find solutions to them. the reason we should be more optimistic these days and in the next few years we will for the first time ever bring billions of people fully fledged and access knowledge and huge amounts of power. this is the best news going and i am confidant. >> it isn't just the access to the world's knowledge it is being able to contribute to the knowledge. this is innovation on steroids, in a good sense, i guess. >> what we can say is in the city of barry bonds you know what we are talking about. >> what you just said about, you know, the issue of global poverty and the impact of the

technologies in africa and asia, how much of the problem with growing income inequality in the developed world is u.s. centric and will it go away once the rest of the world catches up. >> that is a great question. let me look at other developed countries. if you look at the countries that are rich and developed, the pattern is very similar in the other countries. in 18-22 countries, inequality is growing in sweden, france and japan. one of the exceptions was greece about they have another set of exceptions. >> greece is not the model >> they started with different

lefbl levels of inequality. it isn't just politics or local conditions. it is more fundamental than that. look at what is happening in china and other countries and there i think the stories are more striking because we were looking at some of the issues in terms of say manufacturing employment and people think of globalization and technology as being the two great forces affecting the economy. and the idea of manufacture moving from the united states to china. it turns out that in fact manufacturing employment in china is shrinking. 20 million fewer people are working in manufacturing today than in the 1990's. it is shrinking in the united states and all of the places worldwide. it isn't a matter of jobs moving from one country to another. it is jobs moving from both china and the united states to

robots and to automation. the phrase that andy and i use to describe this is offshoring is just another wave and it will be more important in the next decades. i think countries like china that have been relying on low wage labor to compete with more in the bulls eye of the automation su -- tsunami --. >> and your china example cun k cuneck -- connects to a question that arrived. if you visit beijing right now without a gas mask you are going

to have issues. there is a question if quick innovation can keep up with the human impact on the planet as 7 billion people raise their prosperity levels. this question says do you expect technology to solve the problems associated with the fast growing population and the dwindling of technology and can technology keep up with the humans in the long run. >> yes, absolutely. with the very big exception of global warming, most of the environmental indicators are going into the right direction instead of the wrong direction. technology is a huge part of the reason why we are optimistic that overall, again with the exception, we will learn with technology to live more lightly on the planet. ...

democracy is beginning to become irritated at the technology. >> that is a nice phrase in, isn't it. it has been one of the unique stories of the last 20 years. the birthplace. the modern digital age, and reaction to it. the same thing happening batiste. it is too cold back east. [laughter]

>> and this is why we talk to our techno utopian friends to say don't worry, technology will take care of all these things. you have to grapple with the fact that not everybody is sharing in this county currently. if you just ignore that of people are going to get justifiably angry. and the reaction of many of them is going to be, we have to stop this technology, throw rocks at the buses. 200 years ago it was smashing the runs. as we said earlier, we don't think that is that all the right solution. destroying the benefits that we could be having. if you ignore the problem, that is a reaction that many people will have to be have to change the conversation to focus on more realistic solutions that are more inclusive. >> can the companies themselves address this? what do you think about the idea that the means of closing the

spread has forced companies to pay for the day they are about to mind. should facebook, twitter, the new york times pay their users for using and interacting with their tools. >> you debated exactly this point. >> a lot of rhetoric. his ideas actually are. he was to joel r. roberts of the pictures of his daughter the facebook i applaud his motivation. it makes no sense whatsoever. what can we do to address the challenges. it's a wonderful question working on the grand challenge.

kind of as a substitute for humans. look, if you give me a different challenge, tommy the robots that will work with people i see that instead. i like working on tough problems. you guys specified that you have a problem. we have these wonderful online competitions in context and tournaments' that motivate huge amounts of effort, and the single idea that we have come up with, let's use these things, these motivating tools to point to the technology in that direction, again, close the spread, but labor back into the economy, help but these challenges. >> we are getting pretty close to the end here. maybe we can try and figure out a way to a go out looking forward. a lot of parents in here are -- they have college-age children. i am myself. a lot of people are wondering what i tell my kids to do, where

do i steer them to thrive in this second machine age. a lot of things are out of our power. getting in the political system, changing the taxation that we do have got things that we can do individually and our panel. what can people do themselves to condition themselves? >> three pieces of a glass. first a look at those kind of skills that machines are not -- we already touched on some, creativity, interpersonal relations cannot motivating people, caring for other humans, and those are areas that we continue to have in demand. the second piece of vices of the two blacks. the nature of technology is constantly evolving. andrew and i have continued to be surprised about the advancements that are happening. it is unlikely that anyone

career, to be able to coast on that. you have to adjust. the third piece of advice is, do what you love and do something you are excited about it, not because it is more fulfilling those kinds of winner-take-all markets, you know, there will be a reward for being the very best in something, and there will be a lot of reward for being average or above average. there are few people that can be the best bet anything unless they really love it and enjoy doing it and in some time on it. those pieces of advice are probably the best kind of guidance for anyone going forward. >> the second question is apparent question very often about college-age kids. two pieces of advice. the first point is for the kids, it that damn bucks. one thing that we came across as

about this -- the amount of hard work going on on a college campus these days. and a concurrent slide in which people are actually -- i guess they should be in class and instead they're playing pierpont. these things, they're really appears to have been a slide. so hit the books and spend time on both sides of the campus. by all means, go hang out with the drumming teach in the english peaks. that is awesome, but then walked to the other side of campus and go hang out with applied math geeks or computer science geeks or physics geeks. have both halves of your brain worked out, some of the best possible preparation for the world we're heading into. >> okay. very quickly, yes or no, are we going to figure this out? >> definitely.

>> i think it all depends upon how we react. there is no inevitable future either positive or negative. one of the reasons we are glad all of you came to this room and are open to change the conversation is, yes, we will figure out. but we want if we just sit back and coast. >> that is a better answer. [laughter] [applause] >> our thanks to booktv.org and andrew mcafee 42 we also want to thank our audience is here and on radio, television, and the internet. i am andrew leonard. and now the place where you are in the know is adjourned. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations] >> you're watching book tv, starting now craig detweiler talks about his book "igods" in which he looks at the impact of technology and social media and our culture today. this interview as part of book tv college series from pepperdine university. >> and. >> host: and you're watching book tv on c-span2 on location at pepperdine university in malibu, california as part of our university series. we like to visit universities and colleges and talk to professors who are also authors. joining us now is craig detweiler. his book, "igods: how technology shapes our spiritual and social lives".

here is the book cover. professor craig detweiler, buffalo begin to that, what do you teacher at pepperdine? >> guest: i am a school teacher first. i help the students navigate the entertainment industry. >> host: also the director for the center of entertainment. is that part of your professorship? >> guest: it is a bit of the think tank looking at how media and culture impact each other. al found shapes our public conversation and how maybe, you know, students can figure out how to read contribute to the greater good. >> host: your book, "igods," is listed and classified as christianity and culture. why is that? >> guest: well, i am also trained as a theologian. i am a graduate of -- graduate of the theological seminary. i had always been interested in

how religious feelings are transmitted across culture. i am a person who has been moved by moving pictures. so this is a chance for me to consider how the small screen that we carry in our pocket is slowly over taking that big screen. >> host: the big screen of cinema, but also of religion. >> guest: well, that's right. what i do in the book is look at these new companies that have essentially overtaken our lives, whether it is apple, google, facebook, amazon, those are sort of the big four held -- for who at this point we are spending so many hours in a given date either on their devices are in their platform that i wanted to figure out how they have built their software, how does that affect our relationship to each other n