from and then to influence the economy is the thinking for but the number is in freefall because if banks are being suffocated. and that number rose rough with him a vivid of the fed's power. market f his we need congress to do with. i will leave it there. thinking very much. [applause] >> on the banks of the cape fear river in north carolina a coming up evil saddam with one author who writes about u.s. government led effort to save thousands of vietnamese children before

the fall of saigon. >> operation baby live was any evacuation between two and 3,000 vietnamese children from saigon at the very end of the war the purpose was to remove from of a vienna of the several thousand and that they were viewed as orphans needing to stay somewhere else so the north vietnamese begin the final move into south viet

nam and within six weeks the 30 year war quickly came to an end. and then there were a number of small and larger adoption agencies in vietnam working with children and preparing them for adoption and these agencies decided at that point to get fed children and your care. with the help of the government their range to airlift to evacuate these children. >> united states left vietnam in the early '70s but it took awhile stomach and the north to bring them learn but then baking date

to waste to pullback with this innovation and try to fight in the area they felt most commendable. so the people of this stuff one and they started to flee for runners south. but at 1.favor of the moving towards the east i guess the best way to explain was to

increase chaos and panic with the south vietnamese afraid of what would hurt happen when the communist takeover. at that point there was a hundred thousand displaced children in vietnam so that is a really large number and that is as a result that they were orphans but not able to be raised by their parents. when it became clear the south vietnamese government would collapse, adoption agency in negative traders understood that this was going to be a crisis for their agencies and the children they tried to send for adoption overseas. many were in the adoption pipeline over months and

years but adoption can take a long time to process so they became concerned the children in their care would not end up to go overseas because the government would collapse because they would have to leave them in vietnam for what would happen to them. they began to appeal to the u.s. government to remove the children from the country. said damien his own private airlines. called world airways to bring in a lot of military equipment into vietnam he made a lot of money but also had a concern over children so he flew the postal -- the first planeload so was a big

publicity stunt or doing it because he was concerned for whatever reason to airlift the first group bent to see he had done this on his own not was not legally proper decide to get involved in with that gerald ford decided to begin a more organized evacuation eventually called operation baby left. >> the children who were adopted for the most part going to united states although a significant number went to europe analyst soleil at. many, if not most already scheduled to be adopted by families going to this process for a while already been in the end anybody to

alexian of photographs or the fall of saigon fell helicopter on top of the building people climbing up to get did in the complete chios on negative chaos knows a they did not work in the official -- efficient manner balata of vietnamese parents were so panicked about their children after the communists took over it was to get them adopted overseas and the ability to care for them. so what the children ended up at the last minute by the

entire day got to the u.s. there was the question hollow reed place these children and where will we put them? >> that was dedicated to the baby live was eight galaxy aircraft that it came in to vietnam april 4 for and children were quickly loaded into the plane there were 200 something children loaded on to a cargo jet in the inside of a passenger plane looks like so most of it the bottom part cause like the inside the favor house. there's no way to protect anybody but it is such a

moment of chaos that all were put onto the plane very quickly many children were on the bottom of the plane plus the caregivers and then in the top part of the plane a lot of infants and nurses in people taking care of the sickest children per after that plane took off the we are cargo door blew off. it was a big explosion and the pilots could maintain some control they turn the plane around. there are testimonies from people who were of the top part told us what happened and the fear their rover the ocean at that time. they could turn the plane

around to get back to saigon but they couldn't and the plane crashed in the rice fields outside of saigon. we don't know how many people were killed because we don't know how many were of the plane editing was done in in such a disorganize rush a lot of the papers were destroyed some children survived above but in the cargo area right think everybody was killed and was one heartbreak falling so many already so there was the question briefly if the baby left would continue but the president gerald ford said be lucky going. operation be the lead lasted about three weeks pdf maybe one month april of 1975 when saigon fell there were no

more planes leaving vietnam children in them so with a very short time in very intense during that period something between two and 3,000 children were evacuated. >> following that baby left with the fall of saigon and the months after that, group of lawyers filed the class-action lawsuit on behalf of the children to slow down the process of the adoption to make sure all those children adoed words legally eligible for adoption under the terms of the geneva accord. that lawsuit was eventually thrown out for the good reasons and on the merits of the case because the judge decided these children did not serve as a class-action

lawsuit that they all have to have suffered but there were individual lawsuits that were mostly based on birth parents to give up their children, mostly birth mothers and manage to get out of vietnam themselves in got out as refugees and then they look for their children when they found them there were certain situations with the adoptive families had them for months or a year the and the birth parents filed regain custody saying they had to give them up under wraps in those lawsuits played out. maybe less than 10 they generally ended with the birth parents receiving custody of their children again but they were very complicated and difficult adoptive families mostly

ended up raising these children. >> i have been doing research on the refugee situation in europe and of little east and it is interesting to be learning about that in the context of what happened because there is very little talk about adoption now. the discussion of refugees focuses on keeping families together and if they are orphans been-- seem to be serious efforts to find them somewhere early that day felice syria already have some family members living in europe so lot of times the orphans will live with the cousins and grandparents

and countries in europe. they're not directly thinking of operation baby left but a lot of that has changed with public policy makers and adoption agencies are making an effort to not be passed - - pressed to go into chaos. but there will some children there and that situation in haiti were so bad the children or airlifted in the adoption agency made a process to expedite the process so they go to the family.

that the u.s. government said no. we are not speaking of the process just because of what happened there are still things that need to be done to make sure this is appropriate. , people who read the book to understand these issues of children and families are complicated they cannot be solved easily so we don't make mistakes that cannot be remedied later.

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