answer anything that congress might throw at it. and so while many people talk about retaliation of the nif, after you've done ibm, ford, general motors, carnegie and rockefeller, the new israel fund is not a real problem. so if there are any other questions from any of the policy people in the room, any of the -- you have a question? >> i wanted to ask you a question. >> what is your first name? >> kyle. >> kyle. yes, kyle. >> i wanted to ask you, you said that this issue of paying salaries for palestinian prisoners was no surprise to, you know, the ambassadors and the policy people and the foreign ministers, yet somehow it was a surprise to members of congress. one of the first things that any congressman is going to do if they want to hold hearings is ask the state department what do

you know about this. and it leads to the question, are they misof informing congress, do you think? and if so, why? >> well, first of all, they haven't been asked the right question, so they haven't misof informed congress. but there is such a thing as to missive misrepresentation -- to missive misrepresentation. and if you knew there was a terrorist getting your money, you would with duty bound to report it. and our country, our administration should not be vibrantly and robustly allowing american taxpayer money to be fungiblely financed into terrorist salaries. we should just abruptly say this has got to stop. now, let me give you a similarly. the biggest -- simile. the biggest demonstration in the history of man kind occurred in egypt some months ago. the biggest petition in the history of mankind occurred in

egypt some months ago. the muslim brotherhood was dethroned. the question was, and i have my own tv show, i asked this question, everybody in the media was asking this question, was it a military coup? and if so, does that not disqualify it for u.s. funding? and, of course, those of us who know the history of democratic movements, those of us who know that people like adolf hitler were brought to power through the electoral process. democracies don't make elections, elections make democracies. those of us who know that democracy can be hijacked by the wrong people who openly admit they're hijacking it for reasons that are nondemocratic when there was a correction, and these people were put out, and now there's a genuine interface

democratic movement in egypt where the coptic patriarch is actually on the dais with the muslim leaders. that's a real turning point. so immediately congress said, oh, let's discuss it, let's debate it. is it, is it not. it immediately went to the front page. so congress can if it wants stop dead in its tracks and say what have we done? and they need to do that here. they need to not take a long time doing it. because every day that congress delays in its hearing, every day that congress delays, every day that congress delays in rectifying its wrong in this area leaves open the possibility that some bright-eyed palestinian villager living in poverty like the one who killed that medical clown will feel

this is my chance for money, this is my chance. and by the way, i just want to add an addendum here. one of the most astonishing things i found in this research was that organizations who claim we're just here for democracy have no problem undermining the democracy in israel. i refer now and you saw it in the trailer to the new israel fund which is committed to democratic processes, which brags about the fact that it can convince or cajole knesset members not to vote in their own knesset, in their own legislature. interrupting elections, interrupting free vote is not an act of democracy. so i think we need to define what is wrong with the system, take a good, hard look at the

system, admit that there's a new entity that never existed before. just as there was a king cole -- king coal and a king oil and a king corn, and now we've become aware of big data. we have big ngo to. and big ngo reports to no one, big ngo belongs to no one. they're international. the new israel fund cannot only pick up its money in washington, d.c., they have a whole office in switzerland, they can get whatever they want through swiss p channels if they want. if they don't like the law, they will overturn the law. the they don't like what happened when they tried to overturn the law, they will go to the, to the supreme courts. if they don't like the action of the supreme courts, they will appeal the supreme court to the u.n. they say, well, that's what we do in this a democratic process.

that's what the people of the land do in a democratic process. that's not what is done from boston and san francisco is we pull the strings on what is and is not going to be done with the legitimacy of israeli law, a law, by the way, that goes back to the beginning of the judeo-christian ethic. i hope that answers your question. is there another question here? do you have a question? with that, ladies and gentlemen, thank you very much for having me. i hope to come back to a hearing room soon. thank you. [applause] >> is there a than fiction author or book you'd like to see featured on booktv? send us an e-mail at

booktv@cspan.org or twitter.com/booktv. >> a few weeks left in 2013, many publications are putting out their year-end lists of notable books. these titles were included in the financial times' books of the year. in "why growth matters: how economic growth in india reduced poverty and the lessons for other developing economies," the author presents his thoughts on the policies that stimulate economic growth. biologist j. craig venter opines on the impact and importance of synthetic genomics in "life at the speed of light: from the double helix to the dawn of digital life." in "the banker's new clothes," afat admati and martin hellwig argue that more banking regulations won't harm economic growth. tom standage, digital editor at the economist, chronicles

different forms of social media throughout history in "writing on the wall: social media, the first 2,000 years." in "the end of power," moises naim, a senior associate in international economics at the carnegie endowment for international peace, argues that power is being decentralized and explores what that means for business and society. gary bass, professor of politics and international affairs at princeton university, explains richard nixon's and henry kissinger's role in supporting a military dictator in pakistan in "the blood telegram: nixon, kissinger and a forgotten genocide." for an extended list and links to ore publications' 2013 notable books, visit book tv.org. >> what we know of the founders, you know, at core, the 30 second version is the guys that were

against the constitution were the religious conservatives of the day, the antifederalists who very much -- and they included patrick henry at the time although he came along eventually -- wanted to have religious tests for office holding and so forth. the founders were the cosmopolitans, and yet most of them were bible-believing christians. but why did they take the approach they did? why did they ultimately come down where madison came down? because they believed also no faith, including their own, was beyond faction. so madison's prescription was, essentially, a multiplicity of sects. that's sects. >> there have been important be developments in the law over the last, you know, couple of decades in terms of government funding and religious institutions. and so i would say that there were some, there were some real issues to work through and to figure out. the rules that govern this area during the clinton years or the early clinton years were different, you know? they changed over time.

there are and some people think that was a good thing, and some people think that was a bad thing. there are some really important issues that people fight about and fight about with some legitimate disagreement. >> christmas day on c-span, current and former heads of the white house faith-based offices on the separation of church and state at 12:30 eastern. on c-span2's booktv, joe sacco with an illustrated account of the great war, july 1, 1916. that's at 5. of and on c-span3's american history tv, from 1967 follow bob hope as he travels across the pacific for his annual uso tour of southeast asia including stops in vietnam just past 8. >> well, booktv is on location at the smithsonian museum of american history in washington d.c. we're joined by the undersecretary of the smithsonian, richard kurin, who has a new book out "the

smithsonian's view of america in 101 objects."a ..reat question, peter. well, my day job is helping take care of the smithsonian and the legacy that the american people give us. you know, we host over 30 million people to the museum. my job is to help make the museums work, help the directors do their job. i have to take care of budgets and politics and public relations and things, but also the content of the work, what we do, what we show, the kind of ways in which we want to help americans and people around the world understand the american experience. >> how long have you been with the smithsonian? >> i first worked here in 1976 for the bicentennial of the united states, and then permanently since 1994. >> as the under secretary, are you the coo in a sense? >> well, we have three under secretary, one a earth science, one is finance administration,

and i'm for everything else. i have a ph.d. in anthropology. >> all right. american history in 101 objects. where did you get the idea? >> well, there's a fellow who runs the british museum, ewen mcgregor, and he wrote a book that was successful, and he said, richard, do one on american history. well, i didn't have to think about it too long. my wife is a public schoolteacher in the dc area, and kids come from all over the world now. america is a much more diverse place, and we don't teach history that much. it's important in our sense of being american. i have to do it. well, i listened to my wife, and so i wrote the book. >> how did you choose 101? >> not easily. you know, at the smithsonian there's hundreds of curators and scientists who are passionate.

we put out a call to various museums to suggest what should be in the book. as you could imagine, people at the national postal museum had a slew of spam. there was a portrait for everything. i took those suggestions, but i looked at what the american people gravitate to, like, peter, when you come to the museum, they come to see neil armstrong's face, the star spangled banner, george washington's uniform and sort. i listened to the visitors, and i picked things totally behind the scenes, some never been on exhibition, but they round out the story of the american spirit. >> 101 objects, how many objects does the smithsonian have in the collection? how many are on display? >> at least 137 million objects. that's specimen, artifacts, artwork, and living collections. remember, the pan that, no. 71 in the book, is one of the objects.

we have a lot. at any one time, maybe 1% of the smithsonian collection is on display. now, we loan out to other museums around the country for research and exhibition work, but people just see the tip of the iceberg when they come to the museum. >> you have one here on exhibit that you have in the book, 101 octobers of american history, what is it? >> well, this is a wagon, being named after the river in pennsylvania, and it was created, we think, we don't know who exactly invented it, but it comes to us from the 1700s when people used these wagons. they were largely dramatic immigrants, and some of the decoration on the wagons mirrors that german american folk art tradition. there was to railroad, no cars or airplanes, and so this is the means of transportation of

moving goods. this is how good we move along the appalachian trail, along the appalachian trail, all the way new england to jazz, bringing food, items from the front tier, and so firs and raw materials in boston to the cities and the towns in the east, and the colonies, and brought british goods out to the frontier. this was the mode of transportation. these were the trucks of the colonial times. >> pretty ewe ubiquitous? >> pretty ubiquitous. we often had iron rims because these wagons went through tough times. there's no real road. you have mud and muck and mire, and they had to be versatile. they were pulled by six horses, three on each side, and in teams, and they really weren't driven. you know, we have that image

sometimes of the west of somebody giddy up and doing it, but usually the wag near walked along, sitting on the side bar, of course, taking care of the horses was important so there's a feedbox that you see in the back. the construction, you note, is very adept to road conditions, and, actually, it's bowed at the bottom so the goods, when you stack goods in there, whether it was bags of grain or pelts, whatever, they kind of shifted towards the middle keeping the center of gravity. you know, you had a solid balancing of the wagons. the wagons lasted in until the 1840s and 50s until replaced bid railroad. there were plans, you know, congress planned the first national road to stretch, you know, from the original 13 colonies of indense, after we achievedded independence to st. louis. that really never happened

because they delivered goods much quicker in an efficient matter. the wagons provided the model for the prairie schooner. because there was less water, they could not have horses. you needed mules, okay, or ox to pull the wagons. the prairie schooner was much smaller than that, a longer yolk with the whole team of ox because they accommodate and make do with less water. >> built in one place? >> no, in a variety of pregnant. there were hub's of that, there's a rude break.

>> you wear out that break pad quickly. you know, and again, people would, you'd have to break a, going into a river or be on a down slope, and you needed that. remember, these are crossing mountain passes, and when you think about the appalachia, look on the map, you see a settlement, you know, every few miles, and that was really the distance the wagons travel in a day. you get the settlements as a striping of pearls between the wagons. >> what's next? >> the invention that of the plant of the wagons. the locomotive. >> let's go see it. so, richard, another one of the 101 objects right here. what are we looking at? >> well, this is the john bole

steam locomotive. peter, when we see this right now today standing here in 2013, this does not look massive. if it was 1831, you'd look at this saying you'd never seen anything like this. this is a massive powerful machine. this is a steam locomotive. now, it was made in great britain because americans did not know how to make locomotives. we had the dream of making a steam engine to propel something. they went up the hudson river. we knew about steam engines, but the idea of achieving quick, efficient, major use of technology to move goods and people around the country was just a dream. >> there's a fellow in new jersey with the idea, let me get a locomotive. the brits making locomotives, getting one there there, and this came in pieces to new

jersey in 1831, and it was put together by a a crew of guys who had never seen a locomotive, just imagine getting this in pieces and put it together. they experimented, track was laid in new jersey, and the idea was do connect new york and philadelphia, the two biggest cities in the young united states. you had to do it in new jersey because the tariffs and taxes such. it went from south new jersey opposite new york to camden, opposite philadelphia. when they laid the track, they did it in a hurry because they needed to make money. they needed to make business. when they laid the track, they did it in a hurry, and so the americans found the train was derailing, and so they had to invent o pertinent to the locomotive, and that's out front and guide wheels, and that's really an american invention. now, what we have at the

smithsonian is first counts of -- firsthand accounts of what it was like to ride on the train in 1831. there's american sculptures, and we have the letters in the archives of american art, writing to his wife, drawing the train, writing to her, you cannot believe the belting smoke, the power of this. i'm getting a headache just listening to it, and then it started up, and we were off like a shot. going 15 miles per hour. you get this sense of the power and the excitement this steam loke moative brought. this is the first commercial venture with the railroads, led to the railroads spreading across the country, and you needed an iron and steel industry to support it, and, of course, we know trains really opened up the whole u.s. from the settlement and built the commercial system upon which the u.s. depended for most itself

life. >> richard, the one we look at, is this the original from 1831? >> it's the original, from 1831. at the smithsonian, we sometimes have fun with things. now, curators and scholars study this, and they understand what were the principles involved, and how did this evolve, and how did it get built, but the 150th anniversary of the john bole, our curators took this out of the museum, put it on tracks, in georgetown near the canal, fired up, stoked up the engine here, it worked, and they took off and rode the train 150 years later. it still works. >> let's continue our tour. >> okay. richard, where are we now? >> one of the storerooms at the smithsonian in the national museum of american history.

>> in 101 objects, 24 is one of the objects. what are we looking at? >> i love it. this is rca tv from 1939, the tra12. i don't know about you, peter, you may be younger than me, but growing up in the 1950s, was the center of the living room. this was new technology. this was bringing the world into our home. this is an earlier model from 1939 #. it premiered at the world fair in new york. these television sets, as you see, you didn't watch the tube. the tube was in the machine, in the casing, and you projected up and watched the mirror. that's how you saw tv. as franklin roosevelt was on tv at that time in 1939, rca and nbc broadcast baseball games.

you can only imagine what they looked like on this. it was perfected technology as i knew in the 50s, and, of course, we know now with wide screen tvs, but you can see the case. this is an art decco-type design. he designed all sorts of thicks, lunch counters, restaurants in new york, art decco was very big in the 1930s, 1940s. had a short wave radio in it, had various controls, and now here you're seeing this model at the smithsonian that we acquired later from an rca executive who owned this in the 1930s. there's -- up fortunately, it does not work today. >> 5,000 built? >> not many. there was a little watch. they went for, at the time, 600 bucks a piece. in the 1930s, that was a lot of

money. very few people could afford it. you had television broadcast in new york and then los angeles, and in world war ii, you had six or seven cities doing television. again, very, very limited. television does not take off until the late 1940s after world war ii, in the 1950s when my parents watched milton and captain kangaroo and this was the beginning, though, this was the beginning of a worldwide phenomena that brought people in the united states closer together who gave them a plan on what was happening. >> radio comes in. radio in the 1920s, and radio really takes off amazingly, tens of thousands of radios because remember with radio, people

bought them on installment plans and all things. that was popular, also, about this time, remember when franklin roosevelt comes in as president and starts the fireside chats with microphones that we also have in the smithsonian. i mean, the american people are living to that, and they said the president came into our living room. >> has this been on display? >> yes. most recently, we did an exhibit on 1939, so many things happening in the late 30s. i'm fond of, again, given the world fairs, the wizard of oz, come out, superman comics, and this television set was on display. >> something else you wanted to show us back here that displayed in your book, the smithsonian history of american objects. this jacket. >> yes. this is a very poignant gadget. it's -- this was the union

jacket of chavez who led the movement, a movement for social and economic justice in our country in the 1960s and in the 19 70s. he was a farm worker putting together that union was a tremendous task and difficult one in the country. many remember the grape boy talks with farm workers who were working for really under minimum wage and working a very tough life. the the living conditions were poor, lack of sanitation of running water, hours long, pais was poor, and there were no benefits, and so chavez had to organize farm worm workers across the state in california, largely, and reached out to other states as well so that those workers would be treated with justice and dignity. >> and richard, another item associated with chavez that you

have here at the museum. >> well, one of the things that chavez was doing an advocating for the rights of farm workers was dealing with their living and working conditions. this is known as the shorthand led hoe, used by farm workers to tend the fields. you know, they use this from morning to dusk. you can see it's very short. peter, if you and i hold back at home, we have a long hoe, and prevents back ware, but use this, you kneel down close to the ground. it's back breaking work. the other thing was if you have a number of farm workers in the field, the supervisor, it enabled you to see whether people were working or not because if people were standing up, that means they were not pending those grapes or crops. based on union efforts, this hoe

was, there's especially poignant because it was owned by the chavez family. this is a hoe, whose dad rntion himself, likely used in terms of its own efforts. >> why did you choose the jacket and this 1939 tv to be included in the book? >> well, i chose them among 99 other things and 137.9 million things that i didn't choose from the collection. i wanted to give a panfully -- a sense of the sweep of american history and our different themes. television represents technology, married with popular culture that reached americans, but part of our national heritage has been the fight for civil rights for the very beginning and human rights. look, we had our war,

revolutionary war. we have the right over our own destiny. we've had various movements in terms of abolition, slavery, about voting rights of people for women, for others, and civil rights in the 196 # 0s. i think he remits the rights of the people, the poorest among us who work for a living, and deserve a measure of human dignity any. >> richard, let's see other exicts. >> sounds good. >> we are trying to double down

on efforts so making it you can print out images of the smithsonian objects on display, but right now, what we're trying to do is do 3-d imaging of the objects, so, actually, you can print them on a 3-d printer, and you, too, could have the treasures of the smithsonian. we're gearing up for that, doing the heavy duty digital work, but it's melds marveg out for teachers across the country to bring it to the classrooms if they can't come to washington. >> well, back to the book, another one of the 101 objects of american history. >> well, this is the -- this is the greensboro lunch counter from north carolina. hhis ist from greensboro, north carolina. this is the luncnh counter which for very brave students fromfebu north carolina sat down onr february 1, 1960 and they sat down to stand up for thehts. rit the counter we have is just a the section of the.

it's an eight --all >> all original? >> ally original. it's that about 60 people. ol when woolworth's was closing upn they knew we were interested in the counter. or for them it was a lunch counter. for us it was an artifact of american history. in they were closing up they got in touch with us. they were very accommodating and they let us take a section of the lunch counter. pertinences f the behind the counter, and we are really document the time. now, understand, at that time in 1960 in greensboro, north carolina, african-americans could come in, buy at the woolworth, they could take takeout, get a takeout meal, but they could not sit down, and these students, again, it was a time of some moments, but, again, the beginning of the civil rights movement in the country, and they felt -- used

to being treated at other places where they were not facing jim crow segregation, and so they talked amongst themselves and decided to do this. they came in late that day, the first day, on february 1st, sat down, of course, they were denied service. they went back them. woolworth's closed. the next day, more students came, and over the ensuing days, females came as well as males, blacks as well as whites came, and soon you had pretty much a full sit-in. this is what really gives us the term, and people were advocating for rights to be served. well, it took months to be resolved. the elders in the african-american community had really not seen or taken that type of action before. i think they were inspired over time by the youth who really were faced with the gross injustice. by the summer time, dwight eisenhower was president, weighed in, and said, yes,

should be served. people weighed in, and woolworth realized in light of boycotts and other department stores, similar department stores facing similar boycotts through the south. they felt it was time to integrate the lunch counter, and so on the first day they opened up, they served the african-american employees, woolworth employees, and the next day, they opened up to the public. that's where students began, i think, a movement, and they began a pursuit of justice that actually was literal. >> all that is documented in richard's book, "the smithsonian history of america in 101 octobers". february 1st, 1960, this is occurring, at what point did the smithsonian contact woolworth saying we are interested? >> i think this was the chief curator at the smithsonian american history museum, loneny bunch, and i don't know exactly when he first contacted

woolworth. i believe we got this in the 1990s when woolworth was going out of business. what we do in order to capture the time every day at the smithsonian, several times during the day, we actually staged sit-ins at the counter, and we engaged the public, have people of our staff who try to describe the context of what it means not to be served. what it was like at that time, and i had the good forkhan. we did a program on the 50th anniversary of the lunch counter, lee living members of the initial four, and look at the counter in the museum. >> when people see this, what's reaction? >> well, i think, you know, many of our youths don't get it now. i mean, many people have grown up. my daughter's grew up in a time where they can't fathom people are treated like that. it's a good reminder. now, i think those of us who are

older remember times and remember the images, maybe people were involved in one way or another, and you get a sense of what people struggled forment i think it's important, just like reminding people of what it was like to be george washington and benjamin franklin and fight for the rights of the nation. it's repeatedly important we let people know about injustices of our country, the struggles, and our ability to overcome them. it's a better country. >> speaking of george washington, another object in the book you want to show us. >> absolutely. >> what are we going to see? >> we're going to see george washington's uniform. >> one of the displays at the smithsonian museum of american history was the price of freedom, americans at war, several items in this exhibit are featured in richard's book, "the smithsonian's history of america in 101 objects," and how did you decide which objects

from americans at war to put in your book? >> well, i knew i needed a cover of a major war, a major conflict that absorbed the country. certainly, the american revolution giving our country independence from britain, the civil war that we're marking at this period, 150 years after the civil war, which had a great consequence in terms of our country. from the different wars, you pick those objects, really resinated with the experience, the soldiers, the popular leaders to help explain why we fought that conquest, what it was about, and how we digested it and processed that. >> well, what are we looking at now? >> well, here we have a uniform of george washington. this is, of course, before he was president. he was, you know, george washington was in the virginia

militia, a british officer, serving at the front, and in the 1750s, 1760s, george washington, and there were models of british soldiers, and washington then, of course, became one of the leaders of the freedom movement, the revolution, and he was picked to command the continue thenal army in 1775. that is the year before we had the declaration of independence. we were already at war with the british, and we were fighting our revolutionary war. washington was very attuned to the dignity that americans projected in terms of concept of liberty and independence they had. they wanted to do it in a dignified way that reflected what he thought was the bearing

of americans. he looked at the american troops, american officers, and he didn't want them to be a rag tag bunch of revolutionaries, but show the british these americans, even though they live on the frontier, live on the edge of british power, nevertheless have bearing, dignity, and standing and are capable of fighting against the british as a worthy opponent. he personally designed the uniforms. he did it in such a way, writes about it, he ordered cloth from london from the uniform of officers to look a certain way, and, of course, washington was tall, had a wonderful bearing, and they helped reflect that standing. a lot of thought went into the buttons, the brichs, and the coat, and that he used these colors and design well into the

civil war, so it was a popular use. now, washington, in terms of doing this, this particular uniform comes to us in different pieces. washington did not wear the ensemble that was being here, but they come from different times in the military career, but he dawned the uniform again as president, and he would do review as, you know, the commander in chief to review the troops, and he wore this ensemble. >> one other thing you want to show us from one of the lesser known conflicts. >> yes. >> what is that? >> well, that is the bugle from the u.s -- uss main. >> what made you choose the bugle to the uss maine to include in the book? >> well, many people do not now know about the spanish american war of 1898, but it was important in terms of american

foreign policy. at that time, america was exercising its muscle, and it was getting used to being a world power or aspiring to be a world power. it was looking for an empire, looking for colonies, looking for competing against the european powers to show we, too, americans, were a force in the world. the -- there was a revolution going on in cuba, the cubans were fighting the spanish for independence, and there were people pro and con, and americans liked the fact there was a revolution going on because they didn't -- they wanted spain out of america, and we thought we had a lot of investment in cuba, wanted to trade with cuba, and we sort of would be good if cuba was more open to u.s. influence and exchange. there was pro-spanish riots in havana, in january, and so teddy roosevelt and others sent the

uss maine to havana harbor in february, and the idea was the show the spanish sthorts in cuba that america was intent on at least helping these revolutionaryies overthrow the government. maine was in havana harbor, and then it was in a big explosion. the bugle is poignant because the captain of the maine, fikse, was writing a letter to his wife, and he heard back that night, 9:30 at night, he heard the bugler sound taps, which in any military outpost, you know, is a sign of, well, there's a peaceful and soothing quality to it. he heard taps, and then just after that, the maine exploded. most of the men on the maine were killed. over 215 men killed that night

in that explosion. he described it as calamitous noise and black smoke and really chaos aboard the maine. the maine went down in havana harbor, and we went to war in april of 18898 with spain and won puerto rico, philippines, had control over cuba and so on. the navy established items for next year, and then in 1910, brought up the maine, started to bring up the maine, and in 1912 after taking off all the items, and, certainly, all the sailors that were still on it, then towed it out, and sunk it in a solemn ceremony. a number of the things came to the smithsonian, and it was put

next to george washington, regarded at that time in the early 1900s as a great cymbal of the american nation, and, of course, remember at the time, well, remember the maine was the saying, and so it really precipitated the war. the bugle is a lovely artifact because enresistented. this was at the bottom of the harbor, and it almost looks like, i don't know, something you might dredge up, and sometimes in the imagination, it looks like a type of art work or something, but, really, this is a piece of history. this is a piece of history. with that bugle call, those taps playing, and a war soon, this really takes you right there to that night. >> 101 octobers in american history, the book available here in the gift shop, amazon, bookstores. tie the abouts together for us.

>> well, i was trying to create a narrative of american history, something that would provide any american a way in. you don't have to be a ph.d. in history to understand history. you can be a newcomer too, but i try to tell stories about these objects. i think objects are accessible to us, and you look at an object, say, why was that made? who made it? why did they wear it? why did they use it? how did they come to the smithsonian, why is in it in a case and regarded as important? i think the object is a wonderful and easy way to get to history and understanding it. i try to create a necklace of objects in the smithsonian so people use the book as a tour of the smithsonian and get a sense who we were as americans. >> 101 octobers, name of the book, under secretary of the smithsonian, richard, is the author, and proceeds? >> proceeds go to the smithsonian, so we're grateful,

grateful to the american people for their support of the museums every day, and this book helps us out. >> what's it cost to come into the museum? >> nothing. it costs -- the american people have maintained the smithsonian. it was a gift from an englishman, a great agent of philanthropy, and they believe that he wrote the will in 1826. they believed that the american people in combining a democratic spirit with the idea pursuing knowledge and distributing knowledge among its people, that that was a great recipe for a progressive and humane society. i think he was right. his gift and legacy was the smithsonian, available to 0 million businesses a day, here in washington and new york and online to hundreds of millions

more. we're very proud of keeping that >> with a few weeks left in 2013, many publications are putting out their year end list of notable books. these titles were included in publishers weekly best books of 2013.

>> for an extended list and links to other publications 2013 notable book selections, visit booktv's website, booktv.or booktv.org. >> we are here at the national press club with tim gay. tell us about your new book. >> this was argo before there was argo. and amazing escape sica. american nurses, medics whose plane was forced to crash land and not be held in the winter of 1943. they spent two months plus behind enemy lines and finally

got out thanks to some very witty partisan guerrillas both on the ground collide with the allies and some great work on the part of both u.s. and british intelligence and it took incredible grit and perseverance on the part of the albanians come on the part of the medics and nurses of course, but they all made it out, two different times. they had to dive into the bush h to avoid any patrols. airplane was shot at and hit on the way to the crash landing. account that they were being hidden in, one week into the ordeal was attacked at dawn-at peace. -- by the nazis. they all got separated and, in fact, three of the 30 americans got so badly separated that they were forced to spend extra two and half months in a farmhouse. they were not finally rescued

until late march of 1944. spent almost four and a half months behind not the lives. but an absolutely amazing story. the reason we don't know more about it is because the partisan guerrillas were communists, and he got cut up in cold war intrigue. the roosevelt administration and churchill's government were loathe to get stalin and his acolytes in the balkans too much credit during the war. and, of course, after the war it got caught up in all of the anti-soviet cold war rivalry. so it's an amazing story, and i was honored to help bring it to light. >> how did you find the information to get you started? >> my previous world war ii book was called assignment to help, about five great u.s. war correspondents, one of whom was the ap columnist hal boyle.

he was stationed in italy in early 1944 and was called off the front like to cover the dramatic return across the adriatic sea from albania of the nurses and medics. he wrote a beautiful piece, actually several articles about the whole ordeal, but sensors sat on the story it was so sensitive for six weeks before they finally allowed it to be released to u.s. papers and radio stations. but also a stunning. all 30 young americans made it more or less without a scratch. 13 of them were female nurses. 13 very young male medics and four admin. >> why do you think it is that we keep discovering more information about world war ii? the farther away we seem to get from it. >> yeah, it's amazing. you think at this point just about every story would be told. it was so a man's, thought in so

many theaters, they are just now some of these stories are coming to light. i'm fortunate because i live in washington and i have access to the national archives which has a lot of the military records that was so important in pulling this story together. i also had the chance to go to london and work at the national archives, and they have incredible information about the british intelligence service and the amazing heroes who are part of this rescue saga. >> did you talk to any i guess survivors? >> there is one survivor. he is 91, lives in an assisted living home in bedford oregon. wonderful man. he spent several hours with me over the telephone, just a terrific -- and, of course, the kids and grandkids of all the survivors want very much for the story to be told.

they could not have been better. really fun to work with and a lot of them had wonderful old photographs and different mementos that have been kept in the attic or down in the basement for years, and they were thrilled to pull them out. >> do you have your next project lined up? >> i think i would like to stay with world war ii but we will see what happens. happens. >> thanks for your time. >> thank you. >> visit booktv.org to watch any of the programs you see here online. type the author or book title in the search bar on the upper left side of the page and click search. you can share anything you see on booktv.org easily by clicking share in the upper left side of the page and selecting the format. of tv streams live online for 48 hours every weekend with the top nonfiction books and authors. booktv.org. >> with a few weeks left in 2013, many publications are putting out their year in list

of notable books. these titles were included in the "chicago tribune" last books of 2013. -- best books of 2013.

for an extended list and links of various other publications, 2013 notable book selections visit booktv's website, booktv.org your. >> welcome to dayton on booktv. with the help of our time warner cable partners, for the next hour we'll explore the history and literary scene of this ohio city of about 140,000. home to the wright-patterson air force base, it's also the hometown of aviation pioneers wilbur and/or all right.

we will learn more about the wright brothers and take a look at the life and writings of dayton native erma bombeck and we will explore the american library at the university of dayton. we begin our special look with a trip to the paul laurence dunbar home with his acclaimed 19th century writer lived and wrote some of his most noteworthy works. >> and joy seemed sweeter when care comes after, and a moan is the finest of foils for laughter. and that is life. >> welcome to the paul lawrence dunbar library. he was a gift to his people. born in 1872, who came through so much of, difficulty and managed to rise to such great

height and be an inspiration to all americans. he was a writer. he wrote every form of the language and wrote it well. he was a speaker. he was the first person in his family born in freedom. both of his parents were ex-slaves. so he became a voice for his people. he did so by writing about human dignity. he actually wrote most of his work focused on the dignity of all people, and in particular the humanity of the black man in america. dayton has always been important to paul, and paul has always been a beautiful adjunct to the possibilities in dayton. because paul lived in eight

locations before he purchased his home for his mother. he managed to travel, and he was like a sponge. he pulled and ideas. he never went to college because he started writing, and he learned very early in life to absorb from his environment, to absorb from his contacts, to learn and to grow. we are standing in the paul laurence dunbar -- a term that dunbar learned while he was in england. and when he returned from england, he situated his study in a similar fashion that he created for himself. it's a place to love. this is where he would set in his chair and recline and rest

his eyes. sometimes putting a blanket over him. dunbar enjoys is a david. he always kept a cover on it, and he would cover himself. he could later and look out at the world passing beneath him. he enjoyed his desk. it was at his desk that he kept all the important references. although his treasure was this particular bookcase. dunbar kept his books here, although he has so many books around his walls. he had collected all of the contemporary african-american writers of his times. and he had a collection of the classics. that would rival any library collection. he kept pictures of his friends,

because friends were, all of his friends were renew -- were new to pictures. photography was a new and recent attainment, and he enjoyed exchanging pictures and getting pictures. dunbar wrote many books, and he wrote them by compiling his thoughts, collectively, from time to time. and many of his books are outstanding, but the two rarest books of his our oak and ip, and majors and minors. something interesting, oaken id was his first publication. it captured the musical tone and the rhythm of black expression. at the time. and remember, he was capturing a people who have been captured and not allowed to speak the native language but who had to adjust to a new language and if

they adapted it, it became known as dialect. and it is beautiful, and dunbar recognize the beauty and the world did not get it. so he said, well okay, my second book, and this is a first edition, "majors and minors." this book includes dialectical passages as well as passages in standard english. those first two books of dunbar are his rarest because only 500 copies of "oak and ivy" were ever circulated. and i don't know how many -- there were reprints of "majors and minors," but increasingly they, too, are very difficult to find. we are now walking into paul's bedroom. palls remington typewriter was probably his most valued literary tool.

it was on this little machine that he typed all of his correspondence and works yet to be published. he spent many, many hours, day and night. he worked unceasingly. he developed the header and we get back and forth at night without interfering with his mother's rest. she had the other end of the hall for her movement through the night. but his remington typewriter was his prize and joy of his life. we are standing in the family parlor. dunbar's books were so expressive of the times. his level of development, and

his imagination. he wrote about -- black people could not read when he first started writing his novel. and as a result, he knew he was driving primarily to a wide audience. so he developed a plot so that this young man just encountered more and more difficulty trying to spread the word of the gospel to the point that he walks away in failure, and decides to move on to cincinnati. that particular novel was not very highly rated by the critics, but his best novel was his sport of the gods. the english publication was entitled the chest of fate, and it's the story of a black family having difficulty and then fleeing the difficulty in the south. they moved north and then there

can't into the jaws of gentle living and being persons with their southern standards, really fall victim to the many surprises of life in new york. dunbar had a message with the simplicity and the beauty and the values that the black family had known were so basic, and particularly in the south. and unless you had seen the struggle of the north in the black ghetto, you are not even aware of those kind of entrapments being in the world today. and dunbar learned of those entrapments, and he wrote about them. paul contracted tuberculosis.

he died at age 33. and the interesting thing about his death, he would recite the 23rd psalm in his mother's arms downstairs on that day bed. he got to the line, i walk through the valley and shadow of, his eyes closed on the word death and that is how he died. >> dayton, ohio, is known as the birthplace of aviation because it was the hometown of the inventors of flight, the wright brothers. the city now houses the national newseum of united states air force, the world's largest and oldest military aviation newseum. booktv recently visited dayton with help of our local partner time warner cable to bring you some of the cities local literary and historic culture. >> today we're in the archives

at wright state university in dayton, ohio. the special collections and archives to partner with the wright brothers collection lives. it has a really great home here at wright state university. from our name, wright state university, you can tell we are named for wilbur and orville wright, and the university carries on that inventive and creative spirit of the wright brothers. so they're appropriate for their manuscript and trails and photographs to be right here. there's power in the story of all of this invention and creativity and that carries over to why the collections at wright state, we like to think we're carrying on the legacy of the wright brothers an innovative and creative spirit. the wright brothers collection at wright state, we have the wright brothers record -- report card of what he did at school. here we've got a few report card of wilbur and he was quite a good student actually.

in algebra he's getting in the '80s and '90s most of the time. so he was a pretty good student. he went to central high school in dayton and also richmond high school in indiana. so the report cards really let us know what they were studying in school and what their foundation was for the future experiments. we also have or false report card which are not mrs. are as good as wilbur's iq is not as good a student, this one is from central high school in dayton. orval has got a 75 in algebra, which might think is a low score for somebody who's going to go on and indent the airplane, but orval was really inquisitive. he just didn't like the organized classroom. so report cards, lots of fun to look at. our young visitors will enjoy looking at these learning about what wilbur -- what wilbur and orval were studying at school. once they got out of high school

they get into the printing business. this is an actual newspaper the wright brothers and. it's the westside news. this was a committed newspaper or will write is listed as the publisher and this one wilbur would add his name to it and be listed as an editor as well. lots of neighborhood stories about the hawthorne street area that you lived in about the businesses that were there, things are going on in the neighborhood. one of the really interesting things we have in the collection is this photograph album here this was put together by a reporter for the new york herald, and he took lots of photographs of orville flying in virginia in 1908 and 1909 when orville was trying to sell the airplane to the u.s. army signal corps. it includes newspaper clippings and original photographs documenting all the flights down at fort myer, virginia.

it includes lots of photographs of the crash that orville was in that killed the lieutenant. the first aircraft accident victim. when orville had that crush, his sister left her teaching job in dayton and went to fort myer, virginia, to nurse him back to health and be by his side. and i have a letter i want to read a little bit out of. this letter was written like catherine from the post hospital at fort myer. this is a timber 22nd, 1908. just like to tell you i've been at the fort all night and get a good night. it is now about half past four. i'm going home to bed about six. sunday night he was mr. blitch uncomfortable and i stayed to see what i could do to help him. another item that we have in the collection is this item. this is the original contract that the wright brothers assigned with the u.s. army signal corps for the sale of the

first airplane. the specifications that the signal corps wanted to come it's only two pages long, much shorter than a contract today. if you look at the original contract itself, you can see that it was for one heavier than air flying machine, and the purchase price was $25,000. and the wright brothers received more money the faster they flew, the higher they flew, the more weight they carried as far as passengers and their speed. and it is signed wright brothers by orville right. they shared everything. they took credit for everything together. it was a joint project, a partnership. as the wright brothers went on integrated traveled a lot to sell the airplane and they went to france first. wilbert spent almost all of 1908 in france damaging the airplane and then into 1909. this particular problem is the aero club of america album put together by mrs. leon -- she

gave wilbur and his factory in france to construct the airplane and fly locally at the local racetrack. so this album is full of amazing photographs, amazing pictures of a lot of the crowds that came to see wilbur fly. you can see the women in the hats and fancy dresses, and children and bicycles and carriages and so forth. a great photo album. one of the real treasures of the collection is this, of course. this is an original print of the first powered flight. this was printed from the glass plate negative from the wright brothers camera. they had a local life-saving man at the life-saving station take this image. when they were attempting this flight on december 17. and the life-saving station person was told to squeeze the bulb on the camera if the plane

lifted off, and he did that but when it asked him if he the shot later he wasn't sure. he was so excited. the brothers didn't know if this picture came out until they got back to dayton. this is where they developed a glass plate. something that goes along with that is this item. this is a diary that their father kept. their father was bishop and nelson right, and he kept a diary from 1857 until 1917 when he died. and he recorded all of his family's comings and goings and accomplishments in things they were doing and things he was doing. this particular diary is from 1903. nelson, their father, he just received a telegram from orville and wilbur saying they had success. and three records that telegram in the diary, and he says in the afternoon about 5:30 p.m. we received the following telegram from orville.

dated from kitty hawk, north carolina. success, for flights thursday morning. all of them with a 21-mile wind. started from level with engine power alone. average speed through the air 31 miles. longest, 59 seconds. home christmas, orville. so they have done this amazing thing that they were going to be home for christmas. that's one of the key things to remember is that family was still important in the middle of all of this experimenting and travel. another thing i always like to share is this photo album. this is from 1911. orville goes back to the hot north carolina -- kitty hawk, north carolina. he takes along with them and his son who was known as buster. they go back to kitty hawk in 1911 to do some gliding experiments. this is one my favorite pictures from this album and it shows them all three in a boat.

orville it's been his usual suit with his vest and coat. looks like he of long underwear on because it's probably pretty cold down there that you. is that like all rolled up. he sitting on the side of the boat and he has a big floppy hat on. it shows the human side of orville and his brother fishing. something else i want to show you is this particular album. this is the aero club of american album and was present on the occasion of the awarding of the medal at the white house in june of 1909. this particular album contains lots of congratulatory letters, things like that. here's a letter from president william howard taft to the wright brothers in honor of their accomplishment. also is a photograph of the wright brothers at the white

house with william howard taft. their sister is within. ththat are these dignitaries frm the aero club of america with their original signatures here, and this is william howard taft at the white house, and juicy wilbur and orville and catherine and other members of the aero club. but president taft signed is for ms. catherine way, with best wishes from william howard taft. her signatures on the back of the photographic the last thing i want to show you, very special, is another diary of their father. this diary is from 1912, and in this diary nelson is recording the death of wilbur from typhoid fever. wilbert was only 45 when he contracted typhoid and passed away in the middle of the patent fight. they were still conducting business and running the right

company. so this is a tragedy for orville and the family. and he says this morning at 3:15 a.m. wilbur passed away, 45 years, one month and 14 days. a short life full of consequence and unfailing intellect, great self-reliance and great modesty, pursuing it steadily, he lived and died. many calls, many telegrams. this was on thursday, may 30, 1912. very formal, emotional tribute to his son. a few days later he writes with a lot of shake your hand, wilbur is dead and buried. we are all stricken. it does not seem possible that he is gone. probably orville and catherine field has lost the most. they say little. i think that diary entry really demonstrates how this is a story of an entire family who went through a lot of different things in their lives, not just printing business and bicycles

and flight, but a lot of tragedy and emotion in family ties. and just a lot of interesting things that teach us something about what life was like early in the 20th century. >> next from dayton, ohio, "7 events that made america america" from author larry schweikart. >> "7 events that made america america," it is not the seven most important things in american history but it's rather seven periods or events that i thought were critical to understanding the character of america, what has really made us into the people we are. i thought the first chapter which is i thought somewhat boring, it's the history of the two political parties came into being under martin van buren's system. and that was the one that seemed to provoke the most interest of all. i kind of thought eisenhower's

heart attack would be the most interesting. >> why did in invoke most of the interest? >> van buren agreed something called -- he creates a whole new political party called the democratic party. and the goal is to keep people from talking about slavery at all. the way you're going to do that is by rewarding them with jobs. jobs in the party, jobs in state government, jobs and the federal government. all you have to do is be quiet about slavery. you don't talk about slavery. and it worked for a while but it worked for almost 40 years. but it also contains its own destruction. so for his idea to work, the central government, federal government has to stay small. the states have to remain powerful. number one. second, the federal government from the presidency has to be under the control of what i call

and other historians call in northern and southern principles, that people understand that by the 1820s you are not going to be elected slaveholders from the deep south as president. it's going to be very hard to elect abolitionists from the northeast. so you have to northern men who appear to be moderate and they're going to leave slavery alone but they are from the north. so northerners are comfortable voting for them and slaveholders are comfortable. the dred scott decision is treated as a decision about slavery, which it was and that's its primary cause. what i wanted to do in the chapter was to show that first of all, it was the panic of 1857 is a direct result of the scott decision. what happens is that all the railroads that are being built across nebraska, kansas, all out in the territories, are being built under the notion of popular sovereignty which went into the kansas-nebraska act. that is, people will choose

whether it's free or slave. dred scott totally undermines that, those are completely -- complete overthrows the missouri compromise. what businessmen saw was we're going to get kansas. we're going to get john brown's running around killing slave owners, pro-slave guys burning down free towns but it's going to be chaos, bloodshed, and that's not good for business. i tell my students think about building a brand-new business in downtown beirut. it's not someplace people think is a good place to build a business. the result was that the railroad bonds running east and west crashed. the east west crash, that took down the banks with them which then brings on the panic of 1857. and as a corollary, because the southern banking system surprisingly was very strong. it had branch banks when the north did not.

the south is relatively unaffected, and the southerners take the wrong message from that and they say, cotton is king. nobody will make war in king cotton. we can leave the union without any serious ramifications. johnstown had this massive flood. and how did they respond? that asked the federal government for aid? no. did ask the state of pennsylvania for a? no. they tell the state of pennsylvania, keep the militia out. we don't need them. we will handle this. they deputized 70 guys. no looting, no pillaging, and supplies are arriving within 24 hours from volunteers. and it's a remarkable how quickly they rebuilt without any federal support and with very little state support. same thing happens in dayton. we have a very big flood in 1913 here in dayton. national cash register, mr. patterson's company, he

immediately tells his employees, we are not making cash registers. we are making boats and they build 90 of the small boats and start sending throughout all of dayton rescue people from rooftops, delivering supplies. he deputized his own to get a force to make sure there's no looting to protect people. this time the national guard does arrive a couple days late, but by that time once again the private sector and the local communities handle it. and i just think compared to the dependency mentality that we saw in katrina, isn't that a much better way to go, of self-sufficiency and pull together as security and handle this ourselves? i thought it would be interesting from two points of view. one way or in our culture in a debate about food, the impact of food everything from mayor bloomberg and trying to control what size drinks we drank to taking trans fat out. they were telling us how coffee in dayton were going to give

you. i'm still around. i figured that would appeal to a lot of people, and also there's kind of a nostalgia for the happy days of eisenhower when america was this unprecedented world power. nobody really messed with us, and yet it seemed like everything was all quiet and serene. of course, that's not the case. i figured that with ike, the whole notion that cholesterol is a killer, this would resonate with people especially mayor bloomberg's agenda to eliminate certain types of food. >> was there any particular chapter that you wrote that you learned something? >> i would say the chapter called a steel guitar rocks the iron curtain which is about how rock music helped bring down communism. i was able to reconnection with mark stein, not the author of the keyboard player from for no fudge, to interview all of these rock and rollers, people like

alice cooper and billy joel for the boat. what i learned from them was really amazing about the structure of rock 'n roll that the musical structure itself is a structure of liberation. so if you're in economies country you don't even have to know the lyrics to get the message that rock 'n roll is about freedom. >> this song is that young people living in the northeast. >> lives are miserable because steel factories are closing. >> there are countless stories. billy joel told me when he played russia, i said, did they send you in any way? no. they let me play whatever i wanted. now realize this is the first american musician to play russian since 1964 but quite another. he said, they let me play whatever i wanted but they said

whatever you do, did not have the kids come to the front of the auditorium. ♪ ♪ >> they were very much indeed sitting in their seats. and he said that the police did not have fire arms, that they had tranquilizer darts and tranquilizer guns. they were afraid the kids would go nuts. so billy joel said you know what happened to? you call them down to the front immediately. he said yeah, they all came down. the soldiers were throwing their hats in the air. so i thought that was cool. >> what's the biggest mistake ronald reagan made? >> his biggest mistake was putting our troops into lebanon as peacekeepers. i think we've learned that peacekeepers are a little more than targets. and less in the research now bears this out, unless is

already a negotiated settlement by both sides and both sides want to keep the peace. but if it's just a matter of a guy standing between two sumo wrestlers, trying to do that, it's not going to work. our guys paid the ultimate price. the second race mistake was in pulling them out. because osama bin laden recently made reference to the two explosions and he was talking, this is in the '80s and early '90s, he was talking about the marine barracks in the french paratroopers. and how the west would be bloodied into backing off and giving al qaeda what it wanted. reagan for all his great strengths really messed the rise of militant islam your it's clear he didn't get it, that it was a distinct animal until about 86 or 87. but you do see a shift in reagan's attitude. after about 86 or 87, we are dealing with something -- this

is not just state power terrorism to achieve the ends of one state. this is a religious ideology. i figured many people would immediately think i was talking about barry goldwater. on the right, ther mary so terr, which was his name. the holiday was after he made his speech, chris matthews said oh, you gave me a chill up my late. the point of the chapter is the news media since about 1990 has drifted heavily heavily towards the left. i don't really think that this is too much a matter of debate anymore. statistically proven. there've been numerous studies suggesting this is the case. and get i think there is a danger there. we've been warned about this just last week. "the new york times" has not done obama any favors are

protecting him. our system is designed for the media to be an attack dog on all presidents get a watchdog, a guard against excessive government power and especially presidential power. i think that has been missing for the last five years. and you could see it coming with how they were treating him in the election. >> if you had to make a chapter number eight, what would it be? >> it might have to do with addressing how academia has gone so far to the left. in all departments except engineering and business. because that's the question when i make speeches, the two questions i get asked the most. why is the media so far left? y. a report so far to the left? i don't have a good answer and i think that would be something worth researching.

>> nine u.s. presidents have spoken at beijing's old courthouse i do as president or during the presidential campaign. booktv recently visited dayton, ohio, with the help of time warner cable, our local partner to bring you more into the city's history and literary culture. >> we are u at the first floor f university of dayton school of law here in dayton, ohio. we're in the head courtroom. i wrote the book because i had done some earlier research on the impact of social media on jurors. and i was amazed at how much social media had influenced your behavior. so it got me thinking, are there other areas in criminal law that social media has had this type of influence? when isis osha made untargeted youtube, linked in, facebook, foursquare. i'm talking generally things that are online with all the committees and our youth agreed.

that will come with a lot of different platforms. to ban somebody from the, there's a high risk you'll violate the constitutional rights. >> talk to me about how things were before social media and like the process of how things have changed. >> i think it's been very incremental, the changes with respect to technology. if you go way back when the telephone was first, it mainstream, the united states supreme court found it constitutional for law enforcement to actually intercept phone calls. i know that may surprise a lot of people today, but the our notions of privacy were very special in nature. so that their ideas of when the fourth amendment, the fourth on protection from unlawful search and seizure, when it applies if you look at it with respect to a applying to your house or person

is difficult for the supreme court justice in the 1920s to apply this idea of privacy to the airwaves or two telephone conversations. so in the 1920s, law enforcement could intercept phone calls as long as they didn't go into hous house and d. they could go outside house and they could listen in on your phone conversations. it took some 40 years into the 1960s to realize that is an invasion of your privacy, it violation of the fourth amendment rights. fast-forward to today, the issue before the supreme court is whether or not upon arrest, can they search your smartphone. now as technology has advanced, the concern here in the state of ohio, the ohio supreme court says they cannot search your smartphone. upon arrest you can't charge someone smartphone because smartphones, they have a privacy interest. if you want to do that you must get a warrant to state what you want to search that smartphone. other parts of the country, out

west, they allow police upon arrest to search a smartphone. >> sometimes the jurors are asked to be removed from the courtroom. are they told not to use their phone? >> there are numerous examples of folks actually holding polls on social media asking their friends to tell them how they should vote on a specific criminal case. it is a big problem in the court system right now. they are struggling with ways to have to grapple, how to address this issue of jurors going online and even communicating with someone about the case or researching the case. i don't think it's necessarily going to get better, unless the court takes a more drastic measures with respect to jurors. because as jurors, as we get younger and younger, and younger than me, younger jurors in the

jury box they are even more connected to social media. it's more natural for them to turn to social media. so they give them, to tell them to go eight hours without checking facebook, without communicate with others, it's a very difficult task. >> what are the judges feelings about social media and how it challengechallenge s the courtroom speak with the big thing is this idea of education. all evidence submitted in trial must be authenticated. so the difficulty here is that if you want to introduce evidence on a facebook page of someone, all right, the first initial step is you have to prove that a facebook page belong to the person and the person actually wrote what's on the facebook page. >> have there been several trials that have been affected by social media? >> numerous trials have been overturned. in arkansas, a death penalty case was overturned by the supreme court because a juror

would not stop tweeting. he continued to tweak even though they instructed, the judge instructed him not to tweet about the case. he continued to talk about it and ultimately it led to the overturn of this person's death sentence. >> where are we headed? >> the next step based on the individual players, so i think it kind of various. for example, what i've seen with respect to criminal defendants, what i think is really working its way up his was not you can ban somebody from social media. so, for example, you see this with sex offenders. with sex offenders many states have passed laws banning them from social media goes back to this point, why are we banning sex offenders from social media? did we ban sex offenders from receiving mail? and we ban sex offenders from watching tv? do we ban sex offenders from talking on the telephone? what is unique about social media that we feel we need to

ban a certain class of criminal offenders? is there something about social media? many folks believe yes. the problem though is that that's really going pashtun runs against someone's first amendment constitutional rights. so a big interesting see how they deal with that are that's just criminal defendants. for law enforcement, what can law enforcement do? i've seen them more and more using social media to interact with the community. so maybe law enforcement walks the beat in the neighborhood in order to understand what's going on to get a pulse of the committee to build up relationships, now people are seeing more and more of their time online. you see law enforcement agencies creating their own social media youth -- ya people doing nothing but patrol social media. they do that to interact with individuals on social media and also to look for crying.

defendants are using social media to commit crimes. they are using social need to talk about crimes and also to plan criminal activity. you see the increased presence of law enforcement on social media. if you were a victim of crime, you didn't have a voice. i guess that's one thing i will say social media does for law enforcement, attorneys, and for victims. it gives them a voice. generally you've had a voice if you have immediate behind you begin needed the media to disseminate your message but with social media can disseminate their own message. i think that's half the battle, especially with respect to those digital immigrants, those people who immigrated to the internet, is education, to let them know what people are doing on social media and what steps they can take to be better informed.

>> dayton, ohio, is home to more than 16,000 acres of our briefings, gardens, farms, erskine lakes rivers entrails. next, learn about three tourist destinations in ohio's amish country. >> in plain city, ohio. in my book i write about walnut creek ohio which is in the largest amish settlement in the world. so by book is focused on amish tourism in that settlement. when we refer to the amish were referring to a really diverse social group. you are, in ohio, there are eight different groups of amish just in the one settlement. and they ranged quite significantly in their practices. they range everything from -- the group that is named after someone who helped them break off from the left, a less

conservative. the amish are very traditional. they are very tradition minded. they try very hard not to change. they are pretty restrictive with their members. the largest group in the united states, the old order amish. when you think of amish chances are you're thinking of the old order amish. they are very tradition minded as well but not as much as the others. there's not a new new order amish in ohio who -- i don't know much about them. they are pretty new but they would have sunday school, for example, old order amish would not have sunday school after. there's another group who most amish which they are not really amish. the more conservative groups, more tradition minded groups have a high rate of retention among the young people an in the more liberal groups. on average amish retained about

85% of their youth as they move right into adulthood. all amish groups are growing on the whole. the amish double the population about every 18-20 years. i think the amish really landed a kind of legitimacy for the idea that, you know, you don't have to be that fast all the time. like it, there are people who manage to be slower. people who do get around on bikes, on foot. and in a buggy. that go more than 50 miles an hour. that it's not causing a lot of times americans feel like there's no escape from speed your but the ominous will suggest that there is. -- the amish will suggest there is. just being near the amish are getting stuck behind a buggy is a very powerful experience. wow, what would it be fight to move this slowly? i think that contemporary

americans are experiencing a good dash neck are experiencing significance and anxiety about things that got away. our relationship to time is a different now than it was even a half-century ago. and certainly a century ago. ..

is it meaningful in any kind of

way? or is it just consumer culture has colonized the homage, to? not surprising he was more complicated than i first thought. yes i'm the one hand you do have these sightings are these environments created for amish tourism. in the ohio settlement, the three times i looked at our esteemed. one very self-consciously as a swiss theme. walnut creek is a victorian theme. on the third time i looked at has a frontier scene. they produced is by way of architecture, and your decor, the merchandise they sell, that sort of thing. so it can seem like what does that have to do with the amish? does that really connect with you? for interior, the amish are pioneered, what is up with?

admin they thought well, true. when you look more closely at what is offered in those towns, i think there are connections actually. so in this restaurant where we are, one of her connections i was important was in some ways this is obvious with food. it might be victorian or whatever. it is connect due to the kind of food they like to cook any week roasted chicken, mashed potatoes, dressing, chicken and noodles. those are staples for amish culture. even more than that, it is that this guy refer to it as this notion of slow food, the food visitors encounter is slow food, food that takes time to produce.

the attachment and not in a thoroughly industrial manner. the conversation i had with some amish men. some friends and i had attended a worship service. we had a meal with time that we were sitting out by. i asked them, what do you think of tourism? what i expected them to say if it's so irritating or they ask me the dumbest questions. whatever, that kind of stuff. that wasn't the response at all. i was really taken aback here the response was very sympathetic to the experience of mainstream americans that they really feel bad for the way they have to that this terribly rushed life. they're always in a hurry and

anxiety and they talk about how fortunate they feel soother this fortunate life. they talked about feeling like tourism is an opportunity for them to witness, to provide a christian witness to the rest of the world feels like it's complicated. of course tourism has been huge. the allies have been the last 40 years have done kreegel if it was amish scholar talk about it as their industrial revolution. so what happened is because the amish have reproduced very quickly, the population has grown very quick to and they live in areas where land is very desirable. they're really good at picking the farmland. but because of tourism, there's a lot of pressure on land, where they have their larger settlements, which means it's

very difficult for their children to purchase farmland. but this has meant is over the last several decades, that used to be the case that the majority of amish were farmers and not like 15% or something like that. it's a dramatic change. so the big question has been, how will they live? how they support themselves without being farmers? one of the answers has been tourism has been significant answer. so in those areas they had amish furniture would mean they had lumberyard and furniture shops. i'll be enough in our consumer culture, even the culture that seems to be over determined by marketing unadvertised mean in the pitch for you to buy some thing, that we can still find meaningful human interaction. we can still learn something about ourselves.

>> on to the university of dayton, sinclair community college, dayton ohio has historically been the site or many patents and inventions since the 1870s. the university of dayton also host what is recognized as the largest and most comprehensive theological collection of printed materials on mary. >> the marian library at the university of dayton, founder my brother john albert in 1943. bareness university is run by brothers and priests, was founded in 1850. 1943 in the 1940s was a flowering of marian devotion. many marian materials. yet, these materials needed some type of a scholarly foundation

and that was one of the reasons for founding the marian library 1943. the good devotion to the blessed virgin mary requires a good solid foundation in scripture and theology and teachings of the catholic church. the type of book we have our devotional books. there is one type, which is known as the little office of the blessed virgin area. if it's not dedication of the large office, the liturgical office on by the monks had seven times of the day in which one recited certain psalms. we have the famous books of hours in the 14th or 15th century. in the 16th century we have the development of the little office of the blessed virgin mary based on the same pattern. one of the interesting things is that is a liturgical book and has a table of movable feast. in this little office of the blessed virgin mary, which was printed in 22, we have the

movable easter and pentecost. the carpenter gets from 1622 until 1644. another book we have here is a book from 1640. it's especially the illustrations that are interesting in here. it's the book from the seraphic capuchins. mostly the illustrations of the potentials and significant people in the order. for instance, we have brother john and he was the prevention of milan province. and then continuing on to have brother lawrence, something about some of the artwork we have, 19th century devotional materials. gillian slater, are they buried markowitz. >> these were popular in france in the 19th century. they basically brightly colored

friends that are unpopular topics. these when passing the litany of the blessed virgin and also bathymetry of the blessed virgin mary. we have a relic from the coffin of saint brother conrad. this is a piece of wood slipped into the back of the handmade roach from france in the turn-of-the-century. we also have a very old holy card here. this is from antwerp in the 18th century and it's a copperplate print and his hand colored. it's as madonna and child. this is work in the lease them a hazel tree in the garden of the visitation. next, my colleague dr. jason bourgeois will talk about some of the earliest books in the

marian library connections. >> here's what i do to show you from the rare book collection. the earliest book we have is the eliminated manuscript before the printing press, manuscripts were the most common type of printed book. primarily done by monks who would hand write each letter and then would usually eliminate some of the letters to provide decoration and bind them together. this is an example of an illuminated manuscript. we have no publication information, but likely was done before the invention of the printing press. it is printed with gold letters in the capitals are eliminated in various colors. we also have a number of books which are printed before 1500 in

which i consider to be especially rare. the earliest printed book we have, this book by father leonardo is a collection of sermons, blessed virgin mary and other liturgical feasts. the sermon for the feast of the visitation contains the earliest printed example of a telling vernacular poetry that exists in publication. this is a book of hours, which were printed for educated laypersons who wanted to share that her devotion for the cab of church and went off to enhance these books created for them, which would contain psalms another devotional prayers, which they could pray in union with the church. this is a combination of the other two types of books that i showed you. it is printed, but it also has these beautiful woodcut engravings along the margins in some of the capitals that her initial letters of sentence is

colored in and eliminated. we have over 6000 rare books. most of them are printed between 151800. i like to share a couple examples of this review, which are in that timeframe. this is a miniature book. it's a very charming piece, one of my favorites. the blessed virgin in latin with devotional prayers in spanish in the back and also containing beautiful engravings by the devotion of the person who is reading it in charming velvet corduroy. besides their especially interesting. this book we acquire just recently. it was printed in mexico and contains sermons and one of the native languages of mexico. including sermons about the

operation of our lady of guadalupe day, which essential devotion and catholic mexico. people have a variety of reasons for coming to the marian library. some come to find books which are not anywhere in the world are richer difficult to find in one collection. others come for the artwork to experience piety or devotion. >> time warner cable, but tv recent they visited dayton ohio to bring literary culture. it is relatively diverse as close part of many to the population hubs. >> he knew that from one.

i told him i didn't have it time because i worked a part-time job. go home and do something for the exponent from a magazine at the university of dayton at the time. so he said wait until the great critic comments on them. he saw me one day outside of the cafeteria. he said three words to me. this will sustain you for the rest of my life. he said, you can write. >> my brother tom price said the famous words to her, you can write. but that was kind of like opening the dnc to speed. worse just came out. she wrote for the local papers. she wrote for the local times, the dayton daily herald. she wrote for a lot of neighborhood groups. she wrote every chance she

could. her work are caught on by the national world and it went syndicated into 900 areas. she had to do it i think. it was just too she was. once she got that initial encouragement for brother price, she was on the racetrack. someone was from dayton, from the dayton area. she was born in the team 1927 and spent most of her life in the area. she was just a phenomenon unto itself. there's never been anyone quiet lake erma. she was known to everybody. someone was everybody's friend. they did me much because she laid her life out for everybody to see. she told us about what life was

like in suburbia for women in the 1960s through the 1990s. she wrote mainly humor. it is humor that is accessible to everyone because it was humor that happened in everybody's lives. they might not recognize that until they saw it written on the page or in a newspaper column. because funny things happen to us all the time, but we have to be out on the lookout for them. she was the one that focused her attention on the funny things that happened in the family, things that at the moment seem like craziness and driving you nuts. but when you look back, you think that was really funny. by having somebody point out what was happening in your feeling, but was cut mean in her family gave women permission to

smile more at their kids, to laugh at what they are doing, to realize those moments will come and pass and what will be left behind with the wonderful memories of their childhood. that's a real gift. that's a literary gift. they make us all more appreciative of their lives in the people who peopled our lives, especially the little bitty ones that can drive you crazy. or with her viewpoint, you saw the charming your kids. she was just a wonderful asset to our community. and we knew her so well. you see her in the grocery store. s-sierra church or soccer or soccer games or whatever. she was one of us here in the dayton community. and it made us proud, proud of

her. the fact that she was through canada. she was in 900 newspapers. she was on the "good morning america" show for years. >> open the refrigerator both doors wide. stand there waiting against the second coming. >> she was just in our homes. but that she was probably peeking over our shoulders often times because of their she wrote. that was going on in my house, too. i think it made that are writers of all of us because we found ourselves writing more to our relatives, friends and telling them about the things going on in our family because she gave us permission to laugh at the antics that we saw all around

us. see that women feel valued in their homes because they were doing important work for the culture. not just their own family, but the whole culture in our country. it was never mean-spirited. she never poked fun at other people. she was never crude or rude. i think what she would want is for people to appreciate where they are in any particular moment. if it's in the middle of chaos and your family, find a goodness that is there. she had an interesting quote once when tragedy, when dyer thinks happened. that's when she looked for the humor because that is what will give you strength to get through those moments. i think it's important to realize that we do have within the power of strength.

we just need to call upon an humor is one of those raised to do it.

>> we are talking with james growth at the national book club. >> year is about dozen yanqui

will in their 20s and 30s. he came to washington just before world war i. now that ron dupont circle. they were all friends. they were in and out of each other's eyes for the next two years. and they were franklin roosevelt, eleanor roosevelt, the greatest taper columnists. felix frankfurter. the dulles brothers. most people don't make the connection between all of these people. yet they were very much involved in the league of nations formation, its collapse and ultimately the united nations. it all began right here in dupont circle. >> so did their social interaction kind of start their political relationships? or was it the other way around

quite >> they were what was called progressives. not what we call progress is. these were theodore roosevelt progressives. they came to washington to help them. then it stayed with woodrow wilson and get involved in world war i. and then in and out for the next two years. so there are really wanted more by their political beliefs and in fact they all hung out at one particular house, a boarding house where they stayed up all night and argued politics and cheese curls and danced, did all the things young people do. >> , and more about franklin roosevelt democrat coming to washington to assist teddy roosevelt republican. >> well, he was the exception.

he deliberately became a democrat so people wouldn't mistake him. but he was pretty much indistinguishable in his early political belief. so what is everyone, herbert hoover. nobody thinks of herbert hoover being a progressive. he was the ideal progressive of his time. but cultural story, the political story about friendships. they argued with each other. they chased each other's lives. they smoked in ocelot and they ended up creating the united nations among other things. >> how do they exist each other in their careers? >> for getting jobs for each other. the ones who were in the media

like walter litman, criticize each other. they fought with each other. they broke up, got angry, wouldn't talk for years. so it was a family relationship where you are not really sure if you really like this person. but you've got to. >> were true to this tangle of history? how did you discover the group and decide to write about them as they are with? >> i was working on a biography of allen dulles, cia director. i wanted to know where he began. he began in dupont circle. i thought that odd. his grandfather lived there. he emphatically to gw law

school. so roosevelt of course went on to serve president eisenhower and kennedy. so one of the things the reader has to do is drop our beliefs about democrat. they're eight years of progressivism was about as liberal as you're going to get in the 1920s and 30s. there was a right wing that makes today's tea party look like a bunch of gentle hippies. it is a different time. so that's a hyphenated name was trying to get inside their heads. >> is there anything today commemorating the houses, where

they live? to resolve our some of the faces are? >> we know where they are or were. it still exists and it is street and it's been revamped by current owners. it's going to be a museum. >> thank you very much for your time. >> this was a deliberate move for government to simply and with the controversy. they had plans benazir bhutto because that was always the perspective of the musharraf government. in other words, she was the one to say hello. she was responsible. there is no protection of

policemen were to come pinner her into the reality where she was killed we saw videos, pictures. we interviewed 250 people. so no transformation. no elite force protection. how is the beauty of the government.