and the third limiting factor is spectrum capacity, because if you're going to have that kind of high-speed latency, you have to have the ability for digital information to race down broad chunks of spectrum. multiples, of what we know today. so to overcome these challenges and to seize the opportunity before us, we need the next generation of wireless connectivity, fifth generation, or 5g. if the united states is going to continue to be a world leader in wireless, we need the speed the deployment of 5g here on our shores. the virtual-reality example that i gave is but one sample.

of the low latency activity. it is why american leadership in 5g must be a national priority. that is the example i gave you was just one example of how the driving force of the 21st century will be powerful processing, centralized in the cloud and wirelessly connected to clients, autonomous vehicles will be controlled in the cloud. smart city energy grids, transportation networks, and water systems will be controlled in the cloud. summers of education and entertainment company the club.

such futures will come to pass unless the pathway to and from the cloud is low latency, ultrafast, and secure. now we have learned anything in the generational march through wireless connectivity, it is that we have always underestimated the innovation that would result from new generations of wireless networks. the first generation wireless, one she was voice, and then early 1880s they said there be

900,000 cell phone subscribers by the turn-of-the-century, well it turns out there was 109,000,000. they were only offered by a. they were only off by a factor of 100 or so. the second-generation, 2g allowed both talk and text, but no one understood the power of text from shifting away and entire group, teenagers would communicate, to a developing world tool for banking the on bank innovators seized the new capability of texting and on imaginable ways. the third generation, third 3g married wireless and digital networks to open the door to connecting with the other new technological development at the time, the internet and the limited way. and in today's technology, 4g completed that digital migration enabling higher speeds for sophisticated applications including video. again, greater capability in the

network led to unanticipated in of bashan, without 4g there would not have been ways were over, or snapchat, or instagram, and the list keeps going on. but i have listed some examples earlier, moment ago about what 5g makes possible. but if anyone tells you that they know the details of what 5g is going to become run the other way. because it is the capacity to use this new capability that will determine what her future looks like. yes, 5g will connect

the internet of everything. if something can be connected it will be connected in the 5g world. but their world. but their predictions, but with the predictions of hundreds of billions of microchips connected in products from pill bottles to plant waters, you can be sure of only one thing, the biggest internet of things, application has yet to be imagined. yes, 5g will connect the young connected and compete with young competitive. millions of americans cannot access i keep speed connectivity because it's too costly to run the fiber to the home. verizon ceo has begun speaking lightly about using 5g connectivity to expand high-speed broadband service to rural areas. and fiber fast, wireless connectivity will deliver the long sought goal of competitive high-speed internet access for consumers.

but let's stop the imagining for a moment. here's the key, the interconnected world that we live in today is the result of decisions made one decade ago. the interconnected world of the future will be the result of decisions that we must make today. that is why 5g is a national priority. that is why this thursday i am circulating to my colleagues proposed new rules that we identified open up vast amounts of spectrum for 5g applications. we call it the spectrum front two years preceding and we will vote on it on july 14. our work 5g proposal, is the final piece in the spectrum

trifecta of low band, mid-band, and high band airwaves that will open up unprecedented amounts of spectrum, speed the rollout of next generational networks and redefine network connectivity for years to come. i'm confident the actions we need will lead to a cornucopia of unanticipated, innovative uses and will generate tens of billions of dollars in economic activity. but let's revisit that spectrum strategy for a moment. rule number one, the technology should drive the policy rather than the policy drive the technology. technology for 5g is not one thing, it is many things.

the marriage of moore's law and wireless connectivity involves smart antenna systems, new, more efficient transmission format, lower energy, lower energy system, network virtualization, and much more. on the spectrum side these technologies require new access to spectrum and multiple bands. the wireless future will not be a one-size-fits-all future. so our spectrum trifecta begins with a low band spectrum that is optimal for wide area coverage applications. at this very moment we are in the midst of the world's first incentive auction to make a greenfield low band spectrum available. the broadcasters have stepped up to bring spectrum to the market.

shortly, the wireless industry will have the opportunity to fulfill their repeated requests for more spectrum with this beachfront spectrum. mid- band spectrum is kind of the jan brady of the spectrum world. [laughter] , the overlooked middle child. but it's characteristics enable in order of magnitude increase in spectrum efficiency. the commission's recent aws and three new three.five gigahertz were landmarks in using new sharing tools to open up new mid- band spectrum and we need to continue looking for other midbrain opportunities. it is high band spectrum that will be the focus of our actions next month.

these bands, the high bands, offer huge swaths of the spectrum for superfast data rates with low latency and are now becoming unlocked because of technological advances in computing and tennis. if the commission approves my proposal next month, the united states will be the first country in the world to open a pipe in spectrum for 5g networks and applications. and that is damn important. it means that u.s. companies will be the first out of the gate. we will be repeating the formula that made the united states the world leader in 4g. it is a simple formula. formula. lead the world in spectrum availability, encourage and protect innovation driving

competition, and stay out of the way of technological development unlike some countries we did not believe we should than the next couple of years studying what 5g should be or how it should operate and how to allocate spectrum based on those assumptions. like the examples i gave earlier , the future has a way of inventing itself, turning innovators loose is far preferable to expecting committees and regulators to define the future. we won't wait for the standards to be the first, to be first developed in the sometimes arduous standard setting process of government let activity.

instead will make ample spectrum available and then rely on a private sector led process for producing technical standards best suited for those frequencies and use cases. leadership in networks leads to leadership and uses, which quickly moves across borders. so a result of this national leadership is the creation of a home-field advantage similar to what we knew it 4g. the main value of 5g will not be found in workshare or intellectual property, the the main value of 5g, by orders of magnitude will be in consumption rather than production. it will be a material gains and improvements in the quality of life and economic opportunity. i would also emphasize that the development of 5g is not anything like an international zero-sum game.

rather it is a contest in which everyone can win. our success and that of others redounds to the benefits literally of everyone in the world. we are already seen industry gearing up to seize this opportunity. i have seen 5g hardware and firmware. the technology is here. it is also important however to recognize the 5g technology will be a constant evolution. it will be a mistake to think that 5g can be frozen in a snapshot, it is more like a video with many new scenes all building on each other. the systems and standards for 5g will be continually improving

and evolving. on the network side verizon and at&t tell us they will be to begin doing trials and 2017, 17, these efforts will of course informed the standards process by putting stakes in the ground and the first commercial deployment search talking about is expected in 2020. this timeline requires that we act to pave the path today. with the new rules that i am proposing that ours spectrum frontiers order, we take our most significant step yet. down the path toward 5g future. the big game changer is the 5g will use much higher frequency bands than previously thought bible from mobile broadband and other applications. such millimeterwave signals have physical properties that are both in limitation and a

strength. they tend to travel best and narrow and straight lines and they do not go through physical objects as well. this means that very narrow signals in an urban environment tend to bounce around buildings and other obstacles making it difficult to connect to moving point. with brilliant engineers we have developed new antennas that can aim and amplify signals, couples with sophisticated processing that allows moving device to pick up all of the signals that are bouncing around and create one coherent connection. to make this work, the 5g buildout is going to be very infrastructure intensive. it will require massive deployment of small cells.

it will also opens up unprecedented opportunities for frequency you reuse in denser, more localized networks. the ability to ability to use this high-frequency spectrum of its much bigger chunks of spectrum. current blocks of licensed low band spectrum are usually five-10 megahertz in width. with 5g however, we're talking about spectrum that are at least 200 megahertz in width. width. this will allow the networks to carry much more traffic per user. gigabits in place of megabits of through part. the key point here is that by opening up these higher frequency bands, we're making available more license spectrum for mobile then the accumulative

history dating back to read hunt with the fcc has here to four made available. >> at this point of the program there's some audio issues with the microphones at the national press club. so we lost a moment or two of time wheelers comment. >> it be advantageous for the satellite mobile industries to come together to propose realistic ideas for their and to do so quickly. satellite and terrestrial stakeholders have suggested a range of sharing options in the draft spectrum frontiers order seeks to provide a balanced solution that addresses the needs of both parties. i'm confident that we'll adopt rules that will enable satellite, terrestrial, and federal operations to coexist and thrive. to make sure that we had this connectivity with high print

spectrum will require a lot more small cells which means a lot more antenna decisions by local governments. that is why it's important with the commission to strengthen our environmental and historic preservation rules and trained our lock for citing application reviews. america's local governments will play an important role in determining how we fulfill this national priority. in addition, all all the small cells need to be connected so we will need a lot more that -- that the challenge we will address in our daily services. with the kind a dedicated access that wireless providers need to connect cell towers. these a backhoe connections can be as much as 30% of the cost of operating a wireless network. with the additional sites required to support the use of millimeter spectrum that percentage is likely to increase to as much as 50%. in many areas, competition in

the supply of backoff remains limited. that can translate into higher prices for wireless networks than high prices for consumers. lack of competition doesn't just hurt the deployment of wireless networks today, it threatens as well the delay of the buildout of 5g that works with the demand for many, many more backoff dementias to many more antenna. before the end of this year, the commission will take up a reformed proposal supported by all the nations leading wireless carriers that will encourage innovation and investment and business data services while ensuring the lack of competition in some places cannot be used to hold 5g hostage. as we build the next generation network, lesson learned from her

previous previous experiences is that it must be secured. so this is the third leg of the process. new platforms, systems, software, and technologies will mean new vulnerabilities. cyber security issues must be addressed during the design phase of the entire 5g echo system including devices. this will place a premium on collaboration amongst all stakeholders. we continue to prefer an approach the emphasize that industry develop cyber security standards, just as we have done in the wired networks. but security is an essential components of where we go on networks and will have the ability to think about it first as aforethought rather than an afterthought. so in conclusion in the spirit

of the election season i thought i would close with these remarks. by referencing a campaign speech from the 60s, now a lot of my friends here think i'm going to be talking about the 1860s, but actually i'm talking about the 1960s because on july 15, 1960, john f. kennedy went to this podium at the los angeles coliseum to accept the democratic nomination for president. he's famously challenge the american people to be pioneers of a new frontier. he spoke of harnessing the power of technological revolution and exploring uncharted areas of science and space. jfk's visions charted the path that took us to the moon and laid out the foundation for the internet. this july 14, 56 years less one

day, from when jfk talked about the new frontier we will have the opportunity to take an historic steps open up another frontier that promises to propel our nation in the world forward. once again we are looking to the sky to unlock new discoveries and unleash american ingenuity. we are the pioneers of any spectrum frontier. working together we can write this next chapter in the mobile revolution. a revolution that is already transformed our lives and society. working together we can unleash new waves of innovation and discovery that we have yet to imagine.

thank you very much. [applause]. >> thank you mr. chairman, i will note that i will will use the wireless microphone you can use the other one. >> can the american sumer not in this room now, it may seem that 4g is just in its infancy. we just saw television and asked her about it, so why is 5g so urgently important? >> it's? >> it's a great question. it goes back, i had one line that really deserves further explanation. all of the things that powerful computing makes possible cannot be done on the chip of the handset.

they have to be moved to a centralized place that we have now come to call the cloud. so the work is done there in the cloud and it is connected to the less powerful computing power in our handsets, or are pill bottles are automatic watering systems. in that connection is what 5g is all about. it has to be fast, it it has to be latency free, and it has to be secure. if we can't move at high-speed's between that power and its use then we will not be able to bring that power into our hands and other places,. >> then that's the next question which you have talked about the club quite a bit how concerned are you about cyber terrorism and are we doing enough to prevent it as we move forward? >> so i think we have to recognize that networks have

always been a pathway for attack. i don't care if they were roads or waterways, they have always been a path for attack. so the current networks are no different. and which places on those who build and operate the app networks and those who oversee that activity a special responsibility. under the leadership of admiral simpson, we have moved forward aggressively with the program that works with those who are running networks to meat agreed to performance standards if you will, as to how you secure those networks and then to have the ability to check that is happening and the ability from that experience to be able to share with everybody else. we have been playing catch-up,

the issue is, look at this my phone is ringing. [laughter] , this is the power of the connected network, the ever connected network. the issue is that we now with 5g know the threat and have an opportunity to address it from the get-go. >> we talked about how the united states is leaving when it comes to 5g, water other countries doing and how we maintain that leadership spot compared europe or somewhere else. >> so, the european union, china, japan, south korea have all signed a memorandum of understanding that they would all work together to develop 5g. the european european union has put up 700 million euros to do 5g research.

as i referenced in my remarks, we think that is the wrong way to go. we think that making the spectrum available and standing out of the way of technology development is far better to listen to rather wait until we decide what is going to do and then make the spectrum available, and then let's micromanage the technology process. that is not we were going to be approaching it. >> are there lessons to be learned from the rollout of 4g technology in the u.s. and elsewhere that will apply to the start of 5g? >> sure, sure, there are lots of them. not the least of which is the wireless network allows on base stations, they'll have more base stations than ever before, the wireless network relies on wired connections which is why were

moving on this business data services proceeding to make sure that those connections are charged for fairly and are competitive. the interesting thing about moving from 3g to 4g was kind of like during the switch. and okay were moving over here to the spectrum, there is a holy set of expectations as we said it's not going to be a one size fits all. it will be multiple technologies and they are constantly going to be evolving. i think that we can follow the 4g playbook in terms of how we get national leadership and that's why it is a national priority but the 5gx cake execution on that playbook becomes one of constant innovation, constant improvement

that america technology can lead the way. . . . . >> >> if we can exploit the increase processing power. >> you are taking action in this summer but when will

the spectrum be in consumers' devices? when will they notice this technology? >> id we will see some trials in 2017 to rollout into some markets in 2020 that will put us ahead of the world. >> you just referenced above moonshot talk about what excites you the most exciting thing of the opportunities to make this a five g network. >> as my friend knows, i am a huge history buff. i have actually had a hobby to study networks and there is one truth. and it is never a the principal technological

change that is transformational but the secondary effects and what i am trying to say that we have some ideas but when you take that incredible processing power and make it available on a mobile distributed basis down to the ultimate user, i did not envision lugar -- and i know there things we cannot envision now but i was in silicon valley last week and we hear a lot about the connected car. all of the activity will

happen up here in the cloud because my car will have to know where your car in a school bus is and all of this information will be processed with serious ability because you can just do it down here unless there is a huge computer in the trunk. the average household today uses about 50 gigs. i told that is connected car uses 50 gigs per day. and to handle that kind of power. >> with the very small rural area how does that translate

to areas that may not even have 40? >> the problem with the current distribution is the expenses with the cable or the fiber with a subsidy program that helps get over that there are significant areas wireless is helpful to get there and important but has lower speeds and can be more costly but verizon is talking quite seriously about using these focused high-speed broadband with shots into rural areas to be able to deliver the equivalent of a cyberto your home for a price that is far more competitive and

realistic. >> people that don't cover technology like myself wonder the question how can you create new rules for a technology that does not yet exist? >> that is the $64 question at the heart of what we're trying to do. we will open the spectrum to make sure the innovation driven by competition is protected and to say we're not to end the technology world. >> bomb last question. with the wireless industry went to a specialized service to ubiquitous every day life of consumers. are we on the brink of

something? >> i think that is a yes. >> if you have that mobil high-speed connectivity is always about for the applications and that is a boat load. the d.c. circuit court last week. >> i thought he would never get around to that. >>. >> debt held those rules and

then to be stepping down from the senate confirmation >> i think the reality is that ought to be confirmed standing on her own. and i understand it is tradition for the fcc chairman for the incoming president to have an opportunity to name the new fcc chairman and i have told the senate when i was asked the question that i understand the president and i respect the president and let's see what happens.

>> do you think they will revisit the decision not to regulate with net neutrality? >> we are very clear to say we are for bearing from the regulation and that is not changing. >> donald trump said he will reverse the neutrality regulation and menippe authority in what impact will that have on consumers? >> we have just been talking about the spectrum future future, connectivity future and how this country moves forward with national leadership there are three components. the spectrum must me

fast, increase speeds speeds, access to spectrum must we fair to make sure in rural utah people are connected for those benefits into the open. because we cannot stand in a position for those that were deciding we are leading and will continue to lead because our networks are open and will be made open

to use without permission for consumers in any place they want to go on the web and with full transparency so they know just what they're getting. >> you did not talk about donald trump and all answering that. >> with the independent programmers as an alternative with that top box proposal to ditch the cable box is altogether while addressing the concerns that the content kennedy has raised are you open to compromise with the closer collaboration? >> it is absolutely terrific that the cable industry came forward with this proposal i have been asking them to do

this they indicated that a lot of the arguments that were put up against the set top box proposal fell by in the wayside up copyright can be protected consumer privacy can be protected and small that works can continue to thrive you don't have to rebuild the network so the approach that the fcc suggested that can be taken in one eye and interested in with constructive dialogue on the specifics of how do you write the regulations to achieve that?

there have been times in the past where the industry says they will do similar types of things so let's make it come to pass now. 99% of american consumers have no choice but to pay the monthly set top box be running an average of two and injured $30 per household per year. congress said there needs to be choice section 629 of the communications act says not may or think about it but they shall provide that there are competitive navigation devices for consumers and we will follow through on the statute. >> with this set top box the of their big priority has been business services what are the problems and what will you do?

>> is an arcane area that we tried to change it used to be called special access because it was the way in which a carrier would sell to another party normally another carrier, the specific quality guarantee delivery of service and the competition in that we follow the rule competition competition competition that increase is regulation should decrease but we are trying to look at the market to say how we play back -- apply the concept because it hasn't been revisited by the commission in a dozen years a few things have changed and technology during that time so we will revisit that but as i said it is

absolutely essential that we do this because it will be the wireless future moving on wired networks and that is not competitive or fairly priced spirit pay-tv are famous for their core customers that the senate will investigate it this week is there anything the sec or congress can do to force companies like comcast to respond to claims faster? >> i think it is great the senate will have the hearing on this with the complaints that we hear from consumers on this topic are legion as you look at the scope the authority that congress has given us however it is limited in this area.

>> before a move to you the final question i have the few announcements the national press club is the world's leading professional organization for journalists we fight for free press worldwide for more information please visit press.org tomorrow the university of missouri interim president speak june 30th national transportation safety board will address the club in july 14 the director of the national security agency will speak at the press club luncheon i'd like to present our guests with the traditional national press club a mug. [applause] [laughter] it is now wireless.

i'm sorry but we have one last question it will be a tough one. public officials are supposed to deal with the public so can you telecine personal stories or nightmare encounters of customer service representatives with any of firm? >>. [laughter] >> is something a little stiffer? >> we hear from consumers all the time about this and yes public officials are real people in the most recent experience was left

with the customer service representative in more with my wife calling me saying the irs was after us because there had been a spoofing incident where what is happening increasingly is fraudulent people principally from a broader using the internet to connect over here and called random numbers and announce they are the irs and i need to be paid in this is where you send the check. so that happened to us and last week we started getting threatening phone calls from an individual who himself

was on the receiving end but the phone number was my phone number. okay? this is something that is a legitimate concern this is something that there are individuals that could be held responsible for this and one of the things we're actively doing right now is trying to figure out exactly the right way to go after this. but we will not sit around and say this as this goes on. [applause] >> thanks for being here and to the staff we are adjourned.

[inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations] >> thanks for being with us.

>> you have been looking at this story from a number of angles what happened today? >> i think the big picture is the trump campaign was going in the wrong direction leading by seven points we know that they'll look at the polls very closely but contrary to his primary bid which was very successful he is behind and i think it was a message to the republican establishment that a change was needed in the shake-up was needed internally there were indications that the trump adviser that there was tension so you cannot have to campaign managers for one person calling the shots i think the big picture was interesting that this was announced on monday morning not when you very the news on a friday afternoon so i

think this is an acknowledgement the ship needs to be turned around and they needed to part ways. >> did what roles did to his daughter play in all of this? >> he is the one who leads his campaign but he does listen to his daughter and apparently she was urging this move and i think that he was getting it from a number of quarters that there was tension between the campaign in the committee and those started to leak last week so i think he describes himself who rubs people the wrong way does not have a lot of experience with campaigns certainly not general campaigns are high profile ones for obviously his candidate did quite well in the primary but the

republican establishment felt like donald trump is not pivoting to the general election and has wasted time over the last month with some bad headlines but to be fair the criticism he has been getting has been aimed at trump as he has gone after the mexican-american judge born in indiana that was controversy tweeting after the orlando massacre thanks for the congratulations but i'm not interested but that was not the right tone that republicans felt he needed to read adopted the wake of that tragedy. the key is will he be presidential he has promised it and used as teleprompter and maybe there were some indications that he could not get through to trump to

change to that of where you not only have to get the base but the independents and of latino voters with trump's disapproval rating at 89 percent in those numbers are devastating for general election candidate so really less than one month before the convention we have a major change in the major time for the campaign so now we will see where does it go from here. >> if you consider the three pillars of money and a message and get-out-the-vote organization as you indicated that takes place in cleveland so where does that put the trump can paid with the relation with the rnc? >> at least publicly recently they have been fairly good reince priebus is behind donald trump and

supportive of him and called and the presumptive nominee but there are questions you have to raise a lot of money in indications clinton and her allies will have $1 billion in trump indicated he would need that much because he doesn't need as much media time and and maybe only 300 million in democrats saw that as an acknowledgement of weakness they're having trouble getting the money necessary to defeat clinton so i think a lot of things have to happen between now and the convention he has to figure his vice presidential pick in what the convention will be about, who will speak out scripted, and certainly republicans like mitch mcconnell has been critical publicly which is highly unusual for mitch mcconnell to say that he needs to get on message certainly that is

not something we have seen over the last month it has spent a rough month. >> more details are online the editor in chief thanks for being with us senator

terrorist attack that claimed 49 as the victims in orlando left families broken and our country shaken has a deliberately targeted tax inspired by hateful old ideology and tragically reminded us opposes pirate attacks right here in our country. to know the way to prevent more of these is to defeat

ijssel where trains andd operates like iraq and syria and the president appeared to recognize that this weekend he said we are and will keep doing everything in our power to stop these kinds of attacks and ultimately destroy isis but as the nation just learned from the cia director john thus brennan, they remain formidable resilient and cohesive and me our efforts have not produced the capabilities of globals reach. they are training to deploy a further attacks in the last it is evidence it has not been sufficient from more inspired attacks right

here at home but needs a campaign to accomplish this objective or prepare the military and intelligenceuld community if he won't we should continue our efforts to prevent attacks these other priorities that continue to be at the forefront of our efforts. wolf so we connect the dots with respect to communications of the lone wolf attacks likepo what we saw in orlando and reoffered proposals that they are not able to purchase weapons but consider two of them today along with two democratic alternatives the first proposal from senator courted were blocked the sale of a firearm ort sale explosive to a suspected

terrorist in once probable cause is shown to block thete sale to allow the suspected terrorists to be arrested and detained this would apply to anyone currently investigated as a terrorism suspect as well as anyone who was investigated within the last five years. as and like his proposal thes o alternative would not prevent a terrorist from buying explosives as the alternative is only to firearms with senators weapon nr proposal they would not notify state or local law enforcement when a terrorist tries to buy a weapon nor would even give the opportunity for them to be arrested or detained. and unlike the senator's proposal it would not insure due process or require the

government to have procedures to be sure it is investigating the right people. the second proposal from r senator grassley would improve the data base fromit all levels of government have the necessary records including mental health. it would also allow for additional resources to update and improve the grassley' system i'd like senator grassley is proposal the democratic proposal does not study mass shootings the democratic alternative would not have prevailed gun walking operations like "fast & furious" and a mike senator grassley is proposal the alternative not not require the department of justice to explain where it has not been using the gun laws already on the books we know weapons related convictions with the obama administration are down 30% able

compared to a decade ago. as an no one wants terrorists to be able to buy guns or explosives. no one.pa instead of using this as an opportunity to push a partisan agenda i will craft the next 32nd campaign ad but they are pursuing real solutions to keep america safer from the threat of terrorism this is a serious and constitutional way to understand the most important way to prevent a military strategy at home is by defeating terrorism overseas. serious solutions is what the american people now demand more than ever mondadori should keep our focus. epidemic

>> mr. president we have an epidemic of gun violence and it is getting worse everyn day last week's attack in a popular nightclub in orlando florida did deadliest shooting in modern american history to see as an act of terror 29 people killed dozens wounded.s caused many of those will suffer the rest of their lives with paralysis or blindness and other maladies caused but the evil shooter.ome of

sadly mass shootings occurred with regularity in our country was just talk about some of them in recent years in tucson arizona arizona, 20116 killed a number injured one of them was gaby give kurds andba wonderful a human being was critically injured. heard a good husband the famous fashion not just doing everything he can to make her life as normal as possible. curses city nevada 2011 for killed and a popular restaurant period the denver national guardsmen having a

break and for having breakfast and there were gunned down by a young man aurora colorado people watching a popular movie in 2012 were gunned down in a night of terror newton connecticut 201220 little. kids 20 babies and educators killed. 2013 washington d.c. 12 killed. las vegas nevada. terror 2014 a couple of people just left the domestic terror situation i guess they

didn't get enoughficers opportunity so they came to las vegas with into a restaurant with two police officers sitting having the breakfast to men with families a man and woman walked up and shot both of them in the head in front of a river a walked out with next door to wal-mart and killed another unsuspecting shoppers charleston is south carolina one year ago nine killed. in a church praying andf singing which you should do in a church, a murder was there and killed nine of them. a idaho.

i'm sorry organ. colorado, 20159 killed, reuter springs colorado a crazy person hellbent doing something in his own mind to stop an abortion and killed three innocent people nothing to do with abortion just innocent people. standard day a california a government facility for the holiday celebration were maimed and killed by two domestic terrorists kalamazoo michigan. 2016 a driver to pick up aha fair to drive around town

that is 100 not counting the 49 we could still go what about the 90 deader killed every day with guns in america? new after the murders from the city iran and a new town was biggest south carolina and/or again california and colorado michigan after these murders the people look to congress to stop them. what do they say? that they don't feel safe

they want to feel safe they want the violence to stop and to end like getting help from elected officials with this pattern of inaction that we try to pass sensible gun safety measures ever bought by the republican congress from the nra.and april 2013 the shootings from newtown to be exposed to background checks. this kind of finishing clipsssat the shooter who went into the nightclub one week ago had an assault rifle holding 30 shows. empty every time he pulled the trigger it would take 34

seconds to empty 30 shells he could reload in one or two seconds we know he had the least to extra 90 clips, the bullets does anyone think that requires 90 bullets does anybody that think anybody needs that many to go hunting? for what? preve that the man in orlandora florida went hunting for people to try to limit the site of ammunition clips but the nra did not accept those proposals so senate republicans don't accept them the filibuster blocked everyone and it happened again last december following the shooting in san bernadine no the legislation to close the loophole the bill would have

prevented suspected terrorist for legally b purchasing firearms. keeping terrace from buying guns should be something upon which everybody agreesin's but the nra said no republican said no.sible so they blocked senator feinstein's legislation that is a pattern that we seessociat, repeated the matter how terrible the tragedy their beholden to the nra and not the people that elect them to represent them. plaguing but today and afraid it is more of the same to have the opportunity to stop the rampant violence plaguing our nation in search of a to do something celeb 530 we

will have the gun related amendments to of these are serious proposals to protect americans from gun violence the murphy booker of madrid would close-up polls to the system to ensure thelose firearms keep out the hands of the terrorist criminalsg witt and that allows a suspected terrorist to legally purchase explosives most of these keeping with what america wants and needs the 90 percent favor expanded background checks with an 80 percent want to close the loophole these are democrats and independents and i will say mr. president the nra doesn't feel the way the

people feel even on a depressant favor the more than 80% to close the terror of the poll republicans i am constantly checking the voice of the american people instead proposing legislation for someone who has a mental illness instead we publish opposing legislation to make it more iows difficult the first republican amendment the senator from iowa proposese repu one estivate with a severe mental illness can buy a gun that is what it says. it would make it easier for someone who just gets out of. a psychiatric facility to from t

walkout and buy a firearm. second from the senior senator from texas could sell after a brief 72 hour breeding period that would compromise terrorism investigations i'm sorry counterterrorism investigations these are political stunts and meaningless to stop gun violence these are amendments to get attention away from real legislation so republicans say we tried all the time the cheerleaders are the nra. that colleagues are stuck in the same rut giving in to the demands of the nra is always find an excuseich that ae democrats will get any reasonable proposal right

now they're working withp republicans to find a solution providing thew legislation really does keep guns away from suspecteds terrorists or people with mental illness but we know a they will not support those proposals that is why many the senate republicans to stand up against gun violence and as i sit here i see a lot of direct mail to say we need more money they're trying to take the guns away.. for we need senate republicans to stand up against the nra for change if we don't there will reject there murphy and feinstein amendment the

third time they will walk away from sensible gun legislation to givee suspected terrorists and the criminals access to firearms in the third time to call the gun lobby to be done down in cold blood they should be embarrassed but they are not because the nra is happy they put the lives of innocent americans ahead of the nra. >> mr. president. the few days after the mass shooting in orlando i received a very powerfult's. letter. a young lady from vermont she was sickened andrlando. horrified by the defenseless

act of hatred we saw in this eloquen but this eloquent letter that was passionate in she is 15 years old she is explaining even after her rage she has seen so many mass shootings it is becoming harder and harderre to faze her.oror she is calling on congress to act because it is time the gun laws and our country are completely reformed ) so the violent and hateful acts will be prevented and after i read her letter i was so moved to read it again i sat down at my home in vermont and started to draft a response over all the votes to have taken over all the years i started to look at

the hearings i had convened on gun violence all the bills i have:sponsor move to the judiciary committee on the senate floor. but then i stopped it is just a catalog i decided then nature the quality the moving aspect of her letter deserved a response here on the senate floor because she has given voice to something urgent that many people are dearing right now. so mr. president here is my reply.gh deere eleanor, a figure forethoughts i want you to know how powerful it is to speak up about issues as important as this one summary many of your generation have been disengaged on the big issues

of our day by your letter gave me hope you are right it is long past time for congress to reform the laws around gun violence you deserve to feel safe you should not have to fear the guns when put in the hands of terrorists in a large majority of our fellow americans their support those sensible answers but again,overnment has let you down time and time again common sense remedies awarded by obstruction and inertia. and powerful lobbyists and if only more people like you p stand up we would be able to change this eleanor are what

you to know our bin working for years for those solutions to stop gun violence and a contingency to touch every corner of ourthee country but the last 81 to solve the bills i have written but that have not been passed you want to know how we will overcome the opposition with the passage of laws to reduce gun violence. so i continued my letter and i said first we must remember the amazing men and women and children who died from gun violence every day. these tragedies and not limited to mass shootings.s has to pay attention to mothers and fathers and sons and daughters for what could have been prevented in second we need new voices like yours to hold

accountable and more peoplete to demand reform so we can overcome the opposition for the common sense was to stay at the hands of criminals and terrorists. and then i say i share your frustration to not become numb to the hatred and violence and urge you to speak out in your community and the wonderful state of vermont in social read yet to demand accountability it takes time to go along but speaking of and sharing ideas contacting elected representatives makes ai will difference and i hope the votes that i will cast on behalf of you tonight act to demonstrates that i agree we must act to prevent the next orlando. faq for doing bad and for

accountabl speaking out and for holding us accountable. i ask unanimous consent that her full letter be included in their records. >> without objection spirit last week democrats demanded action now we will have four votes to find every eachot senator stands i am a proud gun owner and most know we should do everything we can to keep guns out of the hands of suspected terrorists to do that we must close the loopholes the suspected terrorists to pass -- don't pass the of background checks this would give law-enforcement the discretion to stop the sale to a known or suspected terrorist of the public safety threat as the orlando

shooter attempted to purchase his assault weapon in the fbi would of noticed when he was doing it could have prevented the tragedy in orlando the department of justice that includes the fbi supports her amendment and i support this common-sense amendment closing the gap is not enough a potential terrorist is prevented from buying a gun in a local store they cannot simply by the samef back. gun on line without any sort of background check because they are not universal gun shows everywhere else what is the point? senator murphy's amendment closes a major loophole to require background check for every sale including a gun show and internet the vast majority of america supports

stronger background checks to prevent terrorist of all types of obtaining guns might pick up a fire arm i have to go through a background check and that does not bother me of that i don't want somebody who has warrants outstanding or restraining orders for their spouse to be able to walk into would then show to buy the same weapon with no background check so in the community, thee gun violence especially members of the lgbt community and first graders. first graders? and elementary schools college students military service members of the others of active duty we are called to come together in solidarity to enact real solutions to prevent

senseless violence to the millions of americans whoate agree we hope you're watching the senate today in thank you to remind us that we cannot stand idly by and wait for the neck strategy but offer a rabat's and i prayer's birkenau was thee time congress has to act and we could save american lives so i support the amendment offered from senator murphy and senator feinstein help my fellow senators to do the same i yield the floor. >> mr. president we're now

debating the appropriations bill i and the vice chair of that subcommittee and i just want to make people aware bill that the funds the department of commerce whichll hopefully works to create jobs in our country the justice department, national science foundation, a space agency that is all related to build a strong economy and protecting our people a bill that i have worked on not only all year long that bill, when it movears this subcommittee bill will be my final subcommittee that i would have been a major role.

people think she wants to move this bill all along and i do. i have worked hands on with my colleagues and with the senator from alabama, we have a good bill that i will continue to advocate the people say then why would you support a filibuster? i will tell you why guns guns guns.eople at and on the anniversary of the assassination of those people at the charleston scene church, we have another mass murder scene occurred and filibuster so we could g reorganized the filibuster to get a vote to stop the terrorist suspects from getting guns and also to extend background checks for all the sales and extends

back to to the internet and i actually ws so we can curb violence actually want to go further i want to bring back the ban on assault weapons because it is no more than a weapon of war to be used by dilatory - - military or defense of the country to kill a lot of people in a short amount of time but we knew we could not get that way so we went to these two bills.could not ge number one closed the terrorist a loophole in the other to extend background checks. i supported from newtown i see on the floor now the distinguished senator from

connecticut former attorney hapd general from when newtown happened along with the junior colleagues senator chris murphy also from connecticut senator booker from new jersey have led the fight and i am proud because what is the filibuster for? to get a vote we had to have a filibuster to get a vote to offer ideas how we could curb gun violence in our country to protect our own people against terrorist getting guns the other is to extend background checks to the internet sales and gun shows sales. i come from a proud heritage of hunting it is part of our way of life we respect backed but this will no wayng impedes anybody but yet we

had to filibuster to get a vote not even on the bill so just within a matter of two hours from now we will be voting on those two amendments i hope they pass and on the other side of the ideal there were alternatives that is the american way we present an idea that they think they have an idea so let's vote who has the best to curb violence and protect against terrorism. mr. president this is a the first time armed with a high-powered weapons and has killed fellow citizens in this and americans have died time and time again in schools or a movie theater

or the list goes on also availability of guns that occur in the city's likeilabilis baltimore with a high homicide rate due to the. drug trade we would like to be able to address that but instead we're focusing like i would have liked to of done more but this is a start and a salute those colleagues for the filibuster and merca wants c us to take action now let's go to closing the terrorist the poll when i am on an airplane i go through a metal detector and i take my shoes off i take my jacket off there was a time they even looked in my a tube of so tha lipstick i support that at

all want to be blown up in the sky and i don't want anybody else on the plane but why would we go through such incredible scrutiny to board the airplane to protect against terrorist? but yet we have no scrutiny for those on the watchless to buy a gun? if you're on the watch list terry is to that means you would commit terror to kill people like the horrific 9/11 incident that still sears our memory and grips our heart but if i get on an airplane we will know what i go through what is in my tube of lipstick certainly what we try to curb legal weapons? so that is why i support the feinstein amendment you can

walk into a gun store now and what that with a high-powered rifle a high-capacity magazine you cannot get on an airplane but you can get the ar-15? it is unbelievable what senator feinstein's amendment would fix i am glad to be a co-sponsor i amnd glad the senate will vote and i hope we can pass it the distinguished senator from texas has an alternative i will let him explain that and defendant -- defend that by the feinstein amendment is superior to also hope we passed the murphy amendment to close the gun show loophole 40 percent are unlicensed of the sales of on-line or at gun shows 40 percent of the gun sales have no background check

giving felons people of domestic violence or terrorist easy access this, givn amendment will get all ofit the names of all people into the national criminal background check system which is the federal system run by the fbi and require background checks for the sale or transfer of firearmsnd e mr. president background checks work and in 18 states where they are required for all sales 46% are killed by domestic partners and 48% are killed with handguns so if you want to protect law

enforcement from domestic users closed the gun show loopholed not only dealing with terrorists -- terrorist but those that are deeply troubled i urge my colleagues to pass thisbu amendment i urge them to pass the amendment. now i will say something before i leave the floor to the senator from connecticut senator, after newtown i really thought we would do something to the massacre of 20 children, 20 elementary school children and themselves in educators who literally put themselves in harm's way to save the children six educators 20 children killed by an assault weapon i thought we reduce something

but we didn't do it after newtown i didn't know when we would the aurora, charleston and our orlando if we did not do it after newtown i really hope that this is a new day in thank you for standing up for this family and all families in this country and i am honored to stand with you i yield the floor. >> mr. president mr. president i rise today to say to my colleagues who are here that i hope that we can stop the politics in relief focus on the results to make a difference for the american people. hearts are broken across this country as we woke up

sunday before last to the news of a horrific terrorist attack on the nightclub in orlando excuse me 49 49 innocent people and 53 more i were injured i cannot imagine how their families feel and the pain of their loved ones in what they must be experiencexperienc ing our prayers are with them and those that were wounded in with our brave first responders who had to go there to address the horrible terrorist attack this is an attack that shook the nation on the lgbt community when a place people come together to celebrate who they are it was an act of terrorism and hatred this was the worst terrorist attack on our soil since september 11th it is a somber reminder that

unfortunately someone who pledged allegiance to the leader of isis someone who unfortunately committed an act of terrorism act of hatred a somber reminder they continue to plan and inspire attacks here at home and read you have to take the fight to isis much more aggressively to make sure they don't continue to have the capacity to inspire terrorist attacks against us on the homeland or our allies around the world that we have seen in other places we have to do the radical islamists terrorist so they can no longer spread hatred

and violence and death co unfortunately they committed this horrible attacks he was investigated by the fbi in during that investigation he w was placed on a list that is part of a larger list which is sometimes referred to as the terrorism watch list when an individual goes to purchase a fire arm and there on this list the fbi is notified that the purchase is taking place and they have up to 72 hours to take action to further their investigation. but this individual was taken off because the fbi

had closed their investigation i hope we do not lose sight on the fact we do everything we can to understand any gaps in the intelligence system about that investigation understand why it was close to make sure that investigations like this don't get close to in the future and we have as situation if they have the resources in the tools they need to follow a properly when someone is in their sights like they had this t terrorist but the reality is had he been on the list, like he had previously before the investigation was closed the fbi would have been notified of his purchase. on the floor today we have proposals to address whether

terrorists should be allowed to purchase guns.es make no mistake gun-control stop terrorism. however i think we can allt we o agree that we do not want terrorists to purchase firearms that seems with both competing proposals on the floor to have some common ground that terrorist should not be permitted to purchase firearms unfortunately where refiners solaces that typical political football and i believe we should stop playing with something so important as a member of the armed services committee i will recommit myself and i hope every petty well to do everything we can to defeat isis i also believe we should recommit ourselves to

find the gaps of our intelligence system why the investigation was closed to make sure the fbi has the tools they need to prevent these attacks but we should work together to ensure that terrorists should not bebe allowed to buy firearms but we know what will happen will not find a solution by sticking to two measures that are on the floor through party lines supply have been working with senator collins and senator graham talking to people all sides about coming togetherge with a compromise that can pass the body to make sured that terrorists are not allowed to buy guns if you are too dangerous to board a commercial plane it stands to reason you should not be able to buy a gun people wamble sides agree on that in principle why can't react

in good faith to figure out the best way to achieve that goal? this is a gravely serious issue requiring a serious response and there is a solution but we have to come together instead of having competing proposals that have mostly failed in this chamber when we took the votes back in december and - - december and it's come together to have a proposal that is effective for the american people the senate will consider to proposals the center will be both have failed mostly on party lines and by all accounts they are likely to fail again and we will be right back where we started space for were smarter or no more successful to protect our citizens there'll be more political blame and no

closer to a solution to ensure that we move forward that terrorist acts have access to firearms i want to talk about a better way during the past week working together reaching out to my colleagues on the other side of the ideal, we want to propose legislation that passed the senate but to get to that solution we have to move the debate for word that is why i will be voting to a advance both options to ride an opportunity for us to come together with a a bipartisan compromise to get a result for the americano forwh people this is an opportunity if we go forward with this debate to get a result unfortunately both

bills on the floor are not the answer we know that. they have failed before so i will be continuing to push to get a result of what we do this afternoon to push for legislation that both sides know will fail. both are well intentioned but each has flaws. the and it would include the entire terrorism database and instances where a the derogatory allegation made about an american that has not been validated and there will be due process

questions about that.much more . no-fly nobody but this is much more broad it isfeinstein t misleading to call that that proposal. if you cannot get on a plane he should not buy a firearm it doesn't require the government to show anything other than reasonable belief. in december i and it doesn't mean it needs to be validated.tein's legislation it was the nets' lead -- a similar but with through due process however other legislation requires the fbi to react and 72 hours to present probable cause.

having been a former murder prosecutor it one dash prosecutor i am concerned that is not enough time to take proper action to mount all of that before a court to read a probable cause standard. so there are some concerns with the legislation and the fact had probable cause toom read charge somebody already. better way so there is a better way so we come together on these two pieces of legislation to move the debate forward there not an end until we have a common-sense result to ensure terrorists cannot buy guns and we protect to process of american citizens so our proposal is one that

would insure if you're on the no-fly list which by the way roughly 800 americans are on the no-fly list, that would insure that you could not purchase a firearm but if you believe your wrongfully denied your right you could challenge that in court to the government is wrong they pay your costs and attorneys' fees the legislation also insurers individuals like a horrible terrorists that committed these attacks is on a list that is smaller than the overall terror watchlist thesu must be reasonable suspicionhe to reach the additional high into criteria with derogatory information above and beyond required for the broader database that

th someone is engaged in terrorism your landau terrorist to created these horrific attacks that group of individuals would not be permitted to purchase a firearm but they would have the opportunity to go tois court to challenge that decision of the government is wrong then their cost would be paid for. ensure our proposal would insure that if you have been on the list for the last five years the fbi would notify if you purchase a firearm why is that important? unfortunately the tears that committed these were taken off the best we will never find out why that happened by we will make sure with this legislation that if you were that leased the fbi is notified to follow-up if

they wanted to conduct an in bash -- and an additional investigation which hope they would have that they would have the opportunity to do that this is a fair and workable solution that makes sense that when we think about the overall terror database with 1 million people, the no-fly, has a hundred americans if you combine the others less than 2500 americans to make sure if he were on the list and focused with the open investigation with the belief you are a engaged with terrorist that you should not be able to buy a firearm mr. president we hadpe

a responsibility to protect people's constitutional rights we need to make sure. there is a due process that is our basic responsibility that is why our legislation make sure that terrorists cannot buy guns and that the due process rights are protected if the government is wrong the cost of the attorney fees will be paid for because the government b should have the burden it is my hope that as they may fail tonight with these proposals not because the minute -- and the thing i will do because i want a result mr. president, we should stop playing political football with this and never ask members of this body if these proposals fail tonight unfortunately

it think it is likely to happen since this is almost "groundhog day" again we know the results of those i hope we can come together and talk about a good faith workable solution that makes sense and on both sides of the aisle we can work together to get a result for the american people to maketo sure we get something done to ensure they do not purchase firearms so let's also make sure that we continue to go after isis so they cannot inspire further mr. pres attacks mr. president let's also make sure if there are gaps because the fbi did not the fbi did not follow have, or they need more resources that if we work

together to address that as well because this is ad horrific act of terrorism we need to treat it accordingly and it is my hope we can work together on bipartisan solutions to help keep the american people say if. >> madam president i rise today to speak in support of the amendment to keep guns out of the hands of known or suspected terrorists. the orlando attack expose a dangerous loophole thatto allows no respected terrorist to legally purchase guns with the national criminal instant background check recall this loophole the terror gap and i will explain what that means currently there are 10 categories of people who were blocked from buying guns to the national instant criminal background check

and here they are. felons under felony indictment, drug users or attics those committed to mental institutions or adjudicated as mentally defective foreign nationals here unlawfully denied visas such as temporary workers those that were had ted dishonorable discharge from the military or domestics violence restraining order but one group that cannot be blocked are those who were known or suspected terrorist on the fbi consolidated terror watchlist they can buy guns but dishonorablyen discharged can people who are now citizens can drug users fugitives, etc. those of the

ones that cannot we know that individuals exploiting the loophole. according to fbi data the success rate for known or suspected terrorists to undergo background checks is 91% of over 2,000 from gao studies has been found to purchase guns so closing this loophole is first proposed by the bush justicein department and we derive the language it would give the attorney general the authority to block the gun sale and also provides the appeal process so i will

read the language it is directly out of the 2007 bush justice department the attorney general may deny the transfer of a firearm if the attorney general determines based on the totality of circumstances that the tranthree represents a threat to public safety based on a reasonable suspicion thatnts a threat to pu they are in gauger has been engaged in conduct constituting or preparation and data for related to terrorism or presiding materials or resources thater is directly from the bill and in order to ensure the fbi would be alerted in the case like the orlando sugar and also includes language proposed by senators leahy and nelson it would ensure any suspected terrorist who

tries to buy a gun within five years of being investigated would automatically trigger a notification about the attempted purchase so in 2013 and 14 the fbi conducted to increase on the dead man related to suspected terrorism even though the fbi was investigating possible terrorism and at one point place them on the watch list and had no power to prevent him from purchasing weapons that the gun store that isd the key thing. no power to prevent him from purchasing at a gun store if this was a place that would allow the attorneys general to know about your landau attempt and then

investigating him to determine whether to deny that done based off his history. so now we will explain the hist. database also known as the consolidated terror watchlist under this amendment the attorney general looks to this database to identify terrori suspected terrorist than tost be included they must have reasonable suspicion based on the totality of circumstances and objective facts that a person is a known or suspected terrorist information is derived from sources at home and abroad to ensure that only individuals are placed on the list the fbi director

told the intelligenced the committee that information thoroughly vettetted his process is rigorously audited to reduce the number of false positives there are approximately 1 millionas records in the database but less than half of 1% u.s. persons this is the net the screening database the intelligence and law-enforcement it is scrutinized with us importance placed on the database records meantime 81 dash maintained and fewer than u.s. persons one-half of 1% so this is a targeted

list carefully put together focused on the suspected terrorist to represent the risk to public safety the amendment also includes, one thing i will say but i willl repeat this when i discuss senator collins bill that many people confuse this list with the no-fly the best that is the center. . .