increase in anti-semitism in france. so after the recent murders of jews in france, the israeli prime minister encouraged french jews to immigrate to israel. given what you said about the stories of people who wished they had left germany in the 1930s, would you suggest that french jews move to israel? >> it's a very good question but there's a very great difference. the nazis were in control of the government. none of those extremists currently hold any position of authority in europe. and the governments are controlled by people who are elected democratically. that's the great difference. if any one of those governments

sanctioned, came into power and then sanctioned what we talked about, anti-semitism, then i would say to them get out. but at the moment it's a very, very strong government freedom against these people, and the french prime minister is married to which you. so he is very outspoken in his words against the extremists, and that's the very, very great difference that they don't have the backing of the government. >> anthony, thank you for your time. [applause] spin don't forget there's a book signing one level up. [inaudible conversations]

>> come up t debate on c-span2 n "the communicators" an interview with the ceo of the organization responsible for regulating the internet. than the pope's visit to philadelphia with remarks outside independence hall. in about an hour we take you live to the national -- she'll be talking about the agency's 50th anniversary and its future plans but it gets under way at 938 eastern. the u.n. general assembly hears from several world leaders to get their president obama addresses the organization at 10 a.m. eastern. soon after that he will be followed by leaders of china, russia --

>> c-span, great about america's cable companies 35 years ago and brought to you as a public service by your local cable or satellite provider. house of representatives fadi chehade is the president of the internet corporation for assigned names and numbers, which plays a large role in the governments of the internet and he is our guest this week on "the communicators." what is the current status of icann and its governance? >> guest: icann is a california nonprofit organization that is very much in a state of solid governance. we have a board that is elected by the community. and that board has been performing its functions for use with great transparency and accountability to its community. as a result of course of the

u.s. announcement that they plan to end their stewardship of icann, which was in business since the beginning of icann, we've been meeting with community members and having them on their own build consensus on what are the steps we could do to strengthen icann and strengthen its accountability. that effort is ongoing and has involved hundreds of people over almost two years now. from all over the world, and great, great results are starting to come out that frankly give me a good sense that we will soon have a set of new mechanisms and proposals that will further icann accountability and ensure that when the u.s. government in its historic role as our steward, the icann as an institution remains stable, resilient and

independent of any special interest or agendas. >> host: do you support the delay in turning over the governance over the oversight of icann? >> guest: we are and have been very -- it is more important to get this right than to do it quickly or to rush certain timeline. and, therefore, the delay that was agreed recently between the community ourselves and the u.s. government was designed to ensure that the committee has ample time to finish its work, to submitted to u.s. government, to give our u.s. government ample time to review, to look at it, to make sure we have the same consensus that our government and our congress has had unequivocally over the last few years on the strength and importance of this work in the multi-stakeholder model. we must ensure all that happens. and, finally, the any key on the

other proposal have the necessary timeframe to be implemented properly. so that before the u.s. and its stewardship, that we have agreements on a broad scale in the community and within our u.s. government, and elsewhere have implemented the necessary components to ensure that this proposal is a living proposal that is implemented before the u.n. government ends its stewardship. >> host: as enough there been some voices in congress who have not been supportive of the turnover to a multi-stakeholder oversight board. is the inevitable that icann will be governed or oversight by a multi-stakeholder board transferred i think the multi-stakeholder model and the multi-stakeholder approach is the one thing everyone agrees

on. our congress three years ago almost unanimously passed support for the multi-stakeholder approach as the right approach for internet government and for icann. therefore, the support for that model is unquestioned. what i think was important to this transition was to ensure that that model, especially without u.s. oversight, will withstand any pressures from anyone, any special interest or any special agenda from within the u.s. or outside the u.s., to actually usurp the wisdom of the community and the consensus of the multistate corporate community. but there was never a question whether this is the right model. the u.s. government cert i think that's a very, very important

backstop during the years of the formation and the strengthening of the multi-stakeholder model. now that the model is strong and then calls me of our key businesses, fiscal, at&t, microsoft in every major u.s. major company in every major global company that works very closely with our internet affairs is at the table. we have governments as well. with civil society. we have many of the groups, the technical groups. we have all of the players, the multi-stakeholder players at the table. and the u.s. government came to the conclusion that the model is now ready for it to show the world our belief and our commitment to this model. and the best way to do that is to let it go, just like most of us many times let go our children at a certain point. this is the point where this

government, the u.s. government, has come to the conclusion that we need to let go. and i must add that the house passed the dot com act again with great majority recently, supporting the multi-stakeholder model and, frankly, supporting the move forward with his transition. however, however, without proper safeguards that would ensure id and that no special interest within step in in some vacuum but rather safeguards and the assurances and the stress tests have all been visited and that's what we've been doing to ensure the model remains a safe after the u.s. stands it's historic. host of joint custody is britain. spent thanks, peter. mr. chehade, you mentioned the dot com act which is still in

congress which would allow this transition to go forward while giving congress a chance to review it. it passed the house but in the city of senator ted cruz has blocked from going to the floor over concerns of what this transition could mean and will be able to control the internet. what do you think of senator cruz's position on this in making t this stand and habitatn effect on the transition? >> directory the concerns any senator or any citizen of the internet has about the independence of its function and the insurance that no party can have control or capture capability over the multi-stakeholder approach that involves all the key players, including, including the continued role of our government and other governments. you are all going to stay, but

he's concerned are actually, frankly appreciated. many of us have the same concerns. i think where we may still have some small difference with a very small number of legislators is there been convinced that the assurances and the safeguards we have are sufficient. we believe that our and, in fact, most of the people who have been close to this incredibly important process, as i said, has involved every major u.s. company from cisco to at&t to verizon to microsoft, all of them are participating as well as mobile companies to ensure that this is a fair model that allows for true independence and great of possible capture. so we have some more work to do with a very small number of

legislatures and will continue to do it. and i am confident, very confident that when they see the fullness of the proposal the community has built from the bottom up through consensus they will agree with us that we have looked at every possible scenario and remain confident that as the u.s. exits from its unique historic role, the model that they built, the model that u.s. government has supported through multiple administrations, democrats and republicans over many years, that model stands. and if i could, brandon, just add, this is important for icann is also important for the broader discussion of the internet governance. there are many, many issues of internet governance that remain to be addressed. and we hope that icann success

in chilling that they private sector led multi-stakeholder model can actually achieve success as we have for many years without the stewardship of one particular party, actually that's a signal about the strength of this model as potentially a reference model to solve the many issues that still need to be addressed, that are beyond icann but in the broader sphere of internet governance. >> do you have concerned whether some of the more authoritarian regimes might try to come to think of three of concern they might try digging our through some other bodies like the united nations? >> guest: i think that ship has sailed. in the sense the agreements of the many governments around the

world that icann as an institution with the multi-stakeholder model is the place to address these key internet resources is now established. and i think this is a great, a great basis upon which to deal more comfortable with where we are today. and allocate you several examples. freshman i'll give you several examples. only in late 2013, we had some very clear signals that brazil, for example, wanted to see more of the dialogue on internet governance and more of the management of our affairs move into a human boat. well since then that has been completely we addressed openly by the president of brazil multiple times and the brazilian government has indicated its support for the

multi-stakeholder model and for icann. subsequent to that, china made a remarkable announcement at the icann meeting in london in jun june 2014 in which the most senior chinese government official reporting to the president on those matters came to the icann meeting and made an announcement that supported icann's role in the consensus model by which we reach decisions in icann. this is quite an important change to our affairs. and then most recently at the recent icann meeting in buenos aires in june of this year, the new indian government representative, the minister of telecommunications of india, announced that our meeting in a very important video message that india also supports icann

and its multi-stakeholder model. so here you have just three examples of major governments that have now embraced icann's role as a multi-stakeholder organization that is representing the public interest in an independent way. in fact, brendan, i would go further in saying to you that our independence is actually more guaranteed if there is no one party that either has or has the ability to exert unique control over our affairs. in other words, the best guarantee of our stability in our work is our independence. so the u.s. decision to show the world that the multi-stakeholder model works and that it is not comfortable and ready to end its

stewardship, which is the u.s. government promised to do since the beginning, that now is the moment. i think, in fact the best contributor of our independence and the best potentially guarantor at the next few years that other governments or other individuals or other companies will understand that our strength and our stability and our resilience as a multi-stakeholder organization is best guaranteed our independence. >> host: fadi chehade, in this multi-stakeholder approach you've been discussing, would this be a government led oversight or would this be private? >> guest: very much a private sector led oversight. governments today have an advisory role in icann. they do not directly make policy. they cannot have a seat on our

board of directors. this is very much, in fact a triumph of showing how a private sector led institution that has the government as an important advisory body, but that has a broader base of decision-making that is private sector led, including input from the technical community and civil society at academics, et cetera. but that advice that informs the policy, and the board activity are anchored in the fact that governments are continuing to play an advisory role to what we do. >> host: how would you envision the u.s. role after this occurred? >> guest: it would be just like any important role that u.s. played in any international or global arena.

in other words, we within icann have multiple communities that affect policy. for example, most other policies, not all the policy related to the domain, come from a group within icann that includes many, many u.s. businesses would be familiar to you, cisco, at&t, microsoft, verizon, google, facebook, are all participating. that's where policy gets made and actually rises up to the board for its sanctions. now, the u.s. government will continue to play an advisory role along with other governments at icann. and icann has something called the governmental advisory committee, and its advisory as its name clearly tells. is over 150 governments today in the advisory group and the u.s. government participates in the body.

and i think it's very important that we appreciate this, that at icann, governments advice can come to the board and only when that advice is based on the consensus of the 150 governments. so this is not a voting body necessarily. this is a body that needs to build consensus, and i think that strengthens the advice and makes sure that the advice is not influenced by one or two parties but rather it's an advice that is based on the broad consensus of government. and then once again, when it comes to us it is just advised that the board can accept, reject, and we've done so and evidence shows in the past. >> there's been some disagreement recently between one of the community working groups and icann's more about how to make the organization

accountable. can you explain what that dispute is about and how you come down on it? >> guest: first let me just clarify. i think we see any pronouncements by one party or another as a dispute. welcome to the multi-stakeholder model. it's noisy. everybody says the input. the board made its input. many members make inputs as well. we have received a very, very healthy set of comments to the work of that particular group you mentioned. that is the group that the community formed to make a proposal on how to strengthen icann's accountability. i would say that are now set of things that this group and all of us in the community have alignment on as it relates to what we need to do to ensure icann is accountable when the u.s. role in.

so many people have you today that use government served as a backstop, and important backstop. so the first assignment was what do we need to do to replace that backstop when the u.s. is? i think those elements we have very good alignment between everyone on moving forward. now, beyond that there is a set of elements the community has been discussing to further strengthen icann's accountability beyond replacing the u.s. role on the functions contract. and i think in that group of things i would say you have three subcomponents. one component what i think we are aligned. i'll give you an example of one.

we need to remove, the community needs to have the power to remove board members or directors if they are not adhering to the fundamental bylaws. neither the board northern community to anyone has any issue with that, so these would be out of its we are aligned on. there's another set of elements where we are absolutely aligned on but maybe we differ on how to intimate them. so these would be different implementation approaches and these i think we can bridge. there is a very small number of elements that need to be, and we don't have clear climate on yet. and i'm happy to tell you that the cross community working group on accountability, that is a community led group, is meeting this weekend in los angeles here, and will spend two days to basically sort through all of these subsets of data

mentioned to you and bring us closer to alignment. many of the board members, myself and others, will be there participating in a meeting of the cross community working groups, supporting them in every way possible. i do think we are much closer to being fully online than their peers in the chaotic nature of the back and forth of the multi-stakeholder model but we are actually, in my opinion, and i think this weekend will show, much more aligned that appears in the help we exit from that we can't even more aligned than we are today. >> we've been talking a lot about the u.s. giving up its role, its contractual role in icann by one to ask about another issue which is this expansion of domain names and these new endings. so i'm wondering what's the next

step with that, and have you learned any lessons? there were some controversy in the first round of expansions in which people could buy a brand and then use it that says dot sucks and maybe that brand would spend money to protect its own. i'm wondering what lessons might change in this next expansion of domain paintings? >> guest: thank you, ranging. look, the program is to up and running and hundreds of new top level domains like nyc for new york city or paris, many, many are now approved and are moving into the root of the internet for the users to access them and enjoy them. so i think it must be said that overall this program has been a success. it was the first time we do it

in this major way and, therefore, without question there's a lot of learning. we are convening in the next few months a group of community members to work with them on another gathering these lessons learned. so it's a little bit early for me to catalog these. in fact, it's not for me to catalog of impotence for the whole community, including businesses, civil society, technical people, for all of us to work together. this will be shared publicly and everybody will see how we can do better next time. i will give you an example of something we could have done better. i believe we were late in the effort to make sure that this program has diversity, and that those who may be around the world didn't have the knowledge or the know-how to participate could have more easily

participated. we tried to do something in the state of the program, but quite frankly i think it was a little bit too late to get that diversity in the broad participation successful. but that's okay. so the program will reopen at some point we will learn from many of the lessons we are cataloging right now. there are some controversial elements of this program you mentioned the controversy with dot sucks or others. there is no question this is, change and innovation more often than not bring about a set of new issues we didn't expect. i think what is important is to see how we are addressing these together and understand the icann is not a top down institution. so while you and i may have a few on the appropriateness of a

top level domain, but it is not for me or for any individual or even the board to make these calls. the way things work at icann is it takes time come is with what back to the community and have the community build consensus and come back to us. the question that should be asked of me as the chief executive officer is, are you implementing the communities consensus guidelines to roll out this program? and if i fail in that, then i fail the institution and, frankly, we failed our community. so as we learned at our community learned many things, i think that the next round of this program will clearly be even more successful in that we will avoid some of the pitfalls that frankly maybe no one had even imagined would take place

because this is rant new. it's new territory just like with anything you can we try but i'm glad we tried to i'm glad we tried to some of the new top level domains are making a big difference. the huge expansion of non-latin script domain is bring billions of people around the world who don't even have latin script keyboard into the domain names. that's fantastic. other top level domains are providing people with authenticity. if you bought an expensive watch online from any domain, you may have apprehension as to whether the source of that watch is going or not, but if you are buying, and i'm using this as an example, an omega watch from a site that has as its top level

domain dot omega which means the company, gained using as an example, itself domain to a trusted retailer, then you would hope that that would be much closer to authenticity of what you're getting. so people are using it this way. the catholic church is using dot catholic to ensure a system that had managed for hundreds of years that gives people a sense that the institution that has a website name that ends with dot catholic is actually associated with the catholic church. so there are many good values. cities, dot nyc and doctors who are building, dot taiwan, by building communities around top level domain. so very many good things also that this program is bringing to the surface of the user giving them a choice, giving them new

authenticity and different other factors. .. it was available to us and to this community and to this board the if needed. and i think we came to the determination that, indeed, that was a good decision because part of that fund was needed. i would have otherwise had to have leave this june this year, but that i won't need the full runway, and i head the

determination that ma -- i made the determine nation that march would be sufficient time to have cleated the major programs i had. and i look bard to, frankly, solid continuity at icann. and is i'm very, very confident by the way of the process the board has put in place to find a a great replacement. >> host: thadty chehade, president and ceo of icann and brendan sasso, this is "the communicators" on c-span. >> guest: thank you. >> thank you. >> in about an hour, we take you live to -- >> america's cable companies 35 years ago and brought to you as a public service by your local cable or satellite provider. >> in about an hour, we take you live to the national press club for remarks from national endowment for the arts chair jane chu. she'll be talking about the agency's 50th anniversary and its future plans.

it gets under way at 9:30 eastern. over on c-span, the u.n. general assembly hears from several world leaders today. president obama addresses the organization at 10 a.m. eastern. soon after that he'll be followed by leaders of china, russia, south korea and iran. you can watch all their speeches live on c-span. >> a signature feature of booktv is our all-day coverage of book fairs and festivals from across the country with top nonfiction authors. here's our schedule. in early october it's the southern festival of books this nashville. the weekend after that we're live from austin for the be texas book festival. and near the end of the month, we'll with covering two book festivals on the same weekend. from our nation's heartland, it's the wisconsin book festival in madison. and back on the east coast, the boston book festival. at the start of november, we'll be in portland, oregon, for wordstock followed by the national book awards from new york city.

and at the end of november, we're live for the 18th year in a row from florida for the miami book fair international. that's a few of the fairs and festivals this tall on c-span2's book -- this fall on c-span2's booktv. there are. >> pope francis was in philadelphia this weekend on the final leg of his u.s. visit. one of his stops was independence hall where he got a tour ask gave a speech on religious freedom from the same odium that president abraham lincoln used for his gettysburg address. this is almost an hour.

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>> your holiness, distinguish canned guests and friends -- distinguished guests and friends, the united states is an experiment in freedom ordered b law and ordered two basic truths about the human person. the greatest good in thed american character comes fromer our belief in the merciful god, a god who guarantees the dignity ask rights -- and rights of all his children. alexander hamilton was one of hurricane's greatest -- america's greatest founding fathers. he helped write our constitution here at independence hall. he was also one of our greatest immigrants. born in the west indies, hamilton was a friend of george washington. he fought in the revolution, wrote nearly two-thirds of the

federalist/3 papers ask set the united states on a course to become a world power. the lesson this his life is simple; this is a nation that n- single ethnic group or privileged economic class owns. it's a country where a person who comes from nowhere can still a difference. it's a nation where a hand who never y knew -- where a man whot never knew his own birthday, hamilton was born out of wedlock, can take part in the birth of a new order. he reminds us that immigrants from around the world renew this country in every generation. they breathe new life into what george washington called the bosom of america. we live at an odd time in history when the church defends marriage and the family, the unborn child and the purpose of human sexuality, she is attackew as being too harsh.

when shef defends immigrant workers and families that are broken by deportation, she is attacked as too soft.at ask yet theture -- and yet the church is theert of these things. pope john 23rd, now st. john the 23rd, described the church as the mother of humanity, a mother who understands and loves the whole human person from conception to natural death, always, consistently and everywhere. [applause] when it comes to immigration -- [applause] the church reminds us that in the end all of us are children of the same loving god. that makes us brothers and sisters despite borders that separate us. and in arguing over worders to keep -- borders to keep people out, we need to be vigilant against erecting those same borders in our hearts. my dear friends, the person who

speaks that truth most powerfully is with us today, and i invite the holy father, the son of immigrants, to share hisi thoughts with us now. open francis. [applause] [cheers and applause] [cheering] [cheers and applause] [speaking spanish] [cheers and applause]

[speaking spanish] >> translator: one of the highlights of my visit is to be here at independence hall, birthplace of the united states of america. itst was here that the freedoms which define this country were first proclaimed; the declaration of independence which stated that all men andnd women are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain inalienable rights and that governments

existle to protect and defend those rights. these ringing words continue to inspire us today even as they have inspired peoples throughout the world to fight for the freedom to live in accordance with their dignity. [speaking spanish] >> translator: but history also shows that these or think -- or any truths must constantly be reaffirmed, reappropriated and defended. the history of this nation is

also the tale of a constant effort lasting to our day to embodying those lofty rells in social and political life. we remember the great struggles which led to the abolition of slavery, the extension of voting rights, the growth of the labor movement and the gradual effort to eliminate every kind of racism and prejudice directed at the successive waves of new americans. [applause] [speaking spanish] >> translator: this shows that

when a country is determined to remain true to its founding principles, those principles that were foundational and based on respect for human dignity, that country is strengthened and renewed. when a country keeps in its memory and remembers its past, it continues to grow and to be renewed and to assume and take into its bosom new peoples. [applause] [speaking spanish] >> translator: all of us benefit a great deal from remembering our past, a people which remembers does not repeat past

errors. [applause] [speaking spanish] >> translator: instead, instead it looks with confidence to the challenges of the present and of the future. remembrance saves a people's soul from whatever or whomever would attempt to dominate it or use it for its own -- for their interests. [cheers and applause] >> translator: when individuals and communities are guaranteed the effective exercise of their rights, not only are they free to realize their own potential, but they also can, with this and with their work, contribute to the welfare and to the enrichment of all of society.

[applause] [speaking spanish] >> translator: in this place which is symbolic of the american way, of the model of the united states, i would like to reflect with you on the right to religious freedom. [applause] [speaking spanish] >> translator: it is a fundamental right which shapes the ways we interact socially and personally with our neighbors whose religious views differ from our own. [speaking spanish]