family camp. he needs in crystal city that i interviewed including those that had previously been in heart mountain and other places that's what they call it. this was the only true family camp. >> so the language is kind of -- i understand that it wasn't closed until 1948 is that correct what was the reason for the approximately three year delay in closing the gap? >> you can sort of think about guantánamo bay. once you've got them, what did you do with them and after the same problem obama has right now the people that were left there that didn't have any place to go and hadn't yet repatriated into there were lawsuits going on to

try to keep some who then had lawyers and were trying to stay in the united states so they were not buying the voluntary thing anymore so they just took them that long to get rid of everybody. >> what kind of interaction if there was any went on between the different nationalities in the camp? >> the answer is they all went to the same swimming pool but pretty much they lived separately in the camp and that they were distrustful of each other. the japanese were distrustful of the german tv is co- japanese and vice versa. so that's one of the reasons they didn't allow them to put a couple people together it's because of this kind of

conflicts and they certainly happened. >> how many people were there in the camp? >> that's a good question. over the course of the 1942 to 1948 the best estimate is about 6,000 but that was the low estimate because they stopped counting at a certain point and so it's about 6000. thank you for the question. >> why were y. where the families exchanged and not just the troops captured in the war? >> why were they exchanged? yes and not those that were captured. were they the ones that were mainly exchanged?

>> some of the people that came back were american prisoners of war and there were some other camps that held only german and japanese that were exchanged too and they were parts of these exchanges. the people in crystal city just needed more people to exchange because roosevelt had a very vigorous policy. so the families had to be added. we didn't have enough german and japanese to take the exchange. also the president was concerned. he would have rather exchanged civilians who didn't have a whole lot of knowledge than -- but they had a whole vision called the special war problems division. this was a very special war problem and so there really was

a game of chess and the japanese and the germans had theirs and we have ours. yes. >> i grew up in brady texas and there was a world war ii person camp in brady and several of the people who were in turn ultimately ended up living in brady marrying women and integrating into the community. did any of that happen here? stomach absolutely. >> did any of them stay in crystal city? >> i don't remember. [inaudible] >> they have reunions all the time. there were about 13,000 people living there during this time

the highest number ever because it was a tiny little place. >> i want to thank you all for your incredible interest and i just think you. my aunt came from houston my mother and sister and all of you it's just great to see you and thank you so much. [applause] [inaudible]

a familiar face to see to c-span and book tv viewers. the former solicitor general and co-author of this book reading the dream the case for marriage a quality along with david boyda. were you surprised by a lot of people with your position on marriage? >> certainly i did. i didn't surprise me were people who knew me because i've always felt i grew up in california and i feel it's wrong and i've always felt it's wrong to discriminate against people who are gay or. i thought this was something i could do and wanted to do so i was a little surprised that people were surprised because i'm a conservative and a lot of people were and i felt that it

was my mission to try to convince as many of them as i could but this is the right place to be. >> host: what is the conservative case? >> the conservative case for gay marriage is easy they are to loving people that want to come together in a relationship and form a part of a community to have a family and be a part of our society and live together. what could be more conservative than that? we should want people who love one another to want to get married. marriage is a conservative value and when gay people want to get married should be the same thing. they have the same aspirations and hopes that the rest of us do. we should support that. >> host: for those that may not know what is the long relationship with you and your co-author? how did you first meet? >> david and i of course knew

another before the bush v. gore case. most people know us as opposite sides. he represented vice president al gore and i represented governor of bush in the case that decided to election. after, we felt we had a great respect for one another. our wives are both lawyers and we started to get together and enjoy evenings together over dinner and the more we spent with one another the more we realized we should work together on something. when this case came along i called up david and i felt it was important to represent to the american people that it wasn't not a conservative or liberal issue. it was an american issue and that if two lawyers that are well known on opposite sides of the political spectrum could come together, people could see it not as a heterosexual or

liberal issue but an issue about american values and american rights and freedom and we tried to convey that point of view. can the layman understand that? >> we hope. we thought that it was important to express the case that we took from the very beginning all the way to the supreme court in terms of lawyers would lawyers would've learned a lesson, but also as people would value as a journey of individuals and freedom and people and we tried very hard to make sure we could communicate with people who were not lawyers. the worst thing in the world is for a lawyer to talk like a lawyer. people don't like that or understand. it's important for lawyers to understand you have to speaking bush come in a language people understand and if we try to convey our emotions our feelings and our strategy in

terms that all americans can understand especially young people who might aspire to be lawyers. people studying political science we try to reach out to that audience. >> host: what is your sense of gay marriage being seen as accepted and spread across the country. >> guest: i'm glad you asked that question. we asked through three states in which individuals could marry the person they love if it happened to the a person of the same sex. today, five years later, 33 states where take nice marriage equality. can you imagine? and the american public was against marriage equality by a factor of 17 points or something like that. now it is maybe ten or 12% on the other side. young americans people under 30, 75 to 80% belief in marriage equality and respect the rights

of gay and lesbians to get married. that is the case of the years at the of the remarkable transformation of american public opinion. all in favor of people who love one another it's just very encouraging. >> host: what about the republican party? >> guest: when we filed our breach in the supreme court it was filed by some 30 prominent members who supported our case including the former chairman of the republican national committee, rob portman and import and senator who was a republican and more and more republicans are understanding that marriage between people who love one another is a value that republicans have to support or they are not ever going to win elections. so this is important not just to and people but people across the political spectrum who believe

in american rights and republicans will not be accepted as a majority party if they wish to achieve a majority status in this country unless they recognize the rights of human beings to have that kind of freedom and liberty. >> are there any gay marriage issues coming back before the supreme court and if so are you involved in that? >> i'm not involved in it that we had but we had several cases including the virginia case that the supreme court decided not to take this year but there is another case involving kentucky tennessee and a couple other states the supreme court is considering right now. i believe the supreme court will take the case. i'm hoping that they will hear that case before the end of next june when they decide their case for this term. i'm not involved in it now that i'm rooting for those lawyers who were handling the case and if they want any help from me they will have it.

>> host: beginning to case for marriage quality this is book tv on c-span2. >> here's a look at some upcoming book fairs and festivals happening around the country. booktv will have live coverage of the savanna that festival that takes place from the 12th through the 15th of february in savanna georgia. then march 14 and 15th booktv will be at the university of arizona ..

>> host: walter isaacson, what is the link between ben franklin, steve jobs, henry kissinger and ada. >> guest: they're all creative minds and that interested me throughout my career. a lot of people write about sports heroes or literary figures, but to me it's people who can combine different discipline like the arts and sciences, the way ben franklin did, the way ada lovelace did and albert einstein. we talk about