conventual situation as we move forward. i know that you have cochaired this working group which i established their language and the fact that i can just be in the same room with them. [laughter] >> we both share the working group and the brain initiative. there are a number of other things in terms of this industry and so this is just a lot of things that we have terminated. if you can help us understand the budget request and how those dollars would be meaningful

that would be helpful. >> this might be you name it. and i suspect you will get an honorary phd here pretty soon in neuroscience. but when it was first set up we asked the group of experts to sit down with us and to give us the best idea of how to develop this and they created this it would grow to roughly $500 million per year and we will hopefully be a part of this. so we will be about $80 million

with the presidents request next year of another $70 million that will take us up seeing how spectacular scientific opportunities are, people say in the great roadmap is there any gas in the car. people really concerned and we are hoping that we can do other projects and we would like to have another 50 or so come out but after that whether we could build this and the way in which we had originally envisioned. >> thank you mr. chairman. there are americans counting on your work in this regard. the gentleman's gracious complement. next we will go to my good

friend. >> thank you, mr. chairman, to all of the directors, i just want to say thank you. you have all faced so many millions of americans and your research and your commitment to medicine and science is incredible and i thank you very much. as you all know i have been a very vocal and outspoken advocate with the fight against cancer. i lost both my parents to cancer one of the particular sad things about cancer is children with cancer and my children today, i hope you can help me. a little boy came to see me. he had a brain tumor, he and his dad came to see me and sat with me and i was not even his congressman. i believe he lives in maryland

or virginia, i believe that he spoke with me about this. and so pediatric low-grade astrocytoma is a slow-growing children's brain cancer that impacts over 20,000 children every year it is a highly toxic and so far relatively ineffective. this can cause serious permanent damage and is often life-threatening. what research is being talked about in regards to this and are there any clinical trials currently being conducted for this.

i would really like to respond to this. >> i'm sure that i will see what i can do i agree that it's one of those pediatric cancers that we need better answers for and it is slow-growing and it does not respond particularly well with the kind of approach is that have made so many advances possible in pediatric cancers of other types. clearly there was a connection in terms of the cancer focus and the precision medicine and nasa to and as part of it but cancer institute aims to enroll something like a thousand pediatric patients in the earlier stage of trying to figure out best. i would be surprised if some of those are not trying to understand more about the disease. one of the difficult problems is

this because it's not an easy thing to imagine just doing this in such a vulnerable place. once can talk about this and we are learning that because they do turnover release their dna and one can discover it by looking in this that can tell you what is going on without having to do a biopsy and the so-called liquid biopsy. in terms of clinical trials i do not know right off the top of my head what if there but i'm sure they can certainly get for you an indication of what is part of this and we share your concern about needing better answers for that.

>> we have some additional time. our country prides itself in being at the forefront of research and biomedical research is no exception. we have expressed concern about the amount of money going towards international research. could you showed us why you have these concerns and let us know in an effort to maintain american competitiveness to make this funding what has the greatest impact on our population. what are you doing to take advantage of the research being done in other countries? >> the end all the data was made accessible. but it is interesting that they

enjoy the benefits in terms of commercial spinoffs and those are wonderful ways to create jobs. america's leadership has led to the facts that we are not only great in academic biomedical research but we have the most vibrant community and pharmaceutical companies and we would not want to leave that benefit. yet when you look at the tradition situations we have deep concerns and it's a very substantial downturn and i think others are going the other way china in particular including her support by 20% per year over multiple years. the consequences i would refer you to which was just published about a month ago, it has a lot of data. pointing out a number of things

are quite alarming if you really care about the u.s. maintaining that leadership not just as a promotion but more patents and the consequences i think you can imagine are going to be significant. final conclusion of this article, and i think that this is a distinguished group is the united states will really push this lead to in the next decade plus certain measures are undertaken. we can turn this around. but the nih desperately needs and what would be an inspirational moment, especially the early-stage investigators and we were talking about is a sense of stable trickery that we can plan, take risks, to do innovative research without the uncertainty of what will happen one year or the next. maybe a doubling would be a nice thing, but what would be even

better would be an opportunity to see a path forward and that we could count on and that people could basically flex their innovative muscles and take advantage of this amazing talent from this country. >> thank you, doctor collins and everyone. i yield back. >> to recognize my good friend, the gentle lady from california. >> thank you, mr. chairman. let me just associate myself with the comments that were made by my colleagues about this tremendous work that you all do and so many people, not just in this country but throughout the world. i do have concerns that are unique to address. we are investigating how the environment influences a child's

development of health and over the last 15 years, congress has appropriated over $1.5 billion to plan and pilot this study given the huge investment we expected that the study would be carried through to completion and in almost every fiscal appropriations report from the year 2000 through 2014, there have been specific instructions from both the house and senate directing the continuation of the study. and this includes the institute of medicine and i'm having trouble without work you know what i'm trying to say. and administrative challenges that must be addressed but that this is still offered in either

there was enormous potential also concluding that when the study was completed it were then again add immeasurably to what we know about children's health. i was frankly very surprised by your announcement counseling this. and i'm sure i'm not alone in regards to this end it is a completed study. so my question is by what authority did you use to disband this study whose authorization is still current law for which congress has spent $1.5 billion over the last 15 years and for which this committee in fiscal

year 2015 put in language that said that the director is expected to use this framework, meaning the framework coming out of this report, to ensure the mission and goals are realized to generate the anticipated returns from the year of taxpayer support. so i would just like an explanation. >> this has been one of the more difficult decisions over the last six years. the national children's study was designed in various pieces over quite a long time. and i think that as the time passed, some of the design issues in retrospect were maybe not serving the need of getting the information including environmental impact factors that occur both during pregnancy

and beyond. we all agree that those answers need to be found. the problem that is clear was not fitting with the way in which technology was developing over the course of the last 20 years. the study that you mention was in fact quite critical about those issues and administrative issues and because of that i ask a working group of my advisory committee to work closely and to make a recommendation and they came back and said frankly that they do not believe that it was and that was more responsible at this point to try to make sure the data that had been collected through the vanguard studies that were made available and kept in place for those who could learn from it but that we really ought to think about coming up with a new strategy to get answers to thesons.

the congress basically gave us the opportunity to take $165 million within the budget and think of new ways that we could obtain answers in regards to pediatric health and we have been engaged in that effort over the course of the last two months and announce what the programs will be what i think you will find to be quite innovative. i believe that this gives us a chance to step back from the legacy of the last 14 or 15 years and say in 2015 that with all of that technology that is advanced what can we do to get better answers from less cost for a 21 your study. taking a look at the next thing so we put forward we are quite excited about it and the institutes have been very engaged in this opportunity to rethink this and ultimately i

think that we will get to where we need to be. but in a different way than once imagined back in 2000. >> irving, who ran as and was one of the lead investigators of the study said that they did not conclude that the enterprise was beyond saving and that was a decision by the nih. we know that this is feasible and even identified as a pathway and so that was a decision that was made not based on the outcome of this report. so very quickly, i know that my time is up but what is the period of time and the amount of unnamed that would be needed for them to address the recommendations that were made

if you could do that. >> if you care to make a quick comment. >> as, if you read chapter five and chapter six of the report, not always well reflected in the summary, it's actually very critical, my advisory group led by the former dean at stanford and a pediatrician and a distinguished epidemiologist and computer scientists came to a very strong and unanimous conclusion that the children's study was no longer feasible and i had to accept their conclusions because they were so well-founded. in terms owego, please look at the next proposals that will be coming forward very shortly about how we will address these issues, we do have a lot of things to talk about in terms of going forward. where this kind of research at bell and we need to have that conversation. >> thank you, mr. chairman. >> you are welcome.

now going over to the one member on our team over here, doctor collins we recognize doctor harris. >> thank you, mr. chairman, thank you all for coming to the hearing. i'm just going to start with a rhetorical question first since the last time you probably know that my wife passed away from heart disease three days before her 58th birthday and in general we have really underfunded research into heart disease on women over the years. so i went back and looked at theirs. by disease breakdown, what we spend money on. the amount of money that we spend project is 100 times less on heart disease as it is on hiv and aids. one hundred times less productive and that is a

discrepancy that just needs to be justified. and it is stunning what that discrepancy is and how the fact is that we dedicate as little as we do to the most prevalent disease in the country and how that will affect the population. anyway, a rhetorical question on that one. i'm going to ask you a question about drug use there is honestly an ongoing discussion some people might not think it is dangerous or addictive, but it is, it affects the human brain including emory and motivation and a lot of things are probably not good for people and especially our youth. you know what the economic impact is including its effect on workforce preparedness and education by matthew you have these answers and we have the resources to study these things? >> before we go into this

situation. >> there have been many stories like this know. [inaudible] increasing the likelihood that you will finish school and get a degree. this is more or less clear that they have not seen this extensively and we know that the use of and that has not been distinguished whether it is marijuana or cocaine or methamphetamine, so we really do not have a precise number there. >> you imagine since marijuana

affects motivation, something that might be important when you go to work i imagine it has quite an influence on the workforce. >> yes, what it's shown is that you are there but not really working and this may have accounted for the poor outcomes and education. >> we should probably answer these questions before we go on and expect scientific answers. >> i completely agree. >> let me follow up again about some things that are being fed about what is going on because i think they sense something around this article in january of this year suggesting that china will ask to overcome this in 2022, which yes, i guess if you look statistically, what is

interesting is the growth in china is actually in the private investment, the industry investment and there's a little bit of growth in the public investment. but the real growth is in the private industry and one worrisome trend in the united states is that the industry has gone down. that is not where you have the ability to directly impact, but i think that that is an important key that we are not talking about and there are certain policies that do impact us where patent protection of american manufactured biologics would be hindered and that doesn't help the biomedical industry here and it will actually hurt the industry because of the biologics. so what is the strategy because we can go on and on, one

interesting thing is the administration in spending 35 billion additional dollars that we don't have and 1 billion to the nih. and that includes the larger picture of the entire effort in the united states. so what can you do to implement a strategy where we can promote industry investment so we are leveraging this instead as it appears that china is doing the math to to be fair trying to be brief it's not just jammed up against the time of leaving them hanging. that's a tough position to put the guests in. >> very quickly i agree that we have a responsibility and an opportunity to bring together the private and public sector like never before.

one example is a partnership that i have been a part of which is now shared expenses being covered by the situation. putting scientists are on the same table, holding themselves accountable and making all the data accessible. we are when you're into this and we are ahead of schedule and i'm looking for all of those opportunities that i can find where those firewalls got in the way were not really making any sense and we would have to be cleared about conflicts of interest and we are. we now see these great opportunities in front of us. >> thank you.

right now going to my friend from virginia who has waited a long time. >> thank you, chairman. i appreciate your colleagues being here today and i'm learning a commend this amount and i want to first talk about this, but i did take note of your comment about how helpful it would be to have continuity of funding in the transition from this and i was struck by my service where the civilian officials would say the same thing with just how beneficial it would be to be on regular order. another the chairman and really all of us on the committee have been strong advocates and some going to continue to fight for that and then all my colleagues will as well. but i just wanted you to know

that. i have an incredible district and by the nature of the commands that are there of disproportionate loss. so i want to talk a moment about this. i know there is funding on the budget and i believe it is to go to 81 billion. better get that right. okay. but my point is that helped me to understand from the president and the first lady, this is a shared american value. i did not question anyone's commitment to this. that being said, i didn't see it mentioned and your budget justification i know that the department of defense is working on this as well.

that hope is to understand and isn't getting the attention that i think that it merits? >> i appreciate the question and let me ask the gentleman who directs the mental institute where this is particularly a strong priority. >> the institute was actually founded in 1940s six to deal with the problems of venice. it's part of the dna to try to figure out what caused this and how best to treat it and we have been working really closely. we are talking about the relationships of industry. and so 100000 soldiers partnering with us to try to understand will invest but it

high-risk behavior and suicide which is the worst outcome here and i must say that having worked closely with the ideas we have, that has been a great inspiration and that has now completed its first phase moving into the second phase and we are getting some inside about this to make sure that people who develop this. >> how much is allocated with the particular challenges, can you help me to understand especially when things need to be reallocated? like most american families we have had lost due to alzheimer's and things like this. but how does all that structure were? because i would like to see a higher allocation as just

mentioned and how is that process unfolding? ..

we are underfunding virtually everything that we can do versus what we could do. >> thank you for your comments, and i yield back. >> just for informational purposes, we do have time constraints. i we will go to mr. dent so he has an opportunity to ask his question. you are recognized. >> thank you, mr. chairman. thank you for receiving us a few weeks ago. an interesting program that i got a lot out of. i just want to mention, the

analysis of the national cancer institute data from 1975 until 2,005 found that liver teefive liver cancer incident rates increased by more than 300 percent 1.6 1.64.9 cases. in fact liver cancer has seen the 2nd largest annual percent increase in incidence of any cancer in the us other than direct cancer. historically the survival rates have been dismal. the five-year survival rates of persons diagnosed between 2003 and 2009 is only about 16 percent. these are second-worst among all cancers only slightly worse than those for pancreatic cancer. yet the nci yet the nci has no dedicated specialized program for research excellence on the liver or liver cancer project. can you tell me why and wouldn't this accelerate the pace of liver cancer discovery?

>> i appreciate the question. certainly liver cancer is a condition that many components of nci are involved in working on whether there is a specific division focused to it. of course, liver cancer is particularly likely to appear in those who have been infected with hepatitis c which is one of the great wonderful success stories in terms of coming up with a therapeutic that can actually do your people of that disease and should reap the reward downstream. i we will have to take for the record the opportunity to respond about the organizational part, and i can no doubt fill you in aware that work is going on and how it is being coordinated if that would be helpful. >> that would be very helpful. thank you. i recently met with the cdc director.

one of the issues i discussed with the recent outbreaks of antibiotic resistant bacteria across the country including my home state of pennsylvania, is that this threat posed by antibiotic resistant bacteria is so serious that last september pres. obama president obama issued an executive order declaring that combating superbugs is a national security priority. highly contagious and treatable infection that spreads easily in the hospital setting. can you tell me if nih is collaborating with the cdc to try and find a treatment or cure to these antibiotic resistant bacteria? >> yes. >> thank you very much. we are intensively involving collaboration with the cdc. with the president's strategic plan and the executive order and the card program as a multi agency government.

our fundamental mission in that multi agency approach is fundamental to our particularly now with the high throughput sequencing capability that we have to examine a wide array of quite as a species of micro- that put us into a a situation where we can do things that were really not imaginable years ago. we started a few years ago and that amplified the president's request in the 2016 budget what we call an antibiotic resistant leadership group which is part of our broad network of clinical trial to be able to do some studies that you cannot do in a given individual institute because

of the fact that the incidence of outbreak of one or two cases is very difficult to get good clinical data. we are now collaborating with the cdc. they are doing surveillance and we are doing research. in addition we are doing work in developing vaccines for some of the very difficult microorganisms that are highly susceptible when you think in terms of people who have transplants or are immunosuppressed. so the nih is heavily involved. >> you have. >> you have a request for an additional $100 million. >> anti- colville resistant research. >> i we will submit the balance of my questions for the record.

>> thank you very much and let me follow up on my colleagues questions. >> a knew technique that has been discovered to deal with this and a a misunderstanding of how long it will take to be able to use that. can you give us an idea of how long a time when for the potential get to the availability command i don't know if i'm pronouncing it right. i met a dr. that describes the devastating effect of the antibiotic resistant tuberculosis. again, finally i understand i understand your dealing with looking at a database for this effort.

there are many of them to put it simply. but if the but if the database is going to hold all genome sequence data for the ten deadliest antibiotic resistant pathogens what kind of an effort would that take? >> three questions. the nih is pleased. we now have a knew class of antibiotics develop from the soil. the issue is the issue is we got to be careful. it we will be tomorrow or next month is made to continue ready to continue

to do preclinical studies in the animal model. i would like i would like to say it will be around the corner but it we will likely be over a year. it is a brand-new concept that essentially skirts the resistant mechanisms that other types of microbes use against the common antibiotic, so it we will likely be good against microbes or for which there are multiple resistance. the good news here. we partnered with drug companies several particularly johnson & johnson to develop knew drugs that are good against some of the multiple and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. we do have at least one and now two in the pipeline.

if you asked me last year i would say we really don't have anything new. database, and we have phenomenal sequence capabilities. that is one of the things we put as a high priority to use our technologies to get databases of essentially all of the various versions and iterations of antimicrobial resistant microbes and be able to share them, them and it is always open access >> started and liberia. >> vaccine trials started february 22 and liberia in monrovia. my deputy is they're now overseeing the trials. we started off with a phase ii for 600 individuals by the end of the following week we will go to the full

total of 29,000 people. a vaccine that you mentioned was developed by nancy sullivan in the vaccine research center. together with together with the vsv vaccine which we collaborated with the department of defense getting back to the question about our collaboration. those two are ongoing. it is up and rolling. see see map was very, very favorable and animals. we don't know if it works in humans. we started a comprehensive protocol that was announced three days ago by the ministry of health and liberia at the same time that the pres. of liberia was meeting with our president right here in the united states. it started a it started a few days ago, and what it will do is compare standard of care intravenous replenishment of fluid against standard of care plus see map. see map is a cocktail of three separate

antibodies directed against the ebola virus. it works very good and animals but we need to prove definitively if it we will work. both of those both of those are nih driven trials and are ongoing. >> thank you. first of all, thank you very much for being here this morning. this is the most brilliant panel. thank you very much. >> we need to have a group hug. [laughter] >> love you. you are fabulous. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations] >> next an interview with white house senior adviser dan pfeiffer. hillary clinton speaks at the 30th anniversary gala and former florida advisor at this year's see packed conference. >> the political landscape has changed. not only are there 43 knew republicans and 50 knew democrats in the house and 12 12 the republicans and

one knew democrat in the senate 108 women in congress and the 1st woman veteran in the senate. keep track of the members of congress using congressional chronicle on c-span.org. the congressional chronicle page has lots of useful information including voting results and statistics about each session of congress. knew congress, best access. [applause]

we will start with april ryan who a lot of you no who will talk about her experiences covering president bush and obama. after that we will have dan pfeiffer, the pfeiffer, the president senior advisor. i would like to thank all of you who are watching c-span for carrying this, the bank this, the bank of america for these conversations. a fantastic partner. so we appreciate this partnership and the a great, eliminating conversations that we have had as part of it. tweet us your questions. we we will try to get your question in. now i would like to welcome

the american urban radio networks longest and most respected members of the white house press corps april ryan. [applause] >> didn't you no there was something called book leave? >> i should have. >> i do to cities a day. >> so the presidency in black and white. three presidents. this pres. obama do enough to reach out to african-americans? >> he has brought a lot of issues to the table.

he brings many african-americans to the table. there's a difference with this president. a a president who happened to be black. >> did you see that coming? >> i was i was surprised at the sharpness of the change. >> what has changed? >> second term fourth-quarter unequivocally talking about race, race, issues of race how he has been affected by race. so now he is making no bones about the issues bloody sunday having the controversial movie screening in the white house issues of my brother's keeper the racial

profiling the trying to support the police as well as root out those who are doing bad policing. >> so you are there in the white house every day and talk about the importance of being they're. you are not abundant. what do you get by being in that room every day? >> you are seeing. >> you are the body? >> on the body. third row, smack dab in the middle. that helps to perpetuate the questions, to throw the questions in front of the principles. it is important to be there to ask the questions, to be seen so that they know you are serious about your coverage and what you do because unfortunately there

is occur in that room. it's a tough from the navigate particularly if you are not the millionaire row. if you're not in those 1st two rows it's pretty hard. a further back you go it's harder to get attention from the principles. >> while we are watching a a briefing on c-span or on our computers what is happening off-camera? >> i could get in a lot of trouble. [laughter] the old principal deputy secretary if a reporter would ask questions that they did not feel comfortable with where did not welcome there would be a certain look. eyes were role, the stairs the heartbeat. and they would give you i contact and even ask you sometimes who is that sitting next to.

there's a lot going on. a lot of times they ignore me. i'm always working. you've got to work and you have got to work the angles. >> the young persons coming into the white house and you have been great about been touring what is the biggest specific advice that you could give to them about how to be as you are? >> the objective the lies that obscure between opinion and fact, be as objective and you can't -- as you can and do not rely upon information from the white house because you get more when you have sources outside the white house who can give you more of the back story without as much spin. you come in with a rolodex.

>> for this book, the presidency in black and white you had a fantastic standing room only event at politics and prose and a very high a very high level current obama administration official they're. >> several people from various administrations. i was very grateful. it was interesting that she came. i reached out there and asked her and her, and she said she would come. >> what is a role? >> senior adviser to pres. obama. >> that is her title. >> she advises the president of the united states. she has a very unique role, as close to this president as far as from chicago. there is trust their. she advises she advises him domestically on things. she helps them as well as others navigate the waters

of how to engage in this country, how to fix problems or how to move forward with issues. >> issue the most powerful person in the white house? >> the pres.'s. >> after him. >> i joke and say that she is. i think that she is. and i must saying that. i think it is a great thing, a wonderful thing. we have had ms. rice during the bush years who was instrumental. in this book she acknowledged that she was one of the closest advisers to the pres. it is true. >> what do they call you? >> i don't know. >> george w. >> george w. bush had all those nicknames. anyway, i hope they call me honest and fair. >> in your book you write

about covering president clinton command you write in their about a soul food dinner that you offered president clinton. >> we had a historic dinner with pres. bill clinton had a time that we were dealing with issues of race. was the 2nd term command the numbers of black reporters at the white house we had not had an otr >> tell us what an otr is. >> and off the record. >> many of the white correspondence who sat in the 1st two rows. >> million israel. >> they had all of these off the record with the president. you you always want to get close to the principal to get a sense of how to report on a certain story. so the white house is trying to figure out how we get a meeting so they can talk to us about what they think.

both sides came and met in the middle. literally literally this was the secret service had to watch a person cook. they were there watching. anything you can imagine. he hated hated on one for. he jokingly said hey, how are you doing? remember that soul food dinner? yes, mr. president. that's why that's why i had my heart attack. >> what would hillary clinton be like to cover?

>> people need to recognize that she is a trailblazer has the presidential pedigree command on the same as a supporter but just from looking at the paper whether you like it or not. she is not president clinton. we we will have to see how she navigates the waters. one one thing we will have to figure out is how you handle president clinton be as he will have to have something to do. i say this because you have a man who was president of the united states was done around the world, had this great initiative, the clinton global initiative. he might be the next ambassador, something. he is capable. >> you have another

interview. before we let you go final question you are an officer in the white house correspondents association. if you could have anyone as the entertainer, who would it be? >> two people. one person i really wanted was chris rock. i thought he would be hot. i put it out they're. i i think you should. another person who came back into the limelight recently s&l 40th anniversary at a murphy. those are two of my dream comedians. i think that they would rocket. >> congratulations on your book, thank you book thank you for coming in. by the book. good luck with your next interview. interview. we welcome the president

senior advisor, dan pfeiffer. [applause] >> he joined the president the day before he announced for president martin luther king day 2,007. >> at his core he is the same guy. a weird experience. a weird experience. sitting around as we are traveling, talking sports flashing back to the same conversations we were having eight years ago when it was just the president my flying around. and then we kind of step back. we're having this conversation on our way to the vatican to meet the pope is the same person.

more battle hardened over time, more time, more experienced, like all of us more gray hair but he feels like the same person. >> the biggest thing you have learned from this president about life leadership, management. >> this president has an amazing ability to really give people respect. you have to put yourself and issues. every interaction you have with any person is potentially a life-changing interaction. no have -- no matter how grumpy are tired you are always in the paper when you meet that person as their one chance to meet you, to be nice and to make that person feel that they matter to me does that incredibly well. it's amazing. if he can do

that can we all? >> and david axelrod's book believer there is a moment in their what the president was not in a good mood and he called david axelrod a word that certainly you cannot say on c-span. does that surprise you? >> look then around a been around a long time. >> of you been called that? >> i have been called some words over the course of time. we have each heard our fair share. >> what is it that would put the president in the mood like that? >> i think it could be in array of things on any given day. >> what this is some off? >> the thing that this is some of the most would be when politics gets in the

way of easy simple solutions. >> i don't think that's what he was yelling about. >> sometimes you just the guy that walks into the office on the wrong time. >> you have definitely been that guy. >> that happens to all of us a very easy, simple solution and then politics gets in the way an. >> all right. today the pres. did an an interview with dan mason. in that he said that iran should commit to a verifiable freeze on nuclear activity. at least ten years. he called it double-digit years. what is the outlook for a a permanent agreement on those lines? >> he said the odds were against. he is always said 50-50 at at best. i don't think that is changed. it's a hard thing to do. it is tough. we we will keep working on it.

50-50 at best is the best way to describe it. >> this president needs a deal to leave a permanent foreign-policy legacy. >> i think the core -- i think i think a deal would be very important for the country. we made we made some real strides whether ending the war in iraq taking out bin laden the recent policy and cuba. a lot a lot of progress in that area. good for the country the matter is president. >> the question is if we don't get a deal what's the alternative. that could be a messy situation. it is important that we put every effort we can into getting a deal. it has to be a verifiable deal.

and it is important, as we have been arguing, that congress not get the way of our attempt to get a deal. they have given. they have given us in space which we appreciate. we have some time left to see what we can do. >> for those of you and watching we are here at the w hotel in downtown dc and right next to it one of the streets is blocked off because prime minister netanyahu is staying in a nearby hotel. [laughter] 's motorcade had to go around k street. this weekend on cnn other interviews secretary kerry is clearly turning down the rhetoric from the administration on this visit which was not your idea. did that get too hot? >> with the president said is that as prime minister netanyahu said we have unprecedented security

cooperation with the israelis. the speech and how it came about is a distraction from the larger issues. we we need to get focused on what we need to be focused on. >> it was a time that you all are stoking that discussion. >> we made the.that it is important we keep the us israeli relationship nonpartisan. that that has been the hallmark. it it is the right way to do it and the way that displayed output that at risk. i hope we can get past. >> playbook cocktails. you can be honest. >> is anyone drinking out there? >> not enough. >> you would love for prime minister netanyahu to lose the selection. >> this election. >> that is not true. [laughter]

>> the entire rest of this has been around the idea that we won't get involved in the final action. that will remain true certainly while, certainly well you and i are on the stage. >> one other question, if the administration loses the supreme court case on the affordable care act and potentially millions of people could lose there health care subsidies what will the president's message to the the? >> first is the knowledge the case. no one is on our side. >> that's not up to you. >> i wish it was. it is clear with the intent was. the oral arguments on a couple days and we we will focus our energy on the department of justice weighing the argument. i suspect that we will do that. it is important to recognize with the consequences of this decision would be.

the impacts that it would have on premiums and i think i think it could be a devastating thing much like the repeal efforts. you would be taking health insurance away from people that currently need it. >> what you could do in any eventuality. >> as secretary burwell said before congress the other day there is not a magic fix. there there is not something in the bag of tricks that can just fix of the court will rule the wrong direction. we don't have something of partially that we will fix it. >> is it possible that this would open the conversation with the congressional leadership that could result in a a grand bargain or a brandish bargain? >> you know, i think there are a lot of ways to get to a grand bargain.

i would like to back at there this way. if you look at what happened in the congress a few days ago this would be a complicated peace of business. the simple thing that they could do be to fund an agency for three weeks. i don't think we will rest our hopes -- we are always hopeful that something can to change and republicans get more functional, but we are not naïve. >> there are a lot of ways to a grand bargain in the 4th quarter. >> if i grand a grand bargain means it generally bipartisan agreement their is a chance, and the pres. will try for it. we it. we have to recognize. >> we want to start with some things we might be able to get done.

>> petty bargaining. >> something like that. >> it we will be really hard >> the most right wing congress in history. it's never been the compromise of this president >> sitting here even a week ago the list of things that could get done. senator elizabeth warren said she was against the tpa and tpp and that she was very concerned about some of the specific provisions.

>> not necessarily. it we will be hard. has always been hard. a little bit harder than it has been in the past because you cannot count as many republican votes as you used to because there is an isolationist wing of the republican party what people should do, this pres., if we are going to have the tpp it will be one for it -- one that is good for the middle class. he won agree to one that isn't. but the progressive you. that is not going to happen. everyone is trying to critique what they have not seen yet. it's not done yet. we have to get it. >> we should see. i don't believe that to be the case. we should let her see the deal and make a final judgment. >> you remain optimistic about changing senator warns mind? >> it is not for me to judge what the odds of changing her mind's eye. we should get an actual deal and let people look at that. >> you we will be leaving the white house when? >> friday.

>> you have been doing a lot of things for the last time. what is something you are happy to do for the last time? >> happy to do for the last time? the last time i wake up to 45 in the morning i we will be very happy to do that. >> he used to tell me you woke up every day at 4:20 am. >> over the course of time. that was true in the early days. over the course of time as i get better at time management and more tired. now i tired. now i wake up at that hour a couple days of the week. >> 450? >> five something. >> what was the time management. >> being able to separate the signal from the noise, what is real and what is something that is just a distraction.

>> thank you for doing this on your shortlist between now and friday. what else what else is on your shortlist? >> pack my office which i'm behind on. six years of accumulated stuff. i want to just soak in the last few days you and use this is an opportunity as an opportunity to put this entire experience and perspective. a been in a nostalgic mood. you look back to the early days the idea that we would all be here doing this and have this opportunity is amazing to think about. if i have one regret i spent too much of this you

know, front seat for history with my face buried in my blackberry. there is no major presidential speech i i actually watched. i heard it and read my e-mails. these last few days i want to try to soak it in and try to really recognize what this whole experience has been about. >> what something you did for the last time where you were a little -- >> i think the last time -- i i don't know whether the last trip i took -- >> what was that. >> we went we traveled last week went to florida for the town hall. as i was getting off -- because that's just this regal experience, sitting and chatting in the helicopter and i'm thinking this is the last time we do this.

>> now now you have a fantastic vacation plan. >> am going to take several weeks traveling. looking at some plans. >> the whole thing about vacation planning when you have no other job because you can always -- you never have to stop. i'm looking forward to getting some time off. i'll take more time. i'll have more time off in the coming few months that i have in the last few years. >> short-term plans. >> what i'm going to do monday morning when i wake up. >> unpacked. try to get a little sleep. get up early and read politico.

>> he recently did a swing through silicon valley. the surprising thing. >> well, the genesis of the trip was to go out they're and try to get the thoughts from the best and the brightest in silicon valley the big social media companies, the folks companies the folks in the venture capitol world looking at the next technology digital marketing and engage. the premises over the course of the six years of been in the white house the media landscape is changed so much that it is getting increasingly difficult to get your chosen message out and heard by people and at the same time is getting easy for your opponent to get there more viral processing message in to the ether.

so you out there and talk to these folks and layout the problem in their answer is, yeah, we have the same problem. everyone across the board is confronting this cluttered hyperkinetic media space where you got from a world where we refer to it as the broadcast model tv radio, newspapers of broadcasting in the network model we're not hearing directly from politico pursue the cbs or abc that from someone else who has heard from politico or cbs or abc and those people are self-selecting information so you end up in this world where people only you the information that there friends or colleagues are people on facebook want them to hear which makes it much more challenging future

message up. >> what is the coolest thing that is being worked on. >> everyone can see this now, but the new -- what snap chat is doing with espn, cnn vice and some others through there discoverer function that has fundamentally changed the way i watch espn because you can't really have espn on in the office. it's frowned on. it's a fair trade. but it's a very cool way of doing it. a lot of the things you find is they are getting their news from not even facebook necessarily the snap chat and histogram and are finding ways to get information out in ways that are completely antithetical to how we think about distributing news and information. >> is the pres. president on staff just? >> is not. >> out as he watches espn? >> on television at the gym

like many americans. >> over the years he has been updating. has that changed? >> he still has a blackberry. the ipad is his primary sort of media device. >> over the years we have had a longitudinal conversation about the president reads. there are a lot of things the president does that take you by surprise. what are some things that you no he's going to read different books, what? >> is going to read magazines. sometimes actual hardcopy form and also on his ipad everything ipad, everything from espn magazine in rolling stone to the economist, the atlantic and he focuses not because the articles are interesting but other topics you find incredibly fascinating.

>> one of the projects that you engineered was reimagining how the state of the union is rolled out. text was on the meeting before the president opened his mouth. >> a mildly controversial decision within the white house. you're breaking a pretty long tradition of the embargoed copy of the text. a lot of people are familiar with it it, but it's a great farce in washington. some number of minutes before the speech the president we will put out to the press corps the embargoed copies or the embargoed text of the speech then reporters we will submit to the resources within send it to there friends. and by the time the president has the podium basically everyone in washington has seen the speech but no one in the public as. our view this time was two things if everyone in

washington can call like at why can't the public? do not going to change it. might as well put it up. >> i don't know that. they get closer they get closer to the podium and we did. but one of the goals go with the conversations are happening. the television the television audience is diminishing every year him. we did 102nd.

>> and people what i read it but it never want to speech, but other people may become interested. we have a couple different groups of people in my. people would actually watch it on television. people who watch it live stream watch it on their laptop or ipad. facts, photos stuff like that. the two screen experience, people who were missing important things like i doitter, facebook,

and people who were never going to watch the speech and in its entirety topping out segments of keynotes, hosting, highlights on places like and secure people histogram for people to see. we tried to provide content for all of them. >> there is a risk and reward to putting more white house officials on twitter. >> yes. twitter really twitter really came into prominence after weekend office. it was an emerging technology during the campaign but it was less a technology the political professionals work using to communicate there message. reporter started getting i quickly. the robert gibson the robert gibson briefing. people were constantly on there phones. he he thought they were texting but there were tweeting at the briefing. we felt like those were

conversations we had to get into, and he broke ground by creating the at press desk account. then we slowly over time the press secretary. myself. it became a trend. >> will you keep that are get a new handle? >> am working i'm working on that. >> what would it be? [inaudible] >> but the people we kept it to our people whose job it was to speak for the president. if you can do in on the record interview you probably could have your twitter account. hopefully. we sort of realize over the course of time that we were missing a lot of conversations in two ways. we didn't have we didn't have enough of our press staff on twitter.

there was a huge back and forth happening with reporters themselves about shaping the narrative about the president and what we were doing and more bandwidth to engage the conversation. a reporter tweeting something that wasn't incorrect take on the event that they. we can clear that up before it went too far that their we realize that for communities of interest people who would be interested in immigration or taxes on immigration and therefore it makes sense to have our director of domestic policy spearhead our efforts in the white house. but what you do is run a a risk. the big tension we deal with this discipline and authenticity. they they are not completely as in congress as it sounds.

the more people you put on twitter, the people who are less experienced the more likely you want to have someone make an error. we decided after a while about trying to be disciplined we were missing out on the conversation happening in social media. >> how we will the rapidly changing media world affect how the campaign is covered and run? >> i think whatever the answer yesterday will have to be different the year from now because the pace of change is so fast. i think that in terms of how it's run campaigns will mean a lot more people than we needed in 2,008 because you have to have people who are reaching out to influencers across the board, people that we have all heard of who have large twitter followings like paul krugman or tom friedman or someone like that. >> don't forget donna.

>> of course. another one. and then you also have them reaching out but there are people with fewer followers who are very influential on a specific set of issues. one example is dave roberts. a lot of people watch and may not know who he is. he has a lot of influence on people follow climate. reaching out to influencers like that even further below the line which will take effort and resources. the 2nd thing is i think that the idea of the message of the day is different. you now have -- there may be one thing that the political press will following you have to covering you have to adhere to and deal with that but you now have this ability to reach out to people through alternative means by the social media some of these new media platforms that have come up and to talk about other issues you want to talk

about. you may be talking about your tax plan at the press event from all the reporters are covering you in iowa and you have a team of people who are just messaging your climate plan health plan, healthcare plan for the transplant. so so it will be harder for reporters to cover. the the conversations may not be the ones that are happening at the event you are covering that they. >> you have worked with sec. clinton, run against sec. clinton. what would be the key to success for her campaign? >> i we will i we will let secretary clinton announce whether she is running. >> hypothetical. >> i could do that in my last few days. i we will say command generally luck, the look, the success for any democrat running is going to be how you motivate the coalition of voters who came out in

2008 and 2012% home in 2010 in 2014 to make it will be harder and that the pres. be harder and that the president has a visceral connection with those voters but also because is the 3rd time, and so it will require more work, organization and that will be a challenge. i we will be the key to success for any democrat. see how i did that? [laughter] >> you still got it. when he 1st came into the white house and were asked in an interview who was the most powerful white house official who got the least attention, you said jim messina command i think that i think that has been cured. [laughter] april 2013 i asked 2013 i asked that question and you said alyssa.

also cured. who is now that person? >> i would say probably in need of breckenridge who works across the hall from me. it's inside one of the most important jobs. whoever the next one is has to get to know that person. but but she does the president as well as anyone. i've been around a long time used to drive the pres. around in her car in downstate illinois when he was what is running in the senate primary in 2,003. >> this is a question from political magazine. something that you wish you could change about the white house press corps. >> i had an answer for that but that but then i heard april ryan. in charge of the entertainment every year. >> i think that would be a big draw. let's say you got

that your next wish? >> i think if -- it's always a tricky question. we want what every white house wants to have the opportunity to explain our motivations for why the president does things. so often this is endemic a lot press coverage. whenever this group of voters in the state. the overall majority of the time they are doing it because it's the only thing to do. and they're -- i believe wholeheartedly the white house press corps should have very real skepticism.

white house's. white house is have learned that over time and they should keep that up, but there also should be a level -- we have to earn it but a level of trust. the idea is sometimes we make a mistake and it's just a mistake. someone says the wrong thing. they did not read the talking points.of the memo and say the wrong thing. >> a. >> a couple of twitter questions. >> whose idea was it? it was not mine. i believe it was the 1st ladies communication staff. she's very good at social media. >> is another question from twitter. any topics twitter. any topics or issues high on the particle -- particular postpresidential agenda that can be priorities right now?

>> i don't think so. the agenda of the president we will have is to think about what comes next right at the core of the issues. there is not a secret issue that we are waiting for the presidency the end to work on but i think certainly would imagine the economic issues of the ethical. i suspect that the work on my brother's keeper we will remain important to the president long after he leaves. >> the atty. gen. has said that might be his most important legacy. >> it's a very important legacy. >> a mentoring program about giving people confidence. >> and opportunity to set up a series of initiatives were people provide additional opportunities for young men of color around the country something the president

takes very personally it was a powerful moment to hear the president talk to young men of color about his experiences. if you did if you did not hear the president and his interview last week that aired on friday where he had a conversation with the young man who has struggled in his life and then in the criminal justice system but it is trying to make caps off better it's powerful. >> the president also recently did a buzz feed interview that included portion of the affordable care act. act. did you feel like that cross the line. >> buzz feed came to us with a proposal that included a substantive interview in a funny video. >> originally they just one of the substantive interview >> they came with them together.

we had a number of conversations with the overtime. the idea for the video them. this has this has been portrayed by someone suggested. i think it was -- 61 million views. i checked before we came over here. you know, i think as we get knew platforms are knew ways of going about doing things. so buzz feed is a successful platform. they. they get a tough but fair assessment of the president. it has worked for them. other people had other outlooks. these are media companies with different -- they

engage there audience. >> where those really vp vice president biden's shades? >> i have to check on that. i we will tweet out the answer when i get back. >> any regrets about the antics in that video? >> it was fun. people see the president. if you're watching the news to me standing behind a podium in some big fight with republicans. during the campaign people got to see the other side of it's important to have some fun with it. and so i thought it was great. >> the president also recently did fox. did you did you think the questions would be tougher? >> i thought the i thought

the questions were plenty tough. there's never been an interview worth of the questions weren't tough enough, but they had a very specific policy oriented audience and produced content that worked for their audience. the audience. the way they did the video was clever. this is the challenge for a lot of media companies, to develop content that is different that speaks to their audience. they did a good job of that and others are trying to figure that out. >> we have a question. when you and i sat down last year we talked about modernizing the white house briefing, like how it might change. it was something it was something that you had given a lot of thought to commit you can imagine ways that it could change the said they're are some things that

only a knew president could do. what would the advice be to your successors? >> my advice would be to sit down with the white house correspondents association have legitimate conversation about how you can achieve both the equities in the white house and the 1st line association because we get as many complaints in the white house correspondents association for the happy to do the briefing not a good time to make sense. 247 media cycle. this isn't like the old days were they just wake up in the morning, call sources go to the briefing hear briefing here something, put it in the story. now they now they are constantly writing and producing content. you might be able to find ways that made it more suitable to the current media environment in the current work patterns of

white house correspondents what the same time preserving what i think is a very important tradition of having the white house have to answer questions on a regular basis. >> will we will be an example of how you might do that. >> i think joshua would shoot me for saying this but you could do it earlier in the morning. you could do a more -- you could do an earlier morning off-camera gaggle that would serve some purposes people who are writing. there there are a whole host of ways of dealing with it. finding ways to finding ways to take questions people who can't be there. there are a whole host of ways. people smarter than me will figure it out. >> what media outlets would you like to see them? >> well, i think it is

really diversified and expanded in terms of diversity and the whole post of host of ways, but if we can find ways for people to have whether there is a capacity for questions public in some way shape or form, from smaller outlets more of the challenges we have is even though the media landscape is changing newspapers are critically important but the economics of made it such that very few are ever able to come to the briefing. her ways in which you could take questions via the internet or some other way i think that would be good. i don't think it is great that people and a lot of districts are only reading -- they don't get the local spin as much as they should of how these have these policies affect there state.

>> you been involved with the pres.'s messaging president's messaging for a few years. use the violent extremism. i saw paul earlier today from pew that said the majority of iraqi muslims believe in honor killings not to mention the overwhelming majority believe in sharia law and executions. is they're some way between that culture and the violent extremists that are to radicalized segments of the population? >> i did not see that. that. i am notably skeptical. i can't tell you. i can i can just explain or

try to explain the president's logic. it's it's important and i think the bush administration was very good at making this. we're at this. we're at war with terrorists, not as long. the more we allow the very adept propagandists to paint the idea that we are at war with islam hampers our efforts. we try to be specific about who we are at war with and we are not. moderate elements in syria and across the middle east. >> you are someone who was known for doing a lot of reading.

i'm told that after reading about them by george w. bush you even felt a little sympathy. >> i read peter baker's book i think very few people get to experience the same things that we experience every day of the pace in the white house, the fact that you wake up and the entire world as you know what has changed. i felt real sympathy. policies that the bush staffers who are going through a lot of the same things we were going through. these are hard jobs. particles to make.

>> and what did you learn? was surprised you? >> i read it after the end of 2014. things seemed really bad. i read that book and john harris' book right before that. sort of wrapping sort of wrapping my mind around 2nd term presidencies. those guys had some years worse than we did. >> what are you reading at this moment? and a believer. >> how true is it?

>> you know it's like i believe these things. but i think i think it's a very poignantly per me now. put myself back in the place of what it felt like in the campaign and the big huge bed that we made in early 2,007. it's poignant to my great read, and have learned a ton it's a cool book. even if you you're not a huge obama fan it's definitely -- it gives you a good view. >> what is something you we will read for fun now that you are liberated? >> good question. the next book i will read

richard price: my favorite authors. >> one last question. a young person coming to washington. you want to be dan pfeiffer. what do you do? >> a higher than that. in washington on campaigns where you went to school, who you know, your parents no may get you in the door but once you're in the door none of that matters anymore. the person who works largest and smartest succeeds where there is no better example of that than david price came to washington and out of the politics without ever graduated from college and ended up managing successful presidential election of 2008. if you work if you work harder, you no, if you are

going to campaign get to work for your boss and leave work after your boss. you you have a real shot at making it. >> as we say goodbye, you are real georgetown basketball fan. the the ambassador from the united arab emirates is a question. we a question. we have a talented but young team again heavy with good guards but no centers. given the young nature and disadvantage how do you think global fair? >> i think -- [laughter] >> a little baked in. >> i think this is a -- the most athletic georgetown team in a long time and one of the challenges we have had is we have gone up against teams that were more athletic than us. so we have -- this team if the freshman can stay poised

we have a chance to make a run. >> who is in your final four? >> as of today is kentucky virginia arizona. >> thank all of you and live stream land thank all of you on c-span. thank you colleagues at bank of america for making these conversations available. we appreciate this partnership. thank my political events colleagues who work so hard on this, dance colleagues made as possible. i think all of you for coming out tonight despite having your motorcades having to particles for. then, thank you. congratulations on an amazing run and for great conversations. >> thank you. >> the supreme court is set to hear the oral arguments and king versus burwell my case challenging the federal subsidies for the purchase of healthcare through the affordable care act. on the next washington journal the "wall street journal" is

here to talk about the case and the potential outcome. more about the affordable care act and subsidies with mary agnes carey of kaiser health news. washington journal is live every morning at 7:00 a.m. eastern c-span. you can join the conversation with your phone calls and comments on facebook and twitter. >> you would see what when i was a kid washington was a large a large man, 6-foot very robust mature effort natural last week and madison is a skinny guy. >> this sunday historian david o stewart on's founding father james madison and the partnerships he made that aided in the success of force and nation quex's gift that i've read most about is his ability to

form a mark of partnerships with really the great people of his era but it also alludes to his gifts of the country his talents and what he was able to do to help create the 1st self-sustaining constitutional. >> sunday night at 8:00 o'clock eastern and pacific on c-span q&a.

[applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, please welcome this year's recipient we are emily award hillary clinton. [applause] [applause]

>> thank you. thank you all so much. that was a walk down memory lane. so many lane. so many years, so many hairstyles. it was wonderful being with you tonight. i am still kind of in the grandmother glow six months and. it is better than the spot treatment. i highly recommend it. if there is anything that can compete. it is a room full of women and men recognize the importance of making sure that all of our people have a chance to live up to their god-given potential and running campaigns standing up and being an advocate the emily's list has been on the right track for 30 30 years. let's hope for 30 100 more

until they are no one need. >> i want to ask -- answer one question great the start over the years people have read a lot of different things into my pantsuits. let's settle this once and for all. despite what you might think this outfit is not actually white and gold. i must say, that gave us all a little bit of amusement. i can't tell you how many people have been with that of held at the pictures and asked me.

now, i believe in freedom of thought creates passion for the internet is the great and it will but it is nice to be with people actually see what is before us and are committed to doing each of our parts to make this a fairer, more a fairer, more just a better place. i want to start by thanking stephanie. and the fact that she could get out franken, franken, my friend of decades elected tells you everything you need to know about what an extraordinary person a patient stephanie years. she has led this indispensable organization and of the 21st 21st century with such savvy in class.

going from 400,000 members to more than 3 million under the leadership robust is bigger, stronger, younger, and more diverse than ever. [applause] >> this anniversary is a a chance to celebrate how far we have come together and where we still need to go and why it matters not just for women but for the entire country. i have to confess sometimes i feel i feel like a broken record saying that i no there are still some people will rise women's issues of america's issues. they just going to have to get used to it.

going to beat this job as long as long as it takes to be part of the course that so many of you have been in for so many years. it's important to remember what it was like for women in politics before emily's list. it was not just of the playing field is not level. women were barely in the game. the could not often even get into the area where the games being played, and that and that is the genius inspired alan who decided to shake things up. on that on that day in 1985 when she gathered ) in her basement none of them could have known exactly what no exactly what kind of impact it would have that they did no something very important. they knew they knew that when women participate in

politics the effect ripples out far and wide and they knew that our country is full of brilliant and talented women ready to step up and lead. who better to prove that an of 4-foot 11-inch spark plug and barbara mikulski. [applause] now, barbara has great integrity, but that 4-foot 11 may be may be stretching it just a little. the old the old boys #and with the help of emily's -- emily's list the voters of maryland not always saw her they elected her again and again and again. her her victory in 1986 was a turning.she plays the path

forward. and. among her many accomplishments no what i am particularly grateful for is when she forced the senate to allow women to where pantsuits on the floor. [applause] like so many of my fellow women senators i we will always remember her kindness and wisdom. she was one of the 1st cause i got. congratulations. i followed. it was a hard-fought race. go figure out how to be a senator.

she came over and sat down with me and started giving me editorial bested me in such good stead. she knew the votes but also knew how to cut through all the hot air. she understands that we have to work on macro issues but also macaroni and cheese issues. it's hard to imagine the senate without senator mikulski. we are so much. i'm part two: glad she will stay out there raising her like she always has an inspiring even more people to consider public service because of the billboards that despite all of the challenges come to you. thank you for everything. we love we love you. we are grateful to you.

emily's list is gone on to help elect 19 women to the senate more than 100 as you have heard