an air of discrimination and an era in which we were not nearly as sensitive as we should have been two extended discrimination and the pain and damage caused. i think that we all need to be sensitive and we need redemption and everybody else does too. we need to bring people and. i wouldn't call it bullying but not attack them but try to reason with them. >> only to add one more thing, one of the things that we learned or among the things that we learned during the course of this case and during the course of the trial the experts talk about discrimination and the effect of discrimination on people's lives and the victims of discrimination. it taught us more about racial discrimination and religious discrimination. discrimination based upon characteristics that people have no control over. i think i learned an enormous amount. just listening to that trial and

seeing the effect of that kind of conduct that is so un-american on our fellow citizens and how much damage it can do to young people, particularly the suicide rate for example of young people who are struggling with their sexual identity. it isn't just discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. it's all kinds of discrimination that we were fighting and we have learned a lot. >> this is part of a larger narrative that is clear and part of a personal journey for you all as well. it sounds like this case, your partnership is not not only raised her profile to cause you to change and look back on your past and maybe reflect differently upon it. has that been the general effect? are we in a place where that narrative is going to continue unabated? do you really feel that this is

going to be a settled issue and what do you think the obstacles ahead may well be? brush off your crystal ball is a lawyer in one of these cases. >> well, i do think this is going to be a settled issue in this country. i think all you have to do is look at the demographics. and those demographics don't vary that much depending on what region of the country you are in or what political affiliation you or your parents have or even what religion you have. there is a broad acceptance of people under 30 and i think that is going to settle the issue in this country. we can't forget that there is a large world out there and we still have a lot of putin's in the world and the ayatollahs of the world preaching in this particular area discrimination and a very vicious way.

i think that you can't ignore the fact that this is something in which we have joined a community of nations that includes countries as diverse as spain, south africa, norway, britain, france, canada that their there are a lot of other places in the world in which this battle has not even begun that alone achieved the place that i think we are achieving here in the united states. this is something that is going to go on i think for a long time although i do think we will have that issue settled in this country. >> in some cases there is active or aggression in particular under the aussies that have ratcheted up. >> there are places where it's a capital offense to be gay. as david mentioned it was to advocate human rights for gay

and lesbian citizens to the crime in russia. however, in the course of the time that we have been involved in this issue, eight or nine nations have changed. france has changed, the united kingdom has changed, scotland is changed and places in mexico and numerous countries where the right to marriage is being protected and that is spreading wider. i think if you look at what david said about the demographics it is the young people in this country who are the future of this country of course but the polls are changing in the 30 to 45 age in the 45 to 60 age and the 60 and above age. starting to get into the area that david and i occupy. it's changing all across-the-board so i do think and maybe i'm an optimistic that we felt when we started this case that we felt that we kid and one another. we thought with respect to the supreme court that david would

take care of the justices that he won over in bush versus gore and i go to the others and we would have a 9-0. we didn't quite get that but that is still potentially in the future. i think maybe we are pretty optimistic about this excess of the reaction we have seen, the reaction that we see here. we have spoken to various other organizations and groups. you mention there's a documentary coming out called the case against -- and i hope everyone will see the hbo documentary. it's an extraordinarily moving depiction of this case. he comes out in june, june 23 i think it is. hbo will be releasing it. there'll be screenings and it will be in theaters may be around the same time. people can't watch that documentary without understanding the feelings of the gay and lesbian couples that we represented. you will love them at the end of

this documentary. you'll want them to have the right to get married. that's going to affect a lot of people. we believe that this is an issue but it's very important we continue to talk about it. it's very important that we have an opportunity for which we are very grateful to be here. and we are very grateful for the opportunity to speak to anybody we can speak to because we do believe that the time is going to come. one of the things that has happened and i will just mention this, the more it is accepted that your sexual orientation does not make you different from any other american, the more gays and are coming out and acknowledging their sexual identity and their sexual orientation the more more people than realize oh my friend down the street or my neighbor or might co-worker who i love and respect or might doctor or my lawyer, that's a gay person. i love them and i respect them and i want them to have the same rights as me.

that is the cycle that snowballs. more people come out to more people recognize that gay and lesbian people are just like us and the more we can talk about it the more we can contribute to that we are very interested. >> that does seem to be part of the game-changer. there has been a strategic shift as well as a tactical shift in this element of the civil rights movement where it hasn't been solely activist driven but it's been about forming coalitions and about getting republicans in new york state. that is really a sea change in the approach to civil rights away from a more activist approach, isn't it? >> i think it's a combination i think you still have the activist approach but i think you also have a point where uke can reach out and build broadening the coalition. >> and that's very different. that's very hopeful. >> it's huge. the foundation which margaret is so instrumental in was an

enormous contributor and paul singer was a very conservative political person who was enormously helpful to our case and helpful in new york in changing the legislature in new york and had an effect in maine and conservatives in the financial community have been helping us. that is also a snowball. it has its own momentum and the more conservatives come out with respect to this issue other conservatives say well i guess it sounds okay and i will join that. it makes a huge difference. >> david as a democrat i think it's very easy for people to tee off on republicans on this issue because there is a social conservative opposition which is still very vociferous trying to say now one of the rhetorical attacks the family research counsel is defense of natural marriage but the instrumental

role that conservatives and republicans have played in shifting the calculus strategically outside the courtroom. as a democrat speak to that about the impact that republicans for freedom to marry have had in helping change the environment. >> i think it has helped in a couple of different ways both of which are important. i think it has as ted says, it has encouraged other people to look at this issue and i really believe that when you look at this issue and you just sort of step out from it and you try to leave the way you talk in the way you grew up in the things you heard when you were a kid and you try to leave that behind you and you just think about this issue, i think you really only to come out one way. so i think that one of the things that ted and he is such a great leader on and other people have been great leaders on is to say to the public --

republicans and conservatives, step back and think about whether this isn't exactly what your values are. if you believe in family values, if you believe in the traditional values, isn't this exactly what you ought to be telling people that they ought to be doing and i think it has been very valuable in that respect. i think the second thing that has been very valuable is there a lot of democrats in this country and a lot of republicans in this country but there are a lot of people who are independent. there are a lot of people who are in the middle. there are a lot of people who may identify themselves as they republican or democrat who really are thinking more about the issues and the personalities than they are about the party. i think a second thing that is very valuable for the conservative and republican participation was to say to that middle ground, this is not an issue of liberals or

conservatives, activists republicans, democrats. this is a civil rights constitutional issues so i think the broadening of the base has been important to get at that independent center and i think a lot of what you are seeing is people reacting to the fact that you have had people like singer and olson and people who strongly identify with conservatives and republican issues taking the stand. that has led people to rethink it and for republicans and conservatives to rethink it would also for democratdemocrat s and independents map to rethink it. as a democrat i like to think that we are doing better than the republicans on this issue. we don't have a great record of civil rights. people are trying to mock the

1964 civil rights act were mostly democrats so i think is a party we have got to be alert to the fact that this is not is and should not the a and hint lyndon johnson succeeded because he made clear that it was not a partisan issue. >> as a southern democrat. [applause] >> just in the final few minutes you to have a book coming out that has a martin luther king reference in the title that sees appropriately to tie it all together. >> redeeming the dream is the title and it's a book that ted and i wrote together about this journey, about how we came together about the case, about our plaintiffs who are really the heart of the story. one of the things that we thought we were going to do is

we thought they were going to televise the trial. the trial court had agreed the court of appeals, the federal court of appeals would agree and at the last minute the united states supreme court stopped it 5-4. one of the regrets that i think we have is that people didn't get the chance to see plaintiffs on the witness stand. when they got on the stand, responding to simple questions like who are you, how does it feel not to be able to marry the person you love and why wide you want to marry this person, you could not listen to that testimony and not be moved. i don't think anybody in a courtroom record list of what your position was in that litigation was not moved by the humanity and the human drama of that testimony. i think that they are our best advocate. they were our best advocate. they were our best lawyers. they weren't lawyers but the power of what they did was so

much better than i think either ted or i could do in explaining the issue. i think one of the things that documentary does very well is to tell that story. i think that we tried to do that a little bit in the book. i don't think we did as good a job that they could have done if they could have televise their testimony but we tried to do a part of ringing to the american people who they are, why this was important, what it means to them and their children and what the significance of that ought to be for this issue. >> some people think of this country, that country over there as a piece of geography or a piece of history. this country is a dream and so that is what martin luther king in his eye have a dream speech means and that's why it has so much resonance. we celebrated the anniversary of

that speech just last summer as i recall and rereading that speech reminds us of what america is and having a conference like this that talks about the civil rights act of 1964 reminds us of what america is and the plaintiffs testifying in this case talked about their dreams and what it was like for them growing up and what their dream for their families and their future and their children and what their children would be like growing up and how their children would be treated. those are the dreams we were talking about. martin luther king and lyndon johnson were talking about so we named the book redeeming the dream. this is the dream of gay and lesbian citizens and overcoming proposition 8 was redeeming that dream for them. [applause]

>> i think that if you talk to any of the victims of discrimination throughout our history whether it's racial, religious, gender whatever they would say the same thing. they would talk about the pain and the emotional and economic harm and the harm to their children, all the things that gay and have been talking about in this context so i think that brings it back into the parallels that you see the civil rights movements have taken place over the last 200 years in this country. >> that's extraordinary thing and thank you for all you are doing. when you can have freedom and equality and concert that is when we return highest ideal. thank you so much for bringing this to be the explanation. thank you. [applause]

and one way it describes the model a bit. i think one way to think about the problem we are facing and the change we are facing and another reason why some people say this is our idea of the america we said no its post-war america that couldn't possibly come back and did didn't exist before the war and will never exist again anywhere in the world a country that won that war and a way that strengthened its economy while literally all of its competitors burned the judges to the ground so for decades could contain in itself the growth of liberal capitalism and all boats did rise in a way at least to some extent. that model defines our expectations in a way that is

going to need to change and it's going to be very difficult to change that. you can look her example i had the interesting experience last year reading charles murray's new book after reading paul krugman's conscious of a liberal. the book start exactly the same way with an introduction that is pure nostalgia for the 1960s and almost in the same terms and they are right. those were years that we should miss. there's a lot about them to miss that our politics is far too oriented around how can we bring that back rather than thinking about what does the world look like now and how can we make the most of america strings today? i think of parties or failing that. that's not just a conservative problem. both parties are intellectually exhausted and at the same time in a way that's very bad for the country. >> there is 50s the salsa. >> the government was big. if labor was big and there was a lot of economic dynamism at the same time. that doesn't mean we can do it today. >> so what is the future? the 60s were pretty good to

me. [laughter] i know you guys don't remember it. you guys are are busy and nothing you call the internet. you say we are not looking back. >> technically we weren't looking back. >> that is why i enjoy them. [laughter] the next first-hand stories of bombings and chemical attacks in syria. a pop singers leading protests in the ukraine and a conversation with hillary clinton and i'm ahead christine lagarde. this was part of the fifth annual women in the world summit from lincoln center in new york city new york city. this two-hour portion of the event starts with remarks from organizer tina brown. [applause] >> when i look around the theater tonight i'm so blown

away by what i see because i think some of you are going to remember that five years ago women in the world began with just 300 people like the greeks of the marble eye and look how we have ground. just as the lobo women's movement has grown to method have the people in the world are claiming their share of respect and power and dignity and wealth of education for themselves their children their worlds and tonight we are going to to have the honor of hearing from two women to leaders who contributed so much to the struggle to make that happen. managing director of the imf christine lagarde and former secretary of state hillary rodham clinton. are going to be present. [applause] they will be present and a unique dialogue between the two them the first in a public forum. meryl streep has been with us every year for five years. she developed a bad flu today

and her brilliant actress daughter will be joining us later in the summit created tomorrow we have the brilliant young peruvian poet discovered by the girl racing project. she has got an amazing following a young -- among young girls and dissidents and pager to admit this journey including the ukrainian singer and former mp. [applause] when protesters gathered in the square she memorably kept singing the national anthem to calm and hardened protesters. just bring from the ordeal of two years in the prisons of putin's russia nadia and marcia otherwise known as riot. [applause] they are here in the audience and i hope they will stand. [applause]

[applause] it's great to be able to tell you that in year five women in the world is on the move. we have taken the exhilarating energy of the summit to são paulo brazil chicago l.a. and london. we are planning san antonio texas, mexico city and thanks to all of you thanks to all of you making that happen for being here, for tweeting and spreading the word it's amazing what has happened. thanks too to my friend and co-conspirator deion von furstenberg whose awards tomorrow night are turning five. the participants in this year's summit have come tonight from 25 countries. women who are agents of change, women who are innovators and troublemakers peacemakers educators, women who are compelled by social injustice with the medieval madness of a transit of tradition or simply

by the zillion glass ceilings they have encountered. what they all have in common is a humbling and infectious optimism. here in america where we have our own issues we do sometimes lose perspective and become somewhat insular. it is not help but affect that in today's media environment so many great reporters and photojournalists and broadcasters are denying the means to do what they are best at doing and have learned to do which is tell stories and tell them with an understanding and a depth and complexity not possible in just sound bites and traffic. that is why the mission is convening will bring us the brighter world as seen through the stories of women. let them tell the stories without mediation. many of them live daily lives with challenges and it's exhilarating to be able to bring them here in full voice to the glorious stage of the lincoln center. perhaps the connections that we

forged will persuade us to re-examine our lives and in our own worlds and reflect on what we are doing. if you move to support this time money or social media you can. in fact you must. we have six ipad donation stations around. contributions correctly to them. at the end of each program we will send you the list of organizations. reach out to them on your cell phone. i know that all of them will welcome your tweeting, you're supporting your donations anything you wish to give. my guess is that you are going to want to do that. i'm inspired myself every time i meet women who risk their lives and often give their lives. what is the response to terror of the 25 euros education campaigner from pakistan who was here in the audience. i don't know where you are but i

know you were there somewhere. she is coming to join us on saturday in the stage. she told me recently that her motto in life is don't cry, strategize. don't cry, strategize. i love that. thank you for giving us the mantra of our fifth summit. she learned his this philosophy she told us from her father when he consoled her after her best friend was murdered in an honor killing. that is why it's fitting that there are excellent man in the audience as well and in the program not only in the audience but in the program. david miliband, tom friedman, charlie rose ken burns and jon stewart. john is joining us tomorrow as they moderator because he believes what is happening to women since the arab spring is no joke. i want to thank all the public spirited anchors from every network who are going to join us in the next two and a half days to moderator panels. thanks especially to the

intrepid intrepid tv newswoman cynthia mcfadden because last night when abc's martha raddatz was pulled to cover breaking new cynthia stepped in at midnight even though she was about to start her new job at nbc news to moderate this evenings panel about syria. speaking of support, thank you big-time to our loyal co-presenting sponsor toyota. toyota is with us third year running and they have been with us taking women in the world out for many of the summits we have been doing for the last three months. i want to thank them for being such great partners and i want to thank merck too. [applause] i would like to thank merck too because they have increased their commitment to become a co-presenting sponsor alongside. thank you. a warm welcome as well. [applause] a warm welcome as well to a new leadership sponsor, dove because they are joining us for the

first time with a compelling program directed at young women on saturday morning. i expressed our appreciation as well to the sustained commitment of our leadership sponsor's bank of america, at&t, the coca-cola company. thank you so much to all three of you and thank you to our supporting sponsors walmart jacob and thomson reuters. thanks to her digital partner my beloved alma mater "the daily beast" still my first read in the morning. and i would like to now say something about my cohost because if you want to know the meaning of soft power the women of renowned and dedication and grace who are my cohost of this year's women in the world. please welcome than now. thank you. [applause] >> the woman i am here for his

sister angelita a roman catholic nun in the democratic republic of the congo who works with women and girls displaced. the experience of being displaced was not a happy experience. it was a huge drama for me. we were in the bush. we were more than 20 people. at night we could not sleep. i was always scared. i had one song in my mind. lord, do what you want with me. when i was singing that song i could finally find the column. the song gave me the courage to go back to the town to identify the woman who had displaced. this is why i forecast training

and income generating activities for these women, to encourage them, to help them find a happy life. [applause] >> the woman i am here for is cynthia orellana the daughter of salvadoran immigrants now living in boston. i am cynthia and i am first. coming from an immigrant family and the first-generation born in the u.s. i had an early understanding of the challenges that people faced. my parents worked two jobs. my sisters were teen parents and my brother was a drug addict. i had two cultures, two languages and low-income realities that made a lot of opportunity seem distant. regardless of the situation i raise my personal story and made it my motivation to move forward

college was my step towards getting a rewarding career. it's not as scary as people might think. .. is compounded by a lot of social amenities for education and the preference for boys. i recall my mother saying i want

my daughters and other girls to be better than who i am. while my mother did not know how to read or write, she was devoted to enrolling girls in school. she initiated the neighbors in the program, and now i'm her successor. we are supporting girls, child education, mentoring girls who are refugees, and internally displaced persons, and advocated for policies that change gender inequalities. [applause] >> the woman i'm here for is the only housework or in the village. since i'm the only health worker into the silly taking care of a large population, i have to plan properly. on the records officer, the pharmacist, the nurse, and more.

thankfully, the committee supports me by cleaning the facility. supplies and equipment are few. the increase in maternity and outpatient charges have sometimes forced me to dig into my own pocket to procure essential medications. but i do this because i am part of the community. my work is challenging, but also very rewarding. when i see people get better and have hope, it keeps me going. my passion has been my greatest strength. [applause] >> the woman i am here for this from pakistan. i was 13 and an eighth grade student, the youngest among my siblings. i was walking home from school and i went to the store to buy a toy for my niece. and then press the handkerchief on my nose.

i fainted. i was kidnapped and then being raped life for men. they said they wanted to declare me an outlaw. then they wonder my brother and father that they would kill me. this is what happened in pakistan. men get away with it because they are powerful. these men set the rules, and they think they know how to deal with issues. they don't. my life is destroyed. my education is destroyed. my family is destroyed. i don't care what the judge does. i know i was wrong to. i will not step backwards, and though will always carry on my fight for my rights. [applause] >> the woman i'm here for is from cambodia. our government does not kill with weapons. they kill with corruption. they sold the land beneath our homes and we were expected to

disappear without a sound. i am one of the people of the lake near the capital. my home was taken, stolen from me by government agreed in exchange for skyscrapers and shopping malls. to protest is not the cambodian way. especially for a woman. but i cannot tolerate corruption. a generation of young people in cambodia are growing up with broken hearts. this cannot stand. i've been arrested, harassed. they tried to intimidate me. i have been detained in prison, held for months. it will continue, but so will we. we believe in democracy and we will fight for it. we will be seen. we will be heard. [applause] >> the woman i'm, therefore, is deafening nodd.

at the age of 23, stephanie received a 30 year is in sentence for nonviolent crime. she was the first time offender. looking back, i know i did something wrong. i met a man named john who promised the cash f. i helped him set up his new business. is business was selling crack cocaine. i helped them for little over a month. in return for money that used to pay bills and buy groceries. after six weeks i cut off all ties and moved myself and the kids away to start a new life. we were living in boston when i was indicted on drug charges. i prayed i would not survive because of my clean record and limited involvement. i could not have been more wrong. i spent the last two decades behind bars before i was granted my freedom. as difficult as my time in prison has been on me, it's been harder on my children.

my heart breaks that i've not been there for them. finding work when you have a record is tough. but i'm determined to work hard, to be a good mother and to have a good life. [applause] >> the woman i in here for is esther madudu from uganda. she is a midwife. i am always here monday to monday. deliveries are unexpected and i have to rush where ever and whenever i needed. there are days i have to run long distances to meet mothers who cannot make it to the health center, only to find that they have already delivered. once, i found a woman giving birth next to a swamp because she couldn't walk any further. it was a terrifying sight, and no woman should ever have to go through that.

i am privileged to see a life doing this are every other day, although my hard breaks to watch mothers go through such agonizing pain. not so much the agony of giving birth, but the agony of giving birth under very harsh conditions. our work can be very challengi challenging. yet we cope. [applause] >> the woman i'm here for is sadaf rahimi, afghanistan's first female boxer invited to compete in the olympic games. a man with a long beard came to the olympics office and said to the coach, you must not train girls. they even called my father to threaten his life, asking him why he had allowed his daughter

to do boxing. however, my father is happy that i practice boxing. a school classmate who sits next to me jokes that he doesn't want to sit next to me because he's scared i might punch him. i must make progress in sports, and not marry soon. afghan girls should tell the people of the world that we can progress. we can advance as well. i will proudly fight for women and afghanistan. [applause] ♪ ♪

♪ ♪ >> i was at school when it was bombed. some of the children were killed. we all ran away. i was running fast on an endless road. with my siblings, we were running back home seeking protection in my mother's arms. when we saw the bombing of the school, we thought they bombed all schools all over the world. finally i was home. the bombing stopped for a while.

mom served lunch. i ate, drank a glass of water, then went into my room with my notebook and pen. i wanted to do my homework. all of the sudden the bombing resumed. i dropped both my pen and my notebook, and i hid under the table. i thought it might protect me. i left home. i left my school bag, my notebook, my pencils. i didn't finish my homework. little by little, home is fading away, as well as the pomegranates and the lemon trees and the jasmine bush in my garden, our neighbors house, my grandfather's house, my friends house, all fading away. god, what happened to my country?

since that day, my exile started. this young girl has a name, of course, but revealing her identity might place her and her family in danger. however, oxfam has established a video link with her in lebanon, so she will be able to share this evening with us and to witness her work expressed an international audience a half a world away. so i'd like to say this to her. your words matter. words matter. you are the girl, and that i am here for tonight. and this is your poem. when i take my pencil and notebook, what shall i write about? shall i write about my school,

my house, or my land of which i was deprived? my school, when will i visit you again? take my bag and run to you. my school is no longer there. now destruction is everywhere. no more students, no more ringing bells. my school has turned into stones scattered here and there. shall i abide about my house that i no longer see, or i can no longer be? shall i write about flowers which now smell of destruction? syria, my beloved country, when will i ever return back to you? i had so many dreams, none of them will country. all i want is to live in my country in freedom. syria, my beloved country, i

love you. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪

>> good evening. i'm cynthia mcfadden. it's such a great pleasure to be here with you. with two extraordinarily courageous women. we're going to tell you what they have seen with her own eyes, and felt. as eyewitnesses to really a horrific humanitarian crisis. so, ladies, thank you very much for being with us today. hiba sawan and rania kisar, thank you both. later we will have david miliband, who's going to talk to me about some of the dire circumstances of the 9 million refugees and internally displaced people, but first we want to hear from two women have experienced what's happening in syria today. last august, your hometown was one of the places that was

attacked with chemical weapons. take us back to that day and what you saw and what you witnessed. >> that day we were placed, me and my cousin, something of activity to the kids. we were working with them. we heard on the internet that a chemical attack hit, and then after an hour we heard a similar attack it might down. we were hearing the missiles and, you know, the bombing all the night but we didn't recognize that this bombing this night is different from any other nights before. it's carrying gases, sarin gases. so after half an hour we started feeling dizzy. we started, our noses, our eyes were running, so we recognized

that there is something different in the air, and we rushed to the other rims and we wake up all of the family members and the kids. we tried to help them, to put some kind of scars on their noses. and then we decided -- >> your throat for birdie, eyes burning at this point? >> yes. our noses were running, you know. we couldn't see well, and we find some difficulties in breathing. but we didn't imagine that it would be worse. and we decide to go to the hospital to help their, because we used to be nurses at that hospital. so we rushed to the hospital and tried to. on our way, it usually takes five minutes to get there, but because of the heavy bombing and

shelling, it took us 20 minutes. i remember when we arrived at that neighborhood, i saw dozens of corpses on the streets for women and men and children. i just remember myself screaming and yelling out and saying oh, god, oh, god. i was so shocked. i didn't imagine to see that view. when i get closer i told people sadly, you know, in a very scary way, frightening way, i was afraid of them. and then i saw one of the doctors at the door of the hospital. he says, me and my cousin, go to the hospital and try to help. downstairs at the hospital, it's like a basement, 300 square meters basement, and it was all full of people, injured people,

dead people, people who were crying, screaming and shouting, trying to wake up their relatives. it was very scary. very, very scary situation, horrible. >> you and your brother were there over a bit of time. just being in contact with the people was make you sick as well. >> yet. we didn't know that we don't have to be in direct contact with those people. all we have to do, we were able to do is just take off their clothes and wash their bodies with water and put vinegar on their mouths and noses, and for some severe cases, we had small amount of shots. that's all that we have. we didn't recognize that this contact will affect us. >> could you smell anything at that point speak was yes. a different smell in the air,

but we don't have a lot of time to think about it. you know, we were told that we will die that day because of not only the chemical attacks, it also a shelling. so there were injured people coming from the chemical attacks and from the gases, and people were injured from the shelling. >> you actually lost your site for great of time. >> i couldn't see. i was blinded for a week after that day. yeah, i remember, the corpses in the house next to the hospital because there's no place anymore in the hospital for them. so, and after that, that house was shelled also. so those dead people died twice that day. >> i want to talk to you in a moment about the children because, of course, in any conflict, children suffer so terribly, women, but the town

had been under siege before this chemical attack. >> for a year. >> for a year. what were the conditions prior to the chemical attack? >> the most horrible condition you can imagine, no schools, no services, no food. >> no power. >> nothing. day after day the situation became worse and worse. the kids and the children were the most affected. we felt that, like their children were stolen from them. we tried to do something to them. me, my cousin, some of the girls from the town, they tried to help us. we do some kind of entertaining things, some kind of parties. we tried to regain the joy and

happiness of their lives. we organized a party, you know, like a holiday. >> at the end of ramadan? >> guess. we organized a very, very beautiful party. it was very, it was not a week before the chemical attack. just a week. some of those kids who attended the party died that day. that day, 2300 died, 900 of them were women, 700 of them were children. >> say that again. >> in one night, 2300 people died, that were killed. 900 were women, 700 were children. >> you are already politically motivated before all of this.

tell us about what happened to your father. >> my father raised me to be a little girl. at the end of 2011, he was detained for helping injured people. >> for helping injured people? >> yeah. >> not for political activism. not for trying to overthrow the regime. for trying to help people? >> yeah. he's not, he's just a simple man. he just motivated me all the time, and my brother, too. to take our rights. >> you said he raised you to be a rebel? >> yeah. he always told me about how the father gets the power and how do

they kill people in 1980s. so he told me a lot of things, and he told me that one day we have to liberate our country before the revolution started. >> do you know where your father is today? >> no. we just know that he's in jail. we hear rumors about him, but we don't know if it its information, inaccurate information about him. >> like so many people have disappeared? >> yes. >> thank you. i know how -- i can't imagine how hard it is to have to relive this, but we benefit so much from understanding your testimony and your witness of it. thank you. >> thank you. thank you for this chance. [applause] >> can i tell them you are worried about your english? no need to worry about english.

you communicated just fine, my friend. rania come you spend your early childhood here in the united states, but have been back to your country many, many times to syria. you were there for two years during the height of, and till now i guess you can say. of the conflict. tell me about the day you experienced the barrel bombing. >> it was january 2013. i was doing door-to-door destitution in the little village in the northern suburbs of hommel. there was absolutely nothing going on that seemed a little bit peculiar. there were kids riding on the bikes a little vegetable cart, and then all of a sudden the helicopter comes and your people screaming, nekacit. which means it's descending to

you look around you and all of a sudden you see mothers carrying children, one with one arm and one with another arm, and looking for a hole to jump in like a rat. six barrels fell on us that day. it was, i'm sure that the people who know about what is going on in syria have heard the words scary, horrific, disastrous. it was a combination. you didn't know where the barrels were going to falsely didn't know where to hide. and did you know if you could stay alive or not. luckily for me, sadly for them, it felt about half a kilometer away from us, and it brought down two buildings. as we headed towards those buildings, we wanted to see who was still alive so we can try to pull them out from under the ruins. and we're all running, and

there's a three year old child under the ruins. i really didn't think he was dead. i had no idea that the back of his head was open. because from the front he looked quiet. i have seen a combination of kosovo, rwanda, darfur holocaust. everything i have read in history i see it practiced industry as we speak the every four minutes a decision person is eating. every 10 minutes a syrian a person is missing. every 13 minutes a series in person is wounded, and every 15 minutes, a syrian human being is getting killed. >> two people will die in syria why we're having this conversation? >> yes, ma'am. >> one of the other things about the barrel bomb that day anyway was that many people's lips

turned blue. you don't know what was in the barrel bomb. >> we did know what was in the barrel bomb. when you get up from the white smoke and you can actually start seeing ahead, you look at people's faces come and everybody's mouth was blue, including mine. for many, many months after that, everybody was coughing, and i'm still coughing. i'm still coughing a very strange cough. we don't know what they put in these barrel bombs. >> let's talk a little bit about daily life in syria right now, to the best that you can both paint a picture for me. 80% of the country has been demolished on the ground. 80%, which means as you were pointing out, no water, no electricity, no food. >> no diesel.

>> no school. no school which is not insignificant. no school for the children, right? >> that's the most horrible thing, for syria is not having school. that means a whole generation is in danger. a lost generation for kids just to see violence, just to see blood and all these terrible things, and forget about learning, forget about improving their lives. that's very harmful. that gives, the future is not going to be that bright for syria if the situation stays like that. because those kids will no syria. we are out of school, we are out, away from education, and all these needy things for us. that means the future is here he is not going to be as bright as

we dreamed of. >> you were telling me earlier that it's a sunny days that you dread because those are the days that planes can fly. the cloudy days you think maybe there's a break in the shelling. >> yes. >> if i may just add one thing. currently, the percentage of illiteracy in syria is over 20%. children over six years old have not gone to school for three years and a row. there are two reasons for the. the first reason is that when they actually go to school, these schools get shelled and targeted. we have seen many horrific events of schools being targeted while the kids are in school. it happened in two places. >> there have been u.n. charges that children are being targeted in syria, specifically. you're a witness to that. >> a lot of kids who died in my town were killed by snipers, and those snipers are knowing that those, they are killing kids.

they are killing children. that's very horrifying, because i feel like they are, you know, there are punishing -- >> punishing -- >> punishing the parents. >> so tell me, rania, which were trying to do to make a difference. >> well, we always say something seek him that the revolution is not just arrive. arrive. arrive. it's also getting and sending it to a person in need. it's also a song, a prayer, a drop of tear, a flame of hope. i do whatever i want to do because, well, let me rephrase that. i am who i am because of the country that i grew up in. i grew up here. i learned in the united states that you are supposed to someone when they are in need. three years ago i went to syria, and i'm going back. >> are you frightened? >> i'm petrified.

i'm petrified. [applause] >> five kilometers, as you had from turkey inside syria, five kilometers, you're no longer safe and you don't know when your moment might come. we are okay on the ground, but we are never okay in the air. the helicopters, and meg twenty-seventh, the missiles, the artillery, we get shelled in the northern states of syria. we get shelled at least seven to eight times on daily basis. and if -- i made a picture for you. it's a little city of at least 20,000 people with population. it's a ghost city now. there's absolutely no sign of life. you go inside the city and you look at the streets and the buildings, and the walls are down and you see the beds where

people were still sleeping and you can see the blood stains still on the bed sheets. syria is dead your. >> try to come in many ways women have been at the heart of this. women have -- men have suffered greatly, but as is true in the world and conflict when men are suffering, women are suffered worse, and the children were still. >> city and women have participated in everything, and every part of the revolution. as demonstrators, as an activist, everything she participated, and as for the role that the man plays in the

revolution, she was behind that. she was behind the whole revolution. this is my opinion and i'm so proud to be a syrian woman. [applause] >> well, i have to say if the two of you are good examples, syria and women are strong and they are relentless and they will make a difference in all of this. will you go back? >> i'm planning to stay now at the border between syria and turkey, but we are going to go into the northern part of syria and tried to do something to program for the kids, psychological programs, educational programs. that's our plan. >> i know you are both despairing for your country i will talk to david in a minute about international response and he managing crisis that exists. but do you believe that syria

can rise again, can come back? >> well, we've already won. i can give you several examples. on how we won. for example, this year you women can now purchase abate in all different aspects of the public world without having to be belonging to a particular party. they can be free. they can be democratic. they can be independent and liberal. the evolution, the social evolution that i've witnessed in my training seminars while i was coming from one village to another, and we would be getting shelled by missiles, and the trainees would say please continue. please continue. it was remarkable -- >> we want to die educated and he told me. >> that's what they said. if we're going to die, we want to die educated. please continue. [applause]

[inaudible] there is no give up. we will continue. >> you will continue to fight. you hav have inspired me at endf inspired this audience. ladies, thank you so much for sharing your story. [applause] >> amazing. amazing. i think we are, i'm going to move over this way and we will talk to david. thank you so much. [applause] >> so, well, it's dire. it's dire but not hopeless, or you wouldn't be here. >> it's our job in the irc and the other human care and -- humanitarian our positions to immolate the kind of

extraordinary courage, resilience that you've heard tonight, and it's truly an honor to be here and public to be on the same platform as the women that you've heard from tonight. but the test what you've heard from them is the testimony of our staff here we see every day running cross-border operations into syria, or operating in the four neighboring countries where we are acted. >> david, it has been called the worst he managing crisis of the 21st century. put it in some context for me. first of all, do you agree? secondly, let me understand -- >> it's the worst he managing crisis and it's the defining humanity and crisis. the tragedy is, it's that is, it's that's funny is, it's that funny feeling of a human is, it's that funny feeling of a human editor in response as well and that's what we need to address. people talk about this as the kind of rwanda of the 21st century. i can see why. we are coming up on the 20th anniversary of the appalling genocide in program to but i think there's a different historical parallel. imagine in 1979 when the soviet union invaded afghanistan, a

sickly half of the population were displaced into neighboring countries. that's what's happening today. 9 million figure that you've used tonight, that's out of a population of 21 million. 3 million into the neighboring countries, 6 billion displaced in their own country. you've heard extraordinary testament about what's going on inside syria but i don't think people appreciate what's happening in the neighbors. in lebanon, a country of 4.5 million people and it's got 850,000 refugees. that is like the whole of britain, the whole of britain -- shall i have your mic? thank you someone can do something about my mic. >> can you hear him speak what i mean, the scale of the refugee burden in lebanon is like the whole of britain coming to america let's say for three months -- three years. it's an extraordinary toll on very fragile societies. that's why i think it's

important to see it's not just a syrian civil war, it's a regional conflagration of major defining proportions. >> the crisis is not getting better. it's getting worse. the u.n. -- we have more. everyone can have a mic. >> television is easier. i've got to tell you the honest truth. it is. [laughter] first of all the art all those people out there. you can see the cameras that let you don't have to worry about this. anyway, to the point. the u.n. humanitarian has given a report in syria declaring that the situation has only gotten worse in the five weeks since the sturdy council passed a resolution, which i might note actually had the russians signing on, and yet still there is ais a passage inside the couy to deliver humanity and eight. if the security counsel resolution isn't working, what

will? >> for three years we have been arguing for a humanitarian resolution of the united nations. we finally got one. if there's one thing worse than not having a resolution, it's having a resolution that isn't then follow. it makes a mockery not just of the united nations as institution, it makes a mockery of the countries that have voted for. it's significant what valerie has said. we're doing very simply that every permanent member of the student council plus other countries in the region with an interest need to appoint humanitarian envoys of a very cities nature who can give daily attention to this. with all the crises in the world, ukraine, south sudan, the attention of john kerry and other foreign ministers is dragged elsewhere. this is a crisis that has party and episodic attention on the humidity inside and it needs sustained attention. that kind of initiative drawing on u.n. ambassadors or other

former secretaries of state or senior politicians to play a daily role in exposing the brutality, and forging the local cease-fircease-fir es, about 40 stations like ours to deliver a. even in the last three years, the irc has managed to help 500,000 syrians with medical aid, and 500,000 syrians with nonmedical items to get through the winter. what you heard tonight, she said she received one of the aid packages that we sent in the. so it is possible to get a cross-border. it's very hard to get across conflict lines. that's what we need to daily engagement to ensure that despite a civil war, you can deliver aid to those in need. >> so what kind of pressure can you bring? do think the observer some of his country, is that the next step? >> i wouldn't describe them so much as observers. they are agitated. not just -- agitators with attitude and credibility and with authority.

the authority of their governments. but the truth is attention wanders. the wanting attention is betraying generations of people in syria and the neighboring countries. given the focus of this conference, 80% of the refugees are women and children. just be absolutely about that. every crisis, who bears the greatest brunt? its women actually. we are running 18 centers in the neighboring countries. what do the women who come to the center's report to us? what the report to us is much heightened levels of sexual violence, massively increased levels of domestic violence, and, shockingly, in 20% of the caseload that we have in jordan, women saying forced early marriage is part of the family experience. that means they're young girls being forced into marriage for reasons of security, or simply to get money into the household. that is the kind of trauma that

is being suffered every day by women, and they're young girls, in syria and in the neighboring countries. >> in terms of the syrians have been able to leave the country, the unmasking of these camps in lebanon, primarily, but in the region, what -- >> it's really interesting that you use the image of the camp, because the iconic image of a refugee is somewhat in a refugee camp. but 85% of the refugees in syria crisis are not in camps. in lebanon that expense with palestinian refugee camps and they vowed never to build another can't. so in lebanon, 850,000 people, refugees in that country, or in the urban areas. 1000 lebanese towns and cities have doubled the population because of the refugee flow. this is people sometimes with savings, remember this is a middle-class country, syria, is

dissolving before their eyes. they're renting, our wing, begging, squatting. go to any accountability in lebanon and you will meet syrian refugees. the older model of delivering services in refugee camp doesn't work. that's why the education we want to offer this committee based where refugees are teaching the kids, we've got curriculum to help them do that. what i would say is there a partial humanitarian response outside the country, which desperately needed added resource, and inside the country you have two and half million people deceased and cut off from aid virtually completely. >> what does this say about the rest of us that people are living in these circumstances? >> well, i think that, i hesitate to say this but, let me give you an example. for our organization we raise more money from the public in the space of four or five weeks

of the philippines crisis than we raise in three years of the syria crisis. >> natural disasters are more appealing to people apparently. >> i don't believe that people have lost their spirit of generosity. what i think is happened is they lost a sense they can make a difference. >> so it's a bleak picture. >> the message i want to say is that actually there is more capacity in the ngos, not just the irc but other incredibly brave ngos to do much, much more and that's why there's a test, you are right, the test being posed to all of us. there's a test the government whether they want to step up to do the relatively easy things, which are about supporting a manager in it, nevermind hard things of stopping the war. there's a test for the neighboring countries who are under huge burden. a test for ngos about whether or not we can amend our practice and changed the way we work so that we are operating in urban areas with the kind of advocacy and efficiency that people have right demand but also there's a

test for all of us, the public. because look, post-iraq, post-afghanistan, post financial crisis. you can see why the temptation is to turn away from abroad. my very strong message is that we can't afford to turn away. and the people, the poor people that you've heard from who said to me, can't afford us to turn away because 80% of humanity and aid still comes from western countries. >> 80% of? >> yes. >> so in addition to sending our dollars, is this a situation that can be affected by political pressure here at home, do you believe? or do you think that there's no, that's just not going to work? >> you've got to believe that. i spent 15 years in politics and about politics six month ago to join the humanity movement. clearly i believe -- [inaudible] >> it's important to see the two ends of the telescope.

what i say to people is, the humanitarian sector, we can stop the dying but it takes politics to stop the killing. you need to operate on both sides. the fear always any military movement is we don't want to be politicized. that is right. we deliver aid in partially an independent to those in need. but the message is a different one. those politicized humanitarian movement bring humanity to politics and that is the voice that needs be heard in the corridors of power aspect that seems like a perfect place to end. david miliband. thank you so much. fantastic. >> thank you. [applause] ♪ ♪

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♪ [applause] >> i am melanne verveer and i'm a ukrainian american. and this is the woman i am here for. [applause] >> internationally acclaimed pop singer does not begin to

describe her. she is a patriot who cares passionately about her country, its democracy, independence and freedom. in 2004 when ukraine was threatened with a sham election, she used her celebrity during the orange revolution. and she joined millions of our fellow citizens in independence square to stand with them and rally them on behalf of a democratic ukraine. she has served in parliament. she has thought for the reform of ukraine's criminal justice system. she has championed human rights. and she has led the fight against human trafficking. a terrible scourge that extracted a toll on women and girls in ukraine, as it does in

so many places. they are inside with the prospect of good jobs, and instead they are thrust into the nightmare of modern-day slavery. they disappear, often never to be heard from again. she produced video clips to alert women and girls to the dangers posed by the traffickers. and worked with united nations on a campaign of which her song, not for sale, became an anti-trafficking rallying cry around the world. [applause] >> and last year when ukraine was threatened by pro-kremlin forces, she became the protest leader on the euro maidan.

again, rowling her fellow citizens night after night for hours on end in the freezing cold to keep up their spirits as they stood for ukraine's integration with europe, as they stood for justice, for dignity, for freedom. and what you saw in the video is true. as the situation became grave and the crackdown began, and with it, violence that still lives, it was her voice on the loudspeaker. in the midst of the chaos and the or, singing the ukrainian national anthem, emboldening her countrymen and women. she received death threats. she was told she would be killed if she didn't leave the protest. but she kept singing. and kept believing in a better

future or her country. she has been compared to joe navarro -- joan of arc. she has been acclaimed as a true heroine of ukraine. and just last month in washington, the first lady presented her with the international woman of courage award for her steadfast commitment to nonviolent resistance and national unity, and the fight against corruption and human rights abuses. and now you will learn even more about this courageous woman. whom i am so proud to call my dear friend. [applause]

>> well, thank you so much for that first global ambassador for women. i think in that role she has held for four years, she is really the most extraordinary things. it's one of the great undocumented and distort things. [applause] >> welcome. such an incredible moving -- >> allow me to explain more about this magical light. it's always a symbol of freedom. when we were on the maidan, you have to understand how it would be. all night, thousands people were on maidan with these lights.

it means that we are powerful and we are free. [applause] >> if you want -- if you want support ukraine, just switch on this light. everybody has that. it means that we support freedom, independence of ukrai ukraine. >> lights are deathly appearing in the audience. >> we have small maidan here. >> a mini maidan. i love it. >> thank you very much. [applause] >> ruslana, do you -- >> this is present for maidan. >> thank you so much.

you have just come from ukraine, ruslana, and you're on the ground for the maidan for the last four months. you are an iconic face of the revolution. give us just a sense, everyone wants to know the feeling, the human sense of what it's been like and what looks like now in ukraine from the inside. >> first of all, allow me to explain more about the situation right now. ukraine is in danger of we have worked to it's about ukraine choose democracy. not empire of putin. we have, we lost crimea. as you know, there was a referendum, we call like that. that.. ..

still for this time, even now, everything. people believe we change our country. we will change ukraine. we don't have the resolve right now. i'm happy it disappear, but i'm really focused for your election. i'm not sure that putin will agree with the new president. that is why we have the hand the most dangerous time for crane. about maidan, formats the peace

process. all, every day, every night about 5000 people still 100 people every night. 100 night i was in maidan. 100 night. [applause] it was cold. it was called of course and it was dangerous. >> at one point you are singing the national anthem. were you not afraid of that time? >> i have a story. last night >> that's okay. she arrived. i was on the stage with microphone trying to support people with this, you know, with

the boots on, with the good words, sometimes explaining what is going around when we had attack. i remember my friend oscar buzz lana leaves stage. i said why? snipers shooting for you. snipers looking for you. i said now, i have essays and i take off, leave. i am strong enough. i'd never leave stage. snipers can see at me. i'm not afraid. so the second story was on the stage also. i remember the last really bad night we had before people were killed. a lot of bombs clashed together

at the same time. i was so nervous that they asked to the military guy, shut up. give me time to space and being. i have a lot of stories like that. [laughter] [applause] >> so ruslana, have we in the united states, have we been naïve about? because we seem to get it wrong every time. so tell us, what do you think when it is what idea, psychology? you're there. you know him. you'd not know him personally, be you have been living with this. >> i'm sorry, but you never understand putin.

you never understand his empire. it comes from despair. so what russian empire means, human life means nothing. he is dangerous. >> ruslana, you are very active in the orange revolution. what has driven you to your activism? everything disintegrated into political process, corruption, bad government. but i want that after the orange revolution. what is going to be different this time? we've been through that. he went through that in ukraine.

why should this be different? why is it different this time? >> we never lost maidan. maidan is people powered. it is human for freedom to control government, to change our country. this is why we never lost maidan again. we lost after the orange revolution in 2004. these guys will change our country. but now, i ink maidan about now, about putin, not about election or change our country. we unite all country. western parts from eastern price of ukraine, north, south, together for this war.

i think putin worry about people power. i have bad news for him a few ballon to a putin right now. >> you can. >> that is mr. putin, i think your price will send this statement from the stage. i have bad news for you. we will see you one day when russia's people will switch on lights, russian lights and freedom. i think maidan will when brescia. >> do you think putin was last acting not out of strength, but fear because he saw what happened in maidan and he

thought this could come in russia? i could and never chased out of my country? >> it is vital between money, big money, and big putin money. he has a lot of power. nobody can stop him. he has propaganda. but this battle, for all of us, between money and truth between war and peace, ukraine -- because are not going to go to war. what should russia be doing in

the united states? >> please, we would ask, of course we wait for your help as a country is guarantor of independent which goes from budapest agreement, wait for help from u.s.a. to u.k., not from russia of course. it's really bad example. it's really bad example. the young generation will see, putin is strong enough. a bad example for the young generation. that's why we need to stop putin. you understand how it's bad for everybody. so let's support the freedom.

>> ruslana, everyone who has a light, we put them on an artist thank you so much. [applause] him to the mat. mac mac for a big doubleheader, two women who just defined women. kristi lingard is the superwoman of all the road economy says managing director of the imf. she has been at minister of agriculture and minister of

trade. she was the first woman to become finance with g8 economy, first had the imf and the first french head of the imf to behave in approachability and a hotel. [cheers and applause] in fact, she's got everything except for perhaps a motorcycle helmet. former secretary of state, hillary rodham clinton needs no helmet. [cheers and applause] she's been hit with everything and never broken stride and she has her own share of notable firsts. she was first lady of the united states, first lady of arkansas and most impressively perhaps the first student commencement speaker of wellesley. she was also the first female chair of the legal services

corporation, the first female partner, the first female senator from new york and at the moment first in the heart of democrats to be the next president of the united states. [cheers and applause] now i know why the script said paz for applause. the only person more qualified than hillary clinton as abraham lincoln and the tea party wouldn't have it. so let's show our appreciation now for our first among women tonight. francis menefee, christine lagarde and america's remarkable, hillary rodham clinton. [cheers and applause]

[applause] >> one other thing i was very lucky tonight to have tom friedman from "the new york times." he is a man, but he sent next best thing, which is a sensitive man. so let's be very nice to him. tom, where are you? [cheers and applause] >> what was i thinking? [laughter] i've got my gross in my head.

don't blow it, dad. i really want to begin, first of all, some remarkable testimony in different countries. but i want to pick up with why ruslana was saying about ukraine. you both have to negotiate with vladimir putin who does not strike me as the most people friendly guy, what did you learn from that experience? what should we know about him as a person and how are we doing in managing this crisis? madam secretary. >> tom, first it is great to see you and i am thrilled to be back here at this wonderful conference. i think tina and everybody who's put together and i'm especially pleased to be here with christine lagarde who has just shown such great leadership your

ukraine beat one example, but there are so many more through the international monetary fund. we could be here until breakfast talking about what's going on with russia and in particular what is going on with vladimir putin. so i will be brief and just make if points. vladimir putin in my view is motivated by the past. he wants to re-created. you must reclaim it. he wants to restore what he views as the proper place of russia in the world order. he is motivated by his looking back on history, going back to desires. he has publicly said the collapse of the soviet union was a great catastrophe. he believes that politics is a zero sum game, which means that russia can't do well with all the great resources and assets

russia has started with his people is other people are doing well and therefore he wants to do what he can to elevate the russian position, particularly in its neighborhood, among those countries that used to be part of the soviet union and were part of the warsaw pact. so what he seems now to be doing is looking for ways to score points at home to build up his political base relying on nationalism and the appeal to greater russia, to avoid the kind of protests and demonstrations that were beginning to raise questions about his legitimacy, the direction he was taking his country. so one of the surest ways of diverting attention is caused a ruckus somewhere else. he wants to stop the further europeanization of those parts

of europe, particularly south and east and he wants to try to create a competitor to the european union, which he calls the eurasian unit with countries like ella roos or kazakhstan. and then of course there is the very personal feeling that crimea was giving way. he has said about to redraw the boundaries of post-world war ii europe, something we all thought were settled. now, i wouldn't believe over the long run it's a losing strategy. and i think that the united states and our european allies, we have to be both strong and patient. we have to help to restore the opportunity of the baltic nations, other eastern european nations to feel free from intimidation and that is largely a question of both energy supplies and preventing the

subversion of their democracies by influence peddling a few well, starting from moscow. i think that this is a time for the west come abide by the united states and international organizations like the imf to be very clear that the takeover of crimea was illegal, illegitimate. the united nations general assembly has overwhelmingly condemned at comment that we need to be putting together both financial and tech nickel assistance for ukraine said that they can emerge from this crisis stronger and unified and we have to play along came ourselves. and part of our problem is we are raucous democracy as our our friends in europe and we're all trying to get our budgetary houses in order. we are trying to set their own priorities with our own people. we like previous generations of leaders and citizens have to say

to ourselves, it is really important that we say no to somebody like vladimir putin and that we do it in a smart way that makes them think twice about what is trying to achieve. >> thank you. [applause] >> madam lagarde come is interesting, maybe the two most important people that putin has to wrestle with, the international state, yourself and angela merkel, who will determine more about how the story and then weathered as well. it's up to date on your negotiations with ukraine because you are central to providing economic support they need to stand through this crisis. >> thank you very much, tom. i'm also delighted to be with you to review. -- at the two of you. in ukraine, we've been on the

ground srs to ukraine authorities called us. we fought it with fact-finding because we needed to know what is in the books, how much research there was and the central bank. >> how bad was that? >> it was bad. [laughter] was more complicated with ukraine is you have all the normal authorities who can think of, but then there are some other peril entities which are operating legitimately, but i've also some funny second set of books. so we did that and we immediately converted as soon as possible to the negotiation vote and i'm so proud of the team that was on the ground because there is a group of men and women who stay dare come stationed in kiev and working some 18, 19 hours a day after day after day after day.

they concluded the negotiation and we'll be submitting to the board of the imf, which includes all member states, including russia a program under which we will land to ukraine anywhere between 14 and $18 billion probably and more importantly because money is one game and there's a need for money. not just the imf, but many others as well. we'll expect the ukrainian authorities and ukrainian people to take their destiny, to take the economy into their hands and to deal with it in a transparent, honest, governed by the rule of law so they can go in the direction that people have indicated was their future. to do that, there will be lots of things. i won't bore you with the budget that needs to be voted with the truth of the price of energy that will have to come about, the right exchange rate with a

currency has to be. all of those things have to go -- have to happen over time. it doesn't have to happen overnight, but it needs to happen and it needs to be implemented, checked, controlled in the name of the people. >> a quick follow-up. are we the united states doing our share to support the imf in this? tell the truth. >> all right. you are asking the truth. no, no. [laughter] >> what are we doing? one who doesn't know the inside of the story would be interested to know what are we doing? >> the imf is in three businesses. surveillance. we go into the skin of the economy of our members to see if it's right. we lend money to countries in difficulty and we've done that over the last 70 years around the world, starting in ukraine after the second world war, latin america, asia, back to

ukraine to central and eastern europe when the iron curtain fell. we do that. that's their business. to go strong because we need to do that for some countries, including in particular ukraine. we need to have a very solid capital base. we cannot live on renewable loans. you cannot be a firefighter and have a little tub that opens overtime. you need to have the big hooves. [laughter] that's what we need. pretty much the entire membership of the imf has ratified the reform does agree to and actually supported actively by the united states back in 2010 and now unfortunately the congress has not taken the opportunity to finally ratify this reform. because the united states has a veto right in the institution because of the leading member. it was a founding partner, it

can block everything. so i'm the firefighter and i've got this tub which works. it's a pipe, but it's not a big pose as i need it. >> certainly clinton, 19 years ago you went to beijing and participated in the first women at u.n. summit they are. one of the things you said they are with never again will we separate women's rights are human rights. [applause] how are we doing? give us your report card. >> well, tom, we cannot have beijing with a platform for action that was agreed to buy the 189 countries that sent official delegations on that platform for action called for the full participation of women in their economies, in their political systems with access to health care and education to be

fully functioning, equal citizens. i think we have certainly made progress. there is absolutely no doubt about that. i am working for the clinton foundation on a project called no ceilings to try to really assess what we've achieved, where the gaps are and also what the agenda for the future should the because 19 years ago we didn't really imagine that digital technological world in which we find ourselves today. so we are looking at a glass half-full, not have sent me the way it was 19 years ago. and there are different challenges depending in part on different levels of development and different cultural religious, social attitudes and practices. and i think it is important particularly for a fabulous gathering like this one as to be

part of the international taking stock with what we have achieved and what more we need to do. there are still some horrific situations. you know, there are still girls who were born who are not even registered at earth. they are so considered secondary. there is still a disparity, particularly in asia driven primarily by china and india because of their large populations between the population numbers of girls and boys. there's about a 3 million plus gap. girls are still the last to be fed, still denied health care, still forced to labor, unable to go beyond primary education, and married at young ages. so we know we have those obvious

discriminatory laws, regulations, practices we still have to tackle. but then there are the more subtle obstacles, the ones that christine and i have talked about and she's been highlighting to the work of the imf for the world bank and the u.n. and so many organizations in the public and private sector. so i think it's important that we really look at this broadly and say yes we've made progress. let's be proud of that. but we can't rest. we have a long way to go for the gold that was set in 1995 is reached. >> madam lagarde, in your work in the developing world, are you seeing in your investment in education for women and girls, are you seen the multiplier you expected? >> tom, i brought a present for

you. [laughter] my column for sunday. >> women, work in the economy. you'll have all of the numbers. [applause] >> give us a summary. >> it's really important to actually measure and to then i didn't buy what policies need to be fixed in order to give access, open up the economy, remove the barriers and not just the cultural barriers, but the economy barriers as well, tax barriers. so what we did is identify in many countries what input women can bring to generate more output? i know this is economy jargon, but essentially if you bring more women to the job market, you create value, makes economic

sense and growth is improved. there are countries where it's almost a no-brainer. korea, japan, soon to be china, certainly germany, italy. why? because they have an aging population. immigration is complicated. so what's the deal? open up the market for women and their very explicit numbers in there that show the level of gdp in each of these two countries can be significantly improved just by electing women access to job markets. we are very pleased having done the studies and very detailed work about some of those countries, the prime minister of japan has decided to put in his budget a big allocation for childcare centers. he has set targets. [applause]

in addition to measuring, you also need to set targets. targets are really important. when you're the prime minister japan has says he'll be 70% of women in the workforce -- 70% of the women will access to workforce. when you have the prime minister of korea saying the same thing, they're measurable results to be had. if you look at what the netherlands have done, eliminate all the discrimination, that doesn't improve the situation of dutch women accessing the job market. when you look at what the president of brazil did followed by president recess to subordinate certain indemnities, allocations and other welfare benefits to the fact that women can actually go to work and show up for work so the people who