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tv   Key Capitol Hill Hearings  CSPAN  August 26, 2015 6:00am-8:01am EDT

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>> right. >> they are going make this work. >> when you talk about a broad-base group, there's one or two people that wake up every morning and say that we now have this infrastructure in the city no no one else has. we have a head-start. we have to take advantage of it. it's a resless innovation spirit and if we don't do this, other countries are going to do this. singapore, correspondence --
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korea. the other thing that i'm saying -- [laughs] [inaudible] >> there are often developers that know how to do this. >> a question. >> yeah, go ahead. thank you. [applause] >> we are going to talk about what's actually going on in the service. joining us is kelly sullivan. we are working together and they did a great job of working with us and putting us together. let me introduce kelli sullivan with the u.s. postal service.
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you want to walk around. >> you want to use this? we're flexible. we can do whatever you want. we are here to make you happy. >> that's my job. >> all of you are customers. good morning. so we were having a conversation about whether i wanted to be loud or how i wanted to do this morning because it's not the opportunity for the postal service to standstill so fer give me if i wander in the conversation. i brought you only two slides today, so i'm going to watch you as i'm talking and see if we can get a conversation going. i believe all of you are
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customers. anyone received mail yesterday? anyone received a package on a sunday? a few of us. that very package delivery is an example of the internet of things or internet of postal things in work. united states postal service traditionally would come to your home five, six days, depending on what's going on. this advent of 7-day delivery is truly around taking advantage of the internet of things. i mentioned two slides. this is the first one. united states postal service has over 250,000 mobile devices, with that comes tremendous data. we are responsible, every single
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package, every single is tracked to your home. the mobile devices are going to allow the letter carriers to rewrite a package in the middle of transit to you. you can say i'm not going to be home. those devices will ep -- enable us to do that. also support connect.gov. it's a great pleasure to be part of that. united states postal service is also looking for what we can do for our federal agency partners to bring together new products.
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connect.gov can do that. again, we are connecting, we are starting with our own internet of things with our postal service with delivery devices and we are moving into consumer space. anyone in the room wearing a tracker of any sort today? google app. i probably have four. they're back in my purse. i have three with me up here. everyone us have at least two device that is we knowingly and willingly submitted on to be tracked on. maybe a free tracker, some of
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us. the gps from your morning run. if we continue enable to be tracked think about how useful that is for the united states postal service or the cable company. right now we are expecting all of us to have them serve us better. think about what your data can do to help serve this federal space as well as better product offered. so for the postal service i mentioned us trying to deliver to you. say you have a special delivery of your new iphone and you asked me to deliver it at your building and it needs to be signed. think with me for a moment. you're -- a letter carrier
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coming to you but you're not there. if you're at the coffee shop around the corner, you can turn around and pick up to make sure you receive the item or you can alert us so that you can actually have the admin in your office sign that off. we are not far from those things now. currently we cannot do allow to waive signature and provide a signature electronically online. as we play these things forward and you become more connected as -- to the mail stream, it enables where you can even
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imagine. we decide this is actually an opportunity for us to create efficiencies to continue our processing and those are the areas that we have the opportunity to focus on and to grow. maybe it'll only be one slide today. there we go. the postal service has over 40,000 retail locations. we have one of the largest retail footprints of anyone. with that comes around 3,000 mobile point of sale devices. have any of you been to the post office? have you went to buy stamps? [laughs] >> maybe you had this mail package. it's very important for us to try to continue to in the
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process of streamline the process not the affect the customer sisfaction. our goal is to serve you very well nowing that it's not your favorite place to b. have you ever notice the line developing in the post office and someone will come away and walk into the lobby and begin to serve people. more and more as we establish internet connected devices in the postal service we will take that even further out. it looks just like your iphone, we call it mobile point of sales and they will transact with you and improve the customer satisfaction. we've taken those into the parking lot.
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maybe some of you have filed your taxes a little late this year. a few of us. they'll actually be out there and getting those postmarked put on your items at that point in time so there's not a delay in processing. if you came to the post office and it was 11:58 you are still going to get credit for putting on time. the next thing you are going to see next year from us as we expand more mobile transactions, we also realized that core to that is knowing who you are. our job is to create the digital reflection of everything that happens in the physical mail today, then, what do we know more than anything in the world of physical today. i know who you are and i know where you live. those are the two key pieces
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that we need. so if we can play that forward and allow you to have that same level of confidence in the digital space as you do in the physical and who it is you're interesting with and what the contents are truly, an item that's not been opened or tampered when you get your first-class mail, that it's been sealed. that's all very important to us. if your mail comes back to you and it's open, what's the first thing that we do? you typically think for a moment what is in here or what might not be here any longer. as we create that same level of protection and security of the content that you're receiving, in the digital space things like electronic postmark service, you are going to see us revitalized and you'll see a lot of unique
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inagain -- so the postal service is going to enage -- engage the community to grow the initiatives. so we are creating identity with the work with connect.gov or take service that will be available for folks to integrate in their own solution and take items and postmark them so you have content and you'll know that it's sealed just so as it has been sealed and transmitted through a secure network to your end point. so again, is what we call at the postal service a digital reflection. that's the work that we are working on on your behalf as
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your customers. we are a fairly large organization that does have a wide range of impact, so again, just to walk back through it, our goal is to continue to offer assistance of america, enhance services by the postal service and to facilitate the secure electronic communications through other agencies as well as the public sector, and we're going to do that leveraging in all of our assets that we have in place, all 600,000 employees, over 40,000 retail locations and 39petabytes of data that we are collecting and use it in the postal service.
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okay. any questions? yes. sorry. [inaudible conversations] >> he's try to go get his extra -- >> okay. hi. 600,000 employees postal service is labor intensive. a lot of what you're talking about will affect the way you do business and the people that you employ, working with the union to think about the workforce? >> great point. really what we are working to do is find new ways to leverage that same employment base. we want to find extensions to the work that we are doing. for example, scenarios that we are working on with the gsa
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providing a identity for the american public, afters a proofing component to that. if any of us have gotten -- any of us tsa prechecked? [laughs] >> in order to do that you had to present yourself in person about who you were. in order to take advantage of the personalized products as placing forward, you're going to need that service. the ones that are part of knowing you best. you'll begin us doing things in the fall. this area in particular you'll see roll out first. if you go online and want to take advantage on the pilot program that's out there, it
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allows you to get information that's coming in the mail to you, you'll see images of the mail pieces. it's pretty interesting, if anyone lives around here if you want to try. in order to take advantage of it you have to provide information of who you have and identity, some of us may not be able to do that online. that's when they -- if you ever had knowledge-based questions asked of you, tell me what street you lived at, what's the closest intersection of your house, how much is your mortgage, things like that. if you fall out of that process, what happens to you? you can be the take advantage of our service. upgrade your account and identity and then in time that you could call for that letter carrier to come to your home and complete the transaction for you. that will have a tremendous
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amount of interest and potentially other federal agencies as we move forward. i think the work that we will do will change. >> it's much larger than that. i know that won't come to you as a complete shock to you. >> i have my government sticker. does anyone have any of those? >> and it generally seems like people -- as long as we can keep doing things the same way as we have been. how do you get people to move into this phase where their work is changing, how they deal with the postal service if it freaks us out? >> it's a great point. i think and our department is a great example of that even as a
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postal service. we were created a sink tank in an r b -- r and d. we were going to change things and do them differently and we have to invest in vance and help them be part of that vision state. i think big part of it frankly is the marketing component of it. you need to bring everyone along on that journey with you so that they are invested in the process . >> we are going to have more time for questions. i know some of you are sitting in your hands and i won't let that happen. so we will do that a little bit later. thank you, kelli. >> thank you. [applause] >> lets continue and let me bring up -- oh.
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all right. walker white. he is the president of b dna and he's right there. thank you very much. >> sure. [laughs] >> good morning, everybody, my name is walker white. b & a, just a backdrop, we provide it data, hardware and software, purchases of hardware and software. so why are we here today, because the patent that b & a officers for in customers in it we are already doing in the medical device phase and pilots for other commercial in the
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space. all three of those companies are b & a customers today. basically we provide the data you need to do it, basically. cleaned up data. i'm a little bit pragmatic person and so ten minutes is not a long time to give a talk and a picture is worth a thousand words. it's mostly pictures i'm going to go with. i was in toronto about two weeks and my laptop broke, you know how they're made, the plastic is jammed together, so i needed a knife. i was like i'll go downstairs and get a knife. i went outside in the hotel
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room, right across from me a guy put autre on it and there was a knife, i'll just grab the knife there. he comes out the door and go down the gym, so this picture did not tell the story that i was hoping it would tell, and i was reaching for his tray of half eaten food and didn't come across well. so anyway, we'll jump into the pictures here. history is a very valuable teacher if we were willing to take the lessons of history. all of you are familiar with the adoption curves of technology. we see it certainly in the areas of facebook and cell phone adoption. these curves have existed for a long time whether it's radio television, color tvs, vcrs, it's remarkable the rate of adoption for new technologies. but in the little dirty little
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secret of organizations that need to manage very rapidly, the management seems to lag behind the adoption curve and you get a picture that looks a little bit like this where they'll rush to bring in new technologies or keep control of the environment, we see the most recently where it got out of the lab before everyone ever expected it to. huge cost inside organizations while saving people a lot of money but introducing a whole new set of things. and the things in the gap with our ability to adopt that, were really presented with three primary things we run into. one of them is of course, risk. security risk, risk of the environment, business operation al on.
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they probably read about it. someone drove. i think what's great about that is actually that when i get pulled over next time, i'll be like it wasn't me. [laughs] >> it's just some guys in pa -- pajamas. it wasn't me. we don't tend the realize the benefits of the systems and the ultimately it introduces a net new stream of costs and management earlier about the united states, one of the risks in the internet of things is we have huge tails we are dragging behind us, the legacy of hardware and systems and skills and if you look over -- my daughter was in thailand this
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year, she was amazed when she was at primary cities where she couldn't get that in san francisco. she was like, what's going on here. i said. not my job, sweetheart. i love new technology but pragmatically there's a very large gap between our ability to bring up stuff in and i really do control and manage it. so i suggest, though, that there's a middle ground. it's -- as dan castro said earlier, the internet of things equal better data and better data, better decisions. it's literally the business we are in and the way that we make better decisions about this is
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by just starting to understand that. right, the first step in the process is what i would term measurement. forget about trying to manage it. how much is knowing what devices are there, right. step one. the first admit you have a problem, if you will. also you can't manage what you can't measure. you must be able to measure these things first, and this pattern basically -- it is a pattern that b & a utilizes in the purchase of software and hardware and it's the same to medical devices and internet of things. i have to be able to understand so i can make sense of it and associate with data about the sensor, the phone, the car, the coster, whatever the case might be so we can bring some sense of
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it. what this helps us to do is bridge that gap between the kind of rapid adoption of these technologies and our ability to manage it. it doesn't eliminate risk, but what it does do is reduces our risk because we have better information to make better decisions. we brought in all the sensors, devices have just security of some kind, how many do we have in the environment and what do we start doing about it. lets not start a fire unless we have something to burn. it will help us identify efficiencies. why is it that we are spending so much time lashing these things together? and finally, it helps us to control costs. not reduced cost but control costs. it's a very important step to get to the point where we can manage these devices, we are in
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a position to reduce risk, we are in a position to gain efficiency and reduce the cost. we want to take advantage of that steep cost curve and the best part of it is that steep adoption curve and it's also the bane of our existence. they clyde with one another. so that's kind of the middle ground, basically, i think from a very prague gnattic -- pragmatic standpoint we have want to be able to manage them but we have to measure the environments where we are today. so just a quick key, lets get started. first and foremost, one thing you cannot do is stick your head in the sand. who knows how long the i pad has been around? throw a number.
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ten. five years. it's only been five years sints the i pad was released. april 2010. think of your immediate reaction. i've always had this thing. it's not been that way. it's been five years. the curve is so steep. where is the i pad? it's ridiculous. if we don't it's, we will fall further and further behind the tail, the legacy that we drive with us is going to overwhelm us. we have to go forward. second thing, you have to start with a basics. you have to start with the basics of understanding what is in the environment, what you are bringing in. again, it's not a problem with the adoption of radios, maybe a
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handful of organizations do, but consumer devices, organizations, you know, the state of tennessee or as the u.s. postal service, you have a responsibility of a set of assets basically, internet connected assets which are your responsibility. you need to understand what they are and what are they doing and so on. not necessarily i am going to turn dales on them but understand what's in the environment. the last thing i will leave you here today to stay on time for my ten minutes is demand it works, right. and my point on this is -- if i could buy one thing for the next five years to make a ton of money and internet of things it will be snake oil, a ton of it is going to get sold, right. the -- the promises that are going to be made are going to be just stunning and and on those
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investments is going to be remarkably deep. so i think it is fair at this day in age with technologies the way they are, the way they can be adopted, that we don't be buying into system that is we just assume are going to work. i think it's absolutely necessary to demand of, and i say this from a commercial side side, that they can work and see them live and most importantly that you see them at scale. ..
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>> right, absolutely. i think the mindset -- i think it was bill wallace who said there's a natural curiosity and organizations nec in the leadership individuals of organizations which is a cultural element that wants to attack me to now achieve and take advantage of it. i also thought while i was a technologist for most of my career, it is something about far but now i weigh that against
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the aspects which is various real costs associated that there is a real change in dna and kelley will all give some ulcer that. it is a mindset come a cultural aspect. i'm not sure if it is something that can be embedded in the organization. [inaudible] >> -- thank you very much. it is not a name from a comic book. where are you, chris? over here. come on, chris. you are getting wired. your name sounds like you could be in a comic book. a big data solutions --
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[inaudible] >> thank you. yes i am chris steele, chief solutions architect for software cheap government solutions. we are a spinoff of the german company and sure you've all heard of. we were set at two and a half years ago to do business with the federal government. and then i talked about some of the internet of things. first i'd like to throw this question out to all of you. where are you. terms of adoption? are you already busted and deployed or are you sort of maybe even the bottom or it's not relevant now but maybe it will be in the future. well, gardner did a poll and
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what they found out as we heard iop is early in the adoption phase, so we are just starting up the curve right now. what you need to access is where you are, where you want to be and what it is you want to do in the did you to prepare because like the ipad, this is another one of those technologies that will take off very fast and five, 10 years and somebody gets up on stage and asks the first time he you started doing something with int, you will be same 80s, 90s. maybe not. in terms specifically with agencies, what is the biggest fear out there? that is what we are seeing has attacked two different nations is across the board, we hear a
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lot of negotiations. there's a lot of good things because in some ways technology isn't there for that particular agency. other ways what we hear is people are waiting for somebody else to jump back. they keep asking us what the other agencies are doing, how they are doing it. a lot of hesitation. at some point, somebody will jump in and your agency needs to be ready to follow. that is what we will talk about today. first and foremost, the biggest thing we were talking about earlier was the adoption curve. what is the benefit? what is iot going to promise? if you look at response times, if you take a particular event, at to that event, the more data
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you have, the more knowledge, benefit, opportunity, you can prepare for it. if you think of something like 9/11, had we had more information up front, we could've had the opportunity to prevent that event. as they move closer to the event, the opera to do something about it decreases. after the event to have the reaction. if i'm able to respond quickly, i can alleviate the impact. we were able to get fire engineers. had the firefighters not been there, many more lives would have been lost. it's pretty easy to extrapolate how that curve works. it is the same on the other end.
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taking opportunity, knowing something up front cover and knowing which way the stock market is going to go i can move my investments and get a lot of benefit out of that. as we are going to see, and these reaction is i'm talking about, they continue to shrink. we have let someone time to react. what we find now is our technology is enabled to keep up. that is where the benefit of iot comes in. when i have the ability to buy sensors up there, to integrate data streams from all these different data sources to simultaneously correlate events happening within my not work,
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within the social media realm, within the external agencies and other departments. and i can bring that data together and be able to make sense of it and use it, i can get ahead of the curve. i could turn an event into an opportunity. i can reduce the facts. i've got a much quicker reaction time. overall, the benefit you how this improves jewish delaware news. when i put sensors out there, when i integrate the different data, i can start to see a bigger picture. i can understand more what is going on. i can be provided within my cybersecurity stance. i understand what is happening and i can lock in the sound. i can prevent things across the
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agencies and i will not name names, but we all know what's happening. combating fraud, waste and abuse. we see that more and more everywhere we turn. we see the side effects of all the waste of the insider threat, abuse. if we were able to tie the information and we had the information. we actually do. we don't do it in real time had been missing. think about being able to proactively be alerted that an employee's behavior has changed. he's starting to comment earlier. he stayed late on weekends. he's accessing systems doesn't normally access. we take and draw those data points together and you can dare to look into that and take
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action. finally overall, just achieve a more proactive stance. be able to take actions before something incurs. prevents an event from happening. now if you do all that, when we talk about iot, we all know that big data. that means lots and lots of sensors, lots of different data streams from different sources and being able to manage that, but not just managing it statically. you need to manage it in real time. how many out there have heard of it. that's a good amount yet how many of you are using it at your agency? that's great. that is a great first step is being able to analyze data data. you bring it in, put it on the
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filesystem and it pushes the data to compute resource is sent in a couple minutes a couple hours, couple days it gets you some answers that you wouldn't be able to get through traditional not maddox. although that is not really real time. as we move forward, that is not really good enough to start to take these proactive actions. we need to start thinking about technologies that allow us to solve this data in real time, to crunch millions and millions of transactions and correlate events across different data streams so i can see what is happening on the sensor, see what is happening in the social idiocy or how my brain all back together together to gain new insight. in order to do that, you need something that will allow you to
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process data in real time using something called streaming analytics. has anybody heard that word yet? it is about being able to ingest all of this data. so if you think about the data as sort of haystack flowing through the network and you try to pick out the pins in the following haystack, i don't have time to keep dumping it into a database to run the analysis and then go back and do it over and over again. i need to pinpoint those as they fly by and discover it. that is what streaming analytics is about. i won an architecture that is able to allow me to not all they ran the analysis on that, that gain insight. i need to provide a visualization capability that
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will allow me to see what is happening with the analytics, to proactively take action to do some predict of analytics. if i look a little to shovel to appear, it is because i ran for mcpherson square to hear because the matcher was late. it kept stopping. they've got sensors all along the same. the data is there. they could have provided it to me. i would have drove. i've still got a car so i could've went straight down sixth and sixth. i just didn't want a park. the point is that data is there. we just are processed in real time. we are not able to take advantage of that is what streaming analytics will tell us to do. if i can see that data can have a predictive capability to say
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the trend ahead of me was doing the same thing so i'm not going to just update for each station, five minutes later, so look out to my destination and say you are going to be really late today. better drive. so i am running out of time, but one of the things i want to leave you with it's just a couple more technical aspects to keep your ears open for comment things that you want to keep an eye on this in the forward. i know a lot of you are ready for iot, but as you do, it seems that make the processing evolve as data implementable or things like architecture. we need to get away from the traditional request response we have right now. most of our technologies based upon. it is not going to scale.
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those are going to allow us to scale. when a complex event processes. i don't know if a lot of you have heard of it. it is relatively new. it grew up in the high frequency trading market so when i look at millions and millions of transactions a second, we need to go in and grab the technology and use it here in our iot environment. in memory computing, another area. not that we get all the data and want to analyze it in real time, that means they've got to do it in memory. we can't go to the disk anymore. but to increase the amount of available memory for applications to process all the large data streams. a real-time analytics query language we need something that will allow us to run queries across the streaming data.
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as this comes than i want to look at time when does and say if event x happens in the event of why it happened within 30 seconds of each other and within one mile of each other, then do this and that will require new type knowledge he peered i want to be able to integrate. we went through the first phase over the last 10 years server started breaking down and integrating the data within our agents the so now we can talk within the agency and between various agencies. the next generation of integration will require us to integrate everything. i need to talk to twitter. i need to talk to facebook. i need to talk to the ocean void floating in the mid-landscape. i need to talk to your cell
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phone, your car, every thing. visualization. i need to visualize all of this. having that data is no good if i can't visualize and make sense of it in order to take part of action, i need to understand the data and therefore need to be able to see. a high-performance message request. anybody out there running an esb right now, doing some messaging? that is going to become the new norm. as we start to process different events, we need to move to technologies. again, they are not scalable enough to handle that. finally, some sort of bpm tool,
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a workflow engine that would allow me to take her faction. so, we are giving away from the point where humans can respond fast enough to these events. we need to automate them. we need intelligent workflow engines that can correlate all of these different events, and make decisions then take action. so maybe within a cybersecurity scenario, once i see different events as i see user access tried to log into the system and not just in the not distant and it was five consecutive failures across the board, i'm automatically going to shut down and lock them out. i am going to block that ip address that is coming from another country that keeps probing and not these different things. i need to do this in real time. what we are going to do as they might take proactive action. we might then therefore alert
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system administrator to come do an investigation. we can open up the ticket and do all the things we need to do to stay in compliance. the only way we can do that is through an intelligent tool that will automate all of those different capabilities. how am i doing on time? [inaudible] so with that, i would like to briefly open it up for questions. >> good morning. dwight bond, finance corporation. to me there's a big concern about the agencies themselves and it just occurred to me --
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[inaudible] they won't talk to the states or local municipalities. it seems like we haven't gotten past that. more data and my agency. the other agency can use the data to help. >> that is a great question. to broaden that out, why are we making more data available to the public in general? wiesenthal the matcher were integrated with google maps so when i go on their i know the matcher was faster than taking my car. we have taken the first step with david dark. we're making it available, but over the last year or two we've seen a decrease in the data going out there.
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those of you in agencies that do have the data that can be made open to the public, i encourage you to go back to your senior management and push it to get put out on data.gov so developers out there like me can go in and get our hands on it and make it useful. >> we are going to take a quick break. [applause] and allow us to band together. i will put the temperature of just a touch. when we come back, we'll be talking about the security implications here. without these things connected, what could possibly go wrong. i will talk about security implications as well. come back and bite 10 minutes. does that work? restaurants are that way.
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[inaudible conversations] as i said, i hate to interrupt the conversation. [inaudible] i forgot my book that i was going to give out. there you go. we are going to talk about -- we talked a lot about possibilities, what can happen and cool things that can go on and you also heard there's bad people out there and occasionally they do that things and for all the government people who now know all of your information. let's talk about how you at least have a mindset on how to protect yourself. i'm on the wrong page. mark is the act in direct their network resilience with the office of cybersecurity communications with the national
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protection and programs. [inaudible] >> thank you. i [inaudible] -- the second half of the business card. good morning. it's a bit chilly in here. okay, so basically one thing we do is talk about what they do and relationship and how we are supporting government agencies. we start identifying and mitigating threats. the focus today is really about the federal government.
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dhs actually support security asked tax. the private sector, critical economic sectors of the country, as the economy as well as state, local. so many things we talk about today are available via government agencies. so on the federal side, we take a look at how all the agencies are all interconnected in a different activity, strategic activity that basically the government has put in place. when i think about the presentation, the diagram and i'm not sure if you really want to wipe that out. that is fine. basically we have three circles and neck cavities currently
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involved with. these programs you are putting in place but the matcher x measuring success and the third is communication. communication from an awareness perspective, but awareness of a people, sharing of information. so the first part of the circle is this really weird protection that is supported by federal agencies. the first part of the program is a number of different programs since i've seen it 350 times so far. i [inaudible]
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the program can be mitigation. it has three different bases and basically it is serving a 98.7% of federal government. the first phase deals with focusing on closing the gaps in agencies with the asset management as well as primarily across the government, the agencies see those services very shortly in regards to having increased capacity to assess what are the devices on your not work -- network. i had the opportunity of working across 125 different agencies. basically one of the things that
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really resonated was there were a lot of folks do have a full understanding based on the threat. two of the cdm programs deal with people credentialing privileges, things of that nature and accelerating throughout the government primarily driven by activities that have occurred over the last couple of months. this will encourage and support agencies taking a look at how they will provide for their dedication to send cards and things of that nature. so that is an accelerated move quickly before the agencies. the third part is dealing with events. the phase that is new in regards to tool, center services and things of that nature.
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what is happening on the network, so you have what is on the network, but what is happening between the trust of india and trusted vehicle. that is well understood out there in terms of the programs. his three-part einstein. einstein was very focused on correct information. the second part is detecting it and third is watching it. so dpa or einstein accelerated for the urquhart is really looking at blocking the activities and we are in the process now of working with many agencies to have that in place. one in to us in the majority of federal government.
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the third one is our activity which is taking a look at consolidating our internet connections so basically you have a folder outside. so three of the primary programs ghs is involved, you address a key element to close the gaps as well as what is occurring. the second part is matcher x. it's great to have these things in place, but how are they and how do we encourage agencies to put additional controls and place and how are we administering bm pack. so there are several activities
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occurring. one is dealing with the cyberspring activity that all of these have initiated going back to the late june, july timeframe. in that, one of the things we observed as they can actually move rapidly over 35 years. but if you have the necessary support and understanding of what is going on in your environment, that it is important to do something. the cyberspring activity incorporated something different working groups, but the focus that came out of there that was being measured literally on a daily basis, daily calls to cios and on a monthly basis with death threats. so high

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