>> how did this stack up to things that you've seen. >> for terrestrial transportation, this is pretty good. would you trusted at any moment? you said you got nervous. >> of course i trust my own instincts to control the car. they absolutely swear on a stack of bibles that as that car was accelerating into the turn it would have turned. [inaudible] i would trust my children, their their grown children. i would not trust a six-year-old. >> you would feel comfortable driving your family around. >> of course. it's very, very smooth. despite all of the washington

potholes, it was still smooth. thanks guys. [inaudible] >> now, auto industry representatives and technology experts talk about the efforts to develop self driving cars. the hearing is about two hours. [inaudible] [inaudible] [inaudible] [inaudible] [inaudible] [inaudible]

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[inaudible] [inaudible] [inaudible] [inaudible] >> good afternoon. i want want to thank you for coming today. as we discuss automated vehicles on the boundless opportunities these technologies offer. americans love their cars. since the automobile first rolled off the assembly line in michigan, cars in in america have offered independence, mobility, and adventure.

now, profound profound changes are coming to our roads, technology is coming at a rapid pace and self driving cars will be here sooner than we think. we are facing an opportunity to expand the options for transportation by car while also making it smarter and safer. technological challenges remain a people will need to become comfortable with being passengers in their own cars. we like the feeling of control what we hold the ceric dearing will. perhaps the greatest the greatest hurdle for the deployment of these vehicles may be a regulatory environment with a patchwork of state and federal laws unable to keep pace with these evolving technologies. everything from driver assist functions like lane departure warnings to completely autonomous vehicles will transform transportation and mobility. profoundly affecting safety issues that have confronted society since the invention of the car. in 2014, 32675 americans lost their lives in car accidents.

more than 90% of these tragedies are linked to human air, driver choices, intoxication and distraction. automated vehicles have the potential to drop that dramatically. automatic vehicles do not get tired, drunk or distracted. combating distracted. combating drug driving has been a important to me. we work to change behavior to around-the-clock monitoring is one successful program, i am a just to hear how autonomous vehicles could reduce that. in reducing accidents they promise to improve the quality of life for older americans and members of the disabled community. no longer will a lack of assessable transportation and are for employment or community involvement. as america's population ages, families it may no longer struggle with the difficult decision of when to take the

keys away from mom or dad. automated vehicles could also, and one of the most frustrating parts of modern life, the traffic jam. this alone would improve the quality of life or medic in medic and meters as more time for families. if the car does all of the driving, time spent in the car could be productive. such as a reading work emails, checking the score from last nights game or catching up on the highlights on sportscenter. i'm speaking a mile past mile past acts here. with no more gridlock traffic will flow smoothly and officially, even fuel economy is likely to improve cents automated vehicle vehicle will be more efficient than human drivers. these eve advancements can reshape communities, currently parking garages and service latch take up one third of the land in cities. imagine a technology that will revolutionize the parking as we know, allowing that land to be reclaimed to repurpose.

to implement this feature, we need to challenge ourselves to overcome the 20th century conception of what a car must have. side and side and rear view mirrors, brake pedal, stirring well, even the concept of a licensed human driver. because so much as possible, we must be careful not to stymie innovation because of a lack of imagination. federal and state governments may need to think how they license vehicles for the future. we must ensure the united states remains the cradle of innovation and that we continue to lead the way and development and employment of automated vehicles. in addition, questions regarding liability, insurance, privacy, security, infrastructure, need answers. these are not, need answers. these are not small things but none is insurmountable. in a congress, the department of transportation industry and stakeholders work together. we will see all of the benefits promised. this morning, the committee had a great opportunity to see some of this technology in action

when we brought self drive to capitol hill. continental, volkswagen, and tesla provided vehicles that give us first-hand experience to see what the future may hold in a preview to the discussion of this hearing. i want to thank them for making those vehicles available. this afternoon we are joined by witnesses representing google ex, general motors, delphi and live, and lift, companies with direct stake in automated technology. also joined with doctor cummings, from duke university who is also a distinguished naval aviator and returning witness before committee. thank you for your service to our country. we look for to hearing from all of our witnesses to learn more about what they're doing in the space and their vision for the future. before we hear from our witnesses, some will also by the way play a short video simi technology works, i'm i'm not sure when we got underway that it did. before we get to that, first up senator nelson. >> thank you mr. chairman. so, i am in the tesla, we are

coming back across the anacostia river and getting up on the bridge and then to get on the ramp on 395. i am instructed in the driver seat, engage the autonomous switch. i click it twice, take your hands off the wheel. so, all of a sudden this car is speeding up. they say, it automatically will go with the flow of the vehicles in front .. now we are approaching the on ramp, on 2395. it's a sharp turn in the vehicle is speeding up. they say trust the vehicle. as we approach the concrete

wall, my instincts could not resist and i grabbed the wheel, touch touch the break, and took over manual control. i said what would've happened, they said if you would have left her hands off the wheel it would have made that sharp turn and come on around. so i am here to tell you. >> we are glad you are here. [laughter] >> that i am glad i grabbed the wheel. but we know that if this is working as it apparently is, they are going to be many lives that could be saved by preventing preventable accidents because, what if you suddenly looked down at yourself own and all of a sudden the car in front of you stops whether one comes

over into your lane. things like efficiency, and productivity could also increase considerably. underserved communities without reliable means of transportation could finally be integrated into the national economy. in so many states, this this technology could be particularly beneficial, for seniors and those with disabilities. we have to have the technology writer so the self driving cars can live up to their promise. in the federal government, we have a critical role to make sure the regulatory environment and the legal environment in which american business does

business, is able to develop and manufacture these vehicles. it. it also means that we are going to have to, and our case exercise a responsible oversight. as we have seen in this committee on other subjects, such as the toccata airbags in the gm ignition switch recall, individual components of vehicles with defects can suddenly snowball into major problems. so with an autonomous car, the stakes are all the more going to be high. you can imagine in this world of cyber security and cyber attacks, imagine what would happen to autonomous vehicles to get hacked while they are out on the road. one small defect could end up in

a massive safety crisis. if the problem comes up, manufacturers and regulators are going to have to get together and quickly find those solutions. no more coverups, no more head in the sand approaches to safety. we are going to avoid the tragedies, we have to be johnny on the spot. thank you mr. chairman. >> thank you senator nelson. they did not let me get behind the wheel. i suppose they figured if you can navigate a spaceship that can drive a driverless car. >> it was the terrestrial challenge. >> i want to ask and sent to the summit statements from the national council on disability, no letter from the global automakers and auto alliance to secretary fox to the department of transportation. those will be included without objection. we have a great panel, panel, want to welcome them.

first doctor chris empson who is director of self driving cars were google x. mr. mike abelson, bites president of general motors company, mr. glenn, at delphi automotive, mr. joseph -- was vice president of government relations for lift. as i mentioned mentioned earlier, doctor mary, missy louise cummings, the autonomy lab and duke robotics at duke university. welcome to all of you. thank you for participating today. will start on my left and you're right with doctor empson and proceed. if you could conclude states a five-minute time allotment so we have ample time for members trust question. we'll have to participation today. thank you for being here today. >> thank you chairman, ranking member nelson, and other members

of the committee thank you for biting me to testify today for self driving cars to improve lives everywhere. i've been meeting the technology of google self driving car program since 2009. the video we would have shown earlier captures many of the reasons we are excited about the technology. we estimate 30,000 people were killed on america's roads last year, 94% accidents 4% accidents involve human error. self driving cars can help us change that. not only could i roads be safer but self driving cars could bring everyday destinations a new opportunities within reach of those who might otherwise be excluded by their inability to drive a car. we believe to actually realize the benefits them anymore, you need cars that are fully self driving. that is the car must be designed to do all of the work so the occupants are not expected to take a toll of the vehicle at any time. we are now testing self driving

particles in three states. over the last seven years we have we have driven over 1,400,000 miles an autonomous roads. all using real scenarios helps us evaluate and improve how the cars perform. today, congress has a huge opportunity to sure they can be deployed at scale. we currently face a growing patchwork patchwork of state laws and regulation from self driving cars that have the potential to become unworkable. in in the past two years, 23 states have introduced 53 pieces of legislation's that affect autonomous vehicles. all of all of which include different approaches and concepts. every state when its own way it would be impractical go to use an autonomous vehicle across state lines. helpful clarification to safety standards. the regulations were written at a time when cars could drive

themselves. no authorities may be needed to safely deploy these going for. congressional action is needed to keep pace. we pace. we propose that congress move swiftly to provide the secretary of transportation to provide life safety issues. it would allow us to meet or exceed the safety required by safety standards. we look for to working with this committee, the dot, to ensure the type a new authority can effectively achieve the benefits we also believe it will help continue u.s. leadership on the technology for years ahead. the importance of self driven car technology safely into peoples hand is summed up by those who need it most. during a recent california dmv workshop regulators are from justin harper, a man who is legally blind. justin said, what this is really about is who gets to access transportation and commerce and who doesn't. i'm frankly tired of people with disabilities not being able to access commerce.

our team at google believes self driving cars can ultimately remove these transportation barriers from our society. thank you for your help in creating the path for this technology and for your time and consideration today. >> thank you. >> good afternoon. thank you cheramie and ranking member and committee members for the opportunity to speak to you on a ton ton of us vehicles on the way they improve the safety, convenience and effectiveness of our 21st-century transportation system. my position as i general motors's vice president a portfolio planning and strategy. i spent a lot of time thinking about what will happen with our industry over time, what opportunities there are and how to position general motors to take advantage of those opportunities. you may know, general motors have been very active with several recent announcements.

all of these are aimed at our goal of earning customers for life by redefining the nature of personal ability and extending our relationship with our customers beyond the car. there are four principal areas to this initiative, autonomous autonomous driving, connectivity, electrocution, and right insurance. all of these are built on the same principle, our our top priority must be safety. i like to focus on autonomy. gm has long history with autonomous vehicle research. a recent announcement have shown driving -- from a partnership with carnegie mellon university in 2007 what a challenge by tom mc covering 60 miles and the average speed of 40 miles per hour. tour acquisition last week of cruise automation, gm is rapidly redefining personal mobility. many of today's active safety technologies, such as. range our steps toward the thomas driving.

we are deploying these technologies across more of our portfolio and are also bring in additional safety into technology like collision warnings including inexpensive inexpensive models. gm expects to be the first automaker to bring dedicated short range communication, vehicle to vehicle safety technology to market late this year in the 2017 cadillac cts. this technology will enable vehicles to communicate important safety and mobility information to one another. supercars, feature that allows hands-free and beat pre-driving on the highway will also debut in the 2017 cadillac ct six. it incorporates many of the camera gps mapping and radar technologies they'll be crucial crucial to increasing automation in the future. additionally, recent investment in and ensuring complements gm's

expertise in autonomous vehicles by providing a ridesharing platform to support potential deployment programs. our acquisition last week of cruise automation is another important milestone in our work to deploy autonomous vehicles. funding in 2013, cruises move quickly to test technology. in in san francisco's very challenging city environment. cruises deep software challenge and rapid develop a capability, when combined with the gm's resources and expertise will further accelerate our development of autonomous vehicle technology. >> ..

>> >> and members of the

committee is dissertation for giving me the opportunity to testify. and the vice president of engineering where a high a tech company degrades more connected solutions for the automotive sector. we spent more than $1.7 billion in newly to operate major manufacturing and technology across united states. the portfolio put this is at the center of innovation to keep products smarter and safer. i would like to start by taking the community that was a signed into law last year and would like to take the sponsors senator murky as zealous as chairman and ranking member for the

successful effort to get sticker is enacted. with active safety technology to increase consumer demand. it is a critical step on the road to automated vehicles since those scenes systems in a lot of native driving a part of the active safety system. the video we were not able to show but we've made a 30400-mile journey from san francisco to new york city with a car that was intended% driving time driving without human input. during daylight hours as an engineer we ideal and able to resume if it had a situation or could not navigate on its own. they can make those decisions to drive safely

across the country while remaining alert the entire time. one of the primary takeaways is to have technology available today to dramatically reduce death and injuries. they're not just lifesavers but demonstrated as the building blocks as automated cars in the future. when the conclusion of the fastback as a major step forward to drive consumer adoptions and we have responded in denouncing intention to modernize the new program to require passenger vehicles to be able to achieve the

five-star rating. with the vehicle led every price point. and to promulgate that the end cap rules event with the future we need to be able to communicate with the surrounding environment knowing when traffic signals will change or where vehicle traffic is heaviest to allow the cars to be driven in order to drive themselves more efficiently. to keep them from harmful interference is critical with short range communication to make it possible.

which ended 62 passenger vehicles registered in the u.s.. with the average vehicle age of 11 and a half years. and then to enable those automatic vehicles. >> sari. spread that is a hazard of not wearing the pages. >> or having my reading glasses. [laughter] >> as we talk about

cybersecurity to be aware with the connected vehicles to enable a safe and secure driving experience to awareness of coronation and across the country. end working with the community to leverage the open source information security protocols. thanks for your time in the opportunity to testify. >>. >> good afternoon. and vice president of regulations

the best engineering minds in the world to make it possible for the cars to be safer than human drivers in day company perfectly suited to bring technology to cities and consumers all across the country. there are leased to other components that will determine the future of autonomous vehicles the first is the interaction of people with these vehicles and the much more predictable interface of the government lift has unique experience in this is rabil focus my testimony. wants to four years ago to use the smart phone to allow other people to get a ride in personal vehicles.

the goal was to encourage people to give up their own vehicle to use the empty seats in a neighbor's car and there was a critical factor that needed to be addressed. first it had to be safe extensive background checks were of us followed by unprecedented transparency and accountability for everybody involved. innovation with real-time consumer feedback and automatically receipts of the driver need and picture and route arequipa reason that 30 percent of drivers and majority of writers are women. , the service had to be efficient it is easy for a driver to apply they can initiate the process from this march fall but difficult to qualify. the vehicle had to arrive within minutes as to feeling

like a good alternative. in a few short years they haven't had enabled the new transportation industry to re-emerge from idle resources by any measure it is remarkable and would not have happened if it was unsafe for affordable or convenient. the rapid evolution of the cheers for touche industry has demonstrated consumers are increasingly willing to give up the steering wheel and instead have a vehicle arrived at the push of a button weren't recent statistic shows the shift of consumer pyridium 198346% obtain a driver's license in 2014 the figure dropped at 24% thought that is a 50 percent change that i was 100 percent certain wanted more than anything else when i was 16 years old. something very real and fundamental is shifting.

we're on a leap what can only be imagined in science fiction on the verge of reality. the partnership is based upon the knowledge of the autonomous vehicles can bring enormous benefits the partnership is also founded on a shared understanding the fastest way to bring the benefits of autonomous vehicles to consumers is a ride sharing network like lyft there are serious challenges to be faced with the full value to market for mass consumption and the greatest obstacle is constructive regulation. the worst possible scenario is an inconsistent patchwork of local municipal and county laws to bring it to market.

it is equally as important if we allow the industry to reach its full potential. in the area where lyft has vast experience. three years ago only one state issued a regulatory framework. today 30 states have enacted legislation with another bell sitting on the governor's task awaiting signature. as he embarked upon the mission to bring autonomous vehicles to the public purpose of a dedicated effort to tackle hard questions the doesn't inhibit innovation before word to working with this committee to make sure they can arrive safely and efficiently on america's roads. i am happy to answer any questions you may have.

the specific things for having me back. thanks for the opportunity to appear before you to discuss issues of the future of cells driving cars. with the multifaceted actions in to provide future recommendations including ford and nissan toyota and i am currently conducting research for the national science foundation and on the interaction of self driving cars and pedestrians.

lammas optimistic per those of a not ready for widespread deployment the first is operation in in in bad weather drizzling rain and sudden downpour is. to follow those gestures on rainy day to be the sole driving cars should not be operating in elementary schools at this time for another problem from even prankster intent it is easy to spoof the gps to hack into the system to guide of course, . without proper security systems people could commandeer the vehicles to do their bidding that could be malicious or for the thrill. and there are potentially

disruptive problems. and they can drive with gps shares to make sure nobody knows where they are that could be disruptive to is a the system per our recent research has shown a $60 laser device can trick self driving car to trek to think there are objects that are not there. with the chance to get ahead are to have fun. lastly privacy and control is a major point of contention including where you were going into has access to the data if it is secure in use for other purposes and has yet to be addressed. given that these issues need to be addressed to

understand very much how can we get there was minimal exposure? in my opinion to have no leadership that the cars and driven 1.4 million miles but the assertion is indicative of the selfie driving cars where demonstrations are substituted to say they are as safe to a bid 75 million miles must be driven so face significant testing program for them to accrue miles.

touche your of those cases the extreme conditions that they would operate. and they know recognition is a problem in humans came in the back seat while they take the cars are on autopilot in people will try to hack into the systems. there are many unknowns that we are aware of to be expected in a similar transportation in setting. the faa has the clear certification process never a letting them execute it

and how day test the cars and to make that for validation. in the field of robotics in human interaction in the systems and tell they move away from transportation and evidence based testing end to this said during collaboration to provide much stronger third leadership. >> turnon the monitor there is something. >>.

>> here rigo. you don't have to do nothing. >> and then the accelerated zero days trying to get me that way. [laughter] >> it to help with the komer car hit now with my kids. >> a lot of things are going from place to place. in there is the big part of my life of a self driving vehicle.

>>. >> in 2015 as across the country from coast to coast now this year to the street signs and traffic lights. to cross the street on foot to the nearby mcdonald's or the starbucks. why? to make it safer for all. >> consumer based adoption into saved so many lives the newly.

ended to be on the road over the next couple of years but to equip the car of a variety of different into herbaceous verses like pedestrians see it can take information from different sources to help complete the scenario to improve the consumer experience. >> so that idea to feel comfortable. >> prepared to take over.

>> thanks again to be here to share your thoughts on this subject. i want to start by asking generally end all of you have different roles in this area of but when with these types of cars be ready in the marketplace? we will open that up to the panel. >> though a revision that technology is through the

ridesharing fleet. through the public and to introduce it originally as vehicles with drivers because to do agree we need to collect data in today's -- deploy the vehicles. and then to deploy the technology and the safeway. and then with the drivers to appear in the next couple of years and how the technology develops. >> how will this partnership with gm how does that bear on the timing question?

>> five with our experience in a few short years ago as initiative my testimony the idea to get into a stranger's car was unheard of something that your mother warned you against through safety and innovation with the idea of writing in a stranger's car in debt that scalable rate fell to expand so the visibility not only to enhance the customer experience but reach a mass audience we think we will be using for autonomous vehicles and frankly given the cost in to be the most

cost-effective way this is what it lyft envisions for itself. >> showmanship hacking and privacy and transparency in the not performing as well under those types of circumstances. >> the first being to note is a multiple types of sensors radar envision in some cases is similarly with

other conditions the key is to have a multi sensor approach. so it is true that strengths and weaknesses but by combining those travel much more capable package. >> in response to the inquiry from federal boater safety standards to allow for the google sole driving car features to deploy these technologies to be updated through a link the rule of the key process. >> many have been volatile -- developed in this technology in a leadership

position. looking at china and japan into recruiting engineers from our team. from our perspective it is a dnc and incredible rate to see those economic benefits. with that approval process to expedite in a safe way to allow us to continue this technology. >> and it could be interpreted the driver. the california red dmv needs

as the of licensed operator to be present. how will that concept of driver change with deployment of self driving cars? >> 82 designate so that interpretation to encourage the rollout is fairly appropriate. in we will continue to work with various states to kraft legislation to understanding the complementary roles of the federal government. >> double the of government plays to have a role to ensure there is a nationwide market?

>> do they have a role? >> obviously that is an issue with the wide patchwork of regulations inconsistent from state to stay. so we absolutely need and support the initiative and look forward to that initiative in working with the state's. >> we do a lot of neat things for national security or cyberattacks or the gps hygieia main. -- gm being that we will to detect this technology.

>> cybersecurity is president balch's rotation industries so there are many lessons to be learned as technology is working with companies getting into the drone community bringing those technologies to bear. sova will be multi a dimensional solution. but i'm hoping my peers are at the table to start having dedicated focus instead of leaving it up to the military to develop. >>. >> tomorrow we will march up to the faa bill and what we are concerned about with the

inbound or outbound airliner. with a catastrophic failure. there are technologies that had been demonstrated to take that over and it is available in sooner or later we will have to employ that. so what is the protection for the autonomous vehicle? you saw the "60 minutes" program with a completely take over the car. what is the user? >> tweeting cybersecurity obviously is an important issue in this area every spend time thinking about. we have more data unconnected vehicles more than in the other.

we started with the cybersecurity organization inside that we have the techniques learned from other industries that tries to actively identify the vulnerability is in the system. the senior executive in charge reports of a regular basis to the ceo and the board on these matters. and he also happens to the device chairman of the committee from vulnerability. and we believe that is very effective. >> you think is a capability even without it being

extremely expensive? what about privacy? plan me get to somebody else. >> lyft has to be a platform for it to work to ensure the privacy of its drivers that we have the money under% committed since we launched in devoting resources. to involve people across the country with an internal team and 1/5 to constitute engineers in a similar number dedicated to safety this is how many resources rededicate to respect the privacy of our users.

>> sova technology can protect the privacy of people even in the autonomous vehicle? >> i think it is a means but it starts with the commitment and that is the point i am trying to make why we've partnered with general motors because he knew the commitment to ensure that deployment of autonomous vehicles has to be done to be safe and protected of the privacy relying on these services. and servicing from 2012 and it is now nearly two minutes cities -- 200 city. >> apple seems to be good to

get into the iphone of the terrorist. is the federal government agencies and it's up prepared? >> it is in just a responsibility of nhtsa but a collaborative effort between industry and the technology developers and it is important with those initiatives to work together to promote a uniform approach. and for it to be true. >> thanks for your leadership. i am disappointed i have

enjoyed that but thank you for your expertise. and the next question is is it that the current car or is it an autonomous vehicle to use one of these things? >> we believe very strongly stiffed. >> we need to design with this design in the isolette protection in it may look similar to those on the road

>> if it did say new car. >> bettis is the great advantage to apply the ridesharing model we can let the members experience the technology without buying a new car with the questions of adoption and now people will react we can see with real human beings without spending money to buy a vehicle. >> like any technology to be very expensive as referenced you need innovative different technologies with that computing power on board. it is hard to predict how quickly to build scale has

explained in his testimony to move forward. >> rand with electric engines? >> because of those environmental benefits. there everybody is interested. >> the first to issue a license with the al las vegas strep? >> it is minders standing is this accurate to work

directly what was the extent ? >> the state of nevada wanted to be a leader in this space to instruct the department of motor vehicles to have language to be a first in the nation in rules it's definitely a place they a line in the sand to bring it to national attention for but the same time it kicks off that what we are worried about with the of patchwork of the state-by-state regulations in the to a challenge.

>> knu explained what that this? >> one of the reasons as it does provide diversity with a challenging environment that they have been intoxicated or unpredictable. and of course, to see them taken those precautions it

highlights that they look 360 at all times. so the car sees much better than what he bin driver would see. >> vendor stated one did step out in front of you. >> and that would be a good test case. >> senator broker is up next >> concern with washington is our global economy is fueled by innovation and and america is the global exporter for ingenuity and we have been but we're not creating a rate of the tory

regime to keep us competitive with us faa is now investigating it and this is the same amount of concern it is difficult to hear companies say in those who prefer testy in in europe i'd like to see them fall behind to create that environment because if we had a regulatory regime this is around the right to

brothers river would have gotten off the ground and then to add the testing of the autonomous vehicle to offer more flexibility in the u.k. is rapidly moving forward in japan and has allowed their test vehicle there so are we falling behind in testing? what is this like in dealing with the development of this technology? and what can we do to make sure we keep up with the pace to make sure america leads.

>> to set the stage for adoption which are foundational for automated driving. to get them help there as in the acceptance still employed could for the u.s. and these technologies. the other piece in terms of higher you support to evaluate a real life use case that is what we see in other countries doing to get the systems up and ready to learn as quickly as possible. that takes infrastructure support the government is

best equipped to manage and that is another area where we would welcome in support the agency's. >> we need to think five or 10 years ahead from having smart devices. >> them markings on the roadway. >> so talking about large investor asher investment. >> this city and an arbor is a good example to come together in the surrounding area is as well as the campus grounds. >> we have been very encouraged by the way they have approached this to

recognize it is important to allow us to work together to develop the technology safely. we don't know if this stage all the answers we have seen that flexibility to learn as rigo -- we go. >> into focus on testing. >> so far we found we don't have challenges with testing but what we are most concerned to bring this to market with the regulations that would permit the technology. and they would help pave the way.

that meant a lot to be. >> from the michigan and representing the voters city as the auto manufacturers are coming together with technology companies to create partnerships that will create new job several lead to some extraordinary breakthroughs. so thanks to the witnesses for being here today to discuss this frontier connected with automated technologies and life-saving benefits.

we're on the cusp of disruptive technology unlike anything we have seen over how many decades. over 38,000 people died on our highways last year and your companies are developing technologies? and that is what i believe as members of congress we have to do everything we can to make sure it is not an necessarily deterred. to make sure they are thoroughly testing from the

critical signals the connected vehicle technology should not be connected to a toaster or though light switch there must we safe from cyberthreats with the patchwork with the appointment and instead work to implement a national policy and think carefully about the insurance applications and then shift to the manufacturers. with lecter in year 3.$9 million proposal.

with the f-117 budget request that will decelerate these technologies handed the central portion go to a national facility to connect as reheard country is already established read the to do that as well. to be involved detailed testing to breathe as all other manufacturers together. and to bring all the major factors together when they work together it doesn't

matter if all the hitters are on the road. but perhaps your comments as government officials to create a national center to do that type of testing. >> that would be great but my one concern would be that the testing to be made available to a more expert based community. >> and then to be led? i'm sure i would be happy to. >> end to your point we do find a way up as you indicate you will take a lot

of work with companies and suppliers said regulators. end to approach this. >> to value that opportunity we certainly love to know more. >> into a pickup that was just released last week to the automated vehicles but the report concluded many standards of the human driver of the conventional vehicle design specification becomes a lot more difficult with how we interpret those standards i would encourage

your companies to submit questions to nhtsa said the automotive industry and then she shared testing data with the new national standards. is to have all their working to share information if you could elaborate on some of those ideas i would appreciate it. >> we continue to work very close with nhtsa we have a very long relationship to work together clarity of -- collaborative flee in to look for word of both sides

with of regulatory authority , we want to develop and deploy that technology safely to make sure we can do it safely is very important before reintroduce this to the public. >> so for the last six years we have been the engaged sharing lessons in taking feedback and incorporating that into the program in to build guidelines with those public workshops the brain transparency to the process. >> senator? >> thinking you very much.

in 2014 people were killed and distracted driving crashes and another 431,000 injured right now to a few states are receiving funding to make sure the states besides connecticut it could receive funding for educational efforts so what is the advance of automated vehicles from the incidence of distracted driving? in today in the newspaper one man killed getting the school bus driver was going

now to get his newspaper and the woman hit him was texting. every single day there is something like that. >> with that tragic example is the role of the assistance it could play like warning collision in the breaking and driver alerts as it gets more and more automated those are direct countermeasures in those that are commercially available now which is why we're so excited about the implementation to get that out there to the consumer base.

but as you continue down that path with the sensors that go with it our web enable the car to avoid the situation in that is the ultimate safety benefit with all forms of driver related accidents civic the distracted driving incidents are to the point that the autonomous vehicles can address the large percentage of drunk driving or speed related accidents so there is over depressant of accidents attributable to driver error and should be able to address that. >> this is the power to fight when we look at the

38,000 people it is indeed an acceptable status quo. the technology will never be perfect but to reduce those tragedies is incredible. >> looking at the issue of a drunk driving determined by more than one research project at the advent of ridesharing reducing incidents across the country the ability to play on a mass level to contribute to this discussion to enable that ridesharing platform like lyft on a mass scale to be much quicker than other models could.

>> all love these things are true definitely it will help to redress but the real trouble we are up against the industry in time to see more and more autonomy recently tesla's suffered from one driver getting in the back seat of their car on autopilot although it was quite clear you should be in the seat. humans thinking it is pretty good the behavior will be even worse the best thing is river betty to get out of their car to all be driverless to borrow that would be the safest but until then with gremlins on the same road we have to be

careful how we set up that autonomy. >> we have seen this of a few years ago at the point we could drive well on the freeway imagine if you get in the car and drive it to press the button and then it drives for you. and then we had 140 employees tests that capability and those he said driving is a distraction and there really comes down to the automation and technology that is so good even when they shouldn't

take in that leave to do self driven vehicles. >> that the system can warn them to get their attention back. >> and a question about autonomous vehicles that they no longer called the silver tsunami. said to have more seniors to grasso's questions on the record. >> we will be there soon. this is my neighbor from minnesota. this is great application for her those city the autonomous car to keep them awake as they're driving

across south dakota. [laughter] >> you mean through south dakota? [laughter] >> that is the perfect segue heading west. thanks for testifying. ticket it is refreshing to innovation occurring and outside of washington d.c.. we have the second highest rate 75,000 miles of public rose 95% our role and interstate highways with these autonomous vehicles to have potential for significant safety improvements.

for those this weekend and those to claim the life of a man thousands of lives lost. how will autonomous vehicles reduce fatalities? >> and with our model of the issue is even in the case with 140 people one of the most touching stories a woman who lives an hour and a half from work and told us she wanted to cook for her family in an exercise but didn't have the time anymore she said every day that week chicago for a run and cook for her family because she wasn't exhausted by traffic

so maybe the softer elements or social benefits will be innumerable and hard to quantify up front. >> to see where the driver is looking or if the eyes are on the road to determine the stage of the driver who can be stimulated over those by the end of the year with the autonomous drive the capability. >> i want to prevent now. how does this reduce the

truck driving injuries and fatalities? >> as communicated there are technologies under development is the driver is capable of responsibly driving. to be honest the pace it is moving i hope we can get to the autonomous vehicles relatively quickly. >> we had a horrible wrong way crashes killed three people two weeks ago. thinking the way that google is working could somebody detective you in the eastbound lane headed on the wrong way situation?

>> i am quite sure that could be developed. >> and around the country out in montana is also helped educe with a little different collision with millions of dollars hundreds of thousands of deaths potentially so how could this hope to reduce animal collisions? >>. >> and that those vehicles can even be more perceptive it in michigan we have a significant issue with a year in and this offers a real opportunity.

>> i taught by kids you are better off if you don't swerve some times and is the swerving that results in a significant injury. we have all heard the stories the threat is ever more real. >> is never security to have a dedicated organization to spend time on these issues how to approach december security for those and are not involved in s&l rigo to spend time with the engineers and to compromise.

and then to share that best practices with those solar bolognese -- boulder abilities and so we take cybersecurity very seriously and going forward week move from the ground up and that is our intent. >> thanks for your time and testimony today with how this will move forward in what technologies will be merged in the questions and are the tip of the iceberg as a figure out how this will figure - - affect our culture and economy.

2005 when the auto steerer tractors were the latest rage in agriculture in economic tool over that decade long experience getting down to 12 its accuracy cost about 7,000 to retrofit the old piece of equipment to have it at 1 inch accuracy is 28,000 or they come off the assembly line with the capabilities but if you deal with a car going down the interstate to the question of accuracy but it is satellite guidance versus being on the car itself we're not talking satellite?

>> they do use gps but other sensors and high-definition maps to understand exactly where the vehicle is in the world. >> so as the rolling vehicles are off the assembly line to have the autonomous technologies began to retrofit older vehicles how do we make sure of a responsible body of a regulatory landscape that that used car has the after market system is at the same sort of calibration? >> for the reasons we have discussed earlier, we see this technology as far as retrofitting you need to touch those fundamental

systems so the idea to retrofit the that. >> you will be responsible for that. >> read osteopath to do that some of that is a question between federal and state to allow that innovation to flourish? >> we have seen many states to ensure that technology will come to their state and what we found in most places is to take no action ended

generally can be safely tested in a row we are really looking for is the of leadership that secretary has announced that the federal level. >> crew is doing the best job of not doing that? [laughter] >>, yet there a question at of curiosity with steadier, you drive down the interstate in animal on the side or child had readdress the moral choice the computers have to make whether if it will veer left or right to have a duty

research and study that? >> is an important point is day question humanity has struggled with for hundreds of years in this isn't a right to in philosophical answer so to reduce this to practice that we can implement to see the broader safety belt use so let's try our hardest to avoid the cyclist and pedestrian bin of '08 other vehicles and beyond that to be transparent if he were in this vehicle then you can make the decision if i am okay with that?

>> with the intent is to absolutely to make sure they're never put into those situations. with the emphasis in our mind is a real opportunity. >> with 100,000 new residents 80 percent of the population is on the front range between pueblo in fort collins engaged key to allow the industry when you're limited to the amount of tunnels from a physics perspective as well. it is a fascinating opportunity.

cpac a lot of reasons people are moving to colorado. [laughter] >> automation is good for that. [laughter] >> we may need more autonomous cars. >> these new vehicles is amazing what is happening and i just went on to the highway with the test of the vehicle a look right to and left end look no hands it was absolutely amazing

clearly their promises there i am glad it took the demonstration this morning. back in 2013 and last year i asked the automaker's there doing i found they are not doing enough and after the original responses the report is privacy gets to put those drivers at risk in what we have learned is thieves no longer need a crowbar there also collecting tremendous amounts of vital information

in even the mileage. it is important to have gathered befall vehicles were fully autonomous on computers to get to where you are in and were you want to go i just have a couple of questions to protect driver of privacy in security and to introduce the us by car act with ftc to establish federal standards to protect our

drivers privacy. so answer the question including hacking protection that is all excess planes to be equipped with reasonable measures bin data security measures that all collected the information for unwanted access and mitigation so they're equipped with technology to stop the hacking attempts. dr.? what you think prexy. >> but the concerns that i have from two years ago it is happening to years ago the government institutions cannot keep pace or hire the

same people. >> but this is just to say built-in the hacking projections. >> you need a regulatory framework. >> should we say? >> i don't think nhtsa today has people on the staff that they need. >> that is a problem with securities exchange commission. >>. >>. >> than the standard half to meet the challenges of the future. >> the only have we fully committed but yes me are in

support of those well thought out principles to codify our preexisting attempts and what has been discussed before to be well thought out of what these principles look-alike and in order to do so whenever those principles are put in place it is consistent across the country. >> do we need mandatory? >> but it does help that standard so the question is how do we get there? >> and with that regulation

we think a more flexible approach we have hundreds of people dedicated to cybersecurity ended is a dynamic space. >> and to leave it to the individual companies so i understand the consistency that the same time and to have those certain standards to protect people i was hit by a car dash five crossing the street i was chasing 29

year old i was only five reich's see how difficult it in retrospect the wages want to make sure we don't have the necessary accidents and hackers will have that ability to break into these vehicles there will be smart people to play games going forward. but of 10 companies do it in 10 don't there would be identified by the hackers and we need minimal standards and then to except that as a responsibility. senate bank you for being here may i suggest the answer to the question should there be mandatory privacy standards? yes.

i did not hear that from all of the witnesses i heard answers that implied may be in for the sake of this technology should we is because that is the credibility want to establish to meeting those mandatory standards. >> is nhtsa yclept - - yclept. >> no purpose. >> should this technology have such standards? >> no. we need to address these issues a. >> to any of those other witnesses disagree? >> guess someone to speak about privacy talk about

cybersecurity but from their privacy standpoint it is important we operate only with the opt in principle where customers know to retain that data as long as we need to. >> we're operating privacy is how we implement this in rigo continue to work with regulators with what is appropriate. >> i am not dead technology person. >> day you think that red light means stop? >> let me put it this way. we have great respect and

the answer is yes and exceedingly fragile of people cannot trust the standards better uniforms end mandatory for all the other actors that may come into this space at some point. this is why we have introduced this legislation for everyone who says the private sector can do it voluntarily in the answer to that question was yes we

will respect mandatory standards. i went for a ride today in one of the vehicles that use is the current technology event it is a precedent. it occurred to me with a comparison of the open spaces of the dakotas of minnesota and montana and the tavis driving in downtown new york manhattan in their rainstorm i was not driving myself and i don't know how that technology will fare, and in that type of environment of a close by

suggesting there is indeed to develop the rules of the road to assure that the safety and privacy will be respected. >>. >> in dealing with a question and what about privacy end to be made explicit be aware for retention in use of driving data without losing access to key in navigation with

personal driving information without the owner updating and. >>. >> is a number of technologies and with those visual images san telemetry data and i see it in day need to do talk back with what is going on. and it isn't clear who will do what lynn there are some standards in place of.

>>. >> do you agree with that? >> bank you for the question to that the personal data. >> it should be mandatory. there should be standards but that is the question with that ridesharing when the first launched a lot of high standards with respect to safety and privacy to provide $1 million of coverage. >> and somebody just wants

access to use your service should there be a privacy protection does he think that should be a prohibition on. >> that cannot always be for seeming that many to be mindful of. >> assuming you're doing the right thing? >> it could be used across the industry. >> with lyft developing these policies internally to

iraq as their own volition but it is important to make sure that involvement to know we're the appropriate standards were. . .