to show that he said joe corruption and of identity politics. >> thanks for your time. >>. >> welcome to this special evening on behalf of the seal will cabby year today unfortunately they are here in spirit fake you for attending with the chief

program officer so tonight the event is a special event under the auspices of the jewish diplomatic corps to and from young professionals and those members here are a part of that network acting in the field of public diplomacy we're all passionate of those causes of the jewish people to speak up on behalf that represent them. so tonight's event is from the anti-israel agenda to beat to demise israel with those ways to combat and

we're very happy we have a special guest speaker here tonight so of 84 being here today. the with the jewish diplomatic corps also that new book and alex will take the floor from here and i will introduce him first originally bore it kiev ballet providence speaker and the media contributor of the arab-israeli conflict

serves as the spokesman currently the director of public affairs at the executive council and then to bring together some of the finest minds of the israeli conflict with a review of how at has shifted with the global and local mostly in the corridors of power from what i personally experienced as well and i will hand over the floor to alex to give his remarks. >> 84 that lovely introduction it is an honor to be here in new york at the world jewish congress with the diplomatic arm of the jewish people.

my wife is back in australia allowing me to come and launched the book on either side of the world was she is back with two infant children. also my appreciation to those who contributed to the book. thanks to my friends and colleagues of the jewish diplomatic corps and that is part of organizing this evening. and also and then to think the ambassador with the generosity and fortunate to

have that later that i would like to convey my appreciation to help launch my book with in the defense of israel. as a selfless leader in devotion so as we have heard to bring together some of the finest minds with chapter by chapter with the trade unions and the church has been gradually appropriated so this book for the very first time with the depth and the breath to do it through political means and they can no longer

defend its interests. and with that children and as it perfectly legitimate question to cross between the ted -- the twin towers promptly arrested by n.y.p.d. as they thrust them into their face parker said this is something that you have to do. as a jew born into the soviet union.

to suffer institutional racism for pro the was born a block away to take my first deaths in now with bin justice. so what is this political war? with those several chapters that we saw on the screen a few moments ago. the passage of the resolution before that israel was invaded with yom

kippur war. with a great transformative battle before the most part the underlying condition of belligerence the legitimacy that remains after that. more those arab sat brushoff with no recognition in negotiations. so so much so a few months later it was day encounter those terrible for all involved to shatter any semblance of stability. nor did it relinquish any territory.

it was not a mere aberration and. and it could not be regained by force. in to negotiate that camp david forced in exchange for the territories as enshrined in the u.s. security council jordan followed suit with the recognition but that loss was a catastrophe and was a monumental betrayal and then to internationalize

and with that organization where is the sole legitimate representative and then to observe that status to the united nations with those palestinians on to the world stage to be effective and coherent to permeate through levels of government so what were they seeking? it was really clear to have the seat at the table. now zionism will get out. with the resolution with a national immigration movement of the jewish people u.s. representative to the u.n. sold would have

given the appearance of legitimacy. that event with that blueprint has been waged ever since. so that is a symbolic victory. and then nothing changes. so zionism and racism so for british universities on the basis they are a zionist but that did not end with the general assembly.

and also meeting the african nations. so this relies on momentum. with that palestinian agenda to create that endless opportunity. that is the the great leap forward. holding in south africa. showing how that could be taken to be to the campus and the newsroom in every forum that with our lives the presence of vision of groups for different reasons

could be organized civil society with a truly global campaign. to show that power and influence of the national human rights to that extent with regret partiality. in this was evident from the circulating copies so we see the of legacy with the pride march in chicago to exclude jews firsthand talking about colonel richard kemp and within minutes they were

starved by the anti-israel activist because of the previous support of israel. and then to suffer abuse said intimidation. with the durban conference with the sanctions movement that is after durban then reprinted as the palestinian led civil society initiative and then to boycott israel and then free of the israeli apartheid. we see the legacy exist with the million members when the mennonite church wants to

divest from israel to join the presbyterians for those mainline churches that have started to divest. with conventional warfare to have no end to grab victory from defeat the way the children attend those political parties that we choose to support my book does not tell a happy story with those institutions that it covers. and they are capable to the the believe in the jewish backdrop it is composed of

the culture. that is why the british and ship is critical the anti-israel movement which is why they focus on targeting the jewish youth and generally exaggerate the agenda with the discord in the jewish world, for those forms that become cost dial to israel. and for this reason to pull from the collaboration in my view would be entirely self-defeating so without us

any dissenting opinion in fact, the opposite needs to happen with grassroots and financial support in particular with those organizations. i think you again for being here this evening to tell the launch this book is my relief the acceptance of the jewish state will not be complete until treated as equal. maliki is secure way to secure the rights of the jewish people. [applause] >> we hope many people will read your book we have a very special guest here tonight we're honored he is

here to do speak with us of a leader of the israeli opposition member of the knesset's to have the very long history of public service on behalf of the jewish people of the state of israel and also the chief rabbi and also is an attorney by profession serving as the government secretary and then elected to the knesset in 2003 and the labor party but during his political career said does the minister of housing and construction as well as

the anti-semitism again the minister of welfare and social services and in that political riga became elected leader of the labor party of which he has been since in the lives of thurgood three kyd said to live beef. we're pleased to have you here it is a great honor and we look forward to your remarks. >> first i would like to say thanks to our host of the jewish congress agree respect one of the great jewish leaders of our times

also thank you to express my gratitude and i.m. very honored and i did read the book alex think it is excellent and it gives the exact picture of the bell logo and we are talking about there are some terms that you use that i will try to fine tune later on because you have to differentiate between objecting to the cause and the legitimate political debate you cannot have a legitimate argument in that international community. we know that but you cannot disagree with the mir existence of the state of

the jewish people so what we have seen there is us saying that every january -- generation stands in this battle. so we can combat this first and foremost, to have a very strong jewish organized efforts and here i refer to winston churchill entering politics in manchester with a constituency and he writes in his memoir he was extremely impressed actually intrigued him how jewish society takes care of people's lives until death and how the communities are organized if he think about

it correctly this is the role of the jewish people to work together to combat the outside threat in the '70s it was zionism the fight against the creation of the state of israel but isolda save so first i will say about this famous battle even seen here in the movie. but my late father had an incredible career who was born in ireland and born in ireland and became the chief rabbi of palestine my father cave in the 30's and then

went to study law in cambridge. and joined the british army when the war started with the battle of britain he joined the army not knowingly out his term to participate in an urban me and then to finish the war as a commander in germany and one of the occupiers and then went back to palestine to join the army to be created in the ranks of general with the israeli military intelligence and all his life with these experiences with that battle

ground that we have seen on the tenth of november 1975. said the opening of this speech started by what was told to my father at that time he was a survivor one of the first british officers to enter and he told my dad remember that is how the speech started the battle lasted for over read decade with those arab states with the palestinian national movement that started in the '60s then they decided the way to contain and undermine israel

to have that legal effect wherever maybe to have everything to do with the international convention and though was against the state's. so two years after the yom to pour more in the communist bloc the ending of the resolution was created through waves of the international this course came to my father through his father led in jerusalem and against those ordinances and regulations trump said jewish midday prohibiting them to immigrate to their agent homeland which was

palestine did my grandfather tore up the white paper of that title and a crowd of thousands so those were the experiences which led to that unique state by experts worldwide is one of the best speeches of the 20th century but the speech itself that i put on the mail to send to you is it incredible defense speech on behalf of the jewish people what zionism is all about so i would mention my family in this context it number one was my uncle said director general and his claim to favor was 1963 in a public

debate which he had called for as serving as ambassador of israel to canada one of the few living historians at the time who had claimed that israel is a racist date so might all go invited him to an open debate and that took place at the university in montreal. and one of those young students was the professor as well as those who were influenced all their life and basically he crashed in that debate which is then steadied time and again that

is called the debate you can find that so another milestone in the family history so another uncle of mine is a legend himself the legendary former minister that presented a unique defense of the case at the lead in the '50s and '60s as well as we get to the u.n. resolution as a basis for any possible case of the future so now that debate so the brainwashing atmosphere as well as political clout could lead to some of very dangerous developments there

were actually in different in those preceding months my father was begging the jewish community to take action and nothing happened so much so he created an uproar to be so critical and the worldwide presence of the debate so then enters the of vote the u.n. takes the resolution which was a landslide majority against zionism in those states that were supposed to be objective and friendly that was out of mexico voted but that a ripple effect of that resolution was enormous.

from pages that it was a resolution with daniel patrick moynihan and with those jewish communities around the world. those that were coming-of-age to get to know what is really is all about. so that should have the same effect all over the world to

fight for the most just. know what transpired there after with the body politics so following the fall of the iron curtain with the dissemination of the communist bloc the opportunity came with the undertaking of george bush's father. so if it is possible to that resolution with the united nations and then with my a

father the resolution was abolished and i would say where it does the jury to president bush's father with the u.n. general assembly with the united nations general assembly and in my late father's study as it was torn and where the ambassador to the united nations of that time thomas pickering was a retired

diplomats this resolution is not for tearing up. however the new challenge comes up because of the up process with anti-semitism from underneath that exploded in the conference that was discussed by a alex mitt is clearly a the battleground of today from the battleground of that network and with that open

and free debate and combined with racism with that lack of understanding not only the nation state for the refuge of gm's for the soap in communities and in society where you have the arab judge for his crimes charged by the state all that you have the supreme government which is one of the most liberal of the of world those seeking refuge

from all over the world include from the heart of africa to give them a better life -- a better life with the assyrian refugees by the thousands with the freedom to help them in syria itself or with then up parliament with any country is a the world where our members of the knesset with free speech under the rule and one can imagine or that parliament

which enables the muslim brotherhood that is the most complicated challenges for any democratic society in our country. orate a country which debates so how do we create the battleground? the fact your family or friends including the risk with a soldier of a 19 year-old to kill soldiers by knifing them killing them what they were buying on the ground which is illegal with that huge national uproar has

come about with that debate which you would not have seen any other nation in the world so the case for israel is so clear and the battle against it to undermine to categorize israel that it doesn't want to get to a solution with a palestinian. so this is an example of where the debate goes going to the center left in with that opposition with that israeli parliament so we advocate staunchly for the two-state solution in the self-determination of the palestinian people. but only by way of negotiations or out of equal

status to those movements clashing in believing there has to be a division on the compromise but not by way to delegitimize the other movement by lies and the veterans -- ignorance. so in conclusion i would say the only to combat the day legitimate is to organize these efforts from the israeli government for major organizations worldwide that only with that organized effort by confronting the

arrival sora the enemy to present the real case of israel it has the solutions to the conflict, i can we win? hatred against jews and israel but i must say that geostrategic development wherever they are released of this tragedy as well as the united states including the search worldwide balances the pitcher to put israel into a better perspective so strategically the threat is there because young people all over the world are

especially e on campus that the fact this start one does a story of the holocaust is way more than when my father opened his speech but the story of israel can be told and explained in a focused way with the opening of anti-semitism and what it is all about the greatness of this nation and i am sure that you can do that yourselves in the best way wishing you the best of luck with our commanders on the ground your our representatives were everywhere are we're here to work together to overcome the challenge. [applause]

>> i'm happy to answer questions. >> if not for continuing our efforts to hebron to add a couple remarks? no?. >> [inaudible]

>> to be too far gone better matter how well raceme -- it may seem. >> [inaudible] >> that anti-israel movement sometimes it isn't those opinions. you can find common ground

so people say that they cannot be changed by generally speaking the vast majority of people that could be people that have knowledge of the of conflict. so to get out with credibility with the organization and then to make that speech in the league takes water to on the other side to muddy the of waters to bring about change so i would say always engaged but if you withdraw all.

>> yes to our friend. >> id both of you could answer this question but mentioning the ambivalence of the student body and university. . . >> we want to focus on israel's greatness.

>> maybe you want to ask another question. >> related to his. >> okay. so, i'll say this. first of all one has to say frankly no nation is perfect, okay? i would say we are willing to hear criticism. every government, every nation makes mistakes. israel make mistakes. doesn't going to delineations its existence. that's the different. one group attack yo ask says your race is palestinians -- they view the palestinians is underdogs. they're the underdog and they're the weaker part. and because they are the weak are part you have to answer the question by saying, yes, we are are -- 80% of israel is willing to settle for peace in the

conflict, however securing our security, defense, and the understanding we face bombings, we hays kid butchering kids, we face kids simply slaughter other people, innocent people, and we have to defend. the, and there are ways how to employ your right of self-defense. secondly, we are willing -- for example, an issue that comes up is the settlement issue. the seeslements are an issue in debate within israeli democracy because when israel went for peace, it approved settlements both in sinai and then in gaza so i knows how to do it. moreover, the solution which are known to all, speak about three major israeli settlement blocks and comprise only 40% of the land in dispute and are going to

be swapped with other land which israel will give. so there is a solution. all you need is come to the table and negotiate peace rather than saying, i don't have a right to exist, i don't have a right to my national movement, we're apartheid state. battle -- baloney. it's dulk nor the minorities break the glass ceilings but i heard deputy president of the supreme court, an arab judge, retired in a remarkable speech what it means to be an arab judge in a jewish state and our women judges and an arab woman judge just ordered to close one of the biggest industries in israel on an environmental issue. so, there are -- it's an everchanging society, and rather

than blaming that society endlessly for things you don't know, come and study and learn. now, this movements are sometimes they're -- most of the time are brainwashed and locked themselves with their own narrative. however, when people come and learn and listen, including leaders of the churches -- i meant many of the leaders pre presbyterian church, and many others, and now they see things in proportion when they see what is happening in the region. what happens to christians in gaza, or the situation of christians in egypt, and definitely what is happening in other countries. iraq, and so forth. i think then people get to understand that we are faced with -- we are confronted with radical islam, we, mean the coalition of nations, the jewish

nation, christian nation, and moderate muslim nations, who surround us and are willing to come to terms with us, as opposed to 1975 or '48, today these moderate arab nations are yearning to be part of a coalition with us if we move on the peace process. so, even they themselves are much more cautious what they say about the right of israel to exist. this is the new circumstances of the situation, except that the bds movement has learned these facts yet. please. >> i have a question about the -- the past ten years or so since hamas took over in gaza, talk about negotiations, and, for example, -- [inaudible] in 2008, how is it make concessions

when hamas has actually ruled the people, they would never agree to anything signed by abbas or the palestinian authority; how can israel be secure in a peace agreement when the know half the palestinians or those representing the palestinians, particularly those in gaza, will not abide by it. >> i think it's a very strong case, i agree. namely if you believe dish mean, the international notion is that the two-state solution. you cannot have a two-state solution with two palestinian states. there cannot be gaza and the west bank. has to be one palestinian state, under one rule, with one vote, as they say, and one weapon. and the issue of gaza is a very strong issue to mention. i say you can't have two palestinian states and you can't speak about three-state solution. it's a two-state solution.

gaza is the most complex issue in order to move through the process. jerusalem per se, the most click cite all but in terms of entering into the process, and i've been asking palestinian leaders including abbas himself, gaza has to be part of the equation. and if you guys expect israel to move forward for peace, you have to give us a solution about gaza. palestinians say, gaza will come onboard as abort of the process. fine -- part of the process. fine, let's see. what we see and hear as you mentioned correctly, is ham mas not only recognizing -- not only refusing to recognize israel, but also speaking about the aannihilation of israel. so we are kind of forked by extreme islam, basically. iranian islam and which wants to

cover us from north, from hezbollah, from ham mass, -- ham mass, and that's why the moderate coalition of nations is the answer to islamic extremism and is actually an opportunity to be exploited. please. >> i have a question. do you think if the united states -- [inaudible] -- that other countries will follow and then do you think that would help counter the -- [inaudible] >> the israeli public -- first we'd love to have the american embassy in jerusalem and we all want more and more embassies recognizing the israeli capital of jerusalem. however, i can say frankly, it's not the most prioritized item in the israeli national interests at this date. it's important but there are issues of higher priority. it has political sensitivity,

which is clear to all. >> i'd like to ask a little shift to the jewish side. the inhabitants in the area issue feel like the young jewish generation kind of separate itself from the idea of -- from the state of israel in general. the problem right now is bds in general is that we cannot -- [inaudible] -- the [inaudible] being in power. i would like to question for both of you think the consequences of us basically losing half a generation, would

say, of israelis in the anti-israel movement and future legislation and so forth. >> alex. >> in sort it would be catastrophic, and if you have a situation where all these forms we're talking about, the university campus, all the people attending there know israel is a pariah, is a associated with every concept of evil, apartheid, genocide, ethnic cleansing, a deplorable state and we'll see the consequence of this in another generation when those people take leadership positions in the government and corporations. so in short it's disastrous in terms of how to counter i, wonder how well even jewish activists aren't the story of israel mitchell learned friend here said it's not necessary to refuse every accusation against israel or to defend it staunchly against every accusation.

no country is perfect. but the basic story of israel as truly extraordinary one. it is about people exiled by great empires thousands of years ago who retained a distinct send of peoplehood in exile, disspeed mass executions executions and - conversion. it's an incredible story and i wonder if jewish student us no i better and portrayed it to others if there would be different attitudes developing. the whole trajectory is damaging and in a generation's time when those people take leadership positions we'll see the consequences. >> i want to say the following. first it's a phenomena which is known. but that is phenomena is not new in this generation. there were many generations where there were many jewish youngsters who actually turned

their back toward the zionist cause. secondly, i think that the way to deal with it is by inclusivity, namely, to enable dissenting voices to be part of the debate winds the jewish community. for example, j street issue think j street is a very important tool in bringing those youngsters into a forum whereby the ability to teach and understand and explain the debate which goes on with in israel and invite people to take part and also get to know israel in its better part, or the truth about israel. rather than shunning them out to the kind of extreme polar of the bait and saying we're turning off against israel. i want you to know more and if

you feel at east with a more liberal form, let so be it. and i think part of the responsibility of a force that leads this debate on behalf of the jewish people is to enable the voices to be heard and discuss and say, yes, we have an internal debate. we're saying horrible things wasn't the debate in the knesset, we're seeing the most extreme things to our government and vice versa. so what? that's the beauty of democracy, just like here in the united states, between the two big political parties in the united states, their debate goes way beyond sometimes what you hear in israel. that's part of introducing this debate, and i agree with your fear there are many jewish voices in the young generation who are extremely disturbing. please. i'll take one last question.

because of time constraints. please. >> i think that one of the most interesting developments in the last four years -- [inaudible] -- a less right issue which 50 years it was the left liberals who support and it today people on the left are protecting people who are -- [inaudible] -- israel you can -- [inaudible] i'd like to know, the division that occurred and telling people who are left wing and in social matters, it's okay to support israel, to make it not a left-right issue. >> there is a key difference between the discourse occurring

in israel and what is happening outside because of the superficiality of the lens. take protective edge. protective edge for the average israeli being in shelter, day in and day out, was really a battle against their role and protecting our people. for people abroad, it was a human tragedy of young palestinians. how do you bridge, how do you explain when you tell people from abroad, but we are in shelters, they tell you, but you're lucky, you have shelters. they are free to blame because they don't have shelters. there's a lot of hypocrisy, a lot of unfair judgment, and terrible judgmental approach to israel in many quarters around the world, predominant my in europe but now it's sipping into the united states. so you can't -- you have to

understand that you can't win all the battle. you can try to get to the center of opinionmaking and explain the battle later. explain your case better. and you are right that it has become a division between left and right. the mere notion that the democrats are like more opposed to israel because in their party convention there was a debate about certain items, is wrong. it's definitely wrong. the labor party in britain, there are hundreds of members who are big supporters of israel. same goes for the germany. and i find myself as being leader of labor until recently, or as a major -- one of the leaders of labor as such, meeting my sister parties all over the world, explaining to them and telling them the young generation is simply

brainwashed. unions, for example, it's mentioned remarks chapter below the unions in the book. the unions are our counterparts, in my party the unions are big. the afl-cio is exclusive in its respect, they were always big supporters of israel. they are big part of the democratic party in the united states. they were led by jews and others for generations. and a part of the discourse is to show everybody how great the union world in israel is, and what a great influence they have on our life. and so forth and so on. it's simply requires a lot of nurturing, and explaining that you can be like me, okay? the leader of the left, and fight for the just cause in the state of israel. it's simply wrong, wrong and

partial and distorted that the voices of theft, who were big supporters of israel at the time -- the rope was at the time because they sew israel as a role model, which is kind of soured for them. now, the souring issue is something that we attend to in israel, whether we oppose certain legislative steps taken by the right-wing government or thing that are said, but they're said here in the united states as well. and the same debate on how government fights for the opposed is also in israel as well as the united states, as well. so there's no difference. it's a debate which has nothing to do with the mere right of israel to exist as the i safe haven of the jewish people. this is what needs to be explained. at the -- thank you all very, very much. [applause]

>> an expression of precious for the exemplary presentation. [applause] >> beautiful, beautiful. >> i read the book. it's excellent. >> when my late grandfather came to the white house to meet president truman, he gave him a bible scroll, and truman took and it said, always wanted one of these. and so thank you all very much. >> nano bible. >> good luck to you all. thank you.

>> a look now at some of the authors recently feed toured boon tv's "after words." talk rateow shows, mark levin warned guess federal government expansion. "wall street journal" writer and former editorial page editor george malone. and former brit bart editor miloan nap employs explored free speech. and david osborn will and the charter school movement and offer his outlook on the future of public education. journalist susy hansen with

reflect on america's global standing. investigative journalist art levine will report on the mental health industry, and this weekend on "after words," danielle allen will discuss how mass incarceration has impacted her family. >> you couldn't see that with the degree of rickty issue and the amount of luck involved in relation continue to the hard path how to adolescence unless you putting your back in each of those years and think about what did you bedroom look like? who were the kids you were hanging out with and the dangerous choices you were considering? put those things side-by-side. >> someone asked me, is it personal responsibility or is it societal? >> right. what is your answer. >> double helix, my friend. you cannot separate those things because collectively, we build the world that we live in. we build the opportunity patterns.

it's us. we're building it. it didn't just fall out of nowhere, from mars, and in the world we live in there are very different degrees of difficulty confronting young people, depending wrong they happen to be born, the context in which hey happen to be born. >> "after words" airs on booktv every saturday at 10:00 p.m. and sunday at 9:00 p.m. eastern, and you-watch all previous programs on our web site, booktv.org. >> what about you kids? your candidate are going to ask -- i asked my mother, 1973. i'm sure people ask it all over the place and imagine,er who write and your kid says how come you can always tell somebody is black even if you can't see them, mom in? the impulse is to say that's not true. black people sound like southerners and you know that's not true. or the impulse is to say, no, everybody talks in different ways, you shouldn't stereotype. your kid has an iq over 40.

they're going think, i'm not stairowtyping -- stereotyping. aisle hearing the truth little what do you tell the kid? we need to get comfortable saying, black people have a slightly different sound because they often spend more time with one another, just like white people sound more like one another because they tend to spend more time together and that's true of all human roots. that's not racist. it's just true and harmless. there's knock wrong with the way viola davis sounds as opposed to the way melissa mccarthy sounds but she definitely sounds black, and i can tell you, because she does the voice of a queen on the disney cartoon series, sofia the i. it's, it's in my house because i have small children. once i had my back turned and queen said something i had never seen the character and it was that little el. thought, the queen is black. is she? and i turned around, and i

forget what the cone looks like but i went on to imdb. the queen is viola davis. i don't have any special powers. was hearing what any american can hear. there's a black sound so have chapter about that in the book. third thing. in the book, is the answer to an objection that is traditionally leveled against arguments that black english is okay. they can't talk that way in a job interview. somebody always says that. somebody is traumatic talking about how you shouldn't mock the language because you're mocking the speaker and somebody will say, yes, that's true, but they can't talk that way at a job interview. okay, nobody said they were going to. nobody needs to be told that. and i think that why you get that response is because of a sense that we often have that

the way somebody speaks casually is going to interfere with their ability to speak the formal variety where they are. with black english that's even worse because everybody thinks it's mistakes. assume if you tack that it way you bent be able to speak standard. even if we understand it's not mistakes, there's a sense if you use that system ill witness keep you from using the standard. that's an american kind of misimpression, perfectly understandable misimpression because our dialect diversity is thin. english has not been here for 2,000 years as it has in for example, england, where different ways of speaking have been doing this for much longer, and so the kinds of english there that barely sound like english to us. america is 15 minutes old and so we don't have that depth of this. i'm not going to call idiolect diversification, sounds like a disease. just there hasn't been as much

as this going onment some, gull la, creole, south carolina, hawai'ion pigeon. but her to are all spoken literally on the geographical margin of the space and louisiana creole for instance, extinction and not that many people speak that. there's a certain vanilla aspect to the way english goes here. what we meant is that living in two very different dialects of the same thing is a very ordinary human experience and in the legions of places where this is normal, nobody worries that speaking the home thing is going to interfere with speaking the formal thing. nobody in sicily is worried that somebody who speaks sicilian is going to use it in a job

interview instead of standard italian, and in sicily standard italian is the italian a fan takes some of in college and then there's sicilian is different enough from that if you roll the dice again and sicily war different country, sicilian would be considered a separate language. it's very different. if you see something like "the godfather" or "board walk empire" to anybody who knows the territory to show those characters speaking textbook college clam classroom italian would be ridiculous. when you say a sill sillan speaking that language they're speaking somebody almost is a different from italian as spanish but that person speaks standard italian in school next job interview. there's no debate in sicily about whether sicilian threatens standard italian. would never occur to anybody. similar is in most arab speaking

countries, you know somebody who speaks arabic when they say i speak arabic, they mine speak latin and french. they speak the standard language and then what it learned on their mother's knee is something to different that it is, although often the speakers relafeny have it put this way because of cultural unity, it's a different language. if you know a moroccan, the language they learned at home is like french, then we went to school and learned something like latin. a moroccan will sea i learned moroccan and then i learned arabic. any arab back spiker you know is like that. they wouldn't say they're bilingual but the idea that egyptian arab is adulate to standard arabic, no. there's an all the "the new yorker" last week that actually dresses that almost beautiful link, length wist get -- linguist things this article

will be five minute but dwells on standard arabic egyptian arabic and the idea people need to let go of the egyptian because it threatens the standard, no. it's the other way wind, black englishing speakers are -- going to hit you with -- are di glossic. two tongued. people speaking all over the world. the idea that you learn something on your mother's knee or father's knee, and then you go to school and pretty much that same way of speaking is what your teachers use, and that same of speaking is on the print page, and everyone around you speaks that way and you have learned this standard formal way of speaking at home. that sounds so normal to us, that is very strength as a linguistic experience. i venture at least every second person in the world would never

dream of that being the situation, and that was even more the case until about 200 years ago, when literacy game widespread in many part of the world such that vernacular languages were used on the page. a very typical experience, is that the way you speak most spontaneously is with your family and friends. you go to school, and what is on the page is something rather different. it's not a different language but it's different. it's as if you say house but what is on the page is domicile and you have to know. nobody imposes it. it's just the way it's always been. you just make your way and learn that school way. that is humanity. only 100 of the world's 7,000 languages are written in any real way. so most people have to make kind of a jump. black english is that situation. black people have a larger english than most white people.

i wanted to call one off my very first books a larger english and they didn't like that. so, what i meant was that black people have more english. so, nobody is going to try to use black english at a job interview. if we understand that it's really an okay form of speech but different, something else that any black person intuits is there's a way you speak here and another way you speak there. so, black english is not a problem in that way. >> you can watch this and other programs online at booktv.org. >> good evening. i'm bradley grahamming though oregon politics and paris, along