of coffee is worth $2,000 per gore mentioned trying to calculate the price of a cow. you get to a weird for your. so i did a rough calculation using wholesale prices that are much lower and also the price is about $0.8 per gram. so it may be worth ted million rather than 500 million. it shocks me and makes me think that what we're doing on the supply side is 90 percent less of an investment and what else are we getting wrong? so seriously and went to look at it as a business they and a war so i

identified the cartel's. [inaudible conversations] autho. dionne, annette gordon-reed, juan williams anymore. but first up christian green talks about her book, something must be done about prince edward county. booktv on c-span2 live from the gaithersburg book festival.

[inaudible conversations] .. >> if you are tweeting today, use the hashtag gbf, and we need your feedback. surveys are available at the tent and on our web site. complete a survey for a chance to win a $100 visa gift card.

i'm pleased to introduce author kristen green. she'll be signing books immediately after the presentation, and copies of her books are on sale in the politics & prose tent, a great partner for us this year. a quick word about buying books. even though this is a free event, it does help the book festival if you buy books. the more books we sell at our event, the more publishers are willing to send their authors here to the book festival. purchasing books from politics & prose does benefit the local economy. it supports local jobs, supports our book festival. so if you enjoy the program and you're in a position to do so, please consider buying the authors' books here today. so let me introduce kristen. kristen green is an author who let me introduce kristin. and author from virginia and

that is important to the story. graduating from fredericksburg a graduate of the kennedy school of government. globe" and san diego union tribune. she currently lives in richmond, virginia. she has a husband, jason, and two daughters who you'll become intimately familiar with when you read this book. so let me tell you about this wonderful book that we're presenting here today, "something must be done about prince edward county." it is a new york times bestseller, it's a washington post notable nonfiction. and for those that want to support kristen, it is up for library of virginia people's choice award, so you can go to the web site to get this book voted as a people's choice award. it's an interesting book not only because i'm a lawyer and i love race relations topics,

brown v. board of education is something that i studied in depth when i was in law school, but also for those of you that do not know that gaithersburg was voted recently the most diverse city in america. so those of us here today who live in gaithersburg may not fully appreciate that race relations were not always as they have been. and that's what this book is about. kristen grew up in farmville, virginia, in prince edward county, and for those of you that do not know this, in the wake of the seminal supreme court decision, brown v. board of education, which ruled that segregation of schools and education was unconstitutional, prince edward county was the only county in this country to close its schools rather than desegregate their schools. and what this book is about, it's an interesting introspective where she goes back to look at her own family's involvement, her own community's involvement with this very troubling time in our nation's history. so the book will flip back and

forth between the history -- which i love, i'm a nonfiction guy -- but it also talks about her own experience with that history and confronting that history. so i encourage you to listen to kristen here today, go to the politics & prose tent, consider purchasing this book or, as i did, i went on amazon and purchased the book as well. so without further ado, i'd like to bring kristen up to the stage, and let's welcome her. [applause] >> hi, everybody. thank you so much for that kind introduction, and thank you to gaithersburg for having me here today for this event. i'm glad so many of you came out, rain or shine. and i'm just thrilled to be here and to be able to share my story with you. i grew up in prince edward county, virginia, which is the only community in the nation to close its schools for five years rather than desegregate. it was a story that i didn't

know growing up. i only knew little bits and pieces of what had happened in my hometown well before i was born, is and i became a journalist and was working on the west coast when i started to develop an interest in learning more about what had actually happened in my hometown. it took a long time for me to develop a curiosity about what had happened because the story wasn't really talked about where i came from. it was kind of pushed under the rug, you know? and i think the way that the story was shared was really oversimplified. so when i -- i became a journalist and ended up moving to the west coast, and i i became a more curious person. i developed an interest in writing about people that newspapers don't do a great job writing about, and that's people of color, immigrants, people who live in poverty. and i was working on that and moving to san diego where i

became, i had friends for the first time who were people of color. i met my future husband, a multi-racial man, and became more engaged in learn aring about this history. about the same time, "the washington post" magazine did a really great, exhausting piece about what had happened in prince edward, and it was really the first time that someone who wasn't connected to me was telling a fuller story of what had happened there. and reading that made me think that i needed to learn the full story and that maybe it would actually be a good book. and that was about ten years ago. [laughter] you can have an idea of exactly how long this kind of project takes to accept that you're actually going to do the project and then take it on. let me go back to the beginning with you and explain what i learned when i set out to write about what happened in prince edward. in 1951 a 16-year-old black girl walked out of her black high school in farmville, virginia, to protest the conditions of

that school. of course, in 1951 schools were segregated, so there was a black high school and a white high school x. she had seen the white high school that was just down the street and knew how much better the facilities were at the white high school. so she led a protest with her fellow students to walk out to protest the conditions of that school. and the protest attracted the attention of the naacp in richmond, virginia, who initially wasn't interested -- weren't interested in taking on her case. but they did agree to come to farmville and meet with students and their parents there. and after seeing how dedicated these parents and students were to their cause, they told them that they would be willing to take on their case. but it was on one condition, and that condition was that they would seek integration rather than equal facilities. a year earlier, in 1950, the naacp had changed direction and

decided that equal facilities were never going to be enough and that they needed to seek desegregation in schools and in all facets of public life. and so the students who had this core committee of students who had planned for months this walkout actually had to take a vote on whether they were going to agree to go along with what the naacp was asking. and according to students who were there, their decision to go along with this only won by one vote. [laughter] that's crazy to me. and so this case ended up becoming one of five cases in brown v. board of education. so brown is an umbrella case which i didn't realize until i started reporting this, that prince edward was the only case of the five that was student-led. and it produced 75% of the plaintiffs for the entire brown case. so i think that that case emerging from out of prince edward county is kind of what

set the stage for what happened many years later when the schools were closed. i i think white leaders were embarrassed that this case was filed against them, and they suggested that they would build a black high school for the students. they would replace the high school as had been requested of them for many years if only the black students and their parents would drop this suit. but by that point, the black families wanted to move forward with the suit. and so white leaders did go ahead and build this new high school in 1953 anyway. as you know, the brown decision was handed down a year later. i think the white leaders' response to the brown decision had a lot to do with embarrassment, right? they were -- and also fear. they were afraid that their community would be held up as an example to the rest of the nation and required to desegregate their schools as an example. senator byrd, senator harry

byrd, led a pushback to brown v. board of education that came to be known as massive resistance. he believed that communities should push back to this requirement to desegregate schools and that if virginia pushed back, then the south would get behind them. and if the south, you know, refused to desegregate its schools, then the rest of the country would realize that they were never going to get on board. i don't know if he hoped that the case would be overturned. i'm not sure what his logic was there. but that was his thinking, right? and so there were a lot of people in south side, virginia, where prince edward county is located, that supported that logic. and so they -- and in prince edward county and other locations, they formed this group called the defenders of state sovereignty and individual liberties. and in farmville that group suggested -- just six months

after the brown hearings, the brown decision -- that perhaps closing the schools was something they should do to avoid desegregation if push came to shove. and i found in my research that the local are newspaper also suggested this within six months of the decision. and the pages of this newspaper that were shaping public opinion said, you know, we're going to refuse to desegregate our schools, and if we have to, we will close the schools rather than do so. so they put this idea out there very early after the brown decision. i think for me working on research, that was a real turning point, to realize that a court did not require prince edward to desegregate its schools until 1959. the brown decision ended up coming on the backs of black families because of the way the decision was written. and even a follow-up decision didn't make clear exactly how desegregation was supposed to happen and on what timeline.

so black families were forced to go to court and ask schools and school districts to admit their children, right? is so i think, i think in prince edward, you know, they were out ahead of the game and figuring that they would be forced to desegregate. this action, by saying -- they took a stand that they were going to close their schools if they had to. and realizing that they had taken that position so early, right, and that they had had so much time to come up with better options, to come up with ideas that wouldn't have affected so many children, that, for me, was a real turning point in my research. at the same time, i also realized that my own grandfather had been one of those people who was a founding member and an officer of the defenders' organization in prince edward county. and that changed a lot for me about how i approached this book, because the book was no

longer, you know, i could no longer blame my town for what had happened, but my family was also at fault. and at that point the book became much more personal. as i told you, i had met my future husband, a multiracial man, and we were planning to have children, and i knew that those children represented exactly what white leaders in my town were trying to prevent, which was a mixing of the races. that was their biggest fear. that was the thing that they most wanted to avoid. and when it became more of a personal book, then that allowed me to kind of explore my grandfather's role and how i felt about that and to look deeper at what had happened in my hometown. so let's jump forward to 1959 when the court did finally say that prince edward county had to desegregate its schools. prince edward, white leaders had

been prepared for that day, right? i said they had mentioned this idea of closing the schools. they didn't just mention it. they raised money for that five-year period to try to start a private academy should the need arise. so so they had people promising funds for that period of time. in addition, the board of supervisors there, the governing body, had gone to a month-to-month financing model so that they could just close the schools at any time, you know? if courts came to them and told them to desegregate the schools, they would be ready to immediately close the schools. so when the courts finally did require in 1959 that they desegregate, they did as they had threatened to do and voted not to fund the schools. and by not funding the schools, they shut down all public education in prince edward county. the moment that decision was made, these people that had been planning for years to start a

white academy went ahead and launched one, and they did so by calling all the white churches in town, the white, you know, volunteer groups and kind of civic organizations and asking if they could use basements of their churches and use the rotary halls in order to hold classes for the white children. their plan was to have a school up and running come fall of 1959 so that white children would have somewhere to go. black students did not have this opportunity. i mean, for them to have started a private academy would have gone against what they were trying to accomplish, right? and so -- and i also think that they didn't, nobody really knew how long the schools would be closed. even oliver hill, the naacp attorney from richmond, couldn't believe that white leaders were really going to go through with this, right? that they would really close all public schools.

they thought this was a threat. and even though, you know, the doors had already been locked in the summer of 1959, he was convinced that the schools would still reopen that fall. some families, black families that were worried that their kids wouldn't be able to graduate went ahead and made plans for their children. particularly like the kids who were older, you know, juniors and seniors in high school. everybody realized how important it was for those kids to get a diploma. i mean, if you think about today how important it is, at that time for a black child to get a diploma a really meant something. so these families had worked so hard for that moment that they were trying to find ways that their kids could graduate. and so some students were sent to live with family members, you know, older sisters or aunts in the north in particular. some students went and lived at a college in north carolina, an ame church related school that

was -- that had agreed to take in about 60 students from prince edward county. and then the black churches also started these training centers in the basement of their churches where they were not considered schools, and they were not taught by official teachers, and they were not full-day programs, but they were meant to engage young students so they could have some involvement with schooling even though they wouldn't be going to school that year. and so parents of younger kids did send their kids to those training centers. but i have to tell you the vast majority of black children did not go to school that year and did not go to school in subsequent years. nobody had any way of knowing that the schools would be closed for as long as they were. so children who were old enough went to work in the fields with their parents. i mean, and that exfrom income -- extra income, i mean,

most people in prince edward were tobacco farmers, and so the extra income they could get from extra hands actually meant something to those families. and so it was a positive in that way. but it also meant that when the schools would reopen many years later, the students were lost. they had been working all those years. they weren't going to go back to school. and so this generation of children came to be known as the lost generation because so many of them were denied an education. on the other hand, i just want to point out that there were many families who made huge sacrifices so that their children could be educated. and that wasn't something i realized going into this. i really wanted to write this book, because i wanted to tell the stories of those children who were telephoned an education, and i want -- who were denied an education. and there were so many different trajectories of what their lives looked like after the schools were closed. the one thing i had never considered was the way that

families were torn apart once that decision was made, that because families really wanted their children to be educated, you know, i write about the ward family in the book where the two oldest children were about to graduate. they had a rising senior and a rising junior. and so those children were sent to the ame church school in north carolina, and then a younger daughter who was entering high school, ninth grade, would live with her grandparents in a neighboring county during the week, and then on weekends she would come home to her mom and dad. but dad was working second and third jobs in order to provide the money that these kids needed to be at grandma's house and to be at a school in north carolina. and so betty jean, the ninth grader, told me it was like it ripped their family apart. they went from being this happy, joyful family where friends were coming and going all the time, you know, they lived right in the heart of farmville to really being, like, she and her mom on the weekends at the dinner table.

and they would never be a family like that again except for christmas time. they never would sleep under the same roof again like they did then. and i came to find that that ripping apart of families really echoed the indignities of slavery, you know? and i had never thought going into the project about what that would be like, to have your children just, you know, ripped away from you so that they could get an education. those stories of the children and what their lives looked like after the schools closed were some of the most meaningful parts for me of reporting this book. there's one student who's a really good student, and she was 9 years old when the schools closed. and her dad promised her that no matter what she would get an education. and he was going to see to that. she and her brother would walk three miles each way to one of those training centers. her neighborhood school had been only a mile away, so that was

much further. and the students, the white students would pass by on the bus and spit out the window as she was walking to this church training center. they did that for two years, and on and off she would ask, she would ask her dad like, dad, when are we going to go to a real school? he would keep reminding her, yeah, you are going to go to a real school one day, i'm going to make sure. and finally after two years and there had been no movement towards reopening the schools, he decided he had had enough. he worked at the railroad, and he had a project in an adjoining county, and some of his white peers at the railroad helped him to rent a house in appomattox county. and it was rundown house that really wasn't habitable, and they set out to make that house appear habitable. he worked on the front yard cleaning it up, and he repaired broken windows, his wife sewed curtains for those windows.

but it wasn't until the year the school began, her dad was going to drop her off behind the house each morning with her brother, and they were to stand behind the house until they heard the bus coming down those county roads. and it was then and only then that they were to go through the back door of the house, through the house, out the front door, through the front yard and up the steps of that big bus. and they were never to tell anyone that they didn't live there, because if they did, their education would be at stake. that story just gives me shivers even today every time i think about, you know, what she had to endure to get an education and what her parents were willing to sacrifice to make sure that happened. years later that woman, dorothy holcomb, became a school board member in prince edward county.

she also worked at the state employment office in prince edward county, and kids she knew from her neighborhood would come in seeking unemployment benefits or looking for jobs, and she would have to go to the other side of the desk and help them fill out the forms because they were illiterate. so this five-year period of not having school, you know, not only affected those can kids and their parents -- those kids and their parents, but it has affected generations of children in prince edward county, right? because the illiteracy of those parents has resulted in their children not being as literate as they would have been otherwise, right? and i think about all of the myriad of other effects of not having an education. it means not only you didn't get to achieve your dreams in life, but the economic situation that they were in would have been totally different had they had a high school diploma, had they been able to go to college, right? it might have meant that they

could leave that town and get better jobs. it might have meant they could buy a house. so the impact on that generation and subsequent generations has been really significant. and that's part of what i wanted to explore in this book too. i also wanted to hook at what those -- to look at what those public schools looked like after they reopened and the effect on the town today. so that white academy that my grandfather and other white leaders helped to found that year in 1959 when the schools were closed, both of my parents attended that school. they later returned to prince edward county and enrled my brothers and me in that school. and i was a student there in 1986 when prince edward academy, when it was then known, finally admitted black students. i found in my research that the only reason it did so was in order to have its 501(c)(3) nonprofit status restored which had been taken away for discrimination. when i was interviewing the man who was the headmaster of the school the whole time i was a

student there and i said, you know, when you integrated prince edward academy -- i referred to it as integrating. he said, huh-uh, when we admitted black students. so that told me a lot about whao many years about race relations in that town and where the academy stood in relationship to the public schools. i found in my research that -- i mean, my belief is that the town would be better off if there were only the public school system because such a small community in rural virginia is unable to really fully support two school systems. and without the support of those white families who for generations have supported the private schools, the public schools aren't really able to prosper in the way that they need to. and i think many public leaders still view the schools as the black schools and continue to support it as such.

and so i find that the school system is underfunded and inadequately supported by the whole community. it's not embraced as the whole community's public school system. i want to wrap up so that i can take a few questions. we just have a few minutes left. yes, ma'am. >> [inaudible] >> what got the public schools reopened, is the question. good question. it actually required another supreme court decision. yeah, in order to reopen the schools. and that was 1 good question is dash the required another supreme court decision. yes. and it got was 1964. people had hopes that the kennedy administration could do something sooner but they had just as much trouble doing that as the black leaders to build support to selected require another supreme court decision and was so full five years.

>> [inaudible] >> what you think there was of the of mindset that live bear that set them apart for zero or zero -- from the rest of the south to say that we will not combine we will close?e >> i don't know if it was the mind-set that set themco apart from the rest of the south. the only thing i can come up with that made sense is they were truly embarrassed to be part of the supreme court decision to be one of the five cases. and that made them want to do something to push back.in t hand senator byrd had a huge authority in that town ande meeting behind the scenes of commentators.ther

so there may have used themselves as a test case if we can do this then other communities can do this. there is evidence to support some parts of that. the white leaders that created that academy createdos a booklet how to do this and suggested 2 million tons a and new orleans that they were also capable to do what prince edward county hadew done. . .hool those students walked

t in p now an amazing civil rights' museum. i really encourage you to go to the museum. blacks can come in and tell their stories about whatat happened to them and learn about the history that they were never taught. when i was living in prince edward, i was reporting the book, i went to every event there for, you know, over theen summer and went to weekly events there for a couple of weers andc there -- years, and there are so many students, i probably could go to a grocery store and find

like five, wal-mart p. the thing that i really realized when i started interviewing was that there were so many different perspective. i had never thought what lifee might look like when schools closed. it was really amazing to meet someone who did -- who wasn't able to start their education until they were ten year's old and who was pushed through school in seven years, you know, and frustrated many teachers. and that's a totally different experience from the kids who quit school at 13 and 14 through no fault of their own because of school closures. and i have to say that narking down the stories and picking a few to focus on was one of the sad eción parts of book because i wanted to include all of the stories, i thought they were all important and so meaningful.

thank you so much for having me, i really appreciate it. [inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations]

>> hello, good morning. welcome to the grveción more importantly i'm a friend of major judge whose inspiration and leadership created this event. he gave me the opportunity to introduce this author and book today. mayor ashman did not order rain for this year's event but he does take credit for the past six years of sunny book festivals. thank you for being here today despite the rain. we are please today bring this fabulous event thanks in part to the generous support of our

sponsors and volunteers. when you see them, please say thank you. a few announcements, for consideration of everyone here please silence all devices. and this is being recorded by c-span today. if you're tweeting, use the #gbf. we need your feedback, surveys are available here in the tent and on our website. complete a survey for a chance to win 100 visa gift card. joanne will be signing books immediately after the presentation, copies of her book are on sale on the politics and pros tent, a quick word about buying books, even though this is a free event, buying books here does help the book festival. the more books we sell, as a festival, the more publishers will want to send authors to speak with us. purchasing books from our partner politics and pros

benefits the local economy, supports local job and supports our book festival. you enjoyed this program, please buy a book. joanne bamberger is a journalists, a winning -- an award winning writer, editor and chief of the broad side, a noted digital magazine. joanne contributes commentary and analysis to outleets including msnbc, cnn, fox news, good morning america, xm radio, al-jazeera america, bbc radio and u.s. today and others and she has also written to the washington post, the washington examiner, legal times and others. working mother magazine called her one of the most powerful moms in the social media and she was a 2011 finalists for the

prestigious social media award. it should be no surprise then that she has undertaken to write this book, love her, love her not, the hillary paradox. about a woman who is attempt to go break the ultimate glass ceiling the presidency. the book publisher says that fascination of all things hillary. it is a collection of about two dozen essays edited, written by collection of women, authors, all women authors sharing views on hillary clinton whether you love her or love her not. please welcome mrs. joanne on our book festival. [applause] >> thank you, tom, thank you for that wonderful introduction. thank you for everybody coming out on this lovely day. as the e-mail said that i got

yesterday from carolyn who puts this wonderful event together, don't worry it's just liquid sunshine. i apologize no vance for my rain hair, there's nothing i can do about it.th some of you probably understand. [laughter] >> so when i started putting this book together, obviously, hillary had not yet announced that she was going to run for president. so it was a bit of a gamble but we figured probably not too much of a gamble.er hillary had made up her mind in 2014 when we start it had project. and it's something like the question of love her or love her not and sort of most interestingly the likability question that we hear about in the media is something that's really fascinating me not just to her but to really all of usen as women and women who work and sort of what are the difference standards that we hold for men and women specially in the

national spotlight. so when hillary was running, it was talked about in the media and i think it was highlighted in the january 2008 debate when one of the questioners said to her that a lot of the voters liked her idea but they found barack obama to be more likable than her and how she feel about that and she said, well, that hurts my feelings, but i willl try to go on. [laughter] >> that probably would have been the end of it and i'm not sure if we would have thought about it more barack obama said, well, you're likable enough hillary. and sort in in that moment i felt and it seems like a lot of voters stopped paying as much attention to her because they didn't find her likable for whatever reasons, yet, she

became incredibly likable again when she became secretary of state, she was very quote, unquote likable and people thought she was an amazing person when she was first lady and likable enough when she was one of 100 senators. shoes been voted the most admired women in the world, 18 tiemción and 13 times in a row. yet when i started asking people about this book, everybody seemed to have reservations no matter how much they liked her ideas and no matter how much they admired her perseverence. so i started doing some research into this whole question and it doesn't take much. you go onto google you'll find a whole variety of articles with titles like hillary clinton's

likability problem, must hillary be likable, saying nice thing about hillary clinton has become a act, wait, does hillary clinton have a likability problem. hillary clinton doesn't have a likability problem, we do for. so it's something that obviously the med attacks about allot but there's not much depth there. they just sort of throw those things, those words out, well, she's got too many problems and we just don't like her and why would we vote for her because oe that. hec you have a lot of conservative that have picked up on that. i'm sure we have gamete and they picked up on that in terms of selling books. there's a book called unlikable about hillary. can she be stopped? hillary clinton will be the next president of the united states unless, dot, dot, dot.

i discovered that there's so much academic research into hillary clinton into 2008 election with articles and books, rimes with blunt, u.s. political culture, text and tweets from hillary and is she attractive enough. sexism there's so much and growing by the conclusion and by the end of the day they'll be enough for a full curriculum in hillaryl studies. so taking that into account it became clear that we have something of an obsession with hillary clinton. bigge it's about women leaders and using hillary clinton as a lens through what women have to go through.

there's also been research done on this whole likability question and the last few years an organization called the bar relieve foundation which does aa lot of work with women who ron for elective office, the pew research center and they found that for women voters to find women candidates qualified they also have to find them likable by like a 90% margin. it's kind of crazy. on the flip side, women voters to find male qualified, do not have to find them likable, so two words, donald trump. he obviously wasn't in the picture when i started working on this book but i think he bares that out. that's really nice, that's really interesting, by why,io wheer is -- where is the meat on the bones on this and i finally came to the conclusion that the

way to get to the bottom is not to do more research but to start asking women voters of all political types, ages, backgrounds, affiliations, diverse group as possible to to answer that question, how they viewed her as a candidate or whether they would vote for her or not and one of the conclusioo that i came to writing this book is that for hillary clinton to win she has to be perfect. t and perfect is different for each one of us and how do you thread the needle of beingng perfect that you almost have to be mary poppins but it's w different to every person and we live in a culture that message is sent to women, more professional women, we have the whole lane-in book that come in and the movement that came in a

few years ago that we weren't working hard enough, we weren't doing enough, we weren't perfect enough to get ahead in our careers and bombarded with articles and cultural issues about do we need to reinvent t ourselves, how can we change ourselves to be better or perfect in our careers, so i reached out to these women and i asked them, i said, here is a list of essay ideas and let's talk about your ideas and i loved that so many of the women came back to me and said, well, that's a nice list of topic but i have another idea which sort of confirmed for me that we all have the various feelings about hillary clinton and ultimately i think what came out of this book is that we hold women leaders, specially those who seek national office to a standard that's really almost-- to unachievable.st because if you are a democrat

that tbrees with her ideas, itu, would seem that you would logically want to support her and there are so many things that came out of this that suggested that that's just not the case. some of the essays are by people you'll recognize probably sally cohen from cnn. nancy jyles from cbs sunday morning is in the book as well as new and rising writers.is i wrote an essay as well as the introduction. emily zanoti, conservatives in the book as well who have things to say about hillary and a woman from memphis, it's a multiethics

multireligious podcast about issues and coming together. the essay topics range from millennials who find it to be a plus and not a minus that hillary stayed with bill aftermónica -- after monica lo lowinsky.ho there are woman who couldn't support her in 2008 because ofof her judgment in life choices, a change of heart in 2016 because of their own personal experiences. one of her neighbors has written one of the essays and i visited the neighbor's house and we laughed and we sort of paraphrased sarah palin and i can see her house from my porch, which you actually can. one woman wrote an essay who was a teen during the clinton years

in arkansas and yet there's a pantsuit essay but it's not really about pantsuit. i thought that there was nothing original that could possibly be written about hillary's pantsuit and i was completely wrong. and it's actually -- i mean, all my favorites but one of my favorite essays because it really talks about how more broadly about how women are judged and how we presente ourselves and what we wear, ande how do do our hair and how hillary evolution inspired this one writer to sort of just ownwn that and really stop worrying about it so much. so i'm going to read a little bit, let me read some of the essay titles too, i will read some of the introductions, and worshiping of hillary's pantsuit, i don't need hillaryon clinton to be perfect. hillary a crone of my own.

what would conservatives have to write about. one from a bernie supporter, hillary for president of therter universe. a yankee and a southern bell, 6-degrees of hillary clinton, won't let the team down this time. there's some that address some of the more serious issues whether she can be a commander in chief or not, what kind of family issues she should be addressing and one very humorouy one called scotus, that's not my title. hopefully we will have time to take some questions at the end. our country has a very complicated relationship with hillary clinton. some people love her for herla fearless advocacy world around with women and girls, some people hate her because theybe

think she's an opportunist, a wanting a women elected for president and they're not sure if hillary is the one. conspiracy theorist say she can't be trusted because there t was a joint plan for each of them to be president. was vote it had most admired women in the world in gallop annual poll. progressives yield for another democrat, any democrat and some gop are looking for a way to support her. she's nagging, uncontrolling. and don't forget polarizing, she's fearless, loyal and intelligent. she's a powerful advocate and a thoughtful friend. she's obsessed with power and she's a selfless champion for others, when it comes to hillary clinton, we just can't seem to

make up our minds about whether we admire her for all the things she's accomplished or whether we detest her because she's a women who is not afraid to admit her own ambitions for political power. hillary even started getting criticism from both sides minutes she announced to be president on the details about how and when it happened. why was it on a video, why not a live announcement? is she pushing the estrogen factor too hard. the law firm partner, the firstl lady, the wesley graduate, of course, there are the hillary distractions. there's no doubt that when it comes to motions americans feel

about hillary she's in a category all her own, she's on the receiving end of a level of love and hate that transcends of all almost all potential opponents. but how have we become so conflicted over one woman with the kind of goals and am beneficiaryitions that most of us would encourage in our mothers and daughters, given the various levels of emotions,gi clinton brings out in so many of us, one has to wonder whether hillary obsession deserves own therapeutic diagnostic code. the media jobs about her age and looks which gave rise to various academic explorations aren't going away, the focus on her age and the days since she left the state department is back with the same vengeance since it was in 2008 as evidence by headlines like grandmother 2016 frontwhile runner, 2016 mother-daughterer secret campaign weapon we've all

been waiting for. the good news is that if her critics concern over her age are carried to their logical conclusion, a post menopausal will be awake whether from hot flashes or insomnia.r where is the love? high profile supporters contended that hillary was much more qualified than barack obama.8 noting that if obama had been a woman she would have been secured over the lack of qualification. hillary is worshiped in culture memes and now the famous text from hillary, highlighting secretary clinton and her bad shades and blackberry looking as if she were running the world from plane and including president obama and biden fight for her attention.

so why do we play the hillary love-rate card? her vote in the senate, whether she should have forsaken professional goals to stay home and have teas. i think she's there to embrace more than one version of herself presenting three dimensional womenhood specially women in the harsh national spotlight. hillary clinton dare today step out in the most public of ways from expectations of women in general and first ladies in particular. she landed in one of the most gendered roles in america, that of first lady of arkansas when her husband served as the youngest governor of the country and trying to maintain constraints of that role ever since. in 1992 at the age of 45 she was

the kind of first lady we had never seen on the national stage, someone who was already accomplished professional, but for many voters even decades after woman she was viewed more as a wife who didn't know her place, those working outside the home in their own careers, she was deemed too big for bridges and too ambitious and too educated and too smart, some say smarter than her husband. who knew whether we could trust a woman with that kind of agenda. so i go on in the introduction to explore some of the other research that we talk generally about. and then hand it over to the women who write the essays who really have done an amazing job exploring all the various

aspects about her and the one thing that i really found e interesting and rewarding in this whole process is that so many people who have read the book have said, you know, i never thought about her that way regardless of which essay it was about and whether or not it changed their vote about her it made take a step back not just how they view her but they viewh women in politics in the national stage and whether we should sort of think about things differently specially when we don't hold men the same standard that we hold women too. i would love to take any of your questions. yeah. >> have you ever met hillary and do you know if she's read your book? >> have i ever met hillary and do i know she has read my book? i have not met hillary. i saw bill clinton many years ago as a massive event. i met chelsea several years agom

as part of a press event, but aye never met hillary. i don't know if she has read the book, i know that shortly after it came out i was contacted by some of her people who said thet had gotten wind of the book and could i provide them a copy, and, of course, which i did and reached out to them a couple of times so hope you got the book, i don't know if you have any thoughts and i have not heard anything back. not surprisingly, i mean, to be honest, there's a wide range of opinions in this book, there is no outright i hate hillary or i completely love hillary, it's much more nuance and so i'm guessing maybe that -- they felt they didn't have to worry about that. [laughter]er] >> yeah. >> i'm of the same generation as hillary roughly.y. my son -- men were being raised to be successful and women were

raised with a message to be w nice, i'm just wondering if there's anything in the book or research that has supported that idea of how important to women of that generation plays into w this? >> that men are raised to be successful and women are raised to be nice and that's true and i think that's sort of born out bi the research from the barbara lee foundation that you have to be likable to be seen as qualified as a woman where male candidates don't need that, what does that mean to be likable? there's a certain niceness element to that and how youn treat people and i think we have clearly seen that with, you know, the candidates we have no, when we look at donald trump and how he yells on the campaign trail and how bernie sanderse yells, regardless of what you think of their substantive political views that it's easier

for them as men to get away with that than it is for her and there's so much about, is she shrill, is she yelling, i think that's shorthand for is she nice enough yet to be leader of the free world, commander in chief, that's sort of the flip side of that coin and that's addressed in a couple of essays that talk about how we view a woman and whether can she be tough enough or will she be viewed as too nice. and i think sadly, still in our culture today women have to sort of walk that line. you have to be nice but firm, you have -- and find a way to thread that needle and hopefully will be able to see that whether it's hillary clinton or some other woman candidate in our lifetime. any other questions? yes. >> how do you think that she

will campaign against trump who is not nice and no one seems to care that he's not nice, you touched upon -- how will she walk that tight rope about trying to meet him on his own terms and his own approach and yet not -- not come across as being not a nice person? >> so the question is how is she going to have to, you know, with the whole -- if donald trump-hillary clinton, how does she deal with sort of yelling and not being particularly nice and how does she campaign against that, i think we saw her dip her toe into that this week and interestingly, so she was on the campaign trail and there was a headline in a cnn news report thing, hillary is mocking donald trump on the campaign trail and how horrible this was that she was sort of buying into and sort of taking his bait and when i

watched the video, it was hardly mocking and it was barely even doing any sort of imitation of him, it was so slight, so i think given that reaction and, you know, people read the headlines and they don't watch what's going on, i think she has to be careful and i was talkingh about this the other day and what i personal not, not that i'm a campaign adviser in anyway, i would like to see her own, who she is, just be you and, yes, that's going to be different in every situation and i know she gets criticized for that, like which hillary are we going to see but none of us have two dimensional figures and we all have our nice faces and stern faces and firm faces and everything else and i would like to just see her own that but not take his bait because i think when any candidate take it is bait of another candidate, that's not a good thing. i think you had a question,

yeah. [inaudible] >> how do you think men judge hillary and why didn't you find as interesting as the women judging the men? >> i think the question is that the book focuses on women judging women and what about men and did i not find quite as interesting, i think the sort of got me was the research on how women view women candidates than male candidates and that's what i wanted to focus on and that's why i made the decision to just have women writers in the book. that said, i haven't come across that much research and i think that possibly that's because that's just how it's been. that's been our standard, we've had, you know, male candidates and men often publicly judge women, i mean, women judge women just as much but i wanted to explore this question specially

because it's such a cultural issue, like in magazines, tv shows and things like that about how women judge each other and we have the real housewives and cattiness and how does that impact how we view women candidates and so that's what i wanted to explore with that. i think we have time for one or two maybe quick questions. >> in the discussion of likability -- >> which characterization -- >> capabilities and experience, which are most prominent. >> and that to the extent she

knows the fact, whether one agrees with different issue, that was one of the things that they really liked to likeability and asked about the fascinating me and there were so many women in the book that on some level not forgive her for not leaving bill for the mónica lewinsky scandal and felt that she put ambition ahead and i was shockei at that, actually a teen boy, that she's not a feminist -- hod

>> i think we are out of time, but thank you so much for coming out. i really appreciate it. [inaudible conversations]rsatio >> we wait for the tent to get

set up, here is a quick look at some other authors that aappeared recently on book tv. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] >> here is a look at some upcoming book fairs around country. later in june featuring sebastián younger. in new york the 13th annual reading festival held at the franklin d. roosevelt presidential library and this year harlem book fair on july 16th, for more information about the book fairs and festivals book tv will be

covering, click on the book fais tab on our website, booktv.org. >> i was very frustrated and angry and a group of us had worked for the national women's political caucus and the equal rights amendments, share it had frustration, why aren't there more women in office. we hear all the time about women that they would go to the party establishment. they would say i'm ready to move up to congress, would you help me? i have a district and track record and support and the guys would kind of lean back and say, you can't win, we are not going to give you any money, when they couldn't give them any money, the women were stuck. a group of friends in mine said if we told the people we knew about women running, we can raise a lot of money for them, let's start a network and figure out how to do that, so we began

in my basement with 25 people sending out letters, it was a far cry from our 30th anniversary celebration. >> well, that's the point that you decide to name it emily's list. i want to admit something to you, i thought emily was probably the name of your mom or something. >> right, right. tell us. >> you named it after yourself? >> no, i'm ellen. we did that because we we wanted to raise early money and we thought if we gave women credibility by raising early money, then they could go on and raise the additional money they needed to win so we were like little venture capitalists and go out there. we were the quick-starter for women and emily stands for early money is like yeast, we make the dough rise and we have beenn doing this ever since.

you can watch this online at booktv.org. >> you're looking inside the tent at the book festival, in just a few minutes we will be back live on the panel on libraries. [inaudible conversations] >> also that day we will be at

washington university in washington, d.c. for colorado governor talk about his path to public office. we are back in new york on wednesday for a program at the carnegie center where ali khan will talk about the deadliest diseases. many of these events are open to

the public. look for them in the near future on book tv on c-span2. >> i would say a lot of the stories in the book is where the president unleash it had agency, isn't really monitoring and story of agencies because they are going off on their own. as you said, this is a different kind of case. this is the case where it's the president at the top and this is going to be his constitutional legacy. i may not be the one that he wanted but it will be the major effect on separation of powers and that's his claim that he is the right not to enforce the law when he disagrees with it. that's totally different than other presidents in the past. i don't like the immigration quotas, i don't like the priorities to immigration laws set out.ible c

this is different. no one says the immigration laws are unconstitutional. everybody knows congress has the power and they get to decide how many people stay in the country and removal, not deportations, obama can't say i don't agreeio with the statute and i want there to be more generous policy. i personally a more generous immigration policy, but the president says i'm going achieve it just by saying, i want more people in the country because i disagree with it. that is unprecedented, even richard nixon didn't go that far. even president lincoln who is the most expansive use of presidential power never went that far. i think that is really unprecedented effect that

president obama will leave on the constitution that will have ripple effects going forward. >> here a look at authors recently featured at book after words. argued that measures to aliveiate -- alliviate income inequality, and aol cospownder told -- cofounder told us how it's reshaping the internet.

this week shaka weighs in on prison. >> this book isn't about making excuses that i made, it's really about explain to go what has happened to young men and women where we don't talk about child abuse, sex abuse and drug abuse, things that lead us to us taking the path that is we take, so i wanted to be clear that this isn't abouting excuses and blame the mother to make an excuse, i don't blame her. ultimately i was the person who pull it had trigger that night. every saturday at 10:00 p.m. you can watch all previous after words program, booktv.org.

[inaudible conversations] >> author and fox news analysts juan williams is next live from maryland. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations]

>> next live from festival a panel on libraries. [inaudible conversations] >> hello, good morning, welcome to the seventh book festival, my name is gene taft, i'm a committee member of the festival in the publicity manager. i'm please to have you here.

a couple of announcements here. a wonderful city that support it is arts of humanity and fabulous event, thanks to part ofni generous support of sponsors and volunteers, when you see sponsors and volunteers, please say thank you. if you're tweeting today, please use #gbf. we need your feedback, surveys are available here at the tent and on our website. you complete a survey you are entering a chance to win a 100-dollar gift card. a quick word about buying booksf it does help a book festival if you buy a book. we really appreciate your support. purchasing book benefit local communities and supports jobs and festival. hope you enjoy the festival, hope you enjoy the program today. come back and see us.

i don't think i'm going out on a limb by saying that if you're here or watching at home, you're probably a book nerd, i really wish that being a book nerd was cool around the kids. i remember my first time going into a library, my mother took my brother and i. we got -- we were 2 or 3 year's old. i found the most fabulous thing, the place filled with stuff and two minutes into my adventure, the librarian started yelling and pulling me out of the wishing well fountain. since then, i've groan for a larger appreciation for the libraries of all kind, not just the wishing well. libraryies are equalizer and free for the public. we will try to cover a lot of ground today and one of the things that i want to get to,

libraries are not always what you think. book line shelves and that's it. i don't want to take a long time here.f i'm going to give a real quick brief introduction, names and what their job titles are and i'm going to let all of ourgi panelists talk to you about what they do and then we we will get into some questions and would like for you to answer questions later on. bare with me and i will introduce people and have them tell you a little bit about themselves. at the far end we have becky clark, publishing office, which collaborates with privatee sector, calendars and otherre consumer products based on the collection. next to her marilena, she manages the web and social media presence and as well as system's internet. next to her we have emily, who

is the executive director of the american library association where she has been the past 17 year. next to her keira. so actually start with becky at the end here and have them give you a quick synopsis what they do beyond sort of the title and we will get to some of the fun. >> thank you, gene, i'm the director of publishing at the library at congress. i joined the library in march of this year so i'm still very new. i previously one -- was one of gene's colleagues, outreach forn 12 and a half years and i can say that gene never stole any change during the time that we worked together. [laughter]

>> gene mission's to publish and that would include books as well as sidelines in the industry, calendars, posters, note cards, illuminate or shed light on the collection, on the most recent book, jacob reese revealing new york's other half and if you happen to be in washington monday, there's going to be a books and beyond talk about the new book monday in the madison building at the library of congress from 12:00 to 1:00, all the events at the library are free. >> okay, thank you, i'm very happy to be here. my name is mariellen. i manage our virtual services for the library system.ry wi have a very radiobust --

robust website with downloadable music and it's all free and we have 21 locations with active programming and activities for you to come to and bring your children and family to and it's all free, we also have our outreach team here today and i hope you will stop by and say hey at the table and they cantr tell you more about our services. >> good morning, i'm emily and i have one of the best jobs in the world because it's my job to make sure that the people in this country have access to the best libraries and so i get to talk to all kinds of lie -- librarians and make sure that congress passes no law that restricts them from continuing to make those things available and i also try and make sure that the funding is available so that everybody no matter where

you live get access to the best services because we are not your grandmother's library anymore, we are books, magazines and movies but we are also music, the internet, the computer, maker spaces, 3d printers, if it's new and people in the community want it, the library is going to work very hard to make sure it's available to them.. that's my job to make sure that that can happen. so in washington we do government relations, which is working with the congress and the federal government, also the legal system making sure that if there is a law that is going to be restrictive, we try and overturn it in the court. also supporting other lawsuits to make sure that services are available. we most recently were involved in the google-book search suit to make sure that google could continue to make books

available, all books availableie online and alsoe, all b information-technology policy, so maker spaces, 3d printers, we are working on all of that and that's why i love my job and yo should love your library. >> hi, everyone, good morning, i'm name is kera, i'm review director for publications called library journal, if you haven't heard of them that's okay, the publications are read mostly byr librarians, my jobs is in chargh of editorial teams that reviewew several thousands books every year, actually in excess of 12,000 books in different materials publishers, the big five publishers, medium-size, very independent presses andsi self-publishers send us all the books and the materials and our job is to review it because when

they are building their collections, when they are making materials available to the public, they need to know that what they're buying is good and they need to know that they're spending their budget dollars on materials that are going to be useful and appreciate it and used by community so our publications help them do that.se >> well, thank you all for introducing yourself, much better job than what i woulddu have done. we are going to ask questions so everyone feel free to jump in and add, subtract, however you might want to react. i thought we could star with kera for a second. although you're not -- people deciding on books, you also worked in the library, several libraries, i believe, can youan tell us behind the scenes, how -- how a collection works, how you sort of -- if we were to start a library, how would we start it? >> sure, sure.rt

you know, every library is different because every community is different and when you're talking about building a collection really your first starting point is the communityo looking at the demographics of the community, what do people want and what do people need, what are the age groups that are, you know, most coming into your community centers and then starting there. so if you're looking at a very specialized library, medical library, it would have what we call a deep collection, sort of a narrow tight focus but within that subject area, many materials digging into that field. your average public library would want maybe not as much depth. you have babies coming in with parents maybe for story time looking for great stories to read out loud, maybe you have teens working on assignments ang business leaders from there community needing access to

financial information or job seekers. depending on your community needs that's going to determine what kind of collection you want. that's the broad sort of answer. yeah, more specifically then when you start looking at, you know, your budget, how much money you actually have to spend and as we've said it's not just materials, big part of what we do is get stuff and give away for free and trying to figure out the balance in your spaces. >> can you also take a quick second to sort of -- someone working as a publisher, the publications you work for are just the basic fundamental first step for getting libraries to know about books, can you sort of explain about that? >> sure, the magazines that i work for we do feature stories and columns and what happens in

the library fields, but a big bulk of it is material review. we have a core of several thousand librarians who are volunteer reviewers and we send them the books and they write reviews. with that audience in mind. so it's peers writing to peers. they want to know that, you a know, they want to know what the book is about, first of all, because there are tens of thousands of books being published every year and more and more it seems like. if you heard the reports thatth print is dead or dying, don't believe it. print is alive and well.y boxes .. are faced with a deluge of material coming out, what do i buy, how do i buy it, that is what reviews do, give them a book they need so they don't have to read every single

title and understand what they are getting. that is our main purpose but a great library and will never read one review. other sources like publishers weekly, kirkus reviews, a great library and will never just read one source, she will be as diverse as possible and try to get diversity of opinion before making a selection. >> you were saying earlier you might not be familiar with the magazine. the reason you should be familiar with a magazine like library journal or publishers work lee is they do three publication reviews. >> very few tells you the book is coming now months down c the road if you have people who want to get hurt - - ahead of the curve. so when we talk aboutut lib libraries we oftentimes tend y to think more public libraries but talking the

role of the academic libraries? >> sure. the most important thing ofy a library to do is serve the community that surrounds it. us. a public library is a geographic space but for the university library is the scholars and the students on campus or within the system. is interested last week i heard a speaker discuss the difference between information and knowledge and that is helpful in the importance of libraries at the basic level there repositories of the information's but it's what they do to show through t lindying programming that allows them to transform that information into knowledge that is meaningful for their lives.ly witho and what helps to fill that role effectively without understanding the needs of the communities that they

served. and the activities that informed is based on stolidly instruction. so academic libraries haveth become all lot less quiet with the library on campus was very quiet if you went in there to study with hemestic deal of. in and going into custody ruth did youdid not see a word to anybody. today that is very different with the recognition on campus is a social process so they have created spaces where students and faculty members can have conversations i was attending a seminar

yesterday in doing able play the was very loud a and animated with the attempt to knock of the wall like librarians are supposed to do or used to do but that information and exchange is what turns information into knowledge. >> at the d.c. office. with policy is and bills what are the things?

of what you were going? what are the issues. >> the key issues are thent implementation for every student succeeds that. and is that's cool libraries are integrated into though learning environment in every school because a student who starts off in elementary school from the program graduates ready to go to higher learning or begin a career. if they don't have the access takes up to one year of free mediation on the same level as the others.

with the 21st century job fro that this school library and some real focused the has school libraries integrated right through her school. we are concerned the of thee opportunity act that passed then waiting for the department of labor iran education to tell us howny this will be implemented if you have been unemployed know the place you go for assistance when they're out of work is the local public

library or community college. to make sure as the congress to the 21st century libraries are integrated in the work force development system we're very interested in december security and privacy of student privacyerned end concerned with cataloguing at the library of congress to make sure that no laws are passed to restrict librarians from doing their job better at the moment there is thet the li appropriations bill to restrict the library of congress to do his job to update to which you think m would be boring but because of some members said makes

it quite interesting. so every day there's something new with forthought started with the libraries i thought it would be all about books. buwas wrong. every day a new issue comes up but almost nothing goes on in this country that doesn't impact libraries because every day isthing different. >>. >> to have them be a part of legislation we are looking at to talk to librarians and what that means practically

because the room filled with books is not it is a start to have huge impact on students and faculty in roachers. in to certify a a librarian who can make those connections with the materials. >> back to the school library is support for the students but also the teachers who have expertise but not all teachers who were good teachers how to integrate how to find electronic resources to

enhance the lesson plan thate is a school of the job library and the teacher can work without librarian every class's will be better. if it is more interesting more students pay attention. then of course, they learn more. it is so important for every class you are in school to have access end every teacher so the library and can enhance the student's experience the also the curriculum in the teacher's ability to teach in the 21st century way hime in on what the public library is doing for the process, public libraries

today are places of learning, where learning happens for people of all ages from birth through senior citizens but we do have a major initiative going on right now related directly to schools. we are participating in president obama's connect and initiative and this is to put a library card in the hands of every school student in the county. last spring we had a very positive partnership with gaithersburg elementary and every gaithersburg elementary student received a library card which allowed them to borrow books, come to our programs and use all library resources and in spring we kicked off the partnership for the whole district so there is over 150,000 students in our district, over 220 schools and we are working with those schools to make sure every student has a library card. we kicked it off with elementary school students and we will move through middle and high school.

one of the important things for us with this initiative is to recognize that learning takes place in all kinds of places. it can take place formally in the classroom but not all kids learn that way. sometimes informal learning and hands-on learning is the way to attract those students. we offer a lot of different programs at montgomery county. we have a lot of programs for them to learn about science, technology, engineering, the process of creation and making things. we also offer book clubs for kids to participate in, poetry writing, we have a wide variety of programs available and it is not only the school students, we also offer things for students, people who might've left school and are looking to get into another career. we have online courses for them to train for new careers and we are doing a lot recently in the workforce developed area and the

library is one of the first places people come to if they are jobhunting and need to learn to work on a resume or how to find a job and it is through our programs and computers that they are able to gain access to new career paths. i also wanted to add that we are much more than books. books i just the beginning. a lot of you would be surprised to see what community hubs we are today. we are all about collaboration and being a place for the community to come to gather. we offer a lot of meeting space and a lot of opportunities for people to come in and learn about new subject and find out about different ideas. >> that is great. i would like you to take away a lot of themes from today but one thing that makes sense to me that i alluded to earlier and we all touched on a little bit. libraries are more than books. i have an elementary school

daughter, when she went to her first day of kindergarten, where is the library? we don't have a library, we have a media center. why can't we call it a library? it is more than books. back in the stone age when i was a kid it was more than books then too. there is nothing new under the sun. we could probably spend the rest of the day talking about technology, what is going on. anyone -- did we miss any piece of the technology to talk about? >> i can tell you what we are doing in montgomery county with technology. we have opened two digital media labs. they are focused on helping teens gain digital literacy skills, ready for 21 stoop century workforce and in those technology labs teens have access to software and technology they may not of been able to afford on their own so they can create music, record videos. we have 3-d printing which most

people don't have their own 3-d printer at home. they can see a demo of how it works and they can also learn how to design their own 3-d creation. they also offer a lot of clinics and services for people to learn to use wireless devices. that is the way we really bring technology to everybody because a lot of people are making the transition from print to using an e reader or e-book or somebody's kid gave them their old ipad and they are learning to use it. we provide the personal connection for people so that they can learn to use the new technology. >> the 3-d printer is more than just a toy. a 3-d printer is crucial for entrepreneurs and innovators working on trying to come up with new inventions and that sort of thing.

they can use a 3-d printer to create their first creation as they take it to try to sell a business or business idea. as far as innovators and entrepreneurs go having that 3-d printer is crucial for them to be more successful. we know in the 21st century that small business is where all of the new jobs are coming so having those innovators and entrepreneurs have access at the library to this free resource which really allows them to jump ahead, to move forward with their inventions is really important. >> if you haven't seen a 3-d printer in action, it is fascinating, really amazing. something i want to talk about, we talked a lot about this is new, this is new, we talked a little bit online, what is the same? what are the things that are

still the same? it is not your father's library but there are a lot of good things that exist that have always existed. what would you point out? >> one of the things we talk about is the third space, this theory that most people have two major places, their home and adult's working for kids, school. it is important on an emotional and sociological level to have a third place at a third-place is starbucks or a community center. many communities the public library is that third space where you are not in school or at work or at home with your family but you can find inspiration, you can find a 3-d printer or a quiet spot to sit down and talk about a great new book. that service, that important third piece of modern life that

is so important is still the same and library still provide that space for people and we still have many books and materials in addition to the cool programs and technology and 3-d printing, there are many many books and it is a great discovery place. there is great serendipity in a library you don't necessarily achieve browsing an online site. you walk through the stacks and find a display or something and discover a new author or collection of poetry or whatever it is at your library and that is something really special and important that is never going away. >> i also add the other thing that hasn't changed in all these years is you can borrow books, materials, videos, dvds, all sorts of material you can download to your advice and that

is all free. >> personal connection with the library staff in the library. i have worked in other places besides libraries but i find people that work in libraries really care about the customers and patrons they are serving and customer service is the first point of concern and they want to make sure everyone who comes in their doors feels welcome and can get access to the information and resources that they need. >> building on that, what hasn't changed is the library and. in every library there is a library and who is trained to serve you and the best way that you need. what has changed maybe is the service but it is always the same base so libraries have always offered story time but we have more targeted story time.

we have always offered helping parents and encouraging parents to read to their children but we teach caregivers how to effectively read to their children and it might change but it is improving upon those classic star wars that are so important. at the beginning of the building blocks of creating a reader it is so important for everything in life that you be a good reader, that you enjoy reading. that is what libraries are about, fostering a love of reading so that you can enjoy it, you can learn so that when you go to school you can learn things and for the rest of your life you have always got that wonderful warm feeling, an activity you can fall back on and just enjoy whether it is for 10 minutes reading the newspaper or three or four hours reading

your favorite novel. it is always there for you. >> something a lot of people don't know is a term called readers advisory, library and use this all the time, rita's advisory is the skill of having a reader in front of you and saying what do you have? that is a good new book. and of course at that moment a lot of people's mind immediately go blank. librarians cultivate this skill called readers advisory so when someone asks that question you have many titles or know what kind of questions to ask that individual to find out what is the right book for them and the secret is all librarians love to do this. if you ever spot a library and don't ever feel bad about going up to them and saying what new books should i read? what do you have for me because you make their day. they lived for people to ask them that question so they can start their mental rolodex. >> absolutely. we could go on forever. pages of questions i want to get to, i would love to talk about

censorship and diversity. i want to put emily on the spot for a quick second and ask her a simple yes or no question, maybe not simple. as everyone probably knows we do not have a librarian of congress. the president has nominated carla hayden who is local from maryland, heads of the baltimore library. you have seen the process started at least. is she going to get confirmed? >> yes. [applause] >> a fabulous librarian of congress, she is going to bring to that job new energy, new ideas and there have been librarians of congress before but none like carla. this country is in for a treat because she understands that the librarian of congress is a leader both in the united states and to the rest of the world, to

show other countries how great libraries are in the united states and to open them up and give them ideas about how they too can aspire to america's version of libraries. >> mary ellen quickly give me a couple things people don't know about the montgomery county public library. a couple hidden gems. >> okay. we have 21 locations and we just opened the silver spring library last june. if you have not visited it it is beautiful, it is amazing. we have touched on this before about we are more than books but i invite you if you haven't been into one of your local branches recently come on by and see what we have to offer. we have a branch online available through our website 24 hours a day 7 days a week, it is available wherever you are as long as you have your library

card. you can download e-books, magazines, music, you can take online classes, you can learn a new language, learn to talk like a pirate through one of our services, you can take a bunch of different classes to help prepare you for a career change if you want to be a project manager there are project management classes where you are learning to drive, we have a practice test for drivers education and test prep and so much information available to you here in montgomery county and we also offer world language collections. if you are not a lawyer with those in several of our branches we have materials in other languages. keira was mentioning rita's advisory before. made me think of something we are trying to do in our library system of taking traditional library skills like the readers advisory and use them in the 21 stoop century. we started an online rita's

advisory service called what do i check out next, this is one of our favorite things to do. they love to read, they love to talk about books. you can see the meetings of groups of librarians who work on this, everyone comes out with a long list of books. they really do enjoy providing that service and with summer vacation coming up you might want to send them an email, talk about a few books you like or dislike and they will send a personalized list of books to read. the last thing i will mention is some are is right around the corner and our summer program is about to kick off on june 1st and a program that is offered for everyone. this year we have a program from babies all the way through adults. there is something for everyone. it has an online component and an in person component as well. please consider checking that

out as an activity to do with your family this summer. >> for those in the viewing audience, there are summer reading programs in every community across the country. it is so important that children continue to read throughout the summer so please enroll your children in the local summer reading program. >> we are spoiled in this area. not only do we have these great local libraries but one of the greatest if not the greatest library institutions. tell us the hidden gems we might not know about in the library of congress. >> first of all i want to tell you the library is the oldest cultural institution in the country and the largest library not just in the country but in the world. how many of you have visited the library of congress? that is great! that is awesome! i want to ask the kids in the audience if they can tell me how many miles of shelving hold the

library? how many miles of shelving you think we have? >> give me a number. 2000? >> pretty good. anybody else? >> what do you think? 40,000? 40,000. >> i'm going to disappoint you. it is 838 miles of bookshelves which is pretty huge. we have 3.6 million recordings, 14 million photographs. those of you in the audience who know dorothy laying's iconic photograph micro mother may not know that it is one of 100 150,000, 170,000 photographs depression era collected in the farm services administration. the library also has the content of abraham lincoln's pockets on the night he was assassinated. those include two's pairs of spectacles and the lens

polisher, a pocket knife, linen handkerchief and brown leather wallet containing a $5 confederate note and tween 9 newspaper clippings including several favorable to the president. you can see a 3 dimensional digital exhibition of these materials on the library's website. i will include one other which is that the library has 5 stringed instruments from antonio strata very. these are on display in the library but in accordance with the wishes of the donor who specified the instruments should not be displayed merely as relics, but needed to be played, they are pulled out periodically and offered to professional musicians to play in concerts that are open to the public. the library is also home to the dayton miller flute collection so if you like flutes there are nearly 1700 of them in the

collection at the library of congress. i will do one other which is we have the world's largest collection of comic books, 5000 titles and 135,000 issues of comic books. >> i also want to say again library journal is a great source. i would like to think everyone comes out of this knowing a little more about the library and also to educate yourself you can't do better than this if you go to your local libraries there. they probably would not be subscribing. i will ask emily this question. directive element of everyone on the panel. what can we all do here out there in the tv world to support our libraries? do we go to your website? is there a place to go to see

what is going on, supporting the library and of congress or supporting new bills, funding, what can we do? >> we need your help because libraries are expensive, they are a good investment but they are expensive. there are 16,400 public libraries in this country, almost 100,000 libraries so that takes a lot of investment. you can go to our website www. ala.org. there is a button to click for the legislative action center. if you go there that links you directly to congress and we are constantly putting up alerts on specific bills. every time to see a city councilman or the mayor or county commissioner or your senator or us representative, tell them how important the