britain for his support of confederate commerce raiders during the entire war. it maintains that they have no -- that they violated neutrality by building and supplying and manning ships that they then sold to the confederacy. the british of course didn't agree with that under international law, should spur legitimate articles of commerce and trade. the british didn't actually find the ships in british territory. the confederates are very smart about this. they managed to acquire the ships so under the radar and sell them outside british territory and then armed them from splash chips. but still, the british were interested after the war and recovering better relations with the united states in putting the whole thing behind them. and so they allowed it to go to an international tribunal in

geneva and they eventually found in favor of the united states to the tune of $15.5 million. but that was only for the alabama, with the alabama did and also what the shenandoah -- the ships the shenandoah tech after melbourne. their british would not admit to any complicity for the ships before melbourne because when the shenandoah left great written, she was a registered british merchantmen and she was sold and commissioned with outside or just territory so they weren't liable for the good since they did resupplied and prepare her in melbourne, they admitted no liability for ships dock after that. >> wow. i want to remind everybody that these gentlemen will be selling

these wonderful books immediately following. let's give them a round of applause. [applause] >> thanks for coming. i hope you enjoyed it. [inaudible conversations]

the idea of money is very basic and we've gotten away from it and policymakers today know less about money, monetary policy than they did 100 years ago. since the early 1970s, even though it coming decades in the 80s and 90s, overall our growth rate since we went off the system, the old gold standard in 1971, the u.s. growth rates are less than they were before they been 71. if we've maintained the growth

rates that we had for 180 years after 1971, if we maintain this growth rates after 1971 on average the u.s. economy today would be 50% larger than it is now. steve forbes. >> micahel witmore, what is the folger shakespeare library? >> the folger shakespeare library was created by he and his wife emily folger. they had big idea, which is the original sources for shakespeare in his world would be of value to everyone in perpetuity. so they collected this material and put them here, two bucks in the u.s. capital as a gift to the nation. >> why washington d.c.?

>> excel analyst r. m. this is really a truly national and international asset. in addition to putting the marvelous collection, they created a remarkable building which had the first theater, has beautiful great hall that we are in which is modeled and then another beautiful almost medieval. mr. folger was president of standard and who gave his fortune as an oilman could event was running standard will very quietly acquired a greater shakespeare collection in the world are non, including 82 copies of the 1623. >> we are going to hear that term throughout this to her. what is that? >> the first folio is a collection of 36 shakespeare plays that were published by two of shakespeare's friend who knew him. without that work published in

1623, we probably wouldn't have 18 of shakespeare's plays including brickbats and the winter's tale. it's probably the most studied single edition of the book in the world ended also a great connection to shakespeare, this writer is still used to call it today. >> said that was put together seven years after his death. >> exactly right many of those at rest? >> there were probably 700 copies printed and there are 200 or the three known copies of the book that turned up last year in france. but the folger has 82 and its collection. that is by far the largest number in any one place. the folger's collected the boat because they knew every copy is

different. the printer is corrected this book as it was printed and when they put the books together, they just took from this pilot not pile. so mr. and mrs. folger knew if they wanted to get the best version of shakespeare's play in this book they have to adhere them. >> michael wetmore, are the items you have displayed available to the public? >> yes, they are. anyone can come and see them and we are open to the public on holidays, but we've are created in order to share this remarkable collection. so that's what we do. >> how many people do have come here? >> we have about 80,000 people, a year. when you come here, you can see the corner of our great hall. you can also see one of our exhibitions. you can see the shape class and

if you are a qualified reader, if you have her recent user collection, you can come into our reading room and request items in a rare collection. >> is a reading room restricted to scholars? >> the reading room is district to get people who have a good reason to use it. often scholars a method if you're not and you need to consult something for your writing, we would open our material studio. >> is folger collection online? >> about 60,000 items we have called page opening to the collection are online in the beautiful high quality digital images. or omissions in the collection of people who want to visit us virtually. we are also starting a project to make searchable about 130,000 pages of our manuscript collection. manuscript is henry material that is hard to decipher and we

are inviting others to join in a crowd sourcing initiative to look at some of those pages online and we will to share right. you will decipher it and then add to our collection. >> michael that you first bought there, when did he died with the well-known? the mac he as good as here s. what do we celebrate 400 anniversary of his death to he was well known. there were hundreds of references that occur during his lifetime. one of the things we've done this year is to gather the document to really connect this to shakespeare demand to talk to you so that shakes the weather of god for, we wanted to get that all in one place and so this year our show called life and that i will [applause] together so people can see what

an impact this writer had on the people around you. >> wherein the display hall right now books one through the display. >> what you're lucky not if the kind of room you with a large family estate. it's something you would use for exercise. usually windows would be open to a garden and picture painted collection of us. that is what the room was designed to look like. after 1932, we realize full daylight is not good for rare materials. and so we decided to limit the amount of white space. it is different from what you'd see in england, but it is still grand. you are a high ceiling. it's also got the plaster -- >> would william shakespeare have been comfortable in this

room or would it have been familiar? >> yes, he would. he would about exactly what kind of this is. he did purchase a home in stratford which is quite a fancy pile hometown. one of the things the archaeologist suspects he did was not done better so he can create -- shakespeare actually needed to do something that we would call today a title search, which is to make sure that he has clear title ii this property that he bought with their earnings he had from his theater

career. so we are going to go over here. these are two halves of something that is called an adventure. when this document was executed, the two sides of the deal or the agreement looked at either side which is the identical terms on each side. one is read out aloud and the other is checked to make sure the terms of the deal are identical and then the adventurous cut with the line so that if there separates the, you say show me the other side of this and we will check it. but it is a fascinating anti-fraud device that was used when shakes their decided to check whether he had clear title ii this property and here is a third piece, d.c. were kept by shakespeare and the other party in the agreement. shakespeare would've held one of

these pieces in his hand. he would've kept it with all of this -- [inaudible] >> it's an important document. >> he didn't sign it because he didn't need to. this is probably in 400 years never been next to the original piece of element. this came over to us from london and burnout ringing these pieces together for the first time. it's a nice symbol for what the exhibition ends because never have so many documents directly connect to shakespeare ever been in one place. this is in centuries i doubt there will ever be gathered together again. the ability to bring together a congregation or fellowship of documents is this remarkable moment of connection with this writer. and that's why we really want to share a because it is so precious to have visibility to

show them. the other thing i would say is their chosen to create this online resource with the assistance information of our partners with almost 30 other institutions so that we can show 400 of those documents in high-quality visual images and actually transcribe them so you can search them. it is called shakes are documented and it will be the first and most important for people trying to understand shakespeare's biography in this band is freely available with the help of our partners in appleby one of the surviving legacies of this particular initiative. >> went to some of her british partners think about the fact that the folger shakespeare library in washington d.c. has the largest collection? >> is a mixture of feeling aside because this is their writer, but shakespeare is one of the most important if not the most important cultural export from great britain. shakespeare is a global phenomenon.

there are more films made about shakespeare in india than there are in the united states and britain combined. so the ability to make the connection with the united state and a way of embodied the ongoing relationship between the two countries turns out to be important. so we do have regularly tip automatic gatherings here at the folger. the british ambassador is here. the impassioned her spouse customarily serves on our board. but it is important because it shows this ongoing cultural connection. the other thing i would say as americans really discovered shakespeare in the 18th and 19th centuries and made this writer their own. he was like someone you could turn to when you were in a certain times. you're trying to think about your aspirations are tough decisions that americans were making after the civil war or during civil rights.

there's something about the way he tells the story, the way his words are so vivid, the powerful language that meant that americans felt like they could just grab that and use it themselves. i think of shakespeare as a kind of uncle that we turn to when we need to have a conversation that we can't have with family, with their closest family. there's something good about the fact that shakes here wasn't american. he never came to this country and that gives us of a latitude when we want to stay i think this reminds me of mc fats are when we watch the house of cards and we think that is met that my lady met that married to richard the third. r. when a member of congress will quote shakespeare on the floor of the senate. >> who is king or queen during shakespeare's life during the most part? >> shakespeare was alive during

the reign of queen elizabeth and the reign of king james the first. windows reigns -- from the succession have been, the scottish king came in shakespeare had to change his theatrical crack this. he needed to fly the top monarch. so far example of the play macbeth is a procession of kings and when james watched the performance, he would have been seeing his own ancestors in this play and they would've reflected well on him. so shakes or was aware of his political audience. and that is interesting because we live in washington and washington as a political city which we know so well. shakespeare was careful as a writer. he didn't want to offend his noble page turns for the

monarch, but he also was such a good storyteller that he could get himself into territory that might've been uncomfortable for someone directly addressing the keyboard but claimed, some things you just can't say to a monarch. a shakespeare wrote a play called richard the second about a monarch who has to give over his card to someone who has forced him to be deposed. talk about a controversial idea. you couldn't suggest that about a sitting monarch, the u.k. show it in a play. so shakespeare had a way of getting into that tricky territory by using storytelling in the theater. let me show you a few other things. the >> this is open to the public march 22nd. this may air after march 27th, but if people want to come his events -- >> that's why we created shakespeare documented because that's an even more comprehensive record of this exhibition.

there are 50 very rare documents physically, before hundred items are in shakespeare documented. if you go shakespeare documented.org, you would see all of his material. let me show you another item which is very interesting. over here we have to watch out for the lake here. this is a page of what many believe to be shakespeare's handwriting. it's called the sir thomas more manuscript. it's written in something called secretary and promotions a particular type of scrabble handwriting but shakespeare knew. it is also difficult to decipher if you haven't had experience looking at that type of writing. it is part of a play that we think shakespeare wrote because of the style and there's been computer tasks to ask how much does this particular style resemble shakespeare rather candidates. what is remarkable as it is a

beautiful passage about refugees and is so timely if you think about the use struggling to accommodate all of these people who put their lives and their children on the scene in hopes of swaying a very dangerous play. the speech from sir thomas more asked the question, why would you put your family at risk when it turns out saying him and might even be more dangerous. so we've got this marvelous, really powerful passage written by shakespeare on a piece that is possibly written in his own hand. it's one of the most valuable documents in the world and we're very lucky to have this document here in the united states. it is never traveled out of the u.k. ended this year until the end of march. ..

you really only have a couple of letters to work with for your comparison. and for that reason we would say that it is very tough to establish that a particular piece of writing is beyond a doubt by william shakespeare. but this is a very suggested example.

it's hard to rule it out and it is stylistically, looks a lot like shakespeare, s what did you think of it as one of those oral treasures that just very well might be his handwriting. >> who was thomas moore? >> so thomas moore was a humanist active in the 16th century, and he was catholic. he wrote the book that we now call utopia. so we thought about politics. he thought about rule, and he was someone that shakespeare knew from history and so many wrote about. >> and this is part of a play, correct? >> that's right. this is a speech from that point. the reason why the light is so low is that our own books and for the books of our lending partners, we have what's called a light budget. that means we will not expose a given item to be more than a certain amount of light and we are constantly monitoring how much light is around this book.

>> monitoring this in real-time? >> we are. we have computer readouts. because his writing which is in a kind of iron gall ink is going to fade if you put under light. the reason why we want to limit it is we want people to be able to read these pages centuries from now. >> where is the monitor? >> it's underneath. >> does an alarm go off if our crew put a light right on that? >> we would know. we know enough about our collection to say we don't allow flash photography in the space. we need to eliminate -- illuminate an item we limit the amount of time. it is important for people to see these. as an institution that takes care of these treasures we are always thinking about the trade-offs between providing access and then saving the item. >> want to ask you about this. who wrote the plays? is william shakespeare from

stratford-upon-avon really write all these boys? -- plays. >> people have been debating shakespeare's authorship for over century. we see no reason to doubt he was the man from stratford, a man from the countryside who went to london and became a very, very successful writer. it's really hard to explain the quadrupled lightning strike that was william shakespeare. how could someone be so good at reading human emotions, how could he be so well read out everything that was happening in the world. how could he do this political balancing act? how could he be so successful in the theater at a moment when that was the industry that was developing in london? so he is a remarkable figure. i think is outside ethics in the world has created a lot of

passionate interest in who he must've been and what his life must have been. so we actually have a lot of information about him in comparison to other people who lived during the period. that's why we've assembled of these documents. but it's interesting to us that there's always something more you can learn about this writer. even in the course of assembling this exhibition, our curator has discovered errors in how letters were transcribed. she's asked basic questions such as what's on the back of that piece of paper? where did it come from? and those questions which are the kind of questions that an experienced document person would ask, so he knows a lot about handwriting and a people created historic documents has led us to take a really long look at this record. it is probably the first time anyone has looked at almost all of the evidence at once. so we feel very confident that

shakespeare was the man from stratford but we are also a resource for people who are curious about this writer. you don't have to swear an oath of allegiance would be coming to use our collection. there are plenty of things you can still find to our collection is still not fully explored. so we welcome people who may think in the heart this was christopher marlowe or francis bacon or queen elizabeth i, inquiry into these documents is always good your. >> what do you say to folks like me or others who are, not terribly dim, but haven't been able to access shakespeare, understand him? >> you know, i would say two things. first is you can access shakespeare. and he may know more about you than you do yourself. there was an editorial in the

near times about the importance of the humanities. one of the things this writer said was about their insights into who we are and how we think. that shakespeare captured. he didn't write them in obscure treatises. he put them on his plays. so plays are the oldest interactive art form we have the. they are participatory. and if you can see one of these plays you will see people you recognize your now maybe you will only understand 20%, 30% of the language. join the club. the language is 400 years old. it's beautifully dense and lots of really energetic expression. even if you only get that 20%, that 20% is fantastic. you may already know some of it because so many phrases that shakespeare used our action

already in our vocabulary. and that's one of the great things about this writer is he someone managed to get into our bloodstream. once those words became famous on stage, people repeat them. you could look at the political headline, joe biden has his hamlet moment, going to join the race or is he not? that's a really famous play. and even though you may not have read and look really carefully, you understand that biden has this heart searching decision to make, and it is a big one. >> are you a shakespeare scholar? >> i am. so before i came i was a professor, i can't shakespeare class at undergraduate and graduate students. i've written several books of the shakespeare plays. one of the reason i came here is because this is a great place to share what is so exciting about the humanities. i hope i write more about shakespeare in my career, but

you we are two blocks east of the u.s. capital. our middle name is shakespeare, is the most widely read author on the planet. and we can show people why this writer's ideas and characters and stories still matter. >> jimmy choo in the reading room. >> we will have to be quiet because active readers are working here. -- you mentioned the reading room. >> on one side we have the seven ages of man, and the patterns in the stained-glass are modeled on the stained-glass in the church of shakespeare's hometown in stratford. then on the far side we have a blast of shakespeare which is again a model of the trinity church where he is buried. and then just be low is a brass plaque. behind the plot is the ashes, or

the ashes of mr. and mrs. folger. this is very interesting because that makes -- that makes them the only people who are buried on capitol hill. and that is important because we are a republic and we don't bury americans next to the seat of power as is done in the westminster of abbey. we like to keep people away from the center of power so it's kind of ironic because they own the building and this was their gift to the nation. they chose to have the ashes placed year. >> what goes on in this room and who can access it speak with this is a room filled with researchers who are working with our original source materials, and they are coming from universities. they are writers were writing books for the trade press but they are digging in and as i like to think of people in this room as going on a 400 year submersion dive. one of the most amazing things

about this space is you look around and you see someone who has got their head down, just go -- and that person is surfacing from a fourth century dive into the past and just kind of emerging. but the intensity of the connection and the imagination you've got to have to read and script this world, i always find it so inspiring. you can't really show it because it's happening in here, but it's happening. >> michael witmore is, if a tourist came by and wanted to come in here and pick one of these books off the shelf, is that possible speak with you could come for a tour on saturday afternoon and see this base. but if you will want to handle the collection, we would need to give you permission. >> what does it take to get your permission?

>> letters of reference to say this person really does need to use the collection. we realize that has to last another four centuries. we should have a good reason to take it out. >> there's a lot in this room but you have some hidden stuff that you're going to show us down in the vault. >> i am. thank you, betsy. i am signing up for the keys best he is the keeper of the keys. no one receives keys and less indeed go down to the vault. and no readers in this space will be going to the vault. because we provide readers access, but the fault is a secure space that we need to control very carefully. >> i see you have a friend here with you. spill officer bailey is here.

>> and will be walking us down speak we are going below ground, correct? >> we will be going several floors below ground level. we have a fault that runs almost the full length of a city block, and that is where we keep our air books and her manuscripts. >> were all the manuscripts and rare books downstairs come with a collected by the folders during their lifetime before they died speak with the folgers started the collection but we as institution has been collecting for around 80 years. and so it is a growing and dynamic collection. there's more to find and we acquire it and then we give it to scholars for we take pictures of it and put it online spirit that is quite the door. >> we are now in the vault. 1930 a bank vault door which is extremely heavy.

i don't think i could start it moving and less i had help. we are going to pass through now speech and this is usually not open, correct? >> the officer just opened it with these keys, and i've my own when we need to get out. >> bring our crew in here. that's starlet who has been helping us. >> we have the whole team. so we are going to go right into the elevator which will take us yet another floor below. >> let's give everyone the experience of what it's like to go through the vault. >> let me take this to dixie. >> one of the amazing things about being in this space is, in addition to being a chilly and highly controlled, it's also within, you know, only several

hundred yards walk from this spot are, for me, probably 95% of the documents i read in my working life. forsakes keep -- shakespeare scholar over some who studies the renaissance, once you are standing here you have to contemplate your mortality your because there's so much that you could read and, in fact, peter, a book that could be so important to me could just be 15 yards down on the right. but unless i know it's there, i will never see it. and so ever becomes and works in the collection cases that challenge. there's an infinity of doors and pathways you could go down in your research here and the challenge is to resist all of those opportunities, or almost all of them to just take the ones that really matter to you. >> i presume there are cameras on this at this point. besides the c-span camera? >> are. turn on the light.

we control this space for temperature and humidity. one of the challenges for rare materials is that we need to keep them dry and that's one of the threats to rare materials. a major threat to a book isn't for it to get wet. and, in fact, one of the ways we deal with that threat is were there to be a water incident, we would freeze the books. and that's because it's easier to follow a book out page by page and to control how those materials are changing that it is to make a quick pile and hope that they don't get anymore what. -- easier to thaw. we have protocols to do with that type of emergency, or mold with to be another threat to rare materials, or smoke or fire but that something would actually plan for. >> have you ever had an incident like that? >> we have not had an incident like a fire but we did have a leak in our underground vault, and that was a real threat to our collection.

we had to move collection material in the winter to insulate visible because it turns out there was an underground river that was going around that area. so the vaults had to be re- sealed and we received some money from the federal government from the institute for museum studies and libraries to help us make that transition. thought that helped save our collection. >> what are you going to shows today? >> of several items that i thought you and your viewers would enjoy. the first one i will start with is a first folio. that's this book year. >> can you show the copper? >> i can show you the cover. >> this is again the first folio we talked about published seven years after his death. >> correct. this was published in 1673. it's the most single going collection of shakespeare's works and it's important his friends assembled it because they probably had a better idea of what shakespeare thought was important. they did a wonderful thing. they said here are the three

types of plays, comedies, histories and tragedies which help us as literate critics. this as engraving. it is part of the book. it's missing from some copies. it's very probable in and of itself but then john sununu shakespeare said this is the likeness of a man, and that's important because it's want to get one of person connections to shakespeare. so we would say that this has real authority in the likeness of his writer. >> so if 82 folios in the shakespeare collection, correct? >> correct. >> how many worldwide? >> 233. >> if someone wanted to buy one, what would it cost speak with our very few first folios in private hands and complete first those can go somewhere between five and $6 million. so it's a very valuable book. >> currently give first folios going around the country.

>> we do the one of the things we realized as it comes -- it matters. we realized we could safely take the first to fall due to all 50 states and the two territories which is what's happening now. the response has been just tremendous. so when proposed marriage successfully on the occasion of the first folio visit in oklahoma. someone, there was a jazz funeral for shakespeare coming in new orleans. a jazz funeral for shakespeare there's a great indie rock band that is that accounted for the first folio in duluth. so the ways people react are very different. we've been inspired by the fact that people want to see this book face-to-face. >> what else do you have? >> let me show you a smaller version of a shakespeare play. this is what's known as a portal. you might wonder why we call this a folio.

folio road means a single sheet of paper has been printed on one side and then the other, and then the bookmaker false that sheet into a set of wires and their so together. i quarto is folded twice and then you cut the edges. this is a smaller format the half of his plays appeared in this quarto format before the first folio was printed. that means there are multiple editions of shakespeare's plays. and there are real differences between the quarto petitions on the folio editions. >> in the language? >> and also in some of the stage action. so here we have mr. william shakespeare, his true chronicle history of the life and death of king lear and his three daughters. in the first folio display is not described as a history but as a tragedy.

so if you're creating an edition of display you have to decide for yourself what to call the. because the are two conflicting version of what this plays. if you are doing in addition of hamlet, you have several quarto additions and the folio and in one of those quarto petitions, but to be ornot to be staged raids to be or not to be, that's the point. it's so different from the one that we recognize, and that's because there were different ways of capturing the performance. perhaps that version is from a series of scribes who were transcribing it in the audience in real time. scholars are really interested in fact, and they should be because ultimately you want to create editions of this place because people want to read them. one of the things that happened at full do this with credit for folger addition using this collection. it's the best selling high school addition in the united

states, and almost 90% of american high school students are reading the shakespeare play. but what we found was that we could also share these plays online. so we put them into digital form and they are now freely available, all of the plays and all of the poems for the folger addition, which means we put a copy of the complete works of shakespeare in every person's backpack all around the world. >> what's your favorite collection? >> i have two favorite place. my first favorite ploy is 12th night because i think it is a beautifully built play. each little bit works. it's like clockwork. i've of the main character who is this very, she's a great improviser, and that's what gets you through the tough spots. so i think that's a great virtue. i like her. i love the winter sale at but

it's a play that was written late in shakespeare career and think it's a beautiful play federal limit for adults, although it sometimes feels like a fairytale. it tells the story of why people should continue to have hope for love and reconciliation and forgiveness, even if experience tells them it's probably not going to happen. >> michael witmore, to be or not to be that is the question, what does that mean? >> i actually struggled with it because i do right panel for our traveling expedition. i think what hamlet is saying there is, i wake up every day and everyday i have to ask myself, why do i keep going? and that's a question that deserves some careful attention. and i think any person who has made it to this point in their lives what they do ask the questions has to at some point say what is it that makes me get up, and why is it that i would

keep going when i very easily could become a person who doesn't exist anymore? now, maybe that speech is about suicide. maybe it's just a kind of thought experiment used in production to think it's a thought experiment. but he's really talking himself into keeping doing with life. and it's really interesting because you hearing a very smart person talk himself through that decision, and it's almost as if you're able to overhear the process that he goes through to make that decision. >> what else you want to show us here from the archives? >> so this is another version of the folio. that's the second folder that was printed in 1632. but this is an edition that was censored by a jesuit who went through and said these passages are fine, but these are somewhat challenging.

and so the sensor -- this is his writing right here. the society of jesus. if i have the right page highlighted here i'm going to take off the snakes that are holding this page opening, and i'm going to carefully open the book to another page opening. and you see that these cradles are hypocrites to make sure that we don't stress the blinded. if you come in to look at these passages, these have been expunged by the sensor. this isn't the end of a play called the life of king henry viii. this is a set of speeches, the passages here are praise of the new incest elizabeth, who will become queen elizabeth. and queen elizabeth, if you are catholic, is a controversial

figure because of how she sides in the post-reformation fallout. so that something that the jesuit center said we don't need that. but you notice that the rest of it, so much of the play is perfectly fine. so that shows as someone who says this is a marvelous document and a marvelous plight. i just can't handle or i can't sanction this particular bit. >> moving on. >> and people have been censoring shakespeare for a long time. >> is he lewd? he play blue? >> he plays blue and purple. i think shakespeare has laid out some of the most challenging shares of what humanity is capable of, what our loves are, what our desires are, good or bad, it's out there. that's what makes them a challenging writer. if you read a play like king lear and you want to wake up the next day and eat your wheaties and the optimist, i don't think again.

i think that plays shows communithumanity at its worst at raises big -- basic questions about is there a god? is there a force for good in the world? shakespeare look down right in the eye and the answer is, maybe not. it's not the answers you get from these plays that make them powerful. it's the big question. why do people love, lead or follow? why do they get up in the morning? why is it that the things they think they want are really not things that they want. and why are people so successful sometimes including others to a place where everybody needs to go, why are people so self-defeating? for example, in love come in so many of shakespeare's plays are about the ways in which people sat out to fall in love with someone or to create his happy marriage union, and the path is rocky because people seem to do the same thing over and over again that puts their beloved object out of reach.

and shakespeare got that. it's a fascinating thing about human beings and he didn't hold back. he wrote about. he wrote about all kinds of people. so you've got horse, prostitutes. be a fantastic teams, criminals. you have there is. ya people who turn into donkeys. you get a lot. someone to show you this book. our collection covers much more than shakespeare. is really a picture of the entire english renaissance and it extends to the european renaissance. so we really cover the introduction of print and the 1470s through about the 1730s, which is the full images of the atlantic world which includes the part of the world we are standing in now. this is a copy of cicerone which is a schoolboy's book, this copy happen to belong to henry viii. and henry viii -- >> king henry viii? >> king henry viii.

divorced beheaded died. divorce beheaded survive. this is one company says here in this early modernist building, this book is mine, prince henry. just so you know. spirit of the access of this besides you, a c-span camera crew speak what you can see this online by visiting our website. but if you are a greater here, we will put many of these documents in your hands because people need to look at the real thing. that's a really important point. you can learn so much by look at a digital scan it upstairs you're going to find people who have handled 100 books over 500 early modern books. and being able to look at the paper and ink and i was indicated gives him all extra information at it like to go to do a job interview face-to-face

versus on the telephone, you would prefer face-to-face because there's so much more information there. it's exactly the same way with historical materials. the more you work with them the more you get a sense from the field and the touch at just how things are put together. so we will move around a little bit more. i want to show you a couple more things. let's jump year. this is a copy called the bishops bible. this is queen elizabeth's the first bible. this is her bible that was given to her by matthew parker and it was probably used in our chapel. so the readings during those celebrations in our chapel would've come from this book. you can see that as the beautiful red velvet cover. this is clearly a very expensive book. it has the tutor roses here and it has her identifying marks here, elizabeth regina singh she is the queen. you can also see on this side,

this is actually been textured on the edge. for even the side has had a set of patterns carved into it. when i think about this book, peter, this is the equivalent of a cathedral in the sense it's immensely complicated. the amount of learning and kraft ketchup to develop as a community to get to the point where you can create a book like this is just a tremendous. that's why it's great in its way because it's given to elizabeth and it's a monument. it's not made out of stone but it's fabulously complicated object if you have to learn how to set tight. you have to learn how to handle classical language because the sources for these are greek and latin. all that learning goes integrating this beautiful object. >> when you see this beautiful,

i want to see print or maybe you tell me what it is, the colors are still so vivid 400 years later. >> this is a wonderful example of hand colored or hand-painted early modern print. so this isn't atlas, latin title -- the theater of the world or the globe. and you have these figures representing africa here, another figure here. you've got some pretty grisly stuff down here and then you've got probably something like a goddess wisdom on the top or a monarch who's got the scepter it actually that is probably a monarchy or. what's done here isn't that they made a beautiful printing using a copper plate that's been etched so it's a high quality print, and then someone has hand colored the page itself. and this edition is wonderful

because the hand covering extends to every plate in the addition. so i would just show you this one. this is a europe and some of those is known well and some of it is not know well but you can see the cathedrals, the national borders after congress was created. you have the three kingdoms here, england, ireland and scotland and there's whales here in the west. >> pretty accurate map. >> this is pretty accurate. and, of course, the way in which the atlantic world takes shape is through exploration and mapping. and so our collection holds a large quantity of items about that exploration moment, which includes the moment when elizabethans, jacobean's come to the united states. so we have the colonies in jamestown. that is really shakespeare's world planting itself in north

america. and that's a complicated history. it's part of the history of this country. it's also part of what was good and bad about colonialism. >> was william shakespeare aware of the new world? >> yes, he was. when he wrote the tempest, he clearly read a pamphlet which was about a shipwreck in bermuda, but he makes reference to stories about the new world that were coming back. he never visited it. he probably did not have great information about it, when he uses a phrase like brave new world, he is saying that there's this place that we haven't explored and it's of overturning our expectations about what human beings are like and what nature is like. that's something that was firing his imagination. >> how about one more on the archives here? and i want to go up to the theater.

>> good. so this is a copy of the shooting script for henry v. this was laurence olivier's film, 1945. this gives us his notes to how he wanted, how we wanted the shot. and it's interesting because the film, maybe you have seen, is created during the second world war. here's the famous frame from one of the battle scenes. this was viewed as a piece of propaganda during the second world war because it is so stirring and so much of this play is quoted in support of the idea that england is going to be triumphant. but that's part of the history that we hold for the library of record for shakespeare. whatever the language into something or interest in collecting. that means we even have a klingon translation of hamlet.

hamlet has been translate into a lot of different languages. the linguist who created the klingon language said i needed to hamlet, so we did that and that is also in our collection. there's one more item unlike issue because i think it's so important that it is perhaps my favorite item. this is perhaps my favorite item in the collection. this is a modest copy of shakespeare's poems from the 19th century. you can see it is portable. you could keep this in your pocket. what's important about this copy though is that it's a copy the walt whitman kept in his pocket. this particular book, which was inexpensive when it was purchased, i think represents a direct connection between the renaissance lyric tradition and the kind of poetry that whitman and others were creating as an american idiom in the 19 century. so this is really one of those reasons why the two cultures are

connecting, and it's an important reason why this collection is here in washington. >> we very much appreciate you sharing this with us and our viewers. let's go up to the theater. >> great. >> is this in anyway a public institution? so what is your budget, employees and how are you funded? >> we are a public institution but, in fact, the congressional record, i'll tell you a story about our sort of birth certificate. when mr. and mrs. folger wanted to bring this library, they had bought the property for the parts which is across from the future supreme court and next to the jefferson building. he learned in the "new york times" that the congress was about to take over this whole block for the purposes of another building for the library of congress, and he wrote to the library in and said i have a collection of shakespeare material that you could not afford to create.

it is the best in the world and it is my intention to make a gift to the american people of this collection. and so the librarian went to the congress and said, we need to accept that part of the parcel so the folgers can build his library. and in the congressional record it says that the folgers have created an institution that is dedicated to the public. and it also says that they're doing the work that even a library of congress at this point, it's just into depression, that they can't do. so we were born as an institution that serves as a nation, but what's interesting about us is that we don't have the federal funding. mr. and mrs. folger created an endowment, managed by embers college. but because were not a college or university we can charge tuition and because were not a federal institution we don't get federal funds unless it is a grant. so that means we have to be self-sustaining. about half of our $19 million

operating budget comes from the endowment, a little more. and then we raise or earn the rest of that budget. so philanthropy continuing philanthropy is really important and it gives us the ability to really be the public institution that we were created to be. we have about 120 full-time employees. are building was probably created for a quarter of that. so we really do have space needs and one of our challenges is how to keep his growing collection here and just share it with the public. >> michael witmore is the director of the folger shakespeare library. and on april 23, it's a saturday, joint booktv live from the folger theatre. we will be here covering their program of the 400th anniversary of william shakespeare's of death. we will also be taking your calls on shakespeare that saturday april 23. >> this is a booktv on c-span2, television for serious

readers. here's our primetime lineup. >> mary katharine ham, co-author of end of discussion. what's the outrage industry you

refer to i to in the subtitle sk with what is that the outrage industry? one of the things we talk of this book and the discussion is every single thing becomes a thing. it's driven by social media so it start on college campuses and very tiny slice in speech, the wrong work at the wrong time that everybody gets into it is the about. i think into becoming a lot of pressure on everyday people for how they talk about it, especially political issue. the risk affected come after them of facebook or twitter or even in the job in three places we could face economic costs for just having a quote-unquote wrong opinion or saying the wrong work. is something people worry bout spent guy benson up with an example of one of those wrong words? >> i think there's a bunch of them. we talk about sort of categories of long words. it's a whole lexicon of outrage and silencing like micro-aggression to anything that might affect you for any race as a micro-aggression to

its way of saying i am offended, i will try to shut down. there's also privilege saying if we don't like you are which was then we will say check of privilege. because we put in a partner tight. is to apply to white men such as myself. we sort of think that there are plenty of two examples in life. like you shouldn't try to offend people but you shouldn't be rude for no reason. if you are a white man you should recognize that we have enjoyed a very privileged place for many generations. but those things are not enough to justify shutting down or delegitimizing or dismissing someone's point by the thought which is sometimes how this game works spring this can get uncomfortable. >> yes. >> that something progressive with when we are writing. navigating all this ourselves and who's going to throw a flag on this work is what i do have some fun and try to be smart about it but what we want to encourage is that sometimes

people make mistakes and you don't have to get all up in arms about because that prevents the back and forth. forth. forth. every time you talk to someone who disagrees with you, you are not going to come and get exactly same way about exactly the same thing. we have to have some ability to deal with that little bit of discomfort. >> we had one example where sort of indie lgbt spectrum of issues, other transgender come with conical and end of discussion countries people have transgressed by using the wrong word or adding an extra syllable to the word and that being deemed as trans-phobic and shut it down governor a bad person. we sure this applies to a concerted columnist who got raked over the coals to katie couric and piers morgan sort of mainstream left-leaning journalists. dan savage is a liberal gay rights activists got glitter bombed because he was insufficiently trans whatever. all the way to rupaul, perhaps

the most famous of transgender slush cross-dressing person in america was castigated because on her show she had a segment, you got she male. that was transone but, boom. like no one is immune from this insanity. >> who is being offended speak was that's one thing we talked about in the discussions that these groups can be really, really small and they can make a lot of noise. one of the things society at large of think it's to do is respond occasionally with a little bit more hate, your concern is noted and also shell out. because not that many people actually offended by this. too often we hear the screech of a i think it's a giant giant star because it sounds bigger than it is. sometimes we need to have the maturity to just say i understand your problem but we're not going to stop talking about this. >> one of the feces of "end of discussion" it is primarily the left, political left that is engaging in this although we are

conservatives and we cannot just come so it is out in the book ourselves personally when we contribute to this problem where there is a tendency to try to substitute outrage for actual argument. we try to shut down debate by preventing the debate from happening in the first place and that's i doing. we think that's toxic for a country that should thrive on free expression of robust exchange. >> many on our side was many on our side was we have to have this arms race of outrage. that's the only way you teach these guys a lesson to. >> sounds terrible. >> an issue of outrage we've heard in the 2016 campaign has been donald trump not responding fast enough to david duke and white supremacy. would that be an example that one would find in "end of discussion"? >> i think, yeah. so we talk about them we have a whole chapter on race, and with the donald trump it's fun. he appeals to a lot of people who are adequately opposed to

political practice and he is clearly not politically correct. there is a distinction between political incorrectness and sort of abject rudeness for the sake of rudeness. we are not program is big when it comes to the kkk david duke think of one thing that is frustrating and the chronicle it and talk about in 2012 the left sometimes tries to attribute all opposition to present obama, for example, as racist or anything that conservatives think there's a secret dog whistle that is appealing to racist. i think we ask a question on national covenant about whether or not you're rejecting the ku klux klan and woven white supremacist, that's not a dog whistle. there is one correct answer to that based on just basic human decency and that is to reject them out of hand immediately and clearly. the fact he did and in that interview raise eyebrows for a lot of people. >> there are few things that are rightly relegated to the place in american society and overt

racism is one of them. and so we put want to do is say that sort of status should be reserved for really, really awful and important things, and not redistributed to every little thing. so that's the distinction. i think donald trump is although the of prescription and the problem in this case. he is sometimes off the cuff and politically incorrect or he is attacked us of what say you are this enjoyed that andover you can't have this discussion anymore. is an interesting dichotomy on the subject. >> what is your relationship? how did you get together to write this book? >> we are extremely close friends. we actually looke hook up way bn the day years ago by hugh hewitt who is a well-known tv mainstay, and he suggested, i was moving to d.c. briefly to internet the white house. she was working already at the point that you said you guys should hang out. we did and it out and do we

decide, without us of having conversations quickly about the topic of "end of discussion." we call them had explosions. can you believe what's happening? finally we said some of to write about this. it happened to be us. >> just friends speak with yes. >> there's a chapter in your and i don't know who wrote it, and i will that whoever wrote it talk about it but it's called the vagina demagogue. >> thank you. what we talked about in that particular chapter of "end of discussion" is the feminist movement and how so much of it is built on saying that if he gets up with any part of their political agenda, then you are not a real woman. that's the clear often just explicit disqualification of other women. i happened to one of those women who just happen to agree with modern feminist on every single issue. and yet they was over and over again, stop talking to stop talking. that's enough out of you, or you

are just a tool for other people. that robs women of individuality that it robs them of their a quality to say that unless you're in this space over here, you can't speak on political issues. my grandmother and my mother before me very interested in equality o of the sexes and as i've sexes and as i've hinted at on tv and tried up with them and do all these things at one time. but it didn't get liberated so that i have to believe everything the left tells me to. >> one of the campaign issues, special on the democratic side is women make 72 cents of every dollar that men make your is have something to address in "end of discussion"? >> we do. in every chapter this is part of the war on women that the left promulgates. it's a fiction. it's mostly driven by abortion. we don't want to talk about the women are basically been split

on abortion, they dress up all these other questions and for all sorts of other accusations. the actual -- we can get wonky and talk of economic studies and the reason that the so-called -- they been developed multiple times. the our white house economist who been part of that and the white house itself pays women less than men. so it is used purely for point scoring to try to say how come attention women of america, we got your back, they don't, they don't like you, they don't represent you and help the details get glossed over. >> there's plenty of discussion about what is it application but let's look at the economic analysis. let's talk about the facts and not just a as guy pointed out come white house economist under obama has said that some of the whole story. it's not just discrimination.

if you want to solve the problem then you look deeper than that. that's why we are at. >> do micro political issues like that work? >> that's what they have done. one of the things we address in "end of discussion" is how conservatives can fight back, and we profile senator cory gardner from colorado who support in the 2014 election mark yudof make his entire campaign about the war on women. they called a mark uterus because of consular birth control and lying about abortion and distorting. and cory gardner to get out early on the best way to respond to that in sort of a cheerful, truth-based way anyone. so it's not just all complaining about how the sky is falling. it's not all pashtun we believe in order for this issue, the free exchange of ideas and cutting down on demagoguery, at least some of it out of our political died, this has to come from both sides. people of goodwill on both ends of the spectrum and did between

the to link arms and say let's come together as americans, calm down a little bit and not assume the very worst about each other on every issue. so we can actually have a discussion rather than end it before it begins. >> you can see guy benson on fox news and you can see ham on cnn and you can buy the book "end of discussion." you are watching booktv on c-span. >> of tv as on twitter. father was to get publishing news, schedule updates, offer information at to talk directly with authors during our live programs. twitter.com/booktv. >> ed morrisey in your new book "going red" who are the 2 million voters you talk about in this book? >> the 2 million voters refers to voters in seven key counties

in seven key swin swing states,e republicans won in 2004 but lost in 2008 and 2012. so we are looking at bellwether counties and places like florida, virginia, ohio, north carolina, new hampshire, colorado and wisconsin. wisconsin is an interesting case. republicans haven't quite won wisconsin yet but because of some of the changes that have occurred i think a pretty good opportunity. the idea is to find who those voters are because they key theory in this book is that the reason why republicans win local and state elections in those counties but can't when presidential election is because lost a sense of the voters are, the national level has lost touch over the voters are on the local level. >> let's go to hamilton county, ohio, who are some of the voters republicans have lost and how can they give them back speak with nothing interesting case.

it's the only county that had a net population loss over the last few decades. all the rest of these, the challenges are more about population growth, people coming in from other parts of the country carrying maybe which recall their native political -- hamilton county is one where people have left and they've had a pretty significant population decrease over the last 30-40 years. so the people who are left are people who didn't have the economic mobility to have those options to be. you were talking about blue-collar workers can people to work hard, they don't work in necessarily in high-priced firms working with her hanscom working for food on the table and republicans have an opportunity to make a case for economic liberty based on knowing who those are taking people are in hamilton and what their particular issues are. the problem that you have the with republican party, hamilton i should mention by the way was

at 1.1 of the most republican counties in a very republican state that even when ohio would occasionally vote a democrat, for instance, with bill clinton, hamilton county was very republican and it was a very red county. over the last two presidential elections they voted for barack obama making him a very blue county. one of the reasons is that republicans will message on say the economy by using an ideological philosophical argument that's what i say is that the 30,000-foot level. free markets, lower regulation, but that's all the they don't talk about the fact that for instance, in cincinnati the epa is requiring the city to separate their sewage system from their storm drain system. very expensive project. this is something they've been doing with other cities around the country. these are older cities that had

sort of a merged system and the wanton separated. the city put together a plan to comply with epa. the epa accepted it and then after that they discovered they could for about 40% less and still meet all of the epa's goals. epa refused to reopen the issue. so as a result you have people who are going to be hundreds of dollars a year in extra utility cost in a city where people don't have that kind of disposable income. just because the epa will not go back and reope read open that ps and allow the city to do it less expensively, more efficiently. so if you're going to come and talk about regulation stifling economy and taking money out of your pocket, as a presidential candidate you should know about this issue with the metropolitan water district and why it is costing them hundreds of millions of dollars more than it should and why that one will come dragged out of the pockets of the constituents there. tv talk about that, that makes the economic issue, the economic

argument much more personal. there's a much greater economic connection. that's what barack obama did in 2008 and 2012. he learned about these communities to decide this organization, diverse network of people he rolled out across the country. when they were talking but issues like the economy and making government work better am it would look to these local issues, it ambassadors to talk about this and these are the types of things i'm going to fix when i become president. that's one of the reasons why people such an emotional connection to vote for barack obama in 2008 and white sustained through 2012. >> this day she picked -- the states you'v you've picked and d at are must wins for the republicans to win. what is wisconsin a special case of? >> republicans have not won wisconsin except been huge

landslide election victory. rented ronald reagan won wisconsin twice in his elections. normally this is the state that stays pretty blue. scott walker guide elected in 2010 and put in place of reform, divisive issue in a state of wisconsin but it paid a lot of dividends. in fact, one study that just came out in march, excuse me, late february showed that the state and local governments have saved about $5 million over five years thanks to the reforms. so they were able to stay away from layoffs, use money wisely. that's the type of message republican to talk about usually when they're talking about trimming government and trimming regulations and making things work more efficiently. so there's an opening for the republican message that scott walker and the wisconsin republicans have opened up.

that's 10 or 12 electoral college vote. that's better than colorado, nevada and new hampshire. new hampshire is considered a key state for both parties between because it says something about the reach of the national message. wisconsin to get republicans to take wisconsin out of the democrats hold and put in their column they think it's feasible to do that. then there really resets the whole midwest and rust belt for republicans in the way and winning wisconsin would show that kind of strength throughout that entire region that would be difficult for democrats to counter. >> ed morrisey, what is your day job? >> i work at hot air.com, senior editor. i do a twice a week podcast on politics and culture, and also what i write columns for the fiscal times and for the week. >> in this election season have any of the candidates done what you're suggesting here in "going red"? >> i think if you take a look at

the primaries, the primary races, i think ted cruz has done a good job of getting on the ground in iowa especially but also in texas. he knows texas very well. apparently obama as well. we are hearing a lot of things about his organization that can to make you think he's on the right track in terms of what we're talking about. ..

that we can do it post your and feel that means that strong women -- women who did not traditional jobs and women who stepped out and -- in the ms knowledge here the more and more people are identifying with the contribution women made, but also knowing in their own community that long beach, california was an contributor to the success of world war ii.

the war change the economy tremendously not only for long beach but the rest of the united states. long beach was experiencing a depression although we're very worse and that had discovered oil in a 21. and so, the town was moving from the oil industry at that point. what was happening on it was weavers and the development of aviation and long beach. in 1911, kyl rogers was the first transcontinental ride and came from new york and knock your long beach and made history in 1911. we have a number of aviators who brought aviation here to this that he is the one that u.s. army was looking for a place to build a plant to produce aircraft would need in world war ii, steps away we have a wonderful airport that was founded in a 23. it was one of the airport that had a takeoff and landing in

different directions, which the army loved because they could use military planes in the way they couldn't use other places. so is open in 1941 in october. without we are going to produce the 826 which was of bomber ease her friend in england. but then what happened is on december 8th, we had pearl harbor. a couple of things happened. most of the ships destroyed in pearl harbor had been anchored here in long beach. the founding left behind the long beach family not not a well-known fact out there and how much long beach with connect you to pearl harbor. so what happened then is douglas went into full production mode and was turning out things 24/7 and then he did a lot of people to work here. the women for the first time were brought out of the house and brought into the workforce.

douglas is employing 45,000 people a day in the long beach area. and about ready 8% of those people were women. the women were trained immediate need whatever kind of shot that came in to take in the night had to with because a lot of these women had never worked outside the house and it's kind of funny when you look at their training materials from douglas, they were doing basic x emissions of what a screwdriver was the mother branch was, how to use a hammer properly, how to read the blueprint and the most important thing they had to be a top was a fee because we didn't have a lot of safety regulations but we had women come in men and the more fascinating they is women with long hair. they were told immediately to pull it out because they could get caught in the machine and several women was galloped because of his cot in the machinery. the other you could be

electrified. you start being in the movies, women paired these new data and women to public office in. it was supposed to protect you from grease and dirt, but it was a safety regulation. there was a lot of practical training that when i'm in the women first took the job for the most important learned nothing is happening to this and under repetitive work, very dirty where, very exhausting work for 10, 12 hours. douglas did an interesting thing. they hired nature and who work in the restroom to -- they had women count those as well that could help women who have difficulties. a lot of them had problems because of having teeth and 10, 12 hours. a lot of people developed a slouch from bending down and constantly riveting, they hurt their shoulders. the rivet gun was interesting because they put it in the

promotional material. if you can iron clothes, you can rivet. well, there's not a lot of connection there other than favorite and that the regular iron they used was heavier than the gun. that is true but when you connect to the rivet gun to a tremendous air pressure to drive the rivet, women became black and blue because it was caught simply hitting them. this is a new x euros for a lot of people and a especially for women, the kind of labor most women have not been allowed to get into and out they were acting to do everything manually doing the job. they were doing everything. they were doing wiring, riveting. it took 100 xt 5000 with the two got a plan together. that's a lot of rivet. that's a lot of people. good work on the out side. you would have. you would have someone drive the rivet and hewitt have someone in

side and they particularly need it smaller women. in fact, douglas hired men who they referred to them unfortunately it may just be a bit worse mall so they could put them in the fuselage and be there to push back and flatten out the rivet. we hear more and more about that here that they did everything. they put engines together. besides for the bombers that they were accurate. anything you can think of, the women did it. there is no you can't do it because you're women. they were expected to do everything but the man had been on the job doing the same thing. on that aspect they learned how to do and find jobs they would never in their lifetime next act they would have scales. when they went home, there were various build and repair and

doing handiwork and he was a real change for these women. the other side of the women in launch vehicles not rosie the riveter, but the air service pilot, those were the women that once the plants are manufactured, they were then flown off to different locations by women pilot in we had one of the largest contingency is that the long beach airport. they didn't get to do before the war. soldiers didn't know what their wives were doing and partially because i not only the good stuff. the women were doing nasa never winning the war. but there is a negative side to it. there were people who were opposed to women while being the ships. so there's propaganda that the ships are going to use me because they were made by women.

so women had to fight that kind of propaganda hearing that i worked and how they say what i did was not safe. the b-17, one of the reasons the memphis belle was falling all around because first abolish of the resilient to the scene. you could shoot at the plane and it survived, but it was because there was a lot of rhetoric going around that the b-17 was called the lady fair plan because women put the b-17 together here in long beach. the rhetoric was going around by some members in congress another place is that women's were producing it was not a safe airplane and should be put together like men. their satanic end quote constantly. they heard with their wide statement of fact degree. the movie swing shift with goldie hawn is based on the douglas plant in santa monica, which is almost identical to hear because a lot of things

have been when women work outside the home. there were a lot of divorces in two because they suddenly decided they could he singled. they could be independent. they also formed on the relationship of the work place. it had an impact on this alters the balance of not that, too. what was happening with their wives being out of doing work with. there is no man in the fact race. young men were waiting to go off to service or they may have had a deferment. so buzz and unlike me that they would not be somebody out. once it was over, propaganda shift it in the magazine in the movies. you expect it if you were a woman to go home and get the jobs to the gis who were returning. so after the war, very few come a handful of women remained at douglas aircraft when the korean war broke out. there was an uptick lately. but it never got back to the

amount of women that was during world war ii. there was some resistance in society and most of friendly employers. they wanted to employ the veteran i came home and so there was a preference given to man. it's interesting to watch the movie .. in articles. your place in the home was than in the fact reenable on her. this period in his areas important because i think people need to wonders and how war has still not society. when world war ii was happening, every single and in society was involved in a mass that does it. every single person. the women were working in the factories. kids in the classroom were encouraged to do things to support the war effort. every day was about the war. we don't have that anymore. we have the data for going on in there a few people even know

that we are losing men and women still in their country. so that was a big difference. it did change the role of women. it was i think the seminal event that sad we can do it. if women can do anything, if they are given the opportunity to do it. once they open the door, it is very difficult to close it. the women whose mothers in the 40s he was here are some of the most feminist -- became the most feminist in the 70s because their mothers told them, look, we did all this stuff to a lot of people didn't believe women did all these things. when we open the park in 2003 invited anyone who'd been a rosy in the area. a woman came up to me with a scrapbook. she is all kinds of things. urquhart from working here and all that. i said what's the matter. she said i didn't think anybody would ever remember what we did. and i thought it was a chilling

statement because i do think there's a lot of people who don't know about what happened and they look at the weekend to oppose her and they do think maybe it was the 70s. they don't quite understand who these women were and they don't understand the sacrifice these day. women were too. i think it is an important period in history. it's so important in the city of long beach booster the population. we have a naval shipyard as a result. we became the center of aviation in california and grew our economy from there and i think we need to be grateful for the men and women are not only gave their life but who work on the homefront to do that.

>> next, craig smith shares from his time in the white house an important speech writers and presidential elections. >> had the deepest target and speechwriting? it's an amazing story. i was a high school debater and then i debated in college. i would have to double my major from history into communications studies and then i women to graduate school but i never thought of speechwriting. i just taught beach and got interested in various areas in the field. when i was at the university of virginia, i was asked to give a guest lecture at the university of north carolina chapel hill. i went down to chapel hill and give my lecture at 10:00 in the morning and president orders begin on the campus admin and all of us decided to go over and hear him because how often do you get to hear a president lies. the president gave a speech that

was really not very good. it was disorganized. it was rambling. my colleagues to collocated me a lot like how can you be a republican and support a man who can't even give a speech. i murdered a five piece the speech and then i mailed it to the white house. the president united states, the white house, 1600 pennsylvania avenue washington d.c. appeared a week later i got a call of a fax to come interview speechwriting job that was so thin. they had checked me out with certain people they knew that to me in the debate world. and then i came out that much of the interviewer mike got the job. it's just amazing to me that the first time i was writing a speech for anybody but myself is the president of the united states. making a match between a speech writer and the client is something that happens after you're hired. some of the best speechwriters

in the world did not get along with their clients. it's when you find an action you only learn that through the writing is. so for example, john kennedy went through a number of the traitors before ted sorensen, the legislative day from nebraska became his speechwriter. and then it clicked. what happened with me with the hazing. my first speech that i was assigned was to write the president beach for the southern baptist convention meeting in norfolk, virginia in 1976. you had a conflict to speak in front of the other baptist and it looks like a very difficult time in. we were running against jimmy carter's who was loved by the southern baptist and hit up in there and brought the house down. so it's a very tough time in. we went down. the president got up with my speech which had gone through 10 drafts. the art of writing and he was

about a minute and 30 seconds in the speech and he was interrupted by applause and a kind of threw him off because it didn't happen to him very often. he lost his place, got back on script. the "washington times" brought up the speech is one of the best ever given in suddenly president ford and i were together a speechwriter in the client. and it went on successfully from that point forward. why did that speech resonate with the crowd? i think i do hottie of mouth is is critical to giving a good speech. aristotle tells us strategies used in the speech should literally come out of the audience. i had done at this work on that audience. there is a lot of evangelical there's there. i talked to southern baptist preachers and i think adapting

to the audience was the first step. the second step to me the president comfortable with the organization of the speech. he knew where he was going. features are embedded is visible. people they retain a third of what they hear. you have to repeat the topic but here's where we are now. here is where we are going. and makes the speaker feel comfortable, the audience feel comfortable and that is what happened with that speech. after we lost the presidency landed a job at the university of alabama, birmingham. while i was teaching, bill harris, the new head of the alabama republican party to me and said would you help me out -- and mark i had to tell republicanism to alabama and in the latest polls expert and say they were republicans. you can would have gone from 186 he said that it is a very blue state. i went to work for bill harris

and we needed to raise money. we experience republicans scamming. john connolly said no. ronald reagan said no. and then where's george herbert walker bush to come in and he said yes. so he came and spoke at a big fund raiser in the civic center in birmingham. birmingham was the republican city at that time. so we went to the civic center and i was sitting at a table in near me was this nerdy young man with long hair and said why don't you tell us what you think george bush's speech and i said well, okay. i'll do that. so i took notes as bush spoke. when the speech was done, and a young man turned to me and said what you think of it? he's obviously very front of the airy bright, but he organization anything style. it's obvious the speech wasn't rehearsed and he needs to leaders that young man said my name is carl rove then i worked

for him. i can take you out to be a dog when it is a mashup chance of mr. bush and he invited me to come to houston to meet him with him in his life in january of 1978. so i flew to houston at january and came to the house in a three-piece suit in houston. all very formal in the morning. mr. bush came to the door and he was in a t-shirt yet i'll never forget of the spread. he said if you get out of this silly by federal cookie brecht is. we went into the kitchen. he handed me a cup of coffee. he is cooking me at and mrs. bush, barbara bush comes into the room and looks at georgia man looks at me in that bag of madness he had been there with a cup of coffee with no sauce surrender. we have the chinese delegation coming in tonight. i don't know what got into me. i said with altars that i came to your door to three-piece suit

and i'm not going to spill a drop of this coffee. she laughed, george laughed and we had it on for this point on and became friends. i became a consultant and writer to george bush and his campaign in 1980. we won the iowa caucus is and then we lost new hampshire. the battle went all the way to jean deforge george h.w. bush pulled out and ronald reagan became the nominee and then he put rusch on the ticket with him. and then i continued to cruise boat with mr. bush, vice president bush all but time into his next residential run in 1988. the biggest challenge for me writing speeches for george bush senior was he didn't like rehearsing. fatah was unmanly to rehearse and had to commence in the ronald reagan rehearse, other people i worked for had rehearsed and he really needed to rehearse speeches. when he rehearsed he was really good. in fact, went the night of the

1980 convention he gave a terrific speech and that helped him get on the ticket. reagan was watching and he said i did not think i could speak that well. it's because he rehearsed. >> we want to republicans want the winner. the american people, regardless of party want a winner in the white house after four years of jimmy carter fumbling incompetent leader. [cheers and applause] we have such a winner and his name is ronald reagan. [cheers and applause] every once in a while he would not rehearsed it in the speech wouldn't go so well. i have to tell you the best beach in the world if delivered badly is a bad speech. sometimes the bad speech delivered very well is a good speech regardless of how badly written it is. the delivery is kind of a bottom-line for me when i work with clients.

one of the things i do as i delivered a speech before i let them look at it so they can hear it first and then they can look at it. they can see the rhythm, see the freezing because that's really important. when you know when a speech doesn't work, it's usually pretty obvious. i'm lucky it rarely happened for me. i don't mean to brag, but my speeches generally went very well because i monitored them, nature i rehearsed with the client. but when i was working for president ford, the representatives of what nation came to the rose garden to give him an award and i have a speech for him is put on cars. he took it out, delivered it beautifully. everything went well. the next week the mormons came to give him a little nashua represent a salt lake city and he went out. same thing. i'd given him the speech on the

cards in the kind of flubbed it cometh tumble. i thought what happened, what was wrong? i was walking back from the rose garden and i said with all due respect to speech went terrifically. today not to much. what happened? they have a motion picture camera going. i said i don't understand. what the problem. he said it makes me nervous when i see a motion picture camera. here's a man who given 530 speeches and nobody had determined that he was camera shy. so when we went to kansas city for him to give the acceptance of the nomination at the republican convention in 1976, we were her severna five cameras live in the cap going through the speech so by the time he got up to deliver yet gotten over his camera shyness and gave a great speech. >> tonight i can tell you straight away this nation is found. this nation is secure. this nation is on the mark to all economic recovery and a

better quality of life for all americans. [cheers and applause] be not speech i wrote to receive the most attention was when i was consultant to governor pete wilson ran for president. he had a short-lived campaign. he had lost his voice. we had trouble fund-raising. candidacy in new york harbor in front of the statue of liberty and he talked about law and order, how much he supported police, illegal immigration which is one of the things he was trying to shut down. it made the front page of "the new york times" and i must say that the best reaction i've ever had to win a speeches i've written. the bicentennial speeches that coordinated all of them wrote two of them in full for the president and got a lot of tension also in a lot of favorable press and put forward

back into the race, going into the bicentennial, were 33 points behind jimmy carter and everybody had no ford and campaign. by the time we finished the bicentennial beaches we were only 10 points behind and at the end of the acceptance speech in kansas city, ford was only five-point behind and after the debate the race is dead even. you can make a difference with the speeches you deliver and the presidential campaign. debates are really tricky and we have so many of them now, far too many in my opinion that it's very difficult for speechwriters to do with much good as they can. i felt so bad with senator marco rubio when they had given him a line and he kept repeating the line which wasn't directly respond to the question. is the beginning of the unraveling of his campaign. you also have someone ignoring speechwriters could someone like

donald trump making fun of 50 was in junior high of people saying women don't look very good, referring to carly fiorini no-space. speechwriters would never write things like that. there has been a deterioration in the rhetoric of the candidates. you don't see the opportunity to write a good speech. there are exceptions. marco rubio has given very good except as beaches on campaign themes. hillary clinton has gone from a wood and strings between a 96. if you look at her big jury, that speech is extremely well written, extremely well rehearsed them very well delivered. best speech i've ever seen him give. >> instead of building walls, we need to tear down barriers. we need to show by everything we do that we really are in this

together. so there is a place for the speechwriters. i know that jeb bush called on people to get them help and improved them in the debate but it was too late. the debate are really difficult. can go wrong. when i was coaching president or, as i said we won the first debate in the race was dead even. we were optimistic we would win. in the second debate, when you do is at the palace of the arts of san francisco. we knew the president was going to be asked. in answering that question, he said look, yugoslavia has remained in that direction. poland is not dominated by the soviet union and "the new york times" has to follow a period >> i'm sorry. did i understand you to say, sir, that the russians are not using eastern europe as their room and went unoccupied most of

the countries they are and making sure their troops have a communist so farsighted so i'd come committee italian printers though flirting. >> i don't believe, mr. franco to yugoslavia sitter themselves dominated by the soviet union. i don't believe romanians consider themselves dominated by the soviet union. i don't believe that the poles can better themselves dominated by the soviet union. >> immediately after the debate going up to the president through his advisers had you are going to hold a press conference immediately annexed them what you meant you're the president said what did i say? he said use of the soviet union doesn't dominate poland. the president that i didn't pay that. while what did she say? the president said is that the soviet union did not dominate

the polish unit in their minds and heart. we played back with the president said. he said at a fit in their heart and in their minds. i love the phrase off it will hold a press conference and clear that a period henry kissinger came up in the what's going on? we explained what happened and kissinger said you can't do that. you hope the soviet and i'm trying to get anatole sharansky of the soviet union. they debated for five days and during those five days the election looked away. people were reminded the president had tripped and fallen. he was made fun of by chevy chase on "saturday night live." all of that came back and he became the mistake prone president because of this mistake. he did correct the record five days later in california but it was too late. the debates are really dangerous. they are released gary. speechwriters have buried work into current campaign. start by saying that bottom

line. speechwriters are important in terms of getting the phrasing down so that it means something. hillary says we shouldn't be building walls. we should be bright enough barriers. that's a beautiful phrase because you got the alliteration of breaking down barriers. that is a well turned phrase and becomes a campaign slogan. she says that all the time now. those are the kinds of things to speechwriters can do for a campaign to give the cohesiveness. >> in an age of taliban, in the age of the internet, we can't

even imagine our ties meant for political propaganda without visual images. but those visual images matter before a tv. often more important than tax entrance and in the story. people tend to believe what they see. we are attracted to images. we often learn quickly and easily. we have emotional but want this to images. they were master manipulators and they were very effect to anything offers a topic and a payment reticular to create and disseminate the world fear. so they controlled arts and architecture and they have fantastic displays and a man and they created a political spec to call youth and culture. the american government during world war ii off in its propaganda very effectively. what aisha when it is during the

military occupation of germany, does the american military and the soviet counterpart were also used in every method of propaganda and cultural control to transmit messages in occupied germany. to teach them a lesson about the president in the future. some of the propaganda method imposed by the americans in soviet with the use of photography, even the use of art, believe it or not, on that it of information telling german and narratives about this mouse. let me go into some of these methods of propaganda in particular. i will start by telling you a little bit about the confrontation policy as it was

called. american military commanders decide on the ground to break german civilians living in the affinity of the concentration camps to bullying them to tour the cans under american military supervision. some men, women and children are brought into the camps. they are made to look at the bodies of the vic jones. they are to bury it under military watch. we know there were at least 24 such visit to concentration camps. a few thousand germans were brought in to see the camps. this is a policy of again pretty much created not free design, but it didn't fit the american policy agenda at the time. in 1944, the office very clearly

explained that one of the things that the american occupation junta did was to convince the germans that they were guilty for crimes. and the confrontation visit, to visit the german civilians came with erratic that emphasize your guilt. these crimes are a product of germany. these are a product of german enthusiasm for hitler. while you are parading around, you made this possible. the concentration camp is that propaganda for the german public did not last very long. after a few weeks, the

concentration camps are closed in the bodies had to be buried to avoid the disaster. by 1946, united states government had moved away from the notion of collective guilt, that all germans were responsible for the crimes. why they alienated the germans. nobody likes to be accused of genocide. it alienated the germans. it is dangerous because the soviet were not freed german but this harshness or the cold war starts heating up in our time. this is all a competition between the americans and the soviets for the control of of what we would now call the german heart and minds. the confrontation policy really dissipates as the americans move

away and instead embrace the notion of individual responsibility. the crimes of the third reich were horrible, but we can cooperate with the german people in the western zone and we can rebuild together with german collaborators. in the period that i study which is 1945-1949, with the allies stood, particularly with the americans did in with his odious stood really shape how germans responded. the american military government soviet counterpart were in control of the situation. either moments of resistance and rebellion? there's no doubt american had a

very strong campaign iconoclasm, eliminating all sorts of paraphernalia and they had a strong campaigns in their ship, not allowing propaganda chaser relator recirculate and then check it and controlled the propaganda message. for instance, you can say did the germans had their own voice? yes, they had their own ways, but that had to be within the limits allowed by the occupying powers of a journal published commentary that the american military government did not like. maybe the american military government information control division accomplishes provided see what is going on then it would get paper cut in the

journal would no longer have access to paper in which to print. or the editorship of the journal. it was something that allowed a regulation in the political conversation. as we look at american policy in occupied germany, we see clearly that it molded and affect did buy a lot of factors. the way that germans reacted to american policy really mattered. but the soviets did really mattered. and a third point is very important as well. american domestic politics affected how the office of military government of the united states and germany was able to act in occupied germany. so let me give you an example and talk for a moment about

film. the context again matters here. we fight. the united states by its peer world war ii defeat the third reich and imperial japan. we must remember that we fight world war ii with a segregated army. there are racial tensions in the united states. in fact, the still the time of jim crow. we have institutionalized racism in this country and we are going to see how the american government in the war department feelings on race and chavez cloud would actually do impose for germany. that excited about a little film called the brotherhood of man. an 11 minute film that was

created in 1946. the aim of this little cartoon film, its aim is very basic. it was to tell a non-complicated story of egalitarianism. the moral of this little film is that it doesn't honor what color your gamez. we can all learn. there is no sad to be in an area superman. all races, all colors of people can learn if they are given and are socialized into the process. >> calling it is a little and being of what i said before. >> that was the message of the brotherhood of man. the brotherhood of man was based on a pamphlet that was written a few years earlier by two anthropologists.

two anthropologists have written this as an anti-race is manifesto. thank you for your sake decided to commission this film, to make a film out of the pamphlet, loosely based on the pamphlet he cuts an american factory in 1945, 1946 was a lot of racial tent in. the idea is to show the sum of the fact drew fuller and try to convince people in a very simple way that we are all pretty much the same. in 1946, as the film is made, i'm off there is in civil affairs division decided, let's buy some copies of the film. the kind of film. let's try and lead it into german and let's show it to the german public. this is a great film.

the egalitarianism shows the importance of equality. the story of course gets more complicated. the film is never shown in germany. the war department. the new vector is the laborious department here in the united states who was safer event segregationist sat up slowly now. this is not a message we want to spread. the war department stands kindness they will not show the brotherhood of man. the controversy on the way to president truman. but he is unable to do anything about what is it very well with his agenda at showing the united states in a positive light. the united states anti-colonial wanted democracy and equality.

this film is never shown. i should also tell you a few years later, the people involved in making the film are all investigated by the united eighth congress on charges that they were communist. so why do i tell you this story? it is just a little 11 minute film to create rational the implemented in germany. but the united states congress wanted. right away, one of the most important elements in soviet anti-american propaganda at the time was precisely at american races. the soviet pounded on it. this is how they feel. here they are trying to bring

democracy at home they are races segregated country. so movies like gone with the wind. gone with the wind was not allowed in germany because of floods they vary. grapes of wrath was not allowed in germany because it showed political problems in fact he and the rest. but so the war department and the state department were to entertain the public. they were trying to craft a positive message about the united state for german substance. as brotherhood of man shows, crafting the message is pretty problematic because it was not obvious what that image wanted to project. things have changed so much when people are coming or what lessons can be derived from the american occupation of germany.

a very interesting topic that i've been working on the last few years can keep it less and as we go into other military occupation. when i started working on the project at the university of chicago where i got my phd in the department of political science, the reaction i often thought of a political scientist and historical military occupations. that is a thing of the past. american foreign policy has taken quite a change. we've been in iraq and afghanistan and asian american occupation. there are certain issues that the american occupation of germany can talk to. at the same time, it is a very distinct case. world war ii was very different than the war in iraq.

two of the unconditional surrender elimination of the party. when we go into germany, we go into occupied. there is no notion here that we are liberating a society. the american military government was clear about the occupation and seemed quite comfortable using the spread of force censorship, iconoclasm and propaganda are false or in occupied germany. in terms of visual control, technology has changed things so greatly. controlling information is obviously a lot more difficult now than it was in the 1940s. there's so many more channels of communication, voice and the conversation had so many more ways of not her. so many people want to be

involved in the conversation. it's much harder not only to control information, but to have a solid propaganda message, to have one believable that doesn't get contradict did by authors of other voices. information control poppa granda was still just as important and it's definitely changed. there's no doubt about that. >> it used to be a lot bigger deal to be a columnist. you are chosen by the newspaper to be pretty much the malady of the news paper. i think i still am but it's gotten so small now. when you're the spokesman for the newspaper, you're the spokesman for the city read.

i don't feel like velocity reads me anymore. there's so many other ways to get exactly. you can tailor your columnist ear rub me. you don't go to various websites that people like to read they agree with. back in the old days they read who they hate. they either hate or love what was read. now if they don't like you, they don't have to read me. i sent a journalist at long beach city college in the mid-70s and i was a columnist there and i was kind of famous in the quad area. i said i must be pretty good at this i came to the press telegram and then i would happy to be a columnist here. they said not so fast, buddy. so i started out, glue pots, go out and get take-out food for

the copy editors. not a lot of booze for the copy editors. you are just a slave, do whatever you're told to do. and then i got to write a copy boy, but they told me a little story. i started writing kind of bigger features. and then a kind of slid into being a columnist. my first assignment at the press telegram -- there was a couple of them. one was to cover a music festival here in town that i really enjoyed at cal state long beach. it was a really good festival. they had jimmy buffett, try clarkin emmylou harris and i said is it okay if i cover this. that's going to be my first story. i made myself so sick with fear that i literally couldn't stand her do anything.

i called in sick. this was in a good way to start. it was funny how scary it was for me to be doing this because we had so many people here, so many readers in 1976 when i started that it was a big thing and i was very nervous that image is from being a student and from paramount. i would see them in person. it is a big deal. this gathering back then with a lot of people. we had three great people to spruce things up if the writer was a good reporter but not a particularly good writer. we have copy editors do with wind up the mistakes. not just spelling and grammar like they kind of do now. at the copy editors in those days were largely left to 60 and

had been reporters and new the city into the background of these stories so they have really good questions, not just style questions. they would say i give you his number. so it's a real team effort. editors were very hands-on. reporters helped each other out of love. still do. but it was pretty intense. researching the story now is tremendously easy. ironically because of the internet which is also destroying the newspaper. so there is that weird dynamic going on. thanks for helping and thanks for controlling my job. before if you wanted to know vice president the company would have to call the company and safety one ask them they would say will have a pr person get back to you tomorrow with that name.

it could take you forever to do stories. it always win in the most trivial problems. we all had comments on our desk, running back and forth to the library to go through the americana britannica, the encyclopedia of 17 years old. i'm going to the library a lot. going to the periodical guides. it was torture compared to today. today is so much easier. tpd seven years of research in three and a half hours. now you hear everybody on either side of the idle complaining about the media. the media does dispute the media does that, plus everything out of proportion. i don't think we try to blow things out of proportion. we kind of know what sells. if somebody gets murdered we are going to put it in. somebody fixes somebody's bite, we are not going to put them in. when i started writing, it was

pretty much on the heels of other president men were trusted implicitly back then it seemed like. people weren't really worried about things. they'll want to know you are going to put my name on this, are you? the police don't talk to us. city officials don't talk was about to go through all the right channels. before it was a lot easier to talk to people. i'm not sure what started to change. i don't know if kind of the creepier side of media ruined it for the more noble of us. people were a lot more theory of the press in general. the future print journalism is pretty dire. newspapers close all the time. hundreds of thousands of reporters are losing their jobs. i little microcosm. we had a thing, 700 employees

spread across the street 1520 years ago. now we just had eight or 10. a lot of that is misconception. people used to work at our newspaper than our on-site. we still have photographers and sports guys. craigslist just killed newspapers. reese to make at least 50% of our money from classified ads and now we don't. i see a classified ad in the paper i wonder why they are paying for this. there's kind of a famous being here at the paper were the bosses were kind of laughing about the idea of craigslist when it first came out. they were actually laughing.

by which a give away ads for free. and it turns out the better question is why would you pay for an ad? we will find out. it's gone away in a lot of places. i don't think it's bad to good effect, especially the small papers like a. those are the ones who find the corruption at the local level. you know, the clerks swiping money. they find so much that's not going to get covered on tv. or the internet. it is where a lot of the small news comes from. local heroes, just local issues. i mean, we don't have a television station because we are in the market of l.a. and l.a. rarely does. they can for stories and one of

them fell into a swimming pool. ..

>> the book is called "fighting fear" because there was fear of japanese attack on the long beach area. as you know, the war in europe started in 1939, and franklin roosevelt looked to pacific coascoast and he realized that e needed to be better facilities here. so beginning as early as 1939, additional shipyards were built in long beach. and by 1940, there were 13 shipyards in the harbor area including five new ones that have been built. all of those people that had come to long beach were seeking work there. roosevelt also saw the need for more aerospace industry. and again in 1940, donald douglas set up the douglas plant out by the long beach airport,

which at one time throughout the war years employed 173,000 people, and had a payroll of $113 billion a year. we have people coming from all over the country to seek the jobs in the shipyards and enable industry, at the aircraft factory. and basically all they needed more jobs are they didn't worry about where long beach was situated in the possibility of japanese attacks or anything like that. all they knew was that this is what the jobs were and this is where they came. it was a tremendous blow when people heard about pearl harbor because it was already a navy presence in long beach. and so many people had relatives that were over in pearl harbor. it was tremendous, the outpouring of emotion. and one other thing to realize is that that period of time there wasn't any government aid

for widows. i mean, these women were getting nothing in their husband were dead. it was gerald who first came to the rescue and he offered to hire and train any of those widows for jobs. but it wasn't until the late 1940s actually that war widows got as much money as war veterans. you would have thought it would've been the other way around. but it wasn't something that conflict had even considered or thought about it so here are these women with their husbands dead, no way to support them other than savings. at least they have jobs, and it wasn't until later as the were developed that a more equitable settlement was reached. everybody welcomed the military here. there were problems, they could

a lease to go to these areas that used to be off limits to anybody except the whites. they had their chico type of dress with big padded coats and hats. and they made their way to long beach in june of 1943 i believe, and there were riots. the military basically taking after these zoot suit there's. and even people that didn't look like zoot suitors were attacked one was an african-american who just happened to be by city hall another was a filipino worker that was pulled out of the theater and beaten up by the sailors. as a result, long beach pass an immediate ordinance saying that there could be no congregation

of large numbers of people that might develop into a mob. and probably the most interesting ordinance that i found was that on victory in europe and v-j day all of the bars and liquor stores were ordered closed. after the war was over, everybody was ecstatic. rationing was no longer in effect. it's interesting about rationing because one of the things they rationed or fabrics. and this is something the sailors and the soldiers loved because it meant that women's skirt lights went up. away went the pleated skirts, and guess what developed was the bikini, a two-piece bathing suit that was one of the benefits of rationing. one of the other things that happened after world war two was the beginning of the atomic age. it was so sad for those shipyard

workers who had built so many ships during world war ii, to see them taken off of our shore and just sort of turned into reefs for fishes. but i think the saddest was when there was a contingent of ships that sail away from long beach to go to the bikini until in french polynesia for the atomic bomb attacks. but some of them looked upon the same well, you know, we gave so much implement a ships can we give our lives, he gave our all. at least they're going to a glorious end that will show the effects of atomic bombs on warships and send in some cases they also put animals on board the ships to see the effects that would happen. but it was sad. it was a long line of private boats that would follow the ships as they sailed away from long beach to head for the bikini until in the atomic bomb

attacks. things gradually cut back to normal but then came the korean war. they're going to be closing the facilities at long beach airport, and that was reinstituted. things stayed in place pretty much in terms of what the military presence was doing here in long beach, at least to the korean war. one thing to understand, what the city was like when it went through some of its darkest days. how ac was able to incorporate all of these additional people that came into town, -- a city -- to try to find them housing, to find them jobs, to basically get to the war years and all of the fears that existed back there together. >> during booktv's recent visit to long beach, we spoke with oliver wang whose book "legions

of boom" looks at the influence of music on large minority populations in california. >> the way the book begins muslim in the 1990s i was both living in the bay area, i was a dj, a music journalist, still am, and anyone into dj knew about these world-famous filipino-american doj's. these are people like shortcut, mix master mike, dj apollo, et cetera. when i had the opportunity to speak with them come to do a story for an outlet, i want to know how do they get started and what was the origin story if you appear to think they all shared in common besides being filipino americans from today is they started a mobile dj crew. mobile doj's do church parties, weddings, school dances. so the reason why they're called mobile doj's it because they moved to québec from one location to another and they set up their this apply to speakers

and all that. in the 1980s as i learned through talking to these doj's in the '90s, it was this community at least 100 different crews that came and went through the course of a decade that created this incredible party scene. very little people know about or have spoken about. to get a lot about the so-called turntable and scratch djs, djs, the scratch djs but the generation that preceded them with a mobile djs. as much as have been written about scratch djs, i got almost nothing about history of the mos where the first idea first began to germinate. the oldest crew i could find was a crew called sound explosion and they started, they formed in 1978 at a high school on a public high school in san francisco. it was between these friends and family members who are all going to school at the tiger they were

all involved. i learned this especially for san francisco cruz, a lot of the djs first got started and met one another in drill teams. they were basically performing on a football field or have time doing these five teams. part because they get to know each other in these drill teams, this is the same collective that would end up creating their own dj crews a few years later this is how sad explosion begins. what you have in san francisco, neighboring cities like daly city, a high percentage of filipino-american students. the families have all come to the u.s. in the previous 10-15 years basically following the immigration laws, the imposition of martial law in the philippines. this creates a large exodus from ththe philippines over 30 euros over the course of the '70s. and by the end of the decade, the begin of the 1980s you have this generation of

filipino-american youths who have grown up in the bay area and these are people who begin peace groups. to be filipino, especially in the 1970s and 80s, i think a lot of the junk people grew up with encountering non-filipinos who have very little idea, to quote one of the people i spoke to, he would run into people that would say to them, i don't know what he filipino is. are you some kind of asian, latino? a lot of what this speaks to the ways in which filipino americans historically have been at best marginal if not just invisible within the american racial and ethnic landscape. but that said, partly that ambiguity i think allow them to move between different communities. partly because they are throwing parties and people like going to parties. they like going out and dancing and having a good time. even though passionate and was not exclusively so the a lot of these djs came out of family to which even if the families

were earning somewhat of a middle-class income, a lot were very much were underemployed. they might have been doctors in the philippines but they come to the u.s. and now they are nurses or medical support staff. they are not able to find work that's at the same level of employment they would've had in the philippines. they were attorneys of there. now become paralegals here. this is a very familiar kind of unemployment phenomenon amongst immigrants, because a language, because they're seen as different digital have the same kind of job opportunity as a result. i do think a lot of these young people even if there growing up in towns that have middle-class means they see their parents struggling against his drop off in prestige and a drop off in economic status that comes with the immigration process. these djs were incredibly important within the social and

cultural lives of filipino communities and families and student groups and churches your partly because if you're going to have any kind of social event you wanted to have music. in the 1970s before the djs came through you would have a communal stereo system where people would bring records and during the course of the night you would always have music. the important thing was you would always have music. we djs came along, now if you are somebody for a house party or for your wedding or for your birthday party, whatever it is to supply the music for you. so they really became a key kind of music professionals for the social life of filipino americans throughout the bay area during this era. the end of the dj scene from the mobile scene specifically really begins by the early 1990s. it happens for a variety of reasons. one of them is that they become victims of their own success is that a lot of in nightclubs and radio stations that have largely ignored them for the course of the 1980s now realized there

are the fiber djs, they bring people out. we should start hiring them. the problem is part of the logic informing at dj crew specifically is that your group helps you with a labor. they provide come help you move equipment, setup, store all those things. when you're dj at arena stage you do need anyone to help you. ugv to show up and do your thing. these radio stations and the nightclubs basically begin, whether they are intentionally doing it or not, they are rating the talent out and making them irrelevant. >> i think the power of music is intimate and personal as the district is also incredibly social collective. part of the we find people that we identify with, birds of a feather, i buy the things we have in common. similar taste in music is an incredibly powerful bonding force. we may have different backgrounds but would love the

same artist with the same genre of music this is a way that brings people together. >> for more information on booktv's recent visit to long beach and the many other destinations on our cities tour go to c-span.org/cities tour. >> crystal wright aspect of her desperate you are a publisher of conservative conservativeblackchick.com also for the new book "con job: how democrats gave us crime, santuary cities, abortion profiteering and racial division." krista white the a lot to get into in the title of your book by want to begin with this quote from your book. harpton and liberals are quick to label every incident in america racist, from voter id laws to the shooting of black teens, it diminishes the rightful attention that true racism should receive. what is >> host: what is the true racism and why are some issues t that you bring up inhat yo that example not for racism?ually deo

>> guest: actually devote a chapterchapte in the book "con . the true racism. it's in the appendix and it's mt family's personal stories of being discriminated against. when i was a little girl and they applied to a country club told that they d't want my parents to be members because they were black. that case went all the way up to the u.s. court of appeals. 1980, the u.s. justice department filed an amicus brief because they said 13 years after the civil rights act had passed, this is not what america was about. so that to me is true racism and discrimination. i would say, when someone is denied access to something, that is true racist discrimination. when people are called the n-word out right by white supremacist, that is discrimination. ,leve and bundy, the rancher

the incendiary things he said about black people, that is racism. what is happening now is you have this industry where people like al sharpton and cornell west are getting rich off of calling everything racism, jumping into racial division incidents in the united states and profiting on it. jesse jackson is another one. that to me is not being a champion for ending discrimination, that is a champion for making money. host: you say it is something the democratic party is trading off of. guest: it is trading off that. you see the narrative playing out on the democratic side. we have hillary clinton and bernie sanders, which are the democrat front-runners. -- only one fine for the only ones buying for the democratic nomination. they are pandering to black lives matter. we saw last year when bernie sanders is that an event, he didn't give what black people felt was an appropriate

lipservice to black lives matter and he was heckled off the stage. what is that? i want to hear about candidates policies to make all lives better. so right now, there is a race going on a democrat side with the candidates to get so-called black endorsements. it is fast and furious, their meeting with al sharpton. i don't know about you john, but i'm a black woman. i speak for myself. you was a white man don't have white people telling you how to vote. why aren't hillary clinton and bernie sanders getting the endorsement of so-called white americans and so fault -- so-called white spokespeople? they should be talking that their agenda for black america and they haven't. hillary clinton supported her husband's crime bill which locked up and incarcerated more black men than any president in u.s. history. he created the disparagement between sentencing of crack and crack cocaine and cocaine.

that led to the mass incarceration of black americans. i would argue that neither candidate has done anything in their decades of services to help black americans. in your bookue that they are voting against their own interests when they vote for democrats. -- overwhelmingly you have over 90% of black americans the last two election cycles voting for the first black president united states of america in two dozen eight interest 12. i talk about this in con job, the subtitle of the book is how democrats gave us crime, century cities, and racial division. book ison i wrote the to really exposed to america the lies that i believe the democratic party is based on. i have 50 pages of mostly government data to prove every

point i talk about. abortion is not a friend of women's health because according to planned parenthood, three out of 10 women by the time they turn age 45 will of had an abortion. you tell me how that is promoting women's health. we should be talking about abstinence, we should be talking about -- if a woman comes into an abortion clinic, she should be getting counseling on you can have your baby and put it up for adoption. none of that is happening and planned parenthood is getting 40% government funding to fund their $1.3 billion i think i talked about the book that they made in 2013 and 2014. with black americans, what i also talk about is often times you see democrats pitting one constituent against another. they actually cannibalize constituents. there is no party that can be all things to all people. that is a failure of identity politics. your hillarynd clinton and bernie sanders and

barack obama talking that illegal immigration which is actually the imminent -- enemy of black employment in this country. i could probably go on and on. host: last to get to there. we want to bring in our callers. phones are open. ,emocrats is (202) 748-8000 republicans are (202) 748-8001, independents (202) 748-8002. james on -- in hollywood, florida. line for democrats. james, go ahead. james, your to sit by your phone. josh from kissimmee, florida. for republicans. caller: good morning. i would like to ask your guest how she feels about the narrative that all republicans are racist and the fact that my daughter and i we went to a trump rally in the crowd to see trump, there was nobody was saying racial epithets or anything like that.

how can we get around the media's false narrative? guest: that is a great question. will that is why wrote con job, that is also why a started my blog conservativeblackchick. calm. --.com. if you go back in history way before 1964 when the democratic party started owning the black vote lock stock and barrel as lyndon b. johnson actually signed the civil rights act into law and he marshaled it through. really for political expediency. before that, you had republicans theally champions all things that now the democrat party is giving lip service to. i think more importantly it is people like you and me speaking out and saying, you just told me you are at a trump rally. you didn't have people calling each other incendiary names.

i do not believe that donald trump is a racist. i would have liked him to repudiate much stronger when he came out against the david duke support and white supremacist support. he has since done that, saying he does not want that kind of support. he can't control the votes for him, but he needs to talk in the ,ein of ronald reagan and say if i'm elected president, i will bring all people together and repudiate that kind of trash talk and racist talk. host: are you voting for donald trump the cycle? guest: i have not endorsed a candidate or decided who i will support in the d.c. primary yet. i will vote in d.c. primary as a republican. there are those of us who exist. we are a little over 30,000. i like what donald trump's candidacy is doing for the political establishment called the republican party because inclusionone deaf to and that is why we are in the state we are. beredicted the party will

born anew, even if trump does not prevail in being the nominee or elected. host: your column about donald trump and this issue of the white supremacists and his comments about that. you notes and criticisms for the republican establishment that is taliban has done nothing to grow the party beyond college educated white base over the past four years. remember vividly when mitt romney became our nominee and i was a new ingrid supporter and delegate. every turn to volunteer for mr. romney's campaign and never got responses. i was on television supporting .im, supporting his wife he ran one of the whitest campaigns in recent memory. that means that while barack obama was using, even though i don't believe in barack obama's policies, perception becomes reality. president obama

president obama had people of color picking list of actresses in hollywood to go out there and help them assert his campaign. you didn't have the syrup it's looking like a who's who of white america. the opposite was true of mr. romney. not just in the people he was using to talk on his behalf by his campaign largely white males. he had a bunch of coalitions your backup the african-american coalition, the asian pollution. but that's all they were. that was reflected in the vote that mitt romney won. mitt romney won 60% of the white vote. that was more than any president. we see it's not just the white e vote. are nominated in 2016 but have to peel off minority's, women come independence. really disingenuous and really an affront for mitt romney to get up there and start blasting donald trump when he lost an election in 2012 that many people say he should of won.

my party has problems on inclusion. he is waiting, line for democrats from waldorf, maryland. caller: hi. good morning, c-span. and good morning to your guest. that herselfing and i would probably not agree on many things, but after hearing her, i think i might change my opinions. the first is, i do sincerely disagree with you with the definitions of true racism versus i suppose you'd categorize it as not racism. i think your definition should be broadened to include both covert versus overt racism.

i think that is really the definition that you probably should be speaking to. that, i statement is agree with you in some aspects in that the democratic party probably should not have a lock on the black vote. very --that that is not it is not very informed of us voters to simply voter party. i myself -- , as i get older and i and become informed i suppose, more active in the political process, i think i have changed my understanding of who i should vote for and maybe i am more than independent than a democrat. host: i'm going to let crystal

jump in. guest: thank you. you make some great observations . i think racism, if i had more time, i don't want to dominate the short time i have the talking of the different types of racism. i spirit's from professors when i was in college, in high school. we probably don't have enough time to go into all of that. host: what about her preferred definition? covert versus overt racism. there is overt racism that we see that we hear. i gave some examples. hirings covert racism in practices now with fortune 500 companies. you have racism. -- cab drivers in major cities look at a black man in suit and tie and won't pick them up? certainly they do. that goes to my point. if all white people are racist like al sharpton wants to label,

what's happening now is you have huge masses, a chasm of racism. al sharpton is really interested in making the races come together, he would jump into like baltimore or michael brown or trayvon martin, hewitt and she take a step back. he goes down there and flaps his loudmouth and creates tension. tengion that does not produce anything but friction and violence. else she said, i also wrote the book because i'm not trying to convince all people that they have to vote democrat. i'm saying that she pointed out that black people have no political influence. we gave that up over the last 50 plus years that we have voted single-handedly for one political party. no other race does that. just because you do we have voted single-handedly for one political party. not the race does not. just because you have a d. or an r. next to your name, that doesn't mean i'm always going to go one way.

politicians have to earn my vote. like people need people made to hold politicians accountable, particularly the democratic arty is not delivered on the promises over the last 50 plus years. right now you have two democrats promised in the black lives matter and it's the same lipservice we've heard the last four years, the last eight years before that. i would argue over half a century, lack minds have not matter to democrats, black lives, like education has gotten worse, black wealth has gone down. everything's gone down the toilet when you look a black lives. close quote the black lives matter campaign has become nothing more than getting confrontation with police camera particularly white officers across the country to jeopardize their own lives and provide the democrat and there were a charlatan allies is another instance they will leverage into more looting and votes for

candidates with a d. after their name. the book "con job" gave city's abortion profiteering and racial division. crystal wright is our guest for the next 25 minutes. one for independence. good morning. >> caller: thank you for taking my call. quick comments, i don't think it's really as simple. just by your personal history, you're in a high socioeconomic group. that is why the democrats appeal. it is a working-class situation and it's not really racism. that is my comment. >> guest: i am going to disagree with you on that. democrats when it comes to black americans, the number one thing causing most of the crime and lack of education that my race is experiencing if they continue to vote for the same party and get the same vote.

the 72% of all black babies are born out of wedlock. that means more black babies are born to homes without a mom and a dad. whether you look at brookings institute our heritage, which are polar opposite. one is on the right, one is on the left, all data shows went a baby is born into that situation, their chances of fun into poverty, not graduating from high school are exponential, over 70%. if democrats are interested and i talk about this in the book, "con job," how do we stop lack from having not just one generation, it's many generations that started happening in the early 60s when daniel patrick moynihan who was a democrat senator worked for president johnson, he wrote the moynihan report. the family is the formal term of

it. he wrote to president johnson when he was an assistant secretary of labor. he said i'm concerned here. houston, alert, alert. you've got 23% of black 80s being born into homes without fathers and i'm seeing a rising increase of black women depending on welfare. seven men going into jail. fast-forward to today. the problem is only gotten more acute and president obama solution was my brother's keepers program. it was more coddling of young black men. this is basically a mini program i write about "con job." the federal government program that would teach black men how to be men. that's the responsibility of the parent. we need to be teaching abstinence programs and personal responsibility. i disagree with a collar that it's about socioeconomic. yeah, it is about more than that. you have more black americans not taken responsibility for their lives.

it is never going to change and they keep voting for a party that continues to keep them in the state of victimization. >> host: republicans line. good morning. >> caller: good morning. how are you doing? what a great job of presenting the issues. every time i present the issues the way you are not going to repeat. i tell people the way it is and not into window. i could not do it here on a per capita basis, most of the discrimination we face right now is socioeconomic and more on a per capita basis. everything you say i completely agree with. now the issue i have is this. how do we teach them because i do volunteer and i teach young men twice a week, had we not

teach the younger generation not to fall into the trap of the democrats are like the holy grail that saves everyone. i do it twice a week from ages 18 to 30. i'm talking about a group of 30 guys. most of them say to me, i don't care about racism. i know it is fair. i worry about what it is that i need to do personally to achieve everything that god wants me to achieve and be 100% of the person that i can be. that is really the key. not the coddling, not my brothers keeper. it's personal responsibility. good job, keep doing what you're doing. hopefully one day i'll run into you. >> guest: the caller raises an important issue appears to lucian. i talk about the negatives, but there are solutions. the solution is talking more about what speaker paul ryan is

doing, which is the speaker paul ryan is bringing forward policies on how to prevent poverty through work and personal responsibility and empowerment. a lot of this goes back to when he worked for jack kemp and he had these ideas of enterprise zones. he cited businesses want want to go into places like all to more or you have torn down buildings and there's no opportunity for young black people trying to rate the generational cycle, jack kemp said we are going to get tax credit to businesses to set up shop in baltimore and cities where there is no economic opportunity. it is also about mentoring and talking to young people and explaining when you have a job you are able to buy things. when you finish high school and get a high school education, you're able to empower yourself to get the job and maybe go to college.

i don't think you should be college for everybody getting into doubt. we need to get back to vocational training. it is also telling young people what happens when you have a baby when you're not ready for baby, when you have a baby out of wedlock. in the book i talk about the best friends foundation program which alain bennis started. this is a program teaching young girls to graduate from high school, and not engage in premarital sex until they finished high school, focus on going to college, not doing drugs and alcohol and a curriculum program taught in about 14 public schools including the district of columbia. share the program for 20 years. she started the best men's program 20 years ago and the current president, barack obama once he got elected in 2009, he'd defunded off-center federal government money.

to legislate this caller with this other example. my mom is a tutor through her church. she goes into tutors elementary kids in the schools and she told me a couple years ago she was tutoring a young grave cooler and this black child did not know what he know what a has-been was. the term was foreign to her. the valentine's holiday was coming up in the mother was fighting to the little girl but she was going to send valentines cards to her kids and give one to her husband and the little girl said what is a has-been. my mom explained what it was and she responded back husband, boyfriend, they're all the same. they're not all the same. if anything it made husbands and fathers. >> caller: i'm not being

disrespectful, but crystal, you are speaking out of two sides of your mouth. one of the problems that i see his effort thunder tribute to a look at the way you act. i look at you and how you treat others. you cannot admit that racism still at this. if however you want to put it and turn around and not understand or empathize people are out here to bring to attention. whether it's al sharpton or anybody else in the national media. i do want to jump on this about unwed mothers. you are right. the african american community do not have fathers.

let's not try to sugarcoat and act like this is just an african-american thing. planned parenthood across america, including inner-city. so we like to have discussions like this on a public forum. you need to put it out there. not about what the democrats an african-american community and the republicans are not doing. and the latino community and for all minorities because if you want to use this on a platform, do it 100%. don't sugarcoat it. >> host: with got your point. lamonica crystal wright a chance to respond. >> guest: she has a chip on her shoulder doesn't like the fact i've producing facts. 72% of babies are born out of wedlock. lachman are killing each other at a rate and being killed by each other much higher than any other race. according to the justice department, blacks or sixth

time -- blacks or six times as likely to commit homicide and seven times as likely to be homicide that is. the number one cause of deaths of young black men ages 15 to 34 is homicide. 93% of those stats are due to homicide. so we have a pathology black american that is just apportionment to white americans. when you look at welfare per capita, more blacks -- more black women are living in public housing because they are having babies out of wedlock. in the book, "con job," not my facts, the "washington post" back to an article in 2010 and many others seized on this were 2010 or 2011 the district of columbia wanted to produce it. that women could be on welfare assistance. so the post article referenced about four or five lakh women.

they didn't just have one baby out of wedlock. they had two, three, four and one woman even high fives by different men. at the time, mayor harry, the black mayor of said that he felt this was a problem. this is a black mayor talking about it but problem. you know the woman was told that she could losers listed? who's going to pay for my pampers. you talk about what republicans are doing. republicans like paul ryan wants to end the cycle. whenever they perform welfare, and education from republicans lead on school choice programs with barack obama defines every chance he got in every budget he submitted to congress school choice, charter's woes, vouchers under assault by democrats in favor of the teachers union. these help minorities, blacks and hispanics. >> host: mantra republicans, richardson and fort myers beach,

florida. you are on with crystal wright. richard, are you there? we will go to paul, virginia beach, virginia. line for independence. paul, go ahead. >> caller: yes, thank you for taking my call. two quick points. my first one is i kept hearing this list of reasons why african-americans should not speak to democrats. president obama's program, all these other things and why we should not vote or democrat. the problem is you are not giving any reason why we should vote for republicans. i haven't heard one thing. my second thing is this. i kind of agree with you that it's not than perfect and nice and everything correctly for the

african-american community. are you saying that i should in november and vote for a party whose front runner has not only been endorsed by the ex-leader of the, but also the current nature of the and a white separatist during the debate, your republican candidate are on stage telling tenet jokes. you really think because the democrat that i as an african-american male should vote for that clown show you have on the republican party. >> guest: okay, thank you.

i think it's really sad that you're voting for that clown show called the democrat. i think it is sad and all of your diatribe to me about the democrat party come you never told me once why you're voting for them, but you laughed at why should i vote republican? frankly you should get the republican party has tried because the democrats have kept the black poor, dumber and more criminalized. everything i've said is true. we've had over half a century of affirmative action programs and we are still not graduating at the rate of white americans in office affirmative-action, all the scholarships from a black america at the same rate of white. when you talk about well, as of 2013, the average black family, and this is again having voted over half a century for democrats including twice for the first by president of the united states. black americans have about $19,000 in wealth compared to

$130,000 for the average white family. crime, already been through that. you also -- i think it is interesting. you laugh at the notion of voting for republicans. when republicans to look at the republican agenda of personal responsibility and empowerment. education is a great equalizer. there is no denying and i talked about this when i talked about the charter school movement and the school voucher program. democrats want to protect the teachers union. so the teachers union is something they will always stand by. any chance they get, they tried to destroy the charter school movement, school choice movement. president barack obama's new louisiana school choice program under governor bobby jindal because eric holder said he couldn't have the black kid leaving the schools because it would make the failing schools

wouldn't have enough to be. they would be too wide. what kind of nonsense is that? i attacked roundly about donald trump with respect to the white supremacist david duke supporting him. i do not believe donald trump is a racist. he needs to come out strong and hard as can the one hand talks are earning the black vote, which he says he can do and he can beat hillary. he can't talk out of both sides of his mouth. but donald trump is the only candidate even when you compare them to hillary and bernie sanders on the democrat side. donald trump immigration plan talked about how it's going to be his black unemployment. besides a black votes matters to hillary and bernie and hillary clinton talking in a black dialect, i just told you how in 1994 she called -- when she supported bill clinton's crime bill, she called me on like men who are criminals super

predators. so here is my thing. if you are happy with the return on or invest it, you keep laughing all the way to the ballot box. >> host: mine for republicans in ormond beach, florida. you are on the line with crystal wright. >> caller: hi, i admire you so much. the gentleman who called about four phone calls ago, he was right on every name. you are doing no good. -- so good. i really do admire you. you have told the truth on lots of things. i am a 73-year-old lady and i have been through a lot of things. i have never been a racist. i never will be. all white people are not racist. and i so much appreciate getting that point across like you have.

thank you so much for taking my call. bye, bye. >> guest: thank you. now we live in such a polarized environment and again i'm going to go back to al sharpton and some of the so-called black spokespeople. i didn't know that black people have to have other people speak on our behalf. but the i'll sharpton have really painted a picture under the first black president. are there people in this country who disdain the fact that we have a black president? sure. are they racist? absolutely. i condemn that when people used to send around pictures of guerrillas and monkeys and comparing them to the president and the first lady, michelle obama. that is the. you will always have sick minded racists like that. but now, if you are a white person and you criticize this light resident coming even if

you start to open your mouth, you are racist. you don't like him because he's a black president. that is fundamentally not true. many people feel is though our president, president barack obama is taking the country in the wrong direction. somehow i can say because i'm black, so i am giving my sins to criticize the black president. but all the other presidents before barack obama were roundly criticized by people of all races. very black people telling white people that it's off-limits to criticize but president. they were seen people criticizing president george w. bush because he was calling him also as the names. so i appreciate the call and i would like it for all of us, regardless of our skin color to feel as though we can weigh in on race issues. i find it really offensive that usually when a program is having a discussion on race, i find i'm called in.

there might be a token might person, but primarily panels are made up to people of color. you'll never get a true discussion that way. >> about five minutes left. but the calls for you. scott unaligned for independence. good morning. >> caller: i am a friend of crystal from years back. >> guest: hi, scott. >> caller: i'm calling because there's a lot of sentiment there's a lot of complicated subject matters yet i am independent. i hear a lot of venom directed towards crystal. i don't crystal for a long time. we is actually argue on the issues of a caucasian male. she would defend a lot of progress to the african-americans. i'm not even sure what political affiliation there was. it is a heartfelt thing. she was trying to figure out the truth. when i hear a lot of venom sort

of torture, i'm not saying i always agree with or disagree with her. i want people to note that this is a woman whose daughter about this staff. i remember we had a discussion about just as tomas and she's like it's not enough. we need more. she's trying to legitimately find a way to make the world a better place and make all of us. and i know her and i've had these discussions and we had the discussions and it never turned into a nasty thing. she respected my opinion. i hear these things and i think to myself, they don't know her. she's really trying to find the truth. maybe people can have these discussions respectfully that will be a better place for everybody. anyways, that's what i have to say. >> caller: thanks, scott. scott does make a good point. i thought about this since i was in high school because i've had personal experiences. i grew up in a home or my

parents grew up during segregation and had to sit in the back of the bus, separate beaches, couldn't go deep in the same places as white people. growing up in richmond, virginia, my father is lord of the first people to be amidst the medical college of virginia middle-school. he helped fellow white didn't do their homework. they would get a higher grade than my father. i know what racism is good i don't take it lightly. none of us are going to understand each other but don't give each other permission to disagree like scott said and everybody should be welcome at the table. >> host: los angeles, california. don, lang for democrats. >> caller: good morning. i agree with some things the lady said, but i don't agree with everything. i definitely agree that illegal immigration is deadly to black people. los angeles under a black leader named tom bradley was the first to be in america to declare

themselves a sanctuary city. you should see los angeles today. i have to say when black people vote democratic, it is because of the certain things that were done politically before you and i came along that made them gravitate to the democratic rv. why did they go to the democratic party? my grandfather was a republican. once the civil rights act of 1964 was passed, a lot of democrats went to the republican party. that's why you find so many right-wingers and republican party today. to be honest with you, politically speaking black people are between a rock and a hard place when it comes to republicans and democrats. we don't have that much of a chance. when you are voting, i feel in voting for the lesser of two evils. as the old people used to say, one is bad and the other is worse. that is what we are voting for. no such thing as a perfect

candidate. i'd say more towards bernie sanders because i don't like some of the things donald trump has said. his colorful. he's entertaining to look at, but i wouldn't vote for the guy because the things he said. he's arrogant and somewhat of an egomaniac. ..her thing is -- no one has said anything about hillary told an out and out lie about going to kosovo and being exposed to enemy fire. she told him out and outfit and nobody talks about that. host: let's let crystal wright jump in. also: hillary clinton shows a lack of personal responsibility for an elected department a state secretary of using a private server and a private e-mail to evade public scrutiny. there is a lot on hillary clinton that i think are republican nominee will tackle.

you bring up an important point and i've been critical of the republican party for not going out and trying to earn the black vote. the republican party needs to make its case to black america. at the same time, black america cannot sit back and expect that a political party is going to do all the work for them. black americans have to start doing their own scrutiny and work. i think it is sad that you just told me that you're going to vote for a party you feel is less bad and not as worse as the other party. i think that is where we fail. i think it is a two-way street. it is like the chicken and the egg. black americans need to hold both parties accountable and there's no way to do that if they keep voting single-handedly for democrats. we have to start diversifying our votes. at the same time, i don't know what kind of trip the ruppel can party is on, but the path it is on is not for the white house. mitt romney tried it. there's not much white vote left

in the electric couorate. america is getting browner and that is where they will have to get votes. host: crystal wright is the author of "con job." you can also share any of the videos on our website by clicking the facebook, twitter, or share icons. book tv, since 1998 all the top nonfiction authors and books all available at booktv.org.

>> here is a look at some authors recently featured. nancy: discussed the challenges that women face in politics and the potential of a woman president. john you argued presidential power has gone beyond its limits and michael eric dyson explores how race has impacted the obama administration. guiding principles, ellen malcolm will recall her creation of emily's list. also coming up mother of columbine high school shooter don't people will discuss mental health and recall how she dealt with the tragedy. and this weekend professor and former chair mary

frances jerry will explore the history of voter fraud and suppression. >> you can buy of voter cheaper than you can actually invest in educating voters and all that. >> especially when turnout is so already. >> and you run the risk, they may hold you accountable. what are you doing over there in the legislature. you better vote for orioles and you next time. you are free to wheel and deal with other people have greater resources, another donor class and you have freedom. voting over and over again and for you and is cheap which is why i call it voter suppression on the cheap. your suppressing choice and real democracy and doing a very cheaply.

>> every saturday at 10:00 p.m. and sunday at 9:00 p.m. eastern and you can watch all previous programs on our website, booktv.org. >> nancy: is next. speed one talk about timely. their new book just came out. tell us, we will we ever have a woman elected as president in the us? we will talk about if so, when and why does this really matter. fifty nations in the world have elected female leaders. >> americans like to think