if you take the comment that rex tillerson made in confirmation hearing to deny china access to the artificial islands that it has built what is the level of coercion that is necessary to bring that about and are you willing to sign off to that. if answer is yes, okay as long as you understand what the consequence of that. if answer is no, then that's a dumb thing to say because it make use look we can and foolish. qowk watch this and other programs online at booktv.org. ...

in our mobile devices have been silenced or turned off as a courtesy. and for those watching him i'd come out we remain you are welcome at any time to send questions or comments come as simply e-mailing speaker@heritage.org. we will post the program and our heritage home page as soon as today's events are over for your future reference. welcoming our guest is ryan andersen. r. william e. simon senior research fellow and american principles and public policy. he's also the founder and editor of public discourse, the online journal of the western institute in princeton, new jersey. he's the author of truth overruled come in the future of marriage and religious freedom and co-authored with princeton's -- pro-author with

sharif kirkus. the book what is marriage: men and marriage defense. his doctoral degree in political philosophy from the university of notre dame. please join me in welcoming brian andersen. [applause] >> great. thank you, john and everyone for coming. you're really in for a tree. all around us people in power try to deny the obvious. men and women are equal but not the same. basha mcguire has written a timely and important book responding to the drive to abolish male and female. ashley mcguire is a senior fellow at the catholic association preacher writes and speaks with a about freedom, catholicism and freedom. she said cnn, fox, pbs, and the bbc and her writing has appeared in the new york times, "wall street journal," "washington post," "usa today," "time" magazine weekly standard, the

federalist, new york post and the "huffington post." her new book, "sex scandal", explores debates about women in the military and women on the workforce. the campus generates in a policy she explores gender-neutral parenting and gender equitable meaning. mcguire arguments may not shock many people but they come with a trigger warning when delivered on college campuses and perhaps we should issue that morning for booktv. her basic thesis, we best protect women's equality and dignity when we stop trying to make women and men the same. a taste of some of her arguments heard in her new book. this german welcoming, ashley mcguire to the podium. [applause] >> thank you, ryan. thank you very much at the heritage foundation for having me. thank you to my good friend roger serino.

i would like to open with a quote that at least in this new internet world of fakeness is attributed to plato. strange times are these in which we live when old and young are taught the school in a person to tell the truth is called upon to lunatic and a fool. i suspect most of you are here today because you're interested in perhaps the reality that it has become anathema to speak the truth about sex if not the sex and most people immediately think of when they hear the words, it demarcates male and female, two of the most patently obvious and self-evident realities and tiny memorial. that right there has become a matter of national scandal, one that continues to play out daily. in just a few short weeks since i book has come out, countless examples make headline news has confirmed just how askew our society has found itself when it comes to reality. the week my book was released, the boy scouts announced it will

essentially go coed by allowing members of either biological sex to participate. to quote their ceo, we realize that referring to birth certificate as a reference point is no longer sufficient. when i heard this come i wondered how long until the girl scouts were pressured to go in the same direction. only to learn after a brief research that the girl scouts had already announced that biological boys could participate if they self identified as girls. the following week, the british medical association published guidelines for employers suggesting that the phrase expect mother was not inclusive enough and proposed in that the phrase pregnant people in addition to suggesting people use the phrase chest beating instead of breast-feeding, but someone be offended by the fact that many men and only women can bear and birth children. this may seem laughable in their terms in the wake of an alliance of north america introducing the

phrase birthing individual into the lexicon. when the alliance received angry blowback from some feminists such as iconic feminist midwest item at gaskin, one writer described himself as an expectant parent amended the "huffington post" is some women have the audacity to assert that only women have the ability to give birth and such capacity is what women should celebrate about themselves. a few days later the iconic doll company familiar no doubt every young woman in this room, american girl comic came out with its first-ever doll that the boy or at least looks like a boy. one woman on the website praised the company for making greater strides towards inclusivity because goodness for bed that little girl have a corner toy industry all to themselves. one more example currently making headline is come in the still unfolding scandal of new photo sharing a female marine.

as npr recently reported, the pentagon is investigating the image sharing and the past 20 hours, pbs news in business have reported members of the u.s. military were involved in the more cavities. the online bulletin board to either share or solicit good or explicit notice and ideas of women in the military. a visit to one of the sites friday confirmed it was still active for just a day or two ago. and each of these examples, one in particular get the short end of the gender-neutral stick. underage girls are potentially endangered by policy to places than in close quarters potentially overnight with boys and certainly in the case of the boy scouts, adult men. pregnant women are an offense for celebrating essential contribution to perpetuating humanity. a company called american girl is not inclusive of it does not also market to boys and women in armed forces are systematically degraded and violated in the aftermath of the pulitzer military policy then it loaded

up in noncombat roles to women and enforcing the marines to make a thin fitness boot camp coed. we have indeed become completely scandalized by sex and in my book i argue it is women of the most to lose in the world marching onwards towards general neutrality. contrary to popular opinion can equal treatment does not yield equal outcomes rather it almost always has the effect of disempowering women by holding them to mail standards against which we are almost always doomed to fail. in the remainder of my time if i could do for things. take a step back and talk about language of the debate and gender wars. i would then like to get three of the most powerful examples of what happened to women in the world that denies sex and i would like to speak recently about how it is they got to this place in the bit about why i think there's no cause for hope. as george orwell put it, i thought corrupts language, language can corrupt thought. one word has heard is usually corrosive effect on thinking

surrounding sex in surrounding sex and that word is gender. i'm asked often about the difference between the mean of sex and gender and it basically boiled down to this. sex means something. gender means nothing. sex has a definition, a uniform and you can find in any medical text book or scientific resource. it means male and famous to buy one's chromosomes and. full stop. the definition of gender on the other hand is sent to give and gender identity is struggling to pin down. i could be the example of facebook which in 2015 experimented with moving away from the boring but scientifically straightforward choice is a male or female or the social media platform expanded to offer 70 something selections that included choices like gender danny boy into spirit. facebook was not expect dean to get raked over progressive calls for the inclusive gesture rather than praise, the company encouraged endless criticism

failing to include this gender or that can eventually winding up replacing all the options with the simple fill in the blank which eventually became other. one professor addressed the question of how to put down boundaries around the meaning of gender and expensive number of choices when science is no longer relevant. the route once we assert the problem with gender as we currently recognize only two of them, the obvious question to ask is how many genders we have to recognize in order to not be oppressive. how many possible gender identities are there? the only consistent answer to this is 7 billion give or take. there is many possible gender identities as there are humans on the planet get gender can be music is the jupiter are pure dark nest. your gender can be pizza. what becomes of women and a world where we have the same legal status as pete? i'm going to read briefly from

the opening of my chapter on the military. which i think highlights what happens. in february 2010, then secretary of defense robert gates announced the name of that long-standing ban on female sailors serving the board submarines. the men had been permitted to serve ships for more than a decade but suddenly presented a unique challenge to the navy's ongoing integration efforts. very cramped quarters, minimal privacy and choice as long as three months at sea. the navy was worried that a group of men and women and a small metal tube underwater for threes trademark might cause less than ideal things to transpire between the sexes. that's exactly what happened. the uss wyoming is one of the first summer is to bring women's tailors on lord and one of the first to submarines to see a woman receiver dolphin and become a submarine officer. dudley women follow suit in the navy proudly announced that sex integration was smooth sailing.

in 25th to the rumor began circulating aboard the uss wyoming with nearby uss west virginia was that videos were being found about the whale made pretty from investigation confirmed the truth. a ring of male soldiers and sailors collaborating to film female sailors in the showers and share videos with fellowship men. this is not just a one-time prank that went viral. this was a calculated a collaborative effort that implicated dozens of men who stood guard and covered one another while they use and electronic devices that ipad. on one patrol report later revealed every single women aboard the uss wyoming was filmed every single time she took a shower. the incident should've been a shocking wake-up call for senior military officials had women were systematically violated for months on end because the policy agenda built on blindness difference toward long-standing

barriers designed to protect both women and the integrity of the navy paper rather than hit the pause button, the media gave the perpetrator a slap on the wrist and pressed towards his next goal, integrating nuclear powers and eventually submarines. in an even worse timing of, then defense secretary ash carter announced the pentagon would be opening every combat role to women and forces were not excluded in the process had to begin in 30 days. even more stunning, secretary carter referred to gender integration in submarines as an example of previous success in the department. he failed to mention the ongoing media fallout about the showers fighting. the marines resisted the note not because they were is, but because they had actually spent time in tens of millions of dollars of tax they are money studying what happens in combat units. the findings were devastating for proponents of sex

integration. gender units performed worse than all the other ones by significant margins in every single match or. overall, million is fared better 69% of the time in area speed which considered one of the two most important metrics for combat readiness all the male squadrons were faster than mixed sex squadrons in every single tactical movement. all-male units were noticeably more accurate in their aim with every single weapons system. the male units engage targets more quickly and scored morehead in mixed gender ones. the study even found the male infantry with no formal rifle training for greater accuracy than women who had raised the formal training. but the study went beyond measuring the inaccuracy and consider the physical impact of placing women into combat roles alongside men. those findings were equally dead as dating. women in the study suffered injuries at a staggering six times the rate of male

counterpart could not only were women more likely to develop an entry related to the growing work there also is low at giving edge batteries after the battlefield concerning the soul. on female marine pointed out the high stakes involved and i quote her sane many questions wetherington a few not athletes in the nfl, nba, mlb, nhl consider it. olympic athletes are the elitist are the elitist elite. on questions by women compete against the men and mendicants then. she goes on to say their great achievements but five submissions are on the line. in a world you don't get bumped up the medal stand. you could die or get someone else killed. for murmuring tom nevin put it more bluntly. the only possible outcome of the policy is more dead marines. in short, women are now given an equal opportunity to fight on every front line. we know that they have an unequal chance of surviving without injury. two more examples of how a sex

blind society affects one's approach harm to women. the next is the modern college campus result labeled by cnbc has one of the most dangerous basis for women in america. they suggest however this has something to do with coed housing which has long become annoying to most college campuses. something like 90% of college parents of america are coed. many buy hallway, many by bathroom and increasingly many by room. schools are actually trending towards coed dorm rooms despite playing statistics published by room federal government that in 201474% of all reported at college, 82% have reported on campus and 53% of what they termed on campus farmland have been in student housing. another extensive study conducted over the course of a decade on and sexual assault in massachusetts found that 81% of

reported assaults took place in the door and with just 9% in-house apartments in a stunningly low 4% in fraternities. and yet schools are pressing order to even more sex integration, often were seen in even the most private is racist. and the example of harvard university which in the are not the former president larry summers daring to propose there is some aspects of maleness in femaleness that are not social constructs. this is not a gender equity campaign that sought in part to address the campus sub one issue the time to be punished with a purpose driven single sex clubs. the school had an equal number of such clubs for males than females. given fitness clubs would be ineligible for things like school endorsement or scholarships and sports teams captain seats. the school was not prepared for the response which included

hundreds of female students, many of them that dems have sexual assault, angrily marching through campus claiming the school is taking a face they think i'm launching a twitter campaign with the hash tag such as the fault is not our fault and hear her harvard. the school's reaction was to call the women discriminatory by issuing a public statement with condescension. change is difficult and often met initially by opposition to that was certainly true with assets through a gender barriers at harvard and yet few today would reverse those and controversial decisions. we continue to believe gender discrimination has no place on harvard campus. in other words, women are sexist for demanding single spaces even when they have been assaulted on account of their. or as one of my favorite columnists at harvard graduate naomi schaefer riley put it, harvard told women to go where the rape are. the last example is gross and

women's sports because it implicates title ix and demonstrate the legal erasure of women under the mantra of equality. ernest sandler, the godmother of title ix called the legislation that she helped to draft the most important step for gender equality since the 19th amendment gives women the right to vote. title ix which prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex, not gender helped pave the way for women's sports which created opportunities for millions of women and girls. its passage cited 1079% increase in female participation in sport which didn't take away from boyz ii men sports which grew by 22% in that name. you bolt all generations of girls such as myself have since grown up its hearings in athletics as a means to build self-esteem, leadership skills, friendships and for some it have to scholarships in a lucrative confessional opportunity.

title ix was designed to correct for a medical opportunities for women were no sports team is offered for it grows she could play with the boys in schools had boys in schools had to prove they were making a good-faith effort to investigate laden boat boys and girls sports. but now under the gender regime title ix is being co-opted to permit ways to play a girls sports teams, too. the phenomenon but mostly unnoticed until 2011 when the high school senior will take his competed in the gross win the massachusetts. he won the 50-yard freestyle or is and broke the record with time that would not have even qualified him to compete in the same race in the boys division. the lead paragraph of a "boston globe" article covered the controversy was orwellian. the governing body with athletics in massachusetts is taking a closer look at the controversy surrounding mixed gender swim teams and will soon address the issue of boys

beating gross seven records. although his competed on a different high school girls swim teams in massachusetts and several of the boys qualified to compete at the state level. as the globe summed up the situation, athletic officials are limited in what they can do in the eyes of massachusetts interscholastic athletic association, there's no stopping western compete in a grocer in teams because state law mandates equal access to sports for both genders. if a boy wants to seven there's no program offered at a school, he is allowed to some of the girls. the same issue came up for debate in pennsylvania in 2013 prompted by a surge of boys and girls sports teams. one survey conducted by the pennsylvania interscholastic athletic association found approximately 30% of schools reported having boys on the gross sports team even parents of girls began to protest the state dug in its heels taken the position that gender equity in

sports means blandest of difference. pennsylvania then attorney general said athletic equity is required by the pennsylvania equal right amendment and the era will not allow borrowing boys from participating or playing on pro sports teams. just as they will not allow girls from participating from boy sports teams. the general counsel for the pennsylvania interscholastic athletic association sends the issue up at the series of questions. when equal treatment creates fundamentally unequal and unfair competition should gender blind equity trumps fairness? also with boys and girls can without limitation play sports designated for the other gender, does there remain any legitimacy in having teams classified by gender? if not, should the classification be merged and all things considered coed and not a limitation at which the masuda place? such an approach would devastate athletics at the high school level and is not a realistic or

practical action hero. i haven't even gotten to the question of biological males who self identify as female from both teams are the issue we saw last week of the biological female who self identifies as a boy taking male hormones of performance-enhancing drugs and competing against grows as they are. i don't need to because it's obvious in every single scenario, gross sports loses out. how did we get to this brave new world? how did we reach the point where they go serbian from classrooms for gender equity reasons were father daughter dances are canceled for being on an elusive and politicians seriously consider making america's daughters registered for the service. where they are fighting in court to bar biological males from entering and where not every rape is that gender motivated

crying. cash, dr. lude for using his authority over to systematically assault her. this indeed is one of the most common questions i get, how did we get here? i argue that this has been unfolding before us for decades. they trace the origins all the way back to the revolution the second wave feminists began arguing maleness of the monastery socialist constructs that the differences between them are the source of social inequity. if women could eradicate what makes us different from man, we will have achieved social equality with men they thought. this mentality gave us contraception, the hookup culture and abortion to name a few and get the problem with this thinking was from the get-go it assumed there was something inherently flawed about women and the male mold with the ideal against which all things should be measured. this i argue in the book has had the effect of empowering then all the more an object defined

integrating women. don't believe me? try a free quote from one man, curly salt or fast hugh hefner. in an interview, he said the major beneficiaries of the revolution permitted them to be natural be that men are. that is where feminism should have been all law. unfortunately, within feminist and there has been a period in prohibitionist element that is anti-factual. the antidote to puritanism peered in the 1950s and 60s, still states that outlaw birth control so i started pending court cases to challenge that. at the same time, i helped sponsor the lower court cases that eventually led to rove the way. i was a feminist before they receive in such a thing as feminism. as part of the history very few people now. now the logical extremes of the argument that her biological random acts and an all perceptible differences between

in particular the reproductive differences are arbitrary and socialize. we are on the final frontier of this logic is the author of a fourth coming book bring down the binary put in an article, the ultimate goal of the ultimate goal to generate a new movement is to demolish the entire binary structuring of the world. this is the real struggle. but is that possible? in my book i conclude on a more positive note pointing to the fact even a society on one hand is trying so hard to deny reality and is too widespread androgyny eddie. on the other hand, recognizing difference perhaps more today than ever before. in the field of medicine, for example, scientists, doctors and researchers realize they've only had the tip of the iceberg when it comes to understanding how important sex is to get medicine. pharmaceutical companies, for example have learned they must include men and women in drug

trials. as the female and male bodies react completely differently to the same drug. in popular culture the gender of no party is all the crazed and we expect parents to make a big to do it either at a party or in social media about the sex of their unborn child. the internet most visited parenting website, db center, experienced a 900% increase in threats on gender rebel parties in just one year. and when six-month stretch from the youtube saw larger increase in gender revealed videos uploaded to the site. single sex education is making a major combat. in 2004, only 34 single sex public schools in america. in 2014, the number has exploded to 850 and that does not include private and parochial schools or colleges. even some toys are getting the gender makeover weslaco recently introduced and they goes taylor to girls only to see the line become one of their best-selling, tripling sales

overall in a given progress towards closing the much dreaded cat. the disney castles that a death star for girls and a 4080 p. step towards gender equality, the kind that would make a girl scream uncontrollably on christmas morning. in many cases, women are unsurprisingly the drivers are more basic such as women only gyms, female only shared working spaces and even recreational opportunities like women only ski clubs. sociologist just began to wonders in the different ways to mitigate the work horse in society for the good of all. bill gates attributed his fortune in the world to women in his life and in the piece for "new york times" entitled why men need women come a sociologist at them or documents positive ways women influence men. my personal favorite was male

ceos pay their employees less on average than their first point no-space-on but more of their firstborn girl. the reality reality is to put one of the most complex celebrities in hollywood, beyond a carter golf that humanity requires both land and women equally important and need one another. men and women complement each other in essential ways and we need be threatened by what makes us different. to the contrary, the authentic quality between the sexes that so many on both sides of the debate are seeking is only to be found by starting with recognizing, accepting and celebrating what makes us different. as the timeless adage goes. thank you. [applause] i think now i am happy to take questions anyone might have. [inaudible] >> thank you.

my question is, we do take it for granted that they're a natural differences between men and women. how would you argue that against someone on the other side because it seems like every different to point to it seems natural, they can say is just engineered by society no matter what difference, how would you respond to that? thank you. >> is start by saying a lot of the emerging research is finding that the differences are not at least entirely socialized. to go back to the sex versus gender thing, the word gender originated to describe a certain aspect of our lived experience of men and women that are socialize. to give an example in our culture men don't wear skirts, but in other cultures they do. that is an example of something that socialize, but so does not get to the core of being a man or women. in a book i give an example of this eddie that came out right

before my book was going to price about toys. a study conducted at the university of london city center and they found they were doing studies on babies as young as nine old. when you put a truck for a cooking pot in front of a girl and a boy, the boy over whether they went forward to gender toy in the same thing applied to the girls. scientists who had absolutely no skin in the political game, even they said this shows very clearly there are certain aspects of our sex that is not socialized. i would actually encourage people to go and read the speech that got larry summers fired because he goes into this a lot as well. he talks a lot about the research, especially boys and girls, but find i guess there are certain aspects of culture that our social and he talks about, for example, women not expelling at least enable levels, certain high-level

because that sort of innate differences between men and women, especially women's desire, which has been documented extensively by the pew foundation to spend more time with their kids. certainly you can look within maleness and femaleness and find a whole spectrum of lived experiences. there is still at the end of the day pat might obvious and biological differences that anybody in the medical field will tell you are immutable. the phrase that i kept coming across as something that mayo clinic uses to talk about sex. they are with you from the moment of inception to the moment of your dad and those are the deeper chromosomal, hormonal reproductive realities. now we are actually trying to deny real. >> my question is when we talk about the nuclear family and importance of father figures, how can we protect women and

unique contributions to the society blossomed our fathers and tell them they have an important role to play society. >> well again, i think this is where some sociologists are making important contributions like brad wilcox and others like him who are finding first of all the effects on children of growing up without one of the other. obviously, the mark on the barrio is children going up without others. society is actually starting to celebrate the idea of a single mother. i think this gets back to what i was talking about but the revolution. the idea we celebrate something that women are doing that men used to do, which is overwhelmingly be providers for their family. for some, when the number came out that four in 10 households are run by single mothers, does a celebratory moment for certain strains of feminism because they saw women replacing men. but the reality is you don't

even have to look far at all to find extremely well documented research about the effect on women, raising children without a father. definitely on children growing up without one or the other, especially girls growing up without fathers. but more and more evidence is coming out. if you start to read the news with this in your mind, you will see every day some article that men who are raising families without a woman in their life are more prone to depression. so clearly, relying on the huge body of research that is out there that shows the social cost to both sexes and the children of this. but also i think sort of celebrating the distinct roles of authors and others. that is still very much possible and is postmodern world where you have any number of

arrangement for both couples may be working full time. you may have a stay-at-home dad, stay at home mom. i think instead a sort of eating threatened by that as conservatives it is important to us ... realize even all those different areas, there is still at the end of the day distinct contributions that men and women are making in their homes. >> first of all, i think you are really harsh to peep that. >> on a serious note, i want to ask, which are opinion on any of these -- let me back up. some of your statements about an opposition to these constructs of gender identity was a sound vagaries. would your opinion of any of those issues change if there was more specificity to a two d. gender identity? in other words, if a student had

a note from a therapist, advice or opinions from a count letter, he got his note that stated that they had recognized medical condition of gender identity dysphoria, would that change any of your opinion on those issues? do not publicly not. for many reasons. one, i don't dispute the reality of gender dysphoria. i think that's a real medical condition and i'm certainly not a psychologist or psychiatrist. i don't dispute that is the real thing. as somebody who spent the better part of my adolescence wishing i was a boy because i didn't identify with what i saw her what i perceived a sort of social constructs regarding femininity. what's more likely to be in the politics club with the guys and wasn't super into things. but i'm really glad those sort of psychologist or.driver pushing in that direction.

are increasingly hearing stories of parents whose children for one reason or another have wound up in some sort of psychology. i've read that psychologist now cannot -- i think they are not even allowed to serve as therapeutically treat that situation. in other words, if a seven-barrel of says i'm a boy, they have to run with that. i'm a little concerned that some of these medical assist haitians can get clinically hijacked. they talk a lot about other things that i think the medical doctor community are signing off on that are not okay such as plastic surgeries and young girls they don't have to do with gender dysphoria, but other things like that. i certainly think there is a real need to be sort of charitable and our approach to people going through that. and recognizing that it's a very hard and difficult thing to go through. especially when it comes to children, i get very

uncomfortable. i just think childhood is a hallmark of childhood is confusion and that is a natural and normal name and i think we are not going to help children by essentially encouraging that confusion, especially when we give that sort of stamp of the medical community. i hope that answers your question. >> yes, my name is cameron. i'm a pakistani spectator. my question is senses is the subject, do you think president trump would issue an executive order that more federal funds should be used, what other people believe. as a taxpayer i seem offended that a money is getting through just because somebody is confused. i don't want to waste if that

person wants to do it, more power to him, but the dollar should be used for that purpose. the question is again come into thing donald trump can issue an executive order about this? thanks. >> i think it's conceivable. one thing president trump has made clear his eliminate wasteful government spending. i can see that falling into that category. >> my name is tom booth. i am a special forces operator could i spent eight years and i'm a combat veteran as well. i'm still heavily plugged into this community and real concerns, special qualification courses erratically is open for women to attend. the problem is in excess of 100 pounds, i would 190-pound and there's all sorts of other ways.

you're looking at a composited at 320 pounds. when i go down, the woman sitting next to me is a very woman, but there's no possibility she could get me away from gunfire. then there's the other physical things that go with it. special operations right now carrying a period we are the ones taking casualties and syria, iraq and afghanistan. the rest of the military standing down. they are sent to places to meet the worst people. it's high stress and an ugly world we live in. where is the sanity to this? why do we have to force this down our throats and how does this raise combat effect goodness? how does that help us? you think there's any potential the military was stop the nonsense fairly soon? >> well, thanks for your question and thank you for your service. i think it is certainly possible and i think you raise a lot of the issues. i was sort of shocked when i was

doing research on a chapter in the military as to how many active members of the military were speaking out against what was happening, which was uncommon for a big part of military which is staying in line and not questioning things. it was clear that there was a lot of chinese going on about all of this. i think the military is a good example. i talked to a lot of people in the military and many of them made the argument that women can't rise in the ranks of the military unless they have combat variant and that this is an in holding women back. and so, i think rather than trying to force them into deep names that on average, certainly there are women who are exceptions to the norm but they are extremely rare. in this study the marines did, the women they chose, they sort of selected an average range of performance for men for the

study that shows the top 1% of women. even those women still spoke out because i believe lewis ash carter -- i think he was brave minister said the study had been rigged and they hadn't chosen to stand up women and the women were like you say, i am a standout woman in a consulting and everyone was insulted at the idea of this study was rigged. but i was interested because they looked at not just the military, the fire fighting and police. firefighting has a similar issue as it will carry combat, which is basically the quality you most need his physical strength and the ability to carry somebody wanted off the field, the ability to fire a generous weapon with extreme heat. things women struggle to do. not just that, but by pushing women into these roles, putting them at greater risk because we

know their bodies can't sustain carrying around the pack in the firefighting chapter i talk about women going through the training and winding up on disability because it was so hard on their bodies to carry around all the secret in. contrast that to other types of first responders such as police, were soon as you give them a gun, they are sort of on an equal playing field with an assailant and that so much of what policing is about is the escalating violence which relation, skills were women bring something to the table and then don't. i talk about the fact that a lot of people said maybe the solution to our problem with police brutality is getting more women in there. they know if it is me again than 250-pound guy, just like a physical fight, he's going to be precise i to be precise i accuse my way to talk him out of this situation. but i do think it was general mattis who is very outspoken against all of this.

i certainly think his reservations about what was happening were shared and i think this photo scandal is really getting the attention of even the left-wing media about wait a minute, maybe we are accelerating too fast with this. i think it is unfair to women at the end of the day to say you are not in equal soldier with a man unless you can perform the most sort of extremely rigorous goals achieved in the military, not all men are physically qualified to do. we are holding women soldiers to the highest, most macho males younger, which is setting them up to fail, setting them up to be more likely to be insured, more likely to die and potentially risking everybody's lives as well as military readiness. so i think it is certainly possible that this administration will take a closer look at the really rapid

changes that happened to the military. >> dude you have a recommendation for this state and for the schools and for the athlete involved? the female school wrestlers try and become a male taking drugs, give him an unfair advantage, but has to compete as a female. i know i was disturbed as a baseball fan that athletes get an unfair advantage was there with. what is your evaluation of the? >> well, i certainly think there should be hard and fast rule about biological sexes competing

with each other. i have a whole section on this in the book. it is interesting to see that a lot of left-wing feminists agree with that, especially when it is sort of pioneer female athletics because they can see the argument for having women's sport resolves really fast as it is sex is not a valid category for essentially separating sport in terms of teams. i mean, the case of the wrestler is interesting. people got confused the ipad is a biological male competing against other females producing other cases of this indifference toward, but this is a biological female taking i think these athletic and touche and already have rules against taking performance-enhancing drugs. i feel it the rules are already

in place to be that we'll them onto the land about everybody take performance-enhancing drug and let them play whatever team they want, which is the direction we are going for observe the rules we are to have in place and not to me as sort of the simple solution to that. >> ken burns, cnn press. is this problem specific to the united states or is it an international problem of cross cultural problem? >> in terms of legal and social policy, i certainly know and a lot of western countries urc similar issues crop up. i'm not sure quite to the colorful degrees c. in the united states. i give an example of the british medical assist haitian also

falling prey to some of this pc sensitivities about how we talk about right now than in. so i really cannot miss it to that. i don't have the best answer to your question, but i think it is certainly permeating much of the sort of western world if you will. >> based on this argument, how would you reconcile the need to recognize these biological difference is between men and women and the potential outcomes of that? but the struggle and movement for equality of opportunity. like so, the argument that you make is great. one potential fallout i can see in places like saudi arabia, one justification for women not being able to drive a car is women are more prone to their own. i could see some potential downfalls there, too. >> that's a good and interesting question.

one thing you see in the united states and some of these quests for social equality being undercut by gender neutrality. i'll start with out first. i'll give the example of ivanka trump and the paid maternity leave plan. she got raked over the coals because it actually emphasize women. in fact, i think it was just about women, the plan she had proposed. a lot of people were very angry with her that it didn't offer equally for fathers and mothers. she was like well, what women go through is different than white men go through and just saying that was hugely controversial. almost all of these women's magazines and they just went after her for that to the point that i think she was a little flustered, like why am i even defending this reality. what was interesting was that not long before that, said he had come out that found in a

university setting, when you offer male professors and female professors identical paid leave, it actually hurts women, which makes them because essentially all you are really doing is just like haiti and everybody a little bit more while keeping everything equal in society. women physically, emotionally are much more vulnerable for a long time after childbearing, especially doing things like breast-feeding, things like that. he gives them a leg up because they are getting six months time off, but they are not breast-feeding. they are probably not giving as much as the women. they certainly not still struggling to walk around, things like that. so i think actually a lot of the issues that are considered more progressive quest for equality between men and women are not attainable, especially even the

idea of not being able to discriminate against women for getting pregnant. if we can even say pregnant woman, how are they going to be able -- this is actually where they see left-wing feminist lineup of social conservatives in agreement that we are all concerned about the status of women in the world where it's not a valid category. what happens to ivanka. it's a crazy question but not. the reason rape is considered such a heinous crime is because one sex taking the other is particularly egregious. to give an example of the judge making this weird, i'm not sure what she meant, but a guess at what we are all concerned about obviously cases of sexual assault by men against men, but certainly rape is a one-way street. but is it in a world where we

are all the same? so to your point about saudi arabia, we have deserted differentiate between -- that's an example of i think a lot of people get concerned about you just want to take us back to the 1950s where we have these gender roles and women were excluded from all of this place is. the reality is we have to understand that things about it that are actually the same, which is our intelligence, our ability to make political choices, ability to contribute to civil society, participate in civil society. we do that in different ways, but at the end of the day there certain different baseline rights that have to be in place for us to equally contributed no-space. that is recognizing what is the same about us which there certainly category of things that are the same about us. i would say that there is certainly a broad section of

qualities about a that are quite different. and require society to recognize that in order for men should not be able to oppress women. any other questions? i want to make one more point about your question about socialization and gender because i do actually think if you're talking about the princess culture and how i think there certain aspects of socialization that people aren't comfortable with for good reason. when i go back and forth in my mind is how much of that is sort of can to verizon and corporate is done. it doesn't matter exactly which you asked, but i don't want to say is totally on their to always be concerned about sort of external pressures on boys than girls to be a certain way. for example, it's kind of funny my cover is a barbie because i don't let my daughter play with barbies. i don't like arby's.

i know barbie has tried to remake itself and redo the body so it's not a completely warped image of a woman. that's not to say i was stopped by daughter from play with dolls or the disney culture right thing a lot of parents are vigilant about this and this is interest in permissive social conservatives on left-wing feminist. social conservatives might not like seeing the sort of sexuality, especially the way females in disney are increasingly portrayed as damsels in disguise and we see the same thing on the left. but then i never let my daughter seemed frozen in. i don't even understand she knows all the words, has addressed, has the doll. i think there's this sort of innate inclination for girls to celebrate their individuality and that tends to manifest into the print is culture, but then there's aspects of it at the

princess culture is a multi-billion dollars industry. it is hard to escape his parents. this is just to say that i think raising questions about, but does not mean you are raising questions about should girls be able to dress as a princess or the other way around. that was another thought that i had. >> lease join me in thanking ashley. [applause] [inaudible conversations]