. . . . [music] [music] music [music]

[music] >> good evening and welcome to the second presidential debate in the city of tijuana, baja, california. i'm leon contract it's a pleasure and good evening, candidates. of court, all of our public in mexico and our audience. the main objective of this debate has to do with mexico's role in the world. going to take a look at the relevance of mexico in the world and it an emblem matic city in mexico, tijuana. the first time we had debate with a studio audiences. all of them are from tijuana and they will ask a question directly to the presidential candidates. today more than ever, we are very concerned but the million

of mexicans in live in other done countries warm going to debite investment, free trades, and transnational crime, the rights of immigrants, the national elector to institute would like to thank the autonomous university of baja, california, as well as the vice director office here in the tijuana campus so we could hold this debate. this debate is broadcast, the entire country and throughout the world, through the internet as well as social media. as well as through public and private television networks and radio networks. thank you, we'd like to welcome candidate andres man well lopez obrador from the also working together. good -- the coalition working together. good evening, candidate jose antonio meade. candidate rick card noe anyway ya for -- ricardo anae ya and

candidate jaime el bronco calderon he. the studio audience is 42 people selected from a representative sample from the population of tijuana. selected randomly by a private company and the citizen have not decided who they'll vote but have the intention to go the polls in july. each one of these people selected will ask two questions related to issues involving the debate, and the moderators will select six questions asked directly by the studio audience memberes. the first segment candidates will respond. the same question asked by one of the citizens, following the list that was selected randomly. the candidates will have one minute to respond to initial question and then -- up to two minutes to follow up. additionally, they will have the right to two rebuttals of 30

seconds each. those are the rules of this historic debate. and louis, you have the honor to answer the first question. so please ask the question. >> good afternoon, candidates. i have a question. based on the uncertainty we're facing right now as a result of the protectionist attitude in -- and at the renewal of the free trade agreement, what are the specific actions you will adopt to redirect mexican exports to other countries outside of the united states and what about the renegotiations? how will you deal with the north american or u.s. protection gist attitudes and measures -- protectionist attitudes and measures? >> candidate calderon, will answer first. >> well, thank you, and i -- thank you for the question. first of all, we need to wean

ourselves from the gringos, put them in their place as well. we have to talk to the u.s. president the way you need to talk to a president. sometimes we -- when someone is behaves in an animal way, it's something that upsets us, sometimes people who are vitriolic will taste their own venom and i think that's this case. so we know that with asia, india, korea, and south america in particular, maybe we need to establish free trade agreements with those countries and also we need to foster greater trade between all of us here in mexico. >> thank you, candidate rodriguez calderon. candidate, lopez, good evening.

>> well, i maintain that the best policy, the best foreign policy, is shoring up our domestic policy. if we're threatened by the building of walls, and crossing our border and -- to prosecute our fellow citizens, then what we need to do is strengthen our economy and provide enough job opportunities in mexico so people don't need to emigrate. we will support the immigrant because these people are going find a better living standard in the united states. they don't just go because the feel like going. and we agree with the free trade agreement and we need to maximize our relations with the united states, a relationship of friendship but also mutual respect. thank you, lopez obrador.

candidate, anaya, what are pickmer measures that will be taken by your government order to disrespect restrict mexican experts. >> i think it's a key question, one hand which we need to reassess and rethink our relationship with the united states, 80% of our exports are going to the united states. people say that you don't make many mistakes you make one mistake and then you have to deal with the consequences. one historic error was to receive donald trump in -- who was insulting, who was attacking the mexican people. it didn't even take -- bother to read this book. says you have to provoke the opponent and if he is weak, we smash him. and if he is strong, we negotiate. so when my opponent is weak, we crush him. so, if you want to be respected,

you have to respect yourself first. a president needs to behave with dignity, and i will defend the national interests. >> candidate -- i'd like to know what are the specific actions to redirect mexican exports in order to reduce the economic impacts resulting from our overreliance on the nafta agreement? thank you. >> we have opportunities throughout the world and we're going to take advantage of them before we talk about trade and investment. we need to talk but mutual respect, president trump four days ago, on again, insulted us, and every time he insults our immigrants, their lives, and their dignity in my government we will not allow any agreement of any kind regarding any issues that are not based on that respect. i will not allow under any

circumstances that we be disrespected, never. that is my commitment to you. >> thank you, candidate meade. now let's continue with the questions, candidate -- the difficulty with the free trade agreement negotiations are not understandable without the presidency, president trump, so when donald trump announced he would be president in june 2015, took 90 seconds before he started attacking mexico. called the mexicans criminals, drug traffickers, rapists, and he hasn't stopped since. he has offended millions of mexican families here and in the united states. you have said that you will ask that trump respect us. how do you measure that respect in give me one parameter, specific parameter, that is measurable so we can realize that donald trump is now

respecting us and how do we aachiever that specifically. >> through moral authority. the presidents of mexico have not had that moral authority, and at the same time, not the political authority. donald trump has offended mexico, he's offended the government of mexico. he said that the government is corrupt. well, funny thing, i have to accept that. it hurts to have to admit that, that the government of mexico is corrupt, but i don't allow a foreign government to say that. we are free, we are independentment i understand that. but what -- give me a parameter that is measurable, something quantifiable.

>> honesty, are you talk bought the relations with in the united states and mexico? >> mexico. >> the government of mexico must be honest. we cannot simply shine a light on the street and inside a house we're dark. we the -- the government of mexico -- and i'm saying quite a bit here -- that -- conducting negotiations that mexico wants. >> i understand but my question is, for example, you talked about importing, for example, corn, and let's say trump is going to impose measures against the the avocado experts from mexico to the united states. that would be a trade war and that would hurt our economy.

what are you going to do suspectly. >> let's understand ourselves. we are going to negotiate with trump with authority and sovereignty, which is something that previous governments in mexico have not done. because they don't have that moral authority, because they were corrupt governments, so we are going to change the relationship and trump is going to have to learn to respect us. i can assure you that. >> thank you, candidate lopez obrador. candidate meade negotiation rebuttal. >> thank you. i'd like to just dish want to respond to the very pick question, what do toe do to diverse free trade. a major preafraid grandma was gauched so we can export goods to the third largest trade area in the world, japan, korea. now, we know that more rain na here, his party either they

don't know what needs to be done or don't want to progress. well, if this debate -- the intention is to attack me, then it's understandable. we're ahead by 25 points in the polls, and they're hoping to gain some lost ground here. to overcome their disadvantage. it's not going to work. i'm not going to fall to any provocation. >> well, a very specific question was asked, lopez obrador, and as usual he hasn't answered. mexico needs the united states but the u.s. also needs mexico. why do we ask for these visas to people who are come from countries that antagonist stick to the united states, iraq and iran, how many toriis have come

to the united states through mexico? zero. let put a our cards on the table firmly. candidate calderon, your first rebuttal. how do re replace the corn experts you talk about? >> well, we need to step up to the plate and not allow any offensive behavior, either trade or another n other areas. andres doesn't seem to know about production. an advantage in the polls is not enough. santos deluca, despite those poll results well, export somewhere else. >> what if on july 1st you are elect president of mexico. and i know that you have declared that through the hamp

hamburger strategy you will negotiate with president trump and assume that doesn't, and you wake up and get this horrible twitter announcing that the free trade agreement is now going to be nullified between mexico and the united states and canada. what would you do? >> well, obviously the free trade agreement is not enough in itself. we have the capacity to negotiate and trade with any other part of the world. we have to get rid of third this idea -- rid of this idea that we're a mouse that can't do anything. so i have two -- i don't have a plan b, by the way. have two plans or three plans a. well, what is your other plan a? >> we need be very clear in our negotiations with president trump. so he doesn't call us animals. we're going to be speaking directly at him. so that he understands fully that nobody has responded.

he certainty his son-in-law -- he sent his son-in-law and i'm going to negotiate, i'm going to speak frankly with him, and i think in the free trade agreement we can talk not just about trade. we also need to talk about the integrity of people and the free trade agreement is a path. we negotiated everything in trade, yet we didn't include banks or oil. you would include those. you would include those in a renegotiation of the never agreement? >> yes, but we need established conditions. what if we recover banamex? we gave that away. >> you're talking about what, ex-appropriation by banks? >> berg to ensure that the u.s. negotiator understanded that we also have our own cards. if we look at the original agreement -- i have a team working on this, there's an

alternative. look at other countries, other markets, that will allow mexico -- >> excuse me let get bank to banking. are you talk bet ex-appropriate operating a bank what? is -- >> what was not gauched in in the previous nafta agreement. >> are you telling me you would be willing to ex-appropriate operate a bank in banames? >> yes if the american continue if the i firm-hand approach, we need to return to mexico many things and not giving everything away. we need to wean ourselves from the americans. we need talk on an equal foot beingive em. >> would you be willing to ex-appropriate operate something else? >> let's leave it there and i'll answer later. >> thank you, candidate rodriguez calderon. now, let's coin with candidate mead, as you know this situation that we find ourselves in,

enegotiating the freed trade agreement, wouldn't be happening if donald trump was not elected president. you were foreign minister when donald trump came on the political scene and several voices cite sided you for dealing with the trump threat with such timidity, and in the scenario in washington, there was a candidate that was highly anti-mexican, first time, by the way in the history of the united states, openly anti-mexican candidate. so, i ask you, were you mistaken as a foreign minister at the time? should you have been more firm with trump? >> i their thought he would win. the fact is very few believed, all those that are listening to us. even that day, on election day, i didn't think he would be elect. it was a surprise. the election. and the fact is that we faced the scenario that is very encompassing and complex. we were clear in denouncing his racism, his ignorance, and we --

if like he said, how would you measure these results when trump ran for president, he said that the remittanceses would end, and we have a cross border tax imposed there would be raids conducted and the free trade agreement would be cancelled. today with all of the problems and challenges, many 0 of the threats on the horizon now coming to the fortfront. >> well, the government of mexico a year ago tried -- invited president trump to -- the economist mag said is was unfavorable. mexican said they were offends by his visit. you clear declared that president trump's visit served mexico and trump no longer saw mexico as a threat, as an ally, but with all due respect year later, it's not the case i. don't see it. how do you respond. >> in well, i see it many ways.

right now people living in fear -- no, -- let me answer. as we already heard, we know that there's government here that calls immigrants animal and we say that's unacceptable, we should also remember what is the threat we faced last year in last year we saw with the new administration that the u.s. withdraw from the free trade agreement and in fact said he was going leave the paris climate agreement. that's. >> that's not what i'm asking. sir, sir. the question is, yes or no, were you -- was president nieto wrong in inviting president trump? >> well, been judges be the results. look at the results, they withdrew from the tpp, the nuclear agreement withdrawn, the unu.n. immigration agreement, they're withdrawn from. the paris agreement, they're were drawn from. now we're making a huge accident we want the immigrants to know

as well, we are not going to rest until we have not assured your safety, and we will work with civil society, we will work with litigation and with full determination commitments so we don't face that. >> candidate anae ya. president of france, macron, trade to make friends with donald trump. took him around paris, showed him the eiffel tower, then he went to the white house and they even planted a tree together. macron wanted to convince the president, just like candidate meade, to respect -- get him to respect the paris climate agreement and he was unsuccessful to get any of those things. you said you have to confront trump in an interview. you said, you would say, excuse me just leave. so that is -- with all due respect, that confrontation policy hasn't even been attempted at that level with kim jong-un. so with the free trade agreement

on at the table, how far would you be with a that kind of confrontation approach. >> i said clearly, in poll sicks you don't make many mistakes. you make one big misstation and then then you deal with the consequences, one mistake here, hugh mailation -- humiliation of the mexico people, insulting and attacking the mexicans, calling us rapists and murders and they gave him the red carpet treatment. so even in the books he has published he likes to provoke help said so he likes to provoke the adversary. >> the question is are you going to confront donald trump? with total firmness and dignity? to get that mutual respect. >> houston how? >> in terms of security, they need us and they need us a lot. we have a 3,000-kilometer border dating back to the 1990s, the

terrorist attack on the twin towers. how many terrorists have entered the u.s. through mexico? zero. which country does texas export the most? mexico, by far. texas exports more goods to mexico than all of the united states exports to japan. so, we want that respect, relationship of mutual respect. >> you said when you don't respect yourself, you're not going to get respect from others. understand that. here say, former foreign minister, suggests we need to draw a red line and even suspend some cooperation issues. are you going to suspend some cooperation issues and agenda? could you or any of the candidate? you're going to be in office six years, president trump may be here for eight years so you will be at the same time. so what your fare, who is a brilliant intellectual, said that the bullies can never be

play indicated. you have -- placated. you have to confront them because the only respect miami would respect themselves. of course we have to put our cards on the table, everything that has to do with our relationship and when he seize firmness and dignities shown by the mexicans, we will gain that respect. i think that's the way to go. the president that behaves with dignity and fully defends our national interests, we put everything on the table, all our cards, and it's going to be a one-on-one negotiation, and in those kinds of negotiations you get fruitful, positive results. when you behave with firm courage and determination. >> well, i think courage is something that you see one-to-one when you face -- when mexico faces an adversary, talks to somebody that threatens, and if you don't face them, you don't tell them where the limbs are, where the boundaries are, if you don't have that, watt kind of relationship can we

expect? what are we going to give up? and if after a certain tomb that readline, those boundaries have been respected, then diplomacy will work. it's not simply hiding behind a border and throwing out insults. >> candidate rodding reguess kole dereason, any response? >> do i have time? >> yes. this is your rebuttal time. >> i believe that you need to strengthen our national economy first. we need to take it out of its neglect and strengthen our export markets and agricultural commodities, not just depend on oil escorted. if we do this we'll be stronger and not be at the mercy of the threat of any foreign

government. >> candidate anaya. i know this segment talk about investment. in order to have jobs you have to foster greater investment. now, as we begin, when you were the mayor of mexico city, the -- let me hang on to my wealth -- wallet first -- investment dropped precipitously when you were the head of the government of mexico city so when you don't have investments, you don't have jobs. how do you explain this? >> well, think this -- i think really the whole thing gets back to all three of the candidates. they're all deceiving the mexican people. one with slogans of peace and love, and the other one, all three positions he couldn't answer, and then he talks about that -- well, he talk about trump but his three children are

in the united states. and all three of them are not going to be able to talk but trump because they all have the same background. >> all right, let's move on to the second segment of our discussion. it is a very important question you wanted to raise. >> yes. the indignities that the immigrants are suffering, the way they're treat, is terrible. we saw the massacre, the practically and recently -- the way immigrants have been treated and even immigrants that were kidnapped by criminal groups. so my question is, how do you hope to help those immigrants that cross into mexico, whether they're haitians, central

meshes, africans so we can have that moral authority and ask for being -- our mexican immigrants to be treated with dignity in the united states? >> all right, let me just recap some information, getting back to humanitarian crisis. according to amnesty international, mexico experts more refugees back to central america than the united states, tornado of the central americans have been victim offered some type of violence. a third are women have been sexually attacked and raped in our country. a third. going through our country. go ahead, rodriguez calderon. >> well issue think there's a very important thing we need to mention. we have to treat them well. we have been losing that humanity in our government

because with these three political parties they provoke all of the problems that mexico is facing. if we stop just looking north wedderword, we also need to look southwards if if we churn it into another california, that potential is huge and then we can contain the immigration but in a humane manner. all those that cross mexico should be able to do it with dignity. that the authorities are not per cutting people, the authorities need to have -- be able to understand and listen and to allow people to cross. they're going to the united states because you said they have jobs that pay bet, better living conditions. >> thank you. i think you're right. we do not have -- we're not going to have any moral authority if we ask the united

states to treat our immigrants well, how can we do that if we're not treat the central americans coming into temperature country with dignity. we need set are example. we need to cooperate with the central american countries and show them that one peso invested in cooperation is worth much more than a's peso invest in a ridiculous swamp ace the one that donald trump wants to build. we have to do many things to confront the problem. immigrants that come in include those that are unaccompanied children calving alone, children,s a lessens, facing the abuses we just mentioned. need to invest first in health care, address the need of immigrants. every time we see a child, an ace less sent in the -- adolescent in the immigration process, they're also face with many times severe health

problems so we need to have immigration hand in hand with health care. let me just mention that the challenge is so great that the government needs to work as a team. the churches are part of that team. a major partner and can help us a lot in dealing with this crisis. >> i think it's up to husband to continue with negotiating the free trade agreement and we should include not only trade issues. we also need to increase salaries but we should also propose for the united states that we sign an agreement similar to the alliance for progress that would include canada, the united states, mexico, and central american countries so we can launch projects in central america in

mexico, aimed at development, aimed at creating more job improve live living conditions. that's how we achieve peace. that's comprehensive proposal that gets to the root causes, not just trade that should concern us. what is essential is improving living standards of the immigrants. what motivates people leave their country and move elsewhere. >> it's interest, candidate, president trump only praises mexico in one thing. we know that for him and for general john kelly the southern bored sheer be the first line of defense in north america. he likes that. in fact the idea of militarizing that, so following that, the southern border should be the first line of defense or it should be the first line of defense or a point of entrance for the refugees? well, first of all, those are who are fleeing mow are freeing

narl disasters and needs to be saved with open arm. let me just recognize the people of tijuana because the haitian that -- haitians that arrived here, come frog the poorest country, from a natural disaster, hat been received in a way that donald trump and the united states doesn't want to receive the mexicans. we look at those, how they've been integrated into society, how they're creating new families, working with dignity, with loyalty to the country that opened the doors. that's the kind of mexico i want. a mexico that is generous, that opens with arms to our brothers and sisters who are suffering from elsewhere, and once we do that, we will have that moral authority to demand that the united states do the same thing. >> well, the haitians are one thing. central americans are very different because of the

numbersful both guatemala, honduras and el salvador every been countries offeror infor immigrants. we know that from hon dura and el salvador, many of them are leaving from violence. they don't want to just cross mexico. they want to take advantage of their links and if we change the southern boundary, with we could turn the southern boundary with central most into a magnet for development, we could empower the and strength that relationship that predate these creases crises and approved more dignity so we can coexist peacefully, that will benefit mutual prosperity. >> well, i know that we will

establish tee juan -- this announcement i want to make. the national immigration institute and this -- we know that our neighbors to the north, the united states, would like is to us continue to do their dirty work and detain the central american immigrants on our border who are looking for better living standards north of us. who are people who are fleeing because of extreme poverty and also violence. so the government of mexico, the next democratic government of mexico, has decided that that institution, the national immigration institute, will be located near tijuana. >> candidate calderon. >> so, the transit and movement that we're talking about earlier can be contained but without any

act of violence. we have to respect the people's dignity. today we have no longer borders. people can do many things and we need to work on this relationship, not only with the governments but with individuals. southeastern part of the country, for example, we see people going to leon, tijuana, sonar a, we can key taken in the southeastern part of the country all the people by giving them jobs, improving infrastructure and improving opportunities but because of the political pears and all these political pears here, they have governed in states and hearts done their job. we need to create job coalitions in order to improve living standards. now, providing asylum is very complicated in mexico watch you consider changing the system in order to ensure that mexico severs more central american

immigrant? >> of course. >> and we have elementary law, let's treat our fellow citizens the way we want to be treated. we want the united states to try to treat our images withing it in -- immigrants with dignity and we demand -- for example the haitians are asking for asylum and are refused but mexico legislation is very rigids in this area two concretes proposals. we need cooperation with central america. we see three countries that are fundamental -- those countries that have sent these people into our country and we also need to have the right legislation that we hope at thundershower neighbor also has when -- talking about refugee immigrants. >> would you like to add to that? >> well, if we improve our legislation and our procedures, we can provide better service but there's one other thing

here. a lot of that immigration is associated also with -- it's a link to human trafficking, money laundering and other criminal enterprises. that's why we have to trying the right balance between the images who come here with a willingness and who are not committing any crimes and those who are encouraging criminal activities and many of them are victims. we have to look at each one of those areas separately. candidate lopez obrador. >> i reiterate that we need to have cooperation for development. we can need to agree, to this brood encompassing grandma with the united states, and let me get back to the creation of another alliance for progress. i thought that was an excellent

mechanism. we need to reach an agreement on all the government to in north america and central america, which this proposal -- this aim to try to attack the root causes. thank you. >> candidate calderon, would you like to now thing you have 30 seconds. >> yes. i think mexico must consider that the mexican immigrants, they send back to mexico, 585 billion pesos a year. so, we devote over a billion. we need to devotes over a billion pesos to this program, to help immigrants. we need to change that. we need to. >> of course, a lot of what we have been wasting in programs that just provide for welfare and lead to greater poverty. anything else? >> just to add one thing. we have been talking about very

relevant issue which has to do with money laundering and has an impact on security as well. rick card dough know thursday other side of the equation and we still haven't seenng mexican.

this runs 90