the united states. if you're trying to get a job come you got to make sure you're lawfully present. >> what happens when people verify employment and businesses still can't fill positions? what happens at that point with this law? >> when businesses can't fill positions -- >> by the late, that is a common thread. they simply cannot fill good paying jobs, even with high levels of unemployment. >> these are levels set in law. this is a continuous debate and discussion as businesses continue to compete for the best labor they can get. one of the things who need to continue to do is invest in are on resources, rudd labor at

home, particularly for high-tech jobs in science and education that allows us to grow are a citizen race and skill sets to the fill those jobs. in the absence of immigration. >> what is preventing a similar prospects moving forward quakes spinnakers i agree with the need for comprehensive immigration. just a quick vignette that highlights the overall picture. 225 million people crossing each year, critical to our north american economy. prior to cbp, 5% of those people were in the law-enforcement system. take a cross at to 6000 types of documents. in 2007, eight and nine, the first step is a policy discussion for an international

border. the second part was implemented to ologies future documents quickly and make sure somebody was zacarias they cross the border. new primary systems. the implementation of that took several years but is demonically change the border over 90% of all people crossing the land border. we've reduced fraudulent document attempts to increase security without signed on the traffic. >> when a quick move on because i want to ask when my basic question. the secretary napolitano was before his early two years ago, i ask him a d. of she had enough resources. i'm not quite sure about. javier goodpaster the job status

is what we need to do to secure the border. how many miles of fence do they have to build? this is how many boots remained on the ground? your understanding of the bill. right now i have that plan in place right now. >> i came back to serve at the head orders component in a something senator coburn mentioned in the last six months asking the very question the chairman had tension. as we transition to adjust to that depending what they are and say it looks like. what is the end state? it's not a static position in

something that is when they secure the next day is not. it's more predicated on evolving threats in the risk at any given time. my general response to that is a misnomer by people coming to the country between ports of entry, that's the only time i feel comfortable before this committee and others. it's not an easy process. not even the effectiveness ratio and i can assure the chairman of the american people will be gone for a dozen miles the border into decibels on the southern border pivot to say with 100% certainty the amount of people that enter in how many people we ever had. we are not -- it doesn't mean we can't accomplish that.

>> have you ever been tested the challenge of playing out a plan. we are to have that placed? >> strategic plan of 2012 and 2016 is published last may when the first year of implementation certainly available to you and your staff will give you a personal briefing if you're interested and give you insight into what implementation looks like to include measures have been putting together over the past year. >> why are we looking at development of the plan? >> our strategy, just to be clear only takes into consideration between the ports of entry. we are working within the cbp and department strategic planning guiding principles set forth in the quadrennial homeland security review. that's why you feel comfortable

to timelines within the current draft bill suggests implementation is doable because a lot of work is a matter of integrating those in identifying the end state that defines whether or not the border is secure and with those parameters are indicators are to help us gauge whether in fact we do need for resources or shift resources from one area to the other. >> thank you, mr. chairman. >> good question. i just want to see thank you so much for coming early and stayed late yet again. we all are. is going to out back in time. i submit an operating budget in my cabinet was expected to defend the budget. they suggestively reallocate it

for them to sit there and say this is what you really need. for every president i've seen here since ronald reagan up to president obama is discipline network. you have a chance to cabinet secretary to say this is the research like that, the president's mr. budget, whether democrat or republican, part of our job is to ask tough questions with the real resources should be allocated. we're going to have some real money. they call for proposed by the gang of eight and a key is for us to allocate resources for the payoff is the best thing to make sure that to see what were to do more of that.

>> if i could request his honest opinion is in place to be hearing to have a hearing on that. the border patrol has in place to see if we can't do that in the bill. >> what is in the gang of eight and the administration. don't just look at areas between ports of entry. present resources in the ports of entry where thousands of trucks, cars, vehicles. so that's part of their plan and one of the things we'll do. but this is the responsibility shared by the administration and our experience is in backgrounds and so forth in our staff. i'm encouraged were doing some really smart things. but ever be 100%? are not think so.

can we do a better job? see that we can. our goal is to make it better. i'm encouraged with what i am hearing from both sides. a couple questions i want to ask. senator johnson communicate to say if you want. it's your call. i want to look at the issue of peace. most people in this country, do you think of how secure is a problem and they come to this country or the call on a student visa and they simply overstay not just their welcome. as it turns out, a bunch of people fall into that category and my understanding the number is rising. it's not like five, 10 or 20% are here illegally.

can anybody give us a number on that? how significant a problem is that? >> i'll take that if you want to comment, too. senator, you ask a great question that people are best going back 20, 30 years, which is an interest in the federal government and the overstay numbers and we talked a little earlier. you may have been up to vote about how we do identify and track overstates, the system is basically matching and entry and exit electronically and running against databases to ensure the person has left the country are still resides in the u.s. that prices for identifying and tracking has been long commented any number of requests by congress to identify that

system, developed the system and it's only been in the last two and half years that we've actually been able to build a system that allows us to have the ability of data so we can actually publish it. we have committed to getting those numbers out by the end of this year for the first time in the government's history. we've do not buy an entire department working together to automate the system of tracking entries and exits, making up databases and improving matching algorithms and will build to publish information later this year. >> give us some insights on the question. do you want to add something? >> one of the advantages of the immigration reform and his matching categories with the demand having a worksite enforcement regime, tough

enforcement so there isn't a magnet and a codification of priorities that when folks overstay will be looked to identify and remove them. it's the balance of the bill we think can be >> on a visa, here's an idea. we may discuss this before, but i want to share with you all again today. in my old job as governor diller were used to turn training literally when a newborn baby came in to this world. we did follow parenting training in thousands of homes, especially high risk situations to make sure moms, dads have skills they needed. we provided that the cliff's notes on how to raise your baby in terms of checkups, immunization, food, diet, all kinds of things.

let's find ways to do this thing now. johnson & johnson has come up with something called test for baby. the ability to send to menu mom and dad buy their phone use need reminders. you have a doctor's check in two weeks or tomorrow. immunization, your baby should be getting this today, tomorrow, next week. all kinds of things using text for baby. all kinds of people, especially younger people have a phone and use a lot of taxied anyways. sort of like a digital solution or successor to what we were doing was 15 years ago. one was an idea why don't we do a similar thing with people who

are here legally, but not forever. they are a student. there is a sitter, a tourist, a worker and send them a reminder. a month ago, two weeks ago, a two to go. the idea people know they are here, the time is running out. i could probably do something. a lot of technology and stuff up in the air in a different kind of way. ports of entry reverted to develop that. tacking up 3500 new officers at ports of entry. tell us about how this officers might be deployed. what are some of the longest crossing delays on the southwest border and how much can we hope

to reduce those? who would like to take a shot at that quick >> thank you, chairman. farmer acting commissioner for field operations and senator johnson's question if we've asked whether we need reserves rise to secure and facilitate trade and travel is the resource optimization strategy we committed at the 14 budget and they would be deployed on the greatest need determined by the workload by the enforcement results in greater facilities and also nescafé combined formula and we had some significant challenges. air traffic for three years and was expected to hit the market again in the wait times have

grown commiserate with that. even non-literally above the track growth. we have an infrastructure at the airports and the wait times. the sequestration experience give an example of what happens if we cut staff. many of our major airports during peak periods a day to not only get back to her current level, but to go beyond the 2014 budget. being able to staff up to the sticky crossing some only during the peak period, but leading up to the peak and beyond that will balance on reduced wait times up to four hours on high traffic days as we commit to trusted travelers a shorter crossing of 15 minutes or less. >> in terms of best bang for the buck, anyone else can answer

this. first multipliers, investments in technology or infrastructure. we sought a camera device that they are able as the truck came through as someone changed the officer, they had handheld and the drivers visit our impressive stats. some of the technology ideas could be handheld, could be others. early detect radiation. what are the best first multipliers we are looking on at ports of entry? >> unit two of them right there. was a proposal in the budget for increased technology takes our system is a port where the officers doing the work not a

fixed terminal. the improved equipment where we can rent a vehicle through 12 levels but still detect any anomalies. the third thing in the budget that is critical is the conflict of pedestrian reengineering come using kiosks when a pedestrian approaches or office they have documents checked. they verity had their system checks run so we can process about 30% faster, short lines and keep people moving quickly with advanced technology. >> my time is expired, but in terms of your point earlier, we want the department to tell us what the plan are. what we are hearing actually make sense to me. it seems intuitive. they have a plan. a lot of it leads to common sense, so we might be onto

something. >> just a quick question. one of the first trips i did make down to dallas, my impression was i could not believe the high ground fair. we saw the beautiful port of entry being constructed, but certainly the input from the agents heard that the structure, we don't demand power. so quickly in terms of your plan , you say you wanted 3400. where are we have right now? >> nationally is 2,102,175. >> you were talking about a plan 3474. >> numbers are similar between cbp officers are border patrol agents, 2135, so it be a significant increase, about 17, 18% of our staff. >> that would actually accomplish the objective quick >> that would catch up with the

tremendous growth in secure that in a much more effect than efficient way. >> without%, just numbers, how many agents do we need in the ports of entry on the one hand and controlling borders between the ports of entry? just numbers, which you think we need? versus where we are today. >> we need an increase of roughly 3500 jobs. >> is that ports of entry? what about terms of in between the ports of entry? >> center, a lot of that has to do with technology online in september -- in the spring and fall in terms of mobile video surveillance systems. we've got the fixed ours coming on my schedule for fall. we have replacements on previous polls on the border. once we start taking that technology, then we look at the

response requirement in terms of border patrol agents. once we have the last lay down on technology, mobile to assess the border patrol agents. the other piece is deputy commissioner mentioned as having right now is 21,370. what's more important is to be had agents in the right location given the risk assessment and the answer is no. i want to have the flexibility and mobility to the border patrol agents in areas regardie identified as low risk given the measures like el paso sector and yuma sector move from one location to the other, better reevaluation in the right location. >> you obviously don't have the flexibility right now. why not? >> a couple reasons. one is the money required to

move border patrol agents in mass from one location to the other. it wasn't available in 13 and doesn't look like it's available in 14. >> is a resource issue as opposed to policy issue. >> parties resource issue. the other piece because the vast majority from one location to the other part of the bargaining unit. the other piece also as we don't have the ability overnight to move wholesale to those locations and maintain for a long period of time. these are permanent groups as opposed to a 30, 60 day temporary sign that which we do currently. >> i understand ms questions you have enough resources? i get that. also try again. not in terms of dollars, but manpower. if we've got 42 destinations,

21, 21. are we talking about thousands of additional agents. realistically my concern is the american people have no faith will ever secure the border. i'm trying to get to the point of comedy bits on the ground 42,000, 50,000, 100,000. can you give me some ballpark sense to give the american people of what is going to take to finally once and for all -- it's never going to be perfect, but basically get total operational control of the border. >> is very difficult to answer the question directly because it depends what you mean by truly securing the border. the american people would be

satisfied. were not going to be looking in other ways. >> going back to identify indian state. let me show you the pendulum in the discussion i've been involved with the last couple years having come back. one when they talk about securing the border of committee members have talked to, border patrol agents to implement strategies. does suggest to 100% was certain to stop and prevent everybody across the border. if that is the unstated operational control or border security, i have no idea what requirements will be in the technology requirement, not to mention the financial impact to achieve that end state. with unencumbered or unrestrained resources -- >> how about the goals laid out in this bill in terms of what we talk about they are?

>> my staff is looking at trying to identify the requirements under the draft legislation assuming a look at a minimum of 90% or greater and giving flexibility to border patrol to reallocate resources we have and make sure we optimize capability whether it's technology in the air, integration of all the technology to get a better position to answer that one that is done. i don't have the answer right now, senator and i don't think it's a matter of another 4000 border patrol agents and undefined we perceive the anstey. >> i'm going to just follow up on senator johnson's problem. sometimes it may hold hearings would have an opportunity to give an opening statement.

we'll make it about five minutes for an opening statement. i'll give you about a minute. kind of a reflection of the questions we've asked of you. some of the things you said are not fed it will ask you to join us to be audible for you if you're pretty good at that. going back to the very good line of questioning, i don't know there is one number. i just don't other is a good number. i don't know if there's anyone technology, whether it happens to be handheld or detection are gamma rays or ability to measure radiation added vehicles. i don't know the drones are aircraft. i don't offer shows flexibility or just money. it's all of the above them we

have an opportunity to do in all of the above policy. in the case we have resources here to ask this question what works, what we need more of them what were the buses. part of the answer is flexibility. if you want to move folks on the border control people from the heart of to yuma and arizona, they've got families. you can't just say okay, we'll move here from texas and push you over here for the next two years. by the way, i know you're two or three kids in a spaz. we just can't do that. the human side as well. there's a very good line of questioning and appreciate your bringing it up. one last question i will ask to

do with the benediction. based on the metrics, there's been a lot of discussion, but you have a question based on data available, can you answer the question of expert witness posed. where are the vulnerabilities for increased illegal immigration at the ports of entry, between the pores or through these overseas. maybe if you say of those three ports of entry, between the ports are those who came here illegally, give us some idea as top priority in terms of vulnerability. maybe number two, maybe number three. may not be a fair question to ask of you. if you take to give it a shot,

go ahead. >> i think i would defer to my colleagues. >> just putting in a series of raids, the people we know the least about what the concern for law enforcement, so imagine with her conversation about folks we know very little about. certainly that part of entry so we know a fair more about those folks come to similarly with the folks at overstay. if i had to rank again, you can very difficult to talk in absolutes. >> good, thanks. chief? >> i would have a deputy commissioner talk in terms of cbp laissez show my parochial answer it should between the ports of entry. >> mr. mcaleenan. >> to that point, mr. chairman,

deputy her play-doh and we appreciate your visits to the border of engagement with mission personnel there. it is a controlled environment where you have the opportunity to questioning query travelers. we know more about their disability or not. obviously as secretary heyman has laid out by the bill attacking us from all the angles is the best way to move forward because the needs to be a comprehensive solution. >> just very briefly. ports of entry are not ports of entry because people who have visas to come to the ports of entry. in the last two years we've made significant improvement in tracking, identifying and sanctioning those who are overseas and will continue to make progress on that.

we have real-time ability to the lookout to go after folks for law enforcement purposes. people between the ports of entry are unlawfully present in one to break the law we are most concerned about them that's right up my concern there. >> this is a chance to give a closing statement if you wish. take a minute or two if you'd like. i appreciate your being here. >> thank you, mr. chairman. in closing i would reiterate the points i made earlier. the chime in on the talked about the various policies and procedures and things they put in place, new technologies, strategic plans, determination on the number of agents they need between the ports are not the ports and i go back to the necessity of doing this carefully and in full detail.

i think that is the way to success for the department to think through what they are doing before they spend the money, before they make a commitment to hire a certain number or have jobs versus manned aircraft they need to go through the process very carefully first. ..

mr. chairman, to app your first question you pose at the beginning of the hear. what would you do? what would you implement with the money attached in the authorization process. before i answer that, ting would be fair to tell you what our instate vision is in term of the strategy. when you look at secure border what does it mean in the current operation? is one that reduces the likelihood of attack to the country. second, provide safety and security to the public, the broad con tect text there are three things. our ability to increase it more so in the mobilitity mobile system as oppose to the system. we are leveraging with the department of defense them ram dumb of understanding recently

signed last year and starting to get equipment that was previously purchased by the taxpayers we intend to use and test for our border security mission augmenting those things we already received from the department and deployed along with long-term detection capability. that is the first thing. the second thing, flexibility to dpe employ what in what type of technology and how we deploy that in different area. we have to have the flexibility built in. it's not a static state. third, less talked about capability we with the border patrol have to get better at. it may not be so much in term of dollar but profresh city our ability to increase the an let call capability. and how do we take the stuff we collect and leveraging both in term what want department has and experience and cvp has bimentding greater capability to understand the frame work where

we design and implement our operation to understand what the measure mean. thank you for the opportunity, sir. >> mr. chairman, thank you. i would like to agree with you. covered between the port of entry access. thank you for your opportunity. it's going to continue to transform the processes there. we identify our staffing needs and need to apply them appropriately. and between the risk base approach with the flexibility he spoke about. i look forward to continue working with you and your

committee. thank you on behalf of the department for holding the hearing and giving us an opportunity to put forward, i think a good story about our board enand ability to secure it. we made substantial gains in border security over the last decade and three or four years. we see that apprehension historically at the low. 49 percent down in the last four years. seizure at record high. border crime significantly decreased in border community. by all account it's a good story and don't move in that direction. the border is a living, breathing, membrane that allows us both to sustain our daily lives and the goods of things that come through in the business transaction but protect us. we want to be able to expedite lawful trade and travel and

interdepict threat of the earlier opportunity. they make it a principle mission. there's no single solution going to allow for the -- important mission to be accomplished. i think the comprehensive immigration reform bill provide the best opportunity. because there's no single solution. you need a comprehensive approach. you need to address the magnet that attracts people here for ill legitimate work. we need to address the visa that are perhaps out of line and have been for a number of years. we need address the security and continue to build on as we talk about here the technology deploy, the resources to secure the border. i think the bill does that. it's comprehensive. if it were easy we would have done it twenty years ago today. it's not. but it provides the best path forward. the administration supports and will work with you to go it den. thank you.

thank you for the statement. >> a brief comment of closing. i'm reminded a couple of months from now it's going to be blazing hot at the border. it will be 120 degrees. the sup will be bearing down. the men and women who are serving us will be there to our their jobs. there are times this year when we had monsoon rains. if it's raining hard or hailing they'll be there doing the jobs. if rocks are being thrown out and shots. they'll be there. good weather bad weather day and night. we need to keep in mind. and to express through your for the appreciate of the good work being done. for the most part, with in a very good spirit people take pride in their work.

i was impressed by the spirit of men and women i have talked to whether it's california, arizona, or texas or the border. encouraged. the -- we aspire to i know to be nearly perfect in the work we do. that's probably not achievable here. we could put a border patrol -- every fifty years. every 100 years. did would be tough to be able to stop everybody from getting through. does that mean we don't try? be smart. think smart. figure out where the risks are. where the risk are highest. el candidate the resources that make the most sense. we have an obligation to ask tough questions. we are stewart of the resource of our people in this country.

taxpayers, and the good news is we have extra resource. and the question is how are we going to use the resource. where are we going invest? you can help us decide how to do that. you have given us great answer in previous exchange and number of other good ones here today. so as we close, you say i'm not discouraged. i'm encouraged. there's a good spirit here in the committee. and i hear from the responses here that there is action that makes a good comprehensive all hands on deck approach. all the above kind of approach. it makes a lot of sense. the last thing i'm say, i might be wrong, but i think that the people who say if we have a smart comprehensive immigration policy in place. one that allowed people to legally go from mexico to the united states to work for awhile and go back.

go back home. that would be helpful. to the extend we have a situation where somebody comes to the country to go to school, get an advanced degree. maybe in stem subject actually had the opportunity with undergraduate degree had a chance to stay here. staple the green card to the diploma. that's a little bit too in term of the folks that overstay their -- thank you for joining us today. a special thank you to ann richard. i serve as governor with former governor richards and have great affection for her work. as i understand that the hearing record will remain open for another fifteen days. until may 22nd at 5:00 p.m.

the submission of statement and question for the record. with that we're going adjourn the hearing. thank you all very much. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] former south carolina governor a republican special election in the house house of representatives first district. defeating the democratic

candidate. before he was governor, he represented the first district for three terms. replaces tim scott appointed to the u.s. senate. glmpleght coming up on c-span2 deputy deafen secretary talk about spending cut at the pentagon. then president obama's choice to be the next ambassador to libya testifies on capitol hill. leading the way. again, weapons of war in previous century. in charge of security and so much in the administration in the house of lords. we'll see more of him in a short while.

kenneth clark bearing the purse for the speech. the duke of norfolk. and the queen. >> my lords, and member of the highest commons, my government's legislative program will focus on economic growth, justice, and institutional reform. queen elizabeth delivering her priority during the opening of british state parliament. wednesday morning at 5:30 eastern. on c-span2, c-span radio, and c-span.org. deputy defense secretary talking about how automatic budget cuts known as sequestration will effect the pentagon's strategic priority. the event is about an hour.

[inaudible conversations] good morning, everyone. welcome to the national press club. i'm gene from the speaker's committee. i want to welcome another one of the news maker event at the press club. we are honored today to have with us the deputy secretary of defense, ashton charter. dr. carter was confirmed as defense secretary, -- excuse me as deputy secretary defense in october of 2011 all of serving his expwrurnd secretary for logistic since april of 2009. he is a lotted and long time well known defense official to most of you. and i would like if possible to have a few questions after he finishes with his remarks and, please, direct those questions to the subject at hand, if you would, please. let's give a big national press

club welcome to secretary ashton carter. [applause] thank you, gene, and thank you all for the opportunity to be here once again at the national press club. one month ago, secretary hagel gave a speech at the national deference university that described the major strategic and budgetary challenges, choices, and opportunities that we as a defense enterprise face. i would like to pick up where he left off, in what one of what will undoubtly be a series of discussions that extend over the spring and summer as we in the defense department, with the congress, work together to try to put stable and solid foundation under the strategic transition that we are embarked upon as a nation. as president obama made clear in

the new defense strategy, we announced last january, we we are turning a corner, a strategic corner. from a post 9/11 era dominated by two wars, in iraq and afghanistan, to the challenges and opportunities that we will define our future in security. we know what many of those challenges: continued turmoil in the middle east, the persistent threat of terrorism, enduring threats like weapons of mass destruction, and a range of new threats such as cyber. we also see great opportunities; among them, to shift the great weight of the department of defense, both intellectual and physical, that has been devoted to iraq and afghanistan, to the asia-pacific reg, where america will continue to play its

seven-decade-old pivotal stabilizing role in to the future: to develop innovative new capabilities from a vibrant defense technology effort: to capitalize on the lessons of the last decade on how to use forces innovatively, including special forces and the integration of intelligence and operations; to manage presence in new ways; to leverage the reserve and guard components that have performed so great, over the past decade; and to build the capacity of partners and allies so they can shoulder more of the burden. this great strategic transition, which we need to make, coincides with a need to absorb some reductions in defense spending in the interest of the nation's

overall fiscal situation. those two great historical currents are coming together, and it is my view that they can, if managed properly, reinforce one another. that is the task before us in the department of defense. in terms of our responsibility to the american taxpayer, we know that in making this strategic transition, we only deserve the amount of money we need and not the amount of money we have gotten used to. that's why, well before the current budget turmoil, we made reductions in the department's budget by $487 billion over ten years. this half-trillion-dollar adjustment came on top of significant adjustments that secretary gates made to eliminate unneeded or

underperforming acquisition programs. at the same time, our overseas contingency operations funding -- which is not included in the base budget and which is largely for iraq and afghanistan, otherwise known as wartime supplemental funding is also decreasing. now that we have excited iraq and are drawing down our forces in afghanistan. taken together, these reductions compare in pace and magnitude to historical cycles and defense spending the nation has experienced in the past -- after vietnam, and after the cold war. in order to execute the president's defense strategy, and to responsibly prepare for reductions in defense spending, we need to continue a relentless effort to make every defense

dollar count. i began this effort in acquisition when i was under the secretary of defense for acquisition, technology, and logistic. under the title "better buying power" that continues under my successor, frank kendall. extended throughout the entire department, this means making hard choices and purr saiding our own bureaucracy, and ultimately the congress, to support even the hardest of them. in acquisition, we made important changes to control costs like setting targets for what systems should cost, a notion we are applying to the joint strike fighter, the ohio-class replacement, and the new bomber to avoid outcomes like the vh-71 presidential helicopter, which balloon to the point where it became unaffordable.

we also gave renewed emphasis where appropriate, to greater use of fixed-price contract, and approach we apply to the kc-x, now kc-46 aerial refueling tanker replacement competition. we also learned, from the wars in iraq and afghanistan, hard-earned lesson in speed and aguilty. we delivered the mine resistant ambush protected al-terrain vehicle, mrapatv -- which went from commander's need to production and fielding in less than ten months. largely bypassing the ponderous acquisition system. of course, the most important savings achieved through the mrap program were lives saved, and the devastating injuries avoided, something that is truly a priceless. outside of acquisition, there are many other areas in which we simply must do better. making better use of taxpayer

dollars is important not only in its own right, since every dollar that is wasted could be used for the nation's defense, but also important in order win the taxpayer's confidence they are getting full value for their defense dollar. this is a confidence we must earn to get the public and congress to support a reasonable level of defense spending such as the president's budget contains, and for this reason i begin, as the department's entire leadership begins, with driving down tail to strengthen tooth. in this regard, we are placing a great emphasis on reducing the cost of what we in the pentagon call the "fourth estate" which con consistents of the office of the secretary of defense, the joint staff, the combatant commanders, and the defense agencies. the fourth estate represents a fifth of the department's

budget, and it merits at least as much scrutiny as the military services' budgets. there are real savings to be realized here. next, we must drive down health care costs across the department. we have achieved substantial reductions in recent years, largely by holding down costs we spend to buy pharmaceutical and pay health care providers but also through the modest increases in fees and copay assedded to beneficiary. as a result of these and other efforts, our fiscal year 2014 budgeted request for the defense health program at $46 billion, is more than $3 billion lower than the fiscal year 2012 enacted level of $53 billion. in contrast, health care spending in the broader economy continues to grow faster than the overall rate of inflation. but we need to do more. to that end, we must look at

ways to make more efficient use of beds, staffing, and facilities at military treatment facilities, and again at health care fees. we need to restructure our civilian work force as we restructure our fighting forces. specifically, we plan to reduce civilian work force levels by between five and six percent over the next five fiscal years. these reductions end strength reductions we have proposed. because they are con contingent in large part upon our ability to -- we will need a tbokd achieve them. give this connection, we are submitting our ask to congress for one in 2015.

as secretary hagel recently testified before congress. we believe brac tool. investment. and for that reason the future year deafen program adds $2.4 billion to pay for the costs. butted in the long-term, they have consistently generated significant savings. the previous five round are saving $12 billion annually and those savings will continue. i realize it's not exactly a crowd pleaser. and people often to say to me how can you propose that? and our answer really is how can we not propose that? how can we not propose the cutting of tail and the cutting

of tooth? finally, everyone who looks at the defense budget realizes that military compensation, like health care costs, cannot grow at unsubstantialble rates without threatening the force. we are therefore resubmitting a new package of military compensation proposals that we believe address the congressional concerns raised last year. none of the new proposals would result in a reduction in a pay or benefits; they simply reduce the rate of growth, specifically. we are proposing a modest reduction in the growth of military pay by implementing 1% pay raise for servicemembers in fiscal year 2014; and modest additional increase in tricare fees and pharmacy copace as i alluded to above. where applicable, these fee and copay increases would be phased in and have maximum limits to allow servicemembers and retirees to adjust accordingly,

and they would be grandfathered if appropriate. just as we are redoubling our efforts in fiscal year 2014, -- allergy season. to obtain greater e fresh sei in defense spending, we are also deepingen our program alignment to the. the's strategy. let me remind you what the key tenet of that strategy are. the first, as we draw down from the wars in iraq and afghanistan, our force needs to make a very difficult transition from a large, rotation nation counterinsurgency-based force to a leaner, more agile flexible and ready force for the future. it was the right force for the

period. but this is a different period. as we make this transition, we want to preserve what we have worked so hard to achieve in the last decade. first, the tremendous strength that the all-volunteer force has brought to this fight over the last ten years, and the qualities they embody. second, the use of special operations forces and their integral application in modern operations. third, the contribution of the guard and reserve. we used the guard and reserve in this era in a way never foreseen, and they performed greatly. i've been to iraq and afghanistan many times -- i'll be leaving again the day after tomorrow -- and you can never tell the difference between active duty and reserve component unit, in terms of their proficiency and dedication. fourth, the fusion of intelligence and operation -- an area where we have unrivelled

capability. and fifth, new and disruptive technologies, all conceived in our fielded over the past decade. this is the legacy of iraq and afghanistan that we want to preserve and adapt as we turn a strategic corner. the second key tenet of the new strategy has to do with protecting and prioritizing key investment in technology and new capabilities. president obama insisted that we go out of our way to protect our newest investment because these kinds of investments tend to have the shallowest roots. and therefore most to be bureaucracy karatically uprooted. because the investments are so important to keeping the technological edge which so much of our national security depends on, the president wanted to ensure that we didn't'd our seed corn in the process of reducing our budget. in this regard, we are continuing, even in our current budgetary environment, to grow

our special operations forces. a portion of this somewhat larger force will be redeployed from iraq and afghanistan to locations around the world. the remain, not unimportantly will have a chance toly set and be home with family more than they've been able to do over the past decade. next, we rib creasing our investment in cyber, in recognition to the growing threat cyber poses to our national security and critical infrastructure. our fiscal year 2014 budget request repurposes and adds manpower to create cyber teams in three primary functional areas: defending department of defense networking; degrading adversary signer capability, and supporting the derch of nation's critical infrastructure. space, like cyber, is also an area where we are have a large installed base upon which we denned, and we need figure out

how we defend it or if it is possible or because of the nature of orbital i did namic and inherit vulnerability of an object in space, how to operate with out it if we need to. we are developing options to counter the space capability of potential adversaries. another area with the president wanted protected is countering weapons of mass destruction. we still have a none-lou gar program, and it's very active and operational. we're also investing in intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance platform. you see the predator and reapers at work, you see the global hawk, which is the higher altitude platform. then there are other things you don't see. we have an innovative effort to increase the range of our unmanned vehicles and operate unmanned vehicles from ships, and other areas of innovation in isr that don't involve unmanned

aircraft but other techniques. finally, we are increasing our investment in certain area of science and technology port following owe, such as electronic warfare, antijamming capability, and command and control, and communications. it's also been the case that the department of defense lead inevaluation and contributed to innovation at the national level. today, there's a larger commercial technology base relative to dod's than there used to be. of course, the overall technology base is global. still in all, there's a leadership role for the department of defense, and despite our fiscal challenges, there is an area will that will remain a priority. the third key tenet of our new defense strategy concerns our rebalance to the asia-pacific region. our rebalance, to be clear, is predominantly a political and economic concept. not a military one. since i'm the deputy secretary of defense, i naturally focus on the security aspect. in the security sphere, the

logic of our rebalance is very simple: the asia-pacifically is largely enjoyed overall peace and stability for sixty years. apart, of course, from the vafm war. and the only exception that today, and a dangerous one, is north korea. we're responding to north korea's threats. we're doing it by defending ourselves and allies. we're taking a firm but measured approach. but north korea is an exemption, really the only exception in terms of imminent nation-state aggression in the asia-pacific region. the climate of peace and stability, has prevailed in the asia pacific region for so long despite the fact there's been no overaging security structure, no nato, to make sure that historical wounds, which were deep in asia, were healed after world war ii.

and now during those years, first in japan rose and prospered, then south korea rose and prospered, then many nations in the southeast asia rose and prospered. and now, today, india, china, rise and prosper. all of this has been welcomed by the united states. but none of this was foregone conclusion when you consider where asia was at the end of world war ii. while the asian political and economic miracle was realized first and foremost by the hard work and talent of the asian people themselves, it was enabled by the enduring principle of the united states stood for in the region, and also by american military power. these principles we stood for have included a commitment to free and open commerce; just international order theamp sizes

rights and responsibilities of nations and fidelity of the rule of law; civilian control of the military: open access, by all, to the shared domain of sea, air, space, and now cyberspace; and the principle resolving conflict without the use of force. in addition to the principles, it was also enabled by the pivotal role of u.s. military power and presence in the region. we believe that our strong security presence in the asia-pacific has provided a critical foundation for these principles to take root. and in one sentence, our rebalance said we're going continue to provide the foundation for decades to come. our partners in the region welcome our leadership and our robust engagement, about values that underlie them. and therefore; i believe that our rebalance will be welcomed and will be reciprocated.

it is good for us, and it's good for everyone in the region. and it includes everyone in the region. and, by the way, it's not aimed at anyone in the region -- no individual country or group of countries. our rebalance is reflected in force structure decisions; presence and posture, investment, innovations in our operational plans and tactics; and perhaps most importantly, the work we are doing strengthen our alliances and partnership in the region. i've given a number of recent speeches, here in town and asia, that describe each of these license of effort and significant detail, in the interest of time i'll refer you to them. but needless to say, there's a lot going in to this gorped take. when i'm asked to discuss. i'm usually asked two

questions. the first is: can you do it? can you do it with the budget tear challenges you face? and the answer to this question is yes. we can do the rebalance. and here's why: first, as i mention the earlier we are shifting that huge weight that we have applied to iraq and afghanistan, to the region. and second, is that within our budget, which is still substantial, we are making investment in this region a priority. in addition to the current weight of our own defense spending, you have also to take in to account it has accumulated other time. it takes decades to build a military capability like ours. it's true that in addition to having substantial resources, our force has substantial operation experience, which no other military can match.

so for these reasons, we can do it. the second question i get is, "isn't our rebalance really about china"? the answer is no. our rebalance is not about china. the rebalance is not aimed at anyone. the individual country or group of countries, it's about ensuring the peace and stability of the asia-pacific has enjoyed for sixty years continues. in a normal budgetary environment, an e fresh sei -- and strategy-driven approach to defense, such as i have described, and which is reflected in president obama's budget, would be sufficient. however, this budgetary environment is anything but normal, particularly because we are operating under sequester. sequester is not only regrettable in its own right,

but distracts from the true strategic manage gearial tasks before us. sequester requires us to subtract from our budget for the remain of fiscal year 2013 $37 billion, and it presumes that we take equal shares proportionate shares from each and every part of the budget, which is the worse manager approach possible. secretary hagel and i, and this entire leadership of the department are doing everything we possibly can under this deliberatively restrictive law to mitigate the harmful effects on national security. everything we can possibly can. for example, the president used his authority under the law to exempt military compensation from sequestration. we also must, out of necessity,

fully protect funding for afghanistan and other ongoing operations. it turns out that our afghanistan war costs have been higher this year than we anticipated, in part because of higher expected operating tempo. in part because of increased transportation costs due to the extended closure of the pakistan ground license of communication. next, we are fully protecting wounded warrior programs. we are fully protecting our core nuclear tee ternt, critical portions of homeland defense like the ability to interdict hijacked airlines, some special operational forces, and other critical capabilities. and we're fully protecting key other expenditure such as those, froax, that will allow school children in our military schools to finish the school year in a

way that can be fully accredited. next, there are accounts we are presently protecting to extend feasible: first, key features of the new defense strategy such as i one i have described. second, forces forward-deployed to the asia-pacific and per persian gulf for possible near-term contingency. for example, the ability to fight tonight. if there's aggression on the korean peninsula. third, military family programs. and fourth, certain acquisition like multiyear contract. we cannot exempt or protect most of our budget. and so you see serious repurr cushion of sequester appearing as the months go by.

you might ask why does the turbulence hit so hard so fast? why does an 8% sequester budget cut lead to crisis and ready -- to thuns requires some explanation. sequestration commends on march 1st and as i noted will reduce dod funding for fy '13 by $27 billion. about $20 billion of the $27 billion cut effects operation or om account. the account that most influence cay to day readiness. but it gets worse for o and m. the wartime budget is also subject to sequestration. and most of this must come from the same accounts.

to protect funding for the troops at war, which is a must. we are experiencing this year. now we have to make further cuts and base budget om in order sustain wartime operations. the bottom line is cut in the base budget portion is more than 20% compared to our request. and we have only about 6 months left to accommodate most of these cuts. so much for the 8% sequester cut.

we realized last january before sequester kicked in we had potentially large budget problem and began taking action then. we impose hiring freezes, cut in travel and conferences,

and to understand the effect of all of this, let me start with the army. among numerous training related action the army plans to cancel at least six remaining combat center training sessions for the brigade combat teams. these are the cull m ating training events. we are less ready for congress sing sei and replace unit next year. the air force has or will soon stop all flying for twelve combat squadrons.

which means about one-third of the active squadron will be markedly less ready to meet con singty dmadz. the air force is reducing or stopping training in numerous other squadron. it's expensive and time consuming to get it back. the navy and marine corps. are cutting back on flight operation. the navy imposed flying restrictions. and as you have seen we're not sending ships to sea as we planned. as the navy cuts back on maintenance in the days there will be fewer opportunity for the marines to train which will in turn degrade their readiness. finally, we may have to consider furloughing many of our civilian employees in order hold down operating costs. secretary hagel has not made a final decision on tour low.

but if we have to impose them. they will harm morale and productivity throughout most of our support functions. this will, in turn, damage readiness. what is tragic in all of this, all of this damage to readiness and national security it's not a result of economic emerge sei or recession in this country. it's not because defense cut are the answer to the nation's overall fiscal challenge. -- do the math. it's not in reaction to a sudden transformation to a nor peaceful world. it's not due to a breakthrough in military technology or to a new strategic insight of some sort. it's not because paths of revenue growth and entitlement spending. it's purely the collateral damage of political gridlock. we have, and will still have the

most formable military in the world. we are accepting unnecessary risk. the sequester for fy2014 ends on october 1st. there's no way to know for sure what is next in washington. the dod can adjust and adapt to a wide range of contingency. but this will be easiest if we have stability time and flexibility. the president has submitted a budget that meets these goals. the president's budget reflects z his overall approach to deficit reduction. for defense and contains $150 billion more in ten-year cuts compared to last year's plan. on top of the $487 billion reflected in did the want of defense fiscal year 2013 budget. most of the cuts occur beyond 2018 which gives us time plan

and adjust. while no agency wants to cut the budget, the president's plan is much more practical than the cuts that would occur under the budget control act. cuts that could amount to $52 billion in fy2014 align and total of $500 billion over the next ten years. we urgently need congress to grant us stability, time, and flexibility. the house budget resolution, senate budget resolution web and the budget control act confront us not with stability but with an exceedingly wide range of future scenario for our budget. we need congress' support to have the flexibility to make budget cuts where they are most in the interest of long-term national defense. last year they denied proposal we had made ranging from health care e fresh sei to that our

leadership had proposed in comprehensively justed. most immediately, initially, we need reprogramming relief from congress of fiscal year 2014 in order to shift money to meet our highest priority. ideally, we'll have all three element, stability, time, and flexibility with which to make critical decisions. but we must anticipate a wide range of possible contingency. in the regard for this reason, secretary hagel asked me working with chairman dempsey to conduct a strategic choices and management review to exam the choices that underlie our defense strategy, posture investment including all past assumptions of the system. the review will define the major strategic choices and institutional challenges effecting the defense posture in the decade ahead that must be made to preserve and adapt our

defense strategy. and the department's management under a wide range of future circumstances that can result from a comprehensive deficit reduction deal or the persistence of the cut that began with this year's sequester. everything will be on the table during the review. roles and mission, planning, business practices, structure, personnel, and compensation, acquisition and modern station investment, and how we operate, how we measure. and maintain readiness. we plan po complete our work and provide decision points and recommendation to secretary hague in the coming weeks and month. choice the secretary and the president make in response to decision points identified in the review in the months thereafter will then inform our fiscal year 2015 budget execute

the 2014 budget. so in closing, we in the defense department are prepared to make difficult strategic and budgetary choices. we are committed to finding new ways to improve the way we do business and obtain greater efficiency. in order to sustain our military's unrivaled strength, we need the cloud of sequester dispelled. not just move to the horizon. and we need a return to normal budgeting. together with the congress, we can then continue great strategic transition upon which we have embarked with certainty and stability. thank you. >> if you would please stand up and identify yourself. [inaudible]

just a fabrication what is going on. looking forward what changes do you see in the employment of the garden reserve. [inaudible] and the act of force it causes. with respect to space, the -- we have established really for the first time in integrated effort to bring together our space programs all of them. with those folks who understand best the antisatellite threat. and also how we can operate, if we have to, without spacecraft. we have an integrated effort now that looks constellation by constellation. if there is a threat, and there are threats, to those space

systems, how can we make them more resill yentd so that threat can withstood or alternatively how we can -- as we call it operate through if we don't have that capability. that's a new effort. one we're devoting resources to newly in this budget something that my judgment long overdue. and at the same time, overlooking at making investment in our own capability to deny the use of space against our forces. in a conflict. both sides of that equation. with respect to regard and reserve. as i said, the guard and reserve -- the reserve component over the course of the last decade has made a really remarkable contribution that nobody foresaw we engaged in long, large, counterinsurgency operation that

required a large rotation force of the kind of operating for the last ten years. we needed a grard and reserve and they came through. there's a lesson in there about the adaptability and the relevance of the guard and reserve component. and so now as we turn this strategic corner to the future, we're looking for innovative ways to use the guard and reserve component in the new era. so there are missions, for example, like i'll take one example. operation of remotely piloted aircraft that might be effect suited to guard unites. there is the homeland defense mission. i'm in a -- a number of meetings with the counsel of governors to help them articulate the needs

for defense support to civil authority. some of which, probably much of which will be provided through the guard and reserve. in all of these way, they will be relevant in the future going to be different from the era of iraq and afghanistan. that's an exciting sort of frontier for us. and for the guard and reserve. >> john with "congressional quarterly." [inaudible] can you till us a little bit more what is going to be involved there. you've going to be looking at at tiff budget scenario. have you decided which one, for example, the president's budget, $52 billion less, c. something else. [inaudible] they asked you to describe what it looks like. are you going lay out -- [inaudible] two scenario. is it going to be a set of proposal for things to reduce

under the alternative? >> well, a and b. yes. >> obviously the president's a yes and others as well. others in between, if you like. the -- we have to foresee. that's where senators levin and inhoff are indicating in the letter. as much as none of us might like that, we have to take seriously the possibility we stay -- that what what happened this year could happen again. and again and again. and it's in our dna to be ready even for things that we don't like and that is why to get ahead of that is why secretary hagel ordered the review. so we're ready for a whole range of contingency, certainly the two you have named.

in term of the output, i mean, we're not going to be doing is making a proposal to be sequestered. but a proposal which would mean is what we -- what is the product and the product is the a clear delineation of the choices that we can make and might have to make in each of the areas i've described. ..

were you finding things to to department canoeists of clerics >> at the end of the day, of course the congress approves and passes and in that sense they have to prove everything we do. a lot of bases -- where we can seize the initiative internally and need to. [inaudible] can you update on what the review has done thus far and

what work you still have to do before the end of the month? >> each and every one of the areas that describe made substantial progress in terms of framing these changes. i would say we've reviewed between one third and have so far this far along. in some cases they are in reasonably good shape in other cases people need to be pushed harder to work harder, think for a innovatively and older because that's the more extreme range, we have to be bold. [inaudible]

>> scheuer, a request for fy 14. the answer is in the next few weeks, we will make our fy for teen proposal. a lot of the work is done on that. when you are doing in local proposal proposal, you're forecasting the amount of money you need in a conflict two years from now and that's the reason why it's difficult to prepare a budget. of course the fy 14 as a transitional year in afghanistan. as so, what will be doing their will depend upon decision the united states and the rest of the coalition may in the months

ahead and not all of the decisions have been made to clear making our best estimates based upon what we know. of course we can't know everything. [inaudible] >> the president's decision still doesn't mean you know everything that's going to happen two years from now. there's an inevitable amount of estimation that goes into the preparation. that is what it's all about. the own project will expenditures associated with an ongoing conflict. so it's not a science, or we get pretty good after these years. [inaudible] >> we are not asked him for that

now. we know our reprogramming is capped. so they reprogramming we are going to submit will confine itself within the statutory balance. what i was telling you was as a consequence, if approved by the congress, will address our shortfall program. it will not address sequestration. i just want to emphasize that point. our reprogramming doesn't take care of sequestration, doesn't address sequestration. he takes care of further big problem, which is the shortfall and we certainly hope will be approved. there are limits they reprogramming that can be granted. we would like to see those limits change crumbled by the

way. [inaudible] [inaudible] >> we can most clearly identify them take readiness for. as i describe air capability to reach on to the unforeseen and there will be an impact they are and that's why i was saying this is not only, it's not saved

under the sequestered. i [inaudible] >> well, i can, we are working as hard as we can to make sure our commitments to things like dependency love is protect it to the maximum degree possible. we are doing now and we'll keep doing that. it comes under increasing stress as time goes on to see what happens as the years go on. [inaudible] the cost associated os d. --

[inaudible] can you explain not more? >> at stake good question. the informal term is meant to signify the fourth arterburn enterprise in the department of the navy and air force. they are not headquarters functions. things like the defense logistics agency that handles all of their statistics, including the theater in afghanistan. so these are headquarters. that is included in those type orders functions and so forth. i believe we need to shrink the set orders functions also at least as much as everything else is shrinking.

so for sure we must do that. we are going to do that. but that isn't where most of the money is. most of it as combat support agencies doing important work. but they are part of enterprise and need to follow under the same level of scrutiny we have to apply to the navy and army and air force in these times. all i'm saying is we are going to make sure we don't just pay attention to the army, navy and air force but every nickel they spend, wherever it is. [inaudible]

[inaudible] >> first of all, none of us want to do her those. it is not a way of signifying to people working for us and for national defense, working as hard as uniformed people are that their contributions are appreciated. so you know, nobody wants to furlough. what you're up against up against and what we are up against and the secretary of defense is up against ballot being where we take out as the year goes on and interested the

overall accomplishment of the defense mission. and so, one of the possibilities they are is to furlough, meaning essentially put on part-time for the last quarter of the year some or most of our civilian employees. that would be a way of trying to free up funding to attend go to critical readiness functions. assessing this critical readiness functions fairly after the 90 in the final months of the year with many, many other decisions we just had to make. in no way does this suggest these folks are anything but essential to the enterprise

otherwise they wouldn't be employees in the first place. [inaudible] >> to think it's more likely than not below cac are tastier and also sequestration? >> i can't rule it out and therefore we have to be serious about the contingency. that's the reason for the review. sadly i can't rule that out. and so, we have to be ready. that is an unfortunate thing if it happens and obviously we want our fy 14 budget enacted in a timely way, but looking at

recent history can't be sure that's going to happen, so we have to be ready in case that doesn't happen. >> thank you all very much. [applause] >> president obama met with the president of south korea and washington d.c. this week. after the main tuesday, and later studied chinese congress for the addressed a number of issues including recent actions by north korea involving their nuclear weapons. here is some of what they had to say. >> if pyongyang thought his recent press to drive a wedge or somehow garner the north international respect of today's further evidence north korea has failed again. president talk in south korea has stood tall. the united states and republic

who are as united a basic new international sanctions for korea is more isolated than ever. and sure, the decent north korea could create a crisis and illicit confessions are over. our two nations are prepared to engage with north korea diplomatically and over time build trust. but as always, the burden is on pyongyang to take meaningful steps to abide by commitments and obligations, particularly denuclearization of the soil. we disguised jan jan should take notice. the events in countries like burma as the reforms are seeing more trade and invest and in diplomatic ties with the world including the united states and south korea. for our part and will continue to coordinate with south korea and japan and i want to make clear the united states is prepared and capable of defending ourselves and allies with the full range of

capabilities available including deterrence provided by our conventional and nuclear forces. the commitment of the united states to the security will never waiver.

>> leading the way again weapons of water in previous centuries and now some sovereign authority. in charge of security is so much the administration in the house of lords. ernesto souza. lord chancellor kenneth burke with the speech. buford norfork and america said chumley. the queen of the duke of eden borough. >> my letter to members of house of commons. the government's legislative program focused on economic growth, just as some constitutional reform.

>> his home as a gift to 13 business purchased ticket to the graham family and appreciation to the war. coming up their home being presented this lovely villa she said was furnished with everything. case could offer. the partner which was the entertaining part of the home and we all know julia was an avid entertainer, but did. the family spent time in the parlor offer and her daughter played the piano. the other boys play songs for them. grant launches presidential can't gain from his headquarters downtown to lena picked the day

after his election, grant and julia opened up their home for people come accounts up to file through an congratulate of them on his election in the next step of their lives. says mrs. u. s. grant on it she probably can't pay fares and correspondents in here for when she was writing letters or receiving them, kept them stored in here. what about bible by the methodist episcopal church in 1888. this is the most personal space in the house or she would come in to get ready in the morning, ready for bed and in kind of get a little solitude from everybody in the house. we have a lot of personal things that belonged to mrs. grant. so in case you would have used to sell a button on.

we have a pair of size for shoes she wore persist she would've used. this is where he came back after he was a military hero and started a political career. his rise to the presidency is where he was living to do is select then became first lady and this is home to them before that. >> ambassador to libya nominee deborah k. jones testified before a senate confirmation hearing tuesday. if confirmed, she would replace chris stevens who was killed during attack at the u.s. consulate in benghazi last year. wednesday, house oversight committee will investigate attacks. president obama speak to the

ambassador of chad also testified that this one-hour senate foreign relations committee hearing. >> good morning. the foreign relations committee will come to order. we are pleased to welcome two nominees to ambassador to difficult and important sentence. the monograph and somehow regions are increasing strategic thinking for the united states and i look forward to hearing the sound critical interlinked regions. we can never forget ambassador chris stevenson three american public servant, tyrone bliss, shawn smith who tragically lost their lives in benghazi last september. remember the death in afghanistan last month reminded us once again the dangers every diplomat serving abroad these days.

the attacks on benghazi raise questions about how we best ensure those serving in embassies can do their jobs and reach outside the wire and still keep people safe and secure. i'm committed to ensuring congress does its part in providing tools and the cc to operate as effectively and safely as possible around the world. i look forward to hearing the views of both nominees on security and they need to reach outside of the liar. that said we cannot let event overshadow positive progress libya continues jamaican for filling promise of the revolution. no doubt progress and libya has been nasty at the political process is continuing with the parliamentary elections to form the general national congress. they see an emergence of an active civil society that remains engaged over how to best fit the country forward an important ingredient for any democracy. no doubt the united states

enjoys a certain level of popularity and libya that we saw in the aftermath of ambassador stephen's death with us and stick to the street against extremist in support of the united states. the critical question is how to harness the good will to hope libyan people shape is a then inclusive democracy have a healthy relationship that the united states. the most vital and difficult question is one of security situation remains precarious. recent car bomb outside the french embassy in tripoli and kidnapping and assassination of public officials by militia groups that operate with impunity challenge. they are unable to assert the outside of tripoli and broader challenge reintegrating former fighters remains. border security is also an issue of critical concern to stabilize the reason. these issues affect the entire region who have already seen how irons out of libya have added

weapons to conflicts. they often amorphous, the trafficking paths crisscross the region. too often we adhere to her bureaucratic boundaries between the near east and north africa and sub-saharan africa on the other. this year and allow us to cross this barrier is, take the 30,000-foot view and engage in a dialogue about the bn chad and the regional context. chad is ready for challenges. it's amongst the world's poorest countries, highest return on mortality in the world and life expectancy under 15 letters he raised to hover around 30%. ranked fourth in the most failed state index that is also stood to restore stability and security and transport. chad was on a steady path to sustainable recovery and stabilization.

i hope that is the case. an increasingly significant strategic region and chad is an important diplomatic posting for the united states. with that background i welcome our nominee, deborah k. jones of new mexico nominated to be ambassador to libya and will be introduced by our good friend and colleague, senator udall of new mexico ambassador james knight previously on the number of other posts in this over two decades but the forest service. we look forward to the testimony of the nominees. senator corker for his opening statement senator udall to make an introduction that we would hear from our nominees. >> thank you, mr. chairman. i welcome the nominees and families and senator udall will introduce them. i know typically we have these committees, but the rosy player very important and therefore

take place in a full committee hearing. i just traveled about three months ago through northern africa to see what is happening within minutes of al qaeda that have now splintered off in effect it has on north africa and the role it plays as it relates to stability certainly speaks to the import figure two roles. in chad we have a country working outside of his boundaries to help at this year's very weak internally has problems within the country and libya has a situation as we talk about yesterday in the office, a country that almost doesn't have a government and you can feel it on the ground by militia controlled throughout the country in many changes recently could have a negative effect on the country. we have a special responsibility

because the role we played in that country. i support the mission of both of you. i thank you for coming today and look forward to your testimony and look forward to hopefully strong and outstanding outs service in the region import to our country. thank you both for being here. >> senator udall. >> thank you, mr. chairman. tmx senator corker members of the committee. i appreciate the opportunity to introduce ambassador train to you. served with great distinction over a long career in the u.s. state department. she also is a fellow new mexican and we are proud of her accomplishments. her family fled to new mexico and arizona since her grandparents moved from mexico's colonial dupont. she said instead of facing 1991. new mexico is proud to adhere to

the long list of distinguished ambassadors who called new mexico home. ambassador jones has dedicated her life to public service and she is try to instill the same values and her children. her daughter isabel worked as an turn in my office and i believe she's here today with us. in 1982 -- of course ambassador jones one traduce the rest of her family, but i thought i should give special recognition there. deborah jones began her career as defense counsel in buenos aires, argentina while her career began in latin america she seemed to be developed or expertise in the middle east. she's no stranger to stuff assignment. in the early 1990s served as a counselor section chief in damascus, syria.

she was the desk officer for the nationwide kingdom of jordan from 1995 through 1997. she also was director of the office of the arabian peninsula affairs and air ran for near eastern affairs and served with distinction in her critical work as chief of mission at the u.s. embassy in kuwait. she speaks airbag, spanish and french. she has an ms in national security strategy for the national war college and a ba in history from brown university. following service as ambassador in kuwait, she worked as senior advisor for international affairs at the u.s. naval war college and a scholar in residence at the middle east in the two. ambassador jones will be ready from day one to tackle numerous challenges facing libya. struggling to remake their country after years of despotic

leadership the libyan government has been under strain to reign in the live shows as senator corker talked about these groups have attempted to use coercion and intimidation to exact legislative changes such as the recently passed political isolation law in a terror threat still exists today and libya. as a result of an attack on civilians and government entities including our first ambassador sentiments i think i see as we consider the nomination it's important to remember the work of chris stephens and diplomatic personnel who died while in service to the united states. the master stevens and his staff believe strongly embraced that both libyan and the american people will prevail. they confirm the important

foreign-policy task of representing the united states and will be continuing the important diplomatic report become. i have every confidence she's up to the task to move us forward and libya and in north africa of great importance to our country. i'm thankful for the time she spent with me discussing these idle issues come a peaceful and democratic libya is important for regional stability, for the interest of the united states. it's no secret that gadhafi regime created lasting damage and libya by militant groups have attempted to take advantage that is still in transition. ambassador jones will work with the libyan government to enhance security in the change of the ban will have the important work of balancing access to security

at embassies and consulates through our discussions. i know she's mindful of this import job. she has a keen understanding of the responsibility given to her by the president if confirmed. mr. chairman, thank you for the opportunity to introduce ambassador john. the president has clearly chosen an individual of great experience, expertise and commitment and i look forward to supporting such a well-qualified candidate. thank you again. >> thank you for all those insights. >> i'll excuse myself, but i'm sure she will do very well without me. >> with that come are happy to invite ambassador jones to give her testimony. full say that for ambassador jones will be included in the record without objection or me

ask you to summarize for purposes of being able to have a discussion and we invite you if you wish to introduce family members that may be here with you. we recognize service abroad on behalf of the country also is a sacrifice to save money and their willingness to engage in that as well. >> thank you come asunder. drink a member corker, members of the committee, i'm grateful and thank you for the opportunity to appear today in a special thank you to the honorable committee. i'm grateful to the president and there tries to serve as ambassador i would like to thank family for support and understanding them and lovely daughters, and not an isabella who are with me today. and the nec have been good troopers than great supports and

accept his sacrifices or community service meant for them. they've got dishonest along the way. i am so proud of them. two years on the uprising in the fall of colonel gadhafi and brutal to peter schiff has been replaced by a sober recognition of the enormity and depth of the challenges facing leaders and its people as we witnessed democratic transitions are notoriously difficult. progress is organic, not linear. uprisings that the electrons, but we know from our turbulent past nations are built on the brick-and-mortar is sometimes painful reconciliation through political dialogue. libya does compared to other states who've recently been affected by dramatic transition in putting a relatively small

population of oil wells. we should never estimate the effects more than four decades of colonel gadhafi's who had on the country and society. gadhafi dismantled the country's institutions, black emergence of organizations and squashed independent daughter initiative and relied on a network of connections that created a vacuum for which libya's new leaders must build democratic institutions, consolidate control so clearly hijacked his purposes have nothing to do with the well-being of people and the new government dispensing with the above fairly and transparently. the good news is despite difficult challenges there are courageous determine libyan including many who give up less abroad to rebuild their nation and achieve notable successes at the reconstituted government pay

salaries. the july elections, which were remarkably successful and elevated technocrats for red libya's first democratic institution and four decades and libya's oil production important to stability of world oil prices which has reached pre-conflict levels largely on the efforts of libyan nationals. the inherent optimism of patriots that fill developments we saw on display when peacefully celebrated the revolution of february 7 team this year. having said that from a very challenges remain. the need for capacity to assert throughout the country and a lot of fast and porous borders, libyan territory to conflict zone throughout the broader region must be staunch at the

disarming committee mobilizing revolutionary perkasie militias who suffers are so critical to the fight of gadhafi's dictatorship is establishing a national cohesive apparatus with clear lines of command and control, which in turn defeat a volatile and deadly road of militias and prevent a repeat of the tragedy that gossamer ambassador stevenson three finest public servants were brutally killed. as the president has kameny, perpetrators must be brought to justice and i will work to see justice is realized. libya must also consolidate fledgling democratic foundations ultimately lasting security and domestic stability will emerge from the constitutional process that delineates authority, offers protection and the reform judicial system capable of garnering public confidence that this strain a comprehensive national transitional justice

strategy to deal with past gadhafi abuses and criminality. for institution building must also accommodate requirements to secure documented the rise will be exploited by foreign elements including al qaeda's affiliate whose efforts to establish safe havens must be denied. libya's national guard requires careful pending during this fragile. your. during this time was transitional time it is fair for the american people to ask why a timeout from fiscal restraint and give give them a bs as a remain sinners to national interests to fund a number of activities of concern to the security of larger regional security and that the proper foundation through democratic state. libya said ursus ervine s.

anteater tapping petroleum revenues and assets of the regime. as it increases capacity with steps needed to procure a contract external funding will drop away. implementing programs give us the best opportunity to strengthen the libyan government fragile but can be a long-term pattern and stable actor in the region. among the site of user programs aimed at preventing weapons proliferation, provide advice on governance issues such as border security, rule of law and promoting a vibrant civil society. deceit and he will pay dividends of escuela has been a anything our national interest, strategic and ideological as those libya to fulfill potential as a stable and prosperous democracy with a

fully developed civil society and integration and participation of elements of libyan society in geographic areas with respect for international norms. traditional centers of culture and governance can produce a healthy competitive you can join national and create synergy of national opportunity for libya. development of the capacity and sovereignty one has their own security and economic well-being through cooperation from the steady production of hydrocarbon to continue global growth and trade and opportunities for u.s. businesses to partner in renewal and development to the successful democratic transition challenges notwithstanding can be an engine for growth supporting transitions taking place in neighboring tunisia and egypt. there does remain an extraordinary rest of our given

supported the toppling of gadhafi and engagement following restoration of diplomatic relations going back to ambassador in 2008. i've been moved and touched by e-mails received from private libyan citizens following white house announced that it may not the nation expressing deep sorrow over the heinous attack on ambassador stephen and fallen colleagues and assuring me of hospitality and desired to cooperate with the u.s. ambassador. a mother were challenges they will face and then confirmed to working closely of gene krebs in governments and people and women and minorities. and all the connections and tools in coordination with allies and like-minded powers who share our interest in a stable and prosperous libya.

engagement with libya originates before the 2011 resolution and includes cooperation during world war ii and the cold war as well as cooperative efforts in developing oil and gas varies. last but not least and deeply conscious as she permissions for the save insecurity of 4000 americans and for that of those individuals attached to our mission there. as we strive to balance considerations that could be desired to do the work of american people expressed by members of the congress and administration and in this regard are they to expressed deep gratitude to diplomatic security in united states marine corps. other members another u.s. agency colleagues who soroka first made it possible for daily work there. honorable members, it's been my

privilege and great honor to spend 31 years in the service of my country working with nine at menstruations to champion america's interests and values and expand the reach of freedom to the conduct of diplomacy with nations at war and piece in political transition, some of poverty and others enjoy great above. should you choose to confirm it, it will be my honor his sworn duty to lead our mission and libya has unique challenges of establishing a consolidating foundations of strong prosperous and democratic libya allied with the united states and beneficial relation ship. thank you and i look forward to your questions. >> thank you, ambassador. >> thank you, senator. mr. chairman, making member corker and members of the committee amounted to appear today is the nominee to be the next ambassador of the united states of america to the republicans chad. i think present upon the

secretary harry patricia by nominating this position. i will work to represent the values of the american people to the government and people of chad at the moment when chad is becoming a stronger part or for the united states and allies in a critical region. my wife has joined me today. amelia has been my closest part or a stronger supporter throughout the career. mr. chairman, members of the committee, through many centuries the people and cultures have shared chats richly diverse environment. these traditions have a unique culture but one face great tension and turbulence since its independent in 1960. chad has been regularly plagued by civil war in a separate periodic struggle with libya, sudan and other countries.

today chat is emerging from legacy of internal turmoil and conflict. the rapprochement and 2010 has supported internal stability as a whole. to plays a positive role contributing to peacekeeping efforts. notably a key partner in the community efforts to halt extremists from anticipating and sustaining casualties in the international military intervention in mali. chad maintains troops as a member of the united nations peacekeeping operation. in addition, chad's leadership in the economic community of fairness civilians stayed in central african forest commission advances the hopes they'll share for the future of a more prosperous and stable as a house in central africa. however, ongoing instability and conflict such as chad southern

neighbor threatens the progress chad has recently enjoyed. the regional negotiations achieve a broad-based and transparent government and the central african republic and chad has contributed troops to the central african multinational force peacekeeping mission. chad currently has some 375,000 refugees from sudan in the central african republic inuit rivals across the border due to ongoing conflict. the government of chad maintains cooperative relationship with humanitarian community, thereby ensuring assistance provided to affected populations. chad is also subject the regional threat of wildlife trafficking whereby african borders attack and threaten him of the population. this tragedy also impacts the

economic livelihoods of communities as well as security and the rule of law. in addition to regional threats, chad pieces great domestic challenges. international investment is constrained by high import duties and widespread corruption. in particular the government must improve management of resources. chad's oil reserves are in decline having the urgency to need to overcome is persisting under development. while the government has expressed commitment to strengthen human rights positions and capacity to implement moscow. illiteracy coming season high in and history about the return government complicate the consolidation of democracy in the building of capacity for the governance and for so much as economic potential. mr. chairman, honorable members

come as you know it for goodness to and elsewhere to address issues for many years. in iraq on the same man with for refugees from a development assistance and police reform. i oversaw completion of the alliance challenge corporation impact which address challenges similar to those in chad today. pittsburghers improve management of resources and revenue. before entering the foreign service i worked as a specialist event area similar to chad. i look forward to addressing strategic goals of the united states and a fuller partnership i will support efforts to regional security and its regional agreements. if confirmed i will support the government pursued a better

governance for human rights. i supported this is the community misunderstood humanitarian assistance and improved capacity of disaster management. if confirmed, the investor the united states will ensure the safety of other americans in chad and the advancement of u.s. interests. mr. chairman and members of the committee, express my thanks to appear before you today and i look forward to your questions. >> thank you for her testimony and let me begin with ambassador jones. it seems today's defense minister of libby apparently announced his resignation morning and the situation appears to have hit a challenging point. over the weekend, got been intimidated the parliament into passing a political isolation

the to ban anyone who served in gadhafi's government, including many professional technocrats and libya needed to succeed in the future sets a dangerous precedent as maliciously ceased to libya ministries. what do events of the last few days portend for libya's future? how do we secure democracy militias outside of parliament. when impact of the isolation of monterey think we'll have a democratic development? >> sunamerica mayor rudy my mind this morning as i listened to them is. i believe the kind if confirmed, one of the reasons we need ambassador out there has to provide support to the government to enhance control over militias. the libyan people deserve far better than this. they struggled bravely to draw

40 years of intimidation not in exchange for another government of intimidation by armed groups or malicious. so are three of the driest, three legs of the stool critical to development camacho security, strengthening security for supporting government and trading of a professional military regime, which we've started to do in many ways disarming militias but also engaging on governance and getting to work with them to look at the impact of these kinds of laws and the impact on unity and future of the government and civil society is a critical part of libya. the role played in women already has been significant. libyan people themselves have to make voices heard and we will

help them to not go back, but one of the reasons i feel an urgency to have ambassador there to guide their efforts on this side of the ocean as well as guide and help human beings achieve some object is they want to strengthen security and disarm militias. >> you mention civil society is part of the equation. how do you intend to reach out to civil society inside of libya as part of fostering a greater more pluralistic participation by society? >> is where i have to look at the balance every single day. and ambassador doesn't wake up without considering security. that goes part and parcel with the job. when i was ambassador in kuwait,

i didn't wake up one morning without thinking what possibly could have been. inchoate of all places, there's a place where he canceled a marine ball the day of the ball. you have to know what that means because the invasion ofave to ks because the invasion of iraq -- theall. you have to know what that means because the invasion of iraq -- the liberation of kuwait is the largest marine deployment since world war ii. is a combination of factors that can telogen den anomalies led me that day to calm down breakup to browse the brother of fact who protect at the embassy and asked them to swap out all of his cards. i take this very. we have a package. situation is changing all the time. it's very unstable.

it's something they look at every day. i think we have a package for travel that allows us to get out. not as much as we might like, but also at the recent connect team, whether through media, skype, all kinds of connections within libya to have us be able to talk while they might not be as physically present the way they might like in other environments. until i get on the ground, the first thing i do it every mission is to do a terrain walk of the officer. i did it in kuwait, istanbul. i expect to do that in tripoli as well. we will walk the walk, talk about how we can talk about meeting people in other locations. people can travel and take advantage of trips outside of libya and other locations inside. i have to be creative and look at that as we go commissary.

>> chad and libya cherri porous border. what do you see as key regional challenge is and how could she submission such as yourself prove the ability to respond and help shape development in the region? >> thank you, mr. chairman. this square is being hacked together speaks to the importance of a shared approach to regional threat and which we will be working if confirmed. the importance of coronation is absolutely key because there has been an historic division and the state department between the maghrib northern part of africa. but it's no address by creation of a style working group at the secretaries level and state department. it's a good first step in is clear we are going to have to maintain personal communication and coordination of efforts to

address threats as they emerge on our shared border. there's a regional dimension to this, which extends from senegal to the other side of city and. if confirmed i look forward to working with all my colleagues in the effort to address the continuously worrisome threats of terrorism in this area. >> senator, i would in everything has said i'm also say the problem has gone beyond the sawtelle. flow of weapons from libya reaching as far as syria and other places of interest that matter in a very challenging security environment. more than ever we wreck as country is a global issue and i

tend to not only draw around resources of state, but also countries and support efforts to dismantle, locate and destroy chemical weapons and material things left over from first of all gadhafi's collection of buttons over the years of ordinates another thing for most of the results of their own civil war, for a price a buyer. >> thank you gate senator corker. >> thank you, mr. chairman. thank you for your testimony and families for being here. i guess i would ask the first question is would it be done to cause people to send you to libya? i know we talked about this yesterday in the office.

my question is to talk about the safety issue and after the unfortunate event of benghazi. just for the record if he was one of my time emphasize that, i would appreciate it. >> for my personnel -- absolutely, sir. i may say i think our daughters are asking what they did to us to have their dad in islamabad and i'm going to tripoli and they wonder what they did to cause that. it's really just to pay for their college commissary. [laughter] what i would say on security and again, this is something as well as they know is deadly serious for us. how we manage security in the building and without? over the course of my career and even on my first assignment i went mention it happened to also

be after a relative embassy in tripoli and tehran had been overrun, which changed the nature of diplomatic practice and make people worry if we were saved, how are we going to make this work? i have throughout my career and in later years always had a direct connection and picked up the phone with washington, worked closely with security and other agencies that post to have access to intelligence. it is the role of the ambassador. the ambassador is the principal security officer and it is the ambassador who has to decide whether to allow people to travel here or there kamas cuirass had an assist and if you don't coetzee information, the

people are responsible for that. that's what i intend to do. they continue to impress that. >> you know, we were involved in libya insert to have a responsibility because of that involvement. it would appear to me and i would love to hear, we've underestimated the challenges they are and has met with government officials they are. it's really not a government. when you look at the responsibilities they have been the militias throughout the country, it is almost remarkable the country functioning. do you think we've underestimated the challenges they are?

>> center, until i get out on the ground, if there's one thing i've learned -- >> based on the briefings, i don't know that we underestimated. i certainly know we've had a setback in his last eight, nine minutes without having ambassador on the ground. a setback to support the government they are. the imac, could i say we underestimate? again progress after these transitions is an predict the bowl. it is their gimmick. it's not linear, not formulaic and i think we just have to double our efforts because what i do know is if we are not making the effort, we most certainly will lose out. we've never won a battle we haven't shown up for her. >> i know i can do you want to see how things are and they are changing daily, so your briefing a few weeks ago would be very

different i think. based on what you know today, what is it is it typically when what is it typically when ambassador comes in at the beginning where you have the groundwork for which you do for the first six, what are your goals? ..

>> what happens to our relationship if we end up with militiamen basically in the cabinet posts? >> research, a. >> i should say when. [laughter] >> i will not accept that premise quite yet, senator. but we have to be prepared to ring gauge is the space committed to a democratic position in libya. >> but what if it is the islamic state? >> people talk about the muslim brotherhood but we have to look at many layers mother could not support for

the extremist groups groups, extremist ideology is. whenever for many taken at the same time we need to engage with those groups who have rushed -- issue of violence committed to the democratic libya and until i can get on the ground i am not prepared to rule anything in or out at this stage can not saying it is simple. it is not. >> in the briefings you have been having had to think that the issues we're dealing with and libya right now not particularly involved but not overly involved the and that being where we are today? and we have serious that is developing with similar characteristics but how you

think our experiences are shaping our responses as it relates to syria? >> i would not be in a position. i am not involved with policymaking in syria. there are challenges help their cohorts and all are indicative of the transitions. people want change. from us and we have learned is authoritarian and autocratic governments don't develop civil societies to sustain itself in the immediate aftermath of change and that is where we need to be prepared to strengthen to support. if anything, i was reading the other day there are three books i am recommending to people i am not getting royalties but the american revolution, the

second is machiavelli and the third is "the federalist papers" the ags sovereignty emerges from a the people so when they go to and participate with the manifestation and that is the lesson of libyans and syrians have to work with. with up progresses' long while. >> can i stop for keep going? >> i might move on to you chad. would use the most recently in mali, a chad has played a role there what do you see

the threat to chad relative to molly? >> my sense is the wear it -- the way they share the view the opportunity with greater and domestic stability. the threat of the of the insurgents in mali were perceived as threats to the government of chad as well and eagerly pursued the opportunity to address those threats before they were living over the people of chad. they have done a superb job there the strongest contingent in terms of pro-active the gauge and terrorists many african forces they would work closely with and the

engagement began with their own strongly driven desire to participate so they still deploy aid rather than wait for the international community. >> how fragile? >> i don't consider that as much as it lacks the capacity to be effective. the president has been in power since the 1990's and just recently went into the fourth term. the government and the people of chad appear to be comfortable with the way the government is emerging from the democratic and inclusive approach. what one sees it is the approach mont and with the capacity to govern with the

wider pursuits of human rights in terms of what it does with the government which in the openness to help to achieve estate. >> i get there is a question of the interagency coordination taking place in chad. do you have comments or the lack there of? >> i have not heard of significant problems of any policies or objectives there but the larger issue as i understand that i consider the most urgent that all efforts across the agencies are coordinated, harmonized and mutually beneficial in terms of their business -- pursue. so all the types of issues i thank you are referring to

to be easily addressed and momentary. >> it is noteworthy that obviously regionally you will be important to his your position. and thank you for your courtesy mr. chairman. there is no usaid involvement at this time. dues see that changing? >> there is a the usaid officer that is there full-time as a member of the embassy staff. p has been a well-regarded job in terms of pursuing a usaid efforts. there has and then a mission in in chad but the representation and that ultimately besides with

usaid with goals and objectives and the funding available. my personal view is that offers a optimal opportunity with the usaid mission can provide. to help shape and empower the government of chad to help support the capacity which is necessary to ensure the economic development proceed as quickly as possible, a diversified and participate in the world economy and the world resources that remain a pillar of its economy. >> thank you for your desire to serve in this way. >> i welcome the witnesses and ambassador night, congratulations on your many years of service. , ambassador jones come i thank you for your ears as well.

we had a good meeting in my office. ambassador jones, a quick glance of the headlines at libya the past several days, obviously a stark reminder that the transition to democracy is rough and in complete. to headlines from this morning reuters defense minister quits' overseas by gunmen and also will street journal they anticipate purge on ban affects gadaffi officials. despite the challenges and what is happening, i continue to believe we cannot give in to the temptation for the democratic aspirations of people in the vienna and elsewhere with the broader middle east. i don't think we can resign ourselves to the false belief the arabs praying luby's defined by the dark fanaticism of terrorist but are believed it is a desire

for democracy that has inspired millions of peoplehood to peaceful action and even the worst dictators could be overthrown and swept it into the ash heap of history but i am concerned by the vote on sunday to adopt the political isolation lot and the ongoing siege of government ministries with the passage of the law exposes the government's inability to do with the armed groups as well as the overall weaknesses of libya's central government. with your assessment what impact will that political isolation law have on libya's transition and the integrity of the prime minister's cabinet? >> thank you senator and i share your views that the libyan people of the bass family king give them to help them succeed with their

democratic transition. i also like to mention subsequent senator corker i am hearing from the operations center it looks like the prime minister may have convinced him not to resign so let's hope that that holds true. it is the uncertain situation. i believe the isolation law is something that i would hope to address if confirmed to get out with members in get them to rethink the application of that law, how would is defined and the conditions and we all know from our experience with legislation to deal with as americans it is how we apply it to execute the lot and to have some influence to look at the future of the country instead of the immediate desire for revenge or if they need to look further

than that i think the libyan people know that and the majority of people have fought too hard and want to bad the to succeed in a government that is not one of intimidation. they need a government of representation. >> you agree they are appreciative of the assistance of the overthrow of gadaffi. it is not the environment of anti-american and it is pro americanism. >> absolutely. i mentioned in my statement i have received an number of the mails from libyans once the white house welcomed me with my candidacy to offer their hopes for the relationship to continue strongly. we have lost a lot of time and we need to get going on this. >> that is what i was going to mention next after

gadaffi was overthrown the of footprint was enacted, and many of us argued strenuously for the kinds of assistance whether border security, treatment of the wounded, helping organize military, and i think it is pretty clear with the objective view of most observers that we have done very little. added 30,000 i think we treated three in a boston hospital. there is still the issue of sovereign immunity which seems to have hung up our ability to send people there to train their military. part of it is the libyans faults. one heck of a lot of it is our fault. i would expect, and i have talked to secretary kerry about this problem, and you

will have to start unsticking things but you have to get the support of the of ministration which so far has not been there. if you're going to succeed in libya embassador you have to speak truth to power which is we're not giving them the assistance for a variety of reasons, not all hours to assist them to becoming a functioning democracy. you not be able to go to eastern libya any time soon. not just because of what happened in benghazi but it is no longer in control of the government and the situation is evidenced by yesterday's vote that continues to deteriorate. and it cries out for american assistance, which is not the case in some other countries and my

grabher would be more than welcome. i wish to look there is a lot of us that want to see you succeed but most importantly the people of libya to realize the opportunity they sacrificed a great deal of blood to achieve you know, the list of concerns rehab in the areas you should be cooperating and i would hope he would strenuously if bias the state department and the president of the united states how we can salvage what is a unfortunately a deteriorating situation in libya. >> i appreciate your support >> one last thing ambassador i want to make sure for the record and i.m. continuing

to be interested in behalf of the families of pan am one '03 war who were involved in the bombing that lost many lives of americans including new jersey, i assume that i have your commitment upon your confirmation to pursues that line with the libyan government. >> absolutely. and in my time of my previous assignments i had the honor and a painful opportunity to speak some of the parents that have lost children. i am a parent and i cannot begin to imagine that tragedy and i can assure you i will work to continue to press the government to support us than there has been some effort and if think there has been some

progress and of course, the fbi has more details but we do continue to press them and i give you my word i will continue to bring saddam resolution or justice >> one additional item i forgot to mention when it is my turn. >> go ahead. >> there is a small graveyard in tripoli that supposedly allegedly contains the bodies of american sailors who were unsuccessful in the attempt of a raid on the attempts of the barbary pirates. there are remaining family members and others are interested in the identification to effort to repatriate those bodies. it is not a big item in the grand scheme of things that probably we should do what

we can do to give those brave americans that perished so long ago with a place to rest that is fitting with their sacrifice >> that is the first time was aware of that. i think small things can be important to leading to bigger things than i was telling his senator corker reading the history we had a seizure in benghazi in 1967 in the army from tennessee came to save the day there are a lot of connections and we will follow-up on that. we love the marines at the state department and i tell people of that of the time. >> thank you both of your testimony you cannot direct american assistance without an ambassador at the

location that would be an exercise of it -- utilities so we need a ambassador of both of these low tate -- location denis is imperative to have these nominations move forward but it is not in the interest of the united states with these ultimate outcome of libya's future can be helped or we could allow it to be shaped by the course of events by which the united states is absent. and other best way to pursue the national security of the united states is to have the ambassador of both post. there for the record will stay open until the close of business tomorrow i urge the state department and nominees to answer any questions posed by committee

members asap to put the nominations on the next business meeting. with that this hearing is adjourned. [inaudible conversations] >> i again, weapons of war in previous centuries but now symbols of sovereign authority. in charge of security with the house of lords, of the baron is and the lord

chancellor, bearing a the purse with the speech and the great lord chamberlain and the duke of peterborough >> to the house of commons commons, and the government's legislative program will focus on economic growth, a justice and constitutional reform.

>> most people don't know cigarettes are the way we are exposed to the radioactive isotopes and the average smoker will get the equivalent of hundreds of chest x-rays per year from smoking fat is from the of fertilizers put on tobacco

and around the plant, uranium that decays the lead to polonium so the same thing that kills the russian spy is also present in cigarette smoke and that was discovered in the '60s. the most easily preventable cause of death is the cause it is responsible for hundred 40,000 deaths in the united states and completely÷ññ] preventable but we just allow it just like chewing gum.

[inaudible conversations] >> figuring will come to order a i am delighted to welcome all of view this as a series of hearings this committee is holding to look at the security of made with our reporters and how immigration reform could have on those borders. during the two previous hearings we heard testimony from experts front-line personnel about these dramatic move since we have seen in the southern border region since the last time we debated securities seven

years ago. and now those investments are paying off. 2006 border retro averaged more than 1 million arrest of unauthorized immigrants. 1 million each year in the unauthorized population reached the all-time high of 12.5 million people. since then we have added 9,000 border patrol agents with overall staffing levels of 21,000 and also constructed 600 miles of new financing in deployed sophisticated camera camera, sensors, radar over the border with mexico. because of these investment apprehensions of individuals attempting to cross illegally are at a 40 year low the unauthorized population has decreased by about 1 million people. despite these developments developments, we're still facing challenges and all too often they have deep

roots in their own domestic policies and socio-economic conditions of our neighbors. one that noted to solve problems that don't originate and i could not agree more. to focus on the underlying causes with drug smuggling. the experts and from linemen mrs. were all in agreement that passing immigration reform would make borders more secure and will do so of the several root causes of illegal immigration providing workers with legal avenues to fill the jobs our economy needs to thrive and allowing border officials to focus on criminals rather than economic migrants. i believe the bill we are examining today is a step to achieving that goal and increase our security even as it is the tough path to citizenship for many but not all of millions of people

that are in the shadows to day. as a member of our committee to fearlessly craft the bill and i look forward to debating that on the floor. the goal of today's hearing is to review the border security provisions of the jurisdiction and we have an excellent panel of witnesses and we have passed them to give their assessment of the bill and to let us know what they believe that we may need to add or change the bill. and that chinese proverb that those tell me i will forget, and show me i may remember, involve me and i will understand. that is why i tried to visit the border region as i can.

i even visited the california border and the three months i was there also with arizona with senator mccain and representative mccall and address the house committee on homeland security with janet napolitano secretary of d.h. as. and also the canadian border and over the last week checking out other eastern parts of the country people are coming across the border that and not from mexico with places other than that but i personally witnessed the challenges that brave men and women working on the front lines face every day. we witness the terrain that varies from the border region from the dense urban landscape in san diego to the desolate and rugged desert and mountains of arizona and the lush

vegetation around the rio grande valley in texas. some places actually on the rio grande if you look to the north was mexico and to the south was mexico almost hard to penetrate digitation much along that river. based and one i have seen i believe there is no one-size-fits-all solution for securing our border. . .