i am being given the cut. thank you very much. [applause] >> this event was part of the 2013 national book festival and washington d.c. for more information visit the website. >> next on book tv her father, the internationally known scholar and her experiences growing up in new york city as the daughter of arab-american parents. this is about an hour. [applause] >> hi. thank you so much. it is an unbelievable honor to be here as a speaker in general,

and lecturer which is beyond me, but also to be here as the speaker. my father meant a lot to me obviously as most parents to, but he was important to me as a father as well as he was to everyone else. thank you very much for inviting me here. i have just published his book, looking for palestine. the subtitle is also important because it is called growing and confused in an arab american family. ..

and to give you an idea how my own identity as the palestinian american has been, all i form did on my own which has been very difficult. my mother is from lebanon, from a christian family but they are actually quaker. that is the first problem. my dad was as many of you know, a palestinian born with american citizenship to british schools end he wrote about his own identity issues and left palestine at a young age. and he came to the united states at the age of 14 or 15 and he

was also a christian, and i was born and baptized there. and i was sent to a private school for girls. and what went to school, seemed to be blonde. and my father was in the room when talking about representations in the era of literature. and watching i dream of jeannie and figuring out why i didn't have blond hair, magic powers and the sexy out that, there was a lot -- this is how i see myself to this day, this

confused, lost child of immigrants and i am also the daughter of this person who to many people stands, symbolizes palestinian american identity. when i became a professional actress, won't get much into this but it became interesting to me, how much it mattered my name was najka said and they didn't want to change it. can someone had a different name i would answer them because i would forget but it wasn't -- i did certain things with integrity and thought but i didn't want to change my name. it seemed like an old-fashioned silly thing to do in the world in which i live. when i became a professional actress and realize what the

name najka said regardless who my father was, it meant i would be received and expected of me. and when i was a little girl i went to school, i was then episcopalian and relatively white and was trying to fit in but kept hearing i was arab and i would look at tv and see what was presented which was muslim. and a certain type of all the things my father wrote about, terrorists or fanatic muslim or belly dancers and so i didn't fit into any of these categories. i was trying very hard to fit in to america but it wasn't working.

when i was in high school i switch to another school where students were mostly jewish and all of a sudden i fit in. and wyatt looked and the way i asked, to the upper west side of manhattan was the connotation, and in a certain type of neurosis, jewish people. and had a lot of confusion about my identity and as i got older, the time in which i was born, 1974, we would go to lebanon but the war started when i was a year old so there was a war in lebanon and my dad was palestinian and i didn't understand how that it in because he couldn't come with the sand much parents were arab but we weren't muslim. there's a lot going on in my brain cells i thought for a long

time the best thing was to avoid it and try to the american which is something a lot of young children of immigrants try to do. as i got older i realized i couldn't avoid these things and i would have to find a way to deal with my identity. when i was 18 years old my father found out he had leukemia and so we went on a family trip to palestine. it was the first time i went and the last time i went. i was 18 years old and when my father passed away in 2003 i wrote a journal entry about the trip because i had never thought about it. i was missing my father and i started writing this long journal entry which ultimately evolve into a play called palestine which evolve into this book "looking for palestine" and what i think it did for me was a

few things which it forced me to confront all the different things about my identity i wanted to avoid. to confront palestine as a place, as an idea, figure out where i fit in in that regard. the first thing to deal with my father at mortality, my own mortality, but also i felt very afraid. i was 18 years old, here is my dad telling me, we are going to go back to palestine and see it and going to grow up and deal with it. and i am going to go. that was launched point and so although i constantly feel like i am still this confused -- i don't know if i am american or

palestinian or lebanese, i don't know if i am smart or understand politics but i somehow feel, managed to internal eyes and take in and understand my father stood for and spoke about and was famous for and was reared for which was a certain amount of integrity and association with my identity that it just is. it is part of who i am and that is something i will not deny even if i don't feel i have a house in palestine that i know each note and cranny of walls, i don't have any of those connections. it made me feel, what made me feel, in writing this book and working for this process i realize i have taken in

everything my father taught me and taught all of us. in a certain way the most common question i have been asked is how does the daughter of edward said not know where she is from which is not a fair question. what would your father say where he alive now? people constantly are riding we wish edward said where here to comment. we miss his voice. what i have learned is he left us everything we need to analyze and look at things the way he did. my style of talking and writing and performing is very casual, very american, i come off as acumen being trying to figure out and i do that on purpose. it is important to me that i carry on something that he taught me which is as long as you are human and present

yourself as a human with all your faults and your daily struggles and wishes and thoughts about what you would like and what you would like to be an freedom of movement you would like to have to relate to the palestinians, people will listen to you. many people use to speak of this permission to narrate your own story and this idea that all these human beings and i went through this process of worrying about the daughter of this person who used to represent what the ideas, but what came out of it is this incredible realization that it is very simple and we mustn't forget how simple it is, wasn't your father and anti-semite?

no, he was just palestinian. if you had read anything, he is in no way an anti-semite but people don't do that. people take their associations about your identity and just being palestinian carries this whole thing with and what i have learned to do is present myself as a human being and that is all there is to moving forward in our quest for a just peace. in terms of the middle east with the upheaval and the trauma and the sadness i think my father, in 2011 when hosni mubarak was ousted i cried because my father would have been -- everything he has worked for was for this moment of people coming together

and rising up and realizing they have power to change things but in the months that followed people have been asking your the years that followed people have been asking me what are we going to do? this is a necessary step in unnecessary place, the people have to come, the difficulty has to come. there is a lot of violence and death and horrible things but my father would never encourage anyone to give up hope and that is the most important thing. my book was written to remind those of us of the next generation whether palestinian or not that we have all of the tools we need to continue to struggle and move forward. i will read a couple little sections from the book and i will answer any questions you have. in 1982 we went on a trip to palestine and at this point i

had just graduated from high school and my father was diagnosed with leukemia and i am quite ill with an eating disorder which had developed in part because of my own disconnect with my culture and identity and i wanted to disappear and there was a lot going on so i didn't want to go. we went to palestine and stayed in the american colleague hotel, american colony hotel, it was american and that would be good because i wasn't excited about being in the middle east. and then we went and saw my father's home, i was constantly born in the states and lived on the west side of man had been

and then the east side. i wanted to live on the east side and my mother was from beirut which was decided into east and west and we lived in the west but we were christians so we were supposed to be in the east and my dad was from jerusalem from west jerusalem. but we were supposed to be in the east so that kept happening. i was supposed to be in the east of the time and was always in the west. i realize that recently. it is fascinating how much that played into these categories, these divisions we create, how so completely arbitrary they are and i used to go to school in new york on the east side and be worried about if they would somehow close off there would be a war and close off the west side and that wouldn't be allowed to go home, these are very real things that were very problematic in my childhood in

my consciousness and psyche so this trip scared me a lot for a lot of reasons. so i am just going to read so we went to jerusalem and visited my father's house where -- in west jerusalem. we found out my father wrote about this for the london observer, although we were convinced we were going to see the name of one of our jewish friends on the door, we didn't, but we did encounter a sign that said the international christian embassy which was the right wing zionist christian -- so again, i don't know. all of these things started to spin around in my head and i thought i will never make sense of any of this. sorry.

i just want to find, so this is on the trip. it was on this trip that i learned my parents grew up in arab cities with jewish quarters that were as much a part of the city as any other neighborhood and what they heard of my mother's youth there was not only a silly muslim area, should any area and christian area but a jewish area, even now after more than one israeli -- after countless internal battles the synagogue still stands in beirut and as in any other city each quarter and its particular designation because of the families who settled there and not because someone drew a line. my mom told me the story how our philanthropic mother put money for the jewish home in a blue box on the coffee table of german jewish neighbor in beirut without knowing that home was going to be in palestine. my dad talked to his jewish friends and needed.

my mom reminded me her school that her mother ran was in the jewish quarter of beirut. i wondered how their experiences were different from mine. i consider the israeli kids in the park with their nannies. their parents and grandparents might have been victims of the european holocaust but those same adults had probably never thought about anything about arabs until they got to israel yet here, now, not so much later there children, these kids, none of us had ever known the other as anything but an enemy. it seems so bizarre. i was struck by the reality of this conflict. it had not been going on for centuries. origins were recess long ago and not long ago each group of children, our parents separate tragedies to protect and none of us really get it. the division that separates multiplied spasmodic me in my head and collide and violently come together palestinian,

israeli, arab muslim, arabs jew, a palestinian american, jewish-american, my father stopped in his tracks on the way back to the car to tell me what he really thought about the middle east conflict. it is my generation that messed it up. we had too connected to the events of 48 and 67. we were there and participated and until we are gone my generation, the sharons, nothing is going to get done. it is up to your generation to fix it. he put his arm around me as he resumed our walk. turned my head to step back to the palestinian children. and capturing what i felt inside. in 1992, when people piled into a vehicle and went to gaza, they

have a skirt there. and no big deal, we brought many on the trip. as we got from the breakfast room, and a very short skirt. and i needed your wording and shows a spirit that my parents had given me for my birthday. by the standards of the time it hung just above my knees. i put on a pair of brown suede oxford shoes, an elegant store on madison avenue. i had no idea what was expected. i had no idea what to expect. i thought i looked modest enough since my thin body and baby face may be looked much younger than my 18 years but as i entered the van driver suggested he stop and get a full length cloak and head scarf on the way.

my mother refused, exciting the driver in arabic we are not muslim. we are arabs and we can be respectful without being covered head to toe. he nodded his head and let us be. i wanted to throw up. we entered the stretch run military checkpoint. there were army posts and intimidating soldiers manning stations all over the area and more barbwire than i have ever seen. daddy commented to us and later in his own article that the entrance gave the place the appearance of an enormous concentration camp. we were search, cleared, and let through. i took pictures from the car window as we approached the refugee camp. there were people everywhere. this place had the highest population density in the world, daddy told us. 65,000 people live here on top of each other. are you listening? in half a square mile of space. i was listening but didn't need to hear the details. i could see everything.

the car windows were closed but i could smell the open sewers. daddy continued to lecture us mentally taking notes for his article. the statistics are nightmarish. mortality rates, high unemployment, the lowest per-capita income in the occupied territories, the fewest medical services and on and done and this was 20 years ago. as of today, it is much worse. despite my mother's insistence i felt very conspicuous and alienated from my people as i descended from the car. then i put my fancy suede shoe down into the muddy earth of the gaza and inhale that horrifying stench of raw sewage. it penetrated the car window but i had only faintly smelled it inside the vehicle. at that moment i crew be realized i had absolutely no idea about anything.

we had lunch at the house of some important people. as we entered all of the men including my brother and father were guided into one room, the women into another. i was confused. i had been to the middle east many times and despite my relative isolation had nevertheless grown-up around lots of arabs, muslim and christian alike but this was a customer had never encountered anywhere but in the movies. i followed my mom into the salon. women began talking about cooking. i understood them but by arabic was too week to respond. frankly i had nothing to say. i didn't cook. i didn't even eat. my mother nodded, smiled and answered all their questions. i could tell she was slightly bored but making every effort not to show it. i too was bored so i looked into the room with the men, i would get away with it. i knew to these people i was a little girl and he essentially an american one. i could always pretend i did

know any better. my father saw me in the doorway and waved his hand gestures me to come. a few the project to give me their chairs i smiled and purchased myself on the arm of my father where i drifted off into a daydream. they were much to my chagrin but not to my surprise talking about what men in the middle east always seem to be talking about, politics. i felt like i played the part of the board teenager in just about every country in the arab world so i knew what to do. to an out. aaron men always seem to want to sit and talk very seriously about politics. they would listen intently to one another. everyone would smuggle lot of cigarettes, drink arabic coffee, and some would finger prayer beads as they thought the reconsider the argument to which they're giving audience. in this smoke-filled room all eyes were fixed on my dad. most of the men did not even know why my father was important other than he was a connection

to the outside world or more specifically to the west. the irony is until he passed away states were far more familiar to people outside palestine than anyone who actually lived there. they did know he was important and they had been brought here to tell their stories. and explain to me what had been set i wouldn't have been able to follow the arabic conversation even if i had been listening. later in his article he used virtually the same words he had used with me. i didn't hear a single hopeful thing in the two hours i was with the men. one of them spoke about having spent 17 years in jail. his children sick, relatives destitute. there was a lot of anger. the phrase i kept hearing was a slow death. air seemed to be considerable and against west bankers who were characterized as spoiled or privilege for in sensitive. we are forgotten, they all said and because of the unimaginably

difficult job of dramatically or even slightly improving the general lot of was repeatedly enjoined not to forget. i can try to conjure a picture of gaza about all i remember is the ceiling. there was a dead goat, in a platter for lunch and a small piece of fruit given by one of the young girls at the house which i pretended to bite into and chew and swallow. and she chose a separate peace for herself, popped hers into her mouth and smiled. i noticed what covered one sheet given me. i didn't want to eat it because of the 8 calories but also wondered how anyone could beat a piece of fruit without washing it. the inside of the house was immaculate and beautifully decorated even though the outside was stinky and dirty. i tried to wrap my teenage brain around the existence of such a place, where people are trapped like caged animals in the

filthiest zoo on hurt while i got to prance around in $150 pretend that on a plane and go home. in this way the trip to palestine added another dimension to my anorexia. i wanted to suffer, not just for my daddy but for all of palestine. i felt guilty, horrible and sick to my stomach. never wanted to eat again. how could i when others who were just like me in every other way were unlucky enough to be born into nothing. i am going to stop there. that was the initial memory that triggered the writing of the play and the book. and when i started working on both of these things, and was writing from the point of view of everyone says it i am my father and daughter and my father is gone and i have to be my father and daughter and i want to explain how little i know about where i am from and who i am and what my father did

and in the process of creating this work and the play as well i realized i am my father's daughter, everything, everything in terms of the way i see the world and the way i fit in it, everything i think about is, by palestine and being palestinian and trying to find a way to integrate that part of my identity. my father talked of having various different identities and have to embrace all of my confusion and pain and difficulty at accepting all of these different things but at the same time what has come through is i am proud to be palestinian. when i travel to school which i do a lot with this work, i realize what we have, in part thanks to my dad's work but also in part also in thanks to the

work of so many people who work on behalf of palestinian, solidarity, we have, and i went to college 20 years ago and you wouldn't be caught dead unless you were actually palestinian and wanted to start a fight or something but now i would say most of the kids on the college campuses are well informed and aware. even the jewish kids talk to me, i went to one high school in new york and they may have after i left started a program about talking about jewish identity because a lot of the kids were raised by grandparents and parents who were deeply affected by the holocaust but didn't agree with israel's policies so this one girl called me an anti-semite but i told her i am a jew but i don't like what israel does and what do i do? there is a lot of that going on

and i realized in the process of writing and working through this engaging with younger people whether it is just my father's work for all our work or whatever it is, there is still a movement of for justice and equality for palestinians so this fear that everyone expresses that we wish you were alive to tell us what to do or how to react is totally understandable but also not necessary. if i even turned out ok everyone else will too and i have great faith in the coming generations of young people whatever their identity as americans and immigrants to this country in terms of fighting for equality and justice for palestine. that is all i wanted to read and talk about and i will take any

questions that any of you have. thank you so much. [applause] it is hot in here. >> thank you very much. just a reminder to those watching on line this would be the time to chime in with any questions you have on twitter@palestinecenter and facebook and chat rooms so please send them in and we will ask najka said to respond. let's start right here. we for a microphone. >> thank you for your presentation. i am a palestinian journalist, i rely heavily on this. not a day goes by without a new idea in the book. my question is simple. you said something that palestine is a place and an idea. please explain that. board and raised in this

country, a thought. >> i am glad you asked that question. this is one of the most common things that has come up in my own journey. another reason i wanted to write this story was to talk about my father as a human being because there is a lot of despite what he said about identity being fluid and having many different identities many people completed my father with palestine, a certain type of nationalism that i don't think was really what he was about which isn't to say he wasn't proud to be palestinian and proud to fight for equality but when he passed away, he wanted to be buried in lebanon and certain people were upset about this. i don't know who these people are but they were out there because he was palestine to so many people and lead the non, but my dad, like me, the only

country i have ever known is in the middle east, is lebanon where my mom's family is from and my dad's family, had some roots in lebanon as well, where my palestinian family has lived and might lebanese family lived and where we have been and where we felt was home sold part of the reason he wanted to be buried there was because it was quiet, it would disturb his arrest, it was in many ways our home in the arab world and that was something i wanted to stress because my father was born in palestine in 1935 and he lived there until he was 12 but he was also back and forth to egypt. this is why some people say my dad lies when he says he is palestinian but he is really egyptian. he is palestinian but the between egypt and left.

and he came to america and lived the rest of his life in comerica. he went back in 1992 for the first time. he may have been back one other time. i am not sure. it was not a place and i am not one of -- i have a lot of palestinian friends, american palestinian friends who go home to a palestine. they have family in israel proper and israeli citizens, i don't have that. i have no family there. my house -- i don't know if it is the international christian embassy but there is a sign that says martin buber lived there. my dad was also there. i have no real connection to the actual place and in many ways my father did not either. i am not saying that to sort of start a fight.

but i think what palestine represented to him, because my father was not fond of nationalism and identities in any way. like being fluid and being in exile and being a million things. if you asked him his identity he would say i am many identities. he would say he was palestinian but also all the other things. for demand for me the idea of palestine is just a simple, simple struggle for justice and human rights and that is it. just like any other struggle, south africa, this country, wherever, it is about equality and justice. you don't need any sort of, you don't need to be ashamed of that, you don't have to be ashamed of where you are from or what you are seeing because it is very simple. and so i think that is a way for me to explain especially when

people are like your dad was an anti-semite and all these things, my father believed inequality and justice and especially for those of us who are american and feel we are mostly american and have this other stuff behind us, palestinian, whenever it is, what has been carried through by our family is we are people and we have, we are entitled to the same rights as other people and that to me is why palestine by not being a place that i know very well, my father used to say he didn't want to go back and live there but he wanted people to be treated equally and that is as simple as it is and that is what i learned from him. it is not that complicated. he wrote in tense, fancy academic books that were very hard to read, but the central point is people are all the same

and so i feel like my goal with my work is trying to continue that message because it is not that complicated. >> let's go round room. right here, close to the microphone for one second. >> thank you for the talk, very informative. as a humanist in b.c. i promote the intercultural humanities and have two questions. one is are you considering doing your play of the moral of palestine here in the future? thank you. and second, in that play, how do you tackle the idea of the fact that any struggle begins with the liberation of women? >> here is the other things that happened.

i wrote this play, i don't know what i'm talking about, writing a play about palestine and then got word from the feminists for being one of the top 40 feminists under 40 and i was like what? i am a feminist? i didn't even realize the way i had seen the middle east was through the eyes of the young woman and that is probably part of the reason i wasn't interested, because it seems like men talked about politics and women -- you know. thankfully as an amazing mother and grandmother and family members who were quite, quite incredibly well educated and strong and have a lot of integrity and just as vocal and outspoken about things as my father.

to answer the question about my play, i would love to do it. if anyone has a theater or is the producer and wants to bring it to d.c.'s this would be an excellent environment. i don't have any specific plans but i love to. how i dealt with within issue is i didn't even deal with it. i stood on stage and told the story and i think a lot of it came out of that, this idea that this experience about which i wrote when i was in gaza and this house where there were women in one room and men, that was the first and only time i ever experience that middle east. i want to make that very clear because the arab women i grew up knowing, the women in the middle east that i know in general are

incredibly strong, intelligent, wonderful, powerful women. part of my own work is to dispel images that the middle east is a place where women are treated like second-class -- there are certain laws in place that in all the arab countries that are patriarchal and unfair and all that but my grandmother, my mother's mother ran a school in lebanon, the first national secular school in lebanon, she came to america in the 30s to get a ph.d. she was very active in palestinian human rights, she was an arab nationalist, she was brilliant and that is my grandmother on my mother's side, not even my dad's family. she asked me to say her name. so all of my aunts, everyone i

know part with this as much as anyone else so part of the reason i also wanted to write the book was as an actress there is the really limited idea of arab women and i talk about this a lot and especially hollywood, this ideas that you -- the job you get is a woman wearing a scarf on her head who is either the sister, the cousin, the wife, somebody of the terrorist guy. it dangers me so much because it is 01 dimensional. that initiated my interest in approaching the subject matter or my identity, this is how my parents raised me but it is a human reaction to this idea that i was born and raised in new york city and for all intents and purposes and american and

identities others and you have this name so you are going to be an arab woman and this is what an arab woman is. i will not stand for that. i am not entirely sure if i answered your question, but to be fair, my status as sole woman is probably initiated mostly because of this, exploration of identity and i am going to continue to talk and talk can be annoying and make clear that i come from a culture where women are far more powerful and interesting than others may know. [applause] >> some over air. change of wonder if y .

change of wonder if youthere . change of wonder if you. change of wonder if you have any ideas of offspring? you have a gap. >> a great question. what i know this fall, when my family members who read the book have said that they felt sad because they didn't realize the pain i was in. there was a lot more than i read but they didn't realize the pain i was in over my identity and a lot of what i went through was racial difficulties. in the world i grew up in new york, as i said on the east side with the blond girls i had blount -- brown hair and lived on the side where the jewish people lived so basically had this idea, it was all in my head but what i saw in front of me as i am indifferent but i wasn't the minority because there was no air of american identity and

i would go home and my parents are like you are arab. they were trying to make me proud but in a lot of ways i got very confused. i tell the story and the book about how when i started kindergarten in 1979 and in first grade hostages, iranian hostages were released, and the tee be in school in a classroom and saw this thing on tv and i was deliriously happy because the americans were free and my mom told me i should be happy because that is great, but the algerians who were arabs helped broker the agreement to free these people from the iranians so i got really mad at her. i was 6 years old. now i think it is awesome but it

confused me a lot because i wanted to fit in. when you are 6 you know good guys and bad guys. we were americans and we were not iranians so part of the problem is that is how we set things up in this country. i have never been raised in another country but you were either taught to be american or something else and if you don't agree -- is different now. someone quoted the other day my father used to say to send is the greatest form of patriotism meaning part of being an american, especially considering what is going on now today in this very city is voicing your discontent with standing for all things that america stands for publicly and on a global scale soak it is important to let kids

know where they are from and have them be proud of it. i do commend the way my parents constantly constantly brought me with images of arabs, introduced me to a culture i was part of and i came to love the middle east because it was where my home was and there was food and love and people and that is the best way. if you show yourself as a i human being, their grandfathers, their father, their mother, good to know where you are from, people want to know where they're from and one thing i remember, somebody asked where my dad was from andy was the first time i ever said it. he is from palestine. the guy's head, where is that? it is called israel now.

they just changed it? it is not that hard. you know what i am saying? i had to leave. so i think there are simple ways to talk about it. i don't discourage, what my mom did is great because it helped me. it is important to talk about it but let them leave and let them ask questions because that is what i ended up doing because i didn't understand and it is a different world now. when i grew up it was very different and like i said, i was born in 1974, the civil war in lebanon was basically, i was 1-year-old until i was 16. after that as soon as it ended

there was -- during that was the intifada and the first gulf war, then i went to college and then took a break from being tortured by my culture and -- i am just kidding. i graduated and then 9/11 and now oppose 9/11. i never had a break from having to confront these things but what i learned to do in a different way from my brother who set out to learn the language and culture and lived in it, possibly because i was female, i just listened and asked questions and my parents but really good job helping me along the way. until i was ready to starts speaking for myself and possibly i would be a little i would say to a parent, i don't know what i know about parenting but to be

aware if you have a sensitive kid in any way, i was a sensitive kid and a sensitive grownups' which is why i am an artist and a writer and an actress, if they seem to feel different or left out, you might want to explore that because it could have more -- it is a different world, much more multi-cultural world but we do live in a society where people make comments all the time about arabs, palestinians, muslims, without any regard for the fact that it is racism and it is hurting, if a kid is incentive and internalizes that it is good to be aware of that. it was like a dirty disgusting person and apparently my family didn't know because they didn't say it out loud. i think that is important because there is a racial element and even though we live

in this multi-cultural world, especially now there's a lot of polarization in our society and identity extremes and very important to be aware of what your kids are in turn allies in and picking up because i still sometimes watch movies and the bad guy is an arab guy, he is a bad guy. i don't know. i think in these terms because i was raised with it. >> since i was born, my american friends -- what is. >> right. >> this goes on. >> she knew jesus when she was

little and got mad at me. and for a lot of young people, you don't have to be christian but if you are people are amazed how did you get to be christian? i am from nazareth. how did you get to the christian? this is part of it it as well. making these connections for people imus talking with the young egyptian woman and in egypt, how amazing it was, i didn't know that egypt was the same country because it was amazing. we have to make connections, we have to connect we are the same place and have a long history and we can be proud of ancient egypt and also proud of modern

egypt. i don't know. >> question over here? let's take a couple questions that time. >> thank you for this wonderful presentation. for a question i have is this -- and a japanese american and asian american, asian identity, american, and they overlap quite a lot. very significantly aware of race just like you are. what i want you to do is comment about you have these multiple identities and how they intersect with one another and are somewhat different. >> question over here as well?

>> and any concerns -- gaza and the west bank. and also talked about -- always on the news, and palestinian nationalism. >> so to address the first question, thank you. i talk about this a lot in the book and have a conversation with my father, when i was 18, political correct movement began and people say i am

african-american, everyone thought my father stands up because he was always talking about being palestinian and arab american and he was to a degree and had to be careful because when you are separating yourself out you are separating yourself out so he talks to me about how in canada because america is based on the idea of assimilation the overriding thing is you have to be american and you can be african-american and asian american or whenever it is, the one in capital letters and for many of us. i feel arab and i feel american but in lebanon i feel completely american and here -- when gaza is being attacked i feel

isolated more than ever but yet i still don't -- sometimes i go to a protest. this has happened before in 2008 when the governor was being attacked and i went to a protest and the other protesters were shouting and i was like i am not muslim. what does that have to do with palestine and i felt like i didn't belong there. i don't identify with my religion. i felt like we constantly are doing these things, making people feel left out. and we are all the same. and just accepted that i am not arab or american or arab-american, i don't know. i am all of those things and none of them or i am from new

york because this is my most clear identity that i have. that is why i write about being -- i grew up as a jew in new york city because there are cultural identification to you live in this neighborhood and act this way you are this thing so they are completely arbitrary and i think that -- i don't think is ever going to go away. and it fuelled my father's work and it fuels my work. i don't talk about it as eloquently or talk about exile or the poetry of not feeling booted. i talk about being confused and feeling uncomfortable. it is the same thing and what it does is encourage you to constantly seek connections and alliances with other people so to bridge into the other question, my father is one of the first people to speak of the

one state solution and when people ask me about this, and i am not a politician or a diplomat or anything. i don't know how these things happen. i know it takes a lot of time but is so clear, i don't know why it has taken this long to understand this, the only fair solution is to have a country where everyone has the same rights. pretty simple once again. in terms of what you are saying when people say that to me in terms of gaza and the west bank the first thing that has to happen is there has to not be a wall or military occupation and people need to be able to leave and come and go and the way it is set up, palestinians cannot be a united group of people because west bank palestinians, palestinians who live within the state of israel and have citizenship, palestinians in

gaza and die asmara palestinians, my father was born there and me who was born here. i don't know how we are going to get out of the actual physical political situation but i do know that the only way is to start working on taking down the walls and barriers and letting the country be an open country for all the people who live there. i don't know what happened, i met her on that trip and saw her on tv 20 years ago. >> we are just about out of time. one last question right up here in front and we will invite you to join us to check out najka said's book and get some copies. >> i want to --

>> your journey of discovery, your identity is so inspiring when you are talking and unraveling the problems that you are facing in order to define a clear sense of identity. your mother told you you are an arab-american. your father was arab-american. why the emphasis on palestine? palestine encapsulates the indignities that has taken place where the conscience of the west has allowed the west to be absolves of the crisis in the 30s and 40s and therefore they have become permissive to use

real, violating and the palestinians. .. he says in it that, you know, we tend -- he is obviously lebanese and has a lot of different conflicts in his own identity.

you're always going to defend the one that needs to be the most offended. my sister-in-law is half irish and have a palestinian. she always says she is a palestinian first. she is like, well, we are okay. i am going to speak out about being palestinian comanche is right. you want to defend the one that is the most, you know, that needs to be defended. that is. there's a part of holding on to that identity because you are trying to insist that you exist and are alive. that is part of her you are, and you're not going to pretend it is not there because your to your family and ancestors and of the people to say that this is part of hawaiian. in the same way that people in this country your native american like to say their native american. it happens all the time and should not be different for palestinians. thank you. [applause] >> thank you very much.

>> book tv is on facebook. like us to a interact with book tv guests and yours, watch videos, and get up-to-date information on events. facebook.com/booktv. >> today we are in the lagoon area. it was formed by a series of bonds that were connected back in the late 1920's, early 1930's >> to learn about one of america's most acclaimed investigative journalists. >> the most famous work of her probably generation of business writing, the history of standard oil. >> and me and others to help us understand the roots of the area >> epic particular attention. set fire to her stepdaughter.

>> we began our special look as we sit down with local author and learn about his real book, getting a feel for lunar craters. >> years ago came to me and told me that i would have a blind student in my atmosphere in space class. i teach in a planetarium. totally visual. was scared because i was thinking, how am i going to make this visual class successful for this student to cannot see. tens out that here on campus at the time we had tactile lab. this person's would do some tactile material for students that are blind. he also just happens to have a love for astronomy. so i hope that with him and the

rest is history as they say we started to develop astronomy text material for our students which led to the same tactile star chart which was one of our first products that we produced because in the planetarium we spend a lot of time learning constellations, major stars, of a little bit about this season's , and those things really had to be visual. all textbooks can be brail and should be brailled if you need them. the problem is not so much the text because that can be done. it is time-consuming, oftentimes too late or after the fact which is something that we need to do better on, to get this material excess will immediately. that is really not the problem. one of the major problems, particularly in sciences of the diagrams, the pictures that go

with the text. those cannot be just produced automatically like you can buy real text. all you have to do is have the pdf of it. an image, picture, a diagram has to take more fought, more effort so that is where we have made these books very tactile and the diagrams. in other words, r-texas minimalized. tactile is the crowning achievement of our book. you want to try to make our images feel like the actual look. in order to do that we use all sorts of created materials on our masters. basically it starts with the conception, an idea, picture. for example, here was a picture. it is just a half by 11 sheet of

paper of an actual picture from the curiosity rover. you can see the rover robotic arm and the camera attachments. in the distance is the mountain that we went to study on marsh called not sharp. it starts with the picture. we have to do is develop a master that matches that picture. so this is the master that we created. it is labeled in braille up in the top and upper right hand corner. you can see the robotic arm and the camera mount. in the distance is mount sharp. here you can see the difference and the similarities between the actual picture on top and the tactile on the bottom. once you have a master produced you can make the tackles.

to do that we use this machine right here called a thermal for machine. a very simple process that uses heat and a vacuum. heat in the vacuum will form these beautiful textiles. what you do is to simply put the master on the frame. you take a sheet of plastic called the braille on. the place that on to the machine , put the framed around and then this portion, you pull the heat over it and set the time. it will heat it up for a few seconds. usually four or five. after that the pump, vacuum pump will come on. you slide it off. we would peel off the brail upon, and we would have a

finished product of the camera mayors and the attachments with not sharpen the background, all made from this master. we have to collate all these sheets together. we have to print it out. and then we take it to a binder -- pine tree in erie, pennsylvania who buys it for us. we have a finished product at the end with the tactile in there. and then will we do is we paid it tested with blind people. they can look at them and study them and feel them and give us their opinion. >> i am the tac toe graphics specialist for hat trick of the speaking. a lot of times they are too

subtle. when you bring your hands over the whole graphic you might miss a crater, you might miss the ring. you might miss the arm of a camera. even if it is blended in with the rest of the graphic or because of the paper is on your -- there are a lot of dimensions . making it more diverse and intensive for the particular thing you're trying to point. if you're trying to create a greater he would one of them is of the crater to be more defined so that you could see the center while you're moving your hands over it. otherwise if it is just a small indentation around the walls of the crater it oftentimes can either be misleading or you might not even see it at all. >> even students that are cited can learn from these books

because they get there hands on it and touch. what we would call to lend a half deep. we use the race to images and diagrams. >> the difference between raised a line drawing semel we produce our night and day. they raised line drawing can be graphically pleasing to the visualize. it can be colorful. however, if you just have something on wind, depending on the knowledge base of the student or the person that is sitting in front, it will depend on what they get out of it. for somebody in middle school or high school, you have to explain a lot of the details. oftentimes you put the finger on where you want them to be. comparison we're making graphics of a look, feel of a look.

basically taking a graphic and making it feel how it looks to the side and i is totally different because you're seeing all of the dimensions. the rings around saturn, all of the craters and then moon, the volcanoes in the atlantic ocean, what is done by making something that is just plain two dimensional, three-dimensional to the cited i to a two dimensional graphic that is tactile for the visually impaired. >> jerry book comes with the cd. on that cd there is an accessible pds file that you can access the text. also, there is a professionally recorded audio file of the text so that you can listen to it or you can download.

the beauty of that is that to produce all of the barrell has a lot to the cost of production of the book and would make the book rather thick. and so by providing it on the desk we save money and space also. and most users that are blind have what is called refresh will braille. and if you use that you can put the disk in your computer, you have a pattern of fraud, and you can read the text and scroll down at your leisure at your speed of reading. >> to the left and right are rough areas. how many finger widths is it across? if you multiply the number of finger widths * 174 kilometers, what is your prediction for how large the particular is?

>> i could be in the hemisphere and space science class. with a whole bunch of cited peers and be on the same playing field, same everything, take the test in the same amount of time. with a star chart, do the same exact things being shown on the dome of the planetarium at the same speed, and no one is held back so it's totally inclusive. >> these books are just one other way for students with special needs to understand and to learn about the beauty of space and the wonders of astronomy. and so i think that that is the biggest thing that we want our users to come away with is just the appreciation of those details that you can find in our solar system. that is what we're really proud of.

>> erie, the third largest city in pennsylvania, home to 11,000 acres of vineyards and the world headquarters of the transportation, the area's largest employer. time warner cable recently hosted book tv as we interviewed local authors in toward historical sites. >> a crime historian. and so this book forced me into a new discipline. that was to wrestle with women's history and understand discrimination, gender studies, gender roles and expectations. in doing so i realize that all the studies that have been done about gender roles and expectations and stereotypes also apply to crime. it had not been done in many ways. so i took the models of other historians and applied them to crime. and the short answer is women

are expected to be pious, pure, domestic, and maternal. when they are not and commit an act that seems to violate the social mom we get excited about it. i focus on them pennsylvania women who kill. when you start pursing it out you have to examine the whole host of different factors, rape, -- race, ethnicity to megaera -- geography, an economics. the nature of law and law enforcement in other states and communities. i think by focusing on pennsylvania i have been allowed to see a consistent pattern of how women commit particular crimes and how society responds to them. >> the book deals with 18th-century crimes, a lot of 19th century crimes, and mostly early 20th-century crimes i do go up to contemporary times so few women who kill compared

to the numbers of men. it is insignificant. but yet we are captured by it. we want to know what happened, what drove a mother to kill their child. the fact that the casey anthony case captured our attention nationwide tells us something less about casey anthony as it to us about ourselves. that is, this woman broke a social norm. she did not suspect a lot. she broke a social norm and seemed to violate a social norm. that is true of women all across the board. in the time a woman kills it is shocking to us because we have very standard stereotypes of what a woman is supposed to be. in the 19th century women were supposed to be quiet, then your, pious, pure, domestic, maternal, kind of a fragile vessel. and so when a woman kills that

violates the social norm in a significant way and we are shocked by it. that shock captures our attention. we are curious what went wrong. what circumstances compel woman to do that. and so i think my book works less on why women kill and tries to understand that. to kind of focus on the fact that we are curious about it and that tells us more about us and society and our gender stereotypes and the expectation than a dozen of the women themselves. i have broken down the chapters in to stereotypes of women who had committed these crimes from the seductress to the blond bombshell to the which. accusations of witchcraft. we have the evil stepmother. i pay particular attention.

she set fire to your stepdaughter and erie, pennsylvania. what is curious about the particular cases that she was a woman who saw her little robo up in flames. the viejo care ridge at the time was granted as the grieving mother having witnessed the death of her daughter. and the media found out that she was the stepmother then they began to cast her as the evil stepmother, the torch killer and began to cast doubt on the woman's innocents. she was clearly guilty, but the fact of wheat were able to look in her as a grieving mother and twist it to an evil stepmother so quickly without all the evidence being heard tells us again about our stereotypes. one of the cases that i covered is irene schroeder, a woman

working as a waitress in west virginia, led an average, common life. she fell in love with a married man by the name of walter glendale. together for whatever reason, perhaps because of the great depression she and walter went on a series are greece and west virginia, ohio, and southwest pennsylvania. it was in southwest pennsylvania near butler pennsylvania the in the course of one of their robberies' shimmered pennsylvania state trooper, shot him dead read there. they then fled. this is a woman caring for her child in the course are robberies and now having just murdered a state trooper. she fled back to her parents' home. unfortunately in the course of

their flight that nobody who was three years old testify that he basically spilled the beans and his mother unwittingly and the hunt was on. schroeder and walter then fled out of pennsylvania and west virginia and made a beeline to the southwest near st. louis, missouri. they got in another gunfight and shot and of a police officer. there were not all smelly captured until arizona. there were caught and brought back. tried, convicted, and sentenced to die for her involvement in these robberies and in the murder of the pennsylvania state trooper. the first woman to be executed in pennsylvania history. her story is important -- at least from my perspective in this book, she was consistently

portrayed not according to her feed and skill and smarts but consistently described as the blond bombshell. this beautiful bat woman. she was betrayed by her looks. women are portrayed issue is this gorgeous killer, you know, this beautiful woman who has an iron heart. they referred to her as iron irene, this cold hearted, beautiful woman who can kill of the trouble ahead. that's not her she was. she was caught in a moment. she was not a cold hearted murderer. she committed the crime, but she is a human being. venture to say she publicly felt bad about what she did. she was also scared and panicked

. she did what she did. it the fact she is portrayed according to her gender and is more description given about her dress and clothing than about anything else tells us about what society perceives these women at the time. i don't think the media has changed how we perceive women who kill. we are still curious, titillated by, whether it be casey anthony r. susan smith or whoever, we are always asking the question, how can a mother killed. i think we still have those same stereotypes of women are somehow different. and maybe because of the statistics women are different in don't kill as much and maybe we ought to be curious. the fact is, women do kill. and not sure they kill for any

different reason than anyone else. a deer, frustration, revenge, desperation, abuse. those kind of things compel women. the media coverage has always been the same. the differences in the print from prince to video, and the difference is also in terms of the extent of the coverage. we now hear rumors in florida and arizona and elsewhere whereas in the 1930's there would only known about the particular small-town cases in our own particular small town. it may seem like it is a greater epidemic. it may seem like we have seen a huge increase in the number of women who kill. a thing that is by and large a product of perception because of media coverage. we are watching everyone everywhere.

you will give both gender studies in the academic analysis of how stereotypes affect what we do, but you will also get a strong narrative of the particular case and what happens from the background of the woman through the actual murder investigation and trial. but i think when you come away with this really a complex and nuanced understanding of why women killed. it is part of us. we put that value on it. >> book tv visited the erie, pennsylvania with the help of our local partner time-warner cable. >> that was formed by a series of bonds that were connected back in the late 1920's, early

1930's and was originally meant to be a statewide fitch -- fish hatchery. they connected the ponds the ran out of money before they could take it any further. the results of been the fact we still have a great natural fix had -- fish hatchery. some are close to the public because the only transportation is by electric power boats or kayaks and canoes. the public is limited. consequently it was a fairly natural area with all kinds of animals and birds and things populating it all summer long. french for almost an island. that is because the recorded history of the park, it was an island. it broke through the neck of the peninsula and the cayman island.

at one point the opening was over a mile across and 20 feet deep. in the 1920's the state turned it into the state park. it was the second state park and the whole state of pennsylvania. valley forge was first. this park, it was not called press got state park at the time . there originally named it pennsylvania state park at erie. one of the areas i want to talk about, and you will see, where perry monument is at one point was called crystal day. crystal points. perry monument was dedicated to commodore perry after his victory on lake erie. after the battle is where this became famous. produced many deaths and many problems because of the severe

winter we had and the fact that the typhoid fever was running rampant. many people died to get them off of the various ships. it would throw them in the old sales, put the bodies in, and rocks, fill it up a command ticket over to the pond we're going through right now. the next place we will be visiting his daughter works park, park given to the city by the commonwealth of pennsylvania to provide a method of giving cleaner water to the city because of the typhoid epidemic. and there was typhoid all over. it was rampant. part of that has to do with the way that the ships were built. most of the sailors coming over from england and france and all

over used to solve water. all of the water that they used was carried in the barrels and tanks and ships because they could not treat the salt water. when they hit the great lakes and found they could throw a bucket over. that was great. part of the problem developed with typhoid wind the sanitation of the ships, everyone had a hole in the center of about the use to take care of their duties that was fine because in the ocean it would go over. and at the great lakes some of that was apparent, but when they anchored ships this continued. they also were throwing the buckets over the back of the boat to pull up the water. that is when various people, the soldiers got typhoid because of the conditions. this was happening in the cities

because not all the cities along the lakes and sewage treatment plants. they're taking the water from the bay. only 100 yards apart. so it was rampant. there were years worked over 1400 people died and maybe 40 percent of the population was sick. that is why this started to begin to bring clean water to the city. they actually had to cut the peninsula in half and put a 20 ft. wide much will foot deep trench all the way across and dredged furs. then they trash the last bond. took a lead to years. one of the funny things that happened was they brought a truckload of piping and all of that in on the lake side of this the storm comes out. all of the piping was lost and never recovered.

they were told before this not to do that because the lake was too treacherous. of course no one listened. it was destroyed. the park today, the two ponds are there. there were used to settle out the derek and the color out of the water and then it was pumped. what happened over the years, the water settled up. silts filled up. all of a sudden the ponds for about 8-foot the. so they build a building on the side and put in a steam powered pump or the pump water out. first the used bond. they cleaned it out. and they decided to cement that pond. and they refilled it. the last bond was cleaned out but never cemented.

about 1951 or two the stop using the water filter. it won't to three underneath him into the city to a water plant or the use the chlorination and distillation process. >> in 2012 that yuri art museum began a project but help the less of. these can be seen throughout downtown. the most recent stop on our city's tort. >> we are at penn state. we are and the library on campus. right now we are in the archives from where we have a collection of documents, artifacts, photographs related to the

family. documents related to the paper company which they were the founders of for many years, located here. the family came from germany. very successful papermakers. the name of their paper mill was called home . well, there were several reasons first of all, paper production takes a lot of water. what better place for water than on the shores of lake erie, one of the great lakes. they had access to a large amount of water. the other thing that appealed was the location between the midwest markets of cleveland and chicago, still close to the eastern markets of new york, philadelphia, boston. they like the location. the third thing that they liked

was access to force in pennsylvania, the great lakes, and the word canada. the first paper production was december of 1899. and by 1905 records show that they have 520 employees. in the 1920's they had over a thousand employees. by world war two they had around 1500. the economic impact was significant. it did experience more difficult times in the 1930's. he tried as hard as he could not the lay people off home. he cut down the number of shifts so that people were looking part time instead of being laid off. the hammer mill paper company is noted for several innovations in regard to papermaking. in the 1930's there were the first company to develop what

was called zero graphic paper which we now refer to an no as photocopy paper. they did that at the request of the company that later became known as xerox. they also developed a patented had to do with the water marking of paper. the lead to greater efficiencies. this is the actual patent office model for the water marking device that hammer mill received back in 1902. the importance of it was it found a way by using whatever surfaces rather than metal to keep the paper from tearing when the water mark was applied in the papermaking process. the reason was because there are using wood pulp instead of rank compton. when they made a switch which was more economical it created a problem with the watermark in process. anyway, this was the solution. there were the first to devise

that method. finally, there were the first paper company to use all would in the making of writing paper. before that only softwood have been possible. in 1912 hamel paper used three innovations in combination to change the way the market. up to that time companies would come to them and ask that there watermark be put in the paper. for instance busy bee bond would be sold by some company and they but have to put a busy the watermark in run so much paper. and in the robin hood company watermark would need to be put in the next. so there were switching things in and out. very inefficient. they get the idea, what if they sold hammer mill bond. they developed a system of franchised agents, and through them people would purchase animal bond.

the reason the agents were eager to sell the paper was because of the same time hammer mill promised there would do a national advertising campaign and continue it. this had never been done before. starting in may of 1912 and ran their first magazine and. they continued to do that and advertised in

indian tribe, once nicknamed that jim stay because of its sparkling lake. here's more from our recent visit. >> well, the first war that was declared by congress under the new constitution, the first test of national unity. a lot of americans don't realize that. about to invade and try to regain their colony. that was not part of the script. the date of the battle of lake erie. it was the day the british came out to attempt to break through an american blockade. the battle was very hard fought. it was -- it spins a large part of the day. the british were sighted at dawn

about 10 miles away. the wind was laid out of the southwest. the british and the weather gauge. they could keep on course and maintain an upwind position. perry was forced to beat the weather. by 10:00 a.m., four hours in. there were not able to get clear of rattlesnake island, the island that closed the harbor. the wind shifted 90 degrees, when flat. when it came back he had wind from the southeast. now it is in the british face. he could sell out to meet them. closing in a two and a half, three knots. and after about an hour-and-a-half of this silence, the preparation had been made. they did in range. the british initially have an advantage in range.

the detroit, the larger ship is arms primarily with long guns. he starts taking hits. he decided to turn right for the british line and close and. this is exposes his ships to raking fire. the figure that if he could endure it is for maybe 20 minutes, half-hour at the most ticket given them. once the closed-end he would have such fires superiority he would be able to defeat them. it did not quite work out that way. jesse duncan elliot decided to keep back. once again been in close range the position of all of the ships stays static for the next two hours. if niagara have closed them i believe the battle would have been over in half the time with half the casualties. as it was, the british ships could concentrate because viagra was out of range. the other vessels were still so far back.

he ended up in a disadvantageous position. he jumped in with both feet and was not supported in doing so. the british have fire superiority. that little space of a quarter mile. and then the lawrence crew became decimated. over the next couple of hours they showed an amazing degree of courage and determination. they stick it out as the casualty rate cuts of the above 75%. every gun had been knocked off the carriage. every line had been shot away. he cannot maneuver. he cannot fight. and he is stuck. he is helpless. the ship is a shattered iraq. the wounded have blood dripping on the. and he is facing an inevitable surrender.

but just then, just then the wind comes back and fills in this afternoon breeze fairly strong from the southeast again. the smoke cleared, the ships got moving, the british line moves faster. they go forward. he drops back. and as the smoke clears and the british line starts moving, he looks around and realizes that the niagara is sailing for the head of the line, putting out more sale and starting to speed up the treaty does not know what elliott is going to do, but he knows that he has been pretty useless so far. he determines to jump in the boat. he takes four men and jumps in a cover and has himself rode over to the niagara. the british have shifted fire.

everyone gets soaked from the splash of nearby messes. he gets over, gets on board. we don't know what gets said, but believe it does take the boats and volunteers to take the boat and go back in round of the lagging gunboats, smaller vessels that had been strung out behind. he then takes tanagra, orders more sales said, and this time he will cut the british line so that he can. at this time the officer of the detroit is not the captain. the engineer officer sees what is happening. he tries to maneuver, turn the ship down wind to keep his broadside bearing to prevent. when he does so the queen charlotte, the second largest vessel that had been pounding on the lawrence together, the queen

charlotte comes up and is basically out of control because so much of her running rigging lines of been shuttling. they've rammed the detroit. right at this moment in an era sales across the bowel and range of half pistol shot. so just right on top. pours in. this is -- the fire. probably in the space of ten seconds not metals the 302

pounder. and so this is devastating. the rapidly reload and fire another broadside. tablecloths on the pike. the overview, the first chapter is the overview of the entire war. the type of vessel for a long

time and billing and thinking about how that affected the action. when someone mentions something in the with the consequences of that are. that is what my contribution is to my writing about it to fill in that gap in understanding of what the options of the commanders were, what they could not do, what they could do. that helps analyze the choice is better. >> book tv visited erie pennsylvania to bring you some of the areas rich literary and cultural history. serve a variety of purposes throughout history from being a maritime hub during the american revolution, a railroad hub and

the sight of iron and steel manufacturing during the industrial revolution. >> we are going to be looking at the added collection. the most illustrious alone. she graduated during 1880. one of the very first women to graduate. the only woman in her class, born november 5th 1857. her earliest years were spent in this oil rich area. she is exposed to the beginning of the industry that came to dominate american life. the next several decades and came to dominate her professional life because one day she wrote -- many years later she wrote the most famous work of for probably generation of business rating. the history of standard oil.

and first she claimed that she was reluctant to take it on. she was a modest woman. i don't think it was staged. i think that this issue really was. she knew of her origins. at the same time she knew she had everything she had accomplished in her life, but she would never have presenter of taken on at that time the greatest trust in the history of american -- the american economy. she began her steady around 1900. the fifth article does not come out until 1902 which shows you how many years she put into doing the legwork that was necessary. but she had one case in the whole. she had her own version of deep throat. she had a man by the name of henry rodgers to work for john

d. rockefeller who was willing to talk with her privately. she did a lot of very, very meticulous, scrupulous research. she had assistance, people who helped her. one of her assistance really did help for a great deal. together they accumulated a damning case against how the john d. rockefeller had achieved his, you know, accomplishments. this is one of the most important pieces of work that we have here. this is the first installation of the history of the standard oil company published by turbo, november 1902. this is the first installment of what became a 19-part series that ultimately resulted in these two books, and this is the

addition that she gave to allegheny college, the most private collection beautifully bound. when asked late in life by a long -- young history professor, is there anything you would have done differently when you wrote that book, anything you would have said differently? her response was not one word would i have changed. not one word. what we have here are her notes above the incident or she actually saw john d. rockefeller , the only time she ever really simon person. her assistance who worked in cleveland for her instead of a lot of her investigation for her

had heard the john d. rockefeller, and proud member with his wife and family of the euclid avenue baptist church was calling to be giving a lesson on sunday, october 11th in 1903. it he told him that this was going to happen. on october 10th she went up on the train to cleveland. they settled into the church and sat down. they have a lot of other bigger men around them because they wanted to be very surreptitious about this. john d. rockefeller got up and began to give the lesson. they sat through the lesson. she did not remember much of what he said, but she remembered most the power that he emanated. he was an older man at this time she thought he was an ugly man and described him as reptilian.

with them was a man by the name of george very in was an illustrator from core magazine. and he drew this while sitting in the pew observing john d. rockefeller gave the lesson at the baptist church. after word, as the service continued, he took his seat. and they went up into the gallery and watched and observed rockefeller as he was worshiping she always felt a little reluctant that she had gone and spied upon him in an act of worship. on the other hand, i think she felt the need to see her nemesis and she saw him. and she kept a very, i guess,

clear notation. here we have her reminiscences in that moment. what i love the most is this little chart, the euclid avenue baptist church. she is sitting where other people were sitting. over here of serving, and he was at the podium appear in the front. i believe that that was john sitting next to her on the night. you can see, sitting back in the middle of the group. that is her kind of drawing of where they were and what they were doing at the euclid avenue baptist rally on somewhere to over 11, 1903. the only time she ever saw him directly. she never encountered in face-to-face. he wanted nothing to do with her. he called her this term borough

and mockery. and once asked, why don't you say something. he just would not dignify, he said, her accusations of any kind of response. she knew that which is one of the things she had an understanding of. she knew he would never respond to our charges because she said ascendency response to my charges then he validates them and stars the dialogue about this. so she understood she was safe and what she was discovering and publishing. she was once asked, are you afraid? there was a lot of violence around the standard oil takeover some people lost their lives in the violence that ensued. she always felt secure and never feared for her life. if anything happened to her everyone would know who was responsible for it. this is an interesting encounter

many years later, 1916, john d. rockefeller's son actually came and asked to meet with her. she did meet with him. his father had been working on an autobiography. john d. rockefeller jr. thought his father could do no wrong. he abided by his father's interpretation of how he had lived his life. and he asked for her to look over what his father had written to see if it was valid or to make the point that he had done this all above board. and she basically said, no, your father is not telling the truth. he is avoiding the truth your. and some have said that john d. rockefeller jr. walked away from that meeting. he remained friendly the remainder of his life but walked away from that communication

kind of having a different view of how his father really perhaps was not being completely truthful in hell he had accomplished the achievements that he accomplished. if anything she was a moral woman, reared in a methodist tradition. she believes you are your brother's keeper, you have a responsibility to others, and that this all pleasanton what her horror was as she began to really expose some of the methodologies used as the corner of the oil market. >> there are several colleges. the most recent stop on the book tv cities store including penn state hillary, gannon university and lake erie, -- college of osteopathic enough. >> to look up while the bulls did to cause their own decline.

liberalism is a slippery creed. we find its rent deep in the american past. we look at thomas jefferson, seen as the godfather of american liberalism in the sense of not just social egalitarianism, but a sense of equal opportunity for all americans. if you want to boil what liberalism means, it would mean a sense that a good american is one in which there is mass social equality and mass economic opportunity. through the 19th century it was seen and how to achieve those goals of social equality and economic opportunity was to keep the state small. 18th-century levels of the enemy of the opportunity as a monarchy so the state was seen as the

rival, the enemy. by the early 20th century industrialization, urbanization is rapidly changing in the united states. so slowly liberals begin to understand the to achieve these jeffersonian in this of equality and opportunity the need to pursue them to what they call hamiltonian means meeting big government. i would argue that that is not a contradiction because in 18th-century liberal they opposed government because when you search a government to them that meant monarchy. ..

>> this emanates from the new deal which, you know, was a response to the emergency of the great depression. and, obviously, 30 years later john kennedy comes to the white house, there's no great depression. and so the depressing problem for american liberalism at that time and for john ken key was to update liberalism for an age of affluence. and it was no longer the immediate post-war era. so liberalism by the early 19 1960s was still pointed at the problems of dpreg and the immediate -- depression and the