-- >> we believe us now to take it like a house energy and commerce subcommittee hearing on 3-d printing. the committee will hear from industry leaders and defense contractor about the technology and economic impact 3-d printing will have on consumers, manufacturers and jobs. >> the 3-d printing industry is expected to grow from about 6 billion is debate over $20 billion in a mere five years time. ..

surgeons can create accurate surgical guides that reduce errors and as a result save lives. scientists have begun experimentally creating structures using a person's dna that resulted is a logical use of life's own building blocks but certainly potentially revolutionary for patients. in my district, 3d printing is enabling businesses to get the job done more efficiently. i have a constituent back home. his name is marie and he runs a hot rod modification shop called painless performance and he provides customers with harnesses for their classic cars. the parts are no longer a manufacturing on the assembly

line, but using a 3d printing prototype offered by specialty equipment manufacturing association, the performance is able to speed up a development process. i think we will show a video clip of that if the technology doesn't fail us and i will continue talking while that runs. as the subcommittee on safety, we are essentially interested in ways that the vehicle suppliers and manufacturers are using plastic to enhance safety. can we turn the sound down on that because most of the visual is what we want. carbon plastic have 12 times the energy absorption capabilities while adding half the weight of some comparable metal parts. manufacturing is helping automakers and parts suppliers integrate these innovative materials into cars, which is making us safer and improving fuel efficiency. as a 3d printers become more affordable, the universe of people able to print a 3d objects on their own expense. a lot of the things in research

for this hearing, might staff found an article for me from australia that talks about ralph from the prince of hospital in sydney and he was working on a tumor and had to replace the top two vertebrae, a pretty difficult operation and without the proper type of prosthetic it would have been impossible. so the surgeon worked within australian medical benefactor to craft replicas of the patients top two vertebrae out of titanium. i want to read a quote from the surgeon. from australia, said he talks funny i'm sure. to be able to get the printed in plants that you know will fit perfectly because you've already done the operation on a model, it was a pure delight. it was as if someone had switched on the light and said crikey, if this is in the future

i don't know what is! so i agree come if this is in the future i don't know what is. i will now turn to ms. clarke from new york the ranking member of the subcommittee for an opening statement. >> good morning chairman and members of this morning's panel. mr. chairman, thank you for holding this hearing on the 3d printing. for many of us, when we think of 3d printing, we think of plastic toys and other trinkets but it is about more than just the novelty of printing and plastic. this technology has many applications we are only starting to explore. three d. printing -- 3d printing gives more consumers choice and convenience. consumers can order affordable custom printed cell phone cases to shoes and prescription eyewear. the 3d printers help product designers by allowing them to print prototypes more easily. manufacturers can place

replacement parts on demand, prosthetics can make people who've lost a limb more comfortable and recently come a 3d printed a vertebrae come as the chairman indicated was being put in a child with bone cancer. today while we are mostly printing and plastic and metal, 3d bio printing opens a whole new world of possibilities in the medical field. doctors may one day he able to grow needed organs for transplants or skin for prosthetic limbs or skin grafts. the future potential of this technology is one more reason why we need to increase our federal investment in research and innovation. but as we think of the tremendous potential of 3d printing, we also need to consider possible risks and challenges. here are some of the questions on my mind. how should we protect consumers when the consumer doesn't buy the product but rather the blueprints to make a product?

held a 3d printing work without existing laws on intellectual property, and what should people be able to make with 3d printers? i'm especially concerned about 3d printed weapons. if someone has access to a 3d printer, all they need is the right blueprint. with the gun manufacturer now who does the background check? who is responsible for keeping weapons out of the wrong hand? this isn't theoretical, the first 3d printed gun was made three years ago. and all plastic guns would be a violation of the undetectable firearms act. but the law banning the manufacture for us non- metal guns only goes far funny plastic firearm can be made at home. and we may not be far from seeing metal guns being printed at home. those who design blueprints for 3d printing and provide 3d printing capability must take

responsibility to ensure their businesses are not in danger of lives. we in congress need to make sure that our lives are up to date in today's technology. i look forward to hearing from our witnesses on the potential for 3d printing as well as your perspectives on how we deal with some of these challenges. having said that mr. chairman, i yield back. >> the gentle lady yields back and we seek time for an opening statement. you are recognized for an opening statement. >> 3d printers and the products they produce have the potential to transform and improve our lives and it is remarkable to think about what is already possible in this space, not to mention a the possibility for the future. today's printers are driving innovation in factories, schools, hospitals and homes all around the country researchers are using the printers to

develop new approaches to transplant and regeneration. the level of customization presented can allow prosthetics, hearing aids and dental liners to be made more comfortably effective and affordable. and now think about the potential for three 3d printers to the way it's distributed the latest and greatest discoveries with no longer be limited to those with a select group of medical facilities and instead of the printers could help to easily reproduce new treatments and therapies that any hospitals throughout the country in the world. 3d printing technology has the potential to help build a more dynamic and inclusive workforce. at rutgers university, innovators create a 3d maps that make a local vocational training center easier to navigate for the visually impaired and additionally it allows people to create prototypes and designs were inventions at a lower cost than traditional techniques and

this helping underrepresented communities gain access to entrepreneurship. it's a great example of how effective public-private partnerships can be. this administration worked to strengthen federal support for 21st century manufacturing technologies such as 3d printing, and i look forward to hearing how the network for the manufacturing innovation is working with companies such as those represented today to promote american innovation and safeguard the future of domestic manufacturing. as with all technologies to further adoption of 3d printing a specialty at home raises the safety and regulatory questions any of us have seen in the media coverage about 3d printing guns. while it may not be new, the ability to make them easily and cheaply causes a risk and increasing the number of guns made outside of the registration process could increase the number of the hands of criminals. in addition, questions about the intellectual property has 3d

printers proliferated. there've been concerns about the use of 3d printing containing dpa, the chemical the fda banned from use in baby bottles bottles and drinking cups. the 3d printing offers enormous possibilities for manufacturing, opportunities for entrepreneurship and convenience to the customization wasn't available before it's exciting to think about the possibilities and i'm confident these innovations can be coupled with consumer protections so they really can improve people's lives. i will yield you the rest of my time. >> thank you very much and i want to thank the chairman for calling this hearing. i'm excited to get a chance to listen to all of you and hear about how the national institute is going building up the progress having been bragging about you hopefully it's good and we very much look forward to understanding and getting the lessons learned from you about

what is working well is how we can improve as other entities or are around the country how we can learn from your success. trying to lower the entry in the risk that local innovators take in the small businesses and trying to make sure that we can spur the next generation of manufacturing in the united states and what that means for the workforce of the way up the supply chain so grateful for the opportunity to be here and that all of you are willing to testify. thank you. i yield back. >> seeking no other time we will conclude with opening statements. the chair would remind members pursuant to the rules, all members opening statements will be made part of the record. we do want to thank the witnesses for being here today taking time out of their day to testify before the subcommittee. today's witnesses will have the opportunity to give opening

statements and we will follow with questions from members. the witness panel for today's hearing includes the vice president for the alliances and partnerships in 3d systems. mr. allen the vice president for global logistics and distribution with ups. ed morris director of the manufacturing innovation for the national center for defense manufacturing and machining and be additive technologies for the corporate supply-chain operations within general electric. we appreciate all of you being here today and we will begin the panel with mr. orringer. you are recognized for an opening statement. >> thank you mr. chairman, congressman clarke and members of the subcommittee thank you for the invitation to address you. i'm honored to address a critical topic coming of factoring is revolutionizing the

delivery of healthcare. in 1983 -- mr. orringer come is the light on on your microphone? >> it is. >> maybe pull it a little closer. i would stress even though this is the premier technology committee in the united states congress, we have pretty low technical equipment. please continue. >> how is this? okay. in 1983 that company founder and into the 3d printing. supply in the process to replicate the cup designed to digitally draw on the computer the patent was granted in 1986 and the business took off from there. more than 30 years later the industry is in full throttle for its own system and method of manufacturing and the only major us-based company. from the outset i guess i would amend the comments and say the future is now. in the early 19 '90s we rather revolutionized the fix to an

individual's ear with unparalleled precision helping to build wireless devices with comfortable materials and today 99% of the print worldwide. a decade later we helped graduate students from stanford university find a better way to strengthen teeth. with our technology became invisaline which is a clear orthodontic. customization, accuracy and producing over 20 million individual a liners in the last 12 months alone seriously continue to advance the breakthroughs in the field of precision medicine. that is a movement that's been championed the taylor's medical treatments intrinsically to individual characteristics. so as a part of this movement together with chennai max, the medicine, computational biology and medical imaging in the saving and improving lives today

i would like to concentrate on three areas, surgical planning, fabrication of advanced implants and devices and new autolink processes. surgical plans to start with first. we empower surgeons with some perl to precision and complex procedures and significantly reduce the time and theater and saves lives. our experts interact rapidly with doctors receiving data from the scans and design and build up build of the guides are placed on a particular procedure. we are showing a video right now into his room to highlight the case. with his upper lower jaw and teeth it is truly inspirational and today he can smile. they worked with a surgeon at the hospital in san diego, for you. to give new teeth the operation involves taking bone tissue and vessels from the tibial and reconfirming them for the upper and lower jaw. we used the scans to extract

anatomical information to visualize the surgery and three 3d. it required a member of 3d tools including cutting tools to guide the surgeon's operating room. it's an inspirational story among tens of thousands over the last several years. the models of assimilation aside from the surgical guide they also use the 3d printing models in the operation. they show surgeons what is hidden beneath the layers of of soft tissue and of soft tissue indicate them hands-on experience with blessings longer for the surgery. finally, i want to talk not about the customized tools but about how three d. printing is -- 3d printing is providing medical devices and implants. i bought a titanium component of a hip transplant but we 3d printed. rather than go through the process of building the model or the cast mold, shaping and coding the single part. saving time and resources it

also allows us to add functions with designs that structure cannot be built any other manufacturing process. so, the doctors and divisive the doctors and divisive actors can send the data to the models and then we use the direct printing to build dozens of these titanium cups in a single process. we've been working with european regulators to ensure appropriate assurance in the process for an array of implants and devices. in all these areas we have strong partners in the federal government as we work to receive the appropriate qualification for the products to maintain the balance of promoting innovation and ensuring the safe delivery of care to patients. the 3d printing improves the production of healthcare tools and i'm hopeful we might someday see these efficiencies translate to the lower cost of the patient integrating the novel processes and tools will require a greater understanding not only by the regulators that the health insurance industry as well. and in due time perhaps there will be contemplate to veto the

place to build these. it's time for 3d printing to be appreciated as an intimate for mainstream quality care. i look forward to discussing this with the committee today thank you. >> the chair recognizes mr. herderick. >> ranking member schakowsky, members of the committee, fellow witnesses and attendees. i am the vice president of marketing for ups global logistics distribution into during my 23 year tenure i hope to do business develop and grow across all aspects of the economy and launch innovative new solutions like carving natural shipping. while you are likely familiar with the fleet of more than 100,000 ground troops in 425,000 employees globally, you may not know much about the supply-chain business. more than 100 years ago ups started as a messenger in seattle.

in 2016, we operated one of the largest airlines in the world and offered global supply-chain services including ocean and air freight, ground freight, brokerage and contract logistics in addition to the more familiar brown package services. the global logistics network made more intelligent and efficient has the potential to reshape and reinvent the economies. that's why we are interested in 3d printing which could disrupt traditional manufacturing the way that e-commerce has disrupted the traditional retail. certainly as this technology becomes more widely available, there will be bumps in the road and hurdles to overcome. but the power of 3d printing cannot be overstated. it's disruptive not just because it's new but because it helps small businesses and entrepreneurs do what they already need to do today, only better and less expensively.

therefore, as 3d printing revolutionized manufacturing, it will also affect our business of supply chains and eventually product pricing in the end consumer experience. 3d printing means that businesses will no longer face minimum quantities. they will be able to order what they need and when they need it. up front cost which is a big expense for businesses both large and small makes 3d printing ideal for small batch production runs and there is no tax on the complexity. what i mean by that, there is no corresponding increase in the cost for a more complex design like this. 3d printing therefore will create opportunities and require adjustments. as it becomes possible to set up the product design, the print products locally, small businesses and entrepreneurs

will be able to move from the idea phase to the production phase more cost effectively instead of delivering a product from a warehouse, they can be delivered from a three d. printing service offered at a retail outlet such as a ups store or right to your door. a disruptive technology like 3d printing stamps to help our customers do more with a lower environmental impact of while benefiting consumers like you and me. it has a potential to increase profit margins in the supply-chain by reducing cost, and that is good news for small businesses especially. it's important to understand that disruption will happen. there's a list no islamist no stopping the spread of technology and innovation. so, we are either in the game or we where we are watching it. and i note what side of the equation ups wants to be on and to that end, in anticipation of the impact, ups has already

started putting the printers in their store locations. our initial customer response was so positive that we have since expanded to more than 60 stores with plans of continued growth. likewise, through the entirety we've invested in a 3d printing manufacturer and put the production facilities in the heart of our global supply-chain campus just minutes from the hub. the operation has been up in running for a year and allows companies to order parts and protects to be printed late into the evening and have been deliberate anywhere in the u.s. by the next morning. in doing so, ups has helped create a model that actually increases the package demand and differentiates the company from other carriers to react now that is groundbreaking stuff. today, ups is learning and adapting to new technologies, something we've done many times over the more than 100 years of operation as proven over and over throughout history those

who embrace innovation can change early and often are the most rewarded. in the disruptive technology like 3d printing has that incredible potential. i commend the committee for their interest and understanding more about the printing and we welcome this opportunity to share what we have learned up to this time. thank you for your time today and i look forward to answering questions. >> mr. morris you are recognized for five minutes to summarize your opening statement. >> good morning charming burgess, ranking member schakowsky and members of the staff of the committee. my name is ed morris, vice vice president director for america makes the national manufacturing innovation institute. we are consciously dual branded as america makes the national in effect during institute. the community wants to deal with america makes and we are happy to deal with an industry that nick's to compete communities a little weary so that is the

reason for the dual branding. we operated on the defense manufacturing machining and not-for-profit 501c3 solving technical manufacturing business problems for the clients. our mission at america makes "-begin-quotes why do we exist. and as we all know, the u.s. manufacturing economy is nowhere near as robust as it has historically been or needs to be. so what are we going to do about that? we are taking this technology is adding manufacturing and accelerating in the united states by dealing with a technical issue and bear your in the transition to companies for products, new companies etc. and then training the next workforce and reinvigorating the interest and the youth of american manufacturing as a well-paid excellent career.

why manufacturing? it's a disruptive game changer but i'm comfortable with declaring it is a game changer fundamentally because when you change the game you change the rules and this is a whole new set of rules. we had a lot of people come to us and talk about their interest in manufacturing and they say i want to get involved in that manufacturing. they've identified seven different types of manufacturing and i realize when people approach us, it's generally asking, i want to cook dinner. and to be specific what heat source are you going to be using, lasers etc.. what materials are you going to be using? will you be using metal, ceramics or will you be using organic tissue, are you going to be using human tissue? are you going to be serving

plastic parts, mechanical parts? one of the systems did a demonstration of printing cookies for a demonstration. and you can print body parts. one of the things that excites me is the integrated mechanical and electronic three 3d printing devices. at the center for 3d innovation, we've recognized them as the first satellite center in broadening the footprint in a substantial way across the united states. our partners in this adventure is the department of defense and energy and the department of commerce, department of education and the national science foundation and the fda. and we are a strong believer in the power and the wisdom of a public-private partnership. we currently have 163 members in the printed testimony. we have 55 small business.

43 large businesses, 13 government partners, ten nonprofit organizations and manufacturing extension partnership that they are very valuable partners in helping to do the technology transition for this. as of january, 2016 we had an 87 million-dollar portfolio and disable projects use the manufacturing and business but revolutionizing and the casting to made made sure that it stays on taking up the cost and improving the product performance. we also have a project on biomedical devices with the university of pittsburgh working on optimizing the magnesium alloy before the implants. in the modification we are doing lots of activities in a society when factoring engineers in the fellowship program in the society of mechanical

engineering and the department of veterans affairs to train the returning military veterans and the better source of expertise or innovative people as well. they make it relevant that capability. in the partnership, its ability we think is a very wise policy and business practice and the taxpayers investment in the mutual interest as if it were able to double the tax payers money in taxpayers money in the industry side is able to maximize the research and development dollars so it really is in line with the department of defense to optimize the contractor research and development and then finally, a

good friend of the honorable secretary of defense with this technology lets disrupt ourselves before others disrupt us. thank you. >> the chair thanks the gentleman. doctor herderick, you are recognized for your opening statement please. >> thank you. chairman, vice chairman, ranking member schakowsky and members of the committee, it is a privilege to share 3d printing that represents the larger digital industrial revolution happening in the u.s. and globally. today designer can create a model part and digitally transmit it to a 3d printer to be directly manufactured. new designs and processes like this are being connected and managed through a digital thread with the freedom of design and manufacturing that seemingly has no limits. one of the engineering leaders captured it and she said complex that he is free. my name is doctor herderick

coming and i'm the in by the advocate of technology leader for ge spreading the application of the technologies across the industrial portfolio. this portfolio builds, moves, power, transport and cure the world from jet engines and power generation machines to locomotives, medical pension systems and more. the emergence of three d. printing -- 3d printing has been both sudden and disruptive. recently they had the first flight flightpath further 737 max airplane and the 320 jet with the engine. it's the first to include 3d printed fuel nozzles, one of which i have on the table which is the engine's fuel injector to receive maximum fuel efficiency and lower emissions. using metal printing the nozzles are fuel efficient, lightweight and more durable compared to those with conventional technologies. the production of the 3d printed

metal parts and jet engines that have been almost unheard of a decade ago. today we are asking but also can be printed to drive the performance even higher. as it is the aviation will be producing 35,000 printed bottles per year at the first production facility in alabama. by 2020 we will produce more than 100,000 printed models. this success of the industrial implementation of the additive technology in the industry is paving the way for the broad applications and other industries. the use of technologies in aviation -- are we okay? hopefully my voice was loud enough that you picked it up. the use of additive technology is only the tipping point of the factories. by 25 we expect the manufacturing methods to be used in the designing and manufacturing of more than 20% of the new product concepts.

our efforts and additives are part of a broad initiative to build the digital thread in manufacturing that transform the factories into brilliant factories. it's through this digital thread with the additive technologies can emerge and realize their full potential for the industries of all kinds. in many ways the excitement and emphasis in industrial material is the product of more than a 20 year research honesty. as early as 1993, the researchers at the global research demonstrated the feasibility for the censoring of metal powders. it's interesting to note between then and now 1993 the laser used only 7.5 watts of power at a speed of 2 millimeters per second and produced parts that were 30%. today we are using lasers with 200 to 1,000 with speeds of

1,000 millimeters per second and produced parts that are greater than 99.9% straight out of the box. when implemented with care, that produced parts today meets and exceeds that of standard testing techniques and this is a critical point. i cannot emphasize enough the importance of understanding the physical metallurgy to produce this high quality performance as a material the material property is determined in the printing process. manufacturers have centuries to understand the physical properties and materials that have been traditionally in the desired shape with additive and metals in particular we've been working for 20 years. fortunately, through its global research center at his home to some of the most foremost experts of materials and additive techniques to help us make these evaluations. i would like to highlight a particular example where ge printed a minimized version of the turbine to test the new ideas of the researchers for reducing the cost of water.

it's roughly 6 inches long being able to demonstrate cost-effective water separation and in that case metal printing and covered the team to provide something that couldn't be made in any other way and has a potential to dramatically improve the energy efficiency for this critical process. in order to accelerate new applications like this one, ge has built a new facility in pittsburgh pennsylvania to printing called the center for additive technology advancement and that was a program partnership. i would like to highlight -- let me see if it likes to highlight some of the work and critical importance of building that ecosystem and additive technologies in the u.s. we are proud to be a partner of the innovation institute which has been a leader in building the system of manufacturers, machine makers and other stakeholders in the additive supply chain.

as we go forward, we will continue to look for ways to strengthen the ecosystem here in the u.s.. in closing, additive manufacturing is a manufacturing is a transformative technology that is opening up new frontiers and is an important tool in realizing the brilliant factory vision. it is and will have far-reaching impacts for the introduction of new high-performance products that will support infrastructure for years to come. thank you and i look forward to your questions. >> we thank all of the witnesses for your compelling testimony this morning and for all you're doing for the revitalization of manufacturing in america. we appreciate your efforts in that regard. doctor herderick, you talked about the experience you had with manufacturing things for years, and now you've moved into this new realm, so i suspect

there were challenges for the quality control folks who assured that the device in question was going to stand up to the pressure of the engine of whatever you were building. i suspect that has been an ongoing process that technology. is that a correct assumption plaques >> it's been a journey into "ge brings to this is our knowledge of commercializing other technology like advanced techniques, welding techniques and the like so we used the same process methodology of fundamentally understanding the science and research center as i am in june and then working closely with our part or is to understand how the products perform in the field. >> so literally building airport parts out of pixie dust. >> advanced metal powder that looks like flower so i suppose

you could clarify that it's very highly engineered pixie dust. >> let me just ask you in your technology you talked about it in the testimony in your company in the united states the patent system in the united states despite challenges is one of the world to intersect in the regulatory side of the world so sometimes we think that it's invented here but then subsequent manufacturing tends to go other places in the world so is that something that you all have encountered? >> i am a little disadvantaged because if i see anything wrong, my lawyers are going to come down on me pretty hard. >> this subcommittee is so genteel. there's no skipping, no lawyers.

let's just say your absolute free right. as i said this technology has been around for 30 years. we've invented many of the technologies we've been discussing here today. we've been acquiring a lot of the companies along the way as well. in spite in spite of it being 30-years-old it's become a little bit of a wild west and there are constantly new innovations and patents that seem to be very similar to patents that are filed previously and we have to be vigilant. fortunately, we do have a good close relationship with the u.s. patent and trade office. we work closely with regulators and there will always be issues when you compare our system with the system overseas and that's

where we are challenged and we do appreciate the assistance the government is providing us as we navigate the waters. >> i want you to consider this your subcommittee and the interaction that we've initiated today i wanted to be an ongoing dialogue. because to the extent possible, we want -- we don't want the invention to happen here when the manufacturing workers somewhere else we want the jobs in the united states of america and we want to make america great again. [laughter] i will say to that point i'm very much appreciative of that and i will say that what has been exciting i've spent most of my time in the federal government in the transition and i will tell you coming to this company seeing what we are doing in terms of u.s. jobs is phenomenal. we acquired two european

companies come a french, a french company and a belgian company. these are companies that can give do these two have been honing the craft and thanks not only in terms of production that r&d we are moving the jobs thanks in part to the projects with america makes so i'm funding the project and we started to build up a laboratory thanks to the good work of his colleagues as well as other folks that have seen the technology to continue to innovate and we will certainly stay engaged with you as we navigate these waters. >> is absolutely true that

technology was in the united states and we lost the lead and generally the europeans are ahead by about five years because they double down with national investments in areas and they are the major source of the materials and the 3d printing devices although the systems are coming on very rapid the rapid the end of regaining the lead in the united states which we think is crucial. i think that this really comes into focus the importance of the public-private partnership as a wise policy for the nation and global economic competition and it's a good business model for the taxpayer and the companies and academia for that matter. >> we think the gentle man. i recognize the ranking member of the subcommittee from illinois for five minutes of

questions, please. >> thank you mr. chairman. i am countered 3d printing during a manufacturing showcase and the congressman brought in a business from the district direct dimensions and they took a picture of me had made this 3d print of me in plastic. [laughter] it was very interesting and a little strange. but i did save it. i want to say this is part of our series as i'm sure the chairman said about or disruptor and what we are hearing today are the wonders of this and the positives and i just want to wanted to say before i ask questions along those lines, these technologies can be in the

hands of all kinds of people as we go forward and i hope that will also have a hearing. what are the things we ought to watch out for? another congresswoman raised issues to address perhaps small arms, but who knows so i think we ought to be looking ahead and thinking about if there are threats to the country because of these new technologies in the wrong hands not only through the concerns of the competition around the world and making sure that we can advance made in america but actual threats. i wanted to focus on the positives at northwestern university which is in my district in illinois the researchers are pioneering biocompatibility made of

graphing used to 3d print. scaffolding for tissue transplants and regeneration, very exciting these structures can stimulate regeneration and also they are cost effective so mr. orringer, could these treatments become more widely accessible to the use of the 3d printer is? >> yes actually i just returned from your district last week with a couple of folks and i will tell you the chicago area is booming in this area for this technology, and it's very important that we continue to innovate and incubate that technology. on the biocide, i will tell you there's another fact and fiction and aspiration. to answer the question i think

you summed it up quite well. there is a sort of short-term and a lot that can be done that is being done currently and we are about one to two years away from seeing this sufficiently where it is going to become as commonplace as the other methodologies that i discussed. on the other side of the folks in the department indicated we are still a few years away from seeing a viable process for some of the other printable inks but the research that's being done we do see a feasible path forward and we are watching a lot happened in the marketplace. there's a lot of exciting companies coming on line in this space and we wanted to encourage that technology to continue to flourish and the government itself has a role to play. we've been talking about this particular issue to see if there are ways we can work with them in terms of spurring innovation

in this area. >> you indicated to some fairly early benefits. at what point do you think we will be able to see the savings for patients? and are we doing what we need to do now to make that occur? >> as i highlighted in my statement, 3d printing has long been providing strong value to patients, not only in the hearing aids where we are making 98.5% through 3d printing or invisaline but in the modeling and the implant process as well it's literally saving lives. we were talking about this earlier before the hearing we have seen estimates that it takes about week charge patients about $100 a minute in the operating theater so if you can reduce test time by a rehearsal,

by using ct scans, 3d printing the model and then practicing that surgery over and over again and that also 3d printing surgical guide stencils that you you place on the page and reducing the amount of improvisation 20, then you are literally going to be saving lives and enhancing precision and saving money. so i can tell you that we have done tens of thousands of these procedures and we are seeing a lot of breakthroughs. in the scaffolding there is a lot of investment in this and a lot of promise and i can tell you that the government is well involved as well not only in the nih that the department of defense, the united states navy, the walter reed national medical center there is a lot of work being done not too far away from some active clinical trials. >> maybe i can ask how this

works in the health space. >> recognizing the gentle lady from kentucky for five minutes please. >> one series that we have in the technology in the mid-90s, not even that long ago it really disrupted the calculator industry and we did the same thing that they are already doing that work efficiently and also disrupted the industry when i got to go on the process and it really already took what we are doing and made it better. i have a manufacturing background and if we take the blocks of steel and we literally down for the lack of a better

term in the computer-controlled machines creating stuff by printing it by being additive. but it certainly enhances the precision of what you can do in specific things so it is fascinating to be here. ups is just outside of my district but a lot of the employees and a lock of your customers are in my district. zappos choose and d. squad -- geek squad. it's an interesting business concept but great people to be around. but you said it the trucks and airplanes that are flying in and out but i am more interested you talked about it a little bit to get some time on how they actually up small businesses with the management to build

their businesses and how the printing is a big part of that mission. >> ups is more than a package delivery company. we are not a manufacturer but we are a network company problems over and so we see 3d printing is another tool in the bag to make businesses more efficient and help them expand so that's what the small businesses store is all about and helping the small businesses grow. when we put 3d printers in the ups stores, one of the things that small businesses have to do if they have a new product idea is to design a prototype. prior to the printing that is an arduous task. you've got to create a model sometimes the model is produced

outside the u.s. and shipped back. now we are giving them the opportunity to produce that model into rapid prototyping in their home city. i have an example of a gentleman that we highlighted during the week and caleb and what he did as he's creating supplements to the gaming controls so people with disabilities can play the game. and because everyone has different disabilities come everyone is different. can you imagine how that would be? it's one of the things we are unleashing innovation so that's the small customers seeing a lot of hobbies and small businesses and designers using the stores we have now more of an

industrial grade 3d printing operation in the supply-chain headquarters and that's being used by designers but also by big manufacturers that have these service parts networks and the need to have on demand parts so we are allowing them to order parts. >> i want to ask a couple more questions i will ask them both and then let you answer where do you see the most demand today and three to five years? and what policies should we consider as you see the demand for 3d printing and what can congress do to help or not help or get out of the way i guess? >> writenow this is what we are seeing, a lot of rapid prototypes that's kind of the application where we are seeing

the most. we are also seeing a bout of small batch production runs so even large manufacturers are printing money to produce 500 or thousand of a certain item it's actually less expensive right now to do it with 3d printing. this with 3d printing. we are all about efficiency, and that's what they are doing. now, five years out i wish i had a crystal ball, but what we see is more customized products that are tailored to the specific needs of the individual and 3d printing can allow that to happen. we think it is a little further out, but right now we see the definitely the on demand parts of the prototypes. in terms of legislation, again, ups is a global network. right now we are only doing the printing and the united in the

united states. eventually, just like both businesses by connecting the global network with our transportation, the plan is to do that with 3d printing. and so, as that happens, there are going to be legislative issues that arise that will need to be addressed to keep that going because we know the more we can do to promote global commerce and trade is good for everybody. >> the chair thanks the gentleman and yields back and recognizes ms. clark for five minutes please. >> i think that the panelists today have a very simulated conversation and it's great to hear all of the innovation taking place. the sky is the limit. i would like to focus on the underrepresented communities. this has been one of the focus issues that i had of it is especially important to me. using the emerging three d. printing -- 3d printing

including entrepreneurs from the underserved community because it isn't a cost of the lower flexible customization is easier. 3d printers offer advantages and opportunities to small businesses and the entrepreneurs entering the market. it's a huge diversity gap that remains in the technology manufacturing space, so it is a true potential of 3d printing and it's important to connect to eliminating obstacles that are sort of equitable and promoting initiatives that i believe can close the gap. you, mr. orringer, spoke about the relationship that was established and we want to drill down on little bit and talk about the colleges and universities in the system and the community colleges. you spoke to the small business advantage as well. so, my first question goes to you what kind of outreach is america and make do to the

communities that are underrepresented including the minority, low-income and disabled workers? >> that is one of the reasons why they were so attractive to us not only are they the leader in developing the technology of the manufacturing but also in the population we want to partner with them to help them continue and expand the transitions for more education area and respond to products etc.. tied to that also is the decision that we have of getting printers in every school in the united states. i was taken aback when they announced to put 400,000 printers in every one of their elementary schools.

we should be doing the same thing. that's the time to catch the youth in america to get them excited and make things. in our context when we taught that the manufacturing is the system of design production etc. so it's all these different well-paid careers that catching the youth in america no matter where they are or who they are i think it is pivotal for the united states. >> can you talk about the under stated communities when we get 3d printing and small businesses? >> as the small companies come in and we operate as a community of practice openly sharing in this middle ground of the pre- competitive activity, when they

come into the 3d systems, lockheed martin, northrop grumman etc., they develop relationships, so one of the companies in cleveland benefited from that relationship and is now doing contracting work for them so building this community we are very focused on the additive manufacturing supply-chain ecosystem. how do how do we find that and focus out and focus it in the regional areas? we are doing some pretty incredible things in the region in the northeast ohio and southwest pennsylvania trying to flush out the system for older communities with a focus on those that are the most in need of the economic boost. >> you are nodding and smiling. do you want to share your thoughts? >> talking about education, i was reminded when i started working for the company i came home with a little 3d printer and scanner. i have a 5-year-old at home who is more advanced technologically than i am.

my wife is a surgeon so she came home from a long day performing surgery and fell asleep watching tv. my daughter scanned her head and produced a model not quite different from that and she's 5-years-old and i was blown away because i still haven't hadn't figured out how to turn the thing on. [laughter] if you can see what happens when we bring these things into the schools, it's not about just 3d printing, that is the means for the end coming and that's what we need to understand. i think about this in terms of the digital literacy and this is important in the underserved areas we need to make sure people have a full sense of what it means to be part of the digital economy so rather than focusing on getting the printers into small businesses, what we should be doing is making sure they have access to the digital

tools for different kinds of computer aided design and technology. we can find ways to give them access to machines, whether it's through great companies like ups. we have similar programs called quick parts that does on-demand printing. you send us the cad and we will get the parts. it's not about getting the 3d printing to the entrepreneurs. we are able to reduce the logistical footprint and now we are digitizing things. we don't even need to have that, so i think the task is important. i don't think that it is as difficult as it could be. and there are institutions like america makes, but we need to do more. ..

what was amazing was half the students were coming up with ideas to 3-d print different consumer parts for ipods and things. when we go out and do these volunteers outreach activities, doing things like taking fuel knobs, take a manufacture components, take 3-d printers into schools intimate workshops and things which really a tool to get people and on with the manufacturing in a way we

couldn't do with casting or welding. so it's really a gateway to get them into these great entrepreneurial fields and these great careers. that gets me really, really excited. >> very quickly. summer camps. one particular summer camp, one of the exercises was to take the students into our little whiteboard and they drew cookie cutters. one minority student a nice little figure cookie cutter. he then took it over to the desk top 3-d printer and made the cookie cutter. we got a great picture of him look, mom, this is what i decide. this is what i manufacture. here's a cookie cutter for you. >> the gentlelady yield back. recognize the gentleman from new jersey five minutes for questions. >> thank you, mr. chairman. but very interesting hearing.

mr. orringer, balancing health and safety is an important issue for medical device manufacturers and federal regulators alike. what steps are the federal regulators taking in order to educate themselves and the public about 3-d printed surgical implants? and has this approach been proactive and what else in your judgment could be done? >> thank you so much for this question. i have to say it's not cheap just because i'm a former federal bureaucrat, we've been pretty pleased with the engagement that the food and drug administration and others have shown. the action held a workshop in october 2014, silver spring campus. they invited companies not only from the united states, from all over the world to have this dialogue. it was an all day affair.

the fda said they were in receiving the. they wanted to hear what the concerns were from us about regulation. what were the concerns are us in terms of barriers for innovation. are we any different from any other technology when it comes to regulation? i think in begin at the conclusion was no. we are one tool in the toolbox. you have digital tools. you have means for designing things, and joe different ways were actually executed or i think one of the challenges we need to stay on top of his folks attempts to redefine this technology as something that's extraordinarily different. we are not making star trek replicator's. these are very important tools. they have their uses but they also have a limit. one of the things i soared alluded to in my statement

though was concerned about the the inability for the pay coach to keep pace with innovation. so right now we are innovating their unique surgical processes. we're saving a lot of money for the health system over all but the truth is, there are no insurance pay codes that can tell the patient this is how much it really calls. so what's happening is we're saving money but the insurance companies whether it's medicaid, medicare or private insurance don't have the means to code what the procedures. so there's a bit of a margin. we would love to engage with both cms, medicare and medicaid or others, to ensure that we are actually able to make a fair process to bring that up to standard. right now as you know, sometimes government regulation is a little slow. sometimes standards can be

slowed into the. we need to get this right because we are not realizing all the potential. >> i trust those that medicare and medicaid and cms will be monitoring this hearing because obviously we need those code for the reasons you suggested. mr. morris? >> i personally attended the workshop in 20 the workshop in 2014 for a documentary. my background is arab space and defense but as a city for the different presentations on the medical applications i found myself two-thirds away to the first of a two-day event. i was getting bored. why would i be getting bored? the problems and issues are all addressing were ubiquitous and manufacturing. need better materials, better inspection capabilities, need better design tools, et cetera. at the end of the two days, in my personal synthesis was the basic to differences medical

applications of all the different things like what they're doing in ge. sterilization and body biocompatibility. the couple problems makes the importance of an instant focus on added manufacturing and unduly to share relevant o but e were very pleased when fda became assigned number about a month ago so they can sweep of the things we are already learning. hear their specific needs and events all the technology across the united states. >> to the distinguished members of the panel, are we in the fans in this country or do other countries perhaps in europe or asia have a system that recognizes this to a greater extent than we do in this country? >> it's been interesting in that one of the things i heard from a good friend, one of our members, he did at the invitation of chinese government a couple years ago, and they shared their doubling down on their

investments because they saw what the united states was doing. so they are now surpassing us. representative from singapore visited me personally in our facility at downtown youngstown. they have no stood up a center for 3-d printing and innovation in singapore with an initial funding of $150 million, more than twice the fun i have. >> i hope to be able to pursue this further in the future. thank you, mr. chairman. >> gentleman yields but, recognize the gentleman from california for five minutes for your questions. >> thank you very much for importing your knowledge with us on what's going on in this dynamic, fast changing industry. first question is from my wife. when they think they will be able to make a husband national agency a human brain, a husband's brain to remember anniversaries, et cetera? just kidding. that's the impossible i know. now on a more serious note,

we've noticed in america's labors without an increase of donations and opportunities where live -- libraries are investing in 3-d printers now to the tune of over 400 libraries have access at little to no cost to individuals going to the library. to me this is a very important issue for making sure with access to as many minds and as many and inquisitive folks so that they can get turned on to a wonderful it is and how the potential of getting a job in the industry. how committed is the industry to advance in that kind of effort? >> i can take a shot at this just because we had a little bit of an excess inventory of desk top of 3-d printers about a year and a half ago. we didn't rehearse this by the way. i had this great idea, why don't

we donate these printers to libraries across the country? one hitch. i didn't want to donate a couple hundred printers to libraries and have bee and just sit on the shelf and collect dust or that's a really big problem i see. so without you held a competition. we partnered with america makes because they know how to do competition. and had an overwhelming response of all across the country. we need to do more like this but it's going to pay back dividends. we are struggling certainly still in terms of workforce development, in terms of making sure people have access to this technology. i strongly believe that if we can start bringing these kinds of tools to young people as soon as possible that's going to pay dividends in the long run. we are strongly committed. i know other folks on the panel

are as well and we will be happy to keep you informed on our endeavors. >> that's an investment in human capital in connecting your industry to the minds of the workers of the future. >> a lot of intention to unintended consequences beginning to something admirable and at the end of the day you are not doing something so admirable. even with a vision of a printer in every school, we are urgently needing encouragement at all levels of the government beginning at the local communities and perhaps some of the local rotaries et cetera. so foundations and groups are able to provide some funding. for example, if we put a 3-d printer in ms. brown's class and it breaks, who's going to fix it? who's going to buy the materials? ms. brown? that's not very kind. and for the library, same thing yet. how we keep it operating, how to

get the matures and all the libraries and all the schools? how do we have the resources made available so it's not burdensome win this thing shows up. you can do great things as a nation but we have to do wisely. >> thank you for pointing that out. what do the things i'm so proud to be an american is the fact that we have this reputation that when we embark on something and we dedicate ourselves to doing it well, it takes a long-term vision and a long-term commitment and there's infrastructure costs, ongoing costs et cetera. instead of just a flash of, for example, giving away printers and then coming back a year later and embarrassingly realized none of them are in use because you just explained without the follow-through, they are not doing anybody any good. it's a falsehood for whenever any of us whether it's government, private industry or philanthropic leak we do something without looking at the long side of the issue. so thank you for pointing that out. on a follow up on that is i hope

you read into my question, not just libraries, public schools, et cetera, that the industry maps out and shows us how we can either partner or they can take the lead, et cetera, and how we can make sure we have that available as much as possible to every community in america. again it's an investment in human capital i think. i want to point out with my limited time that when it comes to bio printing, apparently when you look at the 3-d printer is used to place bio ink in precise locations allowing cell types to one themselves in a manner that resembles the origination of native human tissues. these 3-d human tissues can then be employed in drug discovery and development, biological research and therapeutic come in plans for the treatment of damaged and degenerating tissues and organs, et cetera. you get the picture. this is amazing.

what do you see the topline issues facing those efforts when it comes to regulatory and technology and world competition? >> i'm not competent to address the regulatory issues but what i will say is i think where national manufacturing institute can come to play in a very important way in advancing bio printing as we do with all the other areas of application of advanced manufacturing is getting from the research to the true product application, there's historically what's called the valley of death. with a structure to cross that out as deputy begins with holding a community of the researchers, academics, labs et cetera across the nation with the end users, and start that discourse of what you need, what he building him how can we apply it, how can we accelerate it? we do a lot of workshops to be

roadmapping and we would eagerly like to be roadmapping with bio printing up with several members of doing landmark research and development in bio printing such as university of pittsburgh. team those up with a medical end users, new member fda, et cetera to let what's the right path, how do we accelerate, what's the model if they continue to go back to the small of the opportunity to do the keeping and a public-private partnership. and that is share the costs. high risk, government money comes into play. industry needs to invest because they're doing the application. we think that's a shrewd model going forward. it is unique capability of an added manufacturing. >> thank you, mr. chairman. i yield back. >> the gentleman yields back. recognize the gentlelady from indiana. >> thank you, mr. chairman, and thank you all our panelists. for your exciting test market i

wasn't sure when i was reading this initially but i think why this is so exciting is because i think this is the way to drunken people back into manufacturing. we have been central indiana in my district about 50 metal and high schools that have 3-d printers that are being utilized in the classroom. we are trying come indiana is one of the countries most manufacturing intensive state, and then before coming to congress i was senior vice president of our state community college in i learned about 3-d printing during that time period. but i think we still need to make sure that the adults in the educators are working with our young people have an understanding about the 3-d printing. i had an event, and we welcome to the 3-d parts manufacturing, to educate school counselors at a school counselor event to try to educate them about 3-d

printed because they are the ones who influence our children and get them excited about these things. so i'm curious impact been on a public-private partnership which i completely believe in how do we do a better job bringing industry, collaborating with educators, and with either our nonprofits and try and get the young people more engaged in 3-d printing, you know, the skills they need? what are some best practices you've seen? how do we expand this? i think it is one of the manufacturing tools of the future. what do we need to be doing better? believe it or not i think calling where they work maker spaces actually helps because young people are not as interested in manufacturing i think as they are in making. mr. moore's, you want to start?

>> i'm wrestling with jeopardizing and putting at risk a very important relationship we have with a school district outside of pittsburgh, pennsylvania. they already premier benchmark redefined education in the united states. and leveraging the power of manufacturing 3-d printing to teach. the risk in the friendship is the already inundated with people who want to know what they're doing. is this the right place to go? we need to find some way to assist them. the key thing is communication, communication. we could use more resources to commit a better across the nation this is what's happening, this is how you do it, this is where we can work together in a public-private partnership model to inspect the united states with manufacturing is back and it's the right place for caree

careers. >> so if you think about ge is located at some locations across the country, ups i guess is that i do know that your company is yet but i mean, what do you view as industries role in partnering with the education community? i welcome the fact to put them into lifers and so forth but -- libraries -- what you would be doing that we're not going? >> at the risk of contradicting myself i want to make sure we distinguish a little bit, there is a distinction between what we see him make a space that what we see on a factory floor. particularly when we get into some of the very hardline manufacturing industry such as aerospace and defense and others. i really think it's important that we embrace both cultures and drive innovation in both

areas. there's a great company that i work with in indiana called third dimension. they have a beautiful shop of many metal 3-d printers the to have a whole host of aerospace defense customers. they are tied -- they are not too far from perdue action and they embrace, and they are a small business but they are embracing a whole host of fellowships and internships, getting folks excited not just about the usual maker kind of space where you may be played around with toys but these massive million dollar homes of hardware, to actually see what actually happens on a shop floor and how we are revolutionizing manufacturing which is the totally different concept of it's important they can see both sides of the spectrum but maybe you could see the maker spaces as a gateway but i if you don't

bring in the other part of the equation then you are missing it. it's a serious business. we are a global company, the largest, future locations all over the world. people haven't really heard of us. there's probably a reason for the. the reason is until recently ge wouldn't want to brag that they used added manufacturing because they wouldn't want a competition to know how they made the secret sauce. that's still takes place. our first manufacturing machine, the serial number is three. i saw it a couple years ago in general motors, installed there in 1989. this is not an industry. it's just new to people. i think the maker space concept is great. suddenly it has captured people's imagination but it's also important we think about public-private partnership, encouraging manufacturing, that you bring people in and understand this is

revolutionizing manufacturing. >> thank you. my time is up. >> that chair thanks the gentlelady and recognizes the gentleman from mississippi. >> thank you, mr. chairman. and thanks to each of you. it's an amazing technology. we really are just only beginning to see what all we're going to do in the future. mr. amling, i don't have a question to welcome you. ubs was my very first job in my life as a 15 year old. i voted an 18 wheeler every night with boxes and i'm the one who packs the trunk of the family trips. we know -- >> you learned to work hard. bend at the knees, right? >> that's it. it might event a 3-d component to that as well, i'm thinking. but think it's revenue. dr. herderick, when ge obtain

certification from the faa for its lead jet engine, it was clearly a major accomplishment for additive manufacturing. just curious how many pages of testing data does a company need to rely on in order to obtain the faa certification for a new item like that? >> i mean, so our materials testing database that we build out before we take it to the faa, many hundreds, even thousands of pages. it represents over a 10 year journey from initial concept. i mean, it was a single engineer, she had an idea for the fuel nozzle looking at machines and then, of course, it became a cast of many hundreds, and so is a pretty serious book of knowledge. >> it's amazing. i'm just curious, what extra effort was needed to show that the nozzle which was entirely

3-d printed, that they were strong enough and did not create a safety risk? how do you go about that? >> it all starts with understanding the fundamentals of the process and demonstrating what we would call a stable process. so demonstrating over many, many thousands of cycles, not just build one and going out and testing it. it's many years of effort and building many thousands of fuel models and demonstrating that everyone is a the same coming ot of the machine process. we do posttreatment to heal any defects that come out of the machining process and then we ask for the parts before the go out into service. so each part we have a 3-d image of the part before goes on to any engine. >> of course going through this process, it does help ge learned how to navigate this certification process so future parts may be experiencing a quicker process? >> it did. >> that's great.

how did additive manufacturing fit with traditional supply chain? explained that to me better. >> i'll talk about the middle technology. i think a lot of people look at these metal printing technologies and think maybe this could replace casting or replace forging. in reality what we are using it for his to create more valuable higher performance products during the design phase that then transitions to castings and forgings. what it's doing is opening up some highly valued added application which really true that with american manufacturing, high value, complex shapes and parts that we wouldn't be able to sign without having the metal processes during our testing phase. >> that's great. let's talk about costs for a minute. what kind of cost savings do you think could be achieved if a manufactures able to take full advantage of 3-d printing and integrated as far as possible in the supply chain?

>> i think the biggest cost is time to market of being able to get the market much, much more quickly and reducing the cost of different iterations product wise. that's what we're seeing the biggest benefit, getting to market faster with higher performance products. >> mr. orringer, what method of printing was used to produce a titanium hip implant and why was this

you make a part like this, it's going to be tested. you can ultimately cast a pretty solid and in sport. that's going to cause when you talk about titanium, stress on the bone. what we are able to do with 3-d printers were able to actually design a part that is optimized to both reduce stress on the bone and also the poorest enough to get it going to actually grow and actually regenerate. this can only be done through this process. typically what they've done in the past is past this component of have a component on top that is porous but it's not come is relatively superficial but if you can get a densely me part

that is also porous, which contradicted as that sounds, you can help regenerate bone and help with the growth and not lead to bone stress spewing this is not only going to be better but also speed up the healing process? >> exactly. we are seeing this area explode. this is part of the future. >> i want to say thanks to each of you for being here but with my time yield back. >> that chair thanks the gentleman and recognizes the ranking member of the subcommittee, for redirection. >> mr. morris, i just wanted to ask you a question on how america makes work in the health space, has the ability to translate into increased access for patients across the country to the advancements that 3-d

technology has helped to do. >> i'm not sure i have everything. >> i'm just interested in your work in the health space and how that is going to advance patient access to better health care. >> we've got a couple of projects underway. several of our members are deeply involved in medical applications of 3-d printing. again the challenge is to get the word out and across the nation in effective ways we try to do that indication as best we can. there's an interesting things we've been learning in the process both in terms of the technology of how you do the inspections and the similarity of problems for making parts for a jet engine versus parts that would be embedded in a body. some of the more subtle things, and this is -- what your and some of the testimony was the

models that were made. so a major use of the technique of that manufacturing is for tooling. to be able to do tooling to adopt the circuit and to do very carefully guide the sugar tools, et cetera. one of the key pieces of technology that's come along with 3-d printing was 3-d scanning. as i was engaged in a conversation with a research scientist in the medical community, obviously when you've got a piece of bone missing maybe from a car accident, maybe it is a wounded soldier and you want to do a 3-d scan saw it implant perfectly fits. the body absorbs of the implants they don't have to move the metal implant which is really clever. they point out something was i should've seen this one coming. you want it to match, but you also want to match this side of

the head because if you make this one a different shape than this chick, you embarrassed that person for life. there's all these different subtleties that we are committed with the medical community. the explosive use of the technology is incredible. about one-third of the patterns as of two years ago when the medical applications of 3-d printing. [inaudible] >> gentlelady yield but. that chair thanks the gentleman you. i will recognize myself for redirection. you all brought it up so it's going to come up when they go back home. our schools are going to ask us, hey, how do we get that for our students? so any of you want to provide some direction or advice to the members of the subcommittee? >> we have initiated two years ago a process with donors choose where donors can go to a the website and contribute funds

allocated for 3-d printers in their schools are wherever, maybe a boy scout troop, will scout troop et cetera. that is one mechanism for the public partnering in a put their skin in the game if you will to get the printers enhance the youth of the united states. i wonder also -- want to also good to point out an outstanding benchmarking using manufacturing 3-d printing for education is u.s. first, first robotics competition the industry has been stepping up in great fashion to tutor and mentor the team's in the first robotics competition. i personally got involved attending to other annual nationwide and global competitions and we set up folks with 3-d printers and we were doing hospital repair of broken parts in the competition which was kind of cool. there's another excellent model of s.t.e.m. education, training and all the aspects of design including visits with his

technology. partnering with industry to put up the deep engineering talent working, mentor the students outside fiscal. >> very well. mr. orringer, i just want to ask you, i hear the bells go off for a series of votes to go up it looks like we made it there were hearing. but it is for you is we have a long series of votes so it would keep us away for a while so i think we will adjourn before we go and vote. we do not, this subcommittee does not deal with the fda but our full committee does. it just strikes me as we are talking about things like the templates of the lattice to build body parts. this really is cutting-edge stuff. we have a regulatory agency. yes, they are equipped to tell someone how to go about getting

a drug approved. they are equipped to tell someone how to go by getting a device approved for something of this blurs the line between those two areas may be more difficult. so have you had any experience, positive or negative ambiguity regular sight of this on your medical side? >> we are actually certified to build class one, two and three devices in our facility in colorado which were our medical modeling facility is placed your and our folks there tell me it's a difficult process, difficult to be certified to be able to manufacture these kinds of components. you probably want that bill. to ensure that we maintain the appropriate levels of quality, safety, et cetera. >> i'm going to interrupt you. yes, you want it but you also want the regulatory agency to be able to provide you, or of what

the regulatory agency to provide you direction but what are the steps i've got to go through, what is the pathway to getting this completed? and then the complaint i both are frequently is, somehow the rules all changed along the way and that i've got to go back and recertify or reapply. that's the sort, yes, i want the devices to be safe. i do what you about things being recalled we move. i think it's a dreadful thing if it's in a child. but we also want to let the regulatory pathway for you so that you know and it's predictable, that you know the steps in the sequence and you know that would you complete the tasks that's the end of the process, that it's not an endless back and forth we are going to need more stuff, we didn't ask you for this. we need you to go back and do this for a couple of years and come back and see us. when i sing this is your subcommittee, that's the sort of feedback i need to hear, the committee needs to our staff

needs to hear. we are anxious to have this be a continuing dialogue because it is, it is, this is the sort of stuff over the but it's really pretty bright. when i talk to medical students, the doctors, they kids in medical school today will have tools that no generation of doctors have ever known. that's pretty powerful. >> i appreciate that. we will certainly keep you posted. i think it's already been discussed, really huge barrier to entry is just that certification process, five to 10 years just introduced a new material into the system to if we can figure out a way to accelerate that process not only on aerospace and defense i'd like and all of our industries. i think the fda as well as the department of defense have a lot to contribute to this area. we would appreciate your help in that making that i would have been spared thanks to all of you on the panel. it's been a very informative morning. syngenta are no further members to ask questions, i will think

of witnesses for being here today. before we conclude i would like to cement the following documents for the record by unanimous consent, save them for the record from the american chemistry council, without objection, so ordered. i would also like to cement a letter from the specialty equipment market association. without objection, so ordered. pursuant to committee rules i remind members that get 10 business days to submit additional questions for the record i ask the witnesses to cement their responses to those questions within 10 business days upon receipt of those questions. and without objection the subcommittee stands adjourned. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations]

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[inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] >> president obama's heading to florida to talk about the results of the economic stimulus bill. the president going on air force steps at andrews air force base. president obama is going to an advanced ad was played in jacksonville, florida, to mark the signing of the stimulus in his first term.

>> south carolina holds its democratic primary tomorrow. anti-democratic presidential candidate hillary clinton is holding a get out the vote rally. c-span will have live coverage of for a bit at south carolina state university in orangeburg this afternoon at 4:45 p.m. eastern. her opponent for the democratic presidential nomination bernie sanders is also in orangeburg this afternoon. he's holding a rally at 5:30 p.m. eastern on c-span2. >> c-span's campaign 2016 is taking on the road to the white house. saturday is the south carolina democratic primary. live coverage begins at 7:30 p.m. with result in speeches. we will also get your reaction

to your phone calls or tweets. join us saturday for live coverage on c-span, c-span radio and c-span.org. >> booktv has 48 hours of nonfiction books and authors of the weekend on c-span2. here are some of programs to watch for this weekend. metadata is literally the outside of the envelope for electronic imitation. as you said, american law enforcement traditionally has been able to look at the outset as a little. the supreme court decided that

the fact of your phone call, who you called, when, for how long, also was essentially the outside of the envelope. >> watch booktv all weekend every weekend on c-span2. television for serious readers. spent the house oversight and governmegovernme nt reform subcommittee on transportation and public assets held a hearing this week on the federal response to the zika virus at efforts to prevent further transmission. witnesses included florida health secretary, representatives for the cdc, the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases, and the u.s. olympic committee. this is an hour and a half. [inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] >> good afternoon, and i like to call the subcommittee on transportation and public assets to order. this hearing, this is the subcommittee of the committee on oversight and government reform. today we are conducting a

hearing on the zika virus, and we are looking at the coordination of multi-agency response to the virus. very pleased to have everyone join us today. the order of business will be as follows. we will have opening statements, myself and ms. duckworth are here, and other members joining us. we will then hear from our witnesses. and from the witnesses we will kill your testimony and then we'll go into questions. that will be the order of business. so without objection, the chair is authorized to declare a recess at any time. and i'll start with my opening statement and then i will yield to mr. quick. again i want to thank everyone

for attending a that are probably some people who didn't want us to hold this hearing, but i think it's very necessary that we do conduct it. i think the zika virus is probably one of the more difficult health challenges that the nation and the world have faced public since the ebola crises. unlike the particular crises, there's some very good news to report in this hearing, and the purpose of hearin of the hearino to hear from some of those involved in making certain that the public health, welfare, and safety is preserved while we face as possible epidemic. and i might say this is a subject that is facing not just the united states. it's facing the world. so it spread, again, we know across many continents.

we have international events like the olympics this summer in brazil. we want to make certain that american travelers there are protected. nmi so also we have american personnel throughout the infected area in the world who are it's our responsibility make sure they are safe and secure. me of them are abroad serving the united states in diplomatic posts with the military and others and we want to make certain that those individuals that we are responsible for are also protected. i'm pleased with the world health organization. you've heard me, from this dais, raise some serious questions during ebola, that they did not act to alert the public and declare a, the seriousness of ebola at the time. that is not the case here. they have acted.

they have been proactive. i'm also pleased that we have had a very good response both from the federal level at the state level and other agencies in government, and we need to keep it that way. we need to keep going forward. today, the purpose of this hearing is to see where we are and what we have done and where we need to go, and how we can keep this under control. very pleased, we'll have a representative from my state which has taken the lead, and governor scott and others, we have our surgeon general of florida with us. we will hear from again nih. they've done a great job. centers for disease control are here where they are come and give us an opportunity to get an update of the great world event which we are looking at in brazil later this year.

right now, at want to say this and make this very clear. there has been no effected zika infection from an insect or mosquito in the united states of america. no transmission that i'm aware of. most of what we've found so far are individuals have traveled somewhere else and come into the united states. this isn't a south united states problem. in fact, right now, we have a chart we can shoot later, i think as far as wisconsin and the united states and whether the 23 states have now had cases where they have determined that someone was infected with the zika virus. so we don't have that infection from mosquitoes in the united states but we do have people coming in outside who have been

infected with the disease. so we still have a long way to go in the detection process. we don't have a vaccination available. we don't know all the connections and we will have questions in some direction about where we are going to look at how we can go after the disease, either for vaccination or for treatment. ..