by the exhibits that were presented here. >> thank you. my time is expired and i would yield back. i ask unanimous consent the members were ten open statements be introduced into the record. >> we have provided you a packet of material to be entered into the record and ask unanimous consent that those be made part of the record. >> so ordered. we also will submit the document binder to be submitted for the record and the staff to make the appropriate reductions, so ordered. we will also submit an article from the sacramento business journal from the founder and ceo that will go into the record. with the ranking he also would

put into the record a screenshon shot that we quoted from the website just this morning that still has the fetal tissue sales components. >> have we reviewed the document? >> know because we pulled this this morning but you are welcome to look at it. we also have -- i'm going to reserve the right to object. >> you can reserve the right and we will come back when we have the force of exhibit that we will put in the record with the exhibit so that you will know where they came -- there was a question on exhibit d5, the chart that showed the growth of the procurement business revenue that came from the business magazine articles into the congressional research service so that you all are aware of that. and then there was also a

question on exhibit b. for, the chart with the number of abortion clinics. the information on that chart came from the procurement business owner and contract with the abortion organization, so ordered. >> i withdraw my resignation. but the last statement he made about the last document, it was never ratified. that contract was never ratified. it was a draft and it says that on your specific -- >> on the sourcing. this is what we are putting into the record. >> as you know we already litigated that and i object that you overruled it. >> with that, the hearing is

adjourned and i would think our witnesses. >> i'm sorry about your family [inaudible] [inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations] you saw yesterday donald trump sent a picture of himself

digging into a tortilla bowl with a big dollop of sour cream. >> i didn't see it, i heard about it. you can imagine i had other things to deal with yesterday afternoon. >> it said happy -- cinco de mayo. the best is made in trump towers. i love hispanics. >> he is trying. [laughter] he's trying, and i will tell you why. honestly i think that he understands that building and unifying and growing the party is the only way we are going to win. and i think he gets that. >> what did you think when they told you? >> honestly, i had other pressing matters i was dealing with that were more important. >> what are your plans for the

convention? >> it makes things a little bit simpler. we don't have to worry about three separate headquarters, hotels and programming is going to be something we are working through. there's a lot of things already done. the stage is done. there are things that have to happen to move the convention of seven weeks to july. certainly when we were talking about an open conventio conventd i was a genius for doing that. now we just have to get cruising and get going. >> you can see this entire conversation with the committee chair tonight on c-span starting at eight eastern. >> we probably get 72 of our delegates to the next president of the united states.

♪ and deputy secretary of state tony lincoln were among the witnesses that the senate appropriation committee combating violent extremism. the witnesses also talked about the role of poverty and poor living conditions in radicalization.

[inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations] >> [inaudible] [laughter] the subcommittee will come to order. at the hearing today is on the cause of the violent extremism and the role of assistance. i would like to welcome the distinguished panel of

witnesses, the secretary of state, bono, lead senior of u2 and cofounder of red, general james jones of national security adviser. and the. in turkey with bono and eject and each person here is tasked in their own way of trying to inform the congress in making policy decisions to deal with what i think is a crisis that you either pay now or later. to the american people, we cannot ignore this. the goal is for people to stay at home and not come here, you

name the country they don't have to leave. the reality is the average refugee has been displaced from their home for 17 years. in turkey, we met people in a camp, preschoolers or 4-years-old most of them were born in the camps. i could not tell them when they would get to go home. if the war ended tomorrow, it would be a nightmare to reconcile but i hope that day is coming and we will have to deal with that problem. the idea of humanitarian assistance is absolutely necessary because some of these people have no food commercial and water. water. water. it's in our interest and i think general jones will tell us to get ahead of the problem before it turns into the geologist army of the future. the humanitarian aid has to be looked at in terms of reality. there is an op-ed piece today in

"the new york times" i would recommend you read it. but it talks about the dilemma and the development of assistance. when you realize most of these kids and their parents are not going back home anytime soon, what kind of a skill set should they possess to make them viable human beings in the country they are going to live for a while and if we ever do go back home, what do they bring back home clacks every day that goes back by dedicated and educated and one of these camps and most of them are not camps and that they are in the city or of a countryy that they've been displaced in. in turkey the government has been extraordinarily generous making payments. our friends in jordan are completely overrun and in lebanon there are more children in the lebanese primary schools than lebanese children. to think that won't affect us is naïve. to think that there are no

solutions, that is just wrong. to think it is easy is just crazy. so here's the deal. with the members of the kennedy i will work to put together an emergency relief package and if you don't think this is an emergency i will welcome the contest and welcome that debate. this account is 1% of the federal budget and because the world events it is tremendously under siege. and i don't want to take money away from pepgar or malaria or the peace corps or securit secuo would be to? you to recognize we have an emergency on our hands and come up with a long-term strategy comincoming into custody world driven, not united states driven. the piece that i referenced, bono suggested now is the time to think big and i couldn't agree more.

we know in the past that radicalized populations were turned around. the chairman and japan were very radicalized populations. the marshall plan did work. in that effort we have now to stable democracies with our allies. the difference is the war is still going on and we don't have an occupation force. radical islam is spreading its wings all over the middle east and throughout africa, and the question before this committee, the country in the world is how do you destroy radical islamist extremists and other radical ideologies? general jones will tell us about the limitations of military power. he will tell us about the diplomacy. mr. bono will tell about the possibilities of the private sector joining with the government to give people hope that have none now. i'm a pretty hawkish fellow but i learned a long time ago about

30 trips ago you're not going to win this war by killing terrorists. the biggest threat to radical ideology is a small schoolhouse educating a poor young girl that will do more damage to the radical islamic extremist than any bomb you could drop on their head. your head. we have schoolhouses here at home in our great state of disrepair we have a lot of domestic needs and $19 trillion in debt and counting. i am sorry the world is not more convenient in terms of the needs back here at home. i do not ignore people in south carolina and i said we need to spend money over there. i tell people back home either reinveswe invest over there or e coming here. 9/11 is becoming a distant memory but not for me. the money the country spent just on the money site afte side afte attacks on september 11, 2001 is north of a trillion dollars. the war in afghanistan and iraq

is about 1.5 trillion. we can argue about how we spend the money that we are where we are. now i am not here to argue with you about this theory and policy. i'm finding a way to go forward to use what is commonly called soft power to supplement a military strategy. and i would conclude with this. during the community you can do just as much good as any battalion of soldiers because without your assistance on the ground trying to get people hope, nothing will ever change. to take the land from the enemy is one thing and to hold it is another. that's where we come in. for a fraction of what we spent in the past, if we do it with a worldwide effort i think we can turn this around before it is too late. if we do nothing, i know exactly what is going to happen. some of our friend were going to fall, and the people in the camps today are going to be our enemies.

so you have two choices, get involved in their lives now or fight them later. i choose to get involved in their lives now and let them do the fighting leader because without their help, we will never win this war. i want to thank each member of the panel for coming to share with us your vision of how to move forward and to the subcommittee, i think we have a great opportunity to make a huge difference and i intend to do that but i cannot do it without your support and without your advice. times are tough at home but when you go to the refugee camps and visit the middle east, you know that it could be worse. senator lee. >> i appreciate you were holding this hearing it i also appreciate the witnesses. they each bring unique

perspectives and challenges. i want to introduce bono. there are millions of people who never know your name and want people to purchase or music music or go to one of your shows. all they know is there lif theis better because of the work you've done and you haven't stopped since that time. you focused the world's attention on the poverty in africa in ways that we can dramatically improve the lives of millions of people. i'm glad your children are able to be there with you because i know that they share strongly in your great commitment. general jones is one of the most distinguished public servants but i know. i know way back when they became

four-star long before he was the head of nato he had a long and distinguished career. i also heard general jones say so many times it's important for the military forces there is no substitute for diplomacy and development and the general has been concerned about africa and where we are long, long before this hearing. general, i admire you for that. the deputy is no stranger to any of us here. she's worked on refugee issues at the state department, the united nations for i think over 25 years if i'm correct. it seems every time we have had an issue here you have been involved and i appreciate it.

then there's a list of 48 issues and secretary blink and is involved in every one of the 40 with an expertise on the issue. i know from the president and others it has been apropos to them. now we look at the kinds committed some of the groups like isis. as you said we can limit the territorial control by these organizations to the use of the force that we are not going to defeat those ideas by bullets and bombs. and i think that the foreign aid programs can substitute the policies and strategies in places like the middle east and north africa which must promote to protect fundamental freedoms and if they don't, then they

don't have a counter to the recruitment and those policies and strategies in the area are lacking. we support a wide range of programs that support these and they include economic and social develop it and so on but just spending more money isn't going to do it. we have to do better for the underlining causes. that's what i want to hear from everybody here in a letter to the appropriations signed by the colleagues. on the office of the floor i would ask that the peace is made a part of the record and how we

need that to be used. i mention these things because we have a republican and democrat from different political backgrounds and we have worked together on these issues for years and years. i was almost going to say when i had hair but you were not born then. >> i'm catching up with you. [laughter] but the thing is, give us an idea what to do and we will try to do the. >> thank you very much. general jones, when it comes to what to do you are a military man with a distinguished career. can you tell us why you support this idea of economic assistan assistance, foreign assistance and from the military point of you lacks.

>> thank you members of the committee and senator, thank y you. i commend your leadership on the matter of great importance to our interests in the future of the human enterprise. i'm very honored to be here with our fellow witnesses who devoted much of their lives to the cause of human development, peace and stability. the secretary and i go back a long way to the days in the foreign relations committee and the national security council and i would like to publicly recognize the tremendous work he's doinheis doing over at thee department. from personal observation there is no passionate and effective advocate for the development and the security then bono. millions live better, hopeful, peaceful lives because of his work and the efforts of the committee and i thank you for that and congratulate you, bono. you have my full statement,

mr. tremaine and i will summarize very briefly. during most of my active duty military service, the national security was defined by the struggle against communism and the soviet military threat. security was expressed in the calculus of the weapons account and nuclear throw away. today's threats are exponentially more diverse and complex than those we face in the bipolar world we left behind in the 20th century. they include the lives of cancer serviced and criminal enterprise, the failing states and conflict triggering the massive refugee flows, natural resource threats and the ongoing battle for the rights and minds between the forces of modernity and those of hate and intolerance. these challenges are synergistic and extreme. they have the opportunity created by many positive trends in the march of the human advancement. but if our future is to be defined by the opportunities rather than the threats if demands come and boisterous

demands far deeper conception and understanding of national and international security. less reliant on the action and far more focused on the anticipation and even prevention, one that is on the root cause of the major multipliers of conflict and instability and one that in the long run is less costly than what we practice today. getting through that comes a sharp focus in my view is that the premier strategic trip onto our own there's not an is not ae country or single ideology or any single weapon. it's human need. the unsatisfied demand for the life basics including food, energy, water, dignity, and a better future for the masses. as i understand the purpose is to examine the causes and consequences of the violent extremism. for many extremist leaders and their acolytes, the violent islam is born of religious fanaticism and the left for

power. others find their attraction and the quest for belonging as for the multitudes of the motivations. they seek to have human misery and the pursuit of scale and with increasing access to the sophisticated weaponry, violent extremism as a greater threat to global stability and prosperity including our own as in each state power. i have long felt that the united states and the developing nations with a deep obligation and self-interest to end the plague of isis. unquestionably defeating this barbaric threat has a military element associated with it. the defeating radicalism strategically requires a broader toolkit and that's where we and

our like-minded allies and assistance play in the most crucial role. the u.s. foreign assistance produced great achievement over the last century to alleviate poverty in defense of global health and respond to natural disasters and human emergencies. the return on investment and global influence of national security is enormous. the key now is investing the resources more wisely to leverage the full spectrum of u.s. capabilities to defeat violent extremism into the conditions that give it oxygen in the most vulnerable populations and places on earth. it seems to me we must realign our strategy to face today's threats in the same way that we calibrated to defeat the dark last century with major overhauls in policies and organization such as the 1947 national security act and the 1986 goldwater nichols legislation. we need global development in the counter extremism campaign that is a sophisticated and passionate and resourced as any

fights we've taken on in our history designed and resourced as a future depends on it because it does. i would submit the framework must read on by four principles. one, the battle plan must recognize the stability in the 21st century is a complex ecosystem and an integrated symphony of security, development and good governance rooted in the rule of law. our foreign engagement and assistance programs should be synthesized to cultivate these in concert. number two, the most integrated in the public and private sector no amounthe privatesector no amn assistance can substitute for the transformational power of economic growth and employment which is fueled by the private sector investment. number three, it must recognize the threats posed by education, food, energy and water and security to stability. the lack of access to resources is a major driver of poverty, conflict and extremism that

means everything we do our did r diplomacy, policies, practices and innovations must be promoting stewardship of the national systems required to sustain human well-being. and number four, the campaign must engage in the review of the agency, the whole of society and of the whole of our alliances to deliver the security, development and government assistance that changes people's lives. these are the pillars of the refugee and state failure prevention strategies. they are the arsenal that will cause the lasting defeat of radicalism, 19 u.s. influence in the world and ensure the triumph of our principles and interests and values. in this century, as i was in the last shaping of world peace and prosperity will require american leadership at its best. with it, we can and must and i believe we will rise to the challenges and opportunities in the young and hopeful century. with your approval mr. chairman i would like to submit three

documents for the consideration. one is an article from the atlantic council's task ahead of publication on modernizing global and hatred into the second is an initiative o of the topic and the third is the recently given speech on water security. please accept my deepest appreciation to the committee and to my fellow witnesses for your devotion to the leadership in the cause of global security development and stability. it is the mission of our time and it is the cause for the ages. thank you sir. >> i will recognize that senator who was on our last trip so thank you for coming. senator perdue. >> mr. chairman, as they lobby musician, i can only dream of one-day opening for bono, so thank you and to the ranking member for making that dream come true. it's not the verizon center that i will take it. [laughter] and thank you for having all of us here today.

i'd like to focus the remarks to counter violent extremism but i welcome any questions you were the panel have on the administration's response to what is a global refugee crisis. a little of a year ago i traveled to paris shortly after the attacks. our ambassador james hartley can be and state leaders and activists across the city working to try to bring people of all that closer together in the wake of that attack. one was an extraordinary woman come a french muslim women womae one of five including his son. he was a member of the first regiment of the french army. he was stationed in 2012 and she was murdered alongside three brothers in arms, three children and a rabbi i a radicalized 23-year-old in france. soon after that, his mother traveled and talked to those that knew her son's murderer, first as a boy that looked soccer or football and theater as someone that racked up 15

charges of petty crime and spent a year in jail for assault where he was radicalized. when he returned home, she started a youth association for peace working with at-risk communities to promote dialogue and help families steer their children away from radicalization and violence, the path that had resulted in her son's death. while this story shows the capacity to find a greater understanding even in the midst of tragedy, her sons death reminds us of the complexity of the extremism in the modern world and the resolve to defeat it. the united states mobilized countries around the world to disrupt and defeat terrorist groups and individuals who threaten our security conserving with al qaeda and including al-shabaab, aqap and others. our company's strategy is making progress as is detailed in my statement that i submitted for the record that even as we advance our efforts to defeat on the front lines we must work to

prevent this in the first place, to stop the recruitment, the radicalization and mobilization of people especially young people to engage in violence and terrorist activities. since president obama hosted a summit on countering extremism over a year ago the department stepped up to play the lead role in what is a growing international movement to a diplomatic engagement and foreign assistance. we notified congress of our intent to empower the beer was f counterterrorism and countering violent extremism to try to lead this effort. the bureau will promote a more strategic approach to countering as the partnerships of engagement. in fy 17, the president's budget request that we build upon and expand on the current efforts we seek $186.7 million towards countering violent extremism that includes 59 million as a portion of the overall counterterrorism partnership fund.

the request includes $21.5 million for the new global engagement center to try to counter the narrative. additionally we've invested in innovative programs to make communities more resilient >> >> third to work more closely with our partners at

national and local levels to actually adopt affected policies to prevent extremists and. fourth trimester and diplomatic efforts of partnerships to address some of the a decline political social and economic factors to put communities at risk in the first place. finally, to strengthen the capabilities to prevent a radicalization and to help ensure they are reintegrated back into society wherever possible and roughly there is a commitment to those principles of greater peace and prosperity over the last seven decades. so the fundamental freedoms that commitment extends around the world when it comes to refugee settlement to the refugee crisis the first priority is to safeguard the american

people that the same time to continue to provide refuge which is the bedrock of our party for centuries over the last several months we have at current the rhetoric all over the united states to demonize those lower persecution in the ultimate success will be determined by a the ability to hold fast to the capacity for reason and wisdom and compassion. i will return to paris just a month ago but she was not there where one woman of courage award winners the members of this committee many of you with this river bed vital to look in counter extremism that is helping to

insure that they are precipitating exactly what they hope to destroy with the dignity and justice. thank you very much. >> the expedition reveals

that number one the refugee problem is temporary. at ec creates refugees over the last 25 years the term permited temporary solution has been thrown around but second a middle eastern

problem of the top ted countries that are hosting today and five of them are african. it is existential. who could imagine in 2016 the wall made of meshed razr wire. members of the said committee but the very idea of european unity is a risk. europe this is america's most important ally. are we not the most important ally in the fight against violent extremists of the?

to put simply as we have learned if africa the fails europe cannot succeed. here are the numbers the african population will have doubled and twice that of tied to a 40% of the world's youth will be african that is frightening because i have a sense of who they are probably can paid 7 million members have a sense of their potential as an engine of growth but we also fear if you people are marginalized and said to invite new enemies.

freedom is more powerful and hope is more contagious banned hate it needs better health. it to a better ideas. and how that unitarian support is the class through built for kids and not allowed access to the labor market but the international community has a meeting about the crisis. and then with said humanitarian has only

received 9 percent of what they require. and then have now all predictability that makes it impossible for these agencies to play and which is absolute madness. another idea that they be a serious interest those who are done yet in crisis. so the people that we beg to especially the military told us it is critical that these countries battle the provide but thrive. and god forbid nigeria or egypt these are gigantic countries. it is not a melodrama.

through the most treacherous security to the floating court san the two indians. and we think of the exodus we better have some big ideas. had to be encouraged from the bipartisan committee. the new trade agreements and the world bank is inundated and you should be proud of these people. the anti-corruption campaign. to tell you that the reforms necessary to qualify to be as important as the loans themselves.

to understand that corruption and kills with malaria at combined. and in fact, one of the first leaders to call for the marshall plan in the partnership. and what that means the marshall plan and on a grand scale it was an idea big enough to me table listed history. and the idea that they could win the war but as it keeps reminding us to change the world. to love the idea itself.

the one that is so under threat for the marshall plan of the great example of daschle generosity and what i am talking about today. that is what judge jones is talking about today. it is the saving as the finance minister of tourism -- and that is what king did do his thinking about. but military leaders at least the great ones and what they needed to animal --. this is a new century and

under threat. but it's true that i probably don't. but what i do when the student not ready to give up on its greatness and i'm not either. that is the spirit to bring meaning kind back to earth. but the members of refuse to except aid with nearly 9 million people of the knapp -- of the u.s. taxpayer. i am here today to testify to united states said that i have unseated made possible role here.

go with this moment of great jeopardy. but we don't write history but we live it. thank you very much. >> mr. chairman and ranking member and members of the subcommittee on behalf of the high commissioner i am appearing before you on the global refugee crisis to bat cleanup. on a personal note but to push the leaders to act and you have my full statement for the record the said committee is well aware and

it has never been greater. and those people of the 20 million but while the remaining 40 million people are within their own borders. before 42,000 people fled their homes every single day. and that they could be at the lowest level in three decades. and with no solutions in sight those that are stretched like never before to respond to a new crisis

but it is important to note and clarify while refugee camps are favored for the video -- media most are not in camps 63 percent globally and 90 percent of syrians live in towns and villages built camps. that he vegetarians' system now largest faced with a critical humanitarian manner financial dilemma. does not keeping up with a rapidly expanding need. to make very difficult choices we're at the breaking point with only 35 percent is beyond the finding challenges love of uprooted individuals and in some cases in the industrialized countries this is a former policies that discourage those from

accessing protection and making an inch -- possible to flee persecution in violence in with macedonia and other borders closed but not since that period proceeding world were to have elected their rejection of refugees did within the of climate of nondiscriminatory access in to ensure their own security and often in terrorism. but as recent events have shown to have the unintended consequence of the human traffickers and smugglers in

europe in contrast those that are in need of international protection to address their needs are not only in line with international law also humanitarian traditions. this approach with the protection of hitlerites are complementary and we look to the united states of the longstanding leadership role by continuing the example of the most persecuted and most vulnerable in the world today. but there is hope and this weekend in washington we will support efforts by the world period and in many cases nizam the "frontline" of collective security. last week gathering of agencies agreed to a series of steps to support countries hosting large

numbers of refugees including the development of financing instruments. another effort the high-level panel on friday and seemed to agree on actions of what we call the grand bargain away humanitarian aid is mobilized including the multi-year plans. at the same time working with governments and other partners to find creative avenues legal protection recall of governments to explore various ways of excess employment without putting themselves in harm's way. has psychically statements i leave with three main messages first is the traditional response including communitarian aid to be reinforced and complemented to be pursued now in the absence of political solution in robust humanitarian with refugee

hosting countries buckling under the strain. fueled in part by the unjustified link often failed to recognize there the victim and not the upper for trader the national security goals are in a way to have border management policies and finally was leadership to have of refugee protection and they care deeply into u.s. government translates this compassion into strong diplomatic engagement to care for millions of the uprooted people. mr. chairman, i will end with a passionate members working on the front lines

on the islands of greece. commenting on a refugee who perished fleeing to europe. she said she escaped bombs and mountains period i did europe let us carry her along the way. thank you for holding this hearing to tackle the fundamental issues and we stand ready to assist in anyway possible. >> general? >> but just returned from turkey that is taking refugees from syria. are you aware of that? >> yes, sir. >> is jordan taking refugees ? >> as the practical matter, very few. >> that is that a practical matter to make it very difficult. >> there is no place to go.

>> general jones what will happen? with this dynamic militarily? if they are trapped with no place to go? >> but nothing good will happen the humanitarian catastrophe with the syrians situation is one of the great unanswered questions. we collectively with the united states providing the leadership has to do a lot more to solve the problem. >> is it fair to say that jordan cannot take any more refugees and survive? >> jordan in lebanon in turkey is extraordinary and if you equate that to the united states look at lebanon between one-quarter and one-third of the

population as the syrian refugee is if we take 50 your 60 million people and the burden on their systems in infrastructure and economy is dramatic so the challenge for us is to find ways to help them with the refugees that humanitarian and development so these the to come together they will be facing these challenges for a long time. we have to create the win-win solution that is ready to put the focus will whole concept is to deal with the reality many will be there for a long time.

will hold approach is to leverage of a better outcome. pulse the to deal with the reality so what did you learn on this trip. >>. >> i think that egypt peace disturbed me because i just came to this country it is fast and extraordinary and you could feel trouble brewing in those mechanisms put into place to clamp down when they're coming down on anyone christian ngos to

those disappearing you can see it as almost a mechanism on its own momentum and that worries me of just how you figure out to turn people back but i notice that the president is very concerned about the economy as they should be so i thought is there a way to make trade a grievance conditional that would help him turn his country back. >> one thing we're not talking about is if you do this than you can get a better deal trade why is it

to counter extremism. >> if you can get loans at a lower rate that is the concept we're not just throwing money but to get better outcomes is that the whole theory. >> it is leverage you cannot underestimate the trade peace is the effect as people have to reform it will do that work it is the only stick and carrot that we have. >>. >> 35% of the budget is supported by the united states government.

>> we are doing that and there are a number of traditional south but also private sector and fortunately we raise $300 million from the private sector from those requirements for the interagency in those partners that we support. >> for the committee's information we will be below the number for international disasters and cutting 9 percent we have problems here at home but what does that mean? >> nearly impossible it is

very difficult for us now we were half funded last year but we need a lot more support. >> so what about the condition it will match what we do? >> it is hard we would caution and to give more to be on the table. >> to reference bono earlier i read in bed reread of the needs in syria for those refugee countries of ruth africa of a country like

jordan that is so heavily saturated with refugees you wonder of the long term effect on any country. no question we need money we cannot even seem to pass emergency funding to deal with the zka virus. but i say this not because you no longer a record very well with foreign aid. but these countries the you have talked with today act as if they want to spend more money? >> senator, europe has not

mobilized at falafel that it leads to but that will change. >> tel number i can just do this is to dramatize the situation i am talking about the existential threat to the likes we have not seen since the beginning of the 40's rally interlinear single movements to the right of hyper nationalism of localization hyper localization and the u.k. is talking about voting, leaving europe and you should be very nervous and america about this. we see a the leadership of chancellor merkle she is an extraordinary leader in this crisis but she faces

criticism from her own party the german people have shown the way here. i think she deserves a peace prize she has done extraordinary things i spoke with david cameron about gathering around to stop that refugee crisis he is finding it difficult politically to take more refugees with the gall countries need to take kids more. >> i hope with that realization that tens of millions of these refugees

the half to do more than just money but have the ability to work with these countries to help them absorb the refugees and they get a life worth living for everybody to be absorbed in their to invest in the economy is the and the institutions and education. >> you don't want this to spread. that is why we're all gathered here is it is so complex to solve serious problem they just need to get them financed but what are we asking you to finance? if this chaos that goes along to the region i spend

a lot of time in africa there are three extremes extreme ideology, extreme poverty, and extreme climate it is said geological phenomenon. in fact, it goes all the way to afghanistan looking at it geological phenomenon but those three extremes make one unholy trinity and foreign policy aides to face in that direction but it is even bigger than you think and god knows i am in all of you lawmakers to make the impossible possible. i don't know how you do it

if you don't do it now it will cost more later. >> talking about egypt with secretary clinton do you think the leadership will allow dissent or release for those political prisoners? will that change? we have money in the pipeline but will they change in any way? >> first facing acute security problems real problems including the sinai and terrorism that we need to help them but on the other hand, in the absence of creating space in their society to express their

views to come together they will so the seeds of long-term instability. even in the short run that may not work in the long term so they may have a self-interest to come to the realization that creating spaces of the best path to deal sustainable with the challenges that they face severe deeply engaged to move them in that direction but we are concerned with egypt take to put people in jail to express their views and civil society including the partners that we have to implement the programs. >> o is raises more questions. i agree but i am worried so many times repression these

to greater extremism so they get for being here. >> i heard the you have to go. >> yes i am going to intelligence committee hearing they you for hosting an organizing this hearing and everyone at this table will help to make the world the better place but in particular in the month of april 2014 that solyndra girls in nigeria went to school and were kidnapped by boko haram they were never found many are probably debtor some wish that they were.

and when a look at what we're talking about here, i looked at the impact of women and children in particular children globally with it and children comprised 80 percent of the uprooted with half being children what's an incredible role did receive what is happening not only the region being discussed today and to constitute a tremendous threat for the future unless we show them humanity, compassion right now little girl in shah ahead because she wanted to go to school and reason won the nobel prize but still

talks about one book and one teacher one kid. boys are recruited as a child soldiers. not only africa and central america. salaam is a focus on the children he will ride the wind of the future that that perception of discrimination we remember who helped us or the mother father but also didn't so i will telluride and coming because it is central how will be focused on this? because i will say right now they hated that they are rejected in and pushed assad that they are deported or

see their father where the desperation of the mother, what will they fight about? don't we want to go for a democratic principles of constitutional reform? this is the hate of the seeds of desperation so i am saying to you and to the high commissioner my own ngos say we have to abeyance the money before we get reimbursed i love the u.s. but it often trickles down. we're talking about money being used smartly will be

get money out to the ngo? >> thank you senator we're risk of creating a lost generation and we know what that means. first at the very least there will not have the college to have productive members of society but even worse the best case scenario that absent those skills and having an education to become early marriage and sexual exploitation so what can we do about it? focusing on the syrian crisis jerry -- generating so much attention is a global crisis but was

serious think of concentric circles of the do is take away the driver's setter pushing people out number one is violence and then ending the civil war is job number one is incredibly difficult but even if we do that working out of hostilities working on more humanitarian assistance takes away the driver's. >> don't do that. i know that. rigo in circles that is the big picture right now go to the children to try a to get across the water there in a raft, do they have a lifeline? water you focusing to get that aid? in a very specifically

senator when you get to the countries of turkey and lebanon and jordan we know what is pushing people to take that journey to put them the hassles involved hands of smugglers in the high seas access to school and education and lack of access to employment for the parents. a big focus is working with those countries to open access to schools and jobs we're working closely with unicef as of question of resources so on the jobs front if you are a politician to say i will give a job to a syrian refugee. we're looking innovative solutions in creating greater access to their market where refugees are employed giving jobs to

people in specific sectors on the education front redoubling triple that we build schools and classrooms to educate the kids along side the locals so they can educate the assyrian refugees or local children during the day end with the informal education spears a while people are not in formal program because still get credit to get accreditation and all of this in partnership with unicef and other organizations. >> my time is up. >> very briefly under question related to education in particular we

talked significantly about money it isn't just about money the policy changes we need from government to make possible for freedom of movement and to be in school whether not those systems was the ability for the ngo to provide reinforced assistance you put your finger on it as the key perspective. thank you very much for raising it is a great concern with the looming refugee crisis on the horizon for the with regard to women these are issues that are of great concern and we need a regional approach to increase reception and capacity and a direct assistance those setter in need also the cooperation of those governments to help us do

that. >> they kill mr. chairman in your testimony you talk about public-private partnerships with the priorities and this is an issue. and not just for the resources that can be leveraged but from the technical expertise that the private sector brings. said u.s. government is better at creating up partnerships and particularly with small businesses to make that incredibly difficult to partners or there any recommendations you can offer to streamline the partnership process? >> i think the american private sector is one of the

most admired around the world and frankly developed itself on its own and the time is here for the increase public and private sector partnership. and i still do a fair amount of traveling around the world specifically in developing countries where are you? there are chinese but where are the american companies? we cannot operate here because of collection. but i really believe there are three pillars to our engagement one is security and organizations like nato can do a lot more than they're doing. although i will give them credit for their presence in afghanistan. 25 years ago participating

in operation provide comfort which was a refugee operation in rescuing almost 1 million kurds from the human stem paid, as i said on hussein. we now call that kurdistan and things to the international organizations and rule of law those are important on the refugee problem the middle east is interesting now and a challenge with the entire african continent ready one way or the other there will be 68 national elections this year most show they are not collecting to stay in africa and others want to go somewhere else it'll believe they have a future.

/ said motivate the european friends and last deal would like to make a point of the established growing nexus between organized crime and terrorism they have figured out ways to cooperate together with an extreme rise of illegal drugs in traffic in there is the unholy alliance that provides the funding for a rest -- for most of the challenges but i do think a closer working relationship on the foreign policy level can show the power of the economic engine to stimulate recovery to avoid future conflicts. >> you mentioned the presence of china in in africa.

talk to us about that and you had the good article in the atlantic council. talk to us about their motives if that is good for governance. >> but in 1990 with those closing years of the last century china makes a very easy they show but not only a lot of money and to have an effect in africa to dawn

on some of these countries if the chinese engaged in big projects they do them with their own colonies of workers like algeria to work on projects like algeria. the american and european way with american companies do this regularly but don't get much credit but in addition to working in the region they do things that our helpful to electrify villages to build roads and schools there are many examples of companies on the continent doing great things. sometimes with ngos are sometimes not the mostly a

part from the government i'd like to see united states get credit for that but in order to do that we have the secretary of commerce who is doing great work tietmeyer her greatly but we need more of that around the national security council table huckabee project that? we did the marshall plan but that has to happen not only on a national scale but international scale the europeans there is another tsunami of refugees coming right behind it if we don't. >> one of the great problems that we have is there is lots of people throughout the world but not much constituency for them. lots of people but as far as

the constituency we are benevolent. bible is impressed with the young people coming from arkansas of the knowledge to the pashtuns and really does make a difrence. that is the big deal. thank you very much. >> people say america is ready to close in on itself it can see that we're looking now word when you behave like an island that is just not who you are the wake up to across the nation during these cantankerous times publicly they think this is one thing we can't agree on one of the reasons i got interested in the

refugee crisis is because all the great work that has been done by the people of this committee and fighting against extreme poverty we work together with debt cancellation i got to know the senator is we were traveling around 52 was a republican who is the democrat? of course, they're talking on various subjects it is very easy to find that but on this, it is the one thing you agree. the i am sheriff that. >> became mr. chairman. >> takes to be here today and to testify. i certainly agree with all of the comments of the importance of security and

the impact of what is happening in the united states. we do have the transatlantic alliance. we had a hearing this morning with the foreign relations committee on international terrorism and one of the conclusions that i drew listening to the testimony we have been good when it comes to military efforts so we were successful and afghanistan to drive out the taliban with iraq and military efforts working to take back territory that has been successful. but we have been successful in the efforts to support refugees to make sure that

d gethe ai there but less successful when it comes to governance or nation-building of the social implications to improve governance do you agree with that to the extent of which the need to address the at and therefore how do we do better? because so far we have not been as successful in those areas as we need to be if we will address concerns what we all talk about today.

you are blinky i see you nodding. [laughter] >> you're right of the bark the challenge is moving from liberating it territory not just stabilizing but to find it as a sustainable accommodation that is when the challenge comes in and in a country with its particular is but unless we can get those underlying issues militarily it is not sustainable. what we try to focus not just with national governments but local governments and community leaders in to municipalities to talk about how they deal

with the challenge of their own communities with the metric san the evaluation to figure out what works and what it doesn't one quick example so we have the global engagement center. >> i want to ask about that. >> wind of the critical pieces is to counter the narrative. and reran not satisfied with the effort. we brought to a team of technology experts from silicon valley. . .

we would immediately try to counter it. we have worked on doing it much more fanatically so for example very successfully we have found the testimonies of bit vectors from eyesore from da'ish and we put those those together in a way that's incredibly effective because what is because what it says to people is what you think you are signing up or is not the reality and they have much more with credibility than we do think that ourselves. in these ways we stood up this effort. it was based on trial and error but based on figuring out what works and what doesn't work and we continue to do that across-the-board are you. >> to add something to that going from observing this

culture and how elusive maleness is we forget how elusive the maleness is in a world where materialism decides your machismo. if you have no access to material things, you exaggerate your manliness. we have to think about man and think about that and it's funny dell laptop, but i think comedy should be deployed because if you look at national socialism and da'ish and isil this is the same thing. we have seen this before. they are very vain and they have all the signs up there, it's really show business and the first people that adolph hitler

throughout the germany word they they -- you speak violence come you speak their language but you laugh at them when they are too stepping down the street it takes away their power. so i'm suggesting the senate send then amy schumer and chris rock and sasha cohen. >> actually that's not the first time i have heard experts on how to recount her violent extremism. it is one of the things i know we are looking at but it also speaks to the importance of empowering women around the world and focusing on human rights for women and children and making sure that we have the same focus on what's happening with them particularly in countries where we are seeing violent extremism the most are countries where women have not historically been empowered and

so it makes that even more a critical need for our foreign-policy. thank you mr. chairman. >> if i could just add a little bit to that, generally the practice that we have followed over the many years have been one of reacting too bad things. i would suggest that in the years ahead, being proactive has a skill set all to itself in terms of what you could do. first of all for example on this security measure. you can do everything everywhere but let's suggest a failing state in africa the size of nigeria for example and what that would cause or a failing

states like the congo or pick any other large country. so the question is, if you are worried about it now, isn't it cheaper and more effective to engage now proactively to fix what needs to be fixed whether it's security, whether it's and buy security i don't mean american forces or nato forces going in to fight a war. i mean to go in and help people learn how to defend themselves and in some cases you can put together entire regions of several countries who would benefit from that kind of training. while you are doing that you can encourage the private sector to go in and start showing people how their lives are better in a capitalist, free-market system that education and distance learning, love these things of the problem is we tend to do one very well and in the case of afghanistan and iraq there was

no real plan to nation build and i think that is the missing link. if you are going to do one create -- be prepared to do the other things that have to be there but it's much cheaper to be proactive and to be reactive and without i'm very sure. >> i totally agree with that. i think we haven't yet however outlined the priorities and are spending in a way that supports that. look, it's we spend for humanitarian aid, for usaid for diplomatic efforts and compare that to what we are spending on the military side and there is a huge disparity. so we have got to begin to realize our priorities so we are focusing more on prevention than we are on reacting to the situation. >> we have the benefit of unifying geographic commandos in most of the major regions of the world and i think with a little bit of tweaking in the right

direction that is not just security but economic development rule of law that you have forward bases already in regions that we want to affect and i think that would be a good way to engage proactively to prevent future conflict. >> thank you. >> senator daines. >> this is a great panel and thank you for being here. americans are the most generous people in the world when it comes to humanitarian aid and contributing to relief efforts that. >> the globe. at the same time and this panel today my fellow colleagues are weighing how best to contribute government resources where the needs are overwhelming. you sit and listen to the needs of the world today and at the same time limited resources. how do we counterterrorism. [inaudible question] we provide humanitarian relief? how can we work most effectively on behalf of the american taxpayer? i want to start with general jones first of all and i want to tell you thank you to -- for your service to our country.

as the son of a marine i got raised right, thank you for what you do for a nation. i want to start with a question for you general. this past weekend in the philippines at least 18 filipino soldiers were killed in the terrorist organization in the southern part of the country. clearly indicative of a threat to related terror groups oppose not only the middle east and asia-pacific in the entire world u.s. special forces use strict doctrine by embedding vocal sources and building strong partnerships where they battle terrorist organizations on a special task force with the philippines following 9/11. we are starting to see the u.s. take this approach in operation in your resolve. my question for you as someone who has a lot of experience do you feel this tactic is an effective way to counter violent extremism? >> the critical ingredients i think that you need to have is

that wherever we engage the people of that country and the government of that particular country have to want what we are offering. i think imposing what our values are and what our goals are is the long road to perdition usually. in the philippines where i spent quite a few years the problem has been with us for a long time and the three or four extremist groups that exist there. what worries me is that if i understand it correctly there is an effort at at that appeasement of these violent extremist groups and personally am opposed to that because that just gives them an anchor point for which they will expand their base of operations so i'm a little bit removed. i just spoke to the secretary, secretary blinken about her current policies but as an

matter of principle i don't favor appeasing extremists. i think you have to rip them out , stamp them out and a lot of it depends on the will and the capacity of the people. i think we can help them do these things but i don't think we can do it for them. >> secretary blinken notwithstanding unperceived oaken tendencies foreign aid in these countries and to get them to obtain humanitarian integers in which aides -- ed is no longer require producer look at the longer-term goals what are some measurable benchmarks that might indicate indicate if a country is effectively utilizing u.s. assistance to improve governance combat terrorism and what if any country can you pull out that could be viewed as a model of success? >> i pretty much agree with general jones.

we are trying to work by with and through local partners to build their capacity but with them along the way. you are exactly right that ultimately success for the foreign assistance businesses to get out of that business. we want people to get on their own feed to be able to be effective and to provide for their own citizens. indeed ideally we would like to channel as much as possible to the private sector and have a work that way. but in the near term as a look at these programs that what we are trying to do is develop clear measures and metrics of effectiveness and to give you one example in the violent extremism space trying to counter that on the one hand it's a little tough to measure how many people didn't become radicalized. in a way that's unknowable but what we are trying to do is first of all have some consistency across the programs. second we are making sure that

we have third parties come in and of thy wit what we are doing to see the goals of the particular programs are being met and in particular we are trying to look at when we provide assistance or we transfer knowledge to a recipient how are they actually using that and is it making a difference? >> if you look at the landscape which country and i realize the effects are never going to be attainable but certainly there are better outcomes than others. what country stand out as models of success? >> you have to look at different areas. obtusely our country in the past been beneficiaries of assistance in one form another and now we are leaving countries around the world if you go further than south korea for example. in the present day i think it varies program to program sector to sector. it would hard to rank order countries across-the-board. we have seen for example jordan

use some of the assistance we provided effectively to start to make macroeconomic changes. that's a kind of thing we are looking for. you have seen other countries that have not made those changes. >> bono a question. a searing crisis earlier in this lost generation of children has these refugee camps turn into long durations of perhaps much of a lifetime. from your perspective what is the most effective way if you were to tell this committee where we can invest american taxpayer dollars to ensure that we don't lose a generation of the syrian children? >> in short, listen to mr. clements. they are doing a spectacular job and i'm glad you think about that because you know witnesses talk to those families and get to know them. you go in with the refugees and you come out and you have gotten to know them. syrians i will tell you though

are particularly industrious. i would never underestimate them and they are definitely worth the investment. i was fortunate to be a friend of steve jobs and there was a syrian. he was the son of the syrian migrant and you know he had that industriousness. i have a funny story, and the camp the dutch people were giving 600 bicycles out to the camp and within minutes they had set up a bicycle repair shop to deal with the bikes. when the bikes arrived they had a delivery service for pizza before they have the pizza place. so these are the best people in the world. there are extraordinaire people and they would be so moved to hear you talk about them today. >> thank you chairman graham and

thank you for the chance to have this hearing and to work with you on this important issue. general jones is great to see you again. think her last conversation was in rwanda and i'm pleased to see it continuing to pursue the same line of analysis and secretary blinken thank you for your service to our nation. great to be with and deputy commissioner john belk freeway -- clements thank you to one of my hardest days as a senator was with senator -- with the refugee camp and filled with thousands of syrians from all ages and backgrounds and the mentor to me tony lake who runs unicef who was a professor of mining college has been arguing as i believe many of you do that we need to realign our imagination and reconsider the funding that we provide for humanitarian relief and an emergency situation and the investments we make in development and recognize that

millions of refugees are likely to be outside their countries of origin for a very long period of time and if we change direction and make investments in a wiser and more targeted way in partnership with the private sector and in partnership with allies around the world they can make a significant difference not just in combating violent extremism although that's an essential goal of our conversation here today but also in continuing to build up humankind and to relieve suffering. bono i was moved to hear you talk about how the american people are generally generous in our investment in the marshall plan laid the foundation or a western europe that's united and stable and free and your reference to pepfar which largely through the work of senior senators on this committee have made possible and relief that touch the lives of 9 million you also mentioned the ebola crisis in west africa one where volunteers from around the world joined with the united states and turning around the

trajectory of that tragic disease. i'm in courage dan challenged by your terrific op-ed today in "the new york times", by what i have heard from all of you about the levant and the ways in which we have to be working together to craft a more disciplined and thoughtful plan. general in your written testimony you have about as good a call to arms arms as i have heard and i quote we need a global development campaign plan to be as sophisticated serious and passionate as any fight in our history decided resource to assist the future depends on it, because it does. but the time remaining at the grateful if each of you would simply speak if congress were to embark on a large-scale plan for foreign assistance that combined all of these elements real investment in human development alongside humanitarian relief partnership with our allies in a sustained way that would prevent fragile states from becoming failed states what would it look like? what conditions would you put on

our ed? how would you decide which countries would come in that arc of attention and care and which would be out of it and how would we tell the american people how long this would last and what our goals are? general i'd be interested in what world peacekeeping's plays and bono i would be adjusted in hearing what communications en masse culture play and deputy secretary blinken how far you think we are downright towards developing this and delivering it and deputy commissioner how you see the role of refugees is being at the center of this. so think big and tell us how you would structure it if you would least gentlemen. >> thank you senator. i will try to be very brief. i am of the opinion that in order to deal with the challenges and the threats that face us and mankind really that

we have to approach it differently. when i was national security adviser we tried to work on the more holistic approach to responding to international threats, things like cybersecurity, energy security, water security, food security and of course the conventional definition of security that we leaned on for so many years in the 20th century. in the world that we face today people have choices and people know a lot more in people in the disadvantaged developing countries have access to information that shows them that they don't have to live like this. the battle is on between extremist ideologies that captivate those mines and said the reason that you are not doing better is because of these guys and generally they point to us. but i'm very optimistic that if we can put together a strategic

concept for how each administration deals with these kinds of problems more holistically to include the private sector and the public sector working together to advance the idea that america doesn't have to do this alone. what we can do i think better than anybody is provide assets from resources but also provide the organizing principle around which other countries would follow in the north atlantic treaty organization is a good example i think of an international organization with 28 countries that have a fantastic history but what is its future? if we can't leave that organization into the 21st century by being more proactive, more preemptive and more strategic in our thinking, which saves money in the long term, then i think we have a difficult

time. so leadership, u.s. leadership and organizing principles to do these things, to bring international public and private sectors together, to help countries that are on the fringe of going one way or the other in terms of democracy and these people know exactly what they are missing and will not hesitate to move by tens of thousands across the mediterranean from africa to europe if they don't see hope for the future so it's agriculture comments food, it's water, its physical security but it has to be, and it's using organizations like the u.n.. obviously ngos. we have to find the table where everybody can sit together and planned this. it's not as expensive as it looks. what is expensive this when you have to go through another iraq

or afghanistan or libya without a complete toolkit that says okay you defeated, we got security, now what? the now what is what it's been missing. >> thank you general. mr. chairman can the other members of the panel respond? i am beyond my time. what countries are in and what countries are out? >> first i would like to describe -- ascribed to a general john said that we have to do an assessment of which countries are most at risk in which countries mattered the most in terms of our own interest and security and then which are most likely to actually be willing to be partners in to make changes that are necessary. conditions you mentioned. we want to make sure in fact what we are trying to do is really leverage our assistance in different ways. first leverage it so that the countries in question that receive it actually make the changes we think are the right

wants to make in terms of having sustainable outcomes in the areas that general jones is talking about. second other countries putting in as well. one of the things who are tend to do for example the reggie crisis president obama convened a summit on the general assembly in september 1 of the goals is to increase the assistance provided around the world by 30% to the international world refugee crisis. so to be at the table is to do more so we can do that too paid third i think even as we are thinking about designing such a program we also have to be looking at innovative solutions that are not necessarily driven by money so for example we were talking earlier on the refugee crisis. we need to be doing things like ending this divide between the way we provide assistance in the way we do development aid. both in the way the budget in the way we think about problems

at best. second we were talking about providing concessional loans at low income countries that don't qualify for them but could use them effectively. the jordans in lebanon to this world. third innovative ideas like creating enterprise zones where companies invest in those zones in companies invest in those zones the proxy of preferential treatment that people may well be refugees or who are risk so ideas of those kinds of kinds of i thank you me to have to made this work more effectively. >> that is a terrific idea. bono you have done an amazing idea of leveraging moral interest in your leadership to provide relief to millions. how would we do the same in this unique challenge? >> i am very humbled be asked that question senator and to hear you debating and senator graham is one of the great thrills of my life. it's an extraordinary place on the fahren of the globe and to hear your passion on these

subjects. i am not sure exactly what the marshall plan looks like. i like the three tiered approach that was brought up. i can speak better about the sahell because i know it better and the land but i just want to remind people africa is really rich did i mean not just in his resources but it's people. it's extraordinary and i think it would be an amazing partner for us going forward to just think for trade and commerce could remember the marshall plan did really great for the u.s.. at the time people said we can't afford it, we can't afford it but actually the 50s and the 60s were born out of these new customers that we are talking about. and it's true and so i think the biggest problem in the way of

that growth any african will tell you is reform and fighting corruption. the africans are leading this but you make it easier when you make these packages additional. that's what they want. finance ministers say to me all the time on debt cancellation, the really key piece of that was having her debt canceled we have to reform so i think it's a fantastic things to arrive in the region, these difficult regions and you can advise them or you can say here's what happens when you do. here's the club and if you want to be in this club, because it's a great club so i think that's the way i'm seeing it then just and, just to say i think we need an america that is strong like the general describes. you are strong and smart when

you talk like this and i'm just amazed. i'm having to pinch myself and going wow people really get this thing and we are talking about asking the american people to go further and that's real leadership. when you do the right thing and it costs you. >> is really easy to come after these three gentlemen because obviously the concepts are inspirational but also very concrete. just a couple of things to add, we talk about this arc of crisis from southwest asia the middle east through the horn of africa. in terms of that dang stretched where people are being just repeated that would be where to focus in terms of the so-called marshall plan redux. the second is don't forget the

political comments german is important. we are talking about humanitarian. all of that is important. if we can get come, if we do have the crises solved it would make a tremendous difference. syria, iraq and somalia, those three crises alone are responsible from last half of the uprooted people we were talking about earlier so that means -- need to be part of the overall equation i couldn't agree more in terms of marrying the human terrain approaches in a concrete way. we have a moment now that we haven't had in decades in terms of political attention including this subcommittee. thank you. >> i would like to thank senator leahy and senator graham for your tremendous leadership and the entire panel to confront this moment of opportunity in real difficulty for millions of people around the world. thank you. >> thank you very much mr. chair and i appreciate all of your testimony very much and general jones and bono it's great to

connect with you all again. .. >> >> of the factors that drive you to support violence and forced to increase investments of government programs connected of meaningful reforms predatory justice syst