>> >> "jumped. >>host: "jumped in" what gangs taught me about violence, drugs, love, and redemption" author jorja leap.

professor what did gangs teach you and how? >> what they taught me was her mother is very little difference between all of us it almost sounds like a cliche but i continue to learn that they're not that different from any of the rest of us with surgery lazore it is but somewhere along the way they took a different turn. >>host: how long have you been working with gangs? >>guest: if you go to the lapd your law enforcement they have of very strict definition, three or more people congregating in public's behalf with criminal activities you could get very specific down

to the number. >>host: three or more people? eighty-one not just three people hanging out but in a criminal activity. so they make a plan to do something that does not fall within the range of the law. but to take up a broader look. i've had king member say law enforcement is the biggest gang of all. people that belong to restore your a fraternity. girl scouts or boy scouts and uniforms and rituals and symbols and so it depends. how long have i been involved trying to understand? and i began my a professional life as a young social worker in 1978.

>>host: when you talk about gangs how you define them? >>guest: i asked them. the definition does not not, from me. if they identified themselves kahane as part of the neighborhood i listen to them but i am much more interested how say talk about themselves rather than a label. >>host: now organizer these neighborhoods. >>guest: it is disorganized crime. other our populations if anybody casts the memories back they know how disorganized lower living

for the moment individuals are. that is not to do discredit what we hear about drug cartels corporate organizations that are organized around drug distribution and product. instead it has been the shifting clinics -- the clicks of men and women to come together to identify themselves as part of the neighborhood. >>host: we think of the bloods and crips. is that who we are talking about? and. >>guest: and that is fascinating that is in the media is a film and hip-hop. but the vast majority in los angeles air mexican-american

and latino. so talk about the bloods and the crips we also talk about mexican gangs one that is this generation like illness 13 that central american american, some of these very well-established hall -- gangs people say about the asian pacific or the brotherhood but by and large we talk about latino and african-american. >>host: dash ethnicity determine which gained you a line with? >> get used to but day want to become bigger. i know now that central american gangs will take black members and

african-american games will take brown members. so the real answer is it depends. also that did not used to be the case a couple of generations ago. >>host: house central to the lives in south central l.a. are these gains? they're still there. and is still there and still part of the history but with the young people coming up their beginning to pursue alternatives it is a slow process. nothing changes overnight but i have seen their real change. a lot of the gain since

south and east los angeles have migrated. day no longer are just in bin plus angeles in december added dino, inland empire even of the way to las vegas. there still gangs with their relocated. what is the alternative? >> the city of lost angeles undertook a very aggressive prevention program a little over five years ago under mayor valery cosa under the prevention program that had an impact there are many nonprofit agencies that were of neighboring very long and hard and they finally see the fruits of their labor with kicking duties and

schools and committee sanders they work as water to generations of a gang members they now have two children and they try to take them down a different pathway. i am involved with the program that really reaps some benefits called project fatherhood. is helps father's who were formerly incarcerated or former getting members learn how to father their children. what changed that? it is not any one thing but a number of programs coming together. >>host: jorja leap what is homeboy industries? >> the largest intervention program in the united states of america and in the city of lhasa angeles and has more getting involved men and women more than any

other organization in the country. is the a dream of adjustment priest working with gang members three decades ago was started in that tiny little shoe box office grew into what is now the age huge enterprises that trains a gang members in jobs to provide to the community with a series of businesses or social enterprises where gang members are employed the a homeboy bakery where they learn to do scratch baking. also the homeboy cafe where the father with waitresses with the attitude and their into sir i feel i have arrived because a taco is named after me.

they have tattoo removal removal, numerous services from project fatherhood that is their helping them to learn how to parent, educational class is, a tutoring, high school diplomas. >>host: is there a percentage of a crime committed in the south central that you could attribute to gain activity? >> it depends who you talk to but the majority of violent crime was gang-related but it is difficult to define because here is the deal. if i am a gang member and i take your wallet because i am i getting member is that a gang crime or do i just take your wallet? the time of blood and you

are a crap and i decided i will be you up now do those to crimes be classified the same way? one is clearly a gang-related did the other is petty theft so it is tricky. that is the answer filing crime in los angeles tends to be gang-related. certainly in the past a majority of homicides committed were in king territories and believed to be gang-related. >>host: on the news this morning there was a triple murder. i did not see any details. could that be engaging in activity? >> what is repeated on the news i have learned to listen they will say they tried to rule lot of it is gang-related. there are also certain signs

that suggest it could be. if it is a hotspot or territory where they are known to function. that is number one. number two if it does involve young men and. there's the greatest object and target to with victims' of filing crime. not the elderly it is the young of color. i also looked at who does it involve? middle age or 21? is there some sign of violence? also black on black and brown on brown is color involved in some way? i know what you to watch tv and think being go.

glove back to my example of the wall it. somebody drove by in a car in south l.a. and a cross-section if i hear it is getting involved i will say it sounds like the neighborhood is involved. >>host: do you have an idea how many king members there are like a liberal number? >>guest: the official story is in this city of los angeles around between 40 and 60,000. >>host: dash 18 million metro. >> the estimate is 80 and 100,000 the highs in the country could be reasonable some were identified 10

years ago are no longer active was accounted and they're not popping up signs. they're not popping up signs. so the number is very squishy. >>host: what do you teach at ucla? >> how to save the world in 10 weeks. [laughter] by teacher graduates and undergraduates and then have a course to social welfare literally how to change the world fast as i bring in getting members or the child welfare system, the elderly and the students engage with the individuals. and then privilege to teach research with kids and also

co-wrote justice and then to enter a few gang members and to find out the individual lives. >>host: could a middle-aged white guy and a woman in a red dress go anywhere and be safe? >>guest: no. absolutely not. if we went down 10:00 a.m. the morning bright standard the we would be relatively safe. everybody would know we were there. that is a crack at making the book if united states had to have the communications system as games i am not sure 9/11 would have happened. that is a bad joke but to say that their surveillance in their territory has been

excellent so if we went into south ossetia angeles people would be texting there are two middle-aged white people who looked out of place are down here. if we went at 10:00 at night we take more of a chance. however if we went accompanied by someone who is our resident then that is a completely different response. here seen as outsiders but somebody is navigating our passage. >>host: is there in getting president or board of directors or hierarchy? >>guest: there is a hierarchy but not a president or board of directors but there is leadership. there is no particular label

but it is the nomenclature so there is a hierarchy of sorts it is disorganized crime. but brains and leadership are rewarded. i started off by saying i learned it is not that different. very, very smart people and articulate and good planners are rewarded in the gang life just like in mainstream life. >>host: have you felt threatened while working, a steadying the gangs? >>guest: no. but that may be part the denial and also what i did i was very, very careful to align myself with people who were leaders or as former gang members not like my

bodyguards but a company to meet and prepared for me and vowed to for me. also a couple of bad factors because i had worked as a social worker believe it or not there were people in the housing development who still remembered me. and they were now grandparents inc. bought their grand kids and they remembered me from three generations back. remember i said they are smart and they have great detectors they know who's there to give them harm llord to understand or work with them. they think they saw my motives. it may have been naive but i did not feel it. on the of their hand was very cautious side did not just show up to say i am

interested in learning about gangs. you cannot do that. you will not be granted access. >>host: professor ucla author jorja leap the book is "jumped in" what gangs taught me about violence, drugs, love, and redemption" if you want to learn how the bloods and the crips and ms 13 were formed to hear you could put -- pick up a copy of "jumped in" where is home grown cafe located? >> inside the 14,000 square foot in the headquarters near chinatown. >>host: jorja leap thank you for being with us. >>guest: thank you so much.

>>host: professor when you hear the term liberal media what does that mean to you? >>guest: let's get my book i come up with the number that says how liberal or conservative the media outlet is. is based on the studies that political scientists have used for a long time and on the scale that i use zero is very conservative like michelle bachmann 100 is nancy pelosi and 50 is my estimate of the average voter like a blue dog democrat like arlen specter.

what i do in this book is compare that content of the media and to say arlen specter and then a statistical method to given number to the content and what that means it is the new york time sounds like a joe lieberman speech actually he is left of center he is 75 lead with it -- midway between specter and policy. so i would give the number.

>>host: give us one example of how you got joe lieberman at 75 and how "the new york times" gets at 75? >>guest: this is a recent example but in my books the main way that i judge how liberal or conservative the speech is or the media content is is i looked at think tank citations i have a list of 200 think tanks from year to its foundation to the economic policy institute, those are on the left and i count the ratio. is then a year times only sightseeing their heritage foundation more center for budget priorities? they would have something like four salesian one

ratio. and then by that method it turns out joe b. berman has the same ratio. but i would say finnair times content would be elected joe lieberman speech in some ways. i don't say that in the book and it is good to be called unbiased. that means about 50. so something like c-span would be 50 just because a lot of your content is speeches by a congress. if you get a balance you would be exactly 50 are very near.

said you need to have a range with "the washington times" said is 30 all the wit to "the new york times." cbs evening news when i did this dan rather was there it was close to 80 but msnbc although i did not measure for this book they would be even higher i am sure today. >>host: what about fox news? >> there is only one show with a special report. i think it was 39 it was right-of-center but not far. the average republican speech would be 15.

but not as far right as the average republican like a susan collins speech some people call her not truly a conservative. >>host: what is the methodology of the matthew used to develop your scale? >>guest: that is kind of evolved into pat myself on the back it took a lot of work. but basically as mathematical constitutional sciences i learned as an undergrad but that training alone would not have been enough there were courses i took in graduate school and i used those courses called maximum likelihood it is the technical term but something you learn in the second or third year in the economics department may be first or

second with statistics i

tried to be objective may be that epilogue it was a blast i did say spent the first two years of my career studying politicians. found the more i steadied politicians the more hour respective them. i have steadied journalists the more i studied them though less i respect them. that is the bit of a dig in and did is the same. but one is to be more

transparent and to if you'd get surveys they've put something like 92 / eight to so i am sure there filled with liberals and we you interact very little but the liberal politicians must interact with conservative politicians. they are stuck together if it wants to get anything done the have to interact with the other side. maybe a couple minor day x. >>host: in what way does a journalist personal bias affect his writing and how would that affect the reporting? >> the key thing the distortion of the bias of the journalist on not lurk -- lying to us on either

side by and large almost everything is true where it comes from is what they don't report, crimes of a mission and. the media research center looked at to reporters the bank was a memo with the white house that they put out the talking points that it was said you to the video thn we have the l.a. clippers owner sterling both are equally true sterling is the racist in my house playing politics to make themselves look good. both were true but some say the memo story is much more

important but as of a liberal you would taster link you should report that more. with your selection liberals will select one set and the conservatives will select another. that is one part of the bias was done. and some journalists will say that tax at the heritage condition and then to choose think tank's the ideology that causes a different bias >>host: author of "left turn", a professor groseclose view conservative? >>guest: i am. i score 13. i discuss all of my views

that i think journalist should do so i hold myself to the same standard size is just a journalist should use >>host: isn't a problem we have a bias in the media? for the most part people know what they are getting? >>guest: even though the average journalist is around 80 or 90 or 100 on my scale that is the political quotient what they feel in their heart but thus land portion is more moderate the mainstream media is 65 for 75 even though in their heart they were like to read porterhouse of around a bezoar '90s but they do think there are moderating themselves. it is good to have the variety.

kilo katchis surveys maybe 50/50 could be possible. >>host: in alien a conservative adjusted into a newsroom and the topics she might cover. >>guest: this was a great story about a woman a reporter in minneapolis got a job and it turns out a good job came about as an experiment maybe we should have the conservatives in the newsroom. a former member of a think tank. and this article i read said when the cell phone rings joy to the world the board has come everyone knows and whose phone it is.

added talks about what it would be like for her and why was interviewing her she told me about this story that basically she gave the scoop for with the imams flying together on a plane and i asked of her conservative values led her to learn about the story. she said yes. if i have a liberal values would not have been suspicious or have done the legwork. and it was anecdotes' and how her conservative views influenced her reporting and that is strong the other side.

>> you said those and have supported the democratic nominee why so many liberal journalist? >>guest: it is not in the book but i think with the dna of liberals to make it go to jobs. things like army officer. the liberals don't want to pursue that. us small time laundromat. but meanwhile anything with the job that seems to have perry area.

i don't think it is a conspiracy but self selection and. >> what you teacher at ucla? professor groseclose? >> i teacher economic with kids for a political scientist to use. >>host: does your bias come through in the classroom? >>guest: i try not to even my congress course i ask with students to compute their score for americans for democratic action that they looked at the '20s and they count that gives them the score and then i would teach the whole quarter at the end i would say it is time to guess the professors score. most of them some say zero

some say 100 but the average was 60 they were guessing knows a left-wing moderate i tried to shoot for the 50 and the reason a guest -- guess is that mostly into the left but at least there i think i do pretty well. >>host: what about your students? >> this is ucla so one time i did kind of took a poll it was 75 / 25. i think it was the bush kerry election. about the same man santa monica and beverly hills.

so they are slightly more to the left and the class that they teach it gets around i am one of the few republicans is on campus some take my course because of that because of it congress course they do exercises with the mock congress and it just doesn't work if it is 75 / 25 democrats alike to get 55 / 45 so i day be even republicans -- democrats to be republicans and i beg some of them to take my course and with that i can get the numbers up 40% republicans 60 percent

democrat. spin if that is a pretty close to a balance. >>host: as we tape this interview may 2014 you will be a different university. >> i will be at patriot at george mason. >> data fairfax virginia? why do you go east? >> i used to have a job there 20 years ago i have fond memories of george mason and it is little uncomfortable at times being one of the only non a concern -- one of the conservatives on campus i had a suspicion with a review for a raise may have hurt me but george mason is fairly balanced and economics department is a law school the rest is

pretty close to universities but it is very balanced and that was a big attraction. >>host: you are working on another book? >> yes. this was another reason i started the book before i got their job offer at george mason but it is the expos a the time amazon the additions committee the oversight committee and i saw a illegal behavior's this is the controversial book cheating with the insiders report of the use of race at ucla's why will not make friends with that book. when pretty's surgeon i would have taken the job anyway but that definitely helped. >>host: we're talking with professor groseclose "left turn" is the name of his