.. >> >> >> of the transportation and logistics sector that is why we're generally interested to learn more about richard

whittle research. equally important however is the fact that richard and i have been a person -- close personal friends over 30 years working together on a number of projects over the many years and i am delighted and it is a privilege for me to welcome richard whittle interested in his work product to work -- on the development of drones' he works of the wilson center and at the space museum through the academic year 1314. writing about the military

for more than 30 years including 22 as a correspondent for the dallas morning news. coming out two weeks ago and has accumulated quite some accolades from very different and authoritative writers and media outlets and selected the book as one of the best 50 in history the caucus review david did a coveted star review from the "wall street journal" calls it fascinating the "washington post" that it is no small feat that the caa

and upon the administration have their drawn operations. those that appears in the final chapters of the action packed details with the al qaeda leaders based on interviews. ladies and gentlemen, we're in for a special treat and richard, at the floor is yours. [applause] >> thinks for that very nice introduction and also a need 2.0 it is coincidence to start the operation that it

is not armed. [laughter] anyway i am very grateful for your hospitality today and thanks for coming to hear about my new book "predator" the secret origins of the drone revolution". it is an honor to speak to such a distinguished audience especially with two former air force leaders with us here today and retired lieutenant general who was the judge advocate general of the airforce. and retired general jack bailey is your. for former assistant and former deputy minister of nasa and director of the national air and space museum.

after the fall o 2013 but with the aerospace museum and for anything in my book or what i will say today they're innocent. [laughter] it is a posner to talk about about drones with the then to posted by dhl they're doing what others have talked about. and i hope in addition into new delivering medicine maybe they will start delivering box. [laughter] my book tells what i thought was this story the story of invention.

in the caa and how the age of aviation began. five years ago writing avenue book to get a comprehensive look and as many called them unmanned arial vehicle or uav. but then i read an article that the 10 aircraft that change the world. the only uav was the predator. the predator was the uav that change the world. it seemed to me more and more evident it natalie changed the world of warfare but opened the door to the

m&a and civilian aviation revolution. end of those of the drug revolution. the five-year said it took to write this book is as strange as the aircraft itself. it was just a buzz or unorthodox as the predator. the former israeli aeronautic engineer the people regard as a genius. board in 1937 but grown up with the socialist idea that characterizes israel of the 40's and 50's. by his early thirties he was director of design and special projects the aerospace manufacturer but

of the corporate climate seen from their early 70's 70's, after working on a budget the kore in 1973 inspired to strike out on his own. and immigrating to the united states like all great american inventors he was a not angeles. [laughter] as a young man in israel they're principal stock with them and with preflight competition to make a model airplane launched by hand but put on a rope like a kite then soar as long as possible for a time limit. he knew all the tricks and

in his lawsuit into this variety built the demonstrator but karem called it that albatross. his had phenomenal flight endurance 48 hours about refueling which was far longer than any military flown at that time. based on that he got a contract to develop a larger uav for the armed services. in 1989 a senior offical wrote a magazine article over of magnitude increase recorded by previous uav is led the joint chiefs of staff to have a new

insurance category of the master plan from congress. largely for personal and bureaucratic reasons that a detail in the book karem could not sell it to the defense department and the company went bankrupt in 1990. but thanks to other unorthodox thinkers his revolutionary ideas didn't die when his company did. they were rescued and karem was hired by a pair of brothers who had a genius for business to match his genius for aeronautics. the private owners of the sin diego area company else still very active.

in 1957 the brothers were in their early 20s and on the cover of "life" magazine. they decided to make that trip before they ever took there first buying less than. [laughter] because the blue brothers were entrepreneurs and in latin america they hope to find business opportunities. and as a result of that trip a graduating from yale the brothers had a venture that lasted a couple of years but the first of many that by the '80s made them uncommonly wealthy.

as the name suggests general autonomy began in a nuclear energy company. but a guy into the drone business buying it from chevron 1986 they had another reason to think this is a good investment. among the motives was a desire to help the contra rebels to help the sandinistas which said over tea -- overturned the former business partner. but with his first attempt as at the uav. they had the gps guided autopilot. the cia to pack the nose with missiles and also thought to help stop the

invasion of germany. neal wanted to call it the birdie because it was cheap jeep cheap. [laughter] but i was surprised to learn that the man hired to run the company was a retired navy fighter pilot named cassidy and with better become a creditor. but, who later proved lobbying has size say in my

book will or was of necessity. it creates a necessity to give birth to the predator. the war in bosnia led to use the development of the second drone that was a derivative of a smaller inescapable. in 1993 the photo at the bottom from 1993 move to california to seal the deal

the had a head count for years but but the same time undersecretary for defense was for the military. ag had a six month contract to make that possible of the concept of the technology demonstration. and then the defense department gave the first contract. and six months later, a predator made its first comeback.

>> and now i would like to elaborate. one of the first things that i did working on this book was to find out who was flying the predator but the more that i heard are really needed to talk to a official at the pentagon. in the air force director of

surveillance but here's how i described in. in reality he worked. [laughter] with the civilian secretary. the inside operator and only as he liked to put it kicking her. with this move then slippery operator clark was flavor

slightly acidic but if someone got in his way. but next met him at the airforce association in september and no one back again one month later and another month after that. i began to understand the predator prosecute abilities to do the same.

and although the president's budget it was a new technology that most were not sure how it could benefit. but over time it transformed the personal computer. and alyssa same thing happened. and only to a few people at that. but it could stay up as much as 40 hours. en nizolek -- the satellites that were familiar it was

just the platform but by 2001 the air force 2 charge the first weapon in history for new their side of the planet. it was accomplished by a special air force unit officially but since it was established in the 1950's.

the with the cia and other agencies it quickly evolved with the best secret service technology. and with a big fancy sports cars and machine guns but with those technicians but he was more specialized beginning with the first assignment with the largest one ever ought to with the

aerial reconnaissance but another retired colonel had another unorthodox player to play a role a scientist with electrical ability so in the

book by mutual agreement call him vince and i describe in detail of what they came up with. to have the command center as the unique satellite set up. and in europe with new communications architecture to make it possible but as i explained in the book the cannot just send up after a

satellite and come down on the other side of the planet. you cannot hopscotch from one to another. with the process along the way. but then to figure out to still use that essential architecture. and that brings me also to this book to this in the fall of 2000 of those some

of the london with the air force intelligence personnel less than a year later the ncaa using that session but the caa had as a predator but then the air force decided not to be left behind. but to be done by the air force general and for reasons that have nothing to do with the california and i

go over his reasons and circumstances in detail in the book. also wanted to do with your problem with a credit they're sitting there with then to have a momentum from the fall of 2000. with that acceleration richard clarke the counterterrorism director at the national security council and senior cia official came to the conclusion the united states needed to kill osama bin lot in. after the bombings of the embassies in kenya.

air force conducted its first hellfire missile january 2001 with the autopsy a leader and i emphasize to consider using this to kill some of the modern. this caa was not permitted the before 9/11 the idea of espionage and analysis service to control a military weapon that could lead to assassinate. even so, at the air force intelligence officer said

much of the early part and by september that year, it is difficult to see. especially in the back but this shows the campus of the ncaa in 2001. it shows the double wide mobile home serving as the command center. the small white rectangle was of ground control station to put there as they fly over afghanistan. but the focus on nearly operations conducted as a trip apart as some called it the for those who conducted

the on the first time in afghanistan of mohammad omar as you may already know the first killed by the large predator. i believe to be the most accurate with the predators' roll out with the death of the al qaeda third ranking leader osama bin laden trusted friend. but now as part of the evolution droves have been around for a long time attempted in a wide variety of configurations. technology was improving and utility used buses several types.

but the composite materials small as sophisticated carries with gps it is likely in time to become more than technology the war is never a necessity with their creditors made the drones' matter in ways they never have before. but now it hangs in the air and space museum and tested that spring with a ground test. into have a target tank. then building the caa with hellfire missiles that was designed to kill tanks.

the director build a structure to the resemblance of those in afghanistan. having the nickname taco bell. [laughter] sova to help measure they had to stands but you can see the plywood's so let. and with the large predator after some of the allotted by having those but it held its first meeting to discuss sending the first predator 2001.

weld many preparations have been made, a ground patrol did want to know if you are willing to take responsibility. one week from today? of course, . but i can tell you that. that there are no markings that the type of the control this california the lodge the first night of the war. >> and never said 2001. why can't we have just one character at a time? and the summer of that year

with the senate and south carolina and now we have clear the military they don't have enough. now as i said there their giving their rapid advances their richest but the breakthrough moment to offer an anticipated the is. receives to me to bring in for a global remote control but it is circumstantial evidence that with this statement bet now get the

entire u.s. military on the total with the projector -- the predator and and the pioneer. but issuing april 20015 months before 9/11 estimated by 2010 the armed services might have says many as 290 uav. when 2010 arrived the military had 8,000 uav i think today is more like 10,000. today the air force in italy trains more remotely piloted aircraft operators them pilots the army flies its own and even the air force are developing an unmanned aerial views as many as 80

nations build their own. with any issues of ability. in short i think we got it right. their creditor changed the world with the accepted thinking to offer access and what followed was the revolution that is still unfolding. thanks for listening and again they also think dhl for inviting me to talk. it has been an honor and never had a fight we have tied remedial answer your questions. [applause] >> that was great idea sure there are quite a few questions if i may to add

two additional assets to this debate the legal implications from the ethical point of view and the moral point of view? to go after people who may not have committed any crime bill just anticipate that they will? have you looked all this? and with that authorization of drawn strikes is that a satisfactory to day? you just mentioned and 80 countries. but tenures down the road with the united tilts the. [laughter] there is a lot there.

and the first question there is a felt -- of fairness question and no one is coming is it fair for military personnel to kill people on the other side of the world? my feeling is if you except the morality of where it started coming commanders have two primary applications. the first is a concept that is vital to sports. but that does not have a role anymore.

but it's i say nothing at all. it is a red herring that there is something unfair. but it is a military. [laughter] but the whole area of targeted killing with a different set of issues. the operates under title 10. but also not to sign any executive orders. but for me the one question i have with the executive branch and more information

and i personally would be more comfortable if i had the foreign intelligence surveillance act the wiretap that the judge has to approve the warrant and sometimes they have to remove the evidence but that general principle is for the executive branch to have more balance that they inform third members of congress. i don't know what before or after that might understanding they're not free to do anything with the liberation. so let's say also is that just a question of using drones but when the obama administration issued the

memo on the justification of killing, much of it was redacted but the government has public authority. but anyway there is a whole tangle area that is all they talked about. but you don't have to use the drone. you can do with the knife also. >> charlie stevens. you have written about other aircraft what blesses would

you offer how the government can do a better job? >> i assume you mean a reactive position? >> i have situations like we have now. going on for years and years. would do a receive the difference but then toupees off like a helicopter. i will be short-handed but

then try to respond. but it took 25 years than $22 million. it started off as the process and if it hits those regions it is supposed to air and is that requirements of online those better serving have the technique but the predator, it was actually very simple and i think it simplifies the process. we're writing the requirements because there

is the connotation of the impossible. and people say if we can do that. so one of the areas that should be focused is thinking about your big safari. enough to that 80 percent it is not a bad model. >> and then to turn against

another tide. >> the question that is on a lot of people's minds of a beeline if i said to be as a storyteller but i am told at this point the military has critical signals for that reason and there is little to no danger for anyone.

so to even see that data. someone else told me the signal needs to be protected. the with your point in the military. >> the with the technology but those are the possibilities. and it could reach a point in time but there are

countries out there and as you say in the photograph, i think that the technology is not the secret. lots of countries. >> anybody else? >> also. [laughter] but also looking into a summit in london that taliban handle looking at

the crew in the ground patrol station. and to maneuver to be as small as possible. but then in time. i did not ask. it is a little hard to see. but 72 over a helicopter for 12 hours. [laughter] so i think other countries

but i don't think we have to worry about evil trying those kinds of things. but that community issue or that perception deals with that fiber-optic cable. benny's to be restructured so the countries can do that. i think the greatest threat actually.

but when did that sea change? >> following up on that last question with the civilian voices have is that? >> id seen through is the gentleman at the faa that can answer that question

because as of something we've proved every day. and then went but then for them to see. then to come in droves and there are a lot of companies that are working on technologies to provide the into uav or the new incentive. >> kid then with -- east in

midafternoon. what declarations. and then move on and to the other side of the building frenzy and states wrote -- but i had the l.a. is also the fact did then feeding

him ahead dash if -- casper after caspar. and i don't know how air-traffic control works with all of us having the ability if we decide that i am sick of this and the flyovers. maybe we're just at the end of the cycle. >> and then to have that previous question, in debt

people are claiming we should go there. there are blame on the ledges spinach you ask me if they're able to? >> i don't know. period and it's an just to get a glimpse of it from retired but to know more

about billing claims than i do suggest that's if they are hit dead in the eyes at and i had to answer that question it is classified if might answer interested this stage. >> i am the best all so that makes more sense to me but to is where they will have two-for-one as long as they lost no real a grandfather.

>> there is plenty. on bass -- that question. >> but also to the future and the horizon for venturing across this.

[laughter] [laughter] >> on that note they care very much. [applause] thanks to all of you for being here. those things you for joining us. see you soon. i hope. [inaudible conversations]

peter, 27 years old. you had finished medical school with just getting started in your ph.d. effort at the institute a tropical medicine in antwerp. a mysterious test tube sample shows up in terrible condition. and you figure out there are some bees in africa and it you turn. i know i am on the 27 but i want to go to africa. and want to be in the middle of this and referred to deter from and state from

those but it is the rate, no, first of all, but as i was said teenager by worked for a travel agent at the time that had no infrastructure and the result the one goal in life than that was get out of here. like a very conservative it was a combination of the sense for a venture but also the curiosity. to add to the despair of another and a whole family because i would always ask why. says the 69 but i didn't

have much respect for the with their icarian in the six put it up to 27. but most have the analogy but this is killing me. [laughter] >> coming away that he describes the episode those are the key experiences or their realizations or that of hog moment from that 76 episode because the estranged test to ban the 27 year-old is the ebola epidemic as it turns out. so then you fall in love with africa.

second you discover nationalism with all the difficulties working together with scientist and other folks from around the road to discover a better relationship between global in equity and the disease. . .