excuse me. please. the queue. thank you. >> nobody is speaking now. >> please. richard your evaluation forms and by some books to have them signed. [applause] [inaudible conversations]

♪ >> what is the most difficult part of printing a book? >> organizing the schedule for although works regret the same time. >> what is the beginning of the process? mimicry take the file the content printed the design.

>> from the time and goes out how long? >> maybe three or four weeks. >> coming in 1956 or in the late '80s but obviously to increase our customer base how many do you guess? >> maybe 120 million per year. >> how many different books? >> tens of thousands.

>> what has happened since he had been in the business? >> obviously the publishers are conscious of inventory that is costly for them to maintain to improve the ability to take care of the short run so basically we can do a shorter run to make it more profitable. >> how big is it? >> with consumer of random house that is what we belong to how long have you been in that? >> 36 years in the industry

with of quick turns the change of materials and the competition with digital printing. >> what about the e-books? >> it is part of the process they serve and a dead -- in a different way doesn't ever decrease our need. >> so go through the process >> once they successfully placed the order we will schedule it to put it into the press to impose such

evander then they're put on the press and we take that and we get signatures and ship it. >> and what about the assembly line? >> how big of a business so with those acquisitions and mergers there is still a lot of competition out there. it is less work and but to

increase year over year. >> how much is that technology changed? >> as they tried to file to make it into a product that is on the front and decide. is there any way to estimate to produce than $30? >> just a few dollars less than that. about half of the $30 if they go to a bookstore if

his $3 a could be that range. because our costs is mostly labor but those other labor. >>. >> with the biggest bush should have printed the last few years? >> if you harry potter books some grisham books also 50 shades which is a best seller. and the maze runner series with the movie tie-in. >> what about the process

after 36 years? >> with manufacturing people putting hands and their machinery. and they have done something to produce something physical. >> where did you grow up? >> madison went to school university of wisconsin how to get into this business? >> it was a summer job that lasted 36 years. in the beginning of was a helper on the floor. >> then why it? >> worked one way to an apprenticeship in a was fortunate to have an opportunity that came my way to help me along cahan. >> back in the '80s that

plan was shut down as we look to hire people and they interviewed me. >> what is the hardest part of the business? >> we have a lot of people that work here with hard effort and people have to work a lot of hours. so to get those out in time. and they're very willing to do it. that is the tougher thing but we appreciate their rewards of that. >> looked at your printing

press are there more people on the floor now or less? >> less. maybe 25 percent less. with some of the things technology has improved obviously the cost of labor to improve that process. but just to look at the cost we look at the cruz initially. >> how does somebody trained to be in this type of work? >> is a good foundation to build on. in what evolves around that print process.

in the things that are really on the job. >> and we read a lot with some trouble what is your experience. >> when people first came up there was triple digit growth. in basically that was a plateau. we had to see a decline. >> but how far out dozen publishers say i have

something now want you to print? >> if it is a large print we may get it scheduled if it is of large quantities. other than that not a huge amount of time maybe eight weeks to be prepared or we could pre-schedule. >> 50 schaede sold millions of copies how much of that did you do? >> closed at 20 million units total. all three volumes. that was hot and heavy in 2012. >> did you print a lot of harry potter? >> we did the originals and

then to go on to do more editions. >> it is definitely a bigger undertaking. 50 shades with all three books for one season was the biggest ever has been. >> how many employees? >> 600 in the building. >> and with the '50s and '60s and then we're you have farm people