these issues because it's something that has affected our nation for such a long time and we are just now at the point where we can talk about these things and try to find a solution. that's really my motivation. i have several suggestions in the book about how we can deal with some of the issues that i talk about. i talk about all types of things, race, aging, a little bit about hoops and just how we've gotten to a point where we can't. >> guest: each other. i have been inspired by the founding fathers and the way they were able to come to a consensus and figure out how to leave us with a document to have this great nation that we have. we have to keep this in mind

because unless you can listen with an open mind, or express yourself without bitterness, you can't have a communication. you can't have that dialogue. that's the one thing that we need. there are too many people talking past each other and getting into all of their emotional issues and the things that drive them crazy, but they don't have the ability to listen to the other side as to what their issues are in the things that drive them crazy. that's what my book is about. i've been getting a great response to it and i'm very thankful for that because we need to continue to do the work that has been left to us. doctor king said we had work to do. he really defined it before he left us.

we can pull all the issues having to do with economic inequalities in the denial of political and civil rights and different segments of our society. this has been a problem for us since the origin of our republic, but we are just now getting to the point where we can talk about it. my book is here to encourage us to start this conversation. you mentioned the 49ers quarterback, i had a chance to talk to him before he did something really crazy and i think he handled that the right way and he is now as much of an inspiration as he was annoying people with what they thought was his disrespect for our country. that's not how he feels pretty wants to make our country a better place for the same reason that i do. he is going to get there. he is going to do what he feels is necessary to get people to

start thinking about these things. i am really happy to see that the movement is spreading throughout some of the other professional sports leagues, the the nfl definitely, and the mba is getting in there. as you saw lebron and dwayne wade and carmelo anthony all had something to say about the same issues that call on her neck is talking about. they are doing it in a way that invites discussion and a reasonable conversation as opposed to making people angry. that's what i wanted. i'm very happy to see that that is how it has worked out. >> that's what you have in your hands, if if you have copies of my book, that is what you would be reading about and i hope you enjoy it and get something from it. i hope you can encourage some of the people you know to speak

their mind on the subject. let's get to work on solving these problems. i want to thank you all for your attention. [applause] [applause] >> let's continue that conversation. we talked to martin luther king in this room in 1962, obviously trying to work in a civil rights movement. it's been a long time since then but were dealing with a lot of racial issues. how do we move toward this conversation? is it neighbor to neighbor, is it encouraging events like this, how do we get this conversation going? >> i think think it absolutely has to be neighbor to neighbor. for people in minority communities, sometimes they don't understand who their neighbors are. one of the things that i am hoping for is that people in minority communities, instead of talking about, that they get to start talking about. [inaudible] when they can do that that means a bridge has been built going

from one side to another. when the police department and various law enforcement agencies get to the point where they can start talking about those people and they start talking about the people we serve and protect, then that is another foot hole for a bridge. those bridges can connect. i think that is what we want to get to, where we get people who need to be talking to each other to start that conversation. >> i think what you're telling us, if i understand correctly, we have to stop the us versus them. [inaudible]

[inaudible] [inaudible] >> we need to have a means to communicate and to get our problems resolved. it starts with the first conversation and it ends when the problems are solved. >> this is a question from the audience. how do you have an honest conversation about race when everybody is afraid of saying something wrong that will make them look like they are ignorant >> i think we can't be afraid of being seen as ignorant because ignorance is what's driving all of this. people are not dealing with the facts, they are dealing in stereotypes. mr. rice is dead today because of the stereotypes that the police officials in cleveland ohio had about our young black men and he was a 12-year-old-year-old kid standing in a park, playing like

12-year-old kids play and he ends up dead because the cops just got out of the car and he had heard there was a threatening black person in the park so he shot the first person he saw there. this is horrible. we can't continue to have these things happening. the mindset that the police installed sometimes, sometimes in their offices really lends to this problem perpetuating itself. the police officials need to think about a different way to train their officers so they don't overact to innocent circumstances so tragically. >> following that question, does it help to have police in the community and not just driving by in a car? cops use to walk the beat and get to know their neighbors and understand that. does that help actually have the community police officers in the community knowing who their residents are?

>> i think that is the essence of what we want to eventually get to, the police officers know people in the communities they police and understand their people, not statistics. they are not -- they are people who have problems like any other group of people and the police are there to protect and serve these people. when they understand their job in that context, a lot of good things get done. >> you talked about the protest of the playing during the national anthem. that has extended to some other professional college and high school athletes. do you believe this is a good thing and what do you believe they should do toward push for more tangible solutions. >> the only way you can do that is to get involved in the political process. i am quoting president obama

several times that i've seen him, he says don't get mad, vote. we have to participate. we have to have people from minority communities who are willing to run for public office and become lawyers and district attorneys and police officers and serve on our wonderful police commission. people from minority communities have to be involved that way. if they can't be involved that way, that things are going to continue to happen. when they are involved that way, their voice is heard in the community gets the type of service they should get from the police department. >> question from the audience as well, why don't more athletes do what you did, what colin kaepernick did, is there too much pressure to not speak out? >> there's a lot of fear for professional athletes that they think they are going to ruin their brand. we have the great and shining example of muhammad ali was

willing to sacrifice three of his primary years as heavyweight champion because of the fact that we were fighting and unjust and illegal war in vietnam. he had to make a choice. he made the right choice. people didn't agree with him at first, but within a couple of years, both the american public and the supreme court agreed with him and we did the right thing with regard to vietnam. it took some sacrifice and it took somebody with the courage to stand up and this is what we have to deal with now. the issues are that vital. our country is sorely in need of people with that type of courage and vision. >> let's follow on that just a second. you talk about muhammad ali who lost his title and probably millions of dollars in doing what he did. you yourself may have lost some endorsements for speaking out. you believe over time this change has become easier for athletes and stars to speak out because there's less of a price to pay. >> i don't know if there is less

of a price to pay, but i think the athletes are starting to see that their value and what they can achieve on the positive side is worth the risk. my good friend has decided to commit and he has given money to the naacp legal fund and i don't know if you remember a couple years ago, he just wanted to be kept out of it saying that republicans buy tennis shoes also. well, they they are still buying tennis shoes and he is still willing to involve himself politically so it's not as bad as it sounds. you just have to have the courage to make a stand. >> we've been talking a lot about celebrities. let's talk a little bit about ordinary people.

what does it take to get some people like the neighbor to neighbor conversations to get out of their comfort zone and engage in the conversation. what can we do to have them step out where they may not feel comfortable. >> i'm the wrong person to ask that. i don't have any choice. i feel that i have to do it, but other people, they might have some issues. it's something you have to discuss pretty if you care about your community and you're going to be silent, i think that's a coward's way out. i would like to see more americans with the guts to speak their minds and find out what actually is going on and try to help activate some real remedies >> we have a lot of questions, let's go to the election for just a few minutes. [laughter] i thought that was the reaction i was going to get.

how has the election affected race relations in the united states? >> i think the current election has really pulled the scar off the racial divide in america. mr. trump has said a number of things that really are disappointing from an american presidential candidate with regard to race and the value of communities, what he has to say about muslims and people coming into our country as immigrants. some of the things he has to say are just your reprehensible and have worsen the dialogue here in our country. we have to deal with that issue

and we have to elect the right person. i encourage some of you to go and vote your conscience. i won't tell you who to vote for, but i hope you care enough about our country to do the right thing. >> another question from the audience. the question is, how do you engage with people who may hold some bigoted or racist views? >> the only way you can engage with people like that is to point out how some of the policies that they are advocating, how how they affect people, how they affect real people. not in theory, but in reality. i'm thinking of, all right, let's take. [inaudible] this has only served of making the lives of minorities in various people because they are

stopped dozens of time for no other reasons than they live in a high crime community. police have made it easier on themselves to stop anybody for no good reason. probable cause doesn't seem to enter into their thought process there has to be a way that policing does not have to involve the cops overstepping the boundaries and just saying you live in this neighborhood, your person of color, we, we have to check you out. that's not what the constitution says. it's illegal, it's wrong and they have to find a better way of policing than to indulge in that. >> have you ever yourself had a personal experience with police officers that you found troubling. >> oh yes, i used to drive on the new jersey turnpike and i

had and stopped a couple of times. >> can you tell us more about that? >> there must be a number of black men in the area who had that similar experience on the new jersey turnpike. i think get arrested or write me a ticket, they just wanted to see what was in my trunk. a guess they thought i had a cannon in there or something. it happens me a couple of times on the new jersey turnpike. >> let's go back to the election for a minute. we discussed a lot of racism and religious bigotry. as a black man and a muslim, how are you dealing with it all and what would you tell younger men and women who face bigotry. >> i would tell anyone who's dealing with that bigotry issue that you have to confront it. you have to take people who want to react to you in a biased and illegal way, you have have to hold them accountable and

complain to the correct authorities that you've been discriminated against. that's the only way that people finally see the light and understand that what they are doing is wrong. it takes courage. i've been asked this by a number of muslims who are frustrated and statistics have said that hate crimes against muslim americans have increased over 80% since the trump campaign started vilifying them to the agree that they have. there's a problem there. we have to deal with it because muslims have have the courage to stand up for their own civil and political rights and make sure that people who are unjustly trying to vilify them are dealt with. that's the only way of dealing with it.

>> back to mr. trump, he told urban voters, what do you have to lose in supporting him because the governing democrats are blamed for poverty and education. you believe he is right in any form? have they failed in any form? >> the statistics that are available say that violent crime is at its lowest level in america in the past 60 years and continuing to decrease so what mr. trump is trying to say is a depiction. when you realize that, you get an idea of what motivates him. you have to go on and react to the fact and not what somebody wants people to believe because he is running for office. i don't think that will do our nation any good.

what is your reaction on the issue with women saying they were assaulted by mr. trump? >> i just find it odd that mr. trump bragged about assaulting women and now when these women materialize and say yes you did assault us, he is calling them liars. i am wondering who is telling the lie here. i don't gets the women. >> democrats in modern times have reached out to african-americans to include them in the party. what can democrats now do to reach out to a group that hillary clinton has labeled the deplorable. >> you have to understand that even though they might be doing

the same things that are deplorable, they are your fellow citizens and they have to be made aware of the pain they are causing for no good reason. if have issues that need to be dealt with, they they need to discuss them in a way that enables all of the solution to be applied to it and not engage in distortions and lies about the who and the what. >> most of the country is more racially polarized in a has been in a long time. have a black man in the white house and a black woman woman serving as the top law-enforcement officer. black actors and music stars are some of the highest paid on the planet. how do you reconcile the differences. >> the difference between what? >> the fact that we consider our country racially polarized but yet some of the top elected leaders in the country are black

and. >> i think the fact that so many people of color have started to move up the ladder into the middle class, some of them have become wealthy and i think that has alarmed certain people. it has made them feel that something is wrong with that picture. there's nothing wrong with that picture, that's just the natural progression that people before did not have the opportunity to become educated. a lot of people are finding it hard to accept but it seems that our country is doing all right. i don't think there has been any problem. i mention michael jordan earlier. there was a tv commercial.

he refused to become involved in it and it showed a person's hand handling money and the person's hand were hand were black hands and the whole idea was there was something wrong with the picture, that black ants were handling the money. nothing was said, no words were mentioned about race, but it was very obvious that the fact that black hands were at the control of money and that seem to alarmed people in north carolina and they voted according to their peers. i think the access that more people of color have two better jobs and positions of power have created a problem for some people who want to react in a racist way. >> i remember a time when there are high number of murders and urban area and they were taken for granted and didn't get as much attention.

these lower levels of crime now get today. do think that is a sign of progress. >> i don't know about that. i am pretty ignorant on that. i don't study police statistics that closely unless i'm researching an article or something. >> let's talk about guns for a second. there are people talking about buying more guns and more powerful weapons and there's the other side of that that you talked about a little bit in trigger happiness from some police officers. what can we do in this country about the gun problem? >> i think keeping guns out of the hands of people who shouldn't have them, crazy people or people who are on terrorist watch lists, i think it has been pretty adequate, the loopholes that have allowed too many guns to end up in the hands of the wrong people.

i'm not against the second amendment. [inaudible] >> the question is that many minorities are voting for trump and you're talking about bringing people together and having a conversation. is it divisive for you to talk about donald trump when there are minorities who are supporting him. >> i have to. >> guest: the truth that i see. they have the truth that they see that supersedes this, i would like to hear about it. some people have a different reality and there's not much you can do about that except explain your take on reality and see what makes sense.

on that note, there are concerns about reverse racism. there are plenty of minorities who vilified white people. can you talk about the validity of the concern of reverse racism in this country. >> i don't know what they're talking about. reverse racism, there are very few people of color that have any kind of power that would enable them to have reverse racism. >> let's talk about you for a second. you made a very successful transition from a sports rear to a post sports life. not all athletes have been so successful at that.

was there something in your personality that allows you to reinvent your public self? >> actually it happened before i became a basketball player. when i was in grade school, i enjoyed writing and it is something i pursued since that time. this was the year between my junior and senior year in high school and i was involved in a mentoring program that had a journalism component to it and i got into journalism at that point and i've enjoyed it ever since then. it was something that i always wanted to do. ucla did not have a journalism department but the english department served my purpose is pretty well. >> here at the national press club, i can appreciate that sentiment. can you talk to us a little bit about a difficult time in your life and what you did to persevere, to overcome a challenge he may have had? >> i think just trying to figure

out what to do with my life when i was at a point where i was playing for the milwaukee bucks and i had to make a professional decision as to where i would continue my career. i had to choose between staying in milwaukee and moving on. you have to give it some thought and understand what's in your best interest in my best interest lied within moving to los angeles so i did that and i haven't had any regrets about it. >> next question, in all of your life, do you have something that you regret and would like to do over. >> i should've stayed with piano lessons. there are a lot of people who didn't take piano lessons but i wanted to play baseball but that didn't work out and basketball

boomed up. i ended up playing basketball and had to give up the bronze and beethoven but it's okay. >> there's still time, right question? >> no, there's no time left. >> tell us what inspired you to become a writer and how old were you when you got interested in after your sports career why you picked up the topics you picked up in writing. >> i became interested in writing because, in my household, my dad was an avid reader and i more or less had to get with the program because he wasn't going to talk to me. i'd asked him a question and he would hand me a book. finally i got to the point where i could do the research and i started going on my own to reading all the things that interested me.

it's amazing the things they can come up with if they want to know about it. i must've presented quite a problem to my dad. that's how it started. >> can you talk about the challenges you faced in writing the latest book and what surprised you. getting to the depth and detail that you need in order to explain something really requires a lot of research. i'm fortunate to work with my co-author. he is incredible and makes my time so much easier. that's what it takes.

you have to be able to understand what you can about any subject and deal with it. if you can't do that, what you write and up being shallow. i try to avoid that and try to get to as much depth as i can and explain the issues in a way that people can see both sides of the subject. at that point we can have a discourse or a discussion. that's crucial. >> this is actually a personal question. how do you get past writer's block? >> sometimes it takes, sometimes you have to take a day off. a lot of times it's just giving yourself arrest and leaving your subject alone c can come back to it with a fresh vantage point. sometimes that can do it. sometimes it doesn't.

i think most riders, if they do their research the way they should, whatever issue is causing the stumbling block, they can get past that. >> i would like my editors to take note so i can take tomorrow off. [laughter] >> what are some of the books that you have read in your life that has had the greatest impact on you. >> okay, james baldwin essay, the autobiography of malcolm x, a tale of two cities, to kill a mockingbird, those would be

good. >> that's a good list. you are also a fan of sherlock holmes. >> yes. >> can you talk a little bit about why you got involved in that? >> i used to watch sherlock's homes theater on television. up until i had to read the redheaded league, i thought sherlock holmes was a real person. i didn't find out he was a fictional character until i was a sophomore in high school which is pretty embarrassing, but that's how went down. when i started my professional career, someone gave me a complete compilation and that's the first time i had written while in the nba. since i traveled so much i started reading time fiction,

robert b parker, elmore leonard, walter mosley and other people like that. it just kept on going and i just enjoyed it. it was great reading on the road and some of the writings are really profound. i would recommend everybody read some of walter mosley's novels and his main character and private eye is fascinating and really speaks to a lot of the things that happen in our country. from a fictional standpoint, he makes his points very clearly and i think he's an incredible author. he has really inspired me. >> let me ask another inspiration question. who are the people who you believe inspired you? >> in my years, i would have to

say jackie robinson and doctor king, malcolm x. this morning, i believe you are at an event of the u.s. chamber of commerce. can you talk to us about why you are there today? >> wire was that u.s. chamber of commerce, basically to explain to some people about business opportunities and opportunities overseas. >> i didn't know my question to that before i ask so were good to go. do you believe nba players play defense as aggressively today as they did when you played or is scoring high for some other reason. >> they can't play as

aggressively as they played in the era that i played because they have changed the rules. they've dumbed them down a little bit. you can't be physical at play defense. that makes it easier to score and i think the fans have enjoyed that. >> this is a tough question. someone in the audience wants to know, are we americans yet? what is the definition of what americans are. instead of being black, white, muslims, whatever, are we americans. >> we are americans when we pledge allegiance to the united states of america. that makes us an american. i had the pleasure of introducing mr. conn at the democratic national convention and i was totally shocked that

his knowledge and embrace of thomas jefferson. it blew me away. i think this is something that our constitution is still the most dynamic document that has ever been created and it is something that we should be proud of and use a lot more often in solving our problems. he understood that and had no problem defending it for our nation. it really made me feel good to have almost a love of his character and knowledge to represent american muslims in the way that he did. he set a lot of people up including someone who has a lot of blonde hair. >> i don't know who you are referring to. [laughter] where do you get your news from? is it online, newspapers, newspapers, how do you ingest your news as a consumer.

>> i get my information from all these sources that you just mentioned. i read, i watch tv and i just take it where i find it. >> maybe you could talk a little bit about foreign affairs. what is your take on how america is doing in the world and how america is perceived in the world and how we are doing with other country. >> that's hard for me to understand because i don't spend enough time overseas to get a real finger on the pulse of what you just asked me. that's very difficult. i wouldn't attempt to do that. i have no idea. >> another question, he passed up going to israel several years ago. do you think the u.s. needs to stop arming israel and do support the boycott of the sanctions. >> i would just say the

occupation stinks. that's the only thing that stinks over there. the israeli state is a model of democracy and transparency but i think the occupation stinks and a has to and. >> another question, do you condemn the bombing of saudi arabia. >> i don't know enough about that to have an accurate opinion. i'm not going to answer that question. >> the audience contains a few fans of the movie airplane. they said it was the funniest sports cameo ever. you play any role in humor that can add to the discussion for race in america?

>> i think they can overcome certain obstacles because when you are laughing your guard is down and maybe that's a time when you can accept some time or thoughts or different point of view that you were not going to accept. i think humor is something that serves us wellin that sense because when we lose our sense of humor we lose a very important part of our humanity and a makes it impossible for us to enjoy anything. >> what you think is more fun, acting in in airplane or playing in the nba finals. >> i'd rather be doing some acting. something you can do sitting down is always better. >> is there anything forthcoming in the acting world for you? >> no. >> if you can inspire players from the past who would it be. >> i wouldn't attempt to do that

>> it might offend many people. >> it's just impossible. i can't compare people from different eras. how would shakeel have done against. [inaudible] in less they go out and play the game, we won't know. >> we have a chair for you if you would like to sit down. >> there is a lot of standing. we only have about 15 minutes left but let's get through a few more. is there a single basketball game that stands out to you, your favorite? >> the best college game i saw was princeton versus the university of michigan in 1964. bill bradley scored 46 points and russell's team was able to dominate at the end of the game and win that game but that was

probably the best game that i have seen, the best college game that i've ever seen. as a spectator, i would would put that one up there. >> there you go. what do you see is the biggest barriers to higher education for students from low income families and what obligation, if any, do athletes or celebrities have to help in this regard. >> i think poverty is the biggest barrier because poverty makes it impossible for kids to have the time and resources to become first rate students. they are usually involved in the struggle just to survive and keep a roof over their head and food in the pantry. they miss out on getting the type of education that opens up doors for them to ascend into the middle class.

i think really, poverty has a very profound effect on how effective our educational system can be. >> talk to me for minute about why superstar athletes and celebrities should be involved. what kind of responsibility do you they having getting involved >> i can only speak for myself on that subject. i can't say what other people should be doing. i can only relate to what i feel is the correct thing. that's why i pursue the things i pursue. there is no template that fits everybody. >> another question to the audience, do you believe our country will every live up to its motto. >> i think it is a worthy goal for us to try to have citizenship for everyone be the same.

it's a worthy goal. we haven't gotten there, it's it's very difficult given the disparity in the accumulation of wealth in various communities. it is worth trying for the fact that americans of various stripes to have the opportunity to make it all the way into the top edge salons of social economic success, i think that really validates what america is all about. >> i'm not sure the answer to this one yet either but have you seen the new african-american museum of culture and history. >> no i haven't had a chance to get there yet. i would like to. i've read a number of the reviews on it and it is supposed to be a very spectacular place. >> what are you looking forward to most in going over there to see?

what do you think would help the most for racial discussions in america. >> i couldn't tell you that until i go over there, but hopefully it would show the reality of the black experience in america, black americans have contributed so much to what america makes great and they're not always recognize for it. i hope that is what's happening over there at the museum and black americans are giving credit for some of the incredible things that they have done to contribute to american life. >> now we are back to basketball questions because they keep coming in. who was the most difficult center you had to play against in your career? >> not very many people gave me a hard time. [laughter] i think the guys that was most difficult for me to guard were

people who could shoot the ball well from 18 or 20 feet because that brought me out from where i played my best defense. i would say someone that could hit jumpers from 23, that, that made my job a little harder. >> it's been a while since you are professional playing, but how has media and tb treatment of mba changed since you played? i that question to the players as well. how does the media cover players these days. >> i think the popularity of basketball has made it impossible for the media that covers the game to be vicious or small minded about what they're covering.

those who covered the leak, i think they're doing a great job. >> the question is how strong is [inaudible] how strong of a competitor was he and what kind of relationship did you have with him. >> i got to meet will when i was in grade school and he was a hero to me and i ended up having to play against him. he was a very imposing man over 300 pounds and was very powerful and gifted athlete. to give you some example, when will was in college, he played in c to a basketball but also on the track team where he participated in shotput and the quarter-mile.

he was competitive in all of those disciplines. the accolades that you see about him probably don't give him as much credit as he is due. >> masks question, how can players make the question you did two different types of career. what is the key to your success and what advice to give someone who's leading a sports team to do something different. >> the key to my success was the fact that i wanted to go to college and when i got college i made sure i got my degree. i prepared for life after basketball before i got into the mba. nba players who haven't done that preparation could have a problem but some of them have and those of the ones that are usually successful. >> the question from the audience, how do you keep in shape. is it walking, daily exercise,

what is your regime? to talk about some kind of food you avoid. >> i just try to get enough sleep, a reasonable amount of exercise and not to eat the wrong things and not become a fat person. if you can do that, you might live a little longer. >> we are nearing the end, let me ask you since we're talking about the issue about your book, what is the kind of model you see for the discussion of racial issues in this country? what's a good example that we have seen or you would like to see in the country? >> what i would like to see would be, i would like to see police agencies reach out to agencies and vice versa and

people living in a certain community reaching out to the police in that community and telling them we need to talk, we need to get to know you and police going along with that program because that makes most sense. i think when those things start happening all of this will change. >> i will ask the final question, before i do, a couple quick liners, the national press club is the national organization for leading journalist for more information about the club visit our website@press.org. i also want to remind you about some upcoming programs on wednesday, secretary of education will join us. on november 21 the administrator of the epa will speak in this podium and on november 30 we host host the general manager of the washington metropolitan authority transit. then we have the ceo and chairman of mgm. for anyone would like to get

their books signed, please exit to my left, you're right and he will be signing books out that way. lastly i would like to present our national press club book. [applause] >> my last question to you, do you still play basketball these days, and have you ever been offered to play a game against president barack obama or would you accept if he did. >> have never been offered to play against president obama, but i would have happy to give him some pointers. >> that's great. is there anything else you would like to add. >> what was the first part of your question. >> you still play basketball. >> i don't play. i tried to stay in shape and jump rope and live weights and

do various workouts and some yoga just to keep it simple. i try to stay one step ahead of the grim reaper. >> to clarify, you would coach president obama if he asked. >> of course. >> that's great. thank you for being here. [applause] [applause] >> thank you, if you would like to have a book signed, please exit to my left, your right. [inaudible conversation] >> wrapping up at the national press club, by the way, all of

the national press club luncheon speakers are available on the c-span video library. go to cspan.org. we have this from the hill today, the head of the fbi is pushing back against allegations that police have been gunning down black men in past historic rates. fbi director james comey called for better statistics about police encounters that leave people dead and reiterate its concern about the ferguson effect making officers jobs more difficult. we must have a database about our use of deadly force. the fbi has launched a pilot program to begin collecting the data from police departments starting in 2017. there's more on that article on the hill.com. >> donald trump will be gathering in green bay wisconsin polls there are showing that he is trailing hillary clinton by

about five points. that's according to real clear politics. c-span2 will follow that live starting at 7:00 p.m. eastern. coming up tuesday, president obama will host a state dinner likely to be his last one for the italian prime minister. c-span coverage includes official photos and dinner toast and it starts live at 630 eastern. here's more. >> describe michelle obama's style. >> her state dinner style? >> yes her state dinner style and apply that to dinners in general. >> i think she dresses for these grand state occasions. the thing that really distinguishes her sensibility from that of first ladies that come for her is that i feel like it's much more rooted in contemporary idea of what is amorous. for that i mean, she's not wearing anything that's particularly revealing were high

slits or anything like that but there's a certain kind of modern edge to it that taps into what we used to see coming down the red carpet. >> has it changed? i think her look has gotten to be a little more relaxed, if that makes sense. within that framework of glamour. when i think back, the dress is gorgeous, her hair was up and then i think to some of the later dinners when she wore a dress by catalina herrera and even though it was a grand

dress, there wasn't informatics to it. it felt more like glamorous sportswear opposed to us for head to toe look. >> what do you think the impact has been on the role of the first lady and some have called them diplomatic art on diplomacy >> i think this is that we all want to be proud of their hospitality and we want them to put their best foot forward. she's presented herself in a way that i think makes most people proud that we can stand up on the world stage alongside folks from france and italy and the notion of. [inaudible]

is something embedded in their culture. these are really momentous moments. : as the food, the auto industry, other things that go into creating that state dinner. >> how does she go about choosing her dress and choosing the designer? >> well, when we paint each other's fingernails and brush each other's hair she tells me.

she wears what she feels comfortable in. that said, i do think that there's some attention paid to the country that's being honored, a desire to acknowledge either that -- either directly by working with the designer who perhaps has, you know, that sort of ethnicity and their background and sometimes it's just a matter of paying tribute to a particular color or flower or something that's important to that country. >> last fall you wrote when you were covering the state dinner for the chinese premier that she chose a vera wang dress. it wasn't an apology, but a diplomatic clarification. can you explain? the black mermaid style dress as opposed that she chose for the

first chinese state dinner. >> right. it was a beautiful dress, it was red and it had been designed by sarah burton from alexander mcqueen which is a british designer and vera wang is a well-known chinese american designer and the first go-around, mrs. obama had gotten criticism particularly from the american fashion industry, particularly óscar de la renta who thought that this was one of those occasions when she had the opportunity to elevate american design and to wear a dress by an american designer and he felt, many in the fashion industry, many felt that she had missed an opportunity and i think in many ways people got hurt that she looked outside of seventh avenue

for a dress for the occasion. this was acknowledgment that perhaps the first time was a misstep. >> do you have a favorite dress from the past eight years, state dinners? >> you know, i thought the carolina herrera dress was elegant and in many ways it was rather traditional but i'm also fond of the last one that she wore by brandon maxwell and it was such a surprise and, you know, i think one of the things that she does quite well and one of the reasons why people sort of eager to see what she's going to wear is because she doesn't just go with design houses that have been around for decades. she doesn't go vetted designers. brandon maxwell had -- hasn't even been in business really for more than a year. jason who she wore twice for inaugural gowns had not been in

business very long when she first reached out to him. so i think that's really nice to see because she really is supporting small businesses and -- in the true sense of the word. >> robin, thank you.er >> my pleasure. >> how did the state visit come about with the italian prime minister? >> an important relationship between italy and the united states and a special relationship between president barack obama and prime minister. >> how did he get elected for the president's last dinner? >> long standing relations between the united states, we are partners and allies and we have important communities here in the state and our two leaders share the same view of many

international topics, they dodeh consider that democracies have to stand together and both the united states and italy have a special relations and special responsibility. >> why do you think now, why now? it's been eight years, why now italy? >> italy -- italy next year will be member of the united nations security council. next year in march, we will be celebrating 60 years of the eu. it is important that italy is a prominent member of the eu confirms the importance of european integration. so i think that also this european broader framework would rank between president obama and prime minister. >> describe our relationship, u.s.- italian relationship. where are we working together? >> in many fields, we have

military and working side by side in many theaters, we share responsibility in our common endeavor to fight terrorism. we want to tackle the global issues ranking from climate change to -- to migration. these are issues where countries of great tradition like italy and you have share the same interest and the same approach. >> what's going on this week at the embassy as you prepare for the state dinner? >> well, as you can see here it's lively. there's a great sense of excitement. we are really excited by this event. we have many, many things to care about but i think that myself and my staff, we are particularly excited and happy. >> and the prime minister, what kind of leader is he? what should the american peoplet know about him? >> young talented leader, very

dynamic, the youngest prime minister ever in italy and he brings the sense of enthusiasm, the sense of italian personality and i'm sure that the american audience will come to know and love a young guy and will be here with his spouse. >> americans will see him with his wife, they will have a lawn arrival. americans will see the pageantry that goes into a visit like this. what's the coordination between the prime minister's office and the embassy here and our government? >> it runs smoothly. the white house, the secretanie service. there are so many details to take care of, but as i said, it is a happy event. it's a celebration. so we are happy that we can share with our friends and colleagues at this moment.

>> any special protocol for the italian prime minister? >> the protocol is complex when it comes to state visit but we will try to follow the different procedures with the spirit and that's what matters is that weri consider this as a celebration of a friendship, of a long-standing friendship but also it is important for us to draw a common agenda for the future. >> and what is that future agenda looking like? what's the common ground? you talk about the military, but where else? what will the two leaders talk about when they hold their joint news conference? t t >> if i may draw between the different topics, manyic challenges, both president obama and prime minister share the same approach.h. means that we do consider that globalization requires on the part of leaders great care.rs we have to honor this process

but we rest convinced that thery are many opportunities ahead of us. >> does the prime minister have any concerns when he has meetings with him behind closed doors? >> yeah, the two leaders know each other very well. they have many meetings in different international forums, g7, g20 and they know each other very well. the prime minister will bring here is -- i don't think concern but deep understanding that in order to tackle these challenges, our countries are democracies have to build bridges, have to stay connected because integration is the only way to harness this process. >> what do you think of the italian people are hope to go get out of this visit for their country, for their leader to come here, will they be

watching? >> for sure. italians are excited. i'm sure that when president obama and first lady together with the prime minister will be seen together at the white house. i think this will be a great image. the four of them will give thewi sign of strong bond and our fellow italians will love it. >> mr. embassador, thank you for your time, i appreciate it. >> thank you. >> live coverage tomorrow includes guest arrival, official photo in the white house grand foyer. coverage starts at 6:30 eastern on c-span and a number of outlets reporting that a top state department official allegedly pressured the fbi to downgrade the classification of one of hillary clinton's emails as part of a quick pro quo.

this came from an interview with the management division. in the interview patrick kennedy under secretary of state for management tried in late june or early july of last year to get the fbi to change classified e-mail to unclassified and allowing the fbi to place agents . state department officials official attempt bares all the signs of a cover-up. >> this week the communicators go to m city to try out new technology. car makers are excerpting with technology that allows cars to

talk to each other and talk to roads and traffic lights so there will be few we're traffic accidents. we spoke with a transportation analyst who study this is technology and with the director of the university of michigan's mobility transformation center. >> so where are we right now? >> we are at the university of michigan in what we call m city. m city was built specifically to test, develop, connected and automated vehicles. >> this is a fake store front in your background here? >> this is a fake store front. basically it can create different scenarios for both connected and automated vehicles and you're trying to target the ones that are difficult and you want to test and be able to repeat. so when you're out in the street it's hard to be able to repeat consistently, here behind us is a facade.

we have many different road types, many different intersections, many different ways to park. we have a pedestrian that you can use but the basic principle that you are able to repeat testing in a manner. >> what's your goal with this testing and essentially a fake city and fake roads? >> our goal is really to help all the stakeholders in the industry have a facility that they can come and do this testing. so the goal is to commercialize both connected and matt -- automated vehicles. >> who are the stakeholders? >> there's a lot of stakeholders. chrysler, gm, volvo, et cetera, et cetera. you also have their tier one. you have a lot of start-ups in the area, so it is huge. >> the communicators talked with we peng, the director of

university of michigan mobility information center which runs the city. he has researched car safety for 20 years. >> these cars don't really coordinate too much with each other except that you look at the size of the car in front of you, the brake light, the turn signal. that's the only communication. communication can be so much richer and efficient if we start to have a communication between vehicles and between vehicles and traffic signals. traffic can become much safer and much more efficient. congestion can be reduced. there are a lot of potentials. >> so essentially cars are talking to other cars? what kind of equipment? >> the simplest way to understand it it's just like wi-fi. as a matter of fact much of the fundamentals are the same. >> you have this equipment in your car, what if nobody else does?

>> sometimes people look at the situation just like in early days nobody want to buy the first fax machine, nobody else to talk to. we are having that dilemma. nobody wants to be the first ones investing on this equipment and nobody else to talk to. everybody want to be a follower but that's a problem. we need leaders and we need someone who is looking at the long-term rather than the short-term to lead the effort. >> and we took a test drive on m city to see how connected technology works. >> i'm going to demonstrate for you today for vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure, we will start with vehicle to vehicle and it has emergency electronic brake lights and forward collision warning. emergency electronic brake light gives warning that a vehicle ahead of it slammed on brake,

panic braking, not just braking. it doesn't have to be the vehicle directly in front of you. most see vehicles in front of you but that's the only information that they know. this because it's transmitting over the air and transmits minimum of 30 meters that, you know, i can hear a car four, five vehicles ahead. i will get a nice warning that i need to look out and potentially brake. ready for eebl. okay, brake. all this if someone ahead of you is panic braking. >> and what shows up in your rear-view mirror? >> it is a red icon. this is direct car to car. >> a center -- sensor on this

vehicle? >> it's not really a sensor. if you think of a radio it's tune today a specific channel. our vehicles communicate with each other and it's called dedicated short-range communication. that's really the protocol. it's very much like wi-fi except it has lower and more secure. >> can a third vehicle can get? >> absolutely. you want everyone equipped so everyone around you is transmitting and you're doing a thread assessment on the vehicles and it's really the vehicle's interest. >> you're calling this a threat assessment, but -- >> to provide a driver a warning for connected vehicles. you could get into where the vehicle took control. if -- this is way out there. for instance, if you're doing like green intersectioning.

we have a controller that's broadcasting the signal phase and timing, so what color the light is for each of the lanes, how long it'll remain in that state. if you wanted to do a safety application, you would do red light violation, so you tell the driver, you're not going to make the light, you need to stop. if you're doing sustainability application, you would do pay. you don't have to touch the brake or you don't have to touch the gas. you're increasing fuel economy, decreasing carbon footprint. if you we wanted to get into the automated world, who is the best person to determine who goes into the intersection. that's the signal controller but all vehicles need to be connected. it would be taking control or telling your vehicle to take control and guiding you through the intersection. so if you ever see the futuristic renderings of how an intersection work and the vehicles are zooming through, that's really all that you need. >> how far away are we from that?

>> that's a good question. [laughter] >> if i had a crystal ball, you would be able to tell you. it's still a few years away. connected and automated are a few years away. >> we are on this test track, are these legitimate road signs we are seeing? >> yes, it's a really good cross section of road signs so they're not all brand new. you will see some of them that are faded or have graffiti. those are along the automated side. so if you have system that's doing detection, that they need to be able to figure out what sign that is, they can't all be pristine. that's not how it is in the real world. we will go by one that's absolutely horrible that's right up here and you will see on the way out. >> are the signs connected? do they have any sensors at all? >> the signs do not.

it's putting up the infrastructure of the connected vehicle so they do have the signals up there but not units. that's the next step to put in the vehicle infrastructure site. >> what's our next experiment? >> we are going to take you out on the road and show you rsu roadside unit. that's the infrastructure portion of it. we will show you an ice warning, ice warning we have sensors embedded on the road and when it is snowy and icy that when you drive by you will get a warning to say that there's ice on the road. now, what we have done is we have in rsu, roadside unit installed and it is broadcasting that there's ice on the road and then we sense that location. every time we go by location we get ice warning. not quite a true demonstration

but really showing that i am communicating with the infrastructure. if you notice there's two white boxes with little antennas up in the roof of the tree no. >> they are the roadside unit that is are broadcasting connected vehicle technology. university of michigan transportation research institute. two rsu's. >> right there. >> we use those for a lot to do for testing for when we do installations and making sure the units are looking properly before we send them out into the field and we also use them for demonstrations purposes, so rsu on top is broadcasting traveler information message and it's telling us that there's a patch of ice on the road up ahead and also telling us information about a curve along baxter road.

there are different ways to do that as well. you can use information that you gather from a lot of vehicles in the area or you can use a sensor-base system. here is our ice warning. that's our ice warning. >> but we are on a public road right now or active street not a test track anymore? >> correct. correct. so this curve right here on baxter road we have a broadcasting, speed limit is 19 miles an hour and that's just to do a demonstration in a safe environment. it's actually 30 but we will get the warning on the left. >> the curve warning? >> yeah. >> where is the sen sored installed. >> there's no senor the information is being broadcast to the car.

it says i'm going too fast for the curve. >> just coming directly to this car and any other car that's connected? >> correct. >> i think what i will do -- >> you have been working in the auto industry for a long time. how advance would you say this technology that we are seeing is ? >> i think it is getting ready to go. they want to put this technology on their 2017 cadillac cts so it's ready to be deployed. i think the application that you can use, the basic applications have been developed so speed warning, collision warning, there's some -- the red-light violations, things like that. other applications need more work. pedestrian detection, the

bicycle, things like that, so more work on road users plus more work on the sustainability and mobility-type applications. >> a lot of cars today have sensors already and collision warnings and thing like that, don't they? >> they do. this can be well -- you can replace the sensors with this technology to do this type of thing and augment the road to automated vehicles. we think it's important. >> is this in any way connected to the driverless cars and full you autonomous cars? >> we believe that it is in that it is a technology so it can be used as a sensor, another sensor for an automated vehicle.

we don't think that we are going to have autonomous vehicles in the sense that autonomous works on their own where we think they'll be connected and automated so necessarily they're not autonomous because they talk to each other. i truly think that being connected to the infrastructure is really important in automated vehicles as well. so my view is that really safe way to deploy automated vehicle is using the equivalent of the hov lane and so that they can get into the lane, if the infrastructure is connected and they are talking to each other and talking to the infrastructure and gives you a nice caravaning. >> what do you do here at the university of michigan? >> i'm a professor in the mechanical engineering department. i'm also the director of the new mobility transformation center. >> and what is the mobility

transformation center? >> it is a public-private partnership focusing on the research development and deployment of connected automated vehicle technologies. >> when you say connected, what do you mean by that? >> yes, great question. several ways to connect to a car. there are -- you can use your cell phone, wi-fi, bluetooth, that's what many companies are pushing for. there's a new technology that we focus on which is dsrc, dedicated short reach communication. the main reason we push for communication is mainly for safety purposes. so if we have a different communication technology that is solely and not interfering by many other applications, safety of cars can be more guarantied. >> in a world where we are very

reliant on our cell phones, why not connect through the cell phone? >> excellent question again. cell phone associated with cell phone, they were designed not to have guarantied communication. for example, when you pick up your cell phone and you try to dial a number, sometimes you wonder why it's not responding immediately and the reason is that all the communications are going through a tower and the tower was covering a cell and the tower then tried to connect with the correct tower covering the cell of your target call -- caller. and for drc it's a communication, we are not communicating with a tower, we directly talk with everybody. we use short range. everybody within range will hear us immediately.

there's no delay. and delay is very fatal. so imagine yourself driving on the highway, 60, 65 miles per hour roughly speaking you're driving 100 feet per second, so if you delay by one second, that's 100 feet and we don't want that. >> so essentially cars are talking to other cars. what kind of equipment, what is dsrc look like? >> the simplest way to understand it is it's just like a wi-fi. as a matter of fact much of the fundamentals are the same. they follow very similar standard. it's called al211. all the variations we have refined over the years following this 11.2 concept.

l 2. b is similar but operating in a different channel but think of it -- >> so if you're a driver in a connected car, other connected cars around you, what kind of signals are you getting? >> yeah, there are actually different message sets defined. people dream up possible applications but the simplest one that we always use and we test it on every car is the so-called basic safety message, literally the safety message only tells everybody else here is my position, heading angle, my vehicle weight. that's basically it. if there's very important event such as heavy braking, you add that to the safety message set. you're telling everybody else, i'm here, don't hit me.

>> if there's a heavy braking incident, what registers in the car? what happens? >> right, so you can imagine if the car in front of you or actually the car in front of you but there's a heavy truck in between, you don't want to wait until you see the brake light, you don't want to see that the car seems looming bigger, you want to start reacting sooner because it's a heavy braking, so what the message received from the following car will be position and acceleration and control on board can start to say, hey, whether that's going to be a threat, how heavy should i brake or do i need to start thinking about other actions such as maybe making lane change. >> how advance is this technology? >> we are -- yeah, in terms of defining the standards making sure that all the companies

agree on the same message that the standards, it has happened for about 16, 17 years, however, in terms of commercialization we are just at the cusp of that. so general motors announced that they will have the src equipment on 2017 cadillac cts. that will be the first vehicle in the u.s. in japan toyota offer the equipment on two models. >> when you look two or three years down the road, are we going to see a fundamental change in cars in their communications' devices? >> absolutely. we have evolution of very useful, very powerful personal computers being connected by internet. they are now so much more useful. i can't imagine many of our youngsters who can live a day without a connected computer or

a connected smartphone. imagine now we are at the same stage but now we are trying to connect cars together. today's cars they don't really coordinate too much with each other except that you look at the size of the car in front of you, the brake light, the turn signal, that's the only communication, but communication can be so much reacher and so much more efficient if we start to have a communication between vehicles and between vehicles and traffic signals. >> so technology in the future will be inserted into traffic signals, lanes, et cetera? >> in fact, i don't know if you're aware of the fact ann arbor has 19 intersections with the devices. at one point as many as 2800 vehicles. today is more like 1600.

they talk to each other and talk to 19 intersections. >> what have you learned from demonstration project here in ann arbor? >> we have learned quite a bit. first of all, a lot of people worry when you start to instruct hundreds of thousands of units on cars. in fact, a lot of volunteer vehicles and university of michigan volunteered their buses to be instrumented and people wonder whether you can actually putting this in gps systems and start to broadcast the vehicle position with enough academy ras -- accuracy, what we found roughly speaking 80% of the time the gps accuracy is below 1.5-meter. how do we choose the accuracy requirement, 1.5-meter makes sure that you can differentiate

the vehicle position which lane, whether you're in right lane or left lane and if you're trying to make a lane change. that's very important thing. that's one thing we learned. technology is almost ready. they are not cheap yet. we are trying to make sure that they are cheap enough so there will be a quick deployment in large number, but the learning we have help us also learn other things. first we understand the traffic condition of the city very, very well because we know 3% of the cars where they are, how fast they are driving and basically 24/7. so we learn a lot about the city.

we also learn that this signals can be used to trend smart algorithms. not too many people are able to estimate traffic flow accurately but we have developed technologies to understand the traffic flow accurately with only 3% of the vehicles being instrumented. knowing the traffic flow help us to direct or control the the city traffic well even though we haven't programmed the traffic signals, the potential is there. we are able to control the traffic signal to respond to the traffic flow in real-time to reduce congestion. >> you've mentioned a couple of times that this is pretty expensive technology. who is funding the mobility transformation center? >> the mobility transformation center again is a public-private partnership. what we try to do is leverage

the resources. ufm started investment, university internal investment about $10 million get us going and now we are having -- we have 60 industrial members and we have two tier structure, but together we collect about $6 million of membership fee every year and we also try to work with our faculty members to write proposals to get support from department department of transportation, department of energy and other sources. so it's really a effort trying to get resources from any place we can get. >> so all the major car companies are partners in this? >> yes. yes, we are very fortunate that our view of building a laboratory instrumenting a large number of connected vehicles and the infrastructure is getting

very support and right now gm, ford, toyota, nissan, honda, bmw, these are the oem's that are members. these are only cigs of 16 members. we have technology company, insurance company and so forth. >> you mention that had you're studying autonomous vehicles. how is the connectivity related to autonomous vehicles? >> another excellent question. we think that today's autonomous vehicles primarily rely on sensors, camera, radar, light. they also rely on gps and map. these are the primary sensors, none of the sensors are perfect. they all have weakness. some of them are very expensive. if you use communication to

augment sensor system you can do a better job in terms of localizing where you are and then better control to enhance safety. so i will give you three examples of how connectivity helps autonomous vehicles. first we think that communication is a better sen sor. the range of communication is, again, about a thousand feet, but many of the camera radar cannot see very clearly beyond, say, you know, 100 meters or 300 feet. communication is longer range. second, if there's a little kid who is standing behind a bus but he's going to walk from behind the bus or there's a car around the corner by the view but blocked by the building, in both

cases communication help you to proceed the driving condition better. so communication is a better sensor than most of then board sensors you have autonomous vehicles. second communication provides you with power so, for example, the fire truck, the balance -- ambulance can tell the signal in front to turn all red, everybody direction, nobody move so you can cross the intersection more quickly and probably that will save a life or two. the third is in the past cars drive just like personal computers, they may be very smart, tesla vehicles are getting smarter every day but still basically work -- basically we say little stuff, you only worry about your own

safety, what's in the small region. when you coordinate with other vehicles, you can really build a traffic system, again, which is more safer, more efficient and less congestion. so communication is like the internet. we can connect very smart cars together and build a smart transportation system. >> you mentioned lidar. what is lidar? >> works almost like radar but it's like laser. narrow spectrum of light and precise and you can detect the reflection. you won't confuse that can sunlight or other resources. >> we are taping this interview in september of 2016, if somebody went out to ford, gm, fiat, chrysler, et cetera, and bought a pretty top of the line

car, what kind of sensors, communication equipment will they be getting on their car today? >> so today actually you can buy vehicles with lower-level automation already. we have a society of automotive engineering defining level. adaptive cruise control. you can buy that for more than a decade now. you can buy vehicles with lane-keeping assist. >> that's lower level. >> but if you combine both is level two. tesla autopilot is automated vehicles, not driverless or not autonomous vehicle. level two automated vehicle. today most of the cars that you can buy already. they only use camera, radar with

a ultrasonic, work similar to radar but cheaper. known of them use lidar because they are too expensive. i will give you one example, the vendor for google car. google used a 64-beam, $17,000. that's why they are not your production vehicles yet. >> how many sensors would a car today have? is there a number, does it matter? >> it sort of us. when you say sensors to the outside? >> lane changers, knowing the car in front of you. >> hundreds, hundreds. so, for example, in engine you

have to measure a lot of things, fire angle, engine speed, transmission speed, a lot pressure, air flow, voltage. for batteries you need to measure voltage current, temperatures. if you add all the sensors together. i would say hundreds of sensors and typically a hundred micro processors so they are already getting smarter even. now we are talking with applying communication, control technologies to interact with other vehicles which we are at the beginning of making cars intelligent enough to cooperate with other vehicles. >> professor what's been your biggest frustration in this project? >> my biggest frustration. that's a tough one. >> or a frustration.

>> you know, this is -- this is a very complicated problem not just limited to technology because after all technology must be doing something good for the society otherwise we may -- we probably shouldn't be doing it. so as such we need to interact with so many different people, companies, government, students so and so forth. trying to bring the awareness to the society is very tough. i wouldn't say i'm frustrated, it's a tough job. it's certainly takes more than i used to do which is a professor, just do my own research teaching, now i actually have to branch out to many other aspects but i'm enjoying every minute of that. >> behind you we have a map of a test track. what is that? >> that's called m city. m city is maybe something people

don't agree with that, it's the world's first automated and connected vehicle test facility. so it's 32 acres, we designed it to emulate the real world but a small footprint. only 32 acres. we try to include a very rich driving environment, not only the pavement type, we have 17 different lights, so even the light -- street lights with 17 different types. if you look closely even to the parking meters they are all different. the angle parking, parallel parking, we try to emulate a railroad crossing, we try to emulate an underpass situation and tree canopy. we try to imagine all the

challenging driving conditions for connected and automated vehicle technologies and we built many of the features in the small footprint. >> has it been worthwhile investment? >> it has received unimaginable publicities so i'm not exaggerating if i say we have been visited more than 500 times in a year so we just had a grand opening on july 20th, 2015 and we have hosted again probably more than 500 visits. actually we lose count. >> you had secretary of transportation anthony fox, governor rick snyder have been here to visit. >> yeah. >> what have you learned? have you learned -- have you gotten benefits at the mobility transportation center transformation center for your m city? >> certainly. i think this -- this is a small test facility.

we are trying -- first trying to understand how individual vehicles interact with maybe an individual infrastructure device and then we gradually try to expand it to beyond. one company that has certainly take advantage of this facility is ford. they had demonstrated the idea of so-called snow autonomy, meaning they can drive in snow with no driver even when the road is fully covered by snow. they argue, of course, this is the first time that anybody has reliably demonstrated that technologies in the world. >> when you see some of the things that are going on here and some of the research that you're doing, at what point will we be using this technology on a regular basis, do you think?

>> that's a great question. so some of the technologies have been already put into production vehicles. you can buy the cars from high-end, lexus, mercedes, accura and so forth. they will just -- the number will keep increasing, many people try to give a prediction, 2020, 2022. in our view we think that technology may already be almost ready, so you can already have a driverless vehicle in recreational park or in an industrial region with very well defined environment and traffic. you can already deploy autonomous vehicle pretty reliably but if we are thinking of a car that can describe itself facing a glaring sunlight

and heavy snow in very complicated traffic conditions, sometimes we joke and say mumbai or beijing, then we are probably a few years away, but, again, depending on challenging the scen or oirs we -- scen -- scenarios we are talking about. we need to figure out the traffic rules, safety rules, insurance and whether the rules are in place so that this vehicle is already can be deployed in the real world clearly understanding who is going to pay for the insurance or be liable for any crash. those are probably lagging behind compared with the technology. >> what about security, hacking security, that type of thing? is that being baked in? >> that's certainly considered.

because cars are connected, they are ten years behind. we know that internet is under constant attack. we know the hackers are trying to steal trade secrets, garment secrets or money from the bank so there will be hackers continue to attack internet and there will be hackers trying to attack cars and automated vehicles, we understand that. the technology -- we are trying to build to protect cars are on par or similar to what people have been deploying to protect internet. >> what about privacy? >> that's a good question again. so certainly we understand that people don't want to be constantly watched where they are every moment.

their relative position to other cars are important for safety. we know that. but there are ways of hiding the privacy by using, we call security certificate, in other words, you don't really need to be associated with a name or even a fixed license plate. today we are associated with a fixed license plate but in electronic world, your id can actually be refreshed regularly. you can imagine either days or even a few hours your electronic license plate will be refreshed in which case it's actually protecting your privacy in terms of where you are by having a fixed license plate. and in some countries like london, people say there are hundreds of thousands of

cameras, so your whereabout is already in the public domain even though digging through the video streams to exactly knowing where you are is very hard but you have a fixed id. in the connected vehicle world, we can have a refresh id. so arguably security is different. i wouldn't say it's better, it's different for sure. >> and finally, where is the u.s., where is detroit when it comes to developing this technology opposed to tokyo, beijing, et cetera? >> so people have been trying to deploy intelligent transportation system technologies to solve real-world transportation problems. in terms of solving real problems, many countries are making a lot of progress. in particular in the field of connected vehicles, u.s. is

probably an elite in the sense that we have a very clearly defined spectrum. 5.9 giga hurtz for road safety application and standards are being defined by sae and in that sense u.s. is ahead. europe has been investing a lot in real deployment projects. most of their projects are smaller. for example, our demonstration project we have a hundred cars, most of them have dozens, maybe hundred. that's the level they have. on the other hand, the demonstration project technologies is the investment is very, very healthy and so i will say it's very hard to say whether u.s. is ahead or europe

but it's a friendly competition for sure. u.s. has a better chance of requiring and that's what dot is trying to do. federal multivehicle safety standard and if passed it would require all vehicles to have src and that would be the world's first. europe is not likely to pass that with so many european countries in brexit into play and japan is certainly not ready to do that. china is still thinking about it. so at this moment i will say u.s. is ahead. >> debbie e plains more about car technology 2. >> do you approach your work as an engineer or as a consumer? >> i think you have to do both.

i think being a good earning is you understand what your consumers want. you need to make it easy for your consumers to use and understandable. so there is a balance between function and the human factor interface of that. >> okay, as we drive to the next site, what surprised you most of what you learned here? >> you know, the biggest one was how far it transmits, so the specification that you need to transmit a minimum of 300 meters and we have found that it goes way beyond 300 meters, depending on, of course, geometry. it is pretty much line of sight but your line is huge so right here in this area it's pretty much 360-degrees. but if i'm an s-curve i can only go so far. it's still a lot farther than any radar or vision sensor that's used today. this structure with the wires

when we are doing testing we put over what we call a canopy. it simulates a tree canopy. if you're going on a tree-line street and they are growing together and you're basically going another type of tunnel, we don't keep it out every day obviously we want to keep the equipment in good working order but typically it'll look like little leafs going across and you're going to lose gps signal. you can test how well you maintain the gps for how long, how quickly you recover. >> when you talk about gps, you're talking about satellite? >> yeah. >> this information from this car is going 18,000 miles in the sky? >> yeah. it's getting gps and we are upgrading our devices to what they call gnsf which really takes our system, the american version of gps and adds more

satellites and instead of having our satellites it has bigger set of satellites so it's more accurate. >> we kind of perfected the four-wheels and air-conditioning. >> sophisticated. >> next week the president talks to communicator of >> more road to the white house coverage with donald trump in green bay, wisconsin. he's trailing hillary clinton for about 5 points. we will have the rally here at c-span2. >> c-span brings you more debates this week. tonight three debates starting on c-span. first from pennsylvania

incumbent republican faces democrat katie, then florida senator marco rubio seeking reelection challenged by democratic congressman patrick murphy. and from ohio, senator rob portman debates former democratic governor strickland. that's at 10:00 eastern on c-span. a debate from indiana to succeed republican dan coats who is not seeking reelection. republican representative todd young faces democratic senator evan. that's live at 7:00 eastern. after that another debate to succeed a retiring member of the senate, louisiana republican david vitter. several candidates will take the stage including republican state treasurer john kennedy, republican congressman charles and democrat caroline. that's live at 8:00 eastern on c-span2.

.. >> watch c-span's live coverage of third debate between hillary clinton and wednesday night. our life review from las vegas starts at 7:30 p.m. eastern. the briefing for the studio audience is it: 30 p.m. eastern and the debate is at 9:30 p.m. eastern. stay with us for your reaction including your calls and facebook posts. watch the debate live or on-demand using a desktop phone or tablet at c-span.org. listen to live coverage on your phone with the three c-span radio app.

green party protesters could be heard demonstrating as colorado's u.s. senate candidates , incumbent michael bennet and republican darryl glenn debated earlier this week. only candidates who reached 10 percent of the holes were invited to participate. in the fight for the u.s. senate, democrats are counting on colorado to keep senator michael bennet in his seat. so far the polls are on his side. republicans nominated county commissioner darryl glenn who's struggled to raise funds and get his name out to voters. glenn bills himself as an unapologetic christian conservative who opposes much of what the obama administration has done. by contrast, bennett supports

liberal policies like the affordable care act, same-sex marriage and the green in the in years dominated by the presidential race, bennett supports hillary clinton but glenn has gone back and forth about supporting donald trump. the latest on that from both candidates as bennett and glenn go head-to-head in their only televised debate. >> from history colorado center in downtown denver, this is decision 2016: race for the senate. tonight moderators are nine news anchor mike clark and political reporter brandon whitaker. [applause] >> good evening, i'm kyle clark. >> and i'm brandon whitman, thanks for joining us. we will be skipping commercials and our audience will be skipping their applause for the majority of the night or to maximize time for democratic senator michael bennet and his challenger darryl glenn but we are going to bring back role on time once more as we invite the audience thanks

for coming here and participating tonight. [applause] everyone who is watching at home on channel 20 or on nine news.com has the opportunity to guide this debate and weigh in on the issues being discussed. go to nine news.com/boat now. voting will appear on the screen and you will have the opportunity to choose one of the issues which will get an extended discussion tonight. we alone chose the questions for tonight's debate. they have not been shared with the candidates in advance. let's get started. mister glenn, the first question is yours. in the last four days, you had different positions on donald trump. you supported him, then you called on trump to drop out after he bragged about sexually assaulting women. you said trump is simply disqualified from being commander-in-chief and then you said essentially i will support him after, check in

with me later this week. once and for all, will you still support donald trump who you said is disqualified for president? >> thank you mister bennett for being here. in honor of yom kippur, i think this is important when you start thinking about resistance. i'm here because of a very strong woman. and what you saw over that period of time was real frustration and hurt because we should never disrespect women. i grew up in a family with a mystic violence so anybody who puts a hand on or talks about women in that way, it's painful. what you saw on sunday, you saw an individual that made an apology. i'm a deep man of faith and i think it's extremely important that if somebody makes an apology, my faith teaches me grace, mercy and

respect so i've extended an invitation to go out there and have a conversation with mister trump because i want to know what his is in his heart. camping and about the positions he supports, that's why i'm dedicated to doing that and when he finishes and we have that conversation i will be able to address that question. >> in fairness mister glenn, mister trump apologize before you said he was disqualified for being president. what happened after that moment as he performed fairly well in the debate. >> i guess i would say that his apology was not scripted. when you're apologizing to somebody, one of the toughest things you have to do is address the family members area mister trump is part of the family. some of the toughest conversations you have with people, people with substance abuse, your family is there to actually call you on the carpet and show you a pathway out. and he wants to actually be able to deliver that message, when i'm going into underserved communities, the number one question that asked to me is, he's made these statements, how do you know he doesn't actually feel that way? my team