solution it can't just be one thing, airstrikes or advisers it has to be kind of a holistic solution as the administration likes to say it has to involve political reform and more inclusive iraqi government come it's going to require the informed forces, better commanders, and i think from the military standpoint it is logical to think that if the situation deteriorates the might need additional help from the united states. .. as sweeping as the insurgent advances have been with the fall of mosul, and they control fallujah, now they're in tikrit, moving where the oil refinery is, i don't think they're going to topple the city per se, but i think there's a very good chance that they're going to infiltrate the areas, the so-called belt around baghdad, and use them as

sanctuaries to launch suicide and car bomb attacks into baghdad. there's already some of that going on now. this is precisely the tactic they used against the united states, and so they were pushed out by the american surgery and general petraeus in 2007 and 2008, and i think it's likely they'll return to that. host: michael gordon, were you surprised at how fasthis >> host: were you surprised at how fast this seems to have come on or have you been monitoring this for a while? >> guest: these days even though i covered the iraq war, covering the state department, a whole big world to track, i'm not surprised that al-qaeda in iraq, which is basically the group that's come back under a new moniker, al-qaeda for iraq and the lot, or sometimes it's isis. i'm not surprised the comeback because they have taken heat all. this is a group that doesn't respect borders.

they're in syria and in iraq. nobody is putting heat on them instantly and nobody is putting the heat on them in iraq. this is a problem -- you can go back and read testimony six, nine months ago congress has identified. and also mosul which the last week has been under siege. an article i did with my colleague eric schmidt in december, noticed at night the insurgents controlled mosul. that said, yes, i'm surprised at the speed of the iraqi military collapse. >> host: wasn't al maliki just reelected? >> guest: they have a parliamentary system, and his party state of law did better than expected in the voting and so he is on track to serve another term. and he exploited the unrest in iraq politically to present himself as a strong shia figure who would stand up against sunni insurgents. the tragedy is that he hasn't

been a sort of mandela like figure who could bring people in iraq together. so while the benefit politically in the narrow sense, he has endangered country in the process. >> we will have a conversation going on on her facebook about the situation. the question is, should the u.s. intervene in iraq? let us know what you think at facebook.com/cspan. >> we will need to learn again how to work together, how to compromise, and how to make pragmatic decisions. in the upcoming midterm elections americans will have choices to make about which path they want to go down and whether we will make the investments we need in our people. i will leave that discussion to others. that for a lot of us, and the private and nonprofit sectors,

we work to do. government doesn't have a monopoly on good ideas obviously, and even if it wanted it couldn't and shouldn't try to solve all the problems by itself. we have responsibility to do what we can spin killer clinton's latest book is called "hard choices," about how mr. secretary of state and how her experiences there would shape her view of the future today live on c-span2. watch the tv coverage of secretary clinton starting at 6 p.m. eastern, followed sunday morning with a book signing in arlington, virginia, live at 11 a.m. eastern. both events will read air saturday night starting at 8:30 p.m. booktv, television for serious readers every weekend on c-spa c-span2. >> fcc chairman tom wheeler is proposing to increase wi-fi access at the nation's libraries and schools. he addressed the issue back in april at an event hosted by the institute of museum and library

sciences. we will show that event tonight at eight eastern. here's a portion of what you will see. >> i wrote a couple of books on the civil war, and the most recent was about abraham lincoln's use of the telegraph. and thank goodness at the national archives, they are said abraham lincoln's handwritten telegrams. the spielberg movie was a fabulous movie but they got the telegraph office seemed wrong. lincoln did not dictate his telegrams. he wrote them out in longhand, and thank god he did, and thank god there said at the national archives. because it becomes a one degree of separation. when you hold in your white gloved hand the piece of paper

that abraham lincoln wrote on, there is one degree of separation that you feel from abraham lincoln. and that is a privilege that a few researchers, like i was privileged to have get. but what david has done is to digitize all of those documents, not only the telegrams but the other great holdings in the national archives, so that there's one click between someone who wants to explore and abraham lincoln. it used to be, when i started my research on lincoln's telegrams, i was using the microfilm copies of his telegrams but and i would get this, we all know that.

you get this canister and he would sit down at this clunky machine and you would go through each microfilm picture one by one. now, thanks to david, you can click and it's there. so because people like david digitized the product, the information, and because people like reed hundt made that digitized information available, that's why the work that we are talking about here today in terms of the importance of libraries is so incredibly key to what gets done. because, you know, as we are seeing in this room here, we are moving from stacks of books to online centers.

the library has always been the on ramp to the world of information and ideas. and now that on ramp is at gigabit speeds. >> the event also includes reed hundt who helped create the eve great program. he told the audience that there is no washington chances around the issue of rabin in libra's. see the entire discussion tonight at eight eastern here on c-span. >> chelsea clinton was the keynote speaker at national conference for college women student leaders held at the university of maryland. she addressed the challenges facing women along with the importance of women leaders. her comments are about 45 minutes. >> good afternoon, everyone and welcome. thank you all for joining me for the kickoff of the 2014 national conference for college women student leaders.

[cheers and applause] >> my name is elba moise and i'm a member of aauw national student advisory council, and i am -- love the energy in the room. i'm currently finishing a duel masters in public health and applied at apology at oregon state university. [applause] i've had to get used to this. awesome. so this fall will continue in the doctoral studies and specifically focus on education at the university of washington. [applause] it is with great pleasure that i introduce our featured speaker. chelsea clinton, vice chair of the clinton foundation, working alongside her parents, president bill clinton and secretary hillary rodham clinton, drives the vision and the work of the clinton foundation. chelsea's work at the clinton

foundation emphasizes improving global and domestic health. creating service opportunities and empowering the next generation of leaders. chelsey focuses especially on the foundations health programs, including the clinton health access initiative which strengthens health care and access to life-saving services in the developing world. the outlines for healthier generation, which fights childhood obesity and the clinton health matters initiative, which addresses preventable diseases and -- in the trendy. she also established and continues to lead the clinton foundation day of action program which identifies and organizes meaningful service opportunities for foundation staff, friends, and partners for the wider foundation community. to help advance the full participation of women and girls around the world, chelsea and

secretary clinton believe the foundation's newest initiative, no ceiling, the full participation project. as one of the strongest champions of the clinton global initiative university, chelsea works to empower the next generation of changemakers, to take action on some of the world most urgent challenges. in addition to this great work, chelsea is a special correspondent for nbc news, serves on the boards of the clinton health access initiative, the school of american ballet, common sense media, the africa center, and cornell medical college. she is also the co-chair and the advisory board of the main institute at nyu. so without further ado, please give a round of applause for chelsea clinton. [cheers and applause]

>> oh, goodness. thank you, for that introduction. thank you for that enthusiastic well. it's always awesome to see so many energized women of all ages, and the few men who are here. i want to thank the university of maryland for hosting us. [applause] and aauw for convening all of us are. [applause] and particularly the staff of aauw and the university of maryland who have already ensured that this meeting is going so well and i'm sure we'll continue to go so well. i'm the big events like this are truly team sports and there are so may people who participate to

ensure that these experiences are meaningful for us, and we never see but i think it's important to acknowledge. as elba mentioned in one of my core areas of focus of the foundation is what we are calling no ceiling, full participation project. it is long-standing, and i think well known, that my mother has been working on issues of women and girls rights and advancement of opportunities for truly now more than 45 years. i couldn't imagine a better role model or partner that my mom. and this is deeply meaningful work to me, but only because it continues to advance a cause that is morally right, but also clearly in all of our interests, whether we are women, girls, boys or men. we have more data than ever before that investing in women and girls is just the right thing to do, but the smart thing to do.

not only in her own country but around the world. and yet we haven't ever really collated that data in a coherent way and in a way that would be appealing, accessible, and hopefully unavoidable for people of all generations. and ultimately that's the goal of no ceilings. in 1995 when my mom went to beijing and said that women's rights are human rights and human rights are women's rights, something i think she didn't quite know at the time would be treated as such a seminal event because well, it just seems so self-evident. we clearly weren't even further than we are today with full participation. we have unequivocally make progress, here at home and in many places around the world. in terms of greater legal enfranchisement for women, greater economic opportunities for women, cultural and social prohibition easing, yet in no

country, including our own, are women and girls truly equal at any point, whether at the starting line or even at the finish line. and so it's through "no ceilings" were working with traditional data partners like the u.n. and the world bank as well as some less traditional data partners like google and facebook and the telecom companies to really understand where do we stand, what are our legal rights? what is our economic participation in different countries? what are the social stigmas that still exist? what is or access to technology? our using technology? are we using technology in the ways in which technology at the moment is revolutionizing the world in terms of not only access to technology but also thinking, information, education, or not? and been looking for kind of where we are, understanding

where we made the most progress from 1995 intel today, in trying to correlate that progress to what has will be made the most difference. so that we know, those of us who care about this and think it is the right and the smart thing to do, to harness and focus our energies and going forward. what laws have changed that have really made a difference? what social media campaigns around the world have really made a difference? what religious efforts have really made a difference? whether inspiring more women to run for public office, whether in stopping child marriage, or anything in between or beyond. and so on here today in part to the conversation, which i'm looking forward to, because there is clear no shortage of energy or enthusiasm i doubt in this room today but also to recruit all of you.

because we know that only if those of us who are already interested and already believe that investing in women and girls is important, that it is indeed the right and smart thing to do. i think there's probably a long selection bias in this room toward that. but only if we make it cool, make it unavoidable and make it necessary for others to pay attention will visit truly become a movement to ensure that in 20 years we're having a different conversation than the one that we are still having today. because i'm frequently asked these days, maybe not surprisingly, what i hope for the child that mark and i are thrilled to welcome into the world later this year -- [applause] >> all, thank you. one of the things that i deeply hope for is that the conversation that he or she will be having with his or her friends in his or her communities on a campus like this one will be radically

different and unimaginable from the ones we're having today. because the world will look very different. and i can't think of anything that would enable the world to look more different, candidly, then today than it women and girls were finally, ultimately, and unequivocally enfranchised. i think that there are lots of heads nodding. i think that we do know a lot about what works but we don't know enough. and so we hope that our work at the clinton foundation and a partnership with the gates foundation through "no ceilings" will inform all of our passions, all of our energies, all of our focus, and a properly when necessary our anger, to ensure that all of the children that many of us in this room will someday have, will be in a room like this, if they are so lucky to have raised their hands and have been selected, talking about what concerns them and what they want is a different in

the world. but women and girls rights, participation and opportunities won't be on the table because it will be taken for granted that everyone will be given every opportunity that he or she deserves. so that's certainly what i hope, that's certainly what we're focused on working to achieve. i certainly hope that many of you will participate with us in the full participation agenda, and i look forward to the conversation that we're going to have. so what's again thank you to the university of maryland. thank you to aauw, and again, most crucially, thank you to all of you for caring enough to be here on a hot summer day. and even more for the work that you've done and perhaps more profoundly, for the work that you will do. thank you very much. [applause] >> chelsea, i want to start off by saying thank you for that powerful and moving speech that

you just did. i literally have like goosebumps, and i'm sure the audience feels the same way. so if the audience could give one more round of applause for chelsea. [applause] >> as you know, we are here today in a room full of 900 plus talented and aspiring individuals here, many of who are college students. and so we are talking about leadership or so i'm going to start with a fundamental question. what does leadership mean to you? >> well, i think -- i think leadership translates what we see in the world. [inaudible] your school or your community or your city. if you can translate that vision, and it doesn't have to

be holistic all-encompassing vision. it can be something very specific about something that you want to change in a recycling program, or it can be something quite comprehensive, like something that you want to revolutionize in our health care system. but understanding or to translate that vision into a real action plan, and then having the mix of humility and courage to pursue it. humility to be able to ask for help because none of us know everything all the time. in fact, i think most of us know just a little bit most of the time. so to be able to ask for help to find the right partners along the way, and yet enough confidence in the importance of whatever the original motivation is that you stay the course, regardless of what obstacles arise. so i think leadership is having a vision, being able to translate that vision into an

action plan. being able to ask for help and find the right partners along the way, and then having an enduring sense of purpose so that come what may your resiliency and your commitment carry you through to advance toward that vision. >> thank you. [applause] >> and something that resonate with me when you're talking about the resiliency to use, and i wanted to follow up with what challenges do you see that prevent women and girls from reaching leadership roles? >> wow, lots, unfortunately. i guess i would pick three to highlight. the first is i think it's really hard to imagine what you can't see. i think that's hard for all of us in anything, which is why i think it's so important that those of you who are already by definition here today leaders continue to lead. because you will never know how

many other young people, particularly young girls, you will inspire a long the way. so i think often one of the feelings that we face is a ceiling of imagination -- ceilings. one, it's hard to imagine what you can't see. number two, i think that we need to do more to be honest about what particular challenges girls deface. there are many reasons why there is a drop off, a series of drop off between first, second and third graders who, in equal numbers, girls and boys, are performing well in math, are inspired to be engineers or astronauts, scientists. and then fourth, fifth and sixth grades when those numbers plummet, both in terms of achievement and ambition. we know there are lots of reasons that that's happening,

and so we need to be candid about those reasons, that the differences in the way teachers treat boy and girl students, that sometimes girls are more likely to learn a more interactive ways and so need to be engaged with more readily than just sort of expected to learn my text book. we have a lot of data to back it up and so we need to candid conversations, and then candid approach is to ensure that we are not wasting talent or dreams. because that's not good for anyone. and then to the third is that i think, you know, candidly we also need more forums like this for your women because this is a safe place to have conversations, to be able to talk about the different challenges that so many of us have faced. and so i think it kind of the barriers of change over time. they are different when you're a

fourth grader then when you're a college student or a graduate student or a young professional. but they a very real and each needs different solutions. and i think one of the important solutions for young women who are your age, or my age, a little bit older, these two have forums like this and have mentors who could help curate the conversation and candidly even if necessary force the conversations so that we can grapple with our internal ceilings, as much as her external ceilings and move forward. >> thank you. and following up on that, do you have any thoughts or particular advice that you would give someone who is looking to become a leader? >> i quickly asked this question in a different way. although i'm thrilled that you asked it this way. i'm frequently asked, often by young women, how should i engage in the world?

and my first response is, well, think about what make you angry. and if that doesn't work for you, think about what makes you really passionate and inspired. because i think that anger and passion are far more likely to be durable motivators than any other emotion. and again, going back to our first question and resulting conversation, being a leader is hard work, but it does require resiliency, as you noted. and so if what you're trying to change is something that makes you really angry, because you think it's something that is unjust, inequitable, unfair or if it makes you really passionate, something that's really working and you don't

understand why that can't be working for more people or inspiring more people, then those are far more likely to ensure that whatever cynicism that you encounter, and there's always going to be cynics, because cynicism is the great preserve of people who want to preserve the status quo, or the people who just believe that because something has been done before it can't be done, or because people believe that someone who looks like the majority of us with due apologies to the men in the room, can't be the ones to do something. there are going to be those challenges, but if anger or passion, or both, are what inspire you, i think it helps ensure that those challenges are treated as obstacles that need to be overcome and not as ceilings that can't be broken through. >> thank you. [applause]

>> and so tying that into this other topic came to mind as we were talking about this, so i know that you face a lot of scrutiny from the media and you've grown up in the media since you were little. and i read that you also learn to develop a thick skin because of that. and women in general often face their own kind of scrutiny. so what advice do you have for those women and girls who have been told that they couldn't or that they shouldn't? >> well, i do think thick skin is necessary, just in general in life. i'm a believer in a thick skin, as a survival tactic. you know, i think it's important to think about criticism in one of two ways. or i guess maybe to sort criticism into two categories. clear articulation of what i mean. you know, first thing about whether it's serious.

and if it's serious criticism, if it's about the quality of your idea, if it's about kind of the quality of your action plan, how you translate that idea into a roadmap for moving forward, i think it's worth taking the criticism seriously but not personally. and to think about whether or not there really is something valid in the criticism that will help make your idea or your action plan, your general approach better and stronger. then i think there's a second basket of criticism. and that's the criticism that's not about you. it's about the critics who are saying this. so when people criticize how you look. i had the dubious honor of being compared to a dog as a 13 year-old by rush limbaugh. that was not about me. that was about him.

[laughter] >> you laugh but that's an important point. [applause] ..

is the criticism serious and so then should be treated seriously, but not

we know that when women are engaged in not only kind of peace enforcement, but actually in the peacemaking negotiations, peace is more likely to take hold, take root and be sustained. we know that in countries where there is an appreciable level and that has different definitions based on the different surveys or statistical analyses for there is an appreciable number of women in parliament, if you look at the budget allocations of those countries, countries are much more like we to make what are considered long-term investment in their country. they are far more likely to

invest in expanding education opportunities and ensuring those opportunities of notable quality. they are far more likely to invest in their country's public health and health care infrastructures. so they are far more likely to take a farsighted view that ultimately is going to benefit the whole country over time been a short-term view would. the same minister with economic barriers are removed. we see that not only from a government did, but also a company is. when companies actively seek to empower women, they are far more likely to sustain growth rates over time. that is not just rid the united states. it is true around the world. and so, i think all of that says women leaders matter, which to me is more of the headline because women leaders all look

individually wherever we may be. >> thank you. specifically following up with that, how can the amazing and talented leaders in this room, how can we connect with global leaders. what is your thoughts on not? >> i think it depends on kind of what you want to do and why. so if you want to connect with other college women leaders because you are really interested in learning about how women leaders are the change on campuses around the world, then i think it is important that you think about what kind of part of the world you are most curious about and find out whether there is an analog or not and if there is in and of luck to you, that will also be interesting. if there is no equivalent to you

in giving countries. and i think if you are to in connecting with political leaders in other countries, you know, silly there are now relatively easy ways to do that. are there because so much of the world is online and so much of the world is not as kind of fortified in some ways as our political leadership is. if you are inspired by women notch partners in the developing world and technology, there are really clear examples of women who have or can ground. do shady, one of the companies that i am most impressed by in the last few years that was started as an open source technology platform for violence after the elections of 2,002,008 in nanotechnology time does

morphed into some mean call person finder after the haiti earthquake in 2010 to enable survivors to sign one another or members of the haitian diaspora in the united states to find whether their loved ones were alive. you know, that elegy was used into rear square and elsewhere throughout the arab spring and was recently in istanbul to enable women and men to communicate to where there were particular area is in the protest that were hostile to women. one of the founders of the technology with a woman, is a woman. a silly woman, 36. very much silly woman. there are examples. it depends what you are looking for and why. if you look for general information that is one thing. if you are looking for knowledge exchange, that is something else. if you're looking for real

partnership, that is something else again. but you know, asked the question and reach out to people. the worst it's ever going to happen if someone is going to say no. we'll never know what someone will say if you don't not. >> thank you. [applause] so as you know, we are at conference and oftentimes people think social change and activism can only happen outside of the classroom. i've read you really enjoy teaching. how can students and administrators create classroom environment in which transformational learning and student activism can occur? >> well, certainly when i teach at the school of public health, i am always focused on trying to help my students think critically. i am much more can earn with whether or not they are going to

leave able to ask critical questions of global health and public health and whether or not they can tell me how many numbers are of the world health organization executive body. we talk a lot about what makes people angry at what makes people passionate. so i wouldn't say that is necessarily the right pedagogical approach for everyone, but that is certainly how i at least try to translate what i feel so strongly in my foundation work in the classroom. >> thank you here since we talk about classrooms in learning bases, given that incidences of violence against women worldwide, specifically on college campuses in the united states, how can college women leaders ended in his traders take proactive steps to ensure the safety of all women, not just those who make the news? >> i think it is great we are talking about this because i think this is something that has for too long existed in the shadows and i think it is

something that is shameful and i think it is something that everyone should he ashamed of and so we it right by which a mean eliminate this issue. it is sadly not just an american issue and is battling not even one confined to college or universities. school-based violence has some been that plagues girls and young women around the world. and for different reasons, all with sadly a quarter source, which is a perception into watching reality of vulnerability. the reason it differs from place to place is in much of the developing world, there are no safe latrines, for example, or there are gender specific latrines. sucrose often walk quite far from school and they are full durable as they are walking, even during the school day, much less as they are walking to and from school.

that often is not only true for little girls, but it is true for college-age students as well. we have different challenges in the united states, but too often with the same tragic results. and i think you asked this question around what can you leaders do. i think that is an important part, but it's also important to realize when it is our responsibility to expect those who are extensively responsible for to take their responsibilities more weight into greater effect. this is not found and that you can solve on your. and that is nothing to be ashamed of. this is absolutely an area for you should expect your school administrations to work alongside you to come up with solutions that will help eradicate this challenge.

[applause] i think it is important for each of us to think about what can we solve on our own and what can't we solve on our own? and they say some pain that can't be solved only by student leaders, but it should not be solved without you either. i think that is equally important. i think it is equally important they count women's voices are enfranchised in this conversation, that pressure is continued to put under administrations not only by you, but by your friends and families because let's not forget who is paying your tuition bills. i'm quite serious. and remember you are not in this alone. utah about how do young women leaders find each other. this is an area where kind of greater numbers will have a disproportionately greater impact i believe.

not only on college campuses individually, but across college campuses. this is definitely an area where the media is your friend or the school newspapers are your friends through the local media is your friend, for places that have been even worse is his stake in the statistics they pray nationally. and whether it is one in three or one of five companies or of those are acceptable. when someone tries to tell me it is only one of five, gosh, thank goodness. 13% that aren't affected. let's forget about the 20% that are. no, unacceptable. find out where your schools stand, particularly vis-à-vis the national average, whatever the national average is depending on what you want to rely on. if your school is worse than that, which already has as, make a ruckus. sometimes we do have to be loud. but don't think you can solve

this on your own. but don't forget you are not alone. [applause] >> thank you, chelsea for taking the time to answer questions. and i would like to open it to an audience q&a. with a lot of folks in the room and a lot of great energy. we would like to give student a chance to talk to chelsea. so please come the students only, go ahead and lineup at the microphones close this to you and i will call on you. the microphones are located in the front. we only have 15 minutes, so please keep your questions are you so we can get to as many as possible. [inaudible conversations] if we can give chelsea one more round of applause. [applause] okay, so we are going to start over here. so when you get the microphone, please are member to state your

name and was cool you are from. >> hi. thank you so much for the present patient. my name is johnny lopez and up from george mason university. i have a friend in new york, a homeless friend who was in a shelter by one of the managers. now just wondering, as student leaders, what can we do to help people and women struggling with homelessness and violence, both physical and sexual violence. what can we do to empower them and make history safer, this country's refer for them? >> i would say a few things. one, find out if you are in georgetown, find out which organizations in washington are already doing work in this area is that you think would be that much more powerful if they had more help.

whatever help means, try to match that. if that is volunteering time, if that is legally time, go to the people at georgetown law school. if that is food, like starting a canyon drive. but again, try to figure out what the specific needs are and which of those who can really help sale. the second thing i would say is i believe it matters who is in public office. not surprisingly. [applause] homelessness is an issue that is actually treated radically different across our country. there are some issues further nuances, but homelessness is an area with radical difference is based on username on a local issue. there is some areas over the last few years, really since

2011, there has been tremendous progress in the first movement in triage in the most vulnerably homeless and ensuring the most vulnerable are moved into housing and ensure the social services are coalescing around the people who have been moved into housing to ensure that they stay in housing msm point they are able to continue their housing. so find out what is working. try to convince your local representative to focus on whatever the right level of local list, your mayor or governor or if it's at a national level, your congresspeople. and if they are not focused on it, try to vote them out of office. and if you can't find someone else who is doing what you think should he die in, then think about running for office yourself. [applause] >> thank you. >> a question over here.

>> thanks a lot for coming and speaking to s. it was really great listening to you and i'm sure you all feel the same way. i was really curious about what inspires you to get up every day and do what you do. you've done a lot of great things and inspired a lot of people and we are honored to listen to you today. what really inspires you to work today? >> well, my parents certainly inspired me, partly because they continue to serve. i think either of them could have tested their hands often retired a long time ago. neither of them have. i find that very inspiring when people continue to believe that they have a contribution to make and continue to find ways make it. but my ultimate inspiration was my grandmother. yesterday would have been her 95th birthday. she passed away two and a half years ago and i miss her every

single bit of. my mother's mother was born to teenage parents. she had been abandoned twice by the age of 80. by the time she was 13, she had been kicked out of her grand parents house and told she had to start supporting herself. i couldn't imagine not. i couldn't imagine being kicked out of 13 until i had to support myself. as she did. and she nods her felt as if life had been too dark because she always believed it was up to her to make the best out of whatever hand you're been dealt. so her monitor was always about life is not about what happens to you. it is about with what you do with what happens to you. [applause] i really believe that. it is about the challenges and the opportunities and it's about figuring out which challenges

can become opportunities and have to be left by the roadside. her life was a testament to the fact that wasn't to her rhetoric, the really was motivation. even though she had not had any model in her own life come in her family over to help the come supported him it looked like, that is what she created for my mother and my own goals and she viewed the same that she could do anything. so for my grandmother who was warned before women had the right to go, and affectionate long enough to vote for her daughter president and the fact it was her own belief in her ability to always be the best in make the best and do the best that enabled that is remarkable to me. so i think about her every day. whenever i'm feeling

discouraged, i think that is the next that the bulk. what more can i be doing and should i be trained? [applause] >> so it looks like we have time for about one more question. okay, i'm stephanie and i go to the university of arizona. my question actually started up a conversation that have been a cgi year 2014 past march and i was talking to a couple girls and we started talking about public speaking and it applies mostly to this conference because we were talking about women in public speaking. she said having more student leaders will definitely have to have more. the conference were the workshop once, and the woman was saying how she purposely makes with lorimer controls the people take her more seriously while public speaking.

so that idea has really fascinated for me and questioned how other people view me because i know when i talk about something i'm really passionate about, my voice gets really high and i start to talk really fast. i am just wondering, do you think that hurts us or do you think we need to conform to a certain models of people will take us more seriously? >> i think it is a great question and i think it has implications or at least relevant even far beyond public speaking. this comes up in the way we dress them the way we cut our hair and whether or not we wear makeup and our body type and how we found over the telephone or even in a one-on-one conversation, not just in front of the nontheists. how we bought, how we say it. i mean, i could go on, rate? and the unfortunate reality is that it is both.

and i think it would be disingenuous to pretend otherwise. i think if we do want to be taken seriously and if indeed we want to be leaders, part it's been a leader is being taken seriously, at least by the will you are trying to lead. i think we have to be candid about what peoples preconceptions are of leadership, how far we can push those, but then once we are excepted, kind of been pushing them that much further. so i think it is not just about -- and assert a knot about capitulation so much as it is about strategy. but you should never go so far as to when you feel inauthentic. you should never make so many sacrifices were kind of damp and who you are to such a point you

are not able to be yourself. because if you are not yourself, you won't be able to be the authentic warrior that you are trying to be on whatever path you are trained to march down. authenticity kidnapper be overestimated for how important it is for credibility. so it is a balance. kenneth lay, now is exactly what you should be experimenting with what that balances. so if kind of lowering your voice or at least being aware, kind of not going into superhigh registries when you're excited doesn't feel comfortable to you and you realize people are looking at you more intent to his seriously, that's okay. but if it does feel comfortable to you, then find another way to get people to take you seriously listening to the content of the substance of what you are saying and not just the tone in which you are saying it.

but i think it is great that you ask that question and i hope also people give you honest feedback. some of the best feedback i ever got on an unrelated issue when i was working at mckinsey and one of the partners i was working for at the time was my first engagement. so i've been there maybe two, said to me, pulled me in his office and said you've got to stop apologizing. and of course i said i'm so sorry. [laughter] he said it's just, you don't even realize you're doing it. you habitually apologize for everything. 99% of the things you shouldn't be apologizing for. he said people are not going to take you seriously as you deserve to be taken if you apologize all the time, particularly things that are to minimize. he said a word to start fining you a dollar every time you say sorry. it took me a long time to stop

the visceral apologizing. so apologize because i'm from arkansas originally for the things i should apologize for. yes, go, arkansas. but ever so grateful grateful to that. that is criticism that should be taken seriously. as much as he made light of that company was making a really serious point. i was young. i a woman. i was working on a financial services case. there were so many things that were stacked against me. but he also knew ours is super hard worker, i was smart, i was in vicious, but if i didn't get rid of apologizing, people were going to focus on the first part about the second part. so figure out what the right strategy is for you to be taken seriously. the authentic and get honest feedback so that you get the balance right along the way. [applause]

>> so i believe that is all we have time for today. thank you again, chelsea for taking the time to spend the afternoon with us. [applause] >> thank you, everyone. [applause] [inaudible conversations] >> thank you. what a remarkable opportunity we have had to listen to chelsea clinton. so thank you so much for joining us. [applause] >> we will need to learn again how to work together, how to compromise, how to make

pragmatic decisions. in the upcoming midterm elections, americans will have choices to make about which pat you want to go down and weather will make the investments we made in our people. i will leave that discussion to others. but for a lot of us in the private and nonprofit sectors, we have worked to do, too. government doesn't have a monopoly on good ideas obviously. and even if it wanted, it couldn't and shouldn't try to solve all the problems by elf. we have responsibilities to do what we can.

>> the number of children crossing the border without parents is expected to almost double this year. the new head of customs and order protection, gil kerlikowske, today called a humanitarian crisis. beacon at the center for strategic and international studies in washington, he said children crossing the border illegally are not eligible for citizenship. mr. kerlikowske was introduced by a former defense undersecretary. >> good morning, everyone. welcome to csi sp at an kathleen hicks, i and international security program here and it's my great pleasure to be were introduced in our speaker today and are discussing the lot with him. first of course is the honorable gil kerlikowske, who is here as the commissioner of u.s. customs and border protection, sworn in and large.

mr. kerlikowske has an extensive history within mod worsening community and of course now he runs the largest law enforcement -- federal law-enforcement agency in the country and we are very much looking forward to his remarks this morning. customs and border protection has been very much in the news of late and he is going to have some good questions put forth to him by her discussant, adam isles come in managing director chertoff grew up in us had plenty of his own experience over the years on homeland security. so without further ado, let me turn it over to commissioner kerlikowske and let him get his remarks. >> thank you very much, kathleen. it is a great pleasure to be here. it's a great pleasure to be back us up to, especially in this beautiful new facility where well over a year ago i had the opportunity to deliver some remarks on another non-controversial topic, drug

policy at csis. so to be back and have another noncontroversial topic such as immigration border security et cetera is just a delight. the thank you again am not mico ahead and start with a few things. i have had about 100 days as a cbp commissioner, so when you think of all the tough questions, i've only had 100 days, so i'll be able to dodge some of them if they are particularly difficult. i think it is the perfect time to talk about the evolving vision for cbp and also talk about some of the very pressing concerns we face and also where agency is headed. so let me first talk about the workforce because i think that is actually the premier part. we assume to have 62,000 employees in 40 countries. a wide range and diversity of people with skills that.

as many of you know from the federal employee survey, we don't do particularly well when it comes to the morale in the department. and so, working on my is a particularly critical item for me. i'm the first commissioner to be confirmed by the senate and now over five years i think it is helpful when you've gone through the confirmation process, the previous commissioners who are incredible people. i have the greatest that collaboration for alan berson, david aguilera, tom witkowski and they did a tremendous job and they certainly have the full support of the administration. but i think it is also critical that you have the support of the senate in these issues. during the five years i served president obama as his stroke policy adviser, had the opportunity to work very closely with people on the hill.

so communication, having the support of the administration, having the support of members of congress i think is helpful to this large and diverse workforce. you know, for most of the history, our workforce on the border was very much divided and very independent among federal agents fees. borders, air operations, ports of entry while search by different federal agencies. but since 2003 at the 9/11 commission and the founding of the department of homeland security, we have had one unified order reaches the man has allowed us to really work and you try and craft a comprehensive border strategy to not only secure those borders, but also to support our economy. many of you know we have this dual mission with the facilitation of lawful trade and travel in the security at the borders and they are not mutually exclusive.

let me give you just some ideas that are at the bit depth of what the people i cbp do on a daily basis. to process a million passengers in pedestrians. 67,000 truck, rail and sea containers make one pass and apprehensions day. this is all on a daily basis. they arrest wanted to wanted criminals. this is about 12,000 pounds of narcotics. about $300,000 in undeclared current the. about almost $5 million worth of projects that violates intellectual property rights. in addition, 440 agricultural pests that the u.s. ports of entry, 4379, being a good fabric of the obvious numbers numbers, 4379 agricultural materials they require quarantine to protect her agriculture industry. if you want to know more about copper needles, i will be happy

to discuss those in depth. to carry out that mission, they have become as kat mentioned, the largest law enforcement agency in the united states. but we rely on employees for success and even when you look at our budget, the vast majority of our budget is in our salaries in personnel costs. in order to fulfill the mission it is absolute vital that we do everything we can to support the workforce. there are many ideas to enhance the workforce that involve recognition, that involve support, but also a strong mentioned from every leader within cbp to that workforce that people's house, taking care of their families, making sure those things are premier either critical and important thing. we were doing lots of experimentation in the expanding, telecommuting, changing environment within the

organization. but i think what not message comes across to the leaders come in many of whom are seated in front of me here today in the message comes across to the leaders about the importance and the value they place in employees that i think translates well. the better the workforce says, the more efficient they are, the less time, on and on. many of you know this somewhere who came we are going to be able to improve the way we show on the federal employee workforce survey and this is also an issue is that if you know the secretary johnson and also a deputy secretary alan mayor case. when we work with this vision, we are going to improve the product dignity we better keep with carrying out our mission. carrying out our mission involves sharing information and

creating community. partnerships and information sharing are at the heart of what we do. in the first hundred days i've worked hard to travel across the country in many places around the world to visit with our employees and to listen to them and have town halls and also enforced through relationships the important international relationships, particularly places like mexico. our counterparts among first bank, customs, immigration, intelligent security and foreign affairs. and peru adjoins the directors general of customs of the western hemisphere to consider regional risk management strategy. so we do a better job here in the united states government on interagency collaboration and in turn we have to do a better job in international collaboration. i did the same thing in spain commemorated with numbers of the world customs organization and all of this is not only to promote the lawful trade and

travel, but also to make sure the supply chain is secure and not foldable to crime and corruption. in the middle east i spoke with our arab leaders -- arab leaders about building the capacity for a secure trade and travel. the unified order management system that is being replicated around the world is modeled on the good work that has been done by cbp here in the united states and its a truly collaborative approach. and when i listened, by the way, to the different counterparts, whether customs or border security forces, more and more you hear the talk but if it's not just about the collection of revenue, not just about the trade and facilitation, which is often a part of customs organizations in other countries who don't have the dual responsibility we have come to security concerns absolutely preeminent over and over the product increasing concerns

about security. we have models and things that we can offer to other countries to help improve that. we have to work with our industrial partners. we have an extensive interagency collaborative network. washington with lots of interagency meeting and everyone on your stance and the value of those relationships. and as a result, cbp in its network of partners, we have prevented, we meaning they collect debris, have prevented a pretentiously dangerous individual from coming into this country. those are often cases of course that we are not allowed or cannot talk about publicly, but i've seen it time and time and time again. we have private-sector partnerships. so it is not just the interagency and it's not just her international partnerships. when you think about networking and sharing of information with government agents is, we have to include the industry as part of

that. an example would be the air cargo advanced screening program. after the christmas day at 10 bomb or after the air-traffic worldwide was disrupt it in 2010 with the printer cartridges from yemen, things changed dramatically in people really stepped up to the plate. from the private sector along with the government, to develop a system that is risk-based and made so much more sense in protect the country. we needed to receive data in advance on air cargo and the industry stepped up. fedex, dhl, ups and tnt. those expressed industry shipping companies handle almost all of the air cargo globally. when we put the problem on the table as a result of what was discovered that the cartridges,

those private-sector partners work with us to come up with a solution and i think acasp is an excellent example. automated passport control would be another one. the more information the cbp or custom in protection border officer has, the more information where they don't have to spend time doing data entry and typing into the computer, if they have the information because someone astarte scanned their passport through the kiosk, that is more information or more times a day can go to processing people and was a legitimate travelers through the system, but perhaps spending more time for additional skirt is needed. so the automated passport controls are important. you have read extensively about this hearing foreign fighter issue. we are actively engaged in that again with the interagency. it has certainly been a secret in the remarks director called

me and others have made about concerns and certainly the concerns recently raised in belgium and france were highlighted this particular thread and it is important we are part of that. the need for eliminatieliminati ng bias and working more closely with our foreign partners is not only helpful to our safety and security here in the united states, it is certainly more helpful to the safety and security of our partner nations. the employee morale i want to get back with a little more in depth is important because so much of what we do is also based upon those resources. so we have huge, significant improvements in type allergy, training, et cetera. so much of what we do is labor intensive. when you look at all the technology and many of you travel so extensively in new

growth through the ports, i hope your global entry member by the way. go through the ports. it is so fascinating to see all the technology that is so helpful, but it is also so fascinating to see the experienced knowledgeable cbp zero recognizing the importance of their mission to protect this country, but also having the skills to be able to identify and every single day when i mentioned this at a secure seizures of cash and narcotics and others, the prohibiting of people that shouldn't come to the united states, a lot of that is based upon the work and skill set those people have. so the more we do to improve their training, their development, recognizing their performance and thanking them, the better off we all are. we are going to expand our

ability within cbp, again with a very large organization to let people know about career path opportunities and perhaps additional training and where we can also be a part or with the interagency and that people have an opportunity for a period of time to work in some other location somewhere in other things. i have never been more impressed with the workforce and i i have been with cbp. when this job has been talked about within the white house and i was asked about it, in case they knew anybody, i raised my hand and said what about the? i had the opportunity because i've had the chance over the years serving the president to work on some of the southwest border counternarcotics strategy. every two years we update that. so during the time i worked on three of those for the president, i was able to spend a lot of time with cbp on the southwest border meeting with them. i said i knew this was a place i

wanted to go. not that i was anxious to leave the white house, but i was anxious to loss of getting two operations. let me talk about some name that has been in the news a lot beyond the company children. the number of children the cbp is encountering on the southwest border has increased to 92% over the last year. i'm talking fiscal year numbers. many of them are girls. many more are under the age of teen. it has created a humanitarian crisis. secretary johnson on may 12th determine this with the a-level for condition of readiness within the department of homeland security. that is a determination the situation has exceeded the capacity of cbp and i.c.e. ..

until they come into and until they have been encountered by us. fema has done an absolutely tremendous job. they know disasters and they know about coordination and engaging the interagency ended up working closely at the state

and locals so the director administrator and the men and women have done a great job on this and as you know from secretary john zinn's remarks and his visit on monday that he also takes this very personally and it's very high on his radar screen as is among every member of the obama administration. this group is working to gather to ensure that children are transferred out of the border patroclus of buddies and go to the health and human services and that they can just provide from the momentum that we encounter from the moment that we encounter them with nutrition, education, medical care etc. and then expanded that later to include housing and mental health care the majority

are from central america and fleeing hardships of economic conditions and fleeing violence within their own come trees and many are seeking a reunification with their families. the imitatio immigration procede then working with these children and relatives to place them here in the united states and of the longer-term facilities. the custody, the dhs office, the coast guard and many others and so many volunteers. in the association there are many others that are involved in helping to provide food for mclean clothing, shower facilities etc.. it's a tremendous operation. we are working hard to launch the public affairs campaign in

these other countries to talk about wine, not only the dangers that these kids face by being placed in the hands of coyotes who are involved in smuggling them, not only those dangers but also the dangers they face in other ways but also the clear recognition that regardless of what is being considered now in congress for comprehensive immigration review that they would not be entitled to a path to citizenship as a result of entering the country now at this point. cvp along with our partner law enforcement agencies have surged investigators to bring the backs of the investigators involved in this often times for large amounts of money and often times they could care less about the safety of those children in their care. so we are working hard to make sure those people are apprehended and that the department of justice is working hard to make sure that they are

prosecuted so we have responded and the border patrol agents at the ports of entry also where these kids can walk up a bridge and turn themselves in. they turn in their own clothing company have done so many other things it is beyond any skill sets that they have and certainly something they didn't sign up for. use of force is another issue so i will change topics dramatically. the use of force is particularly by the border patrol. they have received a lot of attention in the media. the cdp has been criticized for its lack of transparency regarding the policies and procedures. about two weeks ago we began to change that and even earlier the chief began working very hard to make sure that the policy changes and the training changes

that are needed because you can't just issue a piece of paper that all of this is being done to so we are working within the leadership to be more transparent and to be more open to improve policy training and i think that you will see more to come in that particular area so let me just say that cbp has exceeded in the unimaginable ways to improve our technology and our innovation and vision. we know that people want to come to the united states so even though we hear quite often about the wait times at the airport or the wait times at the seaports, people want to come to this country and over the last four years and every year we have seen travel and trade increase. they want to do business in this country. they want to trade in this country. this is a safe country and they help very much to make it that way and that is why people want to come here.

but also because in many ways you can do business in this country without having to be overly concerned at all about corruption and pay off. so when i think about all of the work that they do to protect intellectual property rights, to make sure that everything they do at the border is particularly to make sure that this is a safe and secure country and to make sure that the trade and travel can fluoresce sinead wall full of legitimate way so those are just a few small things of an organization and a workforce that i am extremely proud of and i couldn't be more honored than to have been nominated and confirmed and now the thing that organization so i think i'm ready. thank you all.

>> i'm going to moderate the following by starting off with a couple of questions on my own and then wha but i'm going to ds look to the audience to follow up with questions and what i would ask for us to do when we take questions from the audience is to raise your hand and i want to call on you and identify your self and affiliation before stating the question. commissioner, thanks so much for the remarks that you made. i want to touch on a couple of topics you raised to take the discussion off. you talk about the tremendous increase in unaccompanied minors that are being apprehended on the southwest border and about the humanitarian focus of the governmentwide humanitarian response effort and you touched a little bit on what the government is doing but to try to detour thes deter these fromg undertaken in the first place i wonder if you can talk more about whether you are talking

about those activities and how you will be thinking about whether the additional measures are required. >> some of you are considered in the programs to get the message is out but at that time a few years ago they were concentrated more on mexico but certainly in the central american countries and actually that's where our concentration is now. to say that it's an incredibly dangerous thing to try to attempt particularly in the summer to come into this country in a very rugged location every single day i get reports from the border patrol and the air and marine operations and the dehydration etc. you can't carry enough water physically to get

enough of that. but we also need to make sure that in this new round of messaging it isn't only the danger to themselves placing children in the hands of coyotes is incredibly difficult. there has been a lot of discussion and a lot of looking at our facilities, which actually are although not as much now but have been overwhelmed by the number of people. i guess we need to actually show the same level of concern by many organizations about the danger that these kids were in before they ever encountered somebody from the border patrol or customs and border protection who actually is a safe and secure individual for them, the last part of the message has to be this isn't a pathway to citizenship. >> what is this lighting on the underlying enforcement mission and particularly on the southwest border?

its concentrate on caring for these individuals that would normally be doing other enforcement duties and we have to look at alleviating that they've taken now a temporary detail about 115 border patrol agents from other sections where they were left and i don't know any other place on the border they were not busy but they were a little less busy and we surge them into this area. but the sooner that they can get back to doing those other duties i think the better. >> you talked about the use of the force policy. can you talk about how it is being received in the field? the message i tried to make sure it is to the people that are scrutinizing the force by any law and for that agency but

particularly the border patrol right now is that a return policy is a great first start but it has to be backed up with training. we have made changes in the training curriculum and the physical layout of the border patrol academy so that they have more of a real life situation for training on the use of force and it has to be reinforced through supervision and people have to be held accountable if the force is used in properly. i don't know any law enforcement officer that opposes these ideas and the message that i've given in all of the town halls with the border patrol is that there is no apprehension of an individual. there is no seizure of any amount of narcotics and there is no vehicle pursuit that is worth being injured over. we will have another day and law-enforcement officers all over the country recognize this,

so we do a very good job. we are going to work very hard, but we have to temper that attempt to apprehend with recognizing the risks not only to ourselves and to these agents but to others. >> let me turn over to the audience, and again if you could identify your self and affiliation, i would appreciate it. >> thank you for your remarks today. with the northrop grumman corp. and also the alumni. i wonder if i have a two-part question i wondered if he might discuss a bit of collaboration there has been with mexico working on its southern border. second part of the question is

what collaboration has been with canada for the northern border? >> the mexico's southern border in particular with guatemala if any changes or improvements that can be made there. it would be a benefit to the united states. many of these young people because of the changes in the security along the border are not able to enter the united states or they are being kept in what would be called stash houses that has a direct impact on mexico. the united states does something about the technology and the training and the skill set needed for border security and we continue to work with the government in mexico to help them with that issue. that's important. canada in the national drug control policy we write to the

northern border strategy a very different 4,000-mile border that is easily accessed and i think what i would say about both of these things is that it's not about the sheer number of people or the amount of technology but it's about intelligence and information sharing and focusing your finite resources on the risk. >> the lady in the pink shirt in the back. >> ladies and gentlemen i have the modern focus on wellness and prevention. thank you so much for the presentation. looking at the border security i wondered if you could talk about africa. this problem is everywhere.

how do we do this to be an international with the migration, security and customs because this would prevent terrorism. then it is all confusion. we would look at that and how can we collaborate in africa and all over the world. >> i think that one thing that i would offer is the customs and border protection has personnel and i think the 22 countries we have personnel at about 40 countries. we have advanced training centers and others in working with our partners at the department of state we are very happy and we have done it many times and in many countries. we are very happy to share our

lessons learned. and frankly, it isn't that united states coming in saying this is the way you must do it and this is the way that it should be done. here are all of the mistakes that we have made. perhaps you could benefit from those mistakes. we are better at those now. and then when we leave those partnerships and those training sessions, which we do quite often, we are more knowledgeable and we have almost always walked away from those sessions having learned more than perhaps we have imparted that we have developed relationships. we would be happy to follow up with you later and help in any way that we can. >> in the front row here the lady in the purple, yes. secretary, you talked about the cargo scanning as well as the port technology but how do you feel about the 9/11 commission

scanning policy and its pushback that's coming from that? because there is new technology out there that is affected. its past, so it has no effect on the cargo inside and it can affect contraband so what do you feel about that and check? >> i think that many people in the audience know that the law requires 100% scanning and it also provides the secretary of homeland security with the ability every two years to say that whether or not it could be achieved. 100% scanning based upon a technology that existed someplace in the past would have left the cargo and trade stacked up either in the air stacked up in the ships quite a ways out from the port. with that being said, technology has changed pretty dramatically. and we are exploring a variety of ways to continue to look at this coming and of course as you

know, the radiation monitoring access with everything coming into the united states or almost everything coming into the united states. there are a variety of risk based approach is that we are using and then we also try to make sure that we have not just at the border security screening but then further what are the security measures and that kind of cleared defense that we can take so i think we are very hopeful that we can and we will continue to look at the technology that's available to continue to move towards that. >> the gentle man in the blue shirt. thank you. >> you previously mentioned that it's not about the number of people on the board or the technology but it's about information sharing. could you elaborate a little bit more about how you can become

more effective with information sharing? >> first of all, we have to develop those trusted relationships with other law enforcement organizations and those law-enforcement organizations such as interpol or others can be particularly helpful. we have also done a better job and continue to move in mr. action with something called preclearance. as accomplishing the border out and expanding the border beyond our borders. so when we look at the being able to clear the people coming into the united states and entering in for customs, 3,000 miles away such as in abu dhabi it makes an awful lot of sense. so those are the kind of things that we want to be able to continue to work with. you know, very much by law enforcement colleagues around the world we very much come to the conclusion that we are all in this together and the more that we can support and work with each other via better off

we all are. >> the gentle man in the yellow shirt and the back. >> good morning. over the years of border security measures have pushed a lot of migrants to go through more of the rugged west city focused areas but as for these kids where do we see the highest concentration of them coming through? pack the highest concentration is the shortest distance traveling from central american countries through mexico so it is in that particular area that we have seen the largest number of kids. as you know apprehension is along the border and it had been decreasing but this is a difficult situation because of the terrain and also because

they are children and apprehension is probably the wrong word. these are kids are saying i want you to take care of me. >> because they are less focused on being caught by the border patrol and they are almost openly putting themselves out there. >> very much so. it isn't through great detective work. >> the gentle man in the jacket. >> my name is charles endymion international advisor. i arrived from paris to days ago, thank you for the entry. it's very effective.

my question is on the process of the children going across the border, some of them as you mentioned are coming in for the reunification for the family. i was born in morocco and i went through the system and i understand how long it takes. can it take less time for these children or for that paper processed through the ambassadors or whatever to make it a little bit easier or faster? it can take years to get the paperwork done properly or legally. >> your point is excellent. that is something the department of state is well aware of. but we also know giving the

numbers of the people that wish to come to this country and to remain in this country is an overwhelming amount and i think the question is probably answered better by the department of state i'm glad you raised that issue. >> the leedy in the third row. >> thank you for speaking today. that's really going to happen and we know ther know there's ay partnerships in place and if not the guard to many who else might be utilized. >> that's part of the

administration when the surge of national guarnational guard i tt 1200 guardsmen were deployed a few years ago. when that secretary gates and secretary napolitano were involved in that. i don't know of any plans involving the national guard now, but i know that the customs and border protection has a long and fruitful history with the guard particularly in the areas of intelligence and analytics gathering information, etc.. i would tell you that we have no better partner than the department of defense and the secretary in particular. he ended the relationship that the secretary johnson have is tremendous and the amount of technology that is being returned as a result of the drawdown in afghanistan is very helpful and a lot of that technology can be used by us on

the border and we have seen it transition very quickly to that so there are some very good relationships going on and the improvements there. thanks. >> you mentioned the transition equipment. we are in a mine resistant manufacturer and now that the iraq debate coming texture team did that access we were just informed this week that the dhs re- quested 350. we talked to the reporter previously and they didn't feel they needed armored vehicles and they wondered what the intent to go to border patrol or are you aware of that? >> i would like to pretend that i actually know the answer to that, but actually i'm very much unaware of it but i'd be happy ti would behappy to look into io get back to you.

can you give a timeframe for the investigation and say when their names are involved with the public? >> i would tell you a couple of things. one is i think that i pretty much demonstrated by commitment to having the complaints investigated. my commitment to making the information as a result of those investigations now. i would tell you in reading a few of the complaints, the lack of specificity particularly when, where, what station collett alone the names of any individual is extremely troubling.

the companies are very concerning and that means it will take longer and we will have to look at that. the other part that i mentioned to you is i am extremely troubled by the difference in extremely troubled by i spent a lot of time and i had seen these agents doing incredible things taking care of these kids who were in dangerous situations and i watched them do everything from change diapers to heating formula. by the way they don't have very good skills. having tolhaving taughthaving tw something about diapers but they are young men who are not particularly good at bat but they are getting better. i watched them bringing in their own clothing. i saw the pictures of the birthday cake for an 11 year old who never had a birthday cake.

i'm not quite seeing the complaints in hearing about the men and women need our support. >> i don't have a timeframe only because the complaints are so vague and lack specificity so that it will take a while to drill down into what is actually being talked about. on the institute of gulf affairs you mentioned earlier about the apprehension of the individuals in the country. i was just wondering if you could maybe detail or touch on the process of what is supposed to be undertaken either borrow the foreign national or bring them to the attention of the d

dhs. so the information about the individuals entering the united states that may be prohibited or barred whether it is on the no-fly list or other databases that the bylaw would not receive adequate hints to the united states. and so we work with these other agencies because we are actually the gateway or the entry point that we are kind of the enforcer often times of these regulatio regulations. the lady in the front. i am the congressional correspondent for the hispanic outlook. you said that many of the kids

are girls and many are under the age of 12. that really is a very vague term and we are hearing that the vast majority are males under the age of 18 between 15 and 18 i wonder if you could give more specifi specifics. if the mission is to put kids that come in illegally but the parents that are illegal that's one thing family unification but what if they have no family and they just come in and of your under 18 and we consider that minors. is there any talk at all of the deportation? >> the issue specifically around the numbers has been a bit difficult because we have a

number of border patrol stations where these encounters occur. we have some definitional issues of the family unit versus the individuals. we have lots and lots of information. i think that with the secretary and i and others have stressed is that we recognize that this is an overwhelming number of young people in need of care and of protection including as you said many under the age of 18 but the vast majority of these kids meeting our services and our support. i would tell you that health and human services is doing an admirable job under the circumstances to take these children within 72 hours so they could either be reunited with a family member or placed in

foster care. and i would not comment on the deportation issue. the gentle man in the front. my question is this. the president has done such a wonderful job trying to push for immigration reform and one of the ways that he's been brought politically has been raising questions we would be for immigration reform.

is there somebody in the administration who can explain this or has tried to explain this to the american people because not everybody can come and listen to your wonderful presentation. >> he asked both people for climate change issues. >> i think the person that is most knowledgeable and that has been the spokesperson is the head of the domestic policy council who is incredibly knowledgeable about so many of the details in the border security issues and often times when we talk about border security and mac tricks it is often discussed in the eye of

the older and there is no question that there are more resources and technology and time and focus on the border security over these last numbers of years been any time in our nations history i think we all have to recognize we have finite resources and we will continue to work hard and the men into the women of cbp continue to work hard to uphold the responsibility. a gentle man in a gray suit. >> just wondering you are talkinweretalking about the manr border patrol. could you discuss what role the systems have already begun to play anywhere you see that going

in the future? >> the technology systems that are already in play? >> i think the things that are most helpful that i have seen and listening to people on the border would be things like the tethered air staff. in the technology we have unmanned aircraft. the infrared systems that are a part of that also. all of those things are of value added to the people that are working on the border.

i'm a private consultant for the dhs personnel i was astounded by your comment about the increase in the number of children in this category from the last year i think you said 92% that's an unbelievable statistic i don't know what the actual numbers represent but normally if you see an increase of this nature it is due to some factor. it is into just things as normal area to since the economy is not the draw that we had in the past is there an effort to identify what specifically either by interviewing these children or elsewhere what exactly is the spark is there an individual, are there groups of people, are they working to take advantage of something, do we know anything? it's nice to be able to stop it.

no one in the administration particularly has tried to couch this in terms of other than what we are seeing that doubled the number from the last fiscal year before that but nothing to the extent that we are seeing this year. we have seen surveys from the united states conference of catholic bishops and it goes back to those issues. there's always been a factor for people coming into the united states but as we know they have the top rate of any country in the world, so the gang violence

and other types of violence in those countries, el salvador, guatemala, honduras are certainly a concern. the request for an education and a better economy and safety security are there and so is the family reunification a part of all of that. that's why we are trying to address in our comprehensive message to be broadcast in many modes to those countries that it is not only dangerous. the fact this will not lead to a path to citizenship. >> could you talk about what is your take on implementing giving your work on the southwest border into giving technology now as smart phones and biometric software.

it is extremely important and has a lot of value when we look at how we can decrease the weight kinds in the united states for people entering the countries of the continuing country said the continuing study of biometrics is important. i think at the end of this month they will be opening up a kind of experimentation center on biometric on technologies we are going to continue to explore data but of course it is not just the biometrics that would be helpful. we know that they have to be put into an infrastructure and if the airports really are not designed for biometric exit all of that has to be put into an infrastructure and we also have to be very aware of the privacy and the personally identifiable information. it's a pretty complex set of things. but i would tell you we are exploring with a number of people and a number of very smart people in a very open way

with members of the congressional staff the exit programs and technology. >> well, commissioner thank you for your time. i am not sure many people appreciate what a complex mission cbp has. we talked about processing a million travelers a day and purpose that is obviously trying to find a few high-risk travelers in the midst of the great number of legitimate travel and one of the things they've been doing for a number of years is being that interface between the government and stakeholders in the private sector and the community in general and kind of bridging the gap and getting a greater visibility into the challenges that we are facing as a country so thank you for partnering up with csi s. to provide the kind of pictures and topics that you are facing today. >> thank you all very much. [applause]

>> we take you live now to george washington university for a discussion with hillary clinton on her new book hard choices. the secretary will be sitting down for a conversation with the washington, d.c. politics and prose bookstore. this is a live look at george washington university auditorium where we are waiting to hear from hillary clinton.

[background sounds] while we wait for hillary clinton to speak about her book we are going to show your remarks she made last month about economic equality. she spoke before the new america foundation in washington.

we are going to show as much as we can before the start of today's books session. [applause] >> good morning. good morning. >> i am delighted to be here and i want to thank eric for his very kind words but also for his generous contribution to this institution as well as everything that he does to support innovation and growth in our country. and i want to thank my friend and former colleague. i'm deeply grateful for all of her contributions and intellectual power at the state department. she helped us put a start power into practice including in her leadership of the first-ever comprehensive review of the state department and usaid called the quadrennial diplomacy

that provide a blueprint for the 21st century statecraft. she is now bringing the same and imaginative discipline and leadership to the new america foundation. and they focus on big ideas. on the intersection of the policy and the technology, exactly where she has been and where this extraordinary foundation is headed. i think new america is becoming an even more exciting and indispensable fixture in the policy landscape. so i'm delighted to be here in the midst of a conference whose program i read and have admired and i think it is a great way to bring together people who are also thinking big but also doing so with their feet firmly planted in the reality of the times in which we are living.

speaking of times, this is a particularly special one for me and my husband. we are still reveling in the fact that we are going to become grandparents and i have already learned that when you are about to become a parent for the first time you can be a little terrified as the prospect and the responsibility. but becoming a grandparent for the first time, nothing but joy and excitement. very little response ability. ..