. here they here they are in this poor, wrecked ruined, catastrophic situation trying to affect the world through these plotted platitudes on the basis of the relationship between stalin and electric. so that reflects what? does that reflect a sophisticated understanding of the capabilities? and so we see him reading phil and marking up texts. then we see him behaving. that that is him in both cases. thank you. [applause] [applause]

>> focused on nonfiction authors and books. keep watching for more. judith road and author of the resilience dividend being strong in a world where things go wrong discusses her book at the 31st annual miami book fair. next on book tv. >> good afternoon, miami.

i am the dean of the honors college year at miami-dade college, and it is an absolute pleasure to be here with you for the 2014 miami book fair international food american airlines and many other generous sponsors. some of whom i see here today. thank you for your generous support. at the end of this session e will m additionally the authors will these signing books in the autograph area to the right where you are standing at this time but like you to silence your cell phones please and enjoy the program it is now my program to welcome ms. miss julie grimes will introduce our authors. uce our authors. >> thank you and welcome. what a day.. what a day. we have all made it out here in the windy whether. it is an absolute delight to

introduce to you today to remarkable women and authors who will have a discussion on the new novel by judith rodin "the resilience dividend: being strong in a world where things go wrong." a generous supporter of the book fair for which we are incredibly grateful. previously the president of the university of pennsylvania live, provost of the ale. actively participated in influential global forums including the world economic forum the council on foreign relations the lincoln global initiative and the united nations general assembly. in 2012 the new york governor andrew cuomo named her to cochair of new york state 2100 commission on long-term resilience

following super storm sandy. a pioneer and innovator the first woman named to lead an ivy league institution in the first: and the first woman to serve as the rockefeller foundation president. graduate of the university of pennsylvania and earned a phd in psychology from columbia university. the author the author of more than 200 academic articles and has written or cowritten 12 books. "the resilience dividend: being strong in a world where things go wrong" is her latest book. from cyber attacks to food shortage crisis to strain volatility and energy prices, we can no longer assume we are immune to the world's world's wicked problems. we face extreme weather events, representative up you wish shift and global

interconnectedness that make us vulnerable to the worlds problems in new and increasingly challenging ways. a way of thinking and practical tools for taking action to protect the world's people and communities and shows us how to create a blueprint for change. a journalist, television newscaster and author moderator and managing editor of washington week in comanaging anchor. she is a political analyst and has moderated the 2,004 and 2008 vice presidential debates, the author of the book the breakthrough, politics and race in the age of obama. please welcome to the stage judith and going. app mac.

>> hello, everybody. you are just here to get out of the rain. >> well, our introducer talked about crisis as the new normal and it surely is. somewhere in the world at least once a a week there is a storm or a new epidemic civil unrest, cyber attacks and in this age of so much in addict ability and so much turmoil resilience is about

developing three capacities, the capacity to be ready to prepare for any kind of disruption the capacity to respond in ways that allow you to bounce back more quickly and effectively if there is a disruption, and the capacity to revitalize so that if there is a blow you are developing the opportunity to revitalize, adapter my and change. we need to shift our paradigm so we are very much focused on relief and not enough on repaired miss and readiness. let me tell you just one short story, and i think it will make the. boston for at least six or seven years had in rehearsing whether it was a

terrorist attack or a violent storm or flooding. they did not know what it would be and none of us do. for any kind of disruption. for some reason that kind of disruption completely unprepared, fairbrother together all of the elements of government, government, communication companies and water companies in transit companies and all of the medical responders precisely because they did not know what it was. they they had a plan so that they knew. they had already decided that no matter what happened if there was a crisis governor patrick would be the communicator. they had already decided the fbi would be the

coordinator. in nine teen minutes anybody who had been had been hurt got to a hospital and no one died. they used every event occurring in boston as a chance to rehearse. sporting teams who were in and had big parades so that they were unbelievably ready. all walmart has the goal of increasing their on-site renewable energy by 600 percent by 2020 because they are preparing for any kind of disruption. >> i think about it as bouncing back. does this mean that it always has to be a disaster involved? >> know because. >> know because obviously this is about planning in case something goes wrong.

the idea is that not every disruption has to become a disaster. the dividend that i talk about is the investment in repaired miss that pays off whether or not something goes wrong which is the ambition whether an individual thinking about your own resilience or lead a company or are a member of a community. there are dividends for these kind of investments. for example you are worried about the economy. also us of amazing resilience. one characteristic of greater resiliency is greater awareness the capacity to take in information. information. so there are all kinds of really good investments. i will give you another example. hoboken as city we worked

with in the sandy commission had for years real problems with regard to flooding which was their big problem in sandy but also very little parking in downtown hoboken. what what we are doing now is building underground parking surface level will be green space with great recreation bike path running trails. the trails. the parking will be garages engineered with a new duck technology that will allow those garages to be water containment overflow tanks in case of flooding. so three wins for one investment. you have one example which compares and ikea which was built new and from scratch survived the flooding and disruption. of planning.

so ikea was very so ikea was very well prepared. they were close to a coastline and often they locate insights like that around the world because they want to be in places that are attractive, but their buildings are all built with the parking at the ground level in the showrooms of at the middle level and the storage at the top level. they always put their generators in the middle. they had very little flooding. the dividend was that the dividend was that they became the community resource center because they recovered so quickly. it is where food and supplies were given out. we looked at their sales a year later and it was clear that the dividend for them is that they had been viewed by the community and they

are a community resource and maintain that going forward. so much of the disasters are disruption that you write about in the book has to do with water. i think the training is a case where we would be hard put to say that city was terribly resilient or prepared. that takes us to the second and third phases of building resilience how you recover and how you adapt and grow. it is clear that new orleans was completely unprepared, and our work actually began because we interviewed and helps new orleans build back by helping them to develop their recovery plan. walter isaacson was just year.

think about think about all of the elements that made them dysfunctional i i great deal of poverty having housing in areas that were totally vulnerable to floodplains, even if the levees had not broken. a very dysfunctional city government and high rates of crime. it will be ten years next years since katrina, and i was in new orleans a a couple of weeks ago. and they use their recovery the most profound and elegant way they took over the public schools. it it is truly extraordinary. completely diversified their economy. diversity is such an important component because it gives you strength. they have been rated by

forbes magazine has a cool startup innovation place. finally they directly focused on how to build community cohesiveness, more trusting communities. >> the government part when you talk about diversity you have a different definition that would lead to mind for many people. so actually one of the elements of resiliency is diversity, and typically we think about that as redundancy, another example from the book. many people will remember the debacle of lulu lemon yoga pants when they were so unbelievably sheer. they lost $2 billion of market cap.

they lost consumer confidence. they were relying on a single manufacturer company of the single the single source of that fabric from a single kind of fiber. so redundancy in that sense is critical, but it also is diversity. as we have looked at the communities that flourish in the face of adversity and those that do not often those that are more diverse have different kinds of resources to call upon. so diversity is a key feature. >> is disruption ever ultimately a good thing? >> no. unprepared for disruption is not good because then it

often does become a disaster a crisis is a terrible thing to waste. when there is a disruption it is important to be able to utilize it effectively. we have a strong tendency because of our legislative regulations but also to try to get things back to normal it cannot be the same. build resilience. there is something that made you vulnerable. we need to use those moment to rebuild more safely and effectively whether it is a personal disruption for

cities or businesses. >> what if it is a different kind of disruption like watching a bola in a bola in west africa or bird flu fears. how do you prepare for something you have never seen? >> developing the capacity to understand the situation and respond to it. making sure that you have fallback is important even if there is not a crisis. we want to develop a set of redundant capacities. the third element is integration.

do we really have transparency and integration the fourth is a critical one we need to be able to separate out something that goes down when it does. in new york a single generator failure took down the electricity of all of lower manhattan. we are rebuilding with smart switch technology so that you can island toward the network that which is failing so that it does not take everything down which is an important capacity. the final one is adaptability. how adaptable do how adaptable do you think your city or businesses? these five characteristics put you in very good stead in good times and therefore

allow. we can never know what the next thing will be. >> but it does not sound applicable in a community that does not have the basic infrastructure to exist to begin to have a hospital, a hospital have a trained dr. >> you know know we work so much in africa and do a variety of resilience building. i would argue that i would argue that equally poor countries in west africa do better. at the democratic republic of the congo did better. senegal did better. and it was because they have the ability to call on whatever capacity they had more effectively. they effectively. they had more integrated

systems far greater adaptability. and we saw even if they had health clinics one clinics one did not know what a group a mile away was doing and that was true and how they were testing the communications patterns. they were not resilient not because they were poor but because they had not held these characteristics into their capacity. >> another example, japan as far away as you can get from west africa, the fukushima disaster ultimately let me start this sentence again. the fukushima disaster was made in japan because of layers of layers of problems >> i talked about and analyze fukushima deeply in the book because they had for the first time that they

have ever been willing to publicly analyze what went wrong. part of it they absolutely attribute to their culture not being able to be adaptable and flexible the prime minister went to the plant and started calling out rules and regulations and orders. fortunately a lot of the workers did not follow him, him, which is so counter to japanese culture. i contrast that's ability to ship that governor patrick showed because they rehearsed that all he was supposed to be was be the communicator in chief. he kept digital wild fires

from spreading wildfires from spreading rumors because he exercised his effectively but there is a positive example and i think that it does show the benefit of entities that did have all five characteristics. if you take toyota lost almost 700 plants because of the earthquake or flooding or fires. 370,000 cars. they slipped from number one to number four. toyota had this amazing to five amazing culture which in the good times really enables all of their employees to be entrepreneurial make suggestions about new ways to make the product better to communicate with one

another a lot of redundancy in their systems. they systems. they did not fall prey to the business guru logic of only real-time production or trying to tear down. and so they had all five characteristics. they rebounded very quickly and revitalized. lots lots of new models of cars came out of that crisis new kinds of paints and dies that they invented. two years later two years later riled japan is reeling economically 20 at a is the number one car producer. >> isn't that the natural human instinct to not want to acknowledge risk let alone plan for it q mac? i got interested in this idea early in my career, and i would argue that we need to a knowledge potential

risk or failure in order to cope better and is something that. it is easy to learn how to succeed. it is hard to learn how to fail. part of resilience building is learning how to fail safely and not catastrophically whether you are a person or a city or a business. that is what this that is what this is all about. so we are building core elements of strength and we are building resilience in people, institutions and our cities. >> let's talk about institutions because you mentioned the challenges of governmental political will. does this solution always have to start with government or does it do better in the private sector q mac? >> it is all of the above and i would add

community-based organizations. the wonderful thing is that you need leaders on the top and the bottom. i tell a story i love so much. a group of surfers a group of surfers who met on one of the beaches and had a surf clubhouse. the community members were sort of nervous. they looked like surfers kind of scruffy. and when the storm said they were among the first responders. and often your first responders are not the police or the firemen because they do not get there quickly enough. it is your neighbors, the people down the street. so now they are integrated into the fabric of the community in such a phenomenal way. and so leaders emerge, and

that is a powerful thing. not only the appointed or elected leaders that are important and the benefit of that for the ongoing sense of community that we have been seeing around the world is phenomenal. >> here is the thing as you well know, know, the government does not always work. >> really? >> i just heard this. sometimes. sometimes politics does not work, and sometimes the basic drop on his knowledge knowledge. it is a climate change argument between continue to have around the world. i wonder how i wonder how you circumnavigate that to apply these principles. >> i did a congressional briefing on the hill hill on thursday around this and as i said to members both republicans and democrats these crises hit republican and democratic communities

alike in the united states. there is no republican hurricane and democratic flood. this could be an issue that they really could agree to. about having multiple wins for the investment. we have spent in the united states in the last two years hundred and $50 billion on disaster recovery alone. that is $400 per household. fema estimates that for every dollar invested in resilience building we saved $4 disaster recovery. it seems to me it is a very sensible argument to make often their legislation starts with a bill that they mandate so vermont had incredible floating

horrible rainfall in 2011 for two days and they rebuilt to respond to the fact that this kind of flooding moiety -- may be abnormal so they have built them back way better than they had been before. fema can't reimburse them because the mandate was they could only reimburse building up at the same way it was. now that's nutty. so we have got to figure out how not only the mindset has to be changed by their legislative actions have to change. as i said to them, it's not a new spend so they are about to authorize a new transportation bill, new highway bill. there are more or less resilient ways to build highways. we now have building materials that absorb water more quickly and release it more slowly. we have pilings that are made from 3-d printing with wave action rather than breaking.

bend rather than break is an exacting characteristic of resilience. so for the same spend why don't we just do it in a resilient way? >> we have questions from the audience but before we turn to them and if you have questions please feel free, i want to after having talking to lawmakers and talking to corporate types and talking to community leaders do you come away optimistic that they hear this message were pessimistic that it's going to take a wild? >> i'm incredibly optimistic because so much of our work is with government officials ozar to the ground, mayors and governors and they really get it. whether they are republicans or democrats or independents not they have to prepare their citizens and i have to deliver services every day. we see mayors and governors across united the united states and indeed across the world who really understand this.

we have a mayor and one quick story before we go because this isn't only about having -- having the capacity to do better but it's also about doing better in the slow burning stresses that are affecting all of our communities whether it's in a quality or poor air quality, bad transportation options and the like and they build more slowly but they stress or our capacities as well. an example that i given the book is in columbia which for years and years was known as the drug capital of the world. emma had one of the highest crime rates in the world. and they were fighting with the military and all the traditional things that are used. they recognize though that may be the problem was actually their topography. it is a city built in all of the

middle class and economic value is there in all of the poor people are interested in the kouvelis dotting the hills and they were the ones being controlled by the drug lords and the like and they were completely disconnected physically from the heart of the community. so it build a transit system with a metro on the floor of the valley with gondolas like we see in ski resorts as part of their transit system going into communities. in the communities that they couldn't reach by the gondolas they build escalators and at every gondolas stop and every escalator stop that put a health clinic, a primary school or a childcare center and so now 10 years later crime is down 90%. mattachine is a tourist

attraction. talk about a resilience dividend dividend. great social cohesion. it's an amazing story. >> we have time for questions so why don't you go to the microphone so we can hear you speak and we would love to take them as many as we can squeeze in and if you don't mind telling us where you are from and who you are that would be great. >> i am richard asher trade my question is you have a ticking timebomb across this country with infrastructure roads and bridges. look what happened in kansas city with that bridge collapse. he touched on it a little bit about the roads having more moisture but how can you deal with that in the area that you're talking about? >> we have worked very hard and i give examples in the book but basically it is the case that

infrastructure deals dividends before anything bad happens so not only does it improve infrastructure obviously bug where there is good infrastructure there is often better transit options and then housing develops and commercial sites developed. so it is a win for that investment. we are showing that if the federal government won't act here there are ways for the states to aggregate and create state-run infrastructure investment banks. we created one in new york after sandy and it allows you to bring in private capital. there's a lot of private investment for infrastructure sitting on the sidelines waiting for government to ask so we have been very active in helping some of that money help municipalities. we built an amazing plan that doesn't only protect the

flooding but built bicycle paths and new transit routes all as part of the flooding control system and their infrastructure and it's all been funded by private developers. >> thank you very much. >> thank you sir. >> my name is david alexander and you have spoken about resilience sorted in a mass level government. for me resilience also involves personal resilience and many of the steps that you mentioned are also steps on a personal level. there is another presentation that will be made tomorrow by a woman by the name of rebecca alexander who when peter alexander of nbc his sister who is very accomplished. she has a retinal degenerative disease and she is losing her

vision and her hearing. the book is not for me to way and she talks about what's necessary for personal resilience which is not to look back. the question is can you comment about personal resilience? >> yes as i said i'm a psychologist so my journey in thinking about resilience started their and of course people who had faced the kind of adversity that you talk about our import narrator's. my effort is really to create and all of us more resilient people so that you don't have to feel only after we face adversity. there are numerous personal examples in this book that really do reflect a row at individuals responding effectively that thank you. >> thank you. >> thank you. my name is alex and i'm an

innovator in residence is florida university. my questions whenever there's a disaster social media plays an increasing role. they're all kinds of social media activities. what are your thoughts on building brazilians their social media? >> i think social media and i talked about several examples in the book that can play a positive role or negative role. and many examples we saw there was a need to be able to communicate effectively and quickly so social media didn't spread rumors in ways that really prevent people responding as effectively. so that's the downside of social media. the positive side is that we see it all over the world. often social media is the canary in the coal mine. you could see a problem emerging and in the help example that was asked about they didn't have

very effective social media there were some of the other countries did. so they didn't have the kind of early warning signs. we built a disease surveillance network after the sars outbreak and part of that is relying very deeply on social media as early detection units and early warning units. so good things about things. >> thank you. >> thank you. >> i am ceo of united states artists and organizations that you helped found and now having worked with artists for so many years i believe that they exhibit summary of the characteristics that you speak of in terms of their ability to bounce back from failure and resiliency in redundancy and i'm curious to know in the many studies you've done for this book and the examples you cite for their examples where creative people and artists were called upon there came forth in ways that helped bring greater resilience and early response to

some of these examples? >> yes, one of the great recovery and revitalization examples is the city of glasgow in scotland. they were kind of down and out and a manufacturing town like to try. they have revitalized and rebuild almost entirely on developing the arts and bringing more creative people in and seeing revitalization that occurs when artists aren't using their energy and creativity into a community. i think some of you know that when i was president of the university of pennsylvania we worked very closely and reenergized the very disadvantaged community on our doorstep. one of the first things that we did as we were working on economic revitalization and

fixing the schools was we gave free space to artists because we know portis came into the community their energy and their creativity would help this revitalization process. finally i was just in mattachine in february and one of the things that's so interesting now is that when you go to the tops of the hills and take a gondola down her one of the escalators down you see that the people have now decorated all of the elements of the hill. they have all become part of it on their own because they are expressing creativity and imagination and inclusion in a way that they didn't do before. so it's a beautiful to watch that kind of response. >> there are three more people behind you and if each of you can ask a really tight question in a tight answer. we can get them all in.

>> i'm roger from miami. speak to the refugee flow around the world specifically syria and the burden on jordan, on turkey on lebanon. where's the resilience and how do you prepare for that? >> rockefeller has an initiative we launched at our centennial called 100 brazilian cities and i have to tell you that reading the applications we have had 800 applications from cities around the world. reading the applications for many of those cities who are receiving so many of those refugees and are completely burdened in terms of their own population their physical resources, their energy resources. there are some cities that are more resilient. they were prepared for refugees but they have more adaptive capacities than other cities that i think are