cafe but in the winter it is cold. but inside somebody was smoking. but it was her cafe. [laughter] so they have imposed draconian rules over there as well. [laughter] and almost within the other european country. >> there is of very famous set of studies with obesity. but he left out all the countries that contradicted his hypophysis that carbohydrates were really

bad so it is hard to do that. i did try to correlate i think it was a gdp with the degree of smoking it was is essentially zero. the repeople smoke to the richer the country but it was not a causation. probably rich countries have more pressure on smokers than not. >> [inaudible] >> it is not accessible on line but it is a paltry $20. but we had to figure out in

there not known for the marketing drive. it says 15 pounds in the zero fat tax. [laughter] -- a fat tax. >> any other questions? >> the book "unlucky strike" is available all cited he will be happy to sign them we are even selling this at $15 and. [laughter] so thank you we will see you at the next meeting. thank you. [applause] [inaudible conversations]

connect to the condition by cornyn geography to respond to nature and art if there was of a speech i.org if there is a western character or personality i am a variant of it. if there is a western culture in a small sea i have not escaped its. i may even have contributed to win it in minor ways but

culture is up period as. >> and experiencing most of the 20th century to depict as they move from the earliest of his publications through the last prior to his death in 1993. >> we are absolutely thrilled to have his papers. we think of him as a native son to salt lake city and saw this as his residence of note. of the collection is a very sizable collection we have some of it here to look at. it details his career and

his writings and correspondence and his diaries from early on, certainly his salt lake city time and university of utah. you don't find a lot that shows while he is writing. he was us typewriter guy or would be a laptop for computer guy today. here we have a notebook basically a diary note. he is traveling in the west, and nevada, and it appears has been into new mexico and arizona to spend time in navajo country. looked at his titles of place, as a lot so the idea of placing and what it means

and what characteristics does it hold? it seems to be are enormously important to him. and he was looking at west that was changing to radically from the time of his youth which born in that era of the course still and looking for ways to maintain the concept of the west that was part of his earlier life. we have one of his typewriters. we have three. i don't know how many he wore out in his career but he almost never wrote a first draft and he tied to that which is a little challenging to the darkest because it is hard to figure out which was the

originating draft of this work and which was the submitted draft? you can kind of get it and he does a lot of editing by a pencil so you can distinguish that. it is clear he was a very good self editor and could edit his own work and was rigorous about it. and it appears he did it with patients. for instance this is how he would see his manuscript developing as he writes but he has typed it and crossed out and i believe it is recapitulation. these are the galleys and the examples that would be

the first full printing of the recapitulation. >> one of my favorite works because i obeyed his creation -- the story on is beyond the 100th meridian is about john wesley powell is called the second opening of the west. in that work he lays out the carrier has the explore of the west and what he accomplishes. the importance is he says that beyond the 100th meridian scarcity of water will define how those parts of the westar developed. this book is about that area of the of way that powell

gets to that conclusion. it is a wonderful work and it is just splendid. a work of history. and some people referred to stegner as a historian. . .

lydersen the west and of the west and from the west have a very hard time being recognized as part of the american literary group and he felt that. so angle of repose is a major achievement with its pulitzer prize award and trying to counter that. and get recognition for western writers. this is the official letter informing him that he won the pulitzer prize. it's dated may 1, 1972. very brief for such an honor. i take pleasure in confirming the award of the 1972 pulitzer

prize in fiction to you for angle of repose. in accordance with this action today by columbia's -- that would be the columbia university's trustees i enclose university's check for $1000. congratulations. as we move further away from that period of wally being active as a writer i think he is probably less red, less well understood as a force on and about the west. in a lot of ways i think he is still a very viable and articulate interpreter of the west even though the west has changed a lot since his passing. i think there is a lot to be taken from his writings that educate you on the west and on who we are and what we are in

the west. >> i'm happy to sign my book at the end in case i ever amount to anything you can sell it on ebay for twice the price. >> testing, testing. good. >> okay welcome to the 30th annual chicago tribune printers row lit fest. my name is tom with the festival. i want to give a special thank you to all of our sponsors. the others but will will be sold in the main lobby and 80 signing will take place outside the auditorium. the book signing will immediately follow the program. today's program will be broadcast live on c-span2's's booktv. if there's time at the end for a

q&a session with the author and we have left about five minutes we ask that you use the microphone located to your right at the front of the auditorium. if you want to watch this program again our coverage will re-air at 11:00 central time on saturday and sunday. that's tonight and tomorrow. please keep the spirit of lit fest going all your description should -- subscriptsubscript ion to the premium book section fiction series a membership program. this year we are also introducing a new digital bookstore throughout tribune books app. take one of the promo cards you were handed out a map provides you information about the app and access to the special book clubs. before we begin today's program please silence your cell phones and turn your camera/off but feel free to take photos and post to twitter instagram and facebook of course with the #printers row. with that being said please

welcome john dare and the "chicago tribune"'s chief content officer. [applause] >> good morning fans of books and reading and printers row and everybody who wants a little intellectual stimulation with their sunshine today. welcome very much. i am john baron at a tour of the tribune content agency which is the company's news service and syndication arm and we are very proud to represent and syndicate cal thomas. he keeps us very very busy. hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of papers and web sites run his column making him the most widely syndicated political columnist in the country. cowell obviously has a tremendous reach but he's something of an endurance champ as well. this year marks the 30th anniversary of his column. there are very few in the entire history of journalism who have made such a claim. his works have been known to millions.

through those weekly writings there is broadcast appearances and of course through his books the latest of which is "what works" and he's going to talk about that obviously today. what i like about cowell is you always know where he stands. he is crystal clear, determined unwavering in his beliefs and with his reporter's command of facts and figures he can be awfully persuasive. no matter where you stand it's always worthwhile to facing kal's direction to hear what he has to say. joining cowell today is "chicago tribune" editorial board member is in the query. we worked for the same bosses a couple of years ago when she was at the daily southtown and i was at the sun-times. she has since gone on to join debbie ebc in the chicago news corporate before joining the tribune a little more than two years ago. both of them are obviously masters of many media so now let's see how they can handle a conversation. ladies and gentlemen chrystal

mcquery and cal thomas. [applause] >> thank you all for coming. about six weeks ago i was reading an e-mail in my inbox asking if i would like to interview cal thomas as part of printers row will lit fest. in my 20s i disagreed with him very much but i kept reading and when you read tell you find yourself months and years down the road thinking about something that he wrote. that's the imprint of a gifted thinker and writer. without further ado cal your book "what works" sub two focuses on years of tested programs and that we don't need to reinvent the wheel. we don't need to reinvent ideas for economic stimulation job growth. we know what works but instead we are stuck in groundhog day the movie. we we are in a situation told --

unfolds over and over. what would you say are a couple of issues or policies that are the most stuck in groundhog day? >> first let me congratulate you on your maturity. i'm reminded by your comments of what mark twain once said. when i was 18 i thought my father was an idiot and when i became 21 i was amazed at how much he had learned in three years of congratulations for that. right off the top there are so many answers to that question but i think education would probably be at or near the top for me. we spend more on public education in the united states now per-capita than any other time in our history and yet all of the surveys show we still fall behind much of the rest of the world and important subjects like math and reading and science. i don't care if it's a liberal idea or a conservative idea. if it works and if it produces the results that the program claims to want to produce than i would be for it and i would like

to get away from this left right republican democrat business and start focusing on what actually has produced results. there's a verse and ecclesiastics this is nothing new under the sun. everything you think has been fought before and everything you have done has been done before. bill murray gives a everyday and repeats the same day over and over again with nothing changing. that is what washington does. we are paying and getting less for our government and its something that is a cycle that we need to break. >> you talked about on the issue of education school choice in the book in your columns. we are sitting in the chicago public school. it's lovely. they just built a nice addition with this money that this is a selective enrollment school so on a fraction of the kids who want to go here can actually go here. we have been talking in illinois and chicago about school choice for years. it doesn't seem to get done. we have a charter or a-gram but

vouchers are so far off of the radar that it's almost impossible. how do you get in a democratically-controlled city and state's school choice program? >> first of all i think the evidence of school choice working is available for all who want to observe. the problem is in this area especially results don't matter because the teachers unions send money to the politicians to keep the status quo. the politicians of course have choice. most of them are well-off or well-connected enough that they can send their kids to private school a secular or religious school where they believe they will get the best education. that is what president obama does. president obama sends his daughters and rightly so because the d.c. public school system is not very good to sit well friends to the most prestigious

private schools in rushing 10. all i am saying is that my liberal and democratic friends who so often talk about fairness and equality ought to offer that same opportunity especially for poor minority students who are trapped in a lot of these failing schools whose parents want about the note that the good education is a key to a successful life. i used the analogy i'm old enough to remember when alabama governor george wallace stood in the schoolhouse door to keep african-americans out. now a lot of politicians are standing in the schoolhouse door failed schools trying to keep them in. i think it's an immoral movie it's an mri would be in something and need to be broken. i think people need to rise up. the catholic archdiocese some years ago took a survey of parents whose children mostly maneri -- minority parents ask them if you had a choice would you put your child in a catholic school or public school and he overwhelming percentage chose the catholic school. i would say like moses led by people go.

>> you repeated that line when you were on her radio show yesterday and i was hoping you would. i am happy to have groundhog day with you cal. in your book you reference a previous book he wrote blinded by might and i think it was a point that gets lost a lot in the static of washington so i'm going to read it back to you. in blinded by might in this book i'm not calling for retreat from the public square. i ask only for a more realistic view of what limited things government can achieve and the unlimited power of god's kingdom. call it a listing in a better army with superior weapons and by the way isn't it inconsistent for conservatives and one brad to criticize the government and then in another to employ it to enact their agenda? i think that's a very important point. what are students some specific policy areas or issues you see shinki and where conservatives decry big governmengovernmen government but then they seek it

out? >> let's take the last administration. president george w. bush and not rated one of the biggest government programs ever in the prescription drug benefit. "no child left behind" and more money for public education. i called his turn to washington as a first resource instead of a the last resort the perversion of it 23rd psalm. the government is my keeper and i shall not want. the health and human services department will be comfortingly me with a.c.t. payments. jon stossel has a show on fox news channel on the weekend. he writes this book why would you turn to government all the time in government can even win wars any more? government does so few things well that sometimes in cooperation with the private sector but mostly the power of the private sector and the power of the individual ought to be

purse -- supreme and once were. our constitution is we the people. we have a 17 trillion-dollar debt and out of control government spending and regulation. we have taxes on success and subsidizing failure and we wonder why we are getting less success and more failure. we used to praise the people who succeeded and became wealthy. now we emptied them and feel entitled to their income. it's just the most amazing turnaround. i feel like i parachuted onto another planet from the one i was brought up on. inspiration followed by motivation followed by perspiration will improve and a life. if might not turn out to be a billionaire but you want her not to be dependent on government. >> you have written many columns on the subject government government spending etc. so what would you consider the most outrageous expense that taxpayers fund? >> oh my. that's pretty tough.

that there should be a multiple choice question with the last line all of the above. it's really hard to say but here is what i'm calling for. you are probably not old enough to remember this but in the 80s robert reagan -- ronald reagan appointed a grace commission. most businesses go through audits and we doubt the waste fraud and abuse and they restructure their business in a way that will make it more functional and profitable but not the federal government. reagan had a great line. he said the only proof of eternal life in washington is the government program and it's true. once you created it's almost impossible to -- the whole idea that washington is capable of doing things better than the individual would be an offense to our founders. it was we the people about

liberty and about personal responsibility and accountability. we are spending all of this money on things to fix things that can't be fixed by government and yet people like a colts despite the evidence continued to turn to government despite the results that it can do what we want to do. it's a general answer but there are a lot of things the government ought not to be doing. why is government and housing? why is government and education? i got a good education before the department of education. why do we need the federal government to educate its people? >> along those lines we saw proposal from john mccain and other republicans that are supporting it to grow the va system. part of that plan has included a voucher program but what do you see is the best solution for the long-term care of our veterans? >> that's right. often i write a column jointly for "usa today" and we proposes a couple of weeks ago so i'm

glad senator mccain was reading it. choice is the best way to go. if they can't see within a reasonable period of time why shouldn't you have a plastic card and take it to your nearby public or private hospital and get their care you need there? choice works. choice in education choice in medicine. we now have the obamas administration trying to take over the health care of the entire united states. all we have to do is look at the nhs in the u.s. -- the u.k. or the va. as government-run health care here. thank you very much. i hope we are not evacuating. i guess he didn't get a memo to turn off all the broadcast devices. maybe it was the voice of god and maybe we should be listening. >> maybe it was the app. >> i've got mine turned off. the individual in the minds of the founder was supreme and nancy pelosi once said you put the democrats back in power and we are going to drain the swamp. they got the power back and they didn't drain the swamp.

they built a hot tub. >> what would you have done about the bowe bergdahl situation? >> well i would not have released and i have a column coming on this and it's fresh in my mind, five terrace. for a number of reasons and the obvious one that they are going to return to the battlefield. this is great encouragement to us and they encourage their people to kidnap more americans so we can get the rest of them out. i think there's a lot left to be known and there've been interviews with five of these colleagues, bergdahl's colleagues including platoon leader. all of them said he deserted. all of them said he was making statements against the war with the united states and he willingly walked off. people are making the comparison the obama administration making a comparison with the israelis and the number of times they have released palestinian prisoners to get one or two soldiers back. the big difference there was the

israeli soldiers were doing their duty and in gaza the west bank israel kept a better eye on these guys than the united states can and sending them to qatar and back to afghanistan. war has consequences. i would have made the trade but i think the president is using this as cover to fulfill his long-standing -- of gitmo. >> he was the only soldier left from the afghani and iraqi war so do we leave them there? >> look we have a guy in mexico right now who supposedly made a wrong turn. he had some guns in his car has been languishing in jail. we have a christian pastor in iraq who reportedly has been tortured and imprisoned and we have got this woman ,-com,-com ma christian woman who they claimed was an infidel. she was never a muslim in the first place. they will let the baby lived to be six months old before they

hang her. there are two americans held by the north koreans. are we winding up to trade with them? we can't fix everything. first of all we should go to north korea. who would want to go to north korea for heaven's sakes but we can't fix everything. this has been one of our problems in this sounds like a nonconservative position that i remember john henry's great inaugural line the united states is willing to pay any price. my burden in the cause and effect of liberty. that was great during the cold war but now we have multiple entities transitioning various countries and an entirely different approach than we have been. we can't afford to pay any price or bear any burden. sometimes bad things happen even to good people and we can't fixx it fix it or it so i think as fs bergdahl is concerned yes we should have left him. >> and chapter 9 of "what works"

which i hope you all pick up a copy you point to states that are doing a great job at solving their own problems but i noticed illinois is not on that list. why isn't it and is there any hope for is? >> well i think there is a way that joliet -- illinois politicians. again no political party has a monopoly on morality or on ideas. this is why you need to shake things up and i would say the same thing to the republicans who have been in power for too long. you get stayed in your ways and get a sense of entitlement and the temptation of corruption that comes to everybody in high office at one level or another is there. so i think i have become a political environmentalist. i believe in recycling trash and politicians for the same reason because each left in one place

too long begins to emit a foul smell. my favorite line in this george mcgovern a liberal democratic center when he got defeated in the reagan landslide he hadn't done anything other than public service coming back from world war ii so he decided to do something different. he went to connecticut and bought an n grade after a year or so it went and grabbed trey "the wall street journal" called him up and wanted to know what happened in the only one you need to know that explained what happens when people stay too long in office george might govern said if i knew how difficult it was to run a business i may have voted differently in the senate. there you go. you get out of touch. what is not to like about that? the founders never wanted that to happen. what we have in illinois is what we have had another states especially the federal government. if you are going to elect the same party in the same people in the same party over and over you

can expect corruption. it's just going to happen. it has happened here and it has passed and -- happen in the past new jersey and new york and california. we have a one-party control of the state or federal government were going to open yourself up to far more temptation to corruption. >> one of the things i like about your book is it's not just 150 pages of blasting this issue and that issue. you have solutions and have solutions for regular people. i hear this when you write editorials. we bring the hammer down and people are left after they read it what can i do about it as a citizen and voter and you recommended near oak for people to find someone who is trying to make a better life for themselves and to volunteer and offer to help them. talk a little bit about that in what regular people can do. >> it reminds me of the song. you knew we were going to get that -- to that. make someone happy. jimmy durante sang it.

make someone happy. make someone the heart you cling to and then there's this other line fame a few when it comes and goes in a minute. we know what works. i was brought up with the notion that you got married before you have children and a partner with someone in a law firm. std was something similar to what you put in your gas tank. and the granite with stp to make the car run better. somebody asked me once in an interview when your child was born in the 1960s -- did you believe in the sexual ref -- revolution? what about drugs? do you feel you missed out on anything? i feel i missed out on things all the time. i didn't get a girl pregnant and didn't dishonor her parents. i didn't get a disease.

i'm not dragging. i'm just saying. we know what works and we know what is best in life but especially the culture of the media trumpet all of this other stuff that contributes to broken lives in a broken society because we are afraid to tell anybody know any more. don't do that. it's not good for you. you might offend some class or group. you should see the hate ally got my favorite one was the one that wrote them called me the and misspelled the word. my all-time favorite but we have a history. we know what his work in the past. we don't live in the past but what has worked for the past update what's necessary move forward and stop the constant bickering with one another that solves nothing. i don't know if i answered your question. >> the jacket of your book has a quote about your book that says you know the old curmudgeon

thing uncle that everyone ignores at holiday time and someone asked him a question and he realize he knows what he's talking about? that is cal thomas and that was it quote from jay leno. would people who know you best describe you as curmudgeon in? >> i tried to get them to change that. it depends. i'm called all kinds of things. it doesn't matter. i don't care what they call made. name-calling is a way to distract from the argument. besides i have no political power. i'm not running for office. i have no power over anybody's life. i can't even get my kids to pay attention to me. i throw ideas out and if people find them working i think they will finally have a better life. i remember songs from high school when i thought people of

my parents generation and especially my grandparents curmudgeonly going back to europe in line life is a great teacher. if you don't learned early you will end it eventually. this is one of my messages at a commencement i'm doing next week curmudgeon means stale and angry and taciturn and all these other things. i hope i'm not like that. i'm a friendly guy. >> i found a better description if you and i went to a source that i'm sure you rely on often. the zodiac sense. you are a sagittarian. did you know that? this describes you a think more accurately. the great strength of the sagittarius born as their philosophical wide open and curious nature. these folks seek both knowledge and truth and they are eager to share their explorations with others. they are optimistic and generous. examine a pleasure to have

around. >> wow. i never knew i was that good. that's pretty nice. i was born under the sign of the cross. >> i figured you didn't really follow your zodiac sign. >> i talked to an editor wants. he used to be that l.a. times syndicate. he said sometimes if they don't get it i will throw an old one so i don't put a whole lot of trust into those things. it's like the fortune cookie. you will be a tall dark stranger or your income someday will increase. crazy stuff. >> i the few chicago related questions for you. rahm emanuel is in his first term as mayor. >> hopefully his last. >> you have watched them in action over the years in d.c.. what would you say are his strengths and weaknesses? >> clearly he is the political pugilists. he gets things done and i think

that was his great asset to president clinton but i think you get things done better by not being a foul mouth individual. people who constantly resort to what we used to call inappropriate language before everything became appropriate i think display a moral weakness. persuasion is better than beating up on somebody rhetorically. i think you revealed a certain what my grandparents used to call -- when you can't use the king's english to make your point and to try to persuade. so i find that kind of intimidation bad in a business where boss intimidates his or her employees by screaming at them and using bad language and i really don't think you need it. i think that's a great weakness of his but i also think that

from what i read in washington he doesn't have a whole lot of anything to curtail the incrediblincredibl e numbers of murders in chicago. i read the other day seven people shot in a laundromat of all places and this seems to be a regular occurrencoccurrenc e so much that i hardly makes the news anymore or small item in the newspaper inside. i think that's a real serious problem but you know people of chicago elected him or most of them did so they have to live with them. >> these are just some quiz questions. i didn't throw in any broadway musicals but maybe you can say something as we wrap up. we have the best hot dogs in america but there's one common topic that is forbidden and chicago. what is that? >> that's not there. i may have had to chicago dogs but probably cheese. >> catch it.

>> catch up, oh okay. i'm sure the heinz people will be upset about that. >> this is an important question cal because it will determine the future of our relationship. >> i didn't know we had one but i'm looking forward to it. [inaudible] the correct answer is white sox but you are forgiven. >> the cubs are great. who doesn't love the ballpark? i have been there. it's wonderful. it's the way ballparks are supposed to look. fenway park, wrigley field great stuff. >> as we close i want to go back to your book and give you a chance to talk a little bit about what you hope people take away from it and i think we have time for audience questions if anybody has one. >> first of all i hope they take away the book and pay for it because the government needs the tax money. i think mostly we weren't just

born today. we are not the first generation to ever exist on the planet. we didn't just crawl out of the cave. we don't have to invent the wheel or discover the use of ire. back in my grandparents generation to generation we celebrate with 70 years on d-day on june 6. they respected the elderly and in asian countries they still do. they respected older people who have experienced. this commencement speech i'm doing next week i'm using a prop that is a guidebook to another country. if you're going to another country you'd be wise and you probably would get a guidebook and go on line and find out the hotel she should stay and in that you can afford in the best restaurants and you trust the guidebook because you know people have been there before you and have scoped all of us out. you wouldn't get on a plane

without any hotel reservation or without any knowledge of the city and go there. it would be cool pretty crazy if you did and that is what life is. people have gone before. let's not have the arrogance that we are the only ones that have ever lived in we can learn nothing from the past. let's not repeat the past. let's learn from the past. let's solve our problems. let's take personal responsibility for our own lives and relationships our own children in the schools they go to and the kind of character we model before them. that will produce the most successful life and collectively that will have the wobble of the fact that will ultimately touch washington. we will never have a trickle-down effect especially on moral issues from a bunch of politicians who you may have noticed have difficulty imposing it upon themselves. >> thank you cal. questions from the audience? >> they are so overwhelmed and

stunned that they absolutely don't now. yes maam, right there. [inaudible] [inaudible] >> you wrote at some point somewhere between rand paul's isolationism and neo-interventionism is what the u.s. should be -- in the world. and further wrote a central issue for israel and the u.s. is that iran can be stopped by preemptive attack. we must wait until it launches or threatens a launch. a nuclear missile at israel

explodes or threatens to explode suitcase bombs in u.s. cities. aside from the fear-mongering of fat because they are nowhere near why -- mining uranium they have done nothing to us. what you are suggesting is we should go to war to prevent a war. i can't think of anything more liberal and unless you want to sign off your blood we should be attacking american blood and treasure to keep them here stateside. we should be promoting peace and prosperity. >> and the question is? >> there is no question. i'm just making a comment. we opened it up. >> we opened it up for questions. i get paid for debates. if you want to do a debate call my agent. i don't think what i said in

that column is contradictory at all. you remember that president bush the idea of preemption is a valid idea. if you know somebody is coming to get you if they have stated it and certainly the radical islamist have stated it and shown it repeatedly and continue to do so and you don't do something about it and as a matter fact the ayatollah in iran the other day said their objective is the complete destruction of the united states. i don't believe he is getting and they have a lot of patience. they are willing to wait decades possibly centuries. >> so we should annihilate them? >> i didn't say and i like them. they are at war with us. the president says the war in afghanistan is going to end in 2016. >> the difference between obama and bush. >> call my agent and we will do a debate.

>> wait a minute. hold it. we just had headline news there. no difference between obama and bush. i love that. i'm going to use that. >> what works? >> i want to debate on america's role in the world and i agree with some of the substance of your statement. we can't go everywhere and we can't do everything so i think we needed debate. we staffer responsible conversation between republicans and democrats failed idea that foreign policy stops at the water's edge. you had tremendous democrat leaders like senator henry smith jackson of washington and harry truman and the number of others like mansfield who cared more about america when it came to a choice between their political party and the strength and safety of the united states they would choose their country first. those are the men of integrity that we need to get in our political leadership that but i think we need to have more away

corporative effort with our allies. for years we have had troops in europe that we have paid for. south korea since the end of the korean war that we have asleep paid for. i think in my friend rob beckel my liberal democrat friend agrees we need to start honing up some money. if you want troops there you need to start paying for them. all these countries in europe we have had troops in for years. we can't do this forever without more help from them. then i think we need to realize increasingly i think most americans are that we are not at war with the nation-state. we are at war with an ideology that wants to kill us. they are willing to do it through terrorist acts read the underwear bomber, the shoe bomber. nukes and suitcases. the ft. hood killer anyway they can. to harm our economy first like obama -- osama bin laden said he would do. they are flooding our country with immigrants and building their mosques here. i'm not saying they are all terrorists that they hide among

the good people. this is not something that i'm making up. if you read as i do the sermons and translations from the mosques all over the radical world if you read the presses you see what their objectives are. if you are living with in chicago and i will close with this if you are living in chicago and three doors down you see a person with a gun breaking into a house and after he breaks into that house he comes to the house next door to you and sees you sitting on your porch. after i break into this house and kill the people i'm going to break into your house and kill u2. i would say preemption with the a proper strategy in that regard and that is what we are seeing out in another area. you either take that on first or we get taken out in those are the choices in my view. >> are there other questions? >> we are about two and a half years away from having a new president and if it were

horserace how you might handicap the horserace as it stands right now. >> that's the problem. many of the people in the media fueled this because it's competition and battle is more exciting than a real exchange of ideas and improving the country. you know who they are better than i do. there is still a debate whether hillary clinton will run. she is 69 years old. she is have this health challenge and i don't know if she is over it or not but why would you do that when you make $200,000 a speech unless you want to be in the history books as the first female president. on the republican side you know the names as well as i do. a lot of mouth or whether they have the strength to persuade sufficient numbers of people to vote for them as president i don't know. marco rubio, ted cruz i don't think so. i think we have to decide what

we expect from government and we need to expect more from ourselves and less from government. going back to an earlier question republicans have a tendency to be democrat lights. they want to manage big government and they don't want to dismantle it. it's going to be difficult. any addicts will tell you it's tough to get off the drugs and the drug of government is very powerful. we have been entitlement mentality. if someone makes more money than you they owe you to be fair instead of making more money and their work ethic to achieve something on your own then i think there's a problem. it's in eat your vegetables moment. it's hard to convince people who would rather be bing desert to eat your vegetables because it's good for you. once you see something controversial the cameras are

there and they are going to make mother teresa look like a loose woman with the right kinds of sound bytes. by the way that is why good people to run for office anymore. they don't want to put themselves through that. somebody asked me if i ever thought of running for office than i said it cross my mind once but i took two aspirin and lay down and it went right away. >> do you see anyone in the republican field who you see as dismantling big government? >> i think you need to show your policies work. i think the big problem in the fall with the republicans, they took over the congress in 1994 was that they tried to do too much too soon. you have to prove that your ideas and programs work at each step along the way. i've been telling republicrepublic an governors a special instead of debating this whole poverty versus success thing why do you get people who

used to be poor and get them on the stage and tell them how they became on poor. inspiration and motivation perspiration are the three things that improve any life and the country. paul harvey's rest of the story here in chicago for years as you know. he had this inspirational story. people born on the wrong side of the tracks out gallic mother absent father lived in a bad neighborhood. they overcame it. we used to tell the stories and the idea was if those people could do it so can you. we don't tell the stories anymore. if you promote success you will get more of it. >> would you say the republican party is bad at doing that? >> incredibly bad come incredibly bad in one of the reasons is the biggest contributors don't want to hear about it through to think jack kempe was a great friend and a tremendous man.

probably the last serious national republican leader. there are others are coming along. marco rubio and paul ryan and others are kind of channeling and that there was a line that said -- and is probably true. seems like a mostly white older party and i've talked to an number of younger african-american leaders and they say you have to show up between elections did you have to show that you really care and you have to help people out of their misery and out of their poverty. again i think school choice is the best way to start doing that but you have to spend time in the neighborhood. republicans don't do that enough. they don't understand the language and how to relate. it's a sad thing that is something they have got to do not just to get the minority vote but because it's the moral thing to do. it gives you a lot of personal satisfaction when you see

somebody overcome. >> i think we will wrap up with that. cal will be out signing books and you have any other questions you can catch us as we wrap up here. thank you very much. >> thank you. [applause] >> the thank you very much for your attendance. this concludes this discussion and as was referenced book signings are outside. thank you. that was cal thomas talking about his book "what works." we will be back with more shortly.

>> this tuesday simon & schuster is releasing hillary and his latest book hard choices. recently booktv was in new york at the book publishers offices to talk with some of the people involved in the production of the book. >> i've been totally involved through all the books actually. i am not the one publishing it. i'm not an official publisher of the book but i've been involved in the process all along. when we first went to try to persuade her to publish a book which became it takes a village her first book you know i was there trying to help convince her to do so and i've been involved in every single one of her publications. i'm not the editor because that is not my core strength that i

watch over the publication and i helped get it organized and make sure things are on track. i have started in living history and also in this case making sure that all her best people are working on it. >> we are publishing hard choices on june 10. it's her fourth book with us and i was the editor of the book so i was involved from the very big giving up its acquisition working closely with all the people at the company. >> as the editor is there a lot of e-mails back and forth each ring you and the author? is that how it's done in? >> every case is different. in this case i tried to give just as much attention to secretary clinton's book as i have to all the others we have published. i should mention the same breath that we have also published james webb who is a terrific united states senator and his book is out right now. i don't want to favor one author over another.

>> when we acquired that look jonathan karp asked if there was anything we could do for the e-book specifically and we rainstorm some ideas and talked about when the right time to act on those ideas might be. we have been thinking about also as a digital product from the very beginning. >> my role is to be in partnership with the communications team that works with hillary. >> what is an effective media campaign? where do you go? >> it depends on what the book is and it depends on what the potential for a book is. what i like to think of this top-down campaigns which are campaigns like hillary clinton's that began with national media and break out from there. a few big hits generate a number of things that create themselves. my role with the clinton title has been to work on the marketing side of that which has

involved a web site for the book dedicated to the book, a facebook page promotion of videos in the release of content on the web. my role up until now has been very much the digital marketing role in this particular title and it's been a fun one because so many people are watching and so many people care. we toil away and make a lot of videos but we don't have many that go up on the homepage of aol or that yahoo! picks up instantly and put on the front page. it was particularly fun. >> watch for hillary clinton to appear in booktv soon to discuss her latest book hard choices. >> every month we have a new book tour our book club and this month we have chosen the forgotten man either the original edition or the graphic edition so if you would like to read along.

it's about economics and the depression and you can tie a lot of things in today as well. amity shlaes the forgotten man is her book club selection for the month of june so pick up a copy digitally. get a copy and join us in reading. if you go to booktv.org you will see it right up there at the top there's a tab that says bookclub. just on bookclub and beginning this afternoon we will dart posting your comments. we want to hear what you have to say about the forgotten man. our book club selection for the month. our live coverage from the printers row lit fest will continue in just a few minutes. >> was his the d in d-day stand for? >> it stands for nothing.

soldiers joke that is said it for death or that it stood for day, day day. it's just a code and you know people have tried retrospectively to figure out what it really stood for. in fact it has no meaning. >> why june 6, 1944? about 69 years ago today. >> yes, that's right. it was supposed to be june 5. that was was the day that eisenhower picked. it's very tricky to invade the norman coast. the tides were extraordinary. the moon has to be right if you are going to go at night in order to allow paratroopers to be able to see sufficiently and the pilots who were taking them in the glider pilots who were hauling them. the winds have to be right. the weather has to be right so june 5 the weather was wrong as it turns out. eisenhower never had good luck with this weather.

it was stormy for the invasion of morocco and stormy for the invasion of sicily and it was stormy indeed very unusually june 5, 1944. you can usually tell benign weather on the coast of france. he postponed it for a day. he added narrow window in which those tides in the moon and the rest of it will it still obtain in a way that was suitable for this kind of invasion. if he had delayed much longer the next appropriate period would be several weeks later. there was extraordinary anxiety. they had 24 hours of warning that this invasion force was coming to normandy rather than some other point on the french coast. it could have been and probably would have been catastrophic so the anxiety level is unbelievable when eisenhower has to postpone it and makes the decision to postpone it. he did and they got away with it so june 6 is the day we celebrate his d-day. >> the number of troops in the

number of deaths? >> well there are five divisions going over the beaches basically. two american in three british canadian and then there were three airborne divisions so altogether you are talking about a couple hundred thousand troops going in on june 6. most of the deaths, the worst speech was omaha where one of the two american beaches and there were several thousand deaths there. they had been concerned that the number of deaths could run into the tens of thousands and this did not happen. by no means were the casualties like that they were less than anticipated. the british and the canadians had a tough time of it but ibm's of june 6 there were canadian troops as far as six miles inland. on omaha beach they were no

further than 1500 yards and there was quite a disparity between the resistance that these allied invaders found and their ability to push inland. that is the track in an invasion. you want to get inland as far as you can as quick as you can hopefully file miles or more you want to push the enemy's artillery out of range so that they can't shelve the beach. that is when you are the most vulnerable coming across the beach and the omaha beach it took several days to get to that point. nevertheless it turns out to be quite successful and the casualties you are talking 3000 or so deaths altogether. they are lighter than many had feared. >> you can this and other programs about d-day and world war ii on line at booktv.org. simply type d-day or world war ii in the search function in the upper left hand corner of the homepage.

>> more from chicago in just a few minutes. booktv asked what are you reading this summer? >> at think i'm doing a catch-up summer. i'm reading a lot of things that are not particularly new but i meant to read the men have not

gotten done so i take it off a little list of them. they start with two sort of real-life rescue stories from world war ii. one actually i'm reading now is mitchell zuck off's hook up frozen in time about american aviators that crash in greenland's second world war and then the rescue mentioned that one after them and another one that disappeared. they rescue guys that have lived for months in the tail of an airplane. the second is an expedition to find the people that were lost trying to rescue the original crew and they located aircraft and all kinds of things so it's a great story but in reading that you read the book jacket and he has another one lost in shangri-la and i don't know if that's the precise title but it's about a mission that went wrong and that was supposed to

be a joy flight over new guinea in 1945. the plane went down in the rescue was pretty harrowing. it took months and people survived. surviving a desperate situation is good reading for congress in an election year. then i had the opportunity to read recently and i may mispronounce the name. it was david bunge real's lincoln rise to greatness. they gave us all the books so i got the book for free autographed but i was just -- lincoln has always been a compelling figure i think for any politician and any american. the greatest president in the most critical time in the country's history. i love the way -- his political

skills had so much to do with holding the country together. and holding his party together. there are probably a lot of lessons. this is a republican majority in the 1860s and they had never been the majority before so you have a new president ended a no single person had been part of a republican -- so what is the appropriate balance between presidential power and legislative oversight in a critical situation. this is sheer political skill and cunning. manipulating the various factions so we had a wonderful discussion about that and it got me interested in reading the book. and then there are two other biographibiographi s i promised myself i'm going to read. one is william mccree lee's book on grant.

we are going for a period now of reassessing grant. no one has ever doubted what a great general he was and how critical he was to winning the civil war but there have been a lot of questions about him as president. i think he is going through a little bit of their rehabilitation right now so i'm interested in that in the last one i promised myself i would read in this is something that senator roy blunt from missouri who is a great reader and a very good friend had brought to my attention and that is gene smith's biography of eisenhower. he was a wonderful biographer. i remember reading back in the 80s he added dual biography on grant. but again roy had been telling me what a great book this was on eisenhower and i happened to catch a lecture. it was on c-span history on the

weekend. they were replaying this lecture on generalship and i was really intrigued with that and i thought my buddy roy blunt has been bugging me to read this book. .. nhower bug. so it's not quite a historical figure that lincoln or grant would be coming he's a real-life hearst and. so i was fine reading about this is because i have some connection living through their presence and it's just a fascinating thing. >> it is sometimes a recommended list and i think we're going to do lincoln this month.

and we're going to have three or four books that are particularly good and i wish i could take credit for that. i have a brilliant communications option and not. so they like it. and they like to know what you are thinking about and i hope it's not politics directly all the time and it's kind of refreshing, someone is saying that i got that is an idea off you are booklist. so to actually breathe a little bit of connection between you and some of your constituents to actually go to the website. >> thank you. >> what are you reading this summer? tell us what is on her summer reading list at booktv. posted to her facebook page or send us an e-mail at c-span.org.

>> we are live from the 30th annual printers row lead fast. popular talks about his book, boomers, lenny walls, and the showdown. >>n spect i want to give us special thank-you to one ofo our sponsors, mr. taylor's book will be sold in the main lobby inside the auditorium book fault -- butoll signing will follow the discussion.ay w today's program will betv. broadcast on booktv herei if time at the end about 10 mins

and if you have any questions, please line up here in the auditorium. if you would like to watch this program again, please note that our coverage will re-air at 11:00 p.m. central time tonight and tomorrow night. please keep the spirit going all year long with a subscription to the printers row journal, including fiction series and membership program. this year we are also introducing new digital bookstores and you should've gotten the card on your way in. take one of the promo cards for the information and access to special book deals. before we begin today's program, please silencer cell phones and turner cannot. you're more than welcome to take photographs and post them to twitter, instagram, or facebook with this hash tag. at this time i would like to introduce margaret with the "chicago tribune" to introduce

the discussion. >> thank you all for joining us for this conversation. paul taylor is the author of "the next america." his book is remarkable in how he is able to humanize the logistics about that too dramatic changes. the first is the generational shift of emphasis from boomers to millennialism then you have the blurring of racial lines as we become a mixed-race nation. these themes resonate as the tribute managing editor. this includes the print edition which is a very successful publication. policy journalist as well in his day job is executive vice president where he oversees research with demographic and social trends. in his hands those trends become stories and this owes to his

previous work as a political reporter and foreign correspondent for "the washington post." that ability informs us book and powerful ways in describing what he calls insight gained as a reporter in the mid-90s during the transition from apartheid to democracy. blacks have always known it was their country, he writes. not so for blacks in america. their answers show the other was a badge of unwanted. with this election they say that this loses some of its oppressive power. please welcome jane hurd and paul taylor. >> hello, everyone, welcome to the lit festival at printers row. we are so pleased to have you here and we look forward to

talking about the book by paul taylor, "the next america." no one we will leave some time for questions, so please think about those questions and step up to the microphone when the time comes. i think you you'll make it a much better conversation. paul, your book lays out a compelling challenge about the string in the gaps that exist between the generations. you say that they are really pulled apart when it comes to certain things, including things like demographics, politics. i hope that we can touch on all of these things today. but your book focuses mostly on the living generation, the silent generation, the baby boomers, and the millennialist. and you have a really nice couple pages that talk rudely about each generation and i'm

wondering if you could read that to or in what we will be talking about. >> happy to do so. these are our core generations and i will start with the orioles born after 1980. so here is. slow to a adulthood and sexual diversity, confidence and economic future and then in a very unscientific way, this and other generations. icons of this, mark zuckerberg, carrie underwood, jennifer lawrence, lady gaga. next up we have discovered their host your situation.

this includes the reagan revolution and the divorce revolution. more comfortable than they are boulders with an increasingly diverse america. quentin tarantino, adam samberg, tiger woods, robert downey junior. next up, they be boomers, i'm one of them born from 1946 through 1954 and exuberant view is whether this. that the iconic image of that describes only a portion. they are worried about retirement and wondering why they aren't young anymore. bill and hillary clinton, george w. bush, barack obama, steve jobs, tom hanks. and finally, our oldest generation from 192-82-1945, they are now in their late 60s and they are conservative conformist that are uneasy with the pace of democratic culture

and technical change in the growing size of government. it icons like clint eastwood, marilyn monroe, tom brokaw, hugh hefner. so there you go. that is who everyone is. >> i think we have a few baby boomers in the audience. and so one thing that strikes me is that even though you say they are not scientific, there are no women among this. so i was talking with a friend about that and we were trying to think about it. so there are a lot of successful women, but to get to this status, it was hard for us and i wonder what that said about our generation. she'll samberg was the best we could come up with or molly ringwald. >> it's a great question, and it's one of the dramatic changes that have happened in the years that i have tracked and

especially in this century. generation stories are one of the greatest in this era. gender roles are converging both at work and at home and we have a lot of data on that. and so there are gender changes at work that we know about, the pay gap is shrinking. it hasn't completely disappeared. without the work level one we ask young adults and millennialist how important are the following things in your life and more young women today that young man say that this is a very important aspiration. this is a complete reversal. we live with nearly six in 10 college students that are women. so again, a complete reversal. and we see this in homeland

today. of all children being raised, 40% of those are raised in a household where the woman and the mother is either the solar the primary breadwinner and a lot of that is an increasing share of that. these are big changes with this by a large and what do you you think of the best sort of manner and they share the responsibility to raise less. seventy or 80% of americans say in that sense the norms have shifted. but then if you go a little bit underneath that and you say that, how important is it for a child to have a mother at home?

about 50 or 60% say it's very important. so how important is it for a child to have a father at home? so behaviors have changed, the rules and norms have changed, but some of the traditional expectations still reflect a. so now let me turn back to your question. and believe me, those icons are not scientific. i will tell you that some on the looks of these cultural trends, it's a lot easier to find young women who have made their mark in their 20s, vis-à-vis young man than older women. and this is just the way most societies have been oriented for most of human history. it tends to be the man who rides up. those who famously become the celebrities and waiters in society. but that is clearly changing. >> we talked a little bit earlier about how we have a

middle child syndrome. we are the do-it-yourself generation stuck between two giant influential generations. can you talk about why is that? why are we so self-sufficient? >> well, i think that self-sufficiency has to do with the parenting of the norms. and i think there was a phrase to describe this with young adults in their 30s and 40s and when they were children, they came into this lexicon and you probably remember that. they were the children that despite very heavily in the 70s and 80s of divorced parents. a lot of today's middle-aged adults were a product of that and you also have a situation where typically the divorced single mother is having to work. so how do you find a way to work and take care of your kid and

how do you balance all of that. and americans are pretty resilient about that. this includes the multigenerational family households. so a lot of that is for childcare. some of that is a middle-aged person taking care of grandma and grandpa and a lot of that is them living with their daughters and sons in helping out with her grandchildren. so that is one accommodation and another is a trademark of time, as my child old enough to kick your of herself and here is the key, go home, go to your room, and i think, i don't overstate that, but i think that that is part if you are raised in that

environment, one of the messages you need to get is anchor institutions of society, you can't fully trust them, and of course it is the nuclear family. so if that family is in what it wise, let me say this about divorce first. fifty years ago 5% were single parents and 40% today are. so you have a lot of children who are not starting out in the tradition of nuclear families and then you have pretty high the divorce rates that have leveled off. so these are trends all over the world and that is the case that a teenager in america today, and this was true back in the other generation as well. they have less of a chance of being raised by both biological parents and teenager anywhere else in the world. so as you go through this,

you're adapted, your resilient, but it does send a message that you better take care of yourself out there because you're not sure that you can trust us. so the last thing is as this generation came of age, it was sort of the reagan era and the follow-up to it is dominant message is that government isn't a solution the solution but the problem. so with older generations, fdr, governments, world war ii, this generation rose up with vietnam and all the rest. so i think that that influences a certain skepticism and wariness about the institutions. >> the bigger generations talk about the millennialist and why did they do this and that, and i was thinking something that your book points out, that they are

the children of baby boomers. well, what did they learn from the baby boomers who make them who they are today? >> so to start again with parenting norms, i think that we are talking about mid-to-late teenagers in their 30s, is that this is a generation where everybody gets a trophy, it's a very nurturing generation. and this may be in reaction to the times we live in, global terrorism, stranger danger, it's a mean world out there, school shootings, on and on, and it seems to me a lot of the complexities and threat of modern life have taken the normal inferences and parents

have put them on steroids, if you will. so i think that that is the message that boomers have gotten, uvb protected and wary in the same thing prevails. and i think that the other incredibly important thing that informs the millennial czar, they are the first generation of this. so someone my age, they may say that it is our indispensable platform for social interaction. someone is always going to be upside about these things. i'm a former newspaper reporter. it's astonishing that we hold this in our hands. so metaphorically i tend to have access to the sum of all human knowledge. and so it is still astonishing. but it's not astonishing to a 20 or 25-year-old.

and it is enormously empowering because they believe, and how could they not believe that the universe really can evolve around him. so in the world that they navigate they can create their own tribes and find this that is of interest to them and place themselves at the center of this and it seems like the most natural thing in the world and they shall all their friends what they are doing and essentially people want to know that. and sometimes people want to talk about it. maybe that is sort of who they are. so i think in many ways it is very empowering. and i think the boomers are saying, well, you're constantly

taking this pictures of yourself, although they shouldn't be the ones to point fingers because the the boomers have sort of retired the trophy. >> yes, they agree. >> in one sense, that self-absorption is true for both generations and it expresses itself in different ways. >> is a very good point. so the millennialist, they are an adult milestone that others have defined. is all their fault? >> they really are slow walking. starting a career, you have kids, that is sort of the drill. and this is significantly happening later in life.

so the median age of marriage, someone who got married at age 21, it was in 1970. and it was the early 20s and now it's the late 20s. so that is a huge change. and why is it? i think predominately the reason has to do with something very distinctive about the millennial generation, which is they have been dealt a terrible economy. if you think of a 30-year-old, here she comes of age and they do this through an economy that has increased in the housing market. we know the story. they have had a terrible time getting started. a lot of those come out with their regular shares and define themselves as getting to be

unpaid interns. many had been turned out. the refrigerators are usually stock and they don't have to put coins in the washington washing machine. until when we ask young adults today who want to get married, the overwhelming number say yes. and then we have to say, what is holding you back. and i am paraphrasing here. and so it is a much slower walk. the other important thing to note is that among this generation of young adults, they are all getting started in again, the story of student loan debt is very well-known and it tends to be what we focus on a lot, but some are really having a difficult time also getting

their lives going, and it's the kids that didn't go to college. so if you work at the gap of attainment with this generation, there are obviously gads with unemployment rates and there's a marriage gap that is sort of losing this. so are they eventually going to get married? they say that they would like to. but we can look at today's millennialist. you go back at the same state and 60% were married. so will they catch up in their 30s and 40s? perhaps, perhaps not. but what we need is the lower

end of the socioeconomic scale with these foundations to do so and that becomes a self-perpetuating cycle because marriage is thousands of years in history and the foundation in economic arrangements. and so that is a very important social challenge. >> we have a lot in data in the book that talks about diversity in america and how labels are changing. some of that is driven by immigration. so almost everyone is a product of someone who came here. we will back at them as risk takers and maternal optimist to

give up everything to come here. are those the same? >> absolutely. those kinds of core attitudes, beliefs, optimism about the future, being willing to be a part of the future. today's immigrants stand above today's nativeborn. we think of the core american values and we have those in access. they are very different in one very important way. this is the third great wave of immigration in our history. in chicago knows this very well and you guys have been able to get it. but 90% came from somewhere in

europe. today's rate again in 1965 after a 30 or 40 year hiatus brought on by restrictive immigration legislation in total numbers since 1965 we have had more than 40 million and when you add them up together, there's only 32 million. so in terms of sheer numbers, this is one of the biggest, although it is coming into the country and has a larger population base. so it's 50% from latin america, it's about 30% from asia and it has exceeded latin american immigration. and it has all of the values that you described and now has a large wave of those who are aging into the electorate and the economy and aging into the

age that people get married and start tap emily's. so here you see a started change. so of all this of this in the last year in this country, 16% were across racial and ethnic lines and as i put in the book, one will barack obama was married in 1951, that particular marriage between a black person and a white horse and was one 10th of 1% of marriages across lines. it was a taboo. today driven by asian and hispanic immigrants, when they married, more than a quarter married out and there is a lot of marriage across all of these lines and as a country we have been dealing with this for better or worse with racial

identifying and that is frankly what most societies are doing with. but the racial tapestry has gone to most of our history, predominately white with some black and yes, there has always been racial intermixing within that tapestry called the one drop rule and so that is sort of in the way that the culture has treated us. and so now it is much more interested in complex and has high levels of this and so what do they call themselves reign and in some ways are old labels are not keeping up with our new marriages.

the pew research center did research for we asked the public, what do you think of the president and so the majority of them are very significant individuals that had it the other way. a thing that obama calls himself, he had the chance to say i am white or black where the center allows me not to say that more than one race. he chose black and he got a little bit of blowback. saying why don't you claim all of your bloodlines. and i think that part of the drama is that these categories

are going to have to respond to the new realities. so one thing i do is put together a list of mixed-race celebrities. i worked in south africa and you know what they have done on race. but the group in south africa is not always the africans but the mixed-race community. ..

massively. if it weren't for the millennials. year ii of the romney administration, the republican party has a demographic challenge. in presidential years a big turnout or higher turnout, they tend to do better in off-year coming of where the electorate's tends to be older. here are the numbers. when barack obama was reelected year have a go he lost to mitt

romney to 20%. he got killed. he lost the white vote in a landslide. he lost the white vote by the same 20 percentage point, and romney won the white vote by the same 20 percentage points he won by 1988 over michael dukakis. and there were 26 allegro college votes. it gave mitt romney 206 electrical college votes. for windows 24 years the whites lost more than half of their electoral college. that is because, reflects a country, the census says it will happen in 200043, 30 years from

now. there transition generation, much more mixed race public to read and every year. as more millennials agent to the electorate and more age out, nice way to move on the greater rewards, that a like to read, mitt romney won the light vote by 20 percentage points, he got 17% of the non white vote. and the ascendant to vote in the country. the reason the republican party is involved in an interparty civil war, if they look at these numbers and they say somebody described the republican party as the pale, male and sale party. if you get 70% and we're on have to become a majority non-white countries they have big challenges, it will not be smooth sailing for the

democrats. it is possible their own coalition will be fissures within them. it seems complicated, politics changes, but both -- the republicans thought they were going to win in 2012, obama presided over a difficult four years, and incumbents generally do not win. >> this is q&a time. if you thought of a question while we were talking i invite you to approach the microphone to this side of the stage and we will talk a little more and throw it over to that line. the millennials, there are people who are younger than millennials, what will become of age be? 12? >> it is a great question. i don't have the answer. generational boundaries are fuzzy, course, a little bit of a

conceit, i make the argument in the book you can see a basis for them in the attitude day. and the typical generation lasts 20 years. and a 13-year-old because of the next generation but it takes a while to figure out how and when that happens, 12 and 13-year-old doesn't typically have a fully formed world view or set of behavior's but maybe by the time he or she is in college or young adult. i don't know where and when but i assume, the 12-year-old kid is different. and it will be descriptive of who they are, as the millennials

are being over folks in the digital era, they will be leaving them into new world we can't imagine. >> they will scoff at this digital native's term. they probably won't talk about it. it will just be in their brain. jon stewart was asking what it was called and you guys were joking about it and use it would be of to headline writers. since i was a headline writer for many years i took a shot and i thought it could be something digital but it also possibly could be something that would be due to how diverse they are. >> nice. that becomes -- a trademark here. >> it looked at that. >> let's return to questions from the audience. ask a question. >> my question was just asked. i had an anecdote to go along with it so i would like to share

the anecdote -- vanik the. talking i anfupigu1

overwhelmingly among themselves about >> a guy who has kids in their teens was telling me as the kid came home with a lousy report card. the punishment was going to be rounded. i remember when you are grounded meant. you were going to stay in your room. you are grounded means you can't go on your screen. no more screen time for you. the world has changed significantly. >> i know someone who knows the 12-year-old who said who you are isn't likely to change so we use our real names, real pictures on line but more and more smaller kids are anonymous online and they will bear their sole online but never under their real name. that is something i hadn't thought of before. >> a very brief diversion, one of the things we pick up among young adults is they are low on social trust. classic question we ask generally speaking would you say most people can be trusted or

you can't be too careful when dealing with other people. half the share of older adults. the society that moves fast the way ours does, social trust is the grease that keeps the gears from grinding. there are a lot of potential explorations for that, one may be difficult economic circumstances. one of the may be so much social experience is online, you got to be wary because it turns out nobody is to they say they are and that is hard wired into the way they experience the world. >> the generation gap, do you think it only exists here in the united states and europe and you only seen asian countries? my second question is do you think when you talk about the recession affecting their future do you think it is more of a challenge for them than it was with children growing up in the

depression? >> growing up during the depression you are going back a long way and that is probably the right historical reference but i don't think anything since the depression, 70 or 80 years that it has been bad for restarting out generation as the current experience. we compare these with young adults, got all the numbers and our web site, young adults are 20, 30, 40 years ago at the same stage of their life cycle versus yesterday and every economic measure today's kids are having a worse one. in terms of generation gaps as large, the answer is absolutely yes. one of the fascinating ways it is happening is in the wealthy countries in east asia, china or korea where they have the confucian social order, this is part of a social contract to get into this book, why do cumin

beings have kids. a little bit is i take care of you when you are young, you take care of me when i am old. we build a public social safety net, and now in terms of economic well-being, older folks used to be better than the poor state for an america. the poorest the polite young people and young parent but to take the story to east asia, here you have these countries that are rapidly growing, and the classic case, and you're supposed to take care of mom and dad. parents can sue their children if they don't stay in touch or send money. there is a best-selling book, i

forget the name, i cited in my book, in south korea, the guilt and the pain. and you are not supporting them. this is modernization, urbanization, a lot of things going on. that have affected the way generations come with each other. it is happening all over the world. >> in favor of that chinese law. >> in chicago one of the most racially segregated cities in the u.s. and impact education and impact crime and economically impacting do you see the exceptions. and they are exposed.

>> a ville reporting, live there for eight years, in some ways similar kinds of cities, the politics of philadelphia, the blacks and italians and irish i kind of get that. i know how deep those divisions and cleavages can be. i don't want to sound like pollyanna to say it is all racial kumbaya, we heard some of that when obama was first elected. have those problems disappeared? of course not, but my sense is they are not -- the wounds are not as deep as they used to be at the attitudes of young adults about race are fundamentally different and i think that is also good. but listen. if you think about the news the last month with that crazy owner of the clippers or that guy in

nevada, is there a lot of rank racism in our society or any society? human beings are in perfect in that regard. what i would say about that particular racial episode is what our culture does in these circumstances is it rallies and says this stuff is out of bounds and that does reflect a new and better set of norms. it isn't just black or white anymore. it is more complex. that takes a little bit of the edge off of it. make it more interesting, more challenging but ultimately makes us as stronger society. >> how does the story of the millennials end? how their story ends is how america will be in a few decades. will they ever catch up financially?

>> the clock is going to take and they will reach a delta. will they catch up financially? i don't know. we know how the story started. they have started in a deeper hole than any generation since the great depression. they have an additional burden which i write about in the last chapter of the book, our safety net, we have been so successful going back to the depression, building a social safety net that has created a floor, says seniors in this society no longer fall below. with that, social security and medicare, nearly half of our seniors to they would be for. because of social security and medicare only 10% of our seniors report, this is a great triumph of public policy. everybody celebrates it, not just the years, the mass doesn't work in the twenty-first century.

we had more workers are baby boomers like me, 10,000 baby boomers will turn 65 today, 10,000 more tomorrow, the next day, the next day on to the year 2013 at which point we only had two workers per retiree. and the math simply doesn't work. the people who run those programs know it and every year they issue a report and these are non-partisan, the actuaries, and issue the report to congress and the president. and the longer you wait to address the problem the deeper the hole gets. the more the burden of the situation will fall on their kids. we're the vendor future. the political scene system is the gridlock, it will take those challenges but the answers to some degree, if our political leaders step up to the challenge of rebalancing these in a way

that is typical -- and equitable across the board we give them a better chance to fly but at the moment they're very skeptical to get these programs and i hate to say it but at the moment their skepticism is justified. >> thank you, paul. thank you for writing this book, for appearing with us today, giving us some insight into these important generational patterns. you will be signing books outside the auditorium. if anybody would like to ask a question, meet him, a book, you can join us out front. thank you for coming. [applause] >> thanks to all of you for attending. as was said, paul taylor's book signing will be right outside the auditorium and his book is available for sale in the main lobby. thank you very much. [applause]

[inaudible conversations] >> paul taylor on future generations in america. we will have more from chicago in just a few minutes. >> booktv on facebook and twitter, like and follows for both industry news, booktv schedule updates, behind-the-scenes looks at author events and to interact with authors during live television programs. here are booktv's posts, we treated on the content of hillary clinton and soon-to-be

published memoir hard choices. un facebook we posted a washington post article about the swearing in of u.s. ambassador susie levine with the digital version of the u.s. constitution. we deleted and post all of their programs onitanmen square. we want to know what you are reading this summer. send us a tweet, post on our facebook wall and send us any mail telling us what is on your summer reading list. and watch all weekend long to see what prominent washingtonians are reading. follow us on twitter@booktv and like us on twitter/facebook/booktv for more word about the world of publishing and what is happening on booktv. >> booktv asks what you reading this summer? >> i am just finishing up police erred rich's latest book.

and anyone who really wants to understand. native american jurisdiction. and in terms of law and order on the reservation and she just writes with such a wonderful ear, spending time in an indian country and captures it so well. very authentic. the value of amazement, amy tan, i read anything she writes, she's a great author and i have a friend who has great concern about the privacy debate and she sends me lots of books so i am going to actually go through some of the books that are being written about privacy challenges in america because those are some of the challenges we will experience in the next couple years, legislating and trying to protect people's privacy but also in a way that does not shutdown this wonderful development of access to information. >> can you tell me a little bit

about your childhood and reading. >> i read a lot as a kid. i am sold, we only had two channels and done any good day with an antenna you could get one. we all read probably more because there was a lot of entertainment alternatives. i spent a lot of time reading nancy drew, hardy boys, i did know if anyone would know the old chip hilton books that he was a sports hero and we loved him and i love books about car racing, and that was really our form of entertainment, if it is not a harry potter series or a hundred games series, reading to kids and i think in a very positive way but i think it takes kind of a big blockbuster to do that. >> what do you meetings this summer? tell us what is on your summer reading list, tweet us at booktv, posted to our face book page and send us an e-mail,

c-span.org. >> this is a look inside jones college prep, one of the sites of the printer's row it theft. we will be back with more live coverage on booktv in just a couple minutes. >> c-span2 providing live coverage of the u.s. senate floor proceedings and keep public policy events. booktv, 15 years the only television network devoted to nonfiction books and authors. c-span2 created by the cable-tv industry and brought to you as a public service by local, cable and satellite provider. watch us in hd, like us on facebook and follow us on

twitter. >> here are some books being published this week, hillary clinton recount her tenure as secretary of state in hard choices. in the people versus barack obama the criminal case against the obama administration, ben shapiro, editor at large of bright bart.com argues the obama administration has been marked by abuses of power. bruce allen murphy, constitutional law professor at lafayette college recounts supreme court justice antonin scalia's career in scalia:a course of one. dan and recalls his career in within arm's length. the co-founder of women's live worldwide reports on women around the world who are overcoming poverty in teach a woman to fiscal and overcoming poverty around the world. eric holder's justice department, john fund, a columnist for "national review" and the senior fellow at the

heritage foundation, and attorney-general eric holder and justice department. and watch for the authors in the near future on booktv and booktv.org. simon and schuster is releasing hillary clinton's latest book, hard choices. booktv was in new york at the book publisher's offices to talk with some of the people involved in the production of the book. >> i have been totally involved through all the books actually. i am not the one, the official publisher of the current book but i have been involved in the process all along. way back when she was in the white house and we first went down there, had to persuade her to publish a book which became a village, her first book. i was there trying to convince her to do so. i got involved in every one of

publications, it is not my course strength. i watch over the publication and helped get it all organized and make sure things are on track. started with living history but in this case making sure our best people are working on it. >> publishing hard choices on june 10th, the fourth book with us and i was the editor of the book. i am oversee all aspects of the working closely with all the people at the company. >> as the editor, a lot of e-mails back and forth between you and the author. >> every case is different. in this case i try to give just as much attention to secretary clinton's book as all the other authors we published. i should mention in the same breath we are also publishing james webb, a terrific united

states senator. his book is out right now. i don't want to favor one author over another. >> when we acquired that book, jonathan karp asked if there is anything we could do for the e-books this is a clear and we've brainstorm some ideas and talked about the right time to act on those ideas might be but we have been thinking of that as a digital product from the very beginning. >> my role is with national media in partnership with the communications team that works for hillary. >> what is an effective media campaign? where do you go? >> depends on what the book is and what the potential for a book is. what i like to think of as top-down campaigns which are campaigns like hillary clinton's which begin with national media and a few big hits generate a number of things that create

themselves. my role with the clinton title has been to work on the marketing side which has involved a website from the book dedicated the book, facebook page and promotional videos and the release of content on the web. my role up to now has been the digital marketing role in this particular type landed has been a fun one because so many people are watching and so many people care. we toil away to make a lot of videos so we don't have many that go up on the home page that day we hand it over or yahoo! picks us up instantly and put it on a major page. >> watch for hillary clinton to appear on booktv soon to discuss her latest book hard choices. [inaudible conversations] >> live coverage from the printer's role that fest will

consider -- continue in a few minutes. >> the limits of government are very clear in the constitution. you have administrative functions, enforcing contracts, this sort of thing, then you have national defense and when government sticks to those functions as a chance to do well, those constitutional functions. when it moves into the area you referred to as investments and economic development sparking economic growth, the record is absolutely terrible and it starts with beaver pelts and george washington who was a great president. i teach the history of the american presidency, is a great president but this quote investment that he made in the fur trade was a disaster. it often starts with subsidies and investments with the idea

that it is either going to spark economic growth, really benefit the country, war it will protect the country, pseudo national defence and that is what the fur trade was with washington, concerned that the british were going to encroach on american territory during his first term and we had rid ourselves of the british and they were still in canada but they might come to the hudson bay company into the united states but we set of the government fur company to trade with the indians, that would that establish the united states presence, the british would not come down so we subsidize a fur company and it is a disaster. the encroachment occur is right where the fur company is located because they're trading is terrible. part of it is slow leaders of the fur company by the sun began to the 1800s, theiris . . elements in them weee