for authentication and it was determined to that he was the author of the letter. they turned this information over to you the fbi and that justice would be done in to nothing happened so in the library of congress in interesting diary with an african-american historian who said bonn evening in november 1947 he dined with logan the only way they

could get a good meal as it was union station and then recorded that the left will use and that is what he did and reported to a the fbi to become one of the most crucial assistance and tapped the was invaluable to the fbi. he was delighted considered him one of the assets with the southern district of new york and he ended his career

defending south africa as a paid publicist and his papers are sealed in the archives there probably a great value even today to scholars on the left i think i have exceeded my time limit. [laughter] [applause] [inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations]

>> by date, then by night he is is the leader studying grass-roots the end date technologist from the freedom of information act

to learn in an incredible amount to about technology in chicago. please join me to welcome freddie martina's. -- martinez. >> i will try to get through this quickly. we will talk about the work we have done. with people of color i was once called base can be paid june of a 20 year-old by a reporter and i am a technologist by day. so my motivation and started over a beer at a bar everybody knows this phrase

like you are that person. but because i am a physicist and have experience with different technologies allows me to do this kind of stuff. up for motivation so i take that and apply that to the work with the things that we do. i love this slide but for some reason there is a news channel tried to look into stingray technology but they believe so journalists don't do this but the ways that we approach technology and the way we've understand policing will double times

the police department just with the basic facts. it is like this suitcase size device pick a but in tennis on their enforces your phone to give of the identifying information about you without, there is no opt in it just forces you to register. so there are a couple of the defectors in this space but they aren't all around the world. so why you would use one?

you can pull identifying information of food is calling who. mostly realtime location tracking that is why use of across the country we uncovered two or three in chicago and then to get court orders this doesn't require a warrant and tracking suspects around the country. so the reason that matters they require much lower the legal standard and would

isn't being told is that they're following people by essentially searching their stuff. so that is why it is important and they say to someone is asking for evidence for to tell judges to use that in the case that defense attorneys the chicago police department to check in and out of that is

troubling leasing information these arguments that happened but then we're not controlling to have records sold is very hard to get a answer to a question with those contradictory statements so in chicago was paid for with the money like drug dealers or something like that. in europa there's anything nefarious linked to that the

we have identified i don't know what is worse if it is chicago or nationwide and using that to militia arise the local police department. but nationally you'll see there is only an security creance tobira this equipment to talk about the pen register orders in chicago that a whole unit so they target the poor in this

is essentially what they do. that is a huge concern for me but they have claimed their not prosecuted the case is with stingrays to see if we can get those cases but this is interesting because of whether or not it is appropriate to spy on their cell phones if we don't know who they are doing it to it is a catch-22 in makes a hard but because we have success we're getting close to the answers if we could just guess what do you think that case is?

so green is drugs so somebody must have been thinking this is for the drug cases. that is the casein tacoma or boston so in the next couple the steps we should try to figure out where these criminal cases are prosecuted we should be challenging these prosecutions for those that have been lied to or incarcerated in chicago there is no legal case essentially getting records of deployments so we are excited about that.

who has been doing this across the country if your interested in doing this sort of work there are departments across the country that need investigation. that is it for my time. i do have some references that i gave out earlier. he has done fantastic work one of the few that does not charge up front instead of taking those cases. [laughter] [applause] questions? >> is your presentation available? >> yes i put a link out on that. >> i am not an attorney but

with the civil court forfeiture, walked me through that. if you are acquiring basically illegal items is that it turned into monday -- many? >> usually money from of a traffic stop then that will seized city will have cases chicago vs. $9 and that is entered into a general fund then the police use that general fund to allocate new resources for the war on drugs so that is self funding. sometimes it is cash sometimes it is headphones so it is of mixed.

>> what can be these are the stingrays being used? >> from what i can tell mostly drug cases. i don't mean those better jacking up the cost of pharmaceuticals. [laughter] that is not a crime. [laughter] but that is low-level drug offenders and to go back to the idea of the narcotics investigations on the west side in south side of chicago. i wish i had a list to show you the demographics but i don't. but that is drug cases in

general. [applause] >> thinking about asset forfeiture looking at the number of prosecutors they can make a difference to mass incarceration and we have been convened by the progressive head district attorney with 20 people from all over the country to think about these issues. but then to bring us together to do some good to reduce mass incarceration. so we already have lots of amazing moments and this is a highlight.

you have heard from one of the stars of this panel the director from privacy and technology and from the professor of law university of pittsburgh and is best known for the biography of martin luther king again next year at this time for the definitive back every winter of 2016 the general

counsel of the fbi. to talk about these issues. to reach out to mr. baker because we were interested in the law-enforcement as well and to our great delight to the tradition they have started and again this is just different for the police department's including the fbi. with the world's preeminent law enforcement agency. the director james colby came last year to keep a major speech i didn't agree with everything he said emmy

will continue that conversation. >> and the panel in this debate we are only running ellen like -- a little under 50 minutes we will have a 50 minute lunch that is fine. and those connections you can draw from that today civic it is great to follow freddie who does great president day work but as a historian the symbols technology of surveillance remains the most profound and dangerous and that is you've been informants.

with technology of the '60s the fbi has three ways to use surveiled dr. king microphones and human resource and wiretaps. doing a microphone surveillance to be very hesitant in conservative wiretaps were time-consuming and expensive to the fbi is operating those wiretaps. but i want to concentrate that i will tell to the? stories. the first involves dr. king in the second the african-american and who was the most surveiled person of the '60s.

but the lives of mohammad head of the nation of islam. in 1979 fakes to the church committee and the attorney-general we do pretty much all through chapter and verse of electronic surveillance of dr. king in the anonymous threatening suicide letter that was written by the assistant fbi director and sent without j. edgar hoover personal knowledge it is critical looking at that era to not personalize hoover as

a weird or dangerous or unique monster and organizational culture of surveillance and political control that was much more inclusive and all encompassing than just j. edgar hoover. >> when i was interested in the story of the fbi, might be getting question was why didn't this hostility get started? to focus on the closest political advisor and friend a white jewish real-estate attorney. with id two years i was being threatened with indictments under the espionage act of 1917 with a foreign counterintelligence

unit for the informant attendees i managed to discover to interview fbi people communist party usa or a kgb agent or to. brothers that had grown up in the communist party and had become the fbi's most valuable human informant ever of the hoover era they were the conduit's between new york and moscow. they visited moscow regularly and it is a fascinating story but we don't have time. in that work they met stanley and he was a communist party financial

operator. his story is a wonderful compelling tale rich leave memorialized things to the very extensive wiretapping and of clarence jones and i apologize to don't have time to give you those sketches. of the hypothesis was a dangerous influence on dr. dr. king because of those hundreds and hundreds of hours of electronic surveillance there is no scintilla of evidence that stanley was in any way manipulative in this relationship. he was as loyal and helpful

to martin luther king, jr. as anyone. i also it in 1981 when the bureau was threatening me, had come upon the name jim harrison who was the fbi made a human informant to dr. king's organization in atlanta. one cannot understand the history of what the fbi did to dr. king without knowing the full story and the full documentary record like child's and harris in since he was still alive we don't have his file.

the most profound question for me as a historian focuses on the fbi position that predates jim baker is rule that they will never give up even decades later later, the records documenting the human informants have done to american political movements i have a name to search for a new wonderful story of withers'. to do phenomenal work documenting how people who were a major paid fbi informant against the civil rights movement. even after the judge here in the district court of d.c.

held that withers status was without question true and accurate the bureau retained it will never read the sinful the informant file. my second and last quick story back to allies sheriff muhammed and the nation of islam, you know, the story of malcolm and the wonderful pulitzer prize-winning bearberry, he was murdered by a criminal conspiracy organized by the nation of islam. the primary tenant remains alive and free to day googled name willie bradley. way space to several documents released that as of some time in 1965, we

don't know for sure that the fbi had both the poll top-level informants of the nation of islam. and historians know they have some very strong suspicions and that does not mean you were a member it means a member of the hierarchy. the murder conspiracy remains and investigated with the district attorney's office even today it is a travesty of justice if black lives to matter.

[applause] i had this conversation yesterday we cannot solve in fully reveal a conspiracy that killed malcolm regarding the nation of islam as they're released in fall of redacted so scholars to know how to understand the nation to look at those documents and map out the real conspiracy. several people remain alive they should be prosecuted and convicted. thank you very much. [applause]

>> we had a great conversation and yesterday he has no relationship to the hoover era. [laughter] >> obviously the american people the yet you have given us great power then you have given us great power to detect from foreign and domestic threats and with that and to welcome constraints and power.

.georgetown >> you cannot understand the constraints on us today if you don't understand the king case. so to