>> coming up in a half hour, it's back to live coverage when we bring you a discussion on the u.s. military and space policy hosted by the center for strategic and international studies. it starts live on c-span starting at one pm eastern. a little bit later, 2016 campaign round table with journalists, pollsters and political advertisers and advisers that is. that will take part hosted by georgetown university. we will have live coverage starting at seven eastern on c-span2. >> tonight on the committee caters james lewis, senior vice president at the center for strategic and international study looks at the alleged russian cyber hacking of the u.s. election system. also a retaliatory strike against russia. he is interviewed by reuters reporter. >> the russians hacked into both campaigns in both 2012 and 2008. what's different this time is the release of the data.

before they took e-mail donor lists, campaign strategy and research, this is the third time they've done that. what's different now is the overt political you. >> watch the communicators tonight at 830 eastern on c-span2. >> c-span brings you more debates this week from key u.s. senate races. this evening at seven, live on c-span, the, the pennsylvania senate debate between republican senator pat toomey and katie mcginty. at wednesday night at ten on c-span, a debate for the florida senate between marco rubio and patrick murphy. thursday night, at 80 strand, republican senator debate for the new hampshire senate seat. now until the election day, follow key debates from the house, senate and governor races on the c-span network.

c-span, where history unfolds daily. >> a discussion on the state of muslims in america in the presidential campaign and obama policies. this took place at the islamic society of north american convention held just outside chicago. we will show you as much as we can until the event on the u.s. military and space policy gets underway at 1:00 p.m. eastern. [speaking in native tongue]

[speaking in native tongue] >> yes, as brother said, i'm back >> welcome back >> i just want to say something about this because i think that many miss understood the very essence of what i was saying and i was very happy to have discussions with the brothers over the last three years which were instrumental in the discussion because at the end of the day, we all want to have

constructive criticism to try to move ahead and find the right way to respond to our challenges it's not to undermine the legacy and contribution which i think we all have to acknowledge, but sometimes you need to say things that you think are right and you try to help your brothers and sisters to think about what is done under the pressure, the political pressure of situations and i will come to this in my discussion. in the title of this convention, what is expected is to ask the sisters in the brothers, it's a call to action, to do something. as you know, when it comes to action, when it comes to going from our principles to our daily

life, what is important is to think outside the context of where we are and what are the priorities in which we have to deal with this. there are some challenges, there are trans-historical, they are always the same because we are human beings. we have to deal with that wherever we are. there are some challenges that are connected to our situation here so we have challenges of life that life is it trial and a test and a challenge and we have to deal with it. we have the challenges that are connected to the times so very contextual what we are experiencing now in our situation and the challenges of space of the environment in our specific society and for you in canada, and those those of you

who are coming from canada, in the united states of america and to all of us in the west, but let me tell you something first because i very much like what our sister die out was. i think she has very good speeches and much food for thought and what you heard this evening. what is an essential dimension, when it comes to our situation here, when you look at what she said, for example, courage, compassion and connectedness, the three notions that she used, at the end of the day should come to the first one and you understand, she's completely white by saying courage is not the absence of fear. it's to acknowledge the fact that you might be scared exactly

like others were scared. so you are scared, but don't be scared. why, i am with you. i am with you. this connectedness that they are talking about, when it comes to being connected to human beings, it is in fact the starting point of our courage which is a deep understanding that at the end of the day, the challenge for us in the united states of america, in the west, starts with this connection to god. there is no clapping. there is meditating and trying to understand. when it comes to this, the answer to the great challenges that we are facing, and if we are saying now this is a great

time, this is really the time for us to face the challenges, and it's good for us, if we start within which way the challenges that we are facing are helping me to come close to him, to come close to the one. to move through a journey which has to do with the knowledge of god. don't turn the challenges into something which is being active, being politically involved, not understanding the priority. the priority is, if you want peace around you, try to get peace inside you and peace inside you is this relationship which has to do the man. god creates the security and my heart [inaudible]

this has to do with the knowledge of god. to do this, especially in our times, one of the main challenges of our time is that we don't have time. we don't have space to think with our own self just to remain with our own self and to concentrate on who am i, what am i doing, what are my priorities, what priorities, what am i doing with my family and my life. we come to convention, you bring the family and at one point you listen to talks and all the talks are pointing back who are you and what are you doing. make time. stop being under fashion, in the tv, in the internet, the social network take time. the struggle of time is in this period of time in our life where

we strive to understand that if you want to get courage from the center, god is with you, first be with him. come to me and i will come to you, but if you go far from me, you are going far from yourself. those are forgetting a lot, they make them forget themselves. this is the first which is the first challenge in the way we are, to look at the things, and it's also something which has to do with our own self, but also when you think about changing the walls and crying during the night because he got the verse [speaking in native tongue]

[speaking in native tongue] so he is facing the world, changing the whole society, crying, looking at the world, look look at the order around you, look at the sign, there is this nature, this environment and you have to remember, when you are sent up, when you are sleeping, when you are lying, when you are sitting, remember. this is the answer [speaking in native tongue] let me be one of those people when i'm standing, when i'm sitting, at night when i am trying to be close to you because i know at the end of the day all that is

said is not going to succeed if i don't see your presence around me in this environment. even with the problems i have in society and if i look at some people doing wrong, i need to see in their creation the sight of his presence even though i see in their behavior the site that they are lost sometimes, but i have to come with the creation in order to chase the creator. something that is so essential for us that comes to our understanding as muslims. when we are talking about changing, when we are talking about our way of life and the american way of life, you know the american dream can be a future nightmare. you know that what is sold to you sometimes about having money

makes you successful in this life, this could be a nightmare that sometimes you are being a fool trying to get the money instead of close to allah. at one point you have to come here with the essential dimension of how are you going to get this. once again the first must act as muslim, there are principles and there are things that you cannot miss. your personal education, the time you take to yourself and for your wife and for your husband, the time time you take for your kids, the time your kids are taking for their parents. all these things are essential in what we are trying to do here these are not words.

this has to do with the way we deal with our life and it means, as american muslims, the spiritual challenge and the spiritual jihad which we heard, it's important, this is something that if everyone in our life to give to this american jihad has to do with intellectual education and cultural production, all of this is who we are as muslims. for us to be involved in all these fields as we keep on repeating for years now in science and everywhere, these are challenges that are important. this is a message we have to start with. this is where we will get

courage, and we will get what is needed for us to face the challenges of our time. it starts with this original commitment, and be careful, it starts it starts with but it is not ending with this. all the people who are telling you be a spiritual being and that's enough, no, you're going to be spiritual and in the way that you are spiritual and the way you translate your spirituality into the good behavior that you expect from all of us. having said that, it means that everyone of us, one of the main resistances that we need is discipline. i know that is a word we don't like, but discipline with our time.

how are you dealing with the time when you are reading books, pondering over your own life, taking time with your family, this is the way in which we deal with time and money and our fellow citizens in our society. these are principles that are so important. we have to be disciplined. there is no spirituality without discipline. there is no spirituality without being clear with our mind. we have to give to every dimension of your being, it's right, to education, to your mind, to your body to a healthy life. be careful in the way you eat because you are the way you eat. i have a problem in this society, the american way of life is not a healthy way of eating. it's not a healthy way of drinking. it's not a healthy way of

dealing with time, under pressure, stress and eating the wrong way. in this country, that is is just a nightmare so you have to come with something and our ethics. this is one of our challenges. having said that, i don't want to stop with this. this is a starting dimension. this is where i was involved in the discussion two years ago. i'm with you today because you know, i think that we have to engage with our fellow citizens at every level and what was said is essential, we have to be connected and we have to get and reach out to our fellow citizens. what is important now is not only to behave as muslims when

it comes to speak about islamic issues, it's to speak of human beings, american citizens, muslims dealing with common issues in this society. this is our our contribution. if we only are visible when we are talking about the salaam and islam a phobia, we are not going to get that. it means we have to be involved in this society and connected and dealing with all the issues within the society. when it comes to this, i think that we should understand that as muslims, one of the very things you are facing now is a psychological war putting us in a situation where we are reacting and we are victimizing our self and we keep talking about islam a phobia.

this is a very important challenge if we understand that it's connected to so many other things. it's not only islam a phobia and we react. we need to get the big picture behind it. when you see this, i think we need to come to deal with our federal citizens but also with our government in a way which to declare. look, two years ago, when the muslims were invited to come for its celebration of the white house with the president barack obama, to go there and engage with the government, it's a duty, you have to go, you have to speak with whoever comes to us. we are ready to speak and now ready to speak with the highest level of all the government in the world, but we have conditions to invite celebration

during ramadan, the ambassador of israel 1500 civilians were killed is a political mistake. you don't do that. if you invite us [inaudible] don't use it for political purposes. that's not the right way of respecting us. this is what i said when you have a president making the political mistake you say it, that's wrong, and by the way, many americans who are thinking it was wrong to do it in such a way, even from the american administration, i had a problem with the muslim leadership being silent about that. it's not to engage, it's how to engage with the government. this is our critical loyalty once again. i am very happy to have mr. johnson coming from the

homeland security here and we are happy to have him, but i wonder, as it was said by one of our brothers, why is, why is it that when it comes to speak to muslims we have mainly security agency and not the state department or the president himself coming. why not? why not, why do we talk, it's exactly the same in switzerland. they were invited as a swiss muslim and i was talking, you know what, you are fell or met islam citizens and we are going to speak about migration and security. i'm sorry there is a mistake there. i'm safe and i don't have a problem with security. there is a mindset here so the way we are engaging the discussion, it's important important in this room, if you want to speak. by the way, i was banned from this country for six years, for what? did i do something against the

security of the united states of america, except to say this is wrong and invading iraq is wrong and you banned me from the country. now you are telling me forget about everything. i can't forget about that because it was nothing, six years outside the country, but today, but today, in the name of this renewal, after the bush administration, what what do we have? people being deported, people being in jail people being treated in a way that they are criminals. eight years of obama presidency was mainly about words. we heard them speaking, it happened but i had a friend, a

brother who was there in guantánamo. three years of his life and he was innocent and now we have people eight years of their life and they are innocent, and you promise to close it and you promise to stop all these policies that are spreading violence and you come to us and you say you are against radicalization pi have a question. we are all here listening to nice words coming from the president and coming from the candidate hillary clinton saying trump is wrong, but i have a question. trumps rhetoric is coming from nowhere? in fact he is gaining ground with his rhetoric because your policy has the ability to succeed. nice words are not going to compete with what he is saying if you don't change the way you

deal with your fellow muslim citizens, if you don't change the way you talk to your own citizens and if your policies are spreading fear. it's no wonder they are gaining ground. trump is not coming from nowhere, it's coming from the failure of years after september 11 in his war on terror and the way you are dealing with violence. i think here that it is important for us to be involved in the discussion and also to be quite clear about our constructive criticism toward our government. it has to do with what is happening within what is happening outside. as much of my am talking about the spiritual journey, am am also speaking about what is

happening in the country. we have people demonstrating here and saying stop supporting, don't treat the people like this and they are right. they are not behaving against america's interests. on the contrary. they are talking to the power to say be careful, we are here. that's not us. you are not talking in our name. when it comes to now, what we are celebrating like many muslims are saying, i am sorry, even in the way we speak, remember one thing, the way we speak about muhammad ali is not how we were talking about his mentor. you are coming with hope and vision and saying everything that we have in this country which has to do race is

connected with the way you treat the africans and the palestinians in the way you treat the world. in fact the logic with it is the logic outside and if you don't get that so kill me. in you, he wrote this to my father, the day before he was going to be killed, now that i know the truth they are going to kill me. it was not about the nation of islam, it was about connectedness in the big picture and knowing now what is the struggle. the struggle is the way you treat the black people, the latinos and the muslims. and the way you forget the palestinians and the way you exploit african people. it's the same logic. we are true americans and we are not going to let you do that.

that's the reality of it. it means the big picture. when you have black lives matter today, look at the way they are looking. they are trying to get alliances throughout but unfortunately we don't have enough muslims there. you know we deal with we are victims, we need to unite. islam is about connecting. it's about growing and talking about what is happening in palestine is wrong. what is happening in bangladesh is wrong. it's about silencing our voices in the new generation of muslims who are ready to be silenced are betraying not only god but humanity and their american values. what we heard is that we are to heal this country, let us

reconcile the united states of america with the principles and practice not just principles with words. enough with good words. i like the discourse of barack obama. what happened "after words"? nothing. words, words, words. they inject fear. that's the reality. let me be practical in my conclusion because i am losing my voice. something which is important in all of this, we are coming. i am not going to keep quiet and what i heard from the president, when i heard from so many is we are not here to be silenced on critical issues. we get it right. we want to be free american

citizens. it's essential. it starts with courage, but let me tell you something. if you look at all what i said, when you are talking to allah, our life is about communication, you get the sense of communication with him. you need to get the courage of loneliness. remember one thing which is we need to refine. sometimes i think about the people i love who passed away and you read you are going to be alone one day and under this and just alone in your grief. the courage of being lonely in this life is just to think about what are your priorities with your own values.

: telling us everything is fine. i'm critical. i'm also critical from the deputy prime minister come in the country here and saying things that are just label, all terrorists and we have to support it. i'm sorry, the best way -- no, no, no. the best word i can support my turkish brothers and sisters it to be critical when i see a government coming and telling us we are going to go for that because the people want that. and saying all our cameras.

i'm not going to buy that. that's not possible. and because i am supporting you, your quest for democracy process come on the click except that. you go too far. yoyou're going to far, to be critical. even with your own brothers and sisters, promote what is right even against your brothers and sisters and promote what is right, even against powerful people. that's the courage of independence. the courage of dealing also with our ethics. hud ethical in this society. be courageous enough to be ethical. ethical means to abide by your principles. be courageous enough to say you know what, at the end of the day you do whatever you want but don't ask me to promote what you are doing. now, i'm not going to go for any

ethical when it comes to human behavior. don't wait and expect for me that i'm going that way. that's not, that's not the way. and the last thing is also to encourage us the right political voice that is the in this country. can i tell you something? this country is in dire need of people who are courageous enough to speak the truth. and if you think you are american, muslim, american citizens and the accident the only thing it is for you is to be respected and accepted without speaking the truth in this country. if you are here to have the courage to be local enough to be heard in this country. and remember one thing -- [speaking in native tongue] don't be, don't hear the fear.

don't be sad. you are going to win if only you are a believer and now this. this is the truth. even if all the people think you are failing and if at the end you are killed because you are right, or you are in jail, and you were insulted and you are right and you know money but you are right. at the end, the people can think that you failed, that you know that you are winning. that's the reality of it. winning needs to be right, a whatever the people think, whatever the price you pay -- i'm very sorry. 10 minutes more. that's my way of dealing with friends. [applause]

♪ >> coming up in about one hour we will bring you that discussion of u.s. military and space policy. it's hosted by the center for strategic and international studies. originally we thought this was scheduled for 1:00. it's coming up at 2 p.m. future. that will be live on c-span2 when it starts. later it is the 2016 campaign roundtable with the journalist go pollsters and political advisers taking part composed by georgetown university. live coverage underway on c-span2 at seven eastern. this is about one hour.

>> the winner of new york state emmy for best political program, this is in new york and now special edition. the 19th congressional district debate. >> welcome to a special edition of new york now. i matt leinart tonight's debate is brought to you by wmht tv. we want to welcome our viewers. without further ado that i woke up in our 19th district candidates. you can clap now. it's the only time. [cheers and applause] we've asked our audience members

to refrain from clapping. that was a one time. during the debates we can as much from the candidates as possible. i will be are moderate and enjoyed by three of the best reporters in the business started off from a veteran political reporter, jill mahoney. next to do is have my face, karen to what, and finally my post on new york now casey plan whose also the state editor. he will be taking your questions at home. we're allowing you the chance to an active role in tonight's debate. if you want as the candidate something you can do so by logging onto our facebook account and liking us and ask away or on twitter. >> let's go over the rules to each candidate will be given two minutes for the opening statement. after that we will begin the formal questioning from our panel. each candidate will have 90

seconds to answer while the other can offer up to a 452nd rebuttal. if the pedals with an answer needs clarification from one of the candidates, they can ask a follow-up question to the individual who will then have 30 seconds to clarify. we will alternate questions to each candidate. after the moderator initial run. before the debate we flipped a coin to determine the order for opening and closing statements. zephyr teachout won the toss. he elected to make the second opening statements of these up first is mr. john faso. good evening and your two minutes starts right now. >> thank you, matt. i think all of you in our viewing audience and thank the distinguished audience your, my opponent, zephyr teachout for participating in this debate. i decided to run for congress because our nation is in crisis. we are facing a grave, grave economic crisis that threatens the future stability of our country and the futures of our children and grandchildren. i have laid out a series of

economic measures which i think will revitalize the upstate economy and also poorly our national economy. those measures are tax reforms and vital toward reforms that will lift the burden from small business and will actually help us create jobs in the private sector here in upstate new york. among the reforms i suggested are changing the tax code, reform it so that we simplify it and would reduce rates, make it easier for businesses to invest. i suggested small businesses should be able to depreciate right off against our taxes any investment in plant, equipment, machinery, tools and even make an investment. that will incentivize employment and create jobs. i've said we should allow our companies that do business abroad to be able to bring home their profits with the double taxation which is the situation now. that will encourage investments

year in america and bring more jobs here at home. i'm very pleased i've lived in kinderhook for 33 years. my wife and i married frances who is the local school nurse after high school of raise our children. we lived our version of the american thing in upstate new york. i'm honored to the support and strong endorsement of congressman chris gibson who is a model to me on how you work across party lines to get things done. it is an honor to serve and to run in this capacity. if elected i will do my very best to fulfill our promises, uphold our constitution and abide by the rule of law. >> ms. teachout, your two minutes begins. >> thank you to our panelists, thank you to matt and john and thank you to all of you who are watching tonight, and possibly asking us questions. i'm running for congress because i love this country and i'm worried about it. i'm economic patriot. i believe that the bring jobs home act.

we have to support local, and we can'can and should make things n america again. i'm also running because we have to protect our water from the big polluters, and i support a model where we move away from a fossil fuel energy system towards renewable energy. the third reason i' i run is wee got to clean up congress. congress just isn't working. every part of the district i go to people ask me how can we get congress working again for the people? not big corporations, not lobbyists or political insiders like for the people. i know some of you from my work, from our work together on pushing for a fracking that in new york state which is one of the most extraordinary environmental, economic and health victories in recent decades. i know others from fighting against high-stakes testing or taking on the big cable companies or fighting against corruption in albany and in

washington. i'm very independent. i've always been an independent fighter. i never have and never will follow the orders from either political party bosses or big corporations or big donors. i look forward to this debate into a real opportunity to have an open exchange of ideas. thank you. >> before we went on a we flipped a coin to see would get the first question. it goes to mr. john faso. at time warner cable poll came out a few weeks ago showing the race essentially a dead heat. among independent voters the difference was 1%. my question, why should someone who is independent or undecided vote for you instead of your opponent? >> i've lived and worked in this district for over 33 years. i've raise our family here. i understand the district, and i've laid out a strategy for improving our economy and growing jobs here in the capital region. i've also laid out a plan to

finally end what i call nelson rockefeller's 50 year old mistake which was imposing the burden on property taxpayers of medicaid. new york is one of the only states where your county county property tax bill is significant portion of it is going to pay for mandated medicaid costs and most other states you don't have to bear that burden. so we have to get control of property taxes. i laid out a plan to do that. i've also laid out a plan that would be followed up on chris gibson's efforts continue to work on lyme disease, work very hard to make sure that we're focused on the new cures that are essential for us to get a hold of this disease and prevent its spread. most importantly i think of also laid out a strategy for protecting america, our national security. we have to rebuild our defenses, make sure our military is second to none. we also to make sure that our

intelligence and our diplomatic presence is respected and well known throughout the world. it's extraordinarily important we keep america safe. so i ask every voter whether they're independent, democratic odemocraticor republican to cony credentials a platform. >> thanks for the question. i am pretty independent. i show that. i ran against andrew cuomo. i've been critical of my own party leaders and i built i campaigned with an average contribution of $19. not with big donors. i spent my life fighting against corruption. we have both the shackles can and the perfectly legal kind. when i talk to people throughout this district, there's a deep independent spirit. people are looking for someone who's going to fight for people in this district and not take orders from elsewhere. my app on his campaign is funded in a different way.

there have been two donors who each gave $500,000. these are new york city hedge funds it gave a half million dollars each to fund the super pacs. you've probably seen the attack ads. those are the kind of funders behind those attack ads and i think there's a real problem with money and politics right now where big money is trying out the voices of the mom and pop. big money and big lobbyist the drowning of the voices of the people. there's a lot more common sense on the ground than it is among political elites. my opponent is a career politician. after serving in the assembly he became a lobbyist and continues to take a pension of $40,000 a year while getting hit as a lobbyist. he's part of the system that isn't working. i come from into the background and i will keep that up when i'm in congress. >> we're now stuck with a panel. >> you just mentioned you have a record of taking on your parties

the leaders. right now the top of the ticket is hillary clinton. in the past have written it couple of critical articles about her involvement with the clinton foundation, and that, i believe it was a couple of months before he got into this race. since been even more information has come out about four entities donating money to the clinton foundation, meetings being set up by clinton foundation staff when she was asked, served as the secretary of state here do you still have reservations about her at this point nothing she's at the top of your party ticket? >> i support hillary clinton. i'm going to vote for her and have been critical. and you know what, when i'm in congress i'm going to keep been critical of the things i disagree with. i've been concerned about foreign involvement in elections for a long time. i was writing about it in 2000. i think it's a real issue comes to take seriously.

i think part of the job of being representative is again not paying attention to who's at the top of the ticket, but saying what's in the interest of the people? i'm proud some of the criticisms that i and others raised about asking the clinton talk more about citizens united, overturning citizens united and some the issues we have in congress have come more to the floor of her own campaign platform. there's a real difference between myself and my opponent on our relationship to the top of the ticket. i'm clear on where i am critical. i'm also clear on where i stand. this past week we've seen donald trump boast about sexual assaults and some women have come forward. my opponent has not had the courage to denounce drop, still supports the ticket and doesn't seem to trust voters enough to tell them whose acts are going to vote for on election day. i think into straightforward and tell people where you stand.

>> forty-five seconds for a rebuttal. >> i think it's interesting that ms. teachout who just moved into the district, bought a house in may, has never paid a lick of property taxes in this district, lashing which amid the criticism of secretary clinton should still a resident of brooklyn. the fact is her campaign has been built on deceit and deception to the very first hadd just been a little motor boat pulling down the hudson river is based on deception and untruth. if you can't trust a candidate today the truth about the small things, how could you trust them to tell you the truth about the things that medical i have a voting record when i was in the legislature of 97%. and ms. teachout and allies continue to misrepresent your so the falsehoods and a lack of clarity from her advisor stated reformist intentions. >> next question. >> turn one, you said you don't endorse donald trump but you do

support the republican ticket. you've also said join usher who you're going to vote for. as you well know the controversy surrounding trump and accusations of sexual harassment seems to be growing by the day. with that in mind what is your current position on trump and do you still back the entire gop slate speak with my position has been clear from the star trek i sebastian wenta start of an winner 17 gop candidates advantages a candidate does workers that primary process that i would support the nominee of my party. that is still the case. i could to support mrs. clinton because i have significant policy differences with mrs. clinton. i am closer to mr. trump on economics and growing the economy. he's put forth a list of supreme court nominees, one of them i know, an appellate judge in iowa your distinguished it would be good nominees for the supreme court. i am troubled by many of the things i've heard. the statements that were made on that 11 year old tape are reprehensible. they're horrible.

i as a father and a husband an extremely disconcerted either statements. they are outrageous. but the fact is that the voters are intelligent enough to decide the race for president. they will decide the race for congress in the 19th district here to see what someone who has dedicated his life to local concerns and working through issues here in this district, somebody just parachuted in from brooklyn is never even voted in a general election in this district? to do what someone that wants a free market economy, the wants to go the small business sector or someone who basically subscribe to socialistic points if you about the economy? my position has been clear from the start. i will support the republican ticket but i do have qualms about many of the things that have been said. >> forty-five seconds for ms. teachout. >> you know, i have a lot of sympathy for principled republicans who are dealing with

what donald trump is up and assert it's not just now. it's been clear for a while he called women pigs and dogs. the description he had indicate that we all heard is really disgusting. and the stories that come out of women who are basically verifying that is boasting of sexual assault was actually something that he himself did, is really, it's more than distressing to its more than qualcomm see. i believe he is not fit to be president. i do believe it is important, sure, we will all have policy differences but there is a point where country has to come first. it has to come before political party. >> next question. >> the 19th district is probably at the northern and, of course, includes the commute of hoosick falls which has for a while now begin with the pfo white water contamination crisis. we've been getting questions on

social media about pfo a. my question is what does government, whether state or federal need to do for the people of hoosick falls? as the related question, would you support congressional hearings to look at new york's response to the crisis? >> thank you for the question. for those of you have not been following what is happening in hoosick falls, please start paying attention. it's a real crisis. i spent time at the hearings, meetings in hoosick falls and petersburg, and we recently, the there was recently an event with mothers of flint who came in but with the mothers of hoosick falls to talk about their similar struggles in parenting and ashamed when they can't actually take your children the way they would like to. one of the stories that really got to me was a mother from hoosick falls say i've been breast feeding my child for the

last two years because i thought that would be the most healthy and the best thing for him. and it turns out that drinking the water was actually poisoning him. so the hearings with the state have been extremely frustrating. we have to move toward solution. i support biomonitoring. i support paying for monitoring and i think the compass themselves also to pay for the health costs and a thinker to look heart of what the epa can do so we can classify new chemicals that may actually be very similar to the ones that are happening, that exist in hoosick and petersburg. i've called for hearings including congressional hearings with subpoena power so that we can finally get to the bottom of what happened but we also have to immediately bring real solutions to bear. these are communities in being. >> forty-five seconds for mr. faso. >> i didn't update who's at fault and he petersburg. i've spoken to many local residents, local officials as well. i do think the companies

responsible should be held accountable. i think clearly the state's response was terrible. the state did not respond properly, and i think that's the subject of oversight hearings. i think it's important to note the toxic substances act at the federal level has been updated and modernized the first time in 40 years. that will allow us to categorize so-called orphan chemicals that have not been tested satisfactorily. so i think that's something that was done this last year in congress. it significant, important and i fully support it. we have to keep on this marking the hoosick falls and petersburg situation. >> thank you very much. >> this question goes to john faso and concerns the upstate economic problems we're having the upstate region. many of the counties and the 19th have lost population over the past decade. in fact, in all of us take the two countries that have lost the most population percentagewise are here in the 19th and that

would be delaware county and scary county. we've also lost clout in washington having lost two members of congress because of this population trend that's been ongoing. what ideas can you offer to bring about economic recovery for this region, attract more people to get and to keep young people and give them opportunities that they are apparently not getting right now? >> tax reform at the federal level is vital to board, and it's in for small business i mentioned earlier about immediately expensing of investment to plant, machinery and equipment. that is critical to allow the private sector to grow. we need for instance, in the catskills watershed area where i have been heavily involved with the issue for the last number of months, and in the years when i was in the legislature, we need to be able to revitalize the bluestone mining industry where right now it is regulated to death.

they're being regulated as though they are a giant corporation or gigantic these when indeed it's a very small, discrete homemade kind of industry. it's important we work closely to get new york city to be more cooperative and the catskills region. delaware county, part of other counties are to the impacted on the affect of the duke city watershed. i've involved in this issues. one thing i would not support, what my opponent supports which will kill the upstate economy, is a carbon tax and energy. she wants to raise taxes on propane, heating oil, electricity, diesel and gasoline. this would be a disaster for our state and for our economy upstate in particular. she just moved here from brooklyn. she does realize people use home heating oil to heat their houses or propane or thei have diesel e tractor or the truck. those things they may not have in brooklyn, they may not use them but those are carbon intensive uses that will hurt us with higher prices which ms.

teachout support. >> briefly, john faso has just totally mischaracterized my position. the real difference between john faso and myself on fossil fuels is that i don't believe that the big fossil fuel companies should be allowed to pollute our air and water for free. the proposal i support is called dividend. you can look it up but i want to address your question directly because it's extremely important. the heart and soul of our district is independent business, and small farms, what some people call a farmer in the middle, the in between farm that is in getting the support from the federal government that the big farms at west are. honestly i independent businesses both democrats and republicans have a lot of work to do. >> next question. >> ms. teachout, anticipated my question because it is about forming a many farmers in the district are hurting financially.

low milk prices have put some dairy farmers out of business. that's been going on for decades. what specific steps would you take to make family farms profitable? >> thanks for the question. i grew up in a very community. my parents had under family had sheep and chickens but we had working dairy farms and i was a teenager during the dairy crisis of the '80s we had a huge impact on the. i've talked to dairy farmers of the week but the prices are not high enough to stay in business. it's a real, real issue. in fact, what kills me is going insane california dairy products in our stores won't have extraordinary farmland right here. there's a few really important things. for civil in the next farm bill looking at who is the farm bill really serving? the subsidies? they're going out with the they're going to the big farms and there's a lot of research on this that 75% of the subsidies are going to the top 10% of the

farms. it's not helping the farms that make up our communities. the second thing is dealing with the red tape, dealing with health care costs which are really high. we have to address the self-employment if you talk about forming in this district are also taking on the distributors that really are pushing a lot of prices down. you have more and more concentration of power, more monopolization in the farming industry which makes it harder and harder for independent farmers and of real options window to get their stuff to market. what we have structure is the proximity to a big market. there's incredible opportunities but we've got to invest in them. >> agriculture is vital import to this district. one thing that i don't want which ms. teachout support is a $15 minimum wage. that will help the farm to table restaurant industry but i will be in pennsylvania. new york farmers will be priced out of business. they don't need higher energy

taxes. diesel in jakarta, home heating oil, propane. the very people who devised the dividend set it in energy tax. it's a carbon tax to its attacks on all fossil-based fuels. the fact is ms. teachout doesn't understand because she's hardly ever lived here. what it means when people two winters ago when she was still in brooklyn with natural gas it apart and had to pay $4 a gallon for home heating oil. she doesn't get it. >> one of the issues that chris gibson, the incumbent in addition has championed has been lyme disease treatment and research. the question of facebook from jan asks what is your plan for helping new york cope with the treatment issues surrounding the lyme disease epidemic, especially long-term or chronic? >> a great question. chris has worked very close on this issue. there is legislation right now

which he is trying to get adopted in the final days of congress after the election. which would address the need for treatment and long-term care for people with lyme disease, and also open up ourselves to alternative treatments and to make sure that there is proper pew review from a variety of medical experts who dealing with lyme disease, lyme disease patients to understand various ways in which drugs can be used in various treatments that can be brought to bear. this is something that is critical in the 21st century cures bill which is a helper to be enacted before the end of this congress. i will continue that effort. i think it's important also expand medical research and a whole variety of other areas, alzheimer's, als, cancer of a variety of forms. it's important the federal government support medical research. i think this is something with

this is a bipartisan consensus to do this and i think there's a bipartisan desire of constituents all across the country. .. is about lime disease but this is a huge crisis. we actually put out a video about the real hidden epidemic of lyme disease. chris gibson has been an extraordinary leader on elevating lyme disease research and funding which there is way too little of those. those who suffer from it know how to little there is.

talk to a teacher about her crawling from her bed in pain and she was unable to have a child. i talk to parents who are worried about the kids playing in the grass. we have to address this had on. >> our next question goes to joe mahoney. >> i would you grapple with the issue of these people living in the shadows of this country, they apparently got here, they can't prove they got here legally so there could be deported. you promote a pathway to citizen but what should we be doing about reform? >> i do. the compromise version for comprehensive immigration reform. that's really important.

richard hanna, the farm bureau. they all came together and said we can work this out. we can address what's happening in this country and a comprehensive way. i think that is the way to go. talking to people throughout the district, there is a general consensus that that's the way to go. i think what we do have to address is people like donald trump who have a rash irresponsible approach. people are responding to economic desperation and we have to address it separately. there is a real crisis right now middle-class america. when i am in congress, i was working for those middle-class jobs.

they are working for the big money interests and i've always been a voice for the people who were shut out. >> there she goes again with another attack which has no basis. the last client that i represented was the primary client was autism speaks. i had the primary role in writing by state law for coverage with children with autism she doesn't tell you the truth. if you can't trust a candidate to tell you the truth about these small things, how can you trust them to tell you the truth about the large things. i support immigration reform, secure the borders first, make sure sure we can satisfy the needs of agriculture in our district and normalize the status of people here.

not a pathway to citizenship unless they get behind people who are already waiting in line. >> at the foreign-policy question. the last presidential debate, donald trump disagreed with his running mate mike pence after he said the u.s. should be prepared to use military force to strike military targets of the asad regime in syria. should the u.s. have ground troops involved in the civil war in syria? >> no we shouldn't have ground troops involved in syria. it is vitally important for us to have credibility and the iran deal is a disaster for peace and that is something that is empowered the primary state sponsor of terrorism in the region.

they are flying equipment to syria and has blood, a terrorist group, and it has also open the door to the re-entrance of the vladimir putin in russia into that region, after they had been basically expelled for the last 45 years. the u.s. policy has been a mess. she supports the deal with uranian state which cannot be trusted. they are testing ballistic weapons for which they can mount nuclear warheads on top, they won't allow u.s. and canadian inspectors to inspect the facilities in iran. the iranian regime cannot be trusted and so the bottom line is we need to rebuild our defenses and make sure we have moderate arab states aligned. if they put troops on the ground, they should do it with each other.

>> now a foreign-policy question, the first tab of american foreign policy is keeping our country safe only face three major threats in the world today. one one is the threat of nuclear weapons, the set is the terrorist threat and then the threat of our overall shifting balance of power in the world. i believe in a tough but realistic approach towards foreign-policy. this is an area where my opponent and i have real differences in our background which really matters. these are questions of judgment. i openly opposed the war in iraq. my opponent openly praised george bush for the way he dealt with the war in iraq. that is a real difference that matters. >> the next question from social media. here at the halfway market, anchorage people to send us questions using # ny 19.

this has been a close fought race with lots of ads, one of them taking sharp practice at your position on the 2% tax cap. on twitter tom templeton says i hope she can clarify her position against the tax cap because that has gotten annoying >> i support more local control. i don't think albany politician should be telling local governments what to do. i have bought and will always fight to lower property taxes in new york state. property taxes are totally out of control. i don't go a day without talking to somebody who is burdened by property taxes. people paying over ten or 20% of their income property tax. i support a circuit approach which has bipartisan support like an individualized property tax cap but we have to look at the root issues. new york state has the highest property taxes. why?

my opponent was in the assembly, taxes went up 43%. they were not, because in the '90s you saw a series of lobbyist from the big new york city corporations and wealthy interest pushing to basically get tax breaks for the wealthy and big corporations. the result is newark's state said, look, it's on you. local governments. local governments check on a greater and greater share of paying for help, paying for education and transportation. we want to take on this real property tax crisis, we have to get to the root issue of what's happening between the state and the big companies. >> i would just say recently doesn't know what she's talking about. the property tax cap in massachusetts which went into

effect in 1980 topped two and a half and has been a real money saver for the taxpayers there. that is the model for what new york state did. the reason they go up so high as state mandates, out-of-control local spending, et cetera. the property tax cap in new york state was adopted on a bipartisan basis, something i advocated for much earlier was also mandate released and has saved for half billion dollars for tax paper impairs it doesn't save taxpayers anything with her plan, she simply doesn't get it. she's never paid property taxes. maybe that's why. >> this concerns college affordability. the total amount of student that stands at about $1.3 trillion. the average student borrow was

in the debt about $37,000. that was a 6% increase from previous years. what would you do to make college more affordable for families were out there struggling to pay for their sons and daughters education. >> the one thing that has happened with this explosion of student debt has been the greater availability of student lending. the federal government basically took over student lending and the problem has only gotten worse. couple things we have to do. colleges need to be more forthright with students and parents as to what the prospect of getting a job when you have a degree from this institution. right now i don't think people really understand the economic dynamics that's at work. colleges should be more forthcoming in disclosing that information to students. i also think the bottom line is

we have allowed too many students to take on debt unwisely. this is why you have the explosion of student loan debt. the failure of colleges to properly inform students and parents is what your prospects of ever repaying the stepparent we had to be more forthcoming and attentive to this issue for students. the bottom line is college affordability is extremely important, but we also need to make sure we emphasize vocational training as well. there would be many who would do much better to go to a two-year college to learn a trade rather than getting a four-year degree that is not going to give them a job when they get out that they could pay off the loan. >> i hear about this everyday. i hear about it from student i hear about it from grandparents for worried about their grandchildren and their trying to pitch in.

it's really holding back our entire economy because it's a debt that is like a millstone around people's neck. look, we have to support our public colleges and universities we also make sure the for-profit colleges don't continue to be as abusive as they have them. they see a pot of money and they're going after it anyway they can. this is something that's extremely important. we also have to support the g.i. bill for veterans. we have tens of thousands throughout our district and it's important to support their chance to go to college. >> in sticking with the education theme, some parents have had their children boycott the tests associated with common core. you think, core should be scrapped or reformed and what is the federal government's role in

education. >> i think common core should be scrapped. i believe in standard but common core, at its root hasn't worked and hasn't worked for fundamental reasons. he came along with high-stakes testing from beginning. my first job out of college was as a special ed teachers eight and a small classroom. i was working with an 8-year-old who had been through five foster homes and he told me he had no imagination and he wasn't smart and i worked with him in the classroom teacher worked with him and eventually, by him discovered that he could write stories himself he started doing really wellin math because i gave confidence in another area. this is true for all kids. kids aren't widgets. every child is individual. i believe federal education policy has to start from a

different standpoint, not from high-stakes testing. pulsing or is one of the big pushers of common core testing but from the big premise that every child is different and every school different district is different. we should have a priority on music and art and sports in social work, understand that children aren't widgets but unique individuals that can become the best adults they can be. >> i don't support common core. the problem is the federal government involve themselves in state and local education but i would've never supported no child left behind when bush and kennedy pushed in 2002 or 2003. k-12 education should be a state and local function. the bottom line is i'm really amazed that she continually goes back to these attacks.

you see her motor and down the hudson in her little vote. the fact is, the hudson river is so much cleaner than it was generations ago. much cleaner than it was 30 or 40 years ago. the main source of pollution in the river today is combined sewer and water overflow into the river. i supported the dredging of the river when it was done properly. i'd not not support it when they were threatening to re- suspend and have them float down the river to the district i used to represent. everyone was opposed to that. she doesn't tell the truth. she may motor down the river but she's trying to sell people down the river with her false arguments. >> next question. >> have a question about infrastructure which he terms crumbling. amtrak is an expensive antiquated system.

more than half of it lacks public transport options for the rest of the world has invested in high-speed rail and friendly infrastructure improvements. what are you going to do to improve infrastructure? >> one of the main things that we have to do is expedite the planning and the approval process for projects. we now have a project approval process at the state level in the national level that is too long, too cumbersome and too expensive. they need to build a third tunnel to connect new jersey to new york so those amtrak trains on the northeast corridor can come up. the fact is, the approval process will probably take eight or nine years to do that. they built in the great depression, the empire state building in 11 months. today couldn't even get through the approval process in place a time to build a building like that. we have to have much more finite

approval process deadline. you see that in delaware county where it took 15 years to get through the quality review act. if we want to expedite projects and move them along, you have to have a much more delineated approval process for these things so that it doesn't take endless amounts of time to get projects done. i think if the structure is vitally important in our state and our country. you see crumbling infrastructure congress just renewed the highway bill. i support that. i think it's critical to our local abilities and imperative for our business of that they have a safe and reliable transportation infrastructure. if someone takes amtrak to new york frequently, i understand understand the need for improved real service in the state. >> 452nd rebuttal. >> we need to invest in our infrastructure now. it's at emergency levels. that means investing in our bridges, our water

infrastructure, the federal government investing in infrastructure bank which supports local projects. it's really important for local governments, being being able to trust your water and your roadways is really important for an open market economy which is what i support. >> i would like to briefly address some of the claims john made earlier but i guess i don't have time. >> this is on marijuana. vermont's senator bernie sanders who has endorsed you said you are in the primary debate and said he believes marijuana prohibition should end in this country, it should not be a crime to have marijuana on your person, etc. cetera. some states have relaxed their laws already leaving us with a patchwork quilt across the country.

do you support legalization of the federal level? >> i think it should be regulated like alcohol. thanks for asking questions about drugs. one thing that is really important for us to deal with is the harrowing fight crisis. >> were going to get that. >> what we are talking about is criminalizing addiction which is a real issue. we have to start treating this like a crime. they are different issues. that's the direction i think we should go. overdosed deaths are up three times in the past five years. i was talking to a father and he

spent a week on the phone with insurance companies looking for a bed. he couldn't get it. his son relapsed and has since overdosed. there is great leadership on this and they have been a wonderful supporter of mine. she endorsed me earlier and has been a great advocate on this. i also think i think other efforts that recognize we need to approach this with a different approach. >> i think we need to look at what's going on in places like colorado before we russian at the federal level. on heroin and opioid abuse i've laid out a plan that i think is

vital. it raises the question in my mind, we've heard of the recent issue with the epipen. what we need to do at the federal level is reform the fda approval process so if the drug comes from a country like denmark, germany where the standards are the same that we allow them more freely here. there's a danish version of the epipen pen that can be purchased for $75. competition will lower cost. >> let's see if we can get to more questions. your question is. >> it's on gun control. you said you oppose closing the gun control show loophole. would you explain your reasoning and also what about preventing people on the terrace no-fly list. can they be prevented from buying guns. >> i'm not in favor of people on the no fly list on the terror watch list from buying guns. i want to make sure however if someone is properly placed on the watch list, or improperly

placed by kennedy was years before, imagine the problem of the common citizen trying to deal with the bureaucracy. the issue becomes yes terrace should not be able to purchase firearms, but we have to have a do process protection first innocent citizens who are improperly placed on the list so they have a due process right to be able to get themselves off the list on an expeditious basis generally, i am a supporter of the second amendment. my opponent supported the safe act and i think that was a travesty. it has done nothing to improve safety. the major problem of crime and gun violence in our country are handguns. handguns are strictly regulated as they should be. the bottom line is, laws on the

law-abiding people are not going to improve our ability to combat the violent criminals who would use guns and a commission of a crime. i think the bottom line is these efforts are going to fail because they are targeted at the wrong people. the law-abiding people rather than the criminal. >> i've been a consistent critic , the safe act was passed in the middle of the night without engaging people. i have spent my life raising up people's voices voices saying they need to be engaged in the process, we actually need to have politics that have room for all of us. the other thing that keeps people shut out is big money. we have a real crisis right now of big companies with well-paid lobbyists, writing legislation and that people aren't engaged in writing.

i want to make sure everyone has an equal voice and representation. >> they will have a brief final question as we near the end of our debate. for that question, i'm synthesizing a a couple that we received on both facebook and twitter about what you just mentioned, the force of big money in politics. you are an opponent of it as you mention, but you but you have accepted money from sources of great wealth. some have said that is hypocritical. is it? >> my campaign is funded with an average contribution of $19. we have over 60000 donors. it is grassroots up. it is powered by grassroots door to door knocking, a people meeting in local communities, by teenagers, we have these wonderful teenagers were coming into our offices to volunteer

and it's always been about that low dollar grassroots. my opponent's campaign has been funded by a handful of super pacs. all those attack ads that you see, you see a lot of them, there have been $2.3 million spent million dollars spent on attack ads against me, funded by the new york city hedge funders who think they found somebody who's going to do their bidding in washington. i asked john to join a pledge to keep super pacs out of this race in massachusetts, the republican and elizabeth warren came together, had a a pledge, they enforced it, they kept super pacs spending out of the race. he turn me down because he thinks citizen united was the right decision. i have stood for overturning citizens united. i have stood for changing the way we fund elections. i have stood for reducing the power of lobbyists and i'm always going to be an independent voice against those things.

>> it really does amaze me, she started her campaign with negative ads against me. i have a 97% attendance record, when i was a missing i was on official legislative business elsewhere or i was attending to my wife who is being operated on for cancer in the hospital. they still attacked me on having a poor attendance record when the fact is i have a 97% attendance record. it is very hypocritical. she started negative ads right from the get-go. she said false terms about my record in my business career right from the start and her campaign is funded by people who don't even live in this district by march. they're from all of the country but very few of them are from here. >> thank you very much. we are approaching the end of our broadcast. the formal questioning is now over. each candidate will now have one minute for a closing statement as determined beforehand,. >> thank you for listening.

you have a real choice between very different candidates on november 8. i just want to briefly address some things that did not come up in this debate but might be in port and you making your decision. we are really different protecting social security. i think we have to protect it and expand it. he has written an op-ed in the new york times saying we should privatize it. we are really different on protecting our water. he told you, hero letters to the epa saying that ge should not have to fund the full cleanup. i will fight to protect water and make sure that the polluters pay. i'm always going to tell you where i stand and i'm independent. he won't even trust the voters to tell him who he will vote for on november 8. i will be responsible to you, answer only to you and continue to be an independent fighter

when i am in congress. >> thank you. i appreciate the opportunity to present my credentials to you. i am running for congress because our nation is in crisis. we are about to go over the cliff financially unless we do that. we have to also rebuild our defenses because it's vitally important that america remains strong. it is vitally important that we have a future for our children and grandchildren. that's why i'm running. i'm from here, i have lived and worked here for 33 years. my opponent has never even voted in the general election in this district. she just lived moved here. i stand for free enterprise and limited government and personal response ability. i for the constitution. i stand for the rule of law. i stand for individual responsibility and equal opportunity for all americans. that is my platform, that is

what i'll run on and that is how i will serve. >> okay, thank you both for participating in the debate. i also also want to thank our panel, karen dewitt and the times union. a reminder you can watch this full debate from now until election day. just had to our website and why now.org. of course we will catch you up on all the week's news and analysis friday night at 730 on our weekly version of new york now. that is sunday at 11:00 a.m. if you are watching. for all of us here, have a good night and do not forget to vote on november 8. >> sees them brings you more debate this week from key u.s. senate races. this evening at seven, live on c-span, the pennsylvania senate debate between republican senator pat toomey and katie mcginty. on wednesday night at ten on c-span, a debate for the florida senate between republican senate

marco rubio and democratic congressman. at eight eastern, they debate for the new hampshire senate seat. now until election day, follow key debate from house, senate, senate and governor races on the cspan network. c-span, where history unfolds daily. >> after i came up with an idea of reproductive rights, a win and research the most recent events i've heard about in our news. i know i could find information on that and that would also help me figure out what points i wanted to say about it and how to form my outline for my peace. >> i don't think i took a very methodical approach to this process. i mean we could if we wanted, but i think that really, with

with a piece as dense as this, it's a piece process of working and reworking. as i was trying to come up with what my theme was, i was doing research at the same time and i was coming up with more ideas for what i could film. i would come up with an idea and think that would be a great shot. i think about that and now you give me something else to focus on. you just keep going until you finally get what is a finished product. >> your theme, your message to washington d.c. tell tell us what is the most urgent issue for congress to address in 2017. the competition is open to high school students or middle school students grades six or 12. more than $100,000 will be awarded in prizes. students can work alone or in a group up to three to produce a 5 - 7 and it documentary. the $100,000 in cash prizes will

be awarded and shared between students and teachers. the grand prize will go to the student or team with the best overall entry. this year's deadline is january 20, 2017. mark your calendars and help us spread the word. for more information go to student cam.org. >> cspan, where history unfolds daily. in 1979, cspan was created as a public service. it is brought to you today by your cable or satellite provider >> we are live now at the center for strategic and international studies for a look at how the u.s. military can leverage commercial space capabilities and policies to help the commercial space industry. live coverage is underway on c-span2.

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[inaudible conversation] [inaudible conversation] >> good morning everyone. i want to thank you for joining us. we certainly have full attendance here. that's great. i think that's a testament to the great panel we have here today. i am the director of a new initiative we started here at csi ice called the aerospace security project. instead of me droning on as i'm

known to do and try to describe the project, which would probably take me ten minutes, we actually have a short video that we are going to show and i apologize in advance for the narration. i will let the short video do the explanation for me and then we will move into our main event today. >> air power and military space zones have revolutionized the way the u.s. military operates in the global economy increasingly depends on reliable and secure access for space systems. the project at csi ask became a technological budgetary policy issues affecting air and space domain. research is focused in three areas. space security of examines the evolving military use of the space and how the lack of behavior can affect escalation and deterrence. he explores how alternative architectures and new space capabilities can enhance the resilience of military space on. air dominance and long-range strikes look at the future of air and missile forces in a more

contested operating environment. the role of stealth unmanned systems, how these capabilities can be integrated to enable new operational concepts and options for the air and ground based pledge of the nuclear triad. commercial and civil space explores international partnership in space to help with the cost of launch and invest in commercial space and policy issues that affect civil and commercial space programs. the whole of the project is to provide innovative, insightful and timely analysis to help educate and inform decision-makers as new opportunities, decisions and threats emerge. it can ensure that the united states continues to lead in the air and space domain. welcome to the aerospace agouti project. >> alright. now i can officially say there is something worse than watching yourself on video, it's watching yourself in front of other

people. now we've gotten that out of the way so everything will start getting better from here. it is my pleasure to have this great group of panelists assembled here today. the topic for discussion which is very timely, is how the u.s. military can leverage commercial space capabilities, or improve those capabilities in the future. i have asked each of the panelists to prepare some opening remarks. we have about five minutes each. i will go down the line, introducing each of them and letting them have their opening remarks and then i will ask a few follow-up questions and then we will open it up to the audience here for your questions that you may have for them. i will start to my left with doug, he is the deputy assistant secretary of defense for space policy. he has been right at the middle of this for many years now. dog, i will turn it over to you.

>> thank you very much. i apologize for being a little bit horse today. i am nursing a cold which i'm hoping to give to both todd and scott so they can share my pain. first of all, thank you very much for everybody being here and i want to thank todd for bringing us together. i don't think there are that many surprises that you will hear from me today. it's more renunciation of the talking about for the past several years and are now starting to do. let me talk about the challenges we have based and why they are fundamental what we need to do between the military and the commercial world the challenges we face are pretty understandable.

there are people who want to take space capabilities away from the u.s. and we don't worry about that just because they take space capabilities away, but they take away the leverage that we get from the space capabilities. many of you have seen not in action during your lifetime as war has transitioned from a war that was constrained to an a or to ones that are worldwide and fought on a global basis. clearly, when you you have people going ahead and targeting halfway around the world from places in las vegas or nevada, you can can understand how space plays into even the lowest level of combat and going ahead and taking out individual targets versus organizing an entire campaign. space is fundamental. everything we do in connection to war and nuclear where as well, space is fundamental to that as well.

we depend on our space capabilities and people are trying to take that away. we have to figure out how to make that not happen. we could go ahead and think about how to fight wars without space, but quite frankly, that is not an attractive notion. that doesn't mean that we should not practice what happens when you lose space for a short time during a battle, but to fight war, the way the u.s. wants to fight war without space means that our soldiers, our sailors, our, our airmen and seamen are being put at risk we don't want them to be put at risk. we want them to have the best advantage they can have in space gives that advantage. we figure out how we maintain that advantage.

we can try to do it by ourselves but that's neither fiscally responsible or resilient. everyone has different weak points. everyone has different vulnerabilities and advantages to be used in different ways. quite frankly they bring with them a sense, a different sense of political dynamic as well as a different kind of resilience dynamic to an equation. we really want to figure out how to ingest commercial space capabilities into an overall architecture.

clearly we have been doing this for years through our medication satellite but that is being done from a standpoint but we don't have enough capability to do that on military medication. if we really want that to be an operationally resilient capability, we not only have to go ahead and use those capabilities, but we need to figure out how to integrate them into true for planning and responsiveness. needs to be a network of operation so we can easily fail from one to medication network to another. similarly, we see remote sensing capabilities in the nation and we buy those images one by one today. if we really want to knit them together into a truly robust, resilient work fighting framework, you have to go ahead and do more than just by images got the figure out how to go ahead and test them cooperatively and processed them simultaneously and how to fuse the information together for many different sources.

not just talking about leveraging these commercial services, were were talking about integrating them. those complement and add to the capabilities and the government we have today, not just the sensors but the ability to fuse that information in new ways and new manners that we would not otherwise think of in a non-government-sponsored arrangement arrangement. we get a diversity of capability , diversity of vulnerability, diversity of cases and diversity of a way of buying that capability rather than what you get from a monolithic approach to a problem which is typically what we have

in space today. we think if we do that and we do that well we can go ahead and create more resilient space capabilities for the war fighters that we have today. some people asked me, couldn't an emissary do the same thing? i typically answer, not easily. the reason is almost all of the space capabilities, the new new space capabilities are almost entirely us-born. we want to keep it that way. we want them to stay in the last of that how do we as a government enable us to get more and more commercial satellite services in these services. that means we have to change policies with regard to licensing to make it easier for people to go ahead and invest in advanced space capabilities within the u.s. that frees up the entrepreneurial spirit that we see in the u.s. and would allow

those new space services to come to the market more quickly, more rapidly, more agile he. we see we see one of the most agile sectors of the market in space servicing missions. that is a capability that the u.s. government would almost never develop and even if we did to be a project that would end after one year we wouldn't fund it. as opposed to if it's done commercially and it comes forward and we can create the right licensing structure, and now becomes a self-supporting capability that we then can go ahead and utilize for government usage. we have to go ahead and figure out a way to integrate these capabilities, not just leverage them. we have have to figure out how to put the policies in place to attract them and we have to figure out away to work with them as they advance and involve and move forward. these are the things we want to do is a government in encouraging the commercial space world to move forward. it's the kind of things we need

to make sure that space services are always available to our war fighters. it can't be taken away because there are too many sources with too many different strong points versus weak points and we can assure our soldiers and sailors the use of space capabilities going into a conflict. i'll stop there i will do more and question-and-answer. >> thank you. next up is scott pace. while doug was able to give us a military perspective, i scott to give us a broader policy perspective. >> why would he talked about this issue, i think one of them is the most interesting problems in international air are those

beyond traditional they're all these areas where we have shared interaction with other countries but no one is claiming sovereignty over those areas. we are faced by a number of pressures against the order we tried to build since world war ii. the institutions that the u.s. helps create in these pressures are coming from state actors are looking to practice traditional spheres of influence, that don't look at some of the rules that we've tried to promote. others, in particular, a case of case of isis which is really a throwback to a pre-form of of government were not even a nationstate but were trying to do something else. so, the way we behave in places like outerspace also reflect how

we behave and think others are going to behave in other shared areas. for example, russian behavior in ukraine and eastern europe, chinese chinese behavior in the south china sea should give us pause about the degree to which we can rely upon them to follow in other areas of international order. there's a thing in the political science world, we talk about signaling in the case of immediate aftermath of world war ii, much to our somewhat resistance, we had to accept the signal that stalin was sending us about what he was going to be doing. in the early days of the falling of the cold war, there was some skepticism of gorbachev but we took the signal that he was sending and absorbed them and found ways to see that their intentions have change because they've undertaken some costly steps. today, again facing some resistance because we like to think that the world is reasonable and americans can work everything out, the signals

we are seeing from russia and china are ones that say they don't buy into the assumptions we've seen. the world is becoming a more dangerous place and how we behave is a cause for concern. if you look up space areas, there's a a tendency to think in terms of stovepipes. us is what the state department is doing, and so on. the u.s. has quite impressive rants of national strength but we don't really act that way and we don't treat it in a more. [inaudible]

the space community, i think what was the question as opposed to an answer to a question. one of the things i try to stay with students is that space policy is a derivative policy. it comes out of u.s. economic and national security and to some extent moral imperatives that what we try to accomplish in space drives from other underlying interest to advance those interests. where our political and economic interest, where are our symbolic interest that we want to model. if you want to be optimistic we have some great assets people thinking about it. the glasses have empty in the sense that we haven't been able to bring it together.

the lack of a clear path after the space station is a very serious threat because we have an international partnership with our closest friends and allies were not able to really say what comes next. you know how long these programs takes over not planning on what comes next, you're planning on going out of business. the chinese are commenting on this they know what will come to an end in 2024 and they will have their station up around then there are open to international partnership. to some extent, that's fine, fine, i don't mind them being in space but i do mind them being up there without me. space is not something where we send our machines always have people for photo opportunities. it's also a reflection of what

we value. the u.s. is the most baseline country in the world, our security, our economy, even our our own self image depend on this. yet we don't treat it quite that way. we are looking at a world where as space becomes more important and we talked about norms of behavior, who's going going to write the rules? who's going to shape that international order in this regime beyond that of traditional sovereignty? the rules are made by the people who show up, not by the people who stay behind. so if we are not partnering with other people and shaping those roles, we are staying behind. many of you know that i am a critic of must of the administrations human space exploration policy. i want to make clear that i think the current national space policy is actually quite good and i would hope that we don't see a dramatic change in it. however, if i could surgically

change one thing about that policy, it would be about human space exploration. not merely because i'm a moon enthusiast, as, as some of you may know, but because the current approach doesn't really provide a lot of opportunity for partnerships with the commercial sector or with international partners, as much as we would like. therefore it lessons our ability to shape and mold the direction of the space environment as we might like. in many ways, it is an old-fashioned space policy which is looking at what can the u.s. due by itself whereby leadership today is about what can we do to get others to do with us. in order to get others to do things with us, we need to have goals and objective that they can partner with us on. so i look forward to discussion not only of how can the commercial sector work in support with the military, but how international partnerships with our security and economic

interests can help shape a global rules -based order that we actually would want to live in rather than the 1i think we are headed toward. thank you. >> now we will shift our last three panelists are all industry related. we will start next with don farms was the vice president of global sales and marketing at boeing systems international and among her many responsibilities, she she does strategic planning for commercial satellite programs. don, if you could give us briefly some perspective from the boeing civil space side and in particular, looking at one of the representatives on the panel that actually builds satellite. that will turn it over to don. >> thank you.

boeing has been in the commercial satellite business for more than 50 years, beginning with the first synchronous satellite that was launched in 1963. since then we have built 170 commercial satellites are 50 different customers, 20 different different nations. it's a very global business. we have also built many numerous government satellites for nasa and military customers. what are those technologies that we might be able to leverage in the commercial sector to the government sector? i think there are many but i will tell you what we are doing in terms of technology development could help find common ground where we can find leverage. one of the most requested requirements from our commercial customers as we go through very strong innovative changes like

never seen before the 25 years i've been in business is flexibility on orbit. what does that mean? everybody wants to future proof their business plan. they want technologies that can morph as business plans change in requirements change. what we have done what we have been doing is developing digital requirements, digital technology this is at the core of many digital payloads. we been with the initial generation one processor. then there was the.com time. where there was soraya from the

middle east, a mobile system and i go safeway. we've have generations of processors to three and four and that we had a system that took on more higher-level processing capabilities. we leverage that over time and the current block to and then we sold commercially. since that time, we have been disrupting ourselves with technology every two years. this is what we need to do, what our customers are demanding. we couple that digital part, the core of that technology and you can virtually change the frequency, change the bandwidth, change the coverage on the ground, move the satellites anywhere and reconstitute the

business plan. that's what were doing commercial space and i have to believe there some application for the government side there as well. other things that we are doing where we can use them on platforms in any frequency, there are spectrum technologies where we are developing the capability to operate very high throughput satellite without noninterference spaces. that's enabling more systems to coexist. just as important as the technology, as we are trying to find ways to use commercial contracting processes with the government side. i feel there's something we can do to simplify the government contracting

processes. : a for five years or the life of the satellite. would be extremely helpful for companies like boeing and other manufacturers who are looking at in technologies. there's only an annual commitment. it's hard to make those strong investments that require capital. we've also heard that the