some parallels the children hard to come back home. and then this book obviously related as well to those subjects. probably a similar theme again. who knows what it will be. [inaudible] .. but it meant he was legally allowed to live on its own. he didn't in the classroom for a long time. he needed to go work and he went and did that.

i did get to know to students who had been adopted by american families as well and their stories are in the book and i probably don't have time to share with you the whole journey, but there's some very moving moments about adoption and an american family welcoming them into their home here as well. maybe that's a good note to end on. >> you're actually a very -- expert guide. >> thank you, thank you. i appreciate it. thank you so much. i'm going to be signing books. [applause]

>> what is your next project? >> i wish i knew. inaudible conversations >> yeah, i can do that. i'm glad you guys told me. >> and now we are live from savanna, georgia for the city's annual book festival. but a full day of authors ahead including ryan curtis, 1942 rose bowl was moved from california to north carolina after pearl harbor, scott shapiro and the peace pact of 1928 that outlawed war around the world. celeste headley on the importance of communication in the install in on the

relationship between hitting bull and buffalo bill. follow along throughout the day in all of our social media sites facebook, twitter and instagram beef for behind-the-scenes photos and videos. @booktv is herv handle. we kick off this year with retired air force major general robert latiff on the future of technology and war. live coverage on booktv on c-span2. >> good morning. my name is nancy lee and i'm delighted to welcome you to the 11th annual savanna book festival. it is presented by georgia power, david and nancy cintron coming the sheehan family and mark and pat shuman. many thanks to jack and mary romanos, our sponsors for this

glorious venue. the trinity united methodist church. we would like to extend special thanks to our literati members and individual donors who have made and continue to make saturday's free festival events possible. 90% of our revenues come from donors just like you. thank you. we are very excited to have savanna book festival app this year for your phone. please look in your program for information on downloading it. it takes a few seconds and it would be very helpful to you today. before we get started, i have a couple of housekeeping notes. immediately following this presentation, robert latiff will be signing purchase copies of his book just across the way. if you are planning to stay in this venue for the next presentation, please move a word as it empties the lashes can accurately count available

seats. please take a moment to turn off your cell phones. and we also ask that you do not use flash photography. during the question-and-answer portion, please raise your hand and i will call on you and one of the ushers will bring a microphone to you. in the interest of time and to be fair to all of the other attendees, please limit yourself to one question and please don't tell a story. robert latiff is with us today courtesy of hugh and for in comments. dr. robert h. latiff as an adjunct faculty member at the university of notre dame and he is the director of intelligence community programs at george masonda university school of engineering. he is a member of the air force betty's ford and the intelligent community studies board of the national academy of sciences, engineering and medicine.

please give a warm welcome to robert latiff. [applause] >> well, let me think he and his savanna book festival for having me here. this is really an awesome event. first of all, i appreciate your interest in my work. also, i don't know if any of you saw the savanna morning news, they did a really nice review -- an interview she had with me. as a retired military person, i've probably done a thousand speeches. standing up in front of a group talking about a book is a little bit like talking about your kids. a little bit harder.

but this is a really important topic. now, probably more so than itta everer been. i know if you read the news you would hear all of this talk. i actually saw an article yesterday or the day before in one of the publications talking about drifting towards work, very much like we did for world war i. i think it is a frightening time, but probably a very timely time to talk about my book. i will talk a little bit about whyt i wrote it and how i cameo write it, which i think is really a cool story. i always like to tell it. and then comes some of the teams that are in it. if it isn't immediately obvious to you, i grew up in rural southeastern kentucky. never did get rid of the accen. i was a product of the sputnik

era, so i was all about science and technology, was interested in space and strangely enough coming nuclear weapons. and somehow or the other i got into the university of notre dame. never figured that one out, but they let me end and it became immediately obvious to me that i had no means to pay for it. thus entered the army, rotc, was going to serve my four years, get out and become the nobel prize-winning physicist. that didn't work so i stayed 32 years in the military. fixed in the army, 24 years in the air force. trained foreign century to go to vietnam. turns out i didn't go to vietnam. after my phd in notre dame i went to germany, where he stood astride the full account facing 100 divisions of

soviet infantry who were going to nuke when they came across the border. and to that, i actually commanded an army tactical nuclear weapons unit that was going to hand out nukes to the firing battalions. switch to the air force, and became very involved in research, development, reconnaissance, space, intelligence coming nuclear weapons, all very, very high tech stuff. my career was about high-tech weaponsee systems. so, why did i write the book? well, as a young 26-year-old army captain, having to give nuclear weapons to people really caused me to think about my role fast-forward 20 so years i again have the opportunity -- opportunity if you call it that,

opportunity to be involved in released nuclear weapons should that ever happen. and many, many other things. or really at the fall of the berlin wall, the fall of communism, right about the time, kick saddam hussein out of the way. then you would have thought both were sad in the fall of communism, you would have thought we would've gone world war iii, the way we were acting. so after that, we sort of became bullies. we were the strongest nation on earth, the only remaining superpower and we let everybody know what appeared and that kind of bothered me. fast-forward again 2003. that was the crux of what bothered me was the invasion of iraq and its public knowledge that i was very concerned about

that. so i retired to the air force, went to work withh the industry and begin immediately thinking about all of this stuff and then called my friends at notre dame and said i've got some issues here, can we talk about it? of course come you can develop a course for us, which we al did. now would you teach it? so still today, eight years later, 10 years later and traveling back and forth to notre dame to teach young students about war and technology. i don't know if anybody watches notre dame football, but if you do, during halftime dailies highlight the student faculty member and is so popular they highlighted me on national television, which is kind of cool. tetwo minutes of fame and that t the attention of "the new york times." so sam freedman, a wonderful editor at "the new york times"

interviewed me. great article and not caught the attention of random house. if you know anything about the publishing business, jonathan siegel, whose authors have semi-posters to their credit. probably going to disappoint him john was a wonderful editor, just as marvelous things, was very nice to me and very patient. so the themes of the book. number one, the war as we knew it, as i knew it growing up really is changing. that's sort of obvious. war in technology have always gone together.

ethics is critical to soldiers and there is a big chasm between the american military and the american people. not only that, our leaders, political leaders, some of the themes are unfettered technology innovation has some down side. this coming from a a lifelong gk we are often as i said sort of militarist take, eric and technologies. i think arms control is moving. so we are mesmerized by war. we are mesmerized by technology. steel, gunpowder, submarines, nuclear weapons. the computer, the internet.

it was not al gore who invented the internet. it was defensive ends internet agency. so all off these things are military encourages technology and technology encourages the military were seduced by it. one of my favorite pictures is a picture of the apple store in new york city when a new apple phone comes out there are lines a mile long. you ask people that are there because there's a new iphone, just because we are seduced by it. robert oppenheim are, father of the atomic arms basically said we were seduced by a peer be worried about it afterwards. and, marine general james mattis, who used to be one of my heroes often said to his soldiers come you've got to forget about technology. you have to deal to operate on your own. he's not saying that anymore.

we have the largest defense budget in the world. larger than the next eight countries combined. we are the largest proliferator in the world. twice as much as russia. so war is different. you all know that. terrorism and guerrilla warfare, cyberwarfare, intrusion in our elections comes and advanced technologies like fiber and other things are available to more people all over the world. people worry about cyberattacks on our electric grid. we saw what happened with sony. if anyone's read about the virus , war is going to be closer to home as we've seen.

we are making it obvious that countries like china are really beating us badly in some technology areas. so, the machines will watch it for us. i worked in an organization so they are going to be watching that here that's not it. not only it. pretty much everything in the world now i disconnect it to the internet. so all you have to do is go on the internet and look at the data. machines are going to think for us. in the military and the intelligence business, machine learning and artificial intelligence are going to sort of give us the answers and you will be to us to say yes or no. they're going to fight for a.

even today, we see robots on battlefields. fortunately the robots of the battlefields and drums are all controlled by humans now, but that's not always going to be the case. soldiers are going to be different and i'll talk a little bit abouts that. war is going to be fast, and may be subtle. we may not even know it's happening or it may happen and it's going to be global. so some of the technologies. i've actually heard the military being described as a giant armed nervous system. so everything is connected to everything else. it's like information technology. we are now at a point where we can put literally billions of

transistors on a ship. advance data mining, artificial intelligence. have you seen the news, the dod just asked for another $18 billion to put into things like things like artificial intelligence. weapons will have decision making capability. they are defensive in nature. the antimissile system, but more and more offensive weapons sort of sneak up on the decision making capability. they are at least watching the loop, but war will bewa so fast that humans will become irrelevant and we may actually slide into the case of decisions being made, not even really

knowing. weapons will go to a targeted area. they might seek permission first and they might not if there's no communication. the drones in all these technologies to make our soldiers that are and keep them out of harm's way, that they need to, the little bit of thinking. i talk in the book about soldier enhancements. exoskeletons to help soldiers listening for pharmaceuticals. right now airplane pilots drugs to keep them awake here they're talking about giving drugs to soldiers to make a more courageous, less fearful, less pain. we need to think about that. and then there's this whole area

of narrow science. this one is really interesting. i was able to talk to the agency about some of the work they are doing, mostly for treatment of soldiers with dramaticc brain injuries, good stuff to restore functions to soldiers and they've also learned they can enhance normal soldiers. they can make soldiers more and faster. they can actually treat things. it's gotten to the point where they can identify the structure of the brain of what some thoughts are. think about that. if you can read about, you can write a thought. this is very scary stuff. then there is an increasing concern about biological enhancement or biology,

synthetic virology of anyone who's read about crisper, they'll probably win a nobel prize, crisper virus entity. the worry is in the director of national intelligence actually said chris perry is a defense threat, and intelligence threat. the worry is that people will create viruses that are amenable to treatment, so we worry about that. cyberwar, i've talked about power grid. there is actually a case in which a man is sitting in the back of an airplane was able to hack into the cockpit. the weapons is of huge concern and this is another area the dod will be spending $12 billion on cyber, electromagnetic pulse. if anybody read the book one second after, the

electromagnetic pulse, pretty bad. and you can do it without a nuclear bomb. the technology is out there being developed. weapons that go 15 to 20 times the speed of sound. so, technology moving really, really fast. ifif you look at technology adoption curves, they are coming more frequently in getting into the public much, much faster. even i coveted phd in engineering can't even keep up. so what do you expect of the normal american public? they basically look at the technology and say okay, got it. thee problem is the u.s. is technologically pretty illiterate when it comes to the rest of the world. and this is okay in civilian life. i get it. if we don't understand how netflix gives us the recommendation for a next movie,

it doesn'tvi matter. but it does matter in the military. when we are going to kill people, it matters a lot. we have to understand the consequences. i dedicated this book to a friend of mine, retired former navy was in vietnam delta was exposed multiple times to agent orange and died from agent orange. we have to really think before we employ the thing that's what the consequences are. we knew what the consequencesef were. man, is he against technology or what. the technology is good. obviously health care, everything that we've done is just wonderful things like antibiotics. the problem with antibiotics as we got really used it and an hour having having a hard time

trying to find one's that work. we have more food than we know what to do with, but a lot of drugs in our food. a.i. is the technology that is eating the government. everyone is getting a.i. we need to understand because we don't actually know how it works, even the specialist will really know. so i moved on to talk about technology. i thought it was really fun and i talk about technology again. i was actually teaching a course at george mason university to a bunch of master students, one of whom was a chaplain. an army chaplain had just come back from iraq, where 16 of the soldiers in his unit were killed and hundreds were wounded. and he talked to me about how difficult it was to treat the

wounded souls of soldiers. believe it or not, they are people and when they go out and kill others, maybe even civilians, it bothers them a lot. and so, he talked how important it was for soldiers to understand what is correct and what is not correct in warfare. i talk about theory and the laws of our conflict and he was very interested in that. and in that chapter, i try to take those technologies, all those really cool technologies we are talking about and bounds them up against the laws of our conflict and say are these thingsnd right? do they satisfy the proportionality in the distinction and discrimination of combatants and so on and so forth. you might say well, that is just so much talk, but it's actually important. leadership is important.

i talk about some of the things that yes we the united states didd in bombing a civilian targt in massacres in vietnam and in other places. and then we talk about the leadership. for instance, robots. the example i used is a robot. there is this idea that humans and robots are actually going to fight together on the battlefield. i'm sitting in a foxhole with my robot and somebody throws a grenade in. is my robot going to jump on the grenade? am itop? going to jump on the grenade to save the robot? the courage and loyalty income moderate in august and is come into question when we are talking about machines. enhancements, drugs, neuroscience, is that soldier operating with free will?

can you make a moral decision? i don't know. we are trying to make machines more like people, somewhere in the middle is going to be a mass. the editor asked me, besides you, who cares about this stuff? well, that sent me on a rant and chop or for. and my answer was unfortunately rtmost nobody. a few writers like myself and others, but not very many people. so i call into this discussion and chop or for about how airy can't we are about our technologies. like i said, after the fall of the wall, we werech everywhere,n shock and awe. remember shock and on the 2003 invasion? that didn't work out too well for us pick the media. either way, i love the media.

i don't talk about fake news, but i think the media gets it wrong. they focus on the wrong things and they don't focus on the important things. the internet is an awful place. it is good, but it's an awful place for people to do bad things. i think we are deliberately ignorant. we don't try to educate ourselves. there is a chasm. the public is just not involved. no knowledge of the military. did you ever kill anybody? no, not everybody in the military is a killer. outside, leaders actually use the military sort of as a toy, their own little private, to combat this education thing, it

was interesting i read an article. remember when russia went into the crimea in shortly after that into the ukraine? there was a survey by a couple harvard professors of two dozen people. i said what he thinks united states should do? 60% said we ought to go in there militarily in the same 60% when they asked if they knew were ukraine was, they said no. so, they knew nothing about the military. i like to use the phrase, the big tv. most people don't realize that the u.s. spends now three quarters of a trillion dollars a year on the military. about 250 billion of that on new weapons. they don't realize the impact of all the deployment that our soldiers and sailors and airmen and marines face are the

psychological scars of war. they have no idea about how the military gets its missions in what the threat far. what they do know and don't get me wrong, i appreciate it. they think is for service. we do half-time shows. and believe me, that is wonderful. but it just isn'te. enough. we allow our politicians to employ our military. the congressional research service basically pointed out that in 70 or so years in world war ii, we deployedl our mility 60ye times, over 60 times a yea. a recent article in "time" magazine pointed out that special operations forces and 143 countries. now, maybe all of those things are o legitimate. i question whether or not they

are. we like to use our military. i say we kind of disrespect our military. nobody is published it yet. we disrespect our military. we have half-time shows and other things, but i say a sign of distress that is ignoring somebody. and we are ignoring that. there has to be a national conversation. ..

a majority of the citizenry they are sworn to defend. we're talking about the human element of war and america is lacking in intellectual curiosity and capacity. not just an education which is woefully enough but in citizens will to study, consider debate and actively choose what the purpose and nature of future conflicts should be when we put machines between us and our enemy. so i think the article in the new savannah reported me in the last part of the book, but i like to sort of end of my discussion of what i think is patriotism. anybody here who is olds enough to remember adlai stevenson said patriotism is not a short and frenzied outbursts of emotion but the tranquil and steady

dedication of a lifetime. i say a little bit more forward fashion that patriotism isn't going to do it anymore. we actually have to sit down and think and have a debate because this technology is coming. it's coming at us fast pick and is going to present issues for the soldier. that's the one that worries me. and for our decision-makers. ourr decision-makers really dont have the capacity to understand a lot of this stuff. we actually have to have a national debate about that. we ask a lot of our military. and i hope this book, i hope it sells aho bazillion copies, buti hope a lot of people will read this and enter into that debate

because i think it's so important, especially now. and with that, there's a chapter on what he thinks some of the things are that we could do. it's not the greatest chapter, but this is a tough, tough problem. so thank you all for your interest in the book, and i am really anxious to get some of your questions.. [applause] >> if you have questions please raise your hand. i'll call on you and the ushers will bring the microphone forward. in the center. >> thank you. do you have any information about what's going on in our embassy in cuba?

>> i've gotten that question several times, and the short answer is i have no information at all. there was, i guess people are getting sick and i thought it might be some sonic -- i think technically that's possible. low-frequency sonic waves can vibrate your internal organs, so it's conceivable, but the short answer is no, i have no information on it. >> now, the leaders, leaders and military and in the government if not chronically challenged should be technologically challenged. how, how are you going to make them be able to understand, because many of those who are very thinly with technology not in the military, how are you going to make the leadership understand how they can use technology tode the best exampl,

to the best advantage for this country? i mean, the argument is always the military fights the last wars battles. how are we going to train military decision-makers to fight the battle of the future? >> so i don't actually think it's the military decision-makers who are the issue. the military doesn't, generally speaking, military doesn't really want to go too war. by and large i think most of the senior military leaders have pretty good idea about the technologies. it's the civilian leadership that's troublesome. the civilian leadership, the only way i know of to make the civilian leadership lesson is for the public to demand it. if thely public demands it then they will listen because i want to get reelected. it's a tough problem, and trying

to explain to a political scientist how crisper works is sort of a fool's errand. but trying to explain to them what some of the implications of it are, maybe something that we could do. again, the public, the public has to demand it and that's the simplest answer i can give you. >> first of all thank you for writing what sounds like a wonderful book and i look forward to reading it. are you not really describing a failure of the people? the republicans accused the democrats of, quote, losing china when it fell to the communists in 1948. nixon spent four years in vietnam in a war he knew he couldn't i win. today we are in afghanistan. there's nobody inou this country who can explain our exit strategy or what victory will

amount to in afghanistan. yet, our politicians are terrified to tell us the truth because they know it would be unsatisfactory. i guess one with asking the question is, is this a lost cause? what more do you thinkas we can do? leaders are terrified of their own people, and for good reason. >> well, it i said it was a lost cause, maybe i should've said it's a difficult cause. part of the problem and the biggest part of the problem is that war hasas come frequently d it is, at no cost. we fought the vietnam war on a creditco card. every conflict we've been in there had been no additional taxes. i mean come on that silly enough to think we would ever go back to a draft but it hasn't affected the americanta people. after 9/11, which was an awful awful situation, the president

declared a national emergency and then he told the american people to just go on about their business. he didn't say go shopping. he said go about your business. i think that's wrong. the only people who are affected by 9/11, beyond the families obviously, were the military. they got sent over and over. i signed orders keeping people in the military well beyond where the should've stayed. many of them with multiple times. i have no doubt that some of them were killed and wounded. but if it doesn't affect people, they are not going to care. i don't know if that answers your t question, but we have to figure out aer way to make it affect the american people. maybe we won't do it so often. we will do it when it really needs to be done. i hope.

>> you talk about the ethics of war with all that's going on, exponential technology and how ethics differs globally. can there really be an ethics of war? >> are wonderful question. for literally for millennia, especially for centuries, people have debated this topic. and most, at least advanced countries or civilized countries actually do follow some sort, otherwise war would be nothing but butchery, which it was by the way back in the time of the greeks. so, yes, i think, and i think

the basis of the question if i can be so bold is, groups like isis and al-qaeda and those others, they don't care anything about ethics. but that shouldn't be what's important to us. we talk a big game about human rights. we've gone to war over human rights. so if we're going to talk about human rights we have to actually demonstrate some aspect of human rights. again, civilized nations around the world have signed up with things like the geneva conventions and the hague conventions and other international humanitarian laws. yes, i think there truly is a place for ethics in warfare. i don't know if that answers your question or not, but we should do what we think is correct, not what other people do.

>> do you believe that the all voluntary military is the most effective way to staff our military organizations? >> that's a question i get a lot. obviously, i grew up in a time of draft. i don't think with any other option but an all volunteer military. do i think it is the most effective way? no, i don't. but i don't have any other answers beyond perhaps having some sort of national service. the problem with the all volunteer military is that if you look at the data, increasingly it's coming from a

narrower and narrower slice of the american public. it doesn't represent the entire demographic, and that's worrisome to me. and again, has nothing to do with the all volunteer, but the fact that it is all volunteer, i think politicians have a tendency to just use. i actually don't want to use the term mercenary, but use it more as a tool to impose their will on others, and that's not quite right for me. but the short answer to your question is no, i don't think it's the most effective way, but short of a draft which will never happen again, i don't know how to fix it. >> this is pretty much pearly py technical, but as an air force guy, do you envision and to air combat, i'm talking dogfighting

rather than beyond visual range missiles, between unmanned aircraft? >> possibly in the future. unmanned aircraft certainly don't have the limitations that manned aircraft do, human systems, to try to keep the pilot alive. i guess my question at some point would be what's the point? but the short answer is, it's possible yes, , because the technology for unmanned aircraft is getting so much better. i actually had students asked me once, well, you know, why don't we just have war between machines? so my answer to that was, what would be the point? at some point humans are going to die. or land is going to be taken. just having machines kill one

another doesn't seem to be useful. >> following up on your question before, why did you say no to a draft? it seems that the best way to get the public vested into what the politicians are doing, if everybody's son and daughters might be affected. >> well, don't mistake my answer for know, as a no. i honestly, as i said i grew up in the time of the draft, and it was not without its problems. as we know you can get a draft deferment for bone spurs, and a lot of people got draft deferments. it fell heavily upon a smaller subset. but by and large everybody served. i just don't think it's possible in our current political environment. if 9/11 wasn't an opportunity,

i'm not sure what will be. i do believe everyone should serve. and i talk in the book about okay, if you're not going to serve in the military, at least serve in the government. if you are a citizen of the united states, russo wrote about the social contract. you have a responsibility. honestly, , i'd like to see the draft, but never going to happen. one of the things that one of the, admiral mullen, former chairman i think, and he said what we should do is actually lower the active duty, number of active duty shoulders with very low number and fill it up with reserves. the next time we go to war the reserves that have to be the ones to go. that would impact families, and families might actually say no.

but, so i didn't exactly say no to the draft. i'm a realist. i don't think it will happen. >> this is really just a broad question on mr. budgett, an additional 80 billion, or whatever it was, and three-quarters have truly thank you. it seems if we can't win withli that, or half that, so can the military spend its budget wisely and efficiently? or is itsp just this behemoth tt keeps growing? >> i i was with you and said wisely and efficiently. they can certainly spend it. [laughing] >> i know that.

>> i was in that business for years. i bought weapons. i think we could. i don't, honestly, i don't think we need three-quarters of a trillion dollars. to bek fair, much of that goeso operations. itmu goes to maintenance. it goes to spare parts, hey, health. but over 200 billion other of a goes into the weapons business. i honestly think that we don't get one system out onto the field until we're starting to think about the next one is generally well, the other guys creating something that we have to respond to. in my opinion it's too big. maybe if we look at it very closely we would find that it's exactly where it needs to be, but my issue is that the american people don't seem to care much about it.

ask any typical person on the street what they think. you will never get the right answer. and i think that's sad because it's their money, but the politician says we need it and they okay, yes. we need to go to work, okay, yes. nobody ever tells us how sending troops to the ukraine, we have troops in the ukraine by the way, how that's going to make us safer. i guess you could say well, we're helping protect nato and nato is with us, social, -- so somehow or another that's going to make us safer. that's a long, rambling answer to your question. i don't know, did i answer it? >> i'm not sure what i asked. [laughing]

>> i have one question that leaves us on a somewhat positive note. you say that the military is developing neurological enhancements for perhaps soldiers. do you see that there may be a way to use some of that technology in our schools to help our students today? >> well, there are two answer to that question. first, those types of technologies that military develops very often, , almost always get into the civilian world. they are developed by civilian companies, and so yes, they will make it into the civilian world. whether or not they should be able to help students becomes a very, very sticky, ethical questions. the idea of putting brain enhancements in a sort of like having students take ritalin. of course at what he knows why

students take ritalin, right? so whether or not we should be enhancing people. what about the people who can't afford neurological implants? how does that affect society? i think you are probably onto something. those technologies will make their way into civilian life. it's just how will they be controlled. i don't know. you wanted to end on a positive note. [laughing] i'll tell you the positive note. our soldiers, sailors, airmen and marines are the best in the world. they are great young people, and they deserve everything we can give them. [applause] >> please join me again in thinking general latiff. as you exit the venue you will see our wonderful volunteers with yellow buttons to except

your donations. it is because of your generosity really keep the festival free please help us to continue keeping it free. thank you. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations] if you intend to stay here for the next speaker who is brian curtis who wrote "fields of battle," we encourage you to please move forward so that we know how many seats are still available in the back. we will begin at 10.10. >> we are live today from the savannah book festival. that was author robert on the future of one technology. going to be a few minutes until the next author is ready to go here at trinity united methodist church in downtown savannah. next up is author brian curtis on the only rose bowl to ever take place somewhere other than pasadena, california. our live coverage of the savannah book festival continues shortly.

[inaudible conversations] >> booktv takes hundreds of other programs throughout the country all year long. here's a look at some of the events will be covering this week. covering this week. monday at politics and prose bookstore in washington dc, to hear lanny davis, former special counsel for president clinton share his thoughts on the outcome of the 2016 election. on tuesday we head to roosevelt house in new york city where former white house official and cabinet secretary will examine our democracy and share his views on how to bring back trustworthy systems of government. later that night at new york university, the presentation of the ten america literary award given annually since 1963 which

recognize books in a range of categories from biography or science writing to essays and poetry. on wednesday at the green light extorting brooklyn investigative journalist vegas on white nationalism in america. thursday syracuse university professor daniel thompson will be at saint and from college in new hampshire to discuss why moderates might be less likely to run for congress. later that night we are at the free library of philadelphia where rutgers professor brittany cooper will examine the power of what she calls eloquent rage and how it can be harnessed as a resource to bring about change. on friday, former clinton administration labor secretary robert reisch will be at the first parish church in cambridge, massachusetts, to talk about the economic and social cycles societies experience and their effect. >> that's a look at some ofth te event booktv will be covering this week. many of these events are open to the public. look for them to air in the near future on booktv on c-span2.

>> i had three criteria, and the criteria were, one, the person had to be important or teach something important about the bouley. and, number two, they had to have a truly interesting story. for fun, i almost exclusively read fiction, and i think that a narrative arc, , spatially to tk about something as complicated as this technology and the whole notion of building a company, to be able to take a person and tell their story was important to us t i needed who have interesting stories. and then it was important to me to have people who were not as well-known. i mean, when the book opens i talk about this party that he went to a long time ago, and there was, i think he was the cio of a tech company with a

very, very famous celebrity ceo. and this person started singing a little song and the only lyrics to the song were, i did all the work, he got all the credit. [laughing] and i think that innovation is a team sport, and the analogy that i usually use is of a baseball game where the picture has thrown a perfect game. because anyone who was at that game, sort of watches in awe as the first baseman just steps on the back at the last minute and the outfielder, the catch is making the perfectly calibrated call, and the only thing that goes in history book is at the pitcher threw a perfect game. you i know, anyone who is honest about how to succeed in the valley is going to tell you it was a team effort. that was true then. that is true now.

and so i really wanted a way to tell the story of the people who are just outside the spotlight, but without whom the person in the spotlight wouldn't have been there. >> tell one of the story. >> which one do want to start with? >> sorry, mike. >> how about mike? >> so i'll tell the story of mike, always dangerous when a person sitting in the audience because they can jump up and correct you. so i think a lot of people in this room know who might is. but as i had gone along to other places asking him mike is, not very many people do, which is always a surprise to me. when people know about the founding of apple they know about the two steeds, steve jobs and steve wozniak, in the crotch in 1976. what they don't know is that there was somebody else who owned a third of apple, and that

was mike markkula. the way that history can to make unlikely we'd gotten friendly after my first book which is a biography of bob noisers which will important friend to mike, and so since i do a lot of history, i knew that there were so many of these little startup computer companies all over the bouley, also, all over the country, right? and they all had their brilliant engineers, not as brilliantll as wozniak, , brats, and assorted brilliant marketing guy, not as bright as jobs perhaps but what was it that made apple come up? the more i looked into it the more i realized coming to its eighth there were a lot of people. that's true, there were a lot of people. one of those people was mike. because when you lookk at apple in 1976, steve jobs was 21 years

old. he had 17 17 months the busines experience in his entire life and that was working as a tech for atari. and steve wozniak, you want to stay an engineer at hewlett-packard. he didn't want to start a a company. so how did those two guys end up, the youngest company ever to hit the fortune 500? and the answer is that mike came in and he brought with him i can't of people from the microchip industry. including jean carter who i know is here, and if you look at apple, when they went public, you had, good night, you had the president, the dp manufacturing, the vp marketing, vp sales, the

cfo, the vp h.r. .. le hr, several major investors, sequoia, all brought in by mike through his connections to the semi conductor industry and that to me is a story, remarkable that people didn't know that. the thing about the importance of building on what came before. how foolish would it have been for those two guys, we are going to do it ourselves because everyone else around them tried to do it themselves. >> you can watch this and other programs a look at upcoming. we are live from the university of arizona for the tucson list of all of books with author talks and collins.

this year's festival features msnbc katie tor and charles sang , military historian max to come investigative journalist david cay johnston and many other authors. later in march the virginia or festival of book in charlottesville and the national black writers conference in brooklyn, newok york. in april, we are headed to texas for the san antonio book festival and will be live once again at "the los angeles times" festival of books. for more information about upcoming book fairs and festivals in to watch previous festival coverage, click the book fairs tab on our website, booktv.org. >> i'm not an expert on patriotism, but as much as the conversation about patriotism and what it is and it time and to make sure that people doo understand that my dictionary definition there's a difference

between patriotism and nationalism. patriotism is the course a deep love of country. but one key of patriotism and being a patriot is humility. if you are to patriot you don't go around beating on your chest saying we are better than everybody else. we are the best, we are the strongest. if you are humble enough to know we are in search of a more perfect union. in the very beginning the constitutions in order to seek a more perfect union. that is patriotism. nationalism carries a certain amount of arrogance and conceit and carried to extremes, you can have extreme economic nationalism and also racial nationalism. and we know this. one of the things i wantt to do

is remind people of the that follows,d that extreme economicha nationalism in the 1920s led to the great depression and area nationals come out racial nationalism led to adolf hitler. but suggests we are at this point emulates the authoritarian nature of the presidency, sometimes it's only a short distance to extreme nationalism, which can lead to nativism and that can lead to tribalism and her great historical, never before in mankind united states come in the tribalism if we ever descended into tribalism didn't improve as the land of the free in the home of the l brave.

>> here's a look at some of the current best-selling nonfiction books according to the "washington post." topping the list, and fire and fury, the exposé at the trump white house. after that, fox news host during filming recalls the warranty and 12 battle of new orleans in andrew jackson in the miracle of new orleans. next, clinical psychologist jordan peterson self-help vote, 12 rules for life. then, entrepreneur. the chart gives advice on building a brand in crushing it followed by dana pink's latest self-help book. our look at some of the best-selling books according to the "washington post" continues that marks mentioned leaving happy life. after that come israeli journalist vernon bergman looks at the secret operations and shin bet and the israeli defense force says in rison kills first

appeared harvard professor stephen levinsky examined the causes that lead to breakdowns in democracies around the world and how democracies die, followed by a health advice from dr. ben lunch. wrapping up our look at some of the books from the "washington post" non-fiction bestsellers this is jan patterson look at the least professional football player aaron hernandez convicted of a first-degree murder in all american murder. many of these authors however will appear on booktv. you can watch them on our website, tv.org. >> in those days and until quite recently, the new drones, in the last few years, the kind of thing the air force that they had at the beginning of world ii. [inaudible] >> it is still the case in that you don't know who to aim at.

but that is the current situation. back then, it took them a while to realize when they were flying high altitude, against the aircraft come in the heavy winds took great courage in many, many crews were killed in the course of days. they were hitting what they were aiminget at. really, and there was nothing much you could hit except whole sections of cities. you couldn't get a corner of a factory as they thought they could when they were fine in arizona with clear whether a noted antiaircraft. he didn't have that kind of accuracy at all and you are dying, losing your crew. >> you had to do it during the day when there is light. >> more and more we did with the britishe had done early on, whih was to fly at night or in clubs,

using radar, which is not precise, pretty much the same as that the british were doing and using incendiary as, basically when thehe british started and , which w was aiming at the builtp areas, not because they were workers, but because their houses were closer together and fire would spread batter. or if you got the high explosive bomb, in the case had been down there, whatever people. so the first british baby killers. this is war crime. this was terrible. we came more and more to do that and in japan when wehe discoverd was the jet stream, so-called air when they made it possible to haveit anything very accurately. they decided to adopt fully the

ability to cause a firestorm that demonstrated in hamburg by the british, which is a widespread fire that simultaneously, not just sequentially, but all at the b same time dropping a lot of incendiary in a pattern. so the error would rise very fast, creating low, creating low pressure, bernina and wins from all around, changing the wind patterns basically in the fireplace and the temperatures would now rise to extremely high temperatures, 1200 degrees fahrenheit, 1500 degrees fahrenheit. people being in the shelters are as kirk arnie didn't put it when he came out, people's bodies shrunk in the shelters of

gingerbread people. in tokyo, where this was put to great effect on the ninth of march 9th and 10th, 1945 and how many m people here and i'm sure what is a relatively well in the audience, how many know what i am talking about, the ninth of march 9th? how many do not honestly? okay, they caused a firestorm. when we, become the enormous temperatures. the streets would be multimember names of people who came out of shelters would be caught in the asphalt and would burn like tortures in the enormous win that were hurricane winds basically. pardon me,