miss me? >> jasper is the result of greta van susteren who insisted peter and i get another dog after henry past. one night on red eyed greg said there's an actress in hollywood she was mad because the paparazzi kept taking pictures of her daughter. he said in a you are a module has been known to fly into a rage when so it takes a picture of your doctor i said no. i wanted going to be able to share my dog. he can be america's dog. there he is. thank you. [applause] >> thank you rick grenell and dana perino. the book is "and the good news is..." at all of you who have the book go out to the lobby and they will sign. those of you who don't they are for sale in our museum store. thank you for coming to the richard nixon presidential library. god bless you and god bless

america, thank you. [applause] ♪ >> every weekend booktv offers programming focus on nonfiction authors and books. keep watching for more here on c-span2 and watch any of our past programs online @booktv.org. ..

>> next come a look at ways to improve the lives of inner-city cores and what can be learned from initiatives around the country. we will burn for my brothers keeper which looks to improve the lives of minority boys and men. this event is from the brookings institution. it runs an hour and 50 minutes. >> good morning to all of you here today he is joining br live webcast spirit on behalf of the metropolitan program i want to welcome you to our baltimore and beyond discussion.

i'm fellow at the masher program and i was an rss to was in rss two opener session today for two reasons. first because of my 14 years here i focus my research and policy development efforts and how cities and metro areas, particularly older industrial areas in the northeast and midwest can revitalize and grow the regional economy. that concludes research i did several years ago the focus on baltimore's economy and strategies for better connecting low-income residents through quality jobs. the second race in rss to provide opening comments is because i live in baltimore. these things combined give me professional and personal lives on the events that occurred in baltimore the past several weeks. in my professional capacity i together with several colleagues have been trying to understand the circumstances and conditions in which the protests could put them in a broader regional and national context.

it is by now well known the winchester neighborhood where freddy gray led suffers from joblessness, poverty and the full range of social challenges that accompany economic disparity in distress. over half the working age population in the community as the community is either not in the labor force are unemployed and looking for work. nearly half the children are impoverished in the third of the homes are vacant or abandoned. overall about one of five people in baltimore lives in the neighborhood of extreme poverty most of which are concentrated east and west of the downtown area appeared it is a highly segregated by race and income. there's another less well known story we've been telling him in media interviews and that is other economically distressed baltimore neighborhoods are located and what by many

measures as a metropolitan area. income and educational attainment levels are high while poverty rates are relatively low. a strong black middle class in the region rich in assets including a robust network for colleges and universities, several world-class hospital systems in close proximity to the capital and unique vibrant urban communities where people affirm what to locate. this story must be understood for by building on the strength they continue to grow more and better jobs and yet it's not enough not enough to truly raise my residents out of poverty and into the middle class come in neighborhoods like santana and people living must be far better connected two opportunities. this is the issue that brings us here today. baltimore will be a platform for discussion, we will look beyond to focus on what we've learned from years of abstinence for

urban and suburban communities around the country. the broader scope is important because the fact is what moore has recently been in the spotlight is challenges are far from unique. the degree of income inequality is similar to many big cities in this level of constant property is actually about average among

heartbreaking because freddie gray should note that the way you did it heartbreaking because it says were destroyed and people hurt and heartbreaking because young people taking part in the destruction is another better outlet for frustration as the systems they feel or shut them out and left them behind. the second source comes from knowing because of these events for the first special city has so much to offer that it's varied so much progress is portrayed in the world over and over again almost solely through the lines of the challenges. those of us who care deeply about the city who root for the city, this is really tough to

say. for all the statistics i cited that are what they are i would be lying if i said i didn't feel some satisfaction in having a platform from which to tell them. as a way of letting people know there's so much more baltimore than what they've been told and what they think they know. yet these two realities together bring the most comfort that economic hardship that underpins what i've heard in baltimore can exist alongside progress among prosperity. not just in baltimore, but communities throughout the station country and nation. it's not that we have an understood this to be true for a long-term but it can be easy for many of us to forget until you see them first hand in your own community and you are forced to question whether or not they will catalyze change for the better or whether things only get worse. i have to believe the former. baltimore was an early pioneer in applying new approaches to neighborhood revitalization

some of which worked in some house in pearson said the practice of joining people has evolved and developed a body of evidence-based program that can make and are making a profound profound difference in the lives of families and communities. today we have an opportunity to have an honest conversation about these efforts, to ask important questions and help lay the groundwork for any path forward. thank you. [applause]

>> while everyone is getting mike stepp thank you for joining us today. i want to thank our colleagues for the heartfelt opening and the stark reminder of why we are talking about these topics. i didn't have a groundhog day moment, which was after hurricane katrina which i was actively involved in, there was a desire for renewed conversation about urban policy and poverty. i think part of the motivation for having the conversation is to make sure it even as the news cycle has succeeded a little bit of a continued to explore what needs to be done to ensure we don't find ourselves here again. there is no doubt there is now a national discussion about poverty going on in the country right now that we hope is the same. president obama was in a panel

discussion last week in georgetown to talk about how we tackle the challenges of poverty and said that alongside robert putnam who's written a book about the role of parenting and families. i want to stress the things that jennifer talked about. today's discussion is focused specifically on the role of plays in that opportunity story. because there is so much concern about the fact that your zip code or the neighborhood you live in has such a major predictor on a person's life outcome. so when we talk about entrenched poverty, it is highly concentrated whether it's the urban poor are increasingly in the suburbs. so is jennifer said at times when they read the media stories

was the images of frustration on the streets, there is a sense that a lot of policies and programs have failed our communities. so what we want to do is focus on the fact that there has been a bond of well meaning of organizations working in these communities for decades trying to reverse the lot of the trends that we have seen in to steal pat the loss. sincerely pat the laws. since early after his repeat the lies whether it is income housing, the blending of faith-based investments people based investments, housing choice, new forms of finance in terms of tax credit and more absurd to connect low-income neighborhoods to the wider regional economy.

this morning we are going to try to touch on all of those issues that we are going to explore what are those efforts under way today to unlock opportunities in the high poverty neighborhoods. we are going to discuss what we have learned over the years what has worked and what is not in what we've been trying to build on. we are going to often say we understand the work is not finished. we have to acknowledge where the appeals have to go so they can continue to push the envelope on the policies and strategies needed to make sure we improve the life chances for low-income families and children. so for the conversation today we want to bring readers together and organizations have been on the front lines are working on these issues. often for decades. now, to convert neighborhoods of poverty to neighborhoods of opportunity, take the village. today we brought you a mini

village. i know this seems really simplistic, but we have on our panel today a community developer, an anchor partner, an investment banker a resident next generation later and a philanthropist and policymaker. each one of them has an important role to play in the complex issue of the neighborhood opportunity. let me introduce each one will quickly. to my left is bart harvey, former chair and ceo of enterprise community partners. he joined enterprise in 1984 shortly after they formed the enterprise foundation and bart himself ran the foundation for 1993 to mac 2008. he's an expert on community development. he helped formed with the foundations and financial and two shams trying to scare the

cdc developed and around the country. and like jennifer, bart lives in baltimore and has been an integral part of the offers you'll hear about in a moment. next in its joel miranda many of you who don't know it was started in a wee little housing rehab program in harlem in the late 1970s and today it is a program that is scaled. it is now in 100 programs across 10 countries, helping those disconnected become leaders in building their own communities. joel himself as one of those leaders. he's not on their graduate of duke film, but now i direct her in the organization and on top of that he's also involved with my brother's keepers.

next-day him as donald hinkle-brown, president and ceo of the reinvestment fund. they are expert in financing neighborhood revitalization providing market programs to increase wealth of people and communities. you will hear a lot about the neighborhood there. to his left is derek douglas. he will very few hats for us today. currently vice president of civic engagement at the university of chicago working on a lot of the partnerships around southside chicago neighborhoods, around urban development but how i got to know derek is that he was a special assistant to obama in the first administration, helping to lead the domestic policy council and the white house and urban policy. not least is michael smith who

was a philanthropist and policymaker i talked about. he is currently the special assistant to the president enhanced by my brother's keepers and before that, he oversaw a social innovation and in a couple social innovation initiatives. so i think we'll have a dynamic discussion. just as a reminder we'll go have the conversations for 45 minutes or so. think about your questions and we'll open it up for q&a. again folks on the webcast are welcome to join in the discussion. let me start with bart. bart went to san town winchester the day after the riot to contribute to the cleanup. why don't you start with what you saw and what you experienced. >> certainly. thank you, amy. like jennifer, being a baltimore and, being raised there and

coming back i was heartbroken when you saw a loop that cab earning and burdening i wonder what it really happened. the next day i went to look for myself and to help clean up and it was a very different scene that you might expect. there were about 200 people out of the community and some of the churches cleaning up on north and pennsylvania avenue. also in a couple other areas for a small story impact it. i went towards all of the investment in enterprise. 524 homes we had directly contributed to and about 250

humanity. they looked better than they looked 20 years ago when we built them. the homeowners were there. they were in great shape. no property damage and many of them. there was a beating heart center of winchester. that was very positive and reassuring. and then i attended yesterday one baltimore meeting of philanthropy and stayed in the city ipod has baltimore react to this. basically they surveyed everything that has been touched by the losing and they were 350 different businesses. half of them were broken window or something on the exterior. the serious ones you saw over and over again in a large shoe store. one senior senate that burned to

the ground take those 350 and look at the cost estimated at about $12.5 million in the initial preliminary estimate. a third have partial and a third have no insurance. the city and philanthropists and others banks and community financial institutions are getting together a pool to try and put everybody back into business. so it is a lot more hopeful situation then you might see from what you watch. i'm sure jennifer had the same thing that i got 67 e-mails saying are you okay? baltimore is burning. so the same perspective.

it still is a huge issue and we should get into those issues. >> so that may follow up on what were the original plans and what effort made by enterprise habitat for humanity tier partners in san town and what is your reaction, sometimes criticism that the $130 million spent to work. >> i will say at the outset that this was jim rouse's view which is the right view of the neighborhood transformation. it's a real community development ends. what would happen if not only the housing that the schools and the employment and the health care would really help people become productive -- more than

really integrate in the party's insistence that there is a path upward for them or their kid going forward. we did undertake a major effort around that. we've learned of. part of it was successful in part if it was not successful. i would be interested in the $130 million in san town winchester. in the housing infrastructure was a major part of the expenditure. there were other expenditures, but that was the major part. the 130 million is a mix of public added together out of an april report. if you took what we know about, which is enterprise homes of the 524 units it is all they are.

and it is all owned by people who are working in a significant portion of that is being paid back to the state of mortgages. if you look at the amount that was spent with habitat for humanity, that is being paid to other houses all the way. money just do one thing if i may on this. not to avoid your question, but to put it into context. if you took 524 people and put them in the starter houses in the county and in some of the wealthier metro areas out of $350,000 home at the same. at the same interest rates you would spend more than the mortgage interest deduction on them. they have their houses. the cost of the government would

be more if you do the math of the same period of time. so you have these houses on the 700 but habitats together are affected. the connection to jobs was incredibly difficult in a large number of ex-offenders in the area. we went round and round and now is a failure. economic development did not occur. you can see where san town's investment became than men where freddie gray lives is on the outskirts of the area that has been improved dramatically and had the strongest homeownership portion of winchester. what didn't happen in his there wasn't an economic driver that

kept the redevelopment going past where the homeowners during password disability was. the employment didn't occur. the health care systems -- i'm sorry i'm probably going on. we organized out the various health care providers, all of the payment systems change. very hard thing to do. almost every kid for the chips program et cetera et cetera. there is more health care available than when we started. the schools -- we took him to public schools under an agreement and combined them into one k-8. it went from one of the worst schools into the top half by all measures along the way. that improvement is still there. more needs to be done.

so there are positives and make it is to the whole situation. most of the investment is still there and it's amazing that it's in better shape than it was when it was first assessed. >> i think that positive progress is the one outstanding issue with jobs which takes us naturally to joel. joel and i talked a bit before those about how what we see is despite some of the positive progress, a lot of young people feel very frustrated. and so you filled works directly with the young people. either way it is not lost on me that we are having this conversation at an institution that is a symbol of privilege. so i asked joel to get us out of

our ivory tower and make everyone in this room only and comfortable. and tell us a story about how it really works with kids who feel left out and how you get to a place of prominence. >> thank you, amy. in its 36th year started in 1978 became a national -- a federally funded program and now is a federally funded program under the department. as far as numbers go -- [inaudible] it sounds great, right? but over 2000 communities have used the program because of lack

of funding. the young people come to our programs. we don't have to do very much advertising. they have a sister, uncle father who talks about this as a unique experience to their potential. they come to us. some of the young people with single parents struggling with substance abuse homelessness. and there's billions of generations of poverty. they come to our programs saying i need them to change. the youthful program they are engaged by loving supportive communities in the abundant

potential and we provide career edginess skills and leadership development to engage in meaningful service and we tap into the desire to change communities. i'll give you an example of myself. i literally walked out in front of high school officials and i remember at the moment feeling like i didn't want to go back to wondering why no one was coming after me. wondering why no one would turn around. at the age of 17 he showed disconnected from the rest of the world and you see some of the people who are supposed to be responsible for your education are doing not and don't bother to say hey wait they believe the world doesn't care. in addition to the many names

becoming angry because they've been disappointed. they come to the program. we believe in them. we nurture them. we develop real skills to tap into what i call -- i compare this to their ability is neither created nor destroyed. we make the skills that they bring within the walls of our program we tap into the leadership they have been to find a sense of self advocacy to make better decisions about their lives. variable to succeed in career in post secondary education we provide an ongoing level of support. we become -- we are a family. i have 145,000 brothers and

sisters who've graduated from programs over the years. these 140000 brothers and sisters nationwide have engage into building 20,000 units of affordable housing. not only are they building themselves, they build their community. those two things go hand in hand. we take a young mother coming out of an abusive relationship and she comes to us we provide the healing and real-world skills. the young man suffering because he has been a bit of of poverty but also the aggressor of the many things that come with poverty. violence, violence on themselves . we work with people who many in society have not been attractive. there are some programs that scale really quickly that they are working with folks who are little more adjusted.

college graduates. they are easier to talk to. they are easier to deal with. then you confront them with some of the problems they are facing. these are young people that need us. we really are living into america. one that looks pretty in its prodigious talk about because they do something about the problems in america and one we are not really dealing with. beside the anger come out in baltimore. i think back to a colleague of mine with an interview of one of the stations were a young man said we are hurting. we are not being listened to. at that moment the reporter turned away. so that is who we are working on it. we work with young people who are hurting and our goal is to not only help them heal the

become productive responsible citizens who are not just living communities i'm part of their families but tilting their communities. so when i mentioned earlier today they are community leaders. they are working to go into the prison system and work with young people before they are released to give them hope, to let them know what the timing the other side there are opportunities. >> no, i don't want to ever cut you off. tell me about you filled experience in ferguson because you have a chapter there working in st. louis. and your experience in baltimore, too. >> we still have a chapter in st. louis and soon after the events of ferguson michael brown's uncle is actually a graduate of the st. louis program. he needed some help for funeral

costs. we provided that. the young people at the st. louis program said we are close by. they go into the community, just being part of it. beginning conversations. it's taken longer than anyone would've liked. we believe the mayor of ferguson gave to plot where they begin to build homes, affordable housing unit at the young people are then able to build real community acts. where we see this work we see the young people remember that. they drive by that house, that building that they helped build and they say i built that and therefore i'm taking care of that. so what we hope is that so we did in ferguson and we think we are on our way. >> you mention in the green room

for every student -- >> for every young person in the program we have at least five young people who can't because of lack of funds. we hope in the following years the young people come back and many of them, too. there are sometimes when they don't. we go into the community and search for them and worry about where they end up here in if we are not able to capture them, we are going to move them. it's the responsibility of everyone. government corporate partners and misguided take a luck at the college. most of them are. >> lots to cover. don, why don't we go to you and talk about trs.

they work in a lot of communities but they've been in baltimore 10 years. so long-term patient capital investment and partnership in the community. talk about your work in baltimore and how that is a reflection. >> the reinvestment fund is a financial institution that's a nonprofit but also we found also we found that a development company for baltimore working across the mid-atlantic as well. we also learn analytics company that is part of both the development and our data business that really reveal accurate change. invited to baltimore by the organization just after the fire bomb msn today that would spark a riot but then sparked a tremendous amount of despair. the neighborhood organized the

system and they wanted something positive to follow that horrible, heinous event. they invited us to come help them develop or redevelop a strategy. >> tell the audience what oliver is. >> it isn't east baltimore, where they filmed the wire. it is adjacent to the region at johns hopkins medical. between johns hopkins medical and we work near the station through green mount dr. johnson square. we've built about 230 some units across the region and we have to reduce to vacancy from over 40%. we believe will reach 5% in a couple more years with a bit more effort. we've increased median incomes which is pretty consistently homogenous for low income

impoverished population. they risen 64% since we've been investing there. we have been performing for the city a series of neighborhood over time. they now have a time series at the trajectory, the value during and can then adjust their programs individual communities and strategies or make their case based on data. the cities in the current environment of scarcity and ever diminishing resources need to be able to aim the resources. equity 20 years ago was provide every service everywhere and provided to the next person in line. equity today if you had better use resources where they are most effective.

one series of changes around the data by his decision-making for efficient use of resources and amplification of resources. we specifically picked all of her not just because of the fire bombing and organize an effort, which are not told the folks we can't guarantee you. we found the combination of factors around their presented an actionable development over a number of years and we believed we could react today. so they go from strength strategy around community development and the reason why that is our strategy is we want the private marketplace to sit there with us around market activities. when we started our work in east baltimore, we represented 80% or 90% over $50,000. today we are a minority. when we started we were the

majority of home sales over $150,000. today we are a minority. the private market is drafting on our wind and that is what makes it manageable in terms of public subsidy in today's environment of shrinking budget and it allows you to shift your focus to the next neighborhood while the existing neighborhood is still being drafted with market activity and you can build a crescendo. it is planned change. the last topic we need to cover today given the concept of gentrification. gentrification is unmanaged change in the public sector. what we try to do is manage a joint effort for existing residents in a way that is manage change and self-sustaining once were able to move on. >> gray. we promise to get beyond

baltimore. next to chicago. i will bring derek into the conversation. university of chicago is on the south side of the city. since his arrest that university of chicago in his role, he's reinvented the role of the institution and economic opportunities. so can you talk about that particularly in the context of sort of distress and inequality. many of us who are observers know that the mayoral race in chicago is very much defined by the frustrations and some of these neighborhoods in the inequality of chicago. talk about the positions in your role. >> thanks, amy for inviting me to be here and see so many people i haven't seen in a long time. the issues that chicago faces are not similar for the issues in baltimore in the united

states and around the world. you have a phenomenon in chicago where you have a very growing thriving downtown area and when you get to the neighborhoods particularly on the south and west side you see depopulation and high unemployment. in my estimation the main issue driving that is the neighborhoods are not connected at all to what is driving the economy. i think one of the big challenges neighborhood spaces disconnection that needs to be spoken to. what you saw in the mayoral race with some of the frustration. the mayor did a lot of positive things but a lot of people still felt frustrated. they felt they weren't listened to when things are not getting better and that is why it was such a race in a runoff in all of that.

but we've been doing at the university of chicago is trying to reimagine the role of an anchor institution in the city and community. looking at it not just as the traditional anchor that a lot of institutions to which are very important like our buy local, higher local, those sorts of things, but trying to look at all the things universities do and how can we leverage those things to have an impact in the community in the city. and so it is important in the civic policy that doesn't have to become the city. it doesn't have is trying to be a bank. doesn't have is trying to be a foundation or university, but there are a lot of things universities do that can be leveraged for impact. the university of chicago is the

largest purchaser on the southside, largest developer on the wild side -- southside. with the largest medical provider. go down the list. a lot of things and tools we can use and have been using to reorient those two have an impact in the city in the region of the global community. we are also educators. we've been trying to develop initiatives to support and provide more access to the educational resources at the university. things like college readiness, college access types of programs. we been recently doing more work around leadership development in the public sector, nonprofit sector. we created a new program should incubate and accelerate at an organizational level which is another big issue. universities are also research

institutions. that is the coronation. thinking about ways in which we could encourage and incentivize more faculty as they do the scholarship getting published to do things that could also have an impact on policy evidence-based approach and we see a lot more of that. the last area we've been focusing on his innovation entrepreneurship. a lot of chicagoans become high priority in a lot of effort around the university with the research that goes on and the idea is with a huge opportunity to create new companies new technology new products and to connect those into the neighborhoods and communities and we create new innovation centers the first one on the south side ties the neighborhood

and southside into the broader economy. a couple of examples if i could just highlight, better focus on one of the initiatives chicago anchors economy, where we is the university brought to world business chicago, which is a organization they make a lot of economic business attractions. the foundation was an instrumental partner and the idea was to double procurement power not just of one anchor but multiple anchors and also anchors in different sectors. a lot of times you'll see educational institutions and medical institutions stand together. here we have been major universities, major medical center. the city is a partner as well as agencies like cha, the private sector banks to help providers and energy companies.

we have all the largest museums in the city part of the consortium. the motivation is to think about ways in which the anchors can come together to pool their resources to connect the neighborhoods most indeed developed to the economy. one big pillar of the work is around purchasing so we do capacity building for businesses which is a big issue so they can grow businesses and get contracts. we try to work together to do big plays were we can go to one of our joint vendors and say we would like you to set up an operation on the south south side of what could be a long-term contract that creates jobs. we are also coming together to borrow from each other's networks. of the big challenges is the vendor's stone at her workplace. we are going to be building a workforce development pillar as

well. another example of something relevant to the conversation now called the urban mind which is a project focused on doing very rigorous evidence-based research to inform policies, building on the success of the crime lab which we know very well which has its issues and tested a program have been in the program reduced arrest by 44% and the program is scaled by the two dozen young men and then went back and helped spawn my brother's keepers and there's one in poverty, one in energy and the environment and one in health. they will do randomized controlled trial and work with

cities work with city still helps kill them. it's a way in which we leverage what we do have. those are a couple of delays but a lot they are trying to do to really be catalysts for change. >> banks derek. my goal there's a lot of interest by everyone in this room and around the country about what the administration will do in a moment. we'll touch on that. let's start first about my brother's keeper. it is now a little over a year and implementation. you've really received a lot of local commitment to action. explain to people who may not be familiar about what is the approach for my brother's keeper. what are the results now. >> good morning. my brother's keeper is what the heart of the obama administration which is making

sure we expand opportunities for all americans. not only economic prosperity but all you people have an opportunity to reach their full potential. that is what my brother's keeper is all about. derek talked about the young men and after the death i think many of you may remember the president's press briefing core in showing his raw emotions in trying to explain the anger americans were feeling about another life tragically lost and said there has to be something we could do about it. i don't have a big clean up my sleeve but i'll see what happens. six months after that the president during the press briefing core. they simply about addressing opportunity gaps in making sure i don't people can reach potential. if you look at the data from the

blood was latino, tribal asian american pacific islander, the data is staggering starting making sure they are in kindergarten ready to learn reading at grade level in third grade and that is an important indicator when you transition. we are now at 80% graduation rate. when you look at black and latino and tribal boys who are still at 50%. with a group of folks to rochester meeting with this recently and three years ago the graduation rate was 9%. if you look at interaction with the criminal justice system shocking. homicide were black boys are 6% of the population or half of the nation's murder victims. you realize we need to pause and say what's going on and what can we do. the president did three things. one committee created in my brother's keeper task force made

up of almost every single cabinet member that is something to do with domestic policy gave them 90 days to come back with a strategy and series of recommendations than they did just that appeared we are looking to young people stood at 24 and 16 milestones where we can make a difference to a long-term transformation. using the past year from the task force also is a grant programs, federal guided, private partnerships. department of labor and we look at this population and community surveys or even items that the department of education were many of you know the statistics we see with kids of color being suspended at extraordinarily high rate as early as pre-k sometimes involving the law enforcement system were used to get put in the corner for that

sort of thing. it's been exciting to see what's happening. on the play side, where my heart is the president launched something called and we know that real progress begins and ends with you and this can't be something we tack about from grassroots. many of you working on this anyway. we are 227 mayors tribal leaders and county executives. they are aligning with the strategy and in 180 days will pick the area we will focus on. we are going to give the local stakeholders to an challenges and opportunities in our community. we will be honest about what works and what doesn't work a monthly we would tell the community how we will address these verses an opportunity cap.

we are kind of touristy beginning of the 180 day period. philadelphia was the first city to release their local action plan. philadelphia, just to give you an example, they are doing some really interesting things. they have a goal to reduce juvenile arrest by 50% and that is what you see in the plans than they do that through diversion program. they had a program where they try to bring an literacy specialists to work with the hardest -- highest needs kids. they are expanding the police athletic league and often doing bias training for all the police officers. in boston and expanded the street worker program getting more youth workers on the streets to work with young people that might be at risk for crime and violence. they've expanded the mentoring initiative for is also challenging the cities to get involved. what's exciting about the work as you see people be serious but

also planning for the long-term to hopefully prevent not only address what is happening but prevent challenges in the future. lastly, i will say the president really called the private sector to action. what we've seen since the launch of my brother's keeper is $500 million in serious private sector commitment. most recently a couple weeks something has launched called my brother's keeper alliance and the former ceo with an all-star carper board launch with about 80 to $100 million will commitment. they will give grants, technical assistant to really get behind these communities so the plants can actually be implemented. jpmorgan chase many corporations behind the work. there's some good momentum in the next stages making sure we implemented shining a spotlight

on where we have impact. >> i want to move to a next set of topics. i want to make sure we open up and do one last round of questions here to start and can about what you want to ask and i want to invite those of you in the webcast to start sending questions to the hash tag. there's a lot of excitement and momentum here and energy by the leaders on the panel. we know the work is unfinished. as we think about what is next for this field we have to look at what we've earned. there's been a lot of learning. a lot of institutional memory is not clear. we want to make sure we don't replicate mistakes. i want the three organizations in existence to tell us what you've learned that we really need -- that we need to build

on. it would be great to hear from the administration and now been on the ground what you think scaling at the national level will excite given the reality on the ground. michael, your work and social innovation impact investment leveraging, just proven program sonatas for is where the dialogue is. we need to continue to hold onto. luscious romper real quick. >> i think a lot has been learned since the winchester neighborhood transformation. part of it connects to what is done in east baltimore as well. the oliver neighborhood tends to succeed because just south of that you have johns hopkins hospital, which is the largest

employer in an a lot of the old industrial cities, they are now the major employer and you've got to connect to the investment and employment's going into those ads and ads. the east baltimore initiative where it was originally cited to be because of politics was elsewhere and we work with bill just as you're working with bill and community -- really basic organization and the community that holds politicians accountable. but what is happening which has gone through some cycles but it is absolutely right. the involvement of johns hopkins and the involvement of the president johns hopkins and the buying power and everything bad

is in effect as well as the new school that hopkins is knee-deep into. .. and that really gets to others that have to be able to have seven, tenure money.

and there's a lot of it. i think a lot of people would like to see if they have safety that the capital can go to rebuild their city in a really constructive way. that's all in the works. so i think there's some really positive lessons learned. there's some positive things that are on the ground. the biggest issue that isn't being addressed in my estimation

by the administration and everyone else is, do we have an intentional jobs program that really gets down to the ground to this concentrated poverty that really really concentrated after the great recession in a major way and really threatened our cities? this was not as much a race issue. you have an african-american mayor, prosecutor, et cetera. it's a poverty issue, and there is real anger, and it isn't just in baltimore. it's all over the country in different areas of concentrated poverty. >> we've learned over the years that i think the biggest lesson is that if you simply stop and ask a young person what they would like to do for their community they will have many, many ideas. we just need to listen. i've seen it consists of in a 15 and 17 is a been involved, that would bringing people together, we ask them about what they like to see happen in their community. they have many, many ideas. i love the energy behind a lot of the research that's going into finding what works. i want to we don't become too fragmented and we fo

many of the poverty issues a have a racial element. we have to confront that. i have many friends latino friends and african-american brothers who will say it doesn't exist but they can all point to an example where they were treated differently because of who they were. i have many white friends who

say though i would not label racist, but little things that we do come from a history of racism. at some point we got to acknowledge that and confront that. the impact it's had a poverty and out it has compounded this thing a poverty. if we learned anything it's there's abundant energy and talent in our young people and all we have to do is ask. engaged in decision-making. they put a lot of energy and resources behind youth policy input and young people are engaged in policy decisions within the organization and policy efforts. we want to make sure that we are listening and that would bring other folks into the conversation. you mentioned this is sort of an ivory tower. on the list of into his eyes also registered as mama. let's bring everyone into the conversation. >> jolt, which follow-up because this issue about two jobs leadership to jobs, at the end

of the day people do want to end up with that other worth, you know, and we talked a little bit about this beforehand. when the recession hit construction stopped. how did you build create demand find command so that young people can get worked ready experience an independent place of employment? what's the model? >> i worked for many years and we saw we do look at what other industries were in demand. many youth program star look at the health careers. started as a nurse assistant at then going to commend because anderson rn program. in pursuing this path. in some regions there is a need for people of color in retail management. we are taking a look at where the need is. it matches our model that is

engaging in people to meet the needs of the community, to meet the needs of this country. what has been a great development is that through our federal funder, the department of labor, window something called construction close. youthbuild started out building homes at a construction program come education program. we build homes and also looking at other high demand industries because we know we have the skill and talent. >> i think this is about capital integrated approaches. >> i would say one thing i didn't emphasize as much in the first question is we definitely learned our work is more impactful when we connect well-organized data and well-organized money to organize evil. we can connect the data in money transactions all day long. some of those guns actions are

self-sustaining and have a tier one kind of positive affect but connecting those resources to organize people and listen to what they want to have happen and then executing them what they want to have happen is a whole different tier of success. it is much more likely to have the longevity, much more likely to be valued in the neighborhood. and it spawns unintentional positive effects. our building in oliver with the build was part and parcel of a series of successes which led to a grocery store organized with the build and other community organizations summer else in the city and led to the political success and accredited which helped them advocate for a billion dollars school rebuilding project in baltimore. these things are not simply detached. success builds upon success especially when you're connected to organize communities. it is the hardest one in the

world to get, is organizing money. nobody really wants these people have been organized voice because there's the risk of what will they say and what will that ask for right? silence is a lot easy to manage just like politicians can manage decline quite well. they can also manage silence quite well, right? so giving voice is threatening that it's really important. the other thing i would say is there's this premise within the world of community development the places where we work our broken markets or quote-unquote disconnected from the region economy or disconnected from any particular pipeline of opportunity or resource. take it a bit farther and lived there for a little while and try to invest in one realizes you're not just in a broken market. there's the other kind of market. the other kind of market where the residents offer input to a false and upside down economy

which is keeping them in poverty, and economy that is fueled by the status quo. we see this in payday lending, we see this in high cost of food in particular neighborhoods. we see it in abusive landlords not maintaining quality residency but there's no choice so it just perpetuates itself. and this builds up a level of cynicism of anger of residents in place and we should just reason we are reactivating marketplaces, we are also rescuing people from kind of this bad economy that is using msu. you listen to ready we watch tv. we are the product. in poor neighborhoods the residents are being sold into any kind which is a weight on the shoulders keeping them where they are. that's i think community development has changed. it's become to realize that and

you said earlier something about the need for cross sector of approaches. community development can't do this on its own and as we talk about jobs we need to come together with the workforce and economic development, has been in the separate silo, different motivations. jobs are jobs but not necessary jobs for poor people. jobs with suburban pickup trucks come into the city take advantage of those new jobs. we have a new opportunity with public health were a whole different profession and frankly, another silo is coming to their on our work. if we can bring together the new world of health care committee benefits and public health with the classic kind of the municipal county saab around economic development, that's what a big opportunity is. >> you said something earlier about capital and you talk about the scissors and have that's important to make sure we have

good leverage investment before you move on to a different neighborhood based on data. what's the lesson around capital now? how do we especially long-term i think sustained these investments takes a while. give us some thoughts on that. >> we raised particular capital for our work, as i'm sure enterprise did. we went out and we raised about $10 million of patient mission capital from institutions and individuals. and that patient capital coming from a really wide lens of civic and committee stakeholders was aboard. so provide a channel where the broadest audience can be invested in your work it is much more it leads to more success and it also mitigates the risk that you'll bump into

down the road when you need to be six degrees of separation from access to the mayor or access to the solution. if all of your money comes from one federal agency and parachute down and showed no connection and you're not invested in a set of civic stakeholders, that's a challenge. they do that quite well in blending forms of capital and then sharing ownership over the transactions. >> eric? >> i was reflecting on this panel, given that i was in the white house and now i've been working more in the kennedy underground, what are the things that if i knew then what i know now would be different -- >> tell me. >> hearing what you're doing sounds like you're on the right track, but one thing i think we do a lot in government that when you're on the ground, it becomes an issue is that we need to do

more doing and less planning. not to say planning is a problem, but if you go into these communities they have 50 plans and every are some new group is coming to do a plan. this is going to announce a new plan. they feel that they are essentially plan all the time with nothing ever happened. it actually is a negative from a community perspective because it creates disillusionment. it makes people feel that if anything at what we're going to do but nothing ever comes of it together think that sometimes not to say that we should be doing planning but the balance needs to be maybe tilted a little bit where you're starting to do things, try things like what can make an investment in whatever. >> applied research. >> so that's one thing that i think is very important. a second thing we did that sounds like you're actually figured this out is that we spent a lot of time focusing on

the city's to urban policy strategy and connecticut how we can work with cities, give them ideas, give them resources. i don't think we did enough to get the institutions and the organizations with resources and fall. in reality all cities are broke for the most part are most states are brokered the federal government is always struggling. so if you don't get the private sector or cdfi universities who have resources, not just to invest but you see that investing in community is also in their interest that it's good for the city good for the economy. inequity make things happen because there so many ideas but there's no money to ever do this stuff. you have to bring those people more and more into the game. the last thing i would say is that we also focus a lot on the

capacity of cities but not nearly enough on the capacity in neighborhoods. one of the clearest things i saw when i went to chicago is that you have some neighborhoods with strong leadershileadershi p and strong capacity, they get all the money, they get all the resources. at the foundation wants to give to them. you have some neighborhoods that don't have any of that and they get nothing. because people want to get to places they know can execute. if you don't have the fabric of whole neighborhoods and communities that are cut out. i think we should have and i would encourage my brothers keeper and other initiatives to refocus other initiatives to focus on how you can build the capacity and infrastructure in community that you strong well-organized, well functioning strategic organizations that can do stuff. and then you can work through them to make things happen. >> michael, i'm going, i'm sure you have a lot of lessons want to get but i really wanted to talk about scale. i think the one thing the folks

experience of a proactive things that were done under derricks leadership and all the other things is lots of pilots. you see a lot of programs that are funded one year, two, one year in testing this only a couple of places and walk into any city and there's five pilots on skills development and set on youth. the biggest question everyone wants, how to get to skippers i do think that's what they've been trying to figure out how they respond to that? any of the lessons you want speak with the social innovation fund is one of six programs across the obama administration like the program at the department of education and it's about proving, improving, scaling what works. it or ticket the conversation to scalia to talk about what works. as obsessed as they are with the

data, apple watchers and trip advisor and yelp come when it comes to a position that initiative is supposed to be the supreme court and safety nets we throw all that out the window. we keep investing in them because our grandparents started it or because it has a friendly member in the legislature, -- we

are making decisions with our hearts and holding money here and little money here and a little money here and we're not investing on the youthbuild of the world that have real meaningful evidence of impact. so that's a we tried to do what we're doing at the social innovation fund. so what we do come and to your point, eric we give real money. we make grants to foundations between one and $10 million. they are five year grants which is nothing another thing we don't like to do in philanthropy and sometimes in government invest in realizing this work is not overnight. five year grants one to $10 million to you. at grantmakers match that ended in a helpless to find evidence-based nonprofits across the country but also match it with corporate dollars philanthropic dollars, all sorts of nonfederal dollars. you are tripling the federal federal investment. we then do two things. they use the money to improve their model. so they might have a pre- or

post-test that shows 50% of the kids lead here and going to college but it may be a bit more anecdotal or lower level of evidence. we let them spend 40% of the budget to work with research institutions to really prove out that model. at the end of their social innovation fund funding they can go and say we know we have real evidence, we have gaza connections that this works. and then at the same time while we are researching and testing and planning we're getting real money to scale. we have organizations like a national college advising the core and you us by a pentagon from handful of sites to dozens of sites across the country because they can use these real dollars to help scale them up. those are the types of things we think are important to scale, and scaling takes on a couple of different forms. some people think about we're going to take this model and

mcdonald's it and we are going to be in a million places. but sometimes scale is taking a model and sharing it saying here's what works, you take it and run with it. the last thing i would say this is interesting in the case of bam. everybody loves bam. but they're really about smart growth after the president visits with his young people, we're getting dozens of calls a day from all over the world bring bam here and tried once more he said when he did shore up our model first but when you to make sure chicago is secure the funding is coming in because sometimes when you get famous people think you're all set and stop writing checks. they had to focus on their first market before they can go anywhere else. and now several years in they are just thinking about the first replication. on that point, teach for america, what they did because there in a similar problem they greater a whole separate you

know teach for all that was not helping to do some of this has to. so it didn't distract their core growth. >> it's your turn. questions, lots. i'm going to take two at a time introduce yourself. let's take these over here. these two gentlemen. >> thank you. larry chuckle. i'd like to piggyback onto what donald and. said about what keeps a lot of these communities down. i think donald mentioned payday lenders and there's also predatory lending involving credit card debt. but is also government tax foreclosure policies assembly can lose the house for a few hundred bucks. i think this policy that needs to be implemented here, i would call this cannibalistic capitalism where we are eating our own. i don't want people making money but not on someone else's back. i can understand why these communities feel disenfranchised. can we talk about how these

policies can be changed? thank you. >> a couple of the issues or assets don talked all of it about help. freddie gray was poisoned or he had elevated blood levels over 20. how do we have interventions early on? older adults as an anchor resource in these communities. [inaudible] is that better? older adults as an anchor resource. side we keep older adults in the resident as leaders. i want to hear some others views. >> we will try to keep the comments of shorts we can get to other questions. >> on the matter of the first question, we worked pretty

extensively with philadelphia on the foreclosure court system and we found that contested eight years late and to be quite effective preserve assets. i do know is that system is relevant to public sector leans. they may start that process. that was really about bankers been to accelerate but our policy recommendations that have been studied in a couple of places for the foreclosure crisis that i think could speak to that manage policy recommendations. municipal or county level policy recommendations. >> let me go to the second question just on the lead poisoning. you are right there was a survey of prisons and a lot of people that were in prisons had elevated lead levels. there is a tremendous amount positive better than done by healthy homes. enterprise had one unit that was spun off government look at that issue. there's another unit in fact

base in baltimore the country on green and healthy housing initiatives that's doing terrific work on that. at and factual -- and in fact you will find it doesn't solve for those of the cases that you see the incidence of lead poisoning of kids is way down. it's not perfect but from what it was before. so that's one of the things we're really positive progress is being made and in that model is being shared across the country to get at this issue. this is an elemental issue of lead poisoning. >> talk about the role of adults. >> also another example of how communities are economically cannibalizing their citizens. something that has come up a lot these young people are coming to our programs and the reaching

adulthood already in debt. why are they already indebted? because energy costs are so high keeping them warm and the lights on, and paying rent and feeding her children gets to a point where it gets cut off in mom and dad's name. it's been turned on in want of the children's name. at the time they turn 18 and a time for them to establish credit and be an adult they cannot so they're having to repair the. this is way more common than you would think. now communities that cannot afford to go green to turn to sustainable energy are going to face surcharges, higher energy costs. it's another layer that adds to that poverty. the role of caring adults. none of anything new that we tried to implement is going to work if the young people don't believe that we care about them. if they don't believe that we are approaching this with the

deep and profound respect for who they are and there is a role for adults. my young people to talk about, whenever for for themselves to the or another staff person, they say my mentor my case manager. later on, my friend. i felt the impact of a loving and kind of open ocean and to realize how important it is. i realized that the day i started referring to them not as a young people but my young people. many graduates, my friends, my brothers. it's important we see this as not something that's detached from us but something that is connected to our collective well being. we have the courage to care. we have had the courage to engage to value the diversity of experience and just let them know that we care about them. that's why we are doing this. >> wilderness and going to keep the questions a tight so let's take these two and i think we have -- okay.

>> yes good morning. thank you very much. i'm not a think tank person but i lived in baltimore with friends on and off for almost a year and it took local buses and i saw the whole city. for the think tank people in the room and the people up here first of all i would suggest that you know how much a quart of milk costs in some of these neighborhoods and how far you need to go to get it. and expiration date and made a couple of other products, and rent. because there is this concept out there that people live in poverty to live cheap. and in my experience particularly in baltimore, if you're poor and your in a predominately black neighborhood neighborhood, doctor access to milk is going to have a low expiration date and it's going to be expensive. because 7-eleven and cvs are

your grocery stores. so i think floodlight you to respond to the need for people to understand living in poverty is not cheap living. >> laurence freeman, i worked at executive intelligence. i may resident of baltimore for over 40 years and my heart ached when i saw the burning that night. i think mr. harvey i think it is not right on the head. without jobs and economic development, these kids don't see a future. former congressman said the conditions are so bad in this area that it doesn't take much to set them off. even the baltimore does not have

the same profile as ferguson is or it does have economic problems. when i ran for me in 1983 i thought for reindustrialize asian the baltimore. we had a steel plant was shut down. we had a port. were capable of developing these communities using national federal credit programs -- >> what's the question? >> like franklin roosevelt that. we don't see this from bush for obama. former governor o'malley has raised building jobs come from the city and glass-steagall separation of thanks anything quick to answer the question. we really saw he raged the disparity in the city. >> this is a question from the webcast spent a question from twitter. the woman and disgusting and should like to the panelists thoughts on in equities in our schools and to improve k-12

education systems to grow baltimore. >> first on the food question, we were able to perform for the state of maryland low access to study for the state, identified the food deserts with the great specificity around a degree to which food dollars are migrating into the middle income neighborhoods. identify those neighborhoods and the state recently appropriate $1 million towards creating a fresh food access program. we have financed now to arthur grocery stores in baltimore, and there needs to be a lot more. >> i would add though on the point about how it's expensive to be poor it's expensive to be poor, also a lease in chicago there's a transportation issue as well because a lot of the neighborhoods in the poorest don't have the same kind of access to public transportation.

the cost, and to travel further to get to the jobs and whatnot. so it's another component of the cost that poor folks face that people don't often think about. i think that the food desert or the city is time to focus on that issue. we got the universe are going to work with a seat on some infrastructure things, particularly building on can we design that will get the obama presidential library and hope that will bring some of these kind of investment into the community that we haven't had in a while. >> i would just add -- >> just do one and then enter that i will go to other questions. >> just validating to put on transportation and secretary fox and the department of transportation are part of the task force and there's a lot of interesting work and we're seeing communities cut his tiger grants on making sure they are better transportation is. the our neighborhoods where there used to be jobs in the same neighborhood factory jobs

were your folks will income background. now have to go out and have not we are getting there. we are seeing investing ideas. the editing we don't think about in cities like d.c. or you have -- people are having to commute longer and that didn't expensive that they look at what kids are home alone for longer hours. this is certainly an issue that we're seeing communities qaeda tackle and address. >> but on the school peace i know both trf and bart talked about reforming and building charter schools in neighborhoods you're working. are those higher performing in these low income neighborhoods? >> we need a lot more than just charter schools. we need a whole continuum of experimentation. the henderson hopkins was built in our neighborhood where we are building. that's essentially a contract

school. it sits in between a eventual public school and a charter school and its design can edit took a heck of a lot of public and private resources to lift that off the ground. the bond issue that has since come out around rebuilding and refurbishing schools is essential money that often local jurisdictions lacking that's what had to be state money. baltimore could not have afforded that probably. there needs to be a whole continuum around this. it's also around alternative models have reached the population. >> in winchester we took public schools and have an agreement with the mayor as to what could and couldn't be done within the union structure and really moved the needle on them. we took the teachers invested in the end of principles show

them examples of that work, brought the backing. we ran afoul of the union transferring out our principles after we had fully educated him to go start all over again. they both quit went into the county because it was 24/7. there are lots of issues. thankfully there's lots of excrement vision that's going on right now and deceit in new york, in other places and in new orleans is the biggest example. they just put everything up and started over again. so there's hope there but it's not easy. and the final thing i'll say on this is we watched our k-8 went to high school that we couldn't control and we lost a lot of that investment has been in a very nurturing environment and then they ended up in something which was out of control. so we had to go to alternative schools, since into alternative

schools. it's a hard long-term continuum you're dealing with. just to the jobs issue real quickly. i often thought that there has to be, if you take a real need in the country infrastructure, bridges and everything else, if you do that you hopefully can do something that may not be the most efficient but that is the most effective for getting people to apprentice in work and be able to be part of a program that is not shovel-ready but is longer-term that is aimed at integrating jobs that go all the way down to our cities for the kids have been left out of it and can be trained for it. the problem with job training that we ran across was people got trained and there wasn't a job.

and read jennifer's report, it's terrific on this. how to connect to the new economy of baltimore. it's a terrific report spent we will have time for three more questions. we've got to raise in real life. so we're going to go with sandy. i think this gentleman had his hand up. i'm going to go over -- you have also had your hand up for a while. let's duties of three. you can have your questions have arisen want to keep your questions at a. >> sandy, baltimore. what are two or three game changers and business can initiate both at the local level and national businesses that would actually have a major dent in the problem? i am thinking, for example in chicago of the internal revolution of whole foods is

going through to change its business model to enter inglewood. and anything like that. >> great. >> looking at the intersection regarding jobs anwar -- >> introduce yourself. >> i'm president of the partners of the americas. we work on the americas on this initiative, also chairman of the board of a company in essex maryland baltimore the tires 153 youth. we are working with whole foods on the food desert issue. but look the issues the reform of the penal system. what it does to create fear isolation and lack of trust that we talked a lot about the connectivity issue that we need but there are always disconnected. they show up and they all have felony offenses. and because, look, the first thing is lower your risk.

these are high risk youth. why would we take this risk? you have to. but who's working on tino reform? >> i can just say one -- >> and we hold? i think there's a lot of comments to that question. i think this gentleman in the back and then we'll take this one more. >> dave two quick questions. what is the connection between nutrition and community develop and. my wife works at hhs a sheep inhabit on about this connection for the last five years. i did not any discussion of urban farming committee gardens. we are working in pittsburgh with a group of community gardens in neighborhoods so kids not only grow their own food and eat their own food but sell their own food at farmers markets and to learn business skills. the second issue is a leadership issue. pittsburgh again went to a lot of work has a program modeled

after the harlem children's village. and as i said to the director of that, these kids come if you get into graduate from high school and even getting into college, when they graduate do not coming back to home would and hazlewood and some of these other communities. how do we keep the leadership, the young leadership in those communities? >> thanks. i'm debbie goldberg. we've had a lot of conversations about jobs and income. women talk about wealth. there's a huge wealth gap in this country a huge racial wealth gap as a research that a college graduate academic and college graduate has less wealth on average than white high school dropout. i may not have it exactly right but that was the gist of it. we have decades worth of government policies that have helped to create this wealth gap. it's a gap that needs to change

the think about future prosperity economic security. how do we get over this huge gap? my second thing will quick is a lot of this conversation has been a systemic issues which i think is really really aboard but it's hard to connect back to their zip code we start at the beginning. doesn't seem like it might fit in his conversation but i think it's trying to connect some of these different structures and these different systems and streams that work at the neighborhood level. i guess i'm interested in whether you thoughts on how this regulation might be a to help address these problems at the neighborhood level? >> okay. so let me remind you of the topics. business model criminal justice reform or criminal records of these young adults, healthy food and farming leadership retention, wealth gap housing stickiness to neighbors. if you can all be taken with the

most to address those and then we will wrap up. >> i would like to speak to criminal justice. i'll give you the experience of me working in the program. over 50% of young people entering and the program i forget were involved in the criminal justice system to everything from being on probation, a misdemeanor to felony offenses. whether policies, where the federal and state laws said they could be employed, it was hard to work around. we are bringing awareness to this, to a young people, to our programs. youthbuild u.s.a. contained a group of amazing dynamic lead compound number of groups internal, but a national group of young leaders that are graduates of 11 other national youth development organizations like national gateway to

college. and many more. jobs for the future. they put together a set of recommendations and i'm kicking myself and have right now for not bring a copy with me. it's the national council of young leaders recommendations for increasing opportunity decreasing poverty in america. they are recommendation of our criminal justice reform. these are coming from young people from across sector group not just from youth but from young people coming from all communities. their current and former opportunity is and that our seniors what needs to be done. so i highly recommend that you joined google the national council of yonkers and the recommendations to increase opportunity and decreased -- >> just to add onto that. winchester has sort of a prison u connection and it has a large number of ex-offenders but we ran into one problem after

there an automatic exclude agenda. by maryland law. sabbatical all the way back into the role the present system et cetera to try to find a job and a mentor, very expensive very long-term. it was one of our biggest issues. it remains a huge issue. getting it changed which we attempted for many years is very very difficult. because it's a sound bite for any politician. >> i would jump on two quick issues. just on the crime what i do want to say is there's another issue that's very prevalent. i did know that much about it. you all day but the cook county president when she got there she looked through the budget in the jails. should look at the data and it showed that first, the vast

majority of the offenses were nonviolent but was more surprising was 80% or something like that of the people in jail have not even been convicted. they were awaiting trial. so she said, you know you have a huge number of people sitting there. maybe they did, maybe they didn't do it but they can't afford a bond. they can't pay to get out and those of resources, they don't sit in jail. so she's taken policies working with the court system, working with the state attorney to try and reduce the number of people who are waiting trial sitting in jail and prison where it's very costly and as these impacts on the family and the community. >> so on a game changer obviously whole foods coming into inglewood, in inglewood is one of the most challenged communities in the city of chicago. that has been a game changer for

that energy come actually spawned a lot of other investments coming in as whole foods often does. i know they can change i think is what i talked about earlier which is that coalition of large institutions that we form in chicago that is now invested in the neighborhood. we haven't got to get but we talked to some folks in cleveland and a couple at the university circle, whatever they call it. they create a partnership with baxters. they got action to build a major facility in the distressed neighborhood which had a physical presence creating a couple hundred jobs, and the way they can't then did it was that guaranteed them a long-term contract. when you can get that kind of collective, between all the institutions you are talking billions of dollars we spend collectively. if you can get that and use their influence on the people that serve us, i think it has real game changing potential and the mayor has been a big

supporter of it. >> i think we have to realize there's an economic imperative and we're beginning to see that shift. this is across the courage. is something like 69 kids that are disconnected from school and work. you just can't have that. we can't be globally competitive. a couple game changing things were saying, one is this i give second chances are the president talks all the time about the mistakes of youth should not be factors for the rest of your life. one thing we're seeing around the country as this idea banning the box. almost every single job we have to fill out an evocation you have to check that box and whether not you've been arrested for give had a felony conviction. the are almost 65 million americans that would have to check that box. data shows there is a difference for some of these jobs. so what we are seeing across a country is companies like wal-mart by getting rid of that box in the earliest phases so that lisa bring these folks in

the independent, see if there's a skill set before they get to this kind of background check and see what's happening. the other thing on this idea from kids are disconnected is we have tried introducing organizations like jpmorgan chase making this a core part of the recruitment practice where they are bringing in young kids in their new york office from their sophomore years and trainees in an getting to mentors and followed them and working with them getting into college and bring them back with some experience is so they're making sure they're preparing the workforce of the future. is going to have to be more on forgiveness i think and second chances but also an affirmative action oriented effort to make sure we are hiring these young people and giving them the skills they may not have learned to make sure they're going to be a part of our workforce. >> i want you to jump in on both counts maybe or any other topics. >> the wealth question pops up

and then the income question pops up in unlikely to criticize a two-dimensional picture for not being three-dimensional. we're talking about policies that affect the needle, and the needle in a snapshot photograph as income and in a time series we hope others will. to our programs silos programmatic limits which prohibit wealth accumulation by not activating the market by not letting neighbors share in the appreciation. it may build wealth for household if the bank this affordable. it will not build wealth and a spillover effect because it never participates in the marketplace. the are a number of policies to change around wealth commonwealth is a very legitimate thing to study. it's an appropriate needle to look at but it is a time series longitudinal at the challenge is nobody else's be longitudinal. it's a real challenge.

>> i would go back to sandy on one quick one, starbucks is an interesting issue of somebody that is worth taking it upon themselvesthemselves and us to intercede to say you'll get something after by standing up and being there. i know you are youthbuild. >> it's about creating the jobs but also investing in the training and development. so starbucks has been working with youthbuild programs, customer service to provide the barista café and gideon person. they not the skills to work at a starbucks, move up into management window the great benefits of working at a starbucks come with a starbucks the college reimbursement et cetera. starbucks is committed recently to hiring 10,000 opportunity used. wal-mart has worked with youthbuild to provide funding to programs are working on health careers, exposure and training. and jpmorgan chase as well as

working with programs around very focused career readiness training. it's about creating the jobs but also investing in training and give him a double prepared young people for these jobs. >> we knew he could not boil the entire entire osha poverty in a two-hour session, but i think what you heard was a lot of energy and commitment and leadership in committees around the country to not give up. so please join me and thanking our there's a really dynamic discussion. [applause] >> thanks again for joining us, and please have a great day. [inaudible conversations]

>> later today a look at the u.s. military's role in fighting ebola in west africa. analyst will export the defense department medical research as well as the work on the ground. live coverage at 2:00 eastern time on c-span. tonight booktv is in prime time with a lineup of book discussions focusing on economics. >> number booktv will cover both festivals from around the country and top nonfiction authors and books.

>> a three-judge panel the fourth circuit court of appeals in richmond the journal -- richmond, virginia. the court is considering two points the first is whether the definition of official acts was overly broad and second, if prospective jurors were properly question on whether they were influenced by the me just betrayal of the case. macdonell and his wife were convicted of corruption last

september for the second one of $77,000 in gifts, luxury items and loans from former star scientific ceo johnny williams commonwealth of virginia businessmen who wanted them to help promote his dietary supplement business. >> good morning. please be seated. we are happy to your argument better first case number 15-4019, united states versus mcdonnell. council, before you begin i want to reiterate that we been very generous with the time both in the breeze and the oral argument. we expect you all to honor that generosity by directly answering the questions and speed limits we've set up there with that in mind mr. francisco? >> thankthank you your honor. judge motz may please the

court. under the government's broad theory if governor mcdonnell silly set up a meeting answered answer the question or indeed even pose for a photograph with the johnny williams without asking anyone to do anything specific, he committed a crime. as they brought an unprecedented amicus briefs made clear no ever thought that was the law. if it were true it would give prosecutors broad license to pick and choose their targets from amongst virtually every elected official in america. edition court compounded that through a series of rulings in uniform against the governor. including refusing to ask perspective just the most basic question have you formed an opinion about the governor's guilt or innocence based on your exposure to pretrial blessed? by refusing to sever his wife's trial and even refusing to allow the governor to cling to the jury the full scope of johnny williams unprecedented triple energy agreement -- >> in the jury instruction, the

most important argument is probably to be sure we get to what you regard as the most persuasive argument. >> yes your honor. our most important item is the official document which encompasses efficiency challenge and a sentencing challenge. our second most important issue which i also like to get is the issue of pretrial publicity. turning to the official that question which goes to the heart of our case. in order to engage in official acts a government official must make or purchase of else to make a specific decision on behalf of -- the line is between access on the one hand and advocating for a specific decision on the other. here governor mcdonnell never crossed that line and the jury was never even told that that line for any of the line even existed. take for example, the health care leaders recession. one of the charged official acts. it was nothing more of a cocktail party at which no

business was discussed, no decisions were made the that can possibly be an official act. the same was uzbek to the meeting with ms. costello. it's your daily testified in this case other than attending the meeting, governor mcdonnell never asked her to do anything which is why she felt completely empowered as soon as the meeting was over space it sounds like you're actually arguing the facts to a jury. one interested in is what the jury instruction was that you wanted, was a correct statement of the law, i was not substantially covered and then a third compound was so important that the failure to give it needs to be reversed. >> yes your honor. the jury instruction we requested funds on page 753 of the joint appendix. we believe what they did and what instruction that was charged did not do was -- >> what's your instruction on official acts speak with yes,

your honor. explain what official acts were ended when one official acts were not. here the key flaw in the instructions of the court actually gave was that they swept in both lawful and unlawful conduct the district court instructed the jury that -- >> the government makes it has to be looked at in context to figure whether it's lawful or unlawful. >> i would completely agree with that. in the context of this case -- >> context of the thoughts what's going on. then we have to look at them as you know in the light most favorable to the government. >> yes. >> because they prevail with the jury. >> when it comes to evaluating whether the sufficiency challenge is quick. know when it comes to evaluating whether the instruction or reversible error. on the instructions, on the efficiency needed to evidence and those fabled light to the come and we've submit even taking it in light most favorable to the government, not

of the governors conduct crosses the line. on instructions in context these instructions were fatally overbroad because they instructed the jury do virtually anything a government official does in his official capacity including every step towards achieving an end constitutes official governmental action. >> no that's not quite right because in the beginning of your instructions, the act has to be on a question or matter or cause pending before the official. >> yes, your honor. the supreme court -- >> so it has to of that. it has to be that connection. >> except the supreme court made clear that when you quote of the statute that's insufficient when you go on to give it an expensive gloss. >> well, yes if you do give it an expensive gloss, and he seems to me that your instruction on 753 did precisely that. i gave it an expensive gloss. >> i don't think so at all because our instruction is a series of limitations, ma all of which the district court

rejected. the district court told the jury that they encompassed also practice including every step towards achieving an end spent i thought it said could. >> it says it includes. but even if you -- >> there were a series of things you object to that edition court instructed. it could include this comment could include that. as i thought i understood your argument that was that there wasn't any countervailing instruction that it didn't include district is about the gist of your argument because yes both of those arguments. we are making both of those arguments. if you take instruction on its face facial overbroad. ..

and i'm quoting from our instruction to factor in activity is a routine activity or settled practice as an office holder alone did not make an official act in the district court refused to impose any limits on otherwise instruction. here's another way. attending an event or making a speech alone an official acting and if they are settled with the crystals based on citizens united and comes out