and the war of 1812, you worry if anyone will show up. [laughter] except those needing sleep. so palm beach county is filled with more historians per capita than any other place. i can't believe we have such a wonderful and large audience. hopefully at the end of the remarks you will learn something about the war of 1812. my joke, my punchline was always most americans don't even know when the war started, right? [laughter] hopefully you will share some ideas. the war of 1812 in my opinion was one of the most intriguing wars in american history. if not the most intriguing. it was also in the year 1814. i've always said the year of 1814 was possibly the most important year in american history. i'm going to try to make an argument for that today, on right? at the conclusion i will take questions and then after we finished taking -- taping for booktv i will turn that might back off and i will be happy to

stay and answer additional questions or whatever you want to talk about. the "life in the whit war of 18t for two and a half years. we don't call world war ii the war of 1941 to we don't call the civil war the world 1861 but we call it the war of 1812. folks that support it and feel it was a positive thing called america's second war for independence. i think it was that. it's detractors call it an unnecessary war come and they think it was unnecessary. thankfully we haven't had an unnecessary war since then, right? [laughter] i call it the unknown war because no one does anything about it. my favorite president harry truman was characteristically blunt on the war of 1812 treaty, he called it the silliest damn war we ever fought. and they think it was that, too. it was a war that had we won, candidate would have been a

state. and possibly we would have had a huge slave colony in mexico, maybe even cuba. had we lost the war of 1812, we would've become once again a colony of britain. but after all that fighting them all that loss of lives, it wasn't in the end a costly and complicated fight. it was a war that was fought from the great lakes down to the gulf coast. it was fought against the canadiens, the british, american indians. it was fought off the coast of brazil. it was fought in the atlantic and the pacific. it was fought all over england and the madrid but it was a continental wide land war and it was a worldwide naval and economic campaign. a fascinating war. in the end when the peace treaty was signed, the reasons why we have the war were not even a part of the peace treaty. some of the causes of the war were no longer apparent when we

signed a declaration to go to war. folks rather just wanted to rush to war. so how did we get into the war of 1812? there were a lot of causes. with brevity i will list three main causes of the war. number one, impressment. anybody hear of him breast and? good. impressment come with this was was the british would simply pull over, stop an american merchant ship and they would press our sailors into service. they would just go and board and takes years off and say welcome to his majesty's royal navy. why did he do this? a couple of reasons. one of them was this. britain was at war with napoleon, and this was a continental wide war in europe. it was total war. napoleon was hell-bent on dominant europe, and then some. it was total war to the point where if we trade with napoleon

or gave a friendship safe harbor, the british thought it was an act of war. conversely if we trade with the brits and allowed a british ship to dock, the french saw it as an act of war. it was total war. while france possibly have the strongest army on land, easily britain was the mistress of the seas. the british navy was the master of the oceans. here's one of the ideas that britain had. britain fell one of the ways it could when the war was to blockade every port in europe. imagine how ambitious and then blockade ports in the caribbean and north america. therefore, they would deny the french navy the ability to resupply the army, the ability to move the army, men and weapons, the inability to export and, therefore, raise the money to fund the war him and the inability to import items the resources which they needed to fight the war. so the equivalent to the stranglehold.

they launch this huge blockade. if you have a massive blockade, you need a lot of chips. britain won 1000 ships in the navy. can you imagine? 1000 ships means two things. canada becomes very important. you need wood for the ships. with all due respect, england is a relatively small, crowded resource poor island compared to canada. canada's endless forests could build 1000 ships to canada becomes important. secondly, if you that many ships you are going to blockade that many ships company a lot of sailors. and work in a sailors in his majesty's navy. one of the things the brits did, there were a lot of enterprising pub owners. a lot of pub owners didn't just make the money from selling alcohol and food. what they would do at the end of the night, and when they close up shop there would be six guys

passed out drunk. they would load them in wagons, south and to the british navy. they guys would wake up the next day with a cold bucket of salt water in face and something over them saying, welcome to the navy. right? prison populations were forced into. even the fact that britain did not have enough sales, so they stopped american merchant ships and took our sailors. new england fishermen, new england sailors were some of the best in the world and, therefore, that was an attractive prize for the british. can you imagine american communities along the coast, wives and widows, newspapers and politicians, when a ship goes back to port and says the men were taken off, several men were taken off and never heard from again. americans were angered, rightly upset. moreover, another reason the british did this is so many british sailors would jump ship

and join our navy, our merchant fleet or just be an american. why? life aboard a british warship, hard discipline, long tours of duty, short life expectancy, not much they. or you could work for an american merchant ship, good pay, short tours of duty, lacks condition, be a free american and own your own land. so a lot of brits were jumping ship. one such incident happened in 1807, and we came this close to having the war of 1807. here's what happened. free brits, sailors it jumped ship and came into view as other british ship that was at port. not only did they jump ship but it appears they still a captain's rowboat to do that. so the captain wanted his boat and wanted his ship back. the rumor was that they went to work on board the ship the uss

chesapeake your so the british ship is laying anchor waiting for the chesapeake to come out of harbor, and there's another british warship called the hms leopard. perfect name, isn't it? this warship is waiting for our ship. when the chesapeake comes out of port, its deck is filled with supplies and water, and its gun port doors are closed but if you want to fight again judge erodes -- had to raise the gun port doors and the deck was strewn with supplies boost had all the way to the north african coast to fight the barbary high rates -- high rates. so the ship is sailing, the chesapeake and the leopard pulls up beside it. they said that they want to board the chesapeake and both commanded engage in an exchange with what was then called a

trumpet. today we would call it a bullhorn. the american said we're not going to let you board. the british opened fire. when we were at peace. they severely damaged the ship. they killed many men on the ship. then they board our ship and take the suspected brits and no particular, take them off the ship and press them into service. could you imagine the chesapeake limps back into port, damaged, attacked by unprovoked attack by the british with men taken off the deck of the ship. we wanted war. thankfully thomas jefferson knew that the american navy which consisted of a handful of ships was not ready to take on the british navy, and he appealed to come and go ahead. so we came this close to having the war of 1807. second, the indian question. the indian question. back during colonial times, we,

the whites and british, had made a deal that if the engines stop attacking the western frontier, we won't move west of the appalachians. we really honored that treaty, didn't we? and all the rest. by attacking settlers on the west i mean a wild, wild west back in would be pittsburgh, roanoke and cleveland was the hinterlands, right? that was the do. what happened of course as soon as we gain our independence we rushed west. in the early 1800s, it marks the beginning of the end for the american indian. jefferson buys louisiana, the louisiana purchase. doubles the size of the country. even today it's one-third of the land mass of the continental u.s. we rushed west. so in the late 1790s and the 1800s, there's an all out bloodbath on the frontier.

the indians massacring men, women and children among the white settlers. in the late 1700s, it was something called the battle of fallen timbers, 1797, i'm sorry. 1797. has anyone heard of that battle? one. good. we'll learn something new. there was a chief whose name was little turtle. not a very intimidating name, right? he probably had a name for your to complex. chief little turtle. so chief little turtle organizes a large confederation and the purpose is they're going to attack whites on the frontier. and the american government is rightly concerned that the dispatch a tough rubbish a guide named general mad anthony wayne. perfect nickname. he goes in with a vastly superior forces. chief little turtle we believe had about 1000 workers which was a huge army for indians at the time. we had maybe 2650 regulars plus

1000 volunteers plus. before we attacked chief little turtle, we knew that, because he was defending his land, that he and his braves would fight like demons. they were fighting for their homeland. rather than just attack in a conventional way where we would suffer huge casualties, general wayne was a young officer, his name was william henry harrison. remember that name. there is more on him throughout this.

>> tecumseh has this unbelievable idea. he is going to unite indians in a grand confederation. he's going to recruit indian nations from the great lakes to the gulf, along the mississippi,

throughout. now, good luck that. american indian nations have different languages, hundreds and hundreds of years of bad blood, vastly different cultures. how is he going to do this? guess what? he's succeeding in doing this through his charisma, through his vision. and tecumseh is amassing, the battle of fallen timbers was in present-day ohio, now he's in indiana. back then that whole area was called indian territory, thus the name indiana. men, women and children, warriors, they have cattle, dogs, crop, storehouses. he's getting ready for a huge war against the white man. now, around the same time that this is happening throughout the latter 1800, our government assigns the governor of indiana, a guy named william henry harrison, to deal with tecumseh the way that he helped deal with chief little turtle. so harrison has an idea, i think it's an idea george w. bush and

dick cheney had, preemptive war. he's going to hit tecumseh before tecumseh can hit the whites. so he ahases a large army -- amasses a large army, and he marches for tecumseh's headquarters which was in a town called prof stetstown -- prophetstown. right around the time that tecumseh's ready to launch his battle, he says i need to recruit, one more, another group of ferocious warriors, the red sticks, which were in present day alabama, part of the crete nation. they were ferocious. so tecumseh is going to go and get the red sticks and bring them back and start the war. around the time he does that, william henry harrison marches his army to prophetstown. and he camps just outside of prophetstown at a creek called tip a canoe. [laughter] and tyler too. more on that in a moment.

now, when te tecumseh leaves, he left prophetstown in the charge of his young orer brother, the prophet. he's kind of the holy man, the shaman, the mystical leader for the confederation. now, i'm sure tecumseh said to the rough fete what you and i -- prophet what you and i said to our kids the first time we left them home without a babysitter, don't do anything dumb. [laughter] now, the prophet was a ne'er-do-well, basically, a snake oil salesman. he had no status in his village, in his tribe until one day he has a massive seizure. and i'm not sure, and i mean this representfully, if it's epilepsy or good acting. he comes to, and he announces he's returned to life, and he spoke to the great chief in the sky. and now he's filled with magical powers. and he had heard from his brother that there was an eclipse about to occur.

so tecumseh announces that he will bring the heavens together in an eclipse, and it happens. so he has great magic, great power. this helps to bring more end kwan nation -- indian nations to prof tetestown. so tecum that puts the prophet in charge. i'm sure he said don't do anything dumb until i return. he leaves to get the red sticks. right as he leaves, here comes william henry harrison. and what does tecumseh do? he has a big party. they're drinking which will, smoking spirits, having a massive party. and during the party tecumseh -- i mean, the prophet announces that he has another seizure, and he's talked to the great chief in the sky, and he has additional powers. he's imbued now with the power to make all the warriors invisible. i imagine like this, right? make them invisible and to make them, secondly, impervious to the white man's bullets. in the middle of the night in a

drunken, stoned, party stupor, without planning, the prophet charges towards tip a canoe creek and william henry harrison. as they're killing one of sentries, the sentry hangs to get off a shot. william henry harrison's army lines up, and it's like shooting fish in a battle. in a matter of minutes, hour, tecumseh's grand indian federation is eye knewlated -- annihilated, done. the prophet lives through the orr keel. -- ordeal. they now know the prophet's magic is ec weak, so they leaf and go back to their tribal homes. that's the end of the confederation. l tecumseh returns successful. he comes pack and imagine the scene of devastation. the day after william henry harrison defeats in 1811, defeats the prophet at the battle of tip a canoe, his army

marches in the next day to prophetstown and burns it down. there is a pile of bodies that were burned, dogs are killed, crops are destroyed. they did everything but salt the earth. imagine the scene of devastation when tecumseh returns. years of hard work. he was about to achieve the unachievable and unite all indians against us. our history was close to being radically different. now, with prophetstown destroyed and tecumseh's warriors gone, tecumseh uses that old notion the enemy of my enemy is my friend, he joins the british in canada against the americans during the war. and this is a huge asset for the british are, because tecumseh is amazing. now, tecumseh and a handful of warriors and a british general we'll talk about soon and a handful of soldiers, basically, beat three massive american armies in 1812. three of the biggest upsets in

military history, bar none. that's how good tecumseh is. unfortunately for the american indian, i believe the end of indian self-determination gets another blow in 813, tecumseh is killed. for two decades he had been fighting with william henry harrison. harrison as governor of indiana would invite chiefs, give them alcohol and swindle them out of lands, but not tecumseh. tecumseh says no one indian can give away our land. they're all our lands, we will have war. so harrison and tecumseh have been locking horns for two decades. tecumseh dies in the battle of thames as in the river in london, just across the border in canada. the british with maybe 800 and tecumseh and some warriors are on the run. william henry harrison is pursuing them with an early that

with runs 5-6,000. tecumseh falls to the rear of the british army and he burns bridges, cuts down trees, harasses the americans to slow them down, but by the time they reach the town of thames it's apparent that harrison catch the british and annihilate them. the british line up with the canadians and the indians for one last stand. the british either run and flee, or they lay their guns down and surrender, but tecumseh's going to stand his ground. he stands his ground and is killed. for two decades tecumseh had locked horns with harrison, and he had cursed william henry harrison. it's said that tecumseh cursed harrison when he was killed. he said that harrison will die at the height of his power. and every american two decades the time that they fought one another, every two decades thereafter every american leader will die. now, you've all heard of month

zuma's revenge, which is pretty bad. you ready for this? william henry harrison gets elected in 1840, our first whig president. e gets elected based on a little ditty, a little song, tip a canoe and tyler too. he was the hero of the tip a canoe battle and tyler is his vice president. now, in 1840 tip a canoe gets elected, and they make harrison -- and i know this is vising, but campaign gurus can make candidates out to be better than they are? [laughter] okay, work with me. they make him out to be half george washington, he was 6-2 plus, right? half andrew jackson. someone who would be trig spirits with one hand -- drinking spirits with one hand and fighting bears with the other. almost like a davy crockett song, right? anyways, the country is duped by this, and they reelect william

henry harrison. when harrison shows up for his inaugural, he's a small, frail, older, sick guy. and the country has buyer's remorse. he wants to show everyone he's not too frail and old. he gives one of if not the hongest inaugural address in history, nearly two hours. it took kennedy, lincoln and washington less than 15 minutes. a whopper. but he's going to do his speech without his jacket, his scarf, his hat to show he's not too frail. i'm sure his mother was going my son, the president, he doesn't listen to me, right? oy. right? [laughter] and he gives a speech without his jacket. he catches pneumonia and dies a month later. as tecumseh cursed him. i don't call harrison old tip a canoe, i call him old natural selection. that's not the end of tecumseh's curse. twenty years with later in 1860

we elect lincoln. five years later lincoln is shot and killed at ford's theater, tecumseh's curse. twenty years after lincoln's elected in 1880 we elect garfield. garfield's a professor, like most of them, he can't handle the stress. he's going to a train depot in washington to vacation at the jersey shore with governor christie -- [laughter] snooki and jwoww, and he's shot and killed in 1881. tecumseh's curse. twenty years later in 1900 we elect william mckinley. shortly thereafter, mckinley's in buffalo and is shot and killed at a world's expo kind of a thing. twenty years after that in 1920 we elect warren j. harding. this is -- g. harding, this is a sharp crowd, from ohio. three years later harding travels cross country and dies of a heart attack in san francisco. twenty years after harding in

1940 we elect fdr. april 12, '45, fdr dies in the warm springs, georgia. twenty years later in 1960 we elect john kennedy. that's, '63, right? i saws -- assassinated. twenty years after kennedy, 1980, we elect ronald reagan. he's shot, the bullet longs next to his heart, but he lives, and he breaks tecumseh's curse. [laughter] pretty good, huh? now, i don't believe -- thank you very much. i'm here all week. try the veal, right? [laughter] so i don't believe that's tecumseh's curse. some people that know about a curse and know about history put this together, and it's one of those things that go out on the internet. my guess is tecumseh's curse of harrison kind of went like this, f-you, harrison. [laughter] so the second cause of war was the understood yang question. we wanted -- indian question. we wanted to annihilate the red

man. not a reservation system, genocide. and the war was an excuse to do that. the third cause of the war, manifest destiny. empire. with seem like james winchester and is aaron burr, right? the first of two vice presidents to shoot someone, right? and aaron burr and winchester, henry clay, john c. calhoun, all these guys had delusions of grandeur and visions of empire. they saw themselves taking canada, taking mexico, taking whatever they wanted. burr thought he would be 'em record of this great territory. and clay and calhoun were the ringleaders in the year 1810 which was a midterm election year. sometimes in midterm election years like the last one, right, there is a big turnover. i hope this year there's a big turnover, right? both parties, both chambers. in 1810 there was a big turnover. that's the good news. a large percentage of congress was defeated. that's the good nudes. the bad news is they were beaten

by these young, rabble-rousing war hawks who wouldn't negotiate, wouldn't compromise, if you could imagine such a thing -- [laughter] and were hell bent on marching to war. henry clay is the ringleader of kentucky, john c. calhoun of south carolina, they were mostly southern war hawks that had come to power. they disrespect their elders, they throw the whole seniority system this a tail spin, and when clay's swan into congress, he's selected as speaker of the house as a freshman. clay has three goals; canada, canada, qanta. they said he sounded like a songbird, canada, canada, canada. clay gives a speech where he says i would seize the entire continent from britain. i wish, quote-unquote, to never see peace until we do. he's hell bent on war. so clay and calhoun and these

rabble-rousing, noncompromising hawks rush us to war. they steamroll president james madison who's a reluctant war president and rush us to war. the war vote in the senate passes 19-13. the first vote was tied 16-16. four members absent, one enroute. talk about a close war vote. the same folks that wanted war then turn around and defeat be every measure to fund the war. no new taxes. they fought a war without funding it, if you can imagine such a thing. they defund the navy, they don't provide adequate uniforms, muskets and supplies for our soldiers. many of the americans that die in canada run out of food or ammunition, and they go to war. now, we plan a three-pronged invasion of canada, a western prong, a central prong and an eastern prong. all three smuggles. the canadian -- smuggles. all of canada contains around 4,500 soldiers.

what's that, one for every hundred miles or something like that? how do can you defend that massive border and expansive wilderness with 4,500 soldiers? it's impossible to even try. moreover, how do you move soldiers through the woods, across rivers, lakes, through indian territory in the winter? you can't. we're going to annihilate the british and the canadians like that. the western prong will cross from detroit in michigan into canada and will be led by general hull, h-u-l-l, in 1812. the central prong will be between lakes ontario and eri, across the eye crag a -- knew rag rah -- niagara river. an eastern prong will come up from new york and cross the st. louis lawrence led by general dearborn. now, he's the problem. all three of these men were a good decade past their prime, all three of them are cowards,

all three of them are inept. we couldn't have picked three worse people to lead them. the three of them don't like or trust one another, the three of them conspire against one another hoping the others fail so they can seize control of everything. so they're at war with one another. consequently, they don't coordinate their their attack. hull marches first from detroit and marches grand early into canada. when he marches into canada, he stops and makes camp, doesn't fire a shot. he spends a long time working on a grand speech or oration. he gets up to a handful of canadians in the frontier and says people of canada, i am here. [laughter] surrender. i mean, it's like bad william shatner on "star trek," right? [laughter] ridiculous. no one does anything. well, in addition to three inept commanders, here's what the british have. they have two weapons, tecumseh and brock. anyone heard of general brock? one of my heroes, one of the

great generals from history. brock, like tecumseh, is big and smart and strong and dashing and courageous. these two guys are amazing. and they lead a small group of british and canadians. wrong described his army as retchedly officered, ill equipped, no supplies. he said he was lucky if half of them were not drunk 24/7. he picks those that aren't drunk and a few of tecumseh's warriors and beats all three invading armies. brock and tecumseh get along like peanut butter and jelly. my 10-year-old daughter, isabella, would say they were bffs, west friends forever -- best friends forever. these guys love one another. i love you man, no, no, i love you man. i love you, man, no, you're the best. they even wore one another's clothes, which is bizarre, isn't it? brock takes off his red sash, and tecumseh wears it as kind of

a headband, turban. tecumseh wears brock's medallion around his neck. brock, over his read uniform, wears tecumseh's sort of a bone chest plate, and these two guys take it to us. hull marches into canada and does nothing. now, they realize we're so ip especially and communication and transportation so primitive, we probably didn't notify all the fomenters we were at war, so brock rushes around throughout the frontier, and they hit every ever fort. they hit a force at mci gnaw, where's my michiganders? best fudge in the world, right? no doubt about that. and that is in the hinter errlands -- hinterlands. you take the space shuttle to canada and then head south. [laughter] it's way out there. when brock and tecumseh take the fort, the quote is war, what war? we didn't even know we were at war. fort after fort after fort tall

to wrong and tecumseh because we're so inept, hull's so inept, he doesn't even notify them. imagine hull day after day in camp when one army after another keep coming back saying we lost our fort to tecumseh. hull bins to panic. begins to panic. then something happens. hull sends out scouts. tecumseh and brock catch the scouts, and this is what they find out. hull had a lifelong phobia, a fear, a reoccurring nightmare, i mean, it's clinical, he was scared to death that he was going to be scalped by indians. so what they do after interrogating the american scouts and reading some of the letters which tecumseh gives to brock, the letters being transported by hull's younger officers, wrong realizes -- brock realizes this, he knows where they are. what they do is they kill a lot of the scouts and then send others back to the camp.

imagine a scout coming back and saying our men were killed and scalped by tecumseh. so hull sends out her scouts. what happens to them? killed, scalped and attacked. hull was in a panic. tecumseh is everywhere. he is a ghost. he's a demon. and he's scalp ping everyone. so hull with this massive army without firing a shot, he panics and marches back to detroit. marcheses back to detroit. he gets in the fort and shuts the doors in the fort and hides. as soon as he gets into the fort, they look out in front of the fort, and there's brock and tecumseh. brock knows what's going to happen. psychological warfare. he and the tecumseh and their few men rush to the fort. that night brock has tecumseh light fires in a 360-degree ring around the fort and run around with his few warriors all night screaming like mad men. hull says the whole entire

northern hordes of indians are about to attack us. hull thinks there's tens of thousands, there's a handful. in the morning, the white flag is there, and brock and tecumseh are ready to parlay. brock tells hull that if you surrender now, i can guarantee your safety. if not, i cannot constrain tecumseh's appetite. he'll eat you. hull surrenders his army, the fort and everything. this massive army marches out of the fort to brock and tecumseh and a handful of men. now brock has all the weapons and ammo and supplies he needs, but rather than stay and celebrate, brock takes off to make it to the central l prong. these guys rush across the entire expansion from michigan to the st. lawrence. when he gets to the central prong, we're ready to invade canada at lewistown in new york. they're going to cross into queen canston heights on the other side of the niagara river.

here's the problem, brock thinks we're going to do this. brock has spies looking at all of our camps, he knows exactly where we're going to cross, so they're ready. they have cannons to hit us. day one for the crossing, early in the morning, one of the young soldiers panics, steals one of the boats and sails away on the river. it was boat with all the oars. [laughter] do you remember blazing saddles, any mel brooks fans? huge mel brooks fan. do you remember when they set up the toll gate in the middle of the desert, was it slim pickens or someone who played the role? they can't get through the toll? i imagine the general said we need a mess of oars. the river's too swift, the river pushes them way down current. as we try to get ashore, out of the woods comes the indians, and they're attacking. day three, we're going to try to cross, the cannons start blowing up our boats.

the americans go back to the american side and refuse to cross over the river. we finally, ultimately, find a hero. genuinefield scottment you've all heard that name. 24 years old, 6-4. scott gets 300 men, he crosses, and he takes queenston heights. we're finally going to have a victory. he refuses and his men, they refuse to deal with the general whom they call van bladder, he's such a coward. they take queenston heights. scott tells his man to spike the cannon so it can't be fired. brock sees this happening, of course, brock's in the front. he gets sho shut and killed -- shot and killed. brock die cans in 1812, tecumseh a year later in thames. with that it gives us a shot. now, we take queenston heights, but our men don't mow how to spike the cannon, and they end up knocking us off queenston

heights. all three invasions fail. fast forward to 1813. we are desperate for a victory, we've been losing for two years. we have a very bold plan. we are going to hit the capital, present day toronto. back then, we're going to hit them at york. that was the capital. we're going to hit them at york. we finally find a general that can lead men. he was an explorer named zebulon pike who found a mountain in colorado you might have heard of. and pike is a tough guy. he's a natural leader of men. hull has a massive army and we wipe out the british at york. quick defeat. zebulon pike is sitting out in front of the fort interrogating his prisoners saying, look, we don't need the bloodshed to continue, if you surrender now, we can all live, and we won't destroy the city and the fort, and i'll let you go. as he's negotiating, apparently a stray cannonball hits a supply depot inside the fort and blows it up.

trees are knocked over in all directions. it's said the fort was lifted off the ground, the walls blown out, a hundred men are blown into the air, and a boulder the side of a piano is spiraling through the air and lands straight on top of zebulon pike's head. it squishes him like a pancake. with zebulon pike dead, what do our men do? we rape, rob, pillage and burn york to the ground. we get a victory, and we soil ourselves. we attack civilians, and we burn it to the ground. the british promise to repay the favor. now it's 1814. i'll hit three battles, and we'll call it a day. 1814. this is the most important year in american history, in my opinion. the british finally finish with napoleon. for two years a couple of canadians, brock and tecumseh, have been beating this pesky mosquito, the americans. now with british, with britain victorious in europe, they sail tens of thousands of men on an

armada across the atlantic. they are going to invade the united states, destroy us and recolonize us. what are we going to do? we lose to a handful of canadians, now we have tens of thousands of veterans who beat napoleon. and ironically, the british plan a three-prong invasion. a northern prong coming down there canada at lake champlain in platts burg, new york/vermont. a central prong coming up the chesapeake to hit washington and baltimore and a southern prong at new orleans to go up the mississippi and cut the country in half. and this is august and september of 1814. the northern prong marches with a massive army, maybe the biggest army at the time ever assembled on the continent. they march down. we have a general mccomb inside a fort at plattsburg with 1,500 men. that's it. the british are going to attack us on headache champlain and attack the fort.

they decide to hit us on the lake first. why? in part, pride. old ironsides and a couple of 20-something lieutenants are beating the british navy in the war, so the british want to destroy us on champlain. the soldiers are watching from the high ground, our soldiers are watching, and we battle in champlain before they easily overrun our fort. we have a young officer named mcdonough, and here's his navy. he's got two ships, maybe, what, 12, 14 cannons or so? two ships with maybe eight cannons and a handful of gun boats. that's a fishing boat with one cannon strapped to it. that's our navy. but he knows the lake. lake champlain comes down from canada into the u.s. and does a reverse j like a fish hook. and there's high ground where it hooks, right, everyone? and the british armada comes sailing down the lake. here's what healthcare done owg -- mcdonough does. when you turn, you end counter headwinds and a head current.

your sails would fall limp. he aligns his ships bow to stern, bow to stern, bow to stern, drops anchor right where the hook occurs covered by the high ground. and it's hard to sail, so he hooks them up with winches. they could winch, fire, win of p, fire, winch, tire. the british come down and as soon as they hit the j, they hit headwinds and head currents, their sails fall limp, and mcdonough opens up. he sinks or destroys every ship in the british navy, and then his men give out a great yell. i'm sure they gave a pinger up to the british too -- finger up to the british too. imagine the british look down as their navy gets wiped out by this ragtag fleet. there's thousands and thousands and thousands outside. what mccomb does is he has 500 men stay in the fort, 500 men go out and burn bridges and knock over trees to funnel the british in the way he wants them to hit

the fort, through a swamp. the last 500 men are on the other side of the swamp. the british start the invasion with 3,000 men, a fraction of the army, a 3,000-man wing or front or flank. they come through the swamp, and guess what happens? the woods open up with 500 muskets. we annihilate the british. after watching what happened on the lake, after watching what happened in the swamp, they give up and go back to canada. we're 1-1. second prong, chesapeake. general robert ross, one of the most dashing british officers, lands in the tidewater region with 4,500 men and marches for washington. we have no army. we gather some volunteers, hand them a musket, and they line up. now, the only thing working against ross is it's summer in washington. it is hot and humid. the british are used to london and are wearing wool uniforms, okay? his army's exhausted. he has hem wait before hitting -- them wait before hitting our ragtag volunteers.

he launches sockets, not cannons. a rocket is, basically, a fireworks show. it's a lot of noise but doesn't do anything. our men are all up disciplined, untrained brand new volunteers. at sight and sound of the rockets, they turn and they run. the entire army runs. madison and monroe and his cabinet, the president, are behind the army, they almost get killed because they almost get trampled and overrun by the army. it happens on the outskirts of baltimore. we call it the bladensburg races because we ran so fast. robert ross was supposed to explain why his army didn't catch the men. the vanquish were too swift of foot. so he marches into washington, we have no resistance, and he burns washington to the ground. he repays the favor. we lost our white house and our capitol 200 years ago this year. now, while he's burning washington, they march to the

white house. back in the white house is dolley madison, the president's wife, with one maid. they send a rider -- madison's worried she's going to be burned, captured, killed. he sends a rider. dolley refuses to leave the white house. she sends him back with a note. the note is i refuse to abandon my post, quote-unquote. don't you love it? she had bigger cajones than the generals. [laughter] she stays there until she was with a spy glass watching the british marching to the white house. so she flees at the last minute. but before getting a young slave and another fella to get all the priceless artifacts out of the white house. you've all seen the great painting in the east room of george washington standing there in black painted by gilbert stewart? they can't get the frame out of the wall, they break it and roll the cap vas. she saves that. the british mock our democracy in that they eat our food, drink

our wine in the white house, but before they burn out, they hold a vote. they burn it. all of washington would have been burned except after burning the white house a freakish thunderstorm kicks up and puts out fires. it's so freakish that it unnerves the british. that's how powerful it is. then after the thunderstorm, by the way, you can't write something like in this. i could never even make up. not one, but two tornadoes touch down. some local resident had leaned out the window and fired shots. another local resident yells if general washington was alive. the british begin to think that washington is attacking them. they think it's providence. they're unnerved, they leave washington. finish they march to baltimore. two-pronged attack on baltimore. ross with 4500 men by land, the road to baltimore, admirals coburn and cock rain are going to sail the or armada and hit

them from the water. inner harbor, everyone? fort mchenry? stop at the cheesecake factory, visit the science museum, which i love there. anyway, here they come. two-pronged attackment well, there's no way we can withstand this attack, and james madison picks a politician to be in charge of the defense of baltimore who basically tells the citizens when you run away, do it orderly so we don't kill anyone. there's two crusty revolutionary war vets who basically pull an alexander haig. they step up and say i'm in charge now, and they organize baltimore's defense thes. they order everyone to put out every lantern in the city so at night the british can't target the city. they order bucket brigades to put out fires, they hang lanterns behind the city so the british overshoo. they round up every boat, and they sink them at the entrance to the harbor. the british can't sail in. now they have to drop anchor and shoot from afar. after that they gather 3,000

volunteers, pitchforks and old muskets, farmers. now, there's no way they could withstand 4500 regulars under ross, so the crusty old revolutionary commanders say follow me, we're going to take it to them, we're going to attack them. here comes raz on the road to baltimore -- ross on the road to baltimore. he doesn't even have sentries posted. they haven't encountered resistance. all of a sudden the woods on either side open up. these volunteers take it to them. ross had said, quote-unquote, i will sup in baltimore tonight or in hell. i will sup in baltimore tonight or in hell, quote-unquote. be careful what you wish for. [laughter] as ross is working his way down the army, the army starts pouring back, trying to run away, and it's a traffic jam with the rest of the army because our men are fighting so tenaciously. ross gets a report from one of his men in the front that the militia are everywhere. ross says, quote-unquote, i don't care if it rains militia.

ross, like brock, rides to the front with his sword to rally his men and is shot and killed. his men are so unnerved, they give up and march away. now, what about the naval hit? all night long the british have to bombard washington -- baltimore. but they have to do it from out at sea. before they do, they capture a fella named dr. beans. he's a scotsman, but he turns and supports us. when he, as a physician when he takes care of a british soldier, officer, he spies and tells us the information. so the british capture him, they're going to have him killed. the problem is dr. beans is friends with president madison. so madison dispatches two men to negotiate the release of dr. beans. one of them is a tall, handsome, womanizing lawyer and budding poet. his name's francis scott key. [laughter] and key goes out to negotiate, and the british won't release beans, but key pulls from his satchel letters. he thought to get letters from the british officers whose lives were saved by bean, so they

release beans but not this the next day. all night long beans and key have to stay on the ship ask watch baltimore bombed. so all night long they march back and forth watching the rockets' red glare, watching the bombs bursting in air. their only hope was that in the morning, our flag would still be there. right. [laughter] and our flag was will, and the british give up and sail away. and francis scott key puts pen to paper and writes the poem. and we were so desperate for a victory that newspapers published the poem, and it becomes famous. we decide to make it our national anthem. but we don't have a melody. we don't have very many bachs and mozarts in the country back then, so we borrow a drunk british tavern song. and here's the purpose of the song. when you go to the pub or tavern, you get drunk, and then you try to sing this song with an impossible melody. it goes something like this -- ♪ ♪ it's so hard to sing that not

even beyonce can sing it. [laughter] so you get drunk and you try to sing it, and you make a fool of yourself. that's the purpose of the song. we make that our national anthem. now, last battle, we're two for two. now we have the southern at new orleans. 12-14,000 men under general packenham are ready to hit new orleans. problem is we don't have an army south of the chesapeake. throughout the war there was this wild man from tennessee who liked cock tighting, horse racing -- cockfighting, horse racing, his name was andrew jackson. and he wanted to get into the war. but madison and monroe would not let anymore the war. no one liked him, no one trusted jackson for good reason. but he's the only thing standing between the british and washington at new orleansment jackson can round up 2,000 or 3,000 tennessee and kentucky riflemen, so they send jackson to new orleans. the goal is basically twofold, slow the british down long enough for us the to get there, and then they'll kill jackson

and be rid of them. jackson arrives in new orleans, and the british are 12-14,000. he puts together the most colorfully ragtag band of soldiers in history. tennessee ask kentucky riflemen, the spanish and french residents of new orleans, he gets them to stop drinking coffee and fight, okay? that's something. [laughter] he gets cajuns, indians, slaves and a band of haitian pilots, and they're going to -- pirates, and they're going to defend new orleans. he doesn't though how to build a fort, but he builds big mud mounds. when the british see it, they think it's a joke. but how effective is a mud mound when you shoot a cannonball into it in a swamp with it raining? it just sucks the cannonball in. the british are ready to disembark. our coastal navy consisted of five one-cannon fishing boat withs under a young lieutenant, jonesment he decides to hit them

first. now, of course, he and his men are wiped out, but he unnerves the british. so they decide they're going to disembark at a place that's a landation. they send a few thousand, and then they're going to hit new orleans. jackson hears they're camping there, and he says by thunder the enemy will not sleep on our soil. he gets some men and says follow me. at night they hit them in camp, but a lot of his men are using tomahawks and knives. they're hacking them apart. now, jackson's repelled, but imagine the morning when you see the body parts. do you think the british got a good night's sleep after that? no. so they come and attack us at new orleans. here comes the massive army, and the one thing jackson did was pick good ground. on one side is part of the mississippi river, and on the other side is a forest, and if in front of him is a swamp. imagine a massive army trying to walk through a swamp with a red

uniform and a white x? probably a bull's eye on the back with a sign that says kick me taped to them, right? so they come marching through the swamp, and jackson has the cajuns hit them in the swamp. those that go into the woods, the indians hit them in the woods. jackson tells his men put all fire, aim all muskets at anyone wearing gold 'em bodily. there are -- embroidery. there are four generals and eight colonels leading the invasion. all of them are wiped out at the beginning. the british suffer well over 2,000 lost. jackson, 13. it's one of the biggest butt whuppings in history. the british leave, the war's over. the war of 1812 does a few things. the first irony was at battle of new orleans on january 8, 1815, was fought after the peace treaty was signed. christmas eve in gent.

we claim it's part of war. british, the french ask the spanish after war, because of of what we did in 1814, basically give up any plans to take us over or attack us. it's the end, tragically, the end of indian self-determination. which means we can move west and the continent's ours, basically. a group of states that were in debt, didn't get along emerge as a nation, proud on the world stage. some people before the war of 181 would write the united states with a small letter u, capital letter s, united being an adjective. after the war many wrote it capital letter u, noun. that capital letter s stays. several future presidents cut their teeth in the war of 1812, and we emerge as a power, and the rest, as they say, is history. thank you very much. [applause]

thank you. in the time remaining, i'll take a few questions, and then after c-span cuts, hang around, and i'll continue to answer any questions you have. let's start over here on this side, and then we'll move over that way. i sometimes start on my left. okay? ready? go ahead. and a microphone's coming around. and i'll repeat the question if you can't hear it. and there'll be a test later, okay? [laughter] >> okay. canada. i'm confused about this. canada was part of britain? >> yes. >> all those years? >> yes. >> when was it -- >> yeah, good. canada was part of the british empire. britain had, basically, the continent. britain, france and spain were carving up present day u.s. and canada. britain and france fought a war, we call it the french and indian wars, over in europe it's called the seven years' war, in the

1750s. and the war was over the frontier, over lands. and what happened in a series of british-canadian conflicts is britain gets the upper hand. the deal is the french can have new orleans, they can have quebec with, parts of canada, the british get pretty much everything else. so the british really assert itself and then, ultimately, push the french out. napoleon runs up a massive war debt. france needs to sell louisiana for money. it's not that we got such a great deal, it's possible that napoleon was planning on then coming in and just taking it back by force after he finished with the british. spain and france did a couple of deals back and forth between florida, new orleans, the mississippi valley, the louisiana region. so it was back and forth, back and forth. what this war does is, ironically, it pretty much -- the border between u.s. and canada stays the same after two and a half years of fighting, ironically enough. but all this contributes to the beginning of the end of the

french power on the continent. the british would control canada, and the rest for us, of course, is there. let me go on the left so that they can get the mic, and then i'll move over to the right, i promise. anyone else over here in okay, well, by definition then how about over here? okay, i'm sorry. >> if my history is correct, when jackson became president of the united states, he was a member of a different political party. >> be when jackson became president of the united states, he was a member of a different political party. yes. jackson was elected in 1828. what happened in 1824, he ran against a guy named john quincy adams, and it was a showdown. quincy adams, massachusetts, harvard-educated, son of a president, diplomat against an uneducated wild man from the frontier, so it kind of of polarized the country. there was basically one political party from about 1801 until then. for all intents and purposes. the federalists were around, but they were weak. it was the party of jefferson,

madison, monoe row, our third, fourth and fifth presidents. everyone was basically an anti-federalist or democratic republican, or some folks republican. what happened in 1824 was jackson beat john quincy adams in the popular vote, but john quincy adams won the electoral college. and what jackson said was a bargain. since we're in all beach county, you know all about electoral college votes. [laughter] jackson comes back four years later and wins but he's so mad at the party that he refuses to be a part of that, and he organizes a new party, the democratic party. >> and i'm told that he ran such a wild presidency and he brought all his son's friends, and they -- [inaudible] >> sure. you're absolutely right. yeah, jackson was a wild man.

his supporters were wild men. they sometimes called jackson's tenure coonskin democracy. and on one hand everyone wore one of hose daniel boone, davy crockett raccoon skin caps because it was folks from the frontier, common folks. but what's so exciting about this is the 1828 election marked the biggest turnout, over 800,000 people voted this 1828 over what did in 1824, and we've hardly had any people. so people came out to vote, and they elected one of their own, andrew jackson. so jackson fires, basically, to the victor go the spoils? jackson basically fires everyone in government, even postmasters. and replaces them with all of his was who are from the frontier. -- his buds who are from the frontier. march 4,189, his ininaugural was the wildest in history. all these guys are drinking,

shooting guns in the air. jackson had to flee out of the white house at one point for fear of his life. they put a big thing of spirits, a big thing of wooz and a big block of cheese to try to get everyone to leave the white house. they had knocked food over and ground it into the carpet, the whole building smelled. so it was wild. so, yeah, jackson was wild. but what he was was a man of the people, and that is part of our american culture. political culture. so it's sort of a mixed bag. good question. yes, ma'am. >> i have, i'm just bond oring -- [inaudible] but at what point in history did the british fight the french from quebec? >> okay. at what point in history did britain and france tight. written and france were at war for hundreds of years. throughout, throughout the ordeal. remember, each during our own -- the french and indian war was

britain and france. it was not only here for seven years, it was in europe, and it was on the seas. and when we were done with that a war, there were still skirmishes and still tit for tat exchanges on the seas. french privateers would sack british merchant ships and so forth. they sacked ours even during our war and in quebec and at the canadian border even during the revolutionary war, the british and french were fighting because france, of course, the french sided with us, the marquee delafayette, ben frankly negotiating -- franklin negotiating the deal. which is why it's always fun today when britain and france are playing soccer, right? or football. who else? okay, let me get -- there's one up here and two in the back. >> jackson get married before he got divorced? >> did jackson get married before he got divorced? [laughter] jackson was married to two women -- no, jackson's wife was married to two men at the same time. jackson's wife was named rachel

done illson, and her father was the first white man to really settle tennessee. he leads a group of white settlers there, and rachel's a teenager, 17-ish, so she's kind of the debutante of the area. and she does what a proper girl ought not to do, she runs away and marries a much older man. his name was louis robards. and he turns out to be a ne'er-do-well who's abusive. we know that he was emotionally abusive, i suspect physically, too, although there's no documentation. she does what a proper girl ought not to do for a second time, she leaves him. no one did this back then. she goes back home. in the settlement in tennessee, their sacked and attacked by indians. her father, brothers and many of the men are all killed. so young rachel and her mother, the widow, are alone in indian territory. so they open up their home for borders as way of making hundred and security. and one of the borders is a 6-2,

dashing circuit court lawyer, andrew jackson. when jackson's in your house, you don't need a pit bug or a -- pit bull or a home security system. jackson falls in love with rachel, but rachel's married. the problem at the time was women could not divorce. so she has to get -- jackson writes a letter, she asks rowards for the divorce. he agrees to grant the divorce, but he's such a slacker, he doesn't get around to doing it. jackson and rachel get haired and then later find out she's still married. this is when jackson writes a famous letter to robards saying that -- this is not verbatim, he says that i demand you give my wife a twors, otherwise i'm going to come and cut off both your ears with my sword. so robards gives the divorce, then andrew jobbingson and

ray -- jackson and rachel marry a second time. it's one of the better marriages in the history of the white house. what rachel does is she really soothes the beast. when rachel's around, jackson's normal. when she's not, look out. what happens for jackson is there was that difficult 1824 election that i mentioned, then there's difficult 1828 election. jackson's supporters call john quincy adams because he took the electoral college, they called him his frawj lens si. but john quincy adams' supporters call jackson the wife thief. they call his wife a bigamist or a whore. so his wife did not want to go to the white house. she's praying and hoping she doesn't go to the white house. didn't i say be careful what you wish for? jackson wins, and right before the inauguration she dies of a heart attack. on christmas eve of 1828 she's buried in the gown she was going to wear to the inaugural. is jackson dose to the white

house outraged, angry, and that's part of the reason why he was so jacksonian, because his wife wasn't around. as a nice sidebar, jackson doesn't have children, and they kept saying this was going to be a whore in the white house, because of his wife? his wife's dead, so who's the hostess? jackson picks a woman named peggy o'neill the timberlake eaton who's said to be washington's favorite whore. not george, the city. [laughter] when she marries secretary of war john eaton, the great intellectual, daniel webster, raises a toast. he says here's to secretary eaton, he married his mistress and the mistress of all the rest of us. [laughter] so good stuff. i always say this, are you like me, you love history but you hated your history accuracies? >> yes. >> yeah. what we do is we take -- history is taught without humans in it. it's cannons and castles and crowns and dates. what we need to do is reinsert

the humanity back into history, breathe back into it the trials and triumphs and tragedies and love affairs and losses. i always tell my students i don't watch any reality the because i don't need to, i read history. [laughter] anything kim kardashian did, jackson's hostess did ten times over. [laughter] charlie sheen did not party nearly as hard as ben franklin or alexander hamilton, i promise you that. there is one or two in the back, and then i'll end up here. >> tecumseh was a brave indian chief and a leader who united tribes against -- [inaudible] approximately 70 years later -- [inaudible] sitting bull was trying to do a similar thing at the battle of little big horn. >> yes, sitting bull had an indian confederation, had warriors there several nations or tribes that all joined in, yeah, absolutely right. and there have been from chief joseph to chief seattle to

sitting bull to geronimo many, many great indigenous leaders. my money's on tecumseh as the greatest. he was just remarkable. brock was incredible and a great judge of men, and brock felt tecumseh was the best. tecumseh was remarkable and a great judge of men, and he felt brock was the best. there is letters from some of the officers that when tecumseh would meet some of the other british officers he would say be gone, go put your petticoat and dress on, you're not a man. when he meets brock he writes, quote-unquote, now here is a man. brock was a men among boys as was tecumseh. so they were both cheerleading one another and were both remarkable. now, yes, when we read back in history, we always need to be careful of the folks who said the fish was this big. [laughter] when i was in high school, i walked 30 miles through the snow, you know, to get to school. [laughter] but there are so many accounts -- william henry harrison who was tecumseh's avowed enemy for years,

tecumseh -- william henry harrison says there are none like tecumseh. he says he's one of those men that comes along once in a century that changes his times and creates revolutions. even william henry harrison thought tecumseh was unimaginably imrestive. that's from his -- impressive. that's his avowed enemy. you don't get history saying brock was overrated. i mean, they're all the same. yeah, good. >> i ask a question not associated with the war in 181? >> of course. >> what's the future hold for governor christie? [laughter] >> what's the future hold for governor christie. i need to get the prophet to make that prediction, okay? [laughter] here's, well, he has two scandals, of course, at present. while we're taping this, okay? one is, of course, bridge gait over the george washington bridge and the other one the sandygate, maybe

misappropriating money over hurricane sandy. i'm not sure what's going to happen. i don't know what the details are. i wouldn't be surprised if he's in trouble with both, and i won't be at all surprised if he's exonerated from both. there's a lot of wiggle room in these kind of things. here's what i'm interested in terms of his future. if you look at the two scandals, they go right to the heart of his number one strength and his number one weakness. christie's biggest weakness is he's a bully. bridgegate goes right to the heart of that. his number one asset is he did a good job in sandy, he's blunt, he doesn't care about politics, and he gets stuff done. that scandal goes right to the heart of that. so these two issues are very important for him. even if he's found not guilty, so to speak, because they go to the heart of his strength and his weakness, his number one asset and his number one weakness, i think i was very mixed on his press conference. twenty minutes into it i'm thinking this is the best press conference in the history of politics. why? christie called it immediately

so the scandal doesn't have legs, he was bold and tough. he fires -- heads roll. he answers any question directly. that's what we want. i'm sitting there thinking teddy roosevelt or truman would have done this, but that's where the analogy ends. an hour later, he's still there saying the same thing. an hour later. it was the longest rest conference ever. what he showed me is he seems to be utterly without discipline, and he probably doesn't listen to anyone. if you want to end a scandal, you don't stand for 108 minutes and repeat the scandal. twenty minutes you take the question, you do it head on, you're frank, heads roll, you fire people and then get off the stage. he needs to develop some self-discipline. i thought it was sort of a psychologically interesting exercise. christie is still, i think, the republicans' best hope as we tape this. i think he's a legitimate candidate. he's a good fundraiser, he's got household recognition, and he's clearly a lot better candidate

than rick santorum, the donald erik michele bachmann, governor walker and so forth. so he's a much better candidate. yes. [inaudible conversations] >> [inaudible] have a professor like you give lessons. [applause] >> i don't mind repeating that one. she said everyone said they would enjoy history more if they had a professor like me. i'll give you the $20 after the lecture. that's my mom. [laughter] so, you know, i love history. i grew up not far from gettysburg and valley forge, so i suppose it's genetic, i don't know. ..

>> that's a remarkable twist. are you like me, every year i love this story. every year a story comes out that someone went to a yard sale in lincoln, nebraska, and they bought a painting for the friend. when they get on day care the frame out, the painting out and what did they find? a letter from franklin, right? don't you love that? every year this happens. we are still discovering unknown satellite camps from the holocaust. six decades later with a world's greatest scholars studying it. there's still secrets.

warren harding's life destroyed a lot of his letters. a year ago we found an unknown -- an unknown letter from mary todd lincoln written a year before her husband's death. i love the letter even though the press tended to say it's not much of a letter. mary todd is writing agency for, she's having a big fancy gala at the white house. she's worried about a babysitter. she's trying to find a babysitter for the youngest. she's trying -- so i'm in the middle of the civil war and the white house, she has to find a babysitter. i love it. here's the person she's trying to get as a babysitter, charles forbes.

history still has her secrets. we don't know much about the war of 1812. i put 450 pages down, first draft was probably 650. i'm sure i'm scratching the surface of it. there's so much out there. thanks for the time. one or two more quick ones. [inaudible] >> tecumseh was shawnee but he was doing many other tribes as well. he was raised by a chief from another tribe. his mother leaves him when he's young and moves away with another try. is raised by an older brother. tecumseh is a very rough upbringing. you might say he was swept around as result he picked up language skills from many different engines, all of which i think help her move to the a great prison. without i'll hang hang out after

to if you want to pick up a book arguing to talk i will hang out here. thank you, everyone. [applause] >> for more information visit the author's website. >> bringing attention to what women do or how women have contributed always returns to the question of the body. so for one thing, many people object to bringing women's studies or women's history into a middle school, high school classroom. because there's an assumption that women's studies is only about sex, birth control, abortion. and actually it's also about women in politics, women in law,

women working on farms, queens, prime ministers. and my job is to break down the fear many people have, what goes on any women's study classroom. >> today, women's history, feminist movements and antifeminist backlash. professor and author bonnie morris will take your questions in depth by for three hours starting at noon eastern. booktv's "in depth" on c-span c-span2. >> booktv is at a book party for peter baker. author of trenton. he mingled with guests and made informal remarks. the party was held at p. j. clarke's sidecar, a restaurant in washington, d.c. >> it's not really a reality show. how are you? >> i had to wait.

the press is setting up. >> we got stuck for 25 minutes. wasted moments. is he threw? did he get through? that's good at least. that will open up. >> i haven't seen you for ever. >> how are you? >> good to see you. >> you know the president tried to block your book? >> obama's revenge. i don't if he is against, me, whatever. maybe he is stopping by. that would be enjoyable if he could come by. >> everybody was stuck. there was a whole group of us stuck on the other side of the tree. >> literally. >> two blocks away and i couldn't get here.

>> they literally wouldn't let you walk across the street. >> it was all a plot. >> see how partisan this town has gotten? [laughter] dan, how are you? appreciate it. how are you doing? when i go to the bookstore i find your books everywhere. mine nowhere. still a dan balz world. >> i think it's yours now. >> nice to see you. >> i saw you last week or the week before. i saw you well behind me and i wanted to say hi. i was going to new york. it was the early morning train.

right? i can't remember. i've taken a few them lately. >> went up to see the blo the mr of new york. >> i said, sure. >> really? >> on the upper west side. let's do that. i'm with you on that. >> i'm going to buy a book. >> i won't stop you. they are in the back, back there. hey, sir, nice to see you again. this is our neighbor. >> nice to see. >> boyden is just above us in the office building.

we run into each other all the time in the elevator. >> congratulations. >> thank you very much. thank you very much for coming. phil rocker. how are you? this is boyden gray. don't tell him anything. know, he's a good guy. right back there. not going to stop anybody. can you imagine the nerve? [inaudible] >> i don't think so. this is him going to a fundraiser. a party of a different sort. even they get screwed. they got crossed across the street, right? there was a good story out of utah. must have been fun. good timing.

phil went out to take a look at mike lisa state -- mike leaves state. that's a great story. how are you doing? >> i'm doing well. >> boyden is one of us. he writes a column regularly for the "washington times." he's part of the deal whether he likes it or not. >> everybody is in publishing now that, you know. >> that's true. so everything is good? >> everything is good. >> what i have heard is very ambitious hiring and ramping up.

that's really good. not too good. you know. that's very healthy. would you like to drink? can i get you a drink? all right. nice to see. thank you so much for coming. >> a pleasure. i'm delighted. is just writing a song for your book, to? >> you know, we talked about that. you can think of some creative songs that bush and cheney. i think discretion is the better part of valor. just a guitar strumming. >> congratulations. >> congratulations to you. how are you getting? >> great.

things are going great. [inaudible] >> he's doing a video interview. >> it nearly broke while i was on video. >> what a great endorsement. >> he is really great. i think it's good for him to have a chance to run something like jim was doing. he was so energetic. he's got the right metabolism. you guys will really love him. we are much more for his loss. so nice of you to come, thanks

so much. appreciated. the books are in the back. >> are you signing them? >> i would be happy to, absolutely. thank you for coming. really appreciate it. [inaudible] >> well, who isn't here? hey there, how are you? how are you, buddy? thank you. how are you doing? >> pretty good. how are you doing? >> good. you got to the motorcade and all that? my wife got stuck for 25 minutes, unfortunately. >> i thought about that.

>> i don't think so, but that's really amazing. [inaudible] >> i was told vice president cheney is reading it, so i think that's a good sign. >> cheney got on and he had the book within. >> i haven't heard back, good or bad, you know. >> by the and denied the description will be shorter and shorter, you know. -- the end of the night.

>> i was off for a year and a half. the rest of the time, a lot of mornings and evenings. thank you for coming. hey, how are you? nice to see. thanks for coming. absolutely. fantastic. you are really nice to come. [inaudible] >> are you kidding? absolutely. we had our rehearsal dinner here. >> is that right to? >> yes. >> i hope it's a bestseller. you probably know already. >> it literally went on sale tuesday. this is day three. i don't how it works, but, you know. how do you want me to make it out fred and genny.

>> next week i go on the road. [inaudible] >> i'm looking forward to that. it gets people down there. [inaudible] >> i've never been there. i've missed the debate. i've missed the other events there is i'm looking forward to try to find a way to get there. >> if for no other reason i just want to go and visit. i love these libraries. they are also interesting. [inaudible] >> i've been dying to see.

pictures make it look very extraordinary and grand. >> its own 200 acres but you can see the ocean. it's a great location. >> how often are you out there? >> i go out about every two months. we have our board meeting. usually during colder times here. >> right. that's very nice, thank you. ishe doing okay? i didn't want to ask. good for her. that's terrific. would love to get out there. so nice of you to come. appreciate it. >> you must know this of course, but i did not know it. adam told me the news. >> i do know about that.

spent it affects your family alone, right? >> i was visiting a let go when this got broken because i was doing a video for the book. we are not so happy back year. >> i understand both. >> i'm excited for him to have a chance to run something. [inaudible] >> just so you know, i have this little thing here, so when you -- just so you know. [laughter] the truth is, i think rick was ready to run something. he talked to the post. he now has a chance to run a news organization, and his energy. thanks for coming. i think it's going to be a real exciting thing for him. bad for us. >> here at the bureau and elsewhere, there's so many books, now that on affiliate i

can't afford them. >> he just left. he's going off to write about terrorism. >> you are the most gracious on facebook. there was plenty to praise. >> they had a great story yesterday, gordon and bobby worth on street. i don't know if you had a chance to read. terrific story. really interesting, inside the white house how they have managed syria. [inaudible] >> i think that's right. very revealing and very interesting. [inaudible] >> well, like so much journalism, right?

>> well -- >> i love the excerpt in the magazine. >> thanks. [inaudible] what did you think? what was that like? >> dealing with him? he is quite a self deceiver. he remains a believer. he is a believer in that he will be vindicated. [inaudible] >> you know, one of the keys is to write your own history, right? after everybody has been writing their own books. >> you are the neutral -- >> the thing i liked about the review was the phrase he used

was, at times from sunday, neither excuses or excuses. i like that phrase. >> i was going to say the same thing. >> when i was having books reviewed there, -- [inaudible] >> they are looking for interesting voices these days. he's also been critical. [inaudible]

>> how are you? detected you look. did you get the book is? >> not yet. spent i send it to you. >> you did a? >> i didn't. >> they called me yesterday and said i got a package. >> that would be it. say nice things. lied profusely. i wanted to point out the cameras are on. you had absolutely nothing to do with the book. >> right. how glad are you to be done? >> glad. six years really. i'm not trying to compete here. [laughter] >> i remember from where you

started. >> i'm going to be doing austin, dallas, houston, the whole circuit. i'm trying to get way to go. -- waco. >> congratulations. i am so excited for you. >> jennifer, this is a trend to. gordon say just when using the bush white house. he was a spokesman among them. -- this is gordon johndroe. >> so nice to see. thank you for coming. thank you for that. i appreciate that. i thought that was great. i really enjoy. i like that phrase. i'm going with it. every time someone says 650 pages -- we will see.

will see if anybody buys it. >> it would be like my title, misunderestimated. >> i like that. that was a terrific. i want to get a copy of the print. we usually get it now that i think about it, but i should make sure everybody gets it. that would be great. [inaudible] >> the journal is very kind, very kind but neither the president or the vice president. a number of the people are here. you know, they haven't thrown water in my face. i why said that would be better. it would be controversy. a little controversy. >> you are two popular. >> i don't think that's it. but we will see. mostly they haven't read it yet.

not too bad, you know. >> i don't quite know this. >> are you getting out and getting a chance to talk about this? >> doing a bunch of media this week and starting late next week i go on tour in 20 cities. crazy. >> exactly. how are you doing. what are you up to? >> day job is busy and i tried to do a little more extracurricular writing as usual. >> any new books a? >> not doing a book right now. i've been doing some irregular things. >> you had a good post the other day. >> thanks. so i'm trying to stay out there and keep up my brain exercise.

then i'll figure out how to reorganize my life again. >> you should do another book. you're so good at it. of those books, but for me, this one the lbj one was fastening. you can connect those two things in such an interesting way. the duality of that narrative, i think i told you but it was a helpful to me. >> i remember we talked about it. >> you are mentioned in your for that, absolutely. >> absolutely. >> you came along at a time i need someone to talk to get it was really great. >> look, i won't monopolize you but anyway, congratulations. when you're done with all this, we've got a lot to catch up on. >> thank you. >> i'll let you mingle.

congratulations again. >> i was over in your shop. >> i was driving and i heard it. >> you can tell she reads it. it stained and it's been written in. >> it was a good interview. i'm going to read the hard copy. >> whichever is fine. i just want them to think it works. >> we are excited for you. is susan here, to? >> yeah. >> your little guy is not too little? >> getting bigger and bigger every day.

>> so you're saying anonymity of cheney had the book but bush would not sit down to? >> yeah. history can judge them now anyway. he has so checked out and did the same thing with "the new york times." can't do anything about that. i think his life, i'm done, i don't want to play these games anymore. i understand that. i wish -- i went to different events and tried to, you know, and within he said, baker, you stalking me? >> kind of. >> give me the interview? don't think so. remembered and? were going to do a talking for a second. do you mind?

[inaudible] >> do you know mark? say hi, mark. did you get your hair trimmed? it looks good, very good. i like it. >> hello? >> start yelling. >> give me one of these. spent i'll use a key. i need something metal. all right, hold on, hold on. >> okay everyone, this is the moment that you've been waiting

for. peter baker is going to present his book. he has a few words to say. can you gather around, everyone? and here is susan glasser. >> hello. hello, can you hear me? hello? >> hello. >> hi. i don't think you can hear me through the microphone but hello. thank you so much for coming. please come closer. thank you so much for coming. thank you to my friend, tom. commanding radio voice. i'm susan glasser and i want to welcome everyone here tonight. thank you so much. i'm not going to belabor the point except to say i think everyone here knows my husband and they know that he loves a good book party. [laughter] usually likes to throw parties for other people and to

celebrate their accomplishments, so it's incredibly wonderful and special for me to be here and welcome you and celebrate peter in the publication of his book. [applause] >> what was the book called in? >> "days of fire," "days of fire." a few people, and i promise this will be brief, have offered up words of encouragement. in the end i want to thank everybody for coming and to say you will hear lots of things about what a great book this is and what a big accomplishment, and how come as "the wall street journal" said this more, peter baker has managed to write a fair book about the most polarizing presidency since andrew johnson. [applause] >> you know, and i know that this is washington, so working hard and being nice aren't

necessarily the qualities that lead to success in this town, but i can say that no one worked as hard as you did on this book. so i am so thrilled to celebrate his success tonight. his friend, mark leibovich, is here for a few anthropological observations about eating. you all be appearing in his next book called this down, this sequel. >> welcome to this weeks edition of logrolling in america. i can certainly second and attest to how hard you worked on this. the two of us suffered together. we used to have breakfast every few weeks at the diner. the bush world and the cheney world are very, very tough places to crack. then when you put them together and you have like this really, really tiny blackbox of relationship, you realize what big of a challenger was anthony

of people actively trying to thwart him. it was just such an incredible thing to see this thing realize. and peter is as loyal and as decent and as good a colleague and friend as you could ever imagine. and i am -- someone who's charted some qualities about this town that are not always flattering. i mean, i think peter is essentially the opposite of all this stuff. it sounds like you nailed the book. i will praise a book i haven't read yet, but no, everyone should buy every -- "days of fire." [inaudible] it has an index yes, all of those things. [inaudible] >> at risk of 7a little too sincere, i am so proud of peter baker your and when i saw the book come out, i felt like, i had amicable sense of ownership and pride and i wanted to do

well. for everyone should read it, savor it. >> by it. >> here, here. two copies, three copies but anyway, thank you all for coming. [applause] >> i'm david leonhardt, and on behalf of peter's colleagues to say congratulations. the main reason you should read the book and the main acknowledgment of the book is about it's so damn entertaining. the scene of karl rove having to argue against dick cheney's choice as vice president with dick cheney sitting there is worth the price of the whole book. and it just a scene after scene like that. but we on the peter baker would write a fabulously reported, fabulously entertaining book. the great surprise of the book is how incredibly relevant to today it is, how much the world has come around to the world of the bush years. iran, iraq, syria, civil liberties, national security,

the economy that is too weak after all these years. and maybe even above all think about the origin of george bush. george bush roasted on one of the most impressive campaigns that we've probably seen in our lifetime trying to overcome a deeply unpopular congressional republican caucus, and defeated out a way to do. it's basically the same challenge the republican party is doing today. the great throw of the book is your living in this very entertaining past while you get to see the future as well. so congratulations to peter, this is in and of what else who worked on it. peter is either than nicest great journalist or the greatest nights of journalists. [applause] >> my name is chris and don peters editor at doubleday. [applause] as an editor i go to lunch a lot and ever since peter delivered the book i've been buzzing about

"days of fire." "days of fire," yes. this brilliant book. but when i leave the last copy worst i want to tell people is that it's like watching all seven seasons of west wing. but in bizarro world where everybody is a republican. [laughter] you don't just read "days of fire," you binge read it. so as an editor you also believe in a book like crazy and everything you can to get it ready to launch. then you have to let the market and the reviewers have their turn. and in just a few days, that the book has been on sale, we've had some incredible, incredible reviews. i don't know about peter but david frum roses. peter baker writes with a major imbalance that seems transported

backward in time from some more dispassionate future that case of fire is not a dispassionate book. it's mood might rather be described as poignant, sympathetic to its subjects, generous to their accomplishments and extenuating none of their errors. what peter baker has done in "days of fire" is come to a full and fair reckoning with the legacy of the 43rd president. david frum, he really got it. [laughter] but, peter, you got it first so here's to you and your magisterial book. [applause] >> well, thank you all for coming. i can't tell you how wonderful this is to be here. this is a special place, and adam how many people here know this, but 13 years ago susan glasser gave me a great favor of

having our reversal in her dinner here before government. -- rehearsal dinner. to me it's a very special night. i'm so thrilled to have her he here. and theo, who missed it, 13 years ago -- [laughter] is here today. it feels like we are often, we are doing, always doing big things. the first book i did was about clinton's impeachment. it was published one week after we got married. the second book susan and i wrote together about putin's russia and is delivered to the publisher the day that theo was born. and this time around we are in the middle in our household of a very exciting project in which to exciting projects, theo started fourth grade, new school and doing fantastic. susan is doing a new magazine. it's coming out september -- for the 14th. make sure you look forward. it's going to be great.

[applause] i don't want to talk long. real quickly i do want to thank david who is a fabulous boss and a great friend at the same time. that's two terrific combinations you don't often see. mark leibovich, all of us at the diner, they paid off for you. [laughter] i got a lot out of it, to come hearing about marks great adventures in this town. we can only hope that other books do as well as that one. and kris puopolo, where issue she? my editor, fabulous editor, amazing editor, so important to the product. this would not be the book it is if it were not for her but don't blame her for the things that are wrong. all the things that are right were because of her. i really couldn't be more grateful to you and everybody at doubleday, thank you so much. [applause] >> i could go on a long time.

i'm not going to do it, but i do want to thank david frum, if it's appropriate to thank your critic. [laughter] i do think he got what i wanted to do with the book. the lines use, he described the bush years and 23 words, he said to start off with another pearl harbor and ended with another great crash and in between vietnam. that's we get the title "days of fire," from the present use days of fire in the second and i don't address to describe 9/11. all eight years were filled with days of fire that he and the vice president had to confront including their own interesting partnership as it developed in sort of a shakespearean way. i want to thank david. i don't know if jonathan karl is here. really appreciate, thank you so much, good review, very generous. christian carol is also hear a thing.

magisterial. but deep -- magisterial is code for long. >> what was the name of the? >> "days of fire." i want to thank the people who are here from the bush-cheney white house, the administration, many of whom were incredible generous to take the time to talk with me, sometimes more than once, sometimes three, four, five times and endless e-mails back and forth. the patients and the willingness to cooperate with a book they had no control over and no, no, knowledge about how it would turn out. they told her story and you could fair and accurate way. i'm not going to mean anybody because they might be exiled from whatever bush-cheney alumni society is but i want to thank you all for doing that. [laughter] i want to thank, i want to thank

president bush and vice president cheney for getting us a very interesting administration to write about. [laughter] it is endlessly fascinating. we're going to be writing about it for years to come, and i think that this is one effort among what will be many to define, shape and interpret this history. i'm going to end it at that. thank you so much. i probably have forgotten everyone else i should affect. my host committee, john, mike, everyone else hoosier. anybody else? my parents are here, ted and martha. [applause] they are here. thank you for coming. and without comment the drink and be merry and remember, "days of fire." [applause] >> how do i turn this off?

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♪ >> welcome to olympia on booktv. located at the south end of the puget sound, this city is known for its rich maritime history and being the seat of the state government. >> the original residents were the indian population, the tribal nations were here. the first british explorers came here in 1792. the territorial collection gives you a peak into the first things that people in this state, particularly olympia, were pulled off the shelves and reading. they came here because this was one of the first public libraries in washington. this is where people who lived in olympia came to grab a book.

>> with the help of our cable partners, for the next and we will explore the history of washington's capital city with local authors beginning with chuck fowler and the role of the puget sound played in washington's development. >> when our nation was founded in 1776, only 16 years later where the first explorers exploring puget sound. so the shipping and the exploration by ships was going on very quickly after we became a nation. of course, even before the original residents with the indian population. the tribal nations were here. the first british explorers came here in 1792. captain george vancouver and peter puget fordo puget sound is named. so it was a very important area

for settlement, for trade and for the establishment of ford's for trading by the british and the hudson bay company. in the late 1800s, and mid-1800s, we became the offshoot of a gold rush in california in 1849. many of the activities that happened here and in seattle and in tacoma and the sound were basically spent off from a gold rush of 1849. a lot of the shipping, a lot of the ships again from the atlantic coast to the pacific coast to bring gold miners and the people who are going to find their fortune eventually came north with cargoes from here. then we had another gold rush in alaska in 1897. so another influx of people came to puget sound area, pacific

northwest, and help washington state to grow and become the great port, maritime state that it is today for the pacific rim cargo activities and other kinds of maritime promise. i think one of the most interesting things is the transition between the age of sail with the sailing ships, with the age of steam and then diesel power, petroleum powered ships. and that is a very important transition. it happened very rapidly. we had sailing ships for decades, years and years. and then in the late 1800s with the advent of the steamship, that transition became very rapid. once the steam engines became more powerful and smaller, it was a major trend that happened

very, very rapidly. in fact, one of the first steamships to come to the puget sound area was the steamship beaver. it was owned by the hudson bay company so it was a british vessel. and interesting facts of that is that the only way to get that ship your was not to use of steam but use its sales. itself here from england around cape horn through the puget sound area. that's about 16,000-mile voyage. but once they got here, the engine was hooked up, the paddle wheels attached to the sides of the vessel, and it then was used to supply the various ports operated by the hudson bay company throughout puget sound. so in 1836 when it started, that was the first steamboat and it

caused a revolution. and as i said, the transition to steam became very rapidly after the advent of the beaver. the original ship, the first one, the orbit they came to olympia was probably only 60 feet long. and the ships grew in nature, the big sailing ships were 150 feet long, and then we got into the steamships which became 250 feet long. today, the container ships that come to seattle and tacoma and the other ports in the puget sound area, some are 800, 900 feet long and carry 20,000 containers. so the amount of cargo has changed. the size of the ships has changed, and the maritime economy is a big part of the pacific northwest. the first maritime history of the pacific northwest was

written in 1892. and then no further work was done until 1965. so i wanted a book which would be more a brief overview of the history so i wrote a shorter, smaller book, a pictorial history. i thought more people would have access to, more people would read. and, therefore, the important maritime history of the region would be more fully valued and reached many, many more people. >> from booktv's recent trip to libya washington learn about the litigation surrounding the pacific northwest habitat of the marbled murrelet, a waterbird. >> in 19 and it had already been listed as a threatened species in california, oregon and washington. scientists knew that because of its association with the old

growth forest in the mature large trees, doug fir, redwood, western red cedar, that association spell trouble for the marbled murrelet because it nests in the force which is very unusual for a seabird. these trees that they nested in were prize in the timber industry because they are very valuable as lumber. and so that controversy, once the nest was discovered in 1974, the first nest, the association was set and then the controversy began to be 10 years after that. marbled murrelet inhabits the range of the pacific ocean the outer aleutian islands in alaska south through british columbia, washington, oregon, down to central california. it is a band about 50 miles wide

is were administered is a seabird though so it lives at sea 90% of the time but it's from coast-to-coast essentially. the bird is robin sized and it is a member of a family of birds which include birds like puffins and birds that people might not be familiar with with. the marbled murrelet does not build any. it unique in that it nests in trees at all. so what is in a summit of birds you have birds that come england in the summer to breathe. so they live offshore and then only in the summer months to become to land. they make nests -- the other birds in the family. they make nests on rocky islets just on open clip stops, in burroughs even. but no bird accept the marbled murrelet nested in trees. so what kinds of force entries are they looking for? small web footed deceivers and their heavy bodied and they flap

their wings or what were their wings rapidly to keep their body a float in the air, airborne. they need to go from the ocean directly to the nest area nicolini. they can't stop and start and stop answer because it's so much effort to do that. so they need to find somewhere they can land, essentially a high speed kind of still outstanding on a branch that needs to be a wide branch. it needs to be out of reach of creditors. what kinds of trees have these nice white branches out of reach of creditors? these are the mature old growth trees along our coast. you also need a branch where you can lay an egg. the marbled murrelet is the size of a robin but the age is the size of a chicken egg. you need a wide platform. marbled murrelet doesn't have energy to come in and build a nest. some of these nests are 30 miles inland. so they built a nest to be

exhausting. so uses what is on these white branches, which is moscow more even needles that fall from the upper branches of the tree. it has a nice wide soft platform out of reach of competitors from the ground and use a little bit of overhead cover. 120, 150 feet up a tree and those are the mature and old growth trees where it can raise its checks. >> with the endangered species act, probably the most notable impact of the scenes of the country is the northern spotted owl that created -- but in addition to that, the lifting of the marbled murrelet which came shortly after the northern spotted owl. that had an impact mostly on federal ground habitat, impact on private and state ownership. federal ownership is responsible

for recovery under the endangered species act, and non-federal ownership is responsible for conservation. so maintaining enough habitat so that the species can basically exist at the current level. >> historically, the timber industry in the pacific northwest, especially washington, has been a significant aspect of the economy and support dating back into some of the earlier settlers come into the northwest that used the resource, especially douglas fir, oftentimes used for sport trees and sailing masts for sailing ships back in the late 1800s and early 1900. it's been a long for a long -- it's been around for a long time. it had a fairly significant impact on the local community. washington is the number two producer in the united states for lumber, only behind oregon. so still northwest factor is pretty heavy in production,

economic and jobs. the overall impact of both the state and the local communities, if you look at the forestry sector as a whole, not just lumber, it's the whole aspect of forest management, the logging companies, the companies that do planting, pending the trees after we harvest, some recent numbers i looked up, 2% of the wages in the state of washington are paid for out of the forestry sector. when you talk real -- rural communities that goes up 5%. so a fairly significant impact. a lot of our rural communities in the state have been based on timber. so with reductions in federal timber harvest, those type of things have a significant impact on them. >> the court case or from the get-go but the critical one in the last year, 2013, the court cases in washington in fault a

12,000-acre parcel of the department of natural resources were slammed that was up for logging, except for the fact that the department of natural resources has no permanent long-term conservation plan, which is a requirement. so the litigation involved basically curtailing or stopping the logging into the department of natural resources has a long-term conservation plan. that plan is nothing to vote. they been operating under an interim plan since 1997, because they didn't know enough about the marbled murrelet to develop a long-term plan. the long-term plan is now quite overdue, so the decision in this particular case, in king county superior court, was to determine that the department of natural resources had to stop its

logging are not proceed with its logging into it has a long-term conservation plan, which is great for the 12,000 acres of forest. elsewhere, the timber industry is persistent in trying to the lift the marbled murrelet which is to remove it from the endangered species list, or remove sections of the population from the list, and also to remove the layer of protection for the bird. and in federal district court in washington, d.c. in april, the decision favored the conservation groups and fish and wildlife service against the timber industry. so the birds critical habitat protections has remained in place and it is still listed all segments of the population in washington, oregon and california remains as a listed species which means they will continue to have the protection that they need.

.. this is an issue that is going to in an area that produces the