>> people will do anything and i mean anything to be one of the winners. >> you watch this and other programs online epic tv network. >> good morning. please take your seats. it's a good time to turn your cell phones off as we begin the program. i like to welcome everyone to this exciting session author series with stuart eizensta. i am eric, head of external relations at wells fargo and honor to be here today because i brought my three young boys and so excited for the session and

to celebrate reading and celebrate literacy. at wells fargo we think literacy and education and reading is so important. they are the building blocks of successful and enriching life. that's right we are proud for the eighth euro to be the charter sponsor of the national book festival. and that, we focus on reading for the year. last year we gave out more than 57000 bucks and her team members read to 104,000 children all around the country. i have to tell you if you're looking for fun things to do at the national book festival today, after the session, go all the way downstairs to the basement to the america reads pavilion and their wells fargo volunteer will host gratuities. my boys and i just did a horse bouncy racing game, they are younger and faster than i am but we've got great authors reading to children in audiobook secti

section, arts and crafts and so much more. come down to that pavilion. without further ado, i'm excited to introduce the spirit of wells fargo were excited to be part and of course i want to carry it over to our moderator, cochairman of the national book festival and we all know david rubenstein. >> thank you very much. how many people here live through the washington dc in the carter years? okay. having people worked in the corridor and ministration? how many people have met jimmy carter? we have a fixed person to talk about the carter administration, carter white house and my former boss, i was a deputy, stuart eizensta. when we talk about his introduction in his book called carter president in the white house years. stuart is a native of atlanta,

went to grady high school where he was an all-american tabasco player. yes, that is true. he then went to university of north where he did not play basketball but tried out that he'd be better as an academic order and graduated phi beta kappa. he went to harvard law school and came to the johnson white house and worked there for president johnson and in 1968 campaign for hubert humphrey. he then went back to atlanta, practice law and became a partner for al goldstein and got to know someone who is running for governor of georgia, named jimmy carter. got involved in helping him and then help jimmy carter in 1976 campaign for president of the united states and was the principal policy advisor and domestic policy advisor during the four years of white house. since the time stuart has served in government as well in the clinton administration serving as initially the ambassador to

the european union, later as the under secretary of commerce for international trade, later than as the undersecretary of economic affairs in the state department and later as deputy secretary of treasury. during obama, he served x special role of a person who with the holocaust production and on work in making certain people have access taking away from the holocaust has been given back to them to the rightful owners. stuart is the father of two sons and grandfather of eight grandchildren, is that right? he's written several other books but the focus today on this one. stuart, thank you very much for coming. carter's administration ended abruptly 40 years ago delighted you almost wait 40 years to write this book about president carter and how did you have the

time to do it? your job as a partner in a law firm and practicing law for a number of years in washington so how did you have time to do this and was it a labor of love or difficult going back to some of the times in the carter years? >> it was a labor of love. as you remember, president carter suffered the greatest political defeat of any incumbent president in modern times. since then -- and up until the time of the publication of this book that meant, for many people, he had a failed presidency. i decided it was time to write a reassessment of the carter presidency, warts and all. it's honest and candid about the mistakes but also recognizes, in my opinion, he was the most accomplished and underappreciated one for president in american history, 70% of our legislation -- [applause] walter mondale, vice president, put it simply.

we told the truth, we obey the law and kept the peace but there's so much more than tha that -- [applause] >> let me ask you about this. by the way, was this an authorized book the jimmy carter asked you to do? >> absolutely not an authorized book. i conducted 350 interviews, five times with him from 1991 through 2013. i interviewed people who are positive and negative, detractors and supporters and i have the authenticity of the book depends not only on the interviews but back that i kept over 5000 pages of contemporaneous notes on 103 legal pads verbatim notes of everything i saw and heard. i called it as it was. i told him when i started writing the book i was going to do it warts and all. if i did not do that than the positive aspects would be discounted and i think he understood this and maybe shorts

at some of the words but overall has been supportive of the book and recognizes it does give a new reassessment of the carter presidency. interesting, political hero was harry truman and he is famous slowing, the buck stops here and put it on his oval office desk but both left the white house highly unpopular with women is now remembered more for his achievements and failures and hope my book will have a similar impact on carter as president, not just as an admired former president. >> usually they write two types of books, i'm great but the present was a great or i'm great and the president was great but you are one that says i was pretty good but not perfect and you said carter was pretty good but not perfect. when you relived your mistakes and mistakes, was that people?

>> it was painful. i wanted it to be an honest book and i do not decide in this book if it only listen to me. [laughter] i could have said because david was my immediate deputy before he was the david rubenstein and i could have said that all the successes were due to recommendations and the failures to mine but i decided not to do that as well. i mean, it is a book which is honest about my mistakes. i did not, for example, catch in placement early enough. i did not give him the right device when bert lance was declining. there was a number of things i made mistakes on as well and again, that gives it credibili credibility. >> of the back 21st met jimmy carter. when did you first meet him? >> this is a story about how in politics and in life one should follow one part and not mind. after a year in the johnson

white house and half a year as hubert humphrey's recent instructor in the 60 campaign against nixon when he lost it went back to atlanta, my hometown, clerked for a federal judge and made a beeline for the sumptuously well appointed office of former governor carl sanders would run again. he was the odds one favor and i said i'm a hometown boy and worked in the white house with jonathan in humphrey and i like to help you. he did not even help but give me a brief meeting and high school friend said you got to meet a former state senator, jimmy carter, who is run unsuccessfully once in 1960 and running again. i said no, i medicament but he badgered me so much i finally did and the meeting could not have been a greater contrast to carl sanders who was well coiffed and well upholstered office but jimmy carter, i met him in a stark office that had

one table, metal folding chairs addressed in khaki pants and open heart and workboots but what attracted me and it was an attraction that has remained to this day is first, he was highly intelligent but second, i saw him as someone who would come from a infested hamlet from southwest georgia but understood the urban problems of atlanta. most support for me the favored civil rights. he said the time for dissemination is over and that sold me on him and he took that into his governorship and that was in fact the key ingredient of his inaugural address and put martin luther king's portrait in the state capital which i can assure you was highly unpopular and civil rights became an enduring part of his presidential legacy as well. again, a humorous moment -- 74 appointed by chairman of the

democratic national committee to head the congressional campaign for the 74 election and asked me to present or produce a series of issue papers about 25-30 on every issue critiquing the action in ministration and getting alternatives that democratic candidates could run on. i called them up that i like to take you out to lunch, governor, i have an idea. we sat at the restaurant in underground atlanta and said i got a wild idea. if you run for president there will be a need for a southern on the ticket but if you win a few southern primaries perhaps will get the second post and he said, in his to the grid, i will run and i don't intend to be vice president, would you like to join my presidential campaign. from 74 on i became his policy director and the rest is history. >> how to do practice law and

also help on the campaign? >> the same way people say how can you be on 20 nonprofit boards and run a major corporation and that is good board put 24 hours in a day. >> so you did that. carter strategy was fairly unique and the focus on iowa. many people do not realize iowa was so important. what was the strategy and did he win iowa or not? >> why did he win the nomination against well-financed, well-known congressman like [inaudible] and so many others. it was for two or three reasons. first of all, he was then indefatigable campaigner but he campaign before the iowa caucus for 100 days and before anyone knew the iowa caucus meant anything. they were not just a primary but he understood that under the new

mcgovern rules which you just come into effect that the party bosses would no longer be able in a smoke-filled rooms to choose a nominee. the people would get it. he went to homes, carried his own bag and he went in 100 different instances but there's a second reason he won. he alone among the democratic candidates welcomed organized with the american people wanted in the presidential election of 76 it was not a revival of lb g great society having worked for johnson, someone i would have liked but that's not what people wanted. in a post- watergate era they wanted honesty, integrity, transparency and when he promised i will never tell a lie the government that's what struck at the chords of people's hearts and this was again an interesting story. he got 27% of the vote in iowa.

[inaudible] got 30% and undecided got 60%. headlines, carter wins iowa and that brought this on the new hampshire and into the white house. >> as i recall the amount of votes he got was by 11000 and today takes a hundred thousand win iowa. he goes to new hampshire and all of a sudden he wins new hampshire. >> and then new hampshire allows itself the same retail politicking you can do and i wanted house to house, small town meetings, town hall meetings and they want to know you're there and government is good as a people, ethics reform, world, high ground, but that he began to broaden and he was running in the democratic primary. he talked about the need for education and about the need for investment. >> [inaudible]

>> after we won in iowa quote unquote, a so-called peanut grade was started by [inaudible]. he had been a peanut farmer and they got together hundreds of people from georgia who went door to door in new hampshire literally door to door handing out literature and this peanut brigade plus his whole family being a incredible campaigner and this is an interesting story. when he ran for governor he was so shy she shook on the bay of pigs could hardly speak. she evolved into a menace campaigner and by the way the great first lady but only the second verse later after eleanor roosevelt to testify in congress and this on her own legislation. she was an enormous asset at the peanut brigade really spread the word and got him door-to-door.

>> are you amazed that after all these years they still call for rosalynn? >> is rosalynn. but it spelled rosalynn. >> he wins new hampshire and he goes to get the nomination but the liberals of the party say is moderate or conservative could be the nominee and that they together and get one candidate? >> the crowd made a fundamental mistake. they said let's let carter do the dirty work of getting george wallace, segregationist governor of alabama from out of the race and give him a clear field in the north carolina in florida. then we will take them on. by then it was too late. when we went out to lena and one for the he developed the momentum and it was almost unstoppable but they were two huge road bumps on the way. the first was that going into the first northern primary in pennsylvania we had the broaden

the message he was not just a southern candidate and he, incorrectly, that the way to do it was an appeal to perhaps the worst instincts of the white working class. use the term preserving the ethnic purity of ethnic neighborhoods. polish, czech and so forth. that caused an uproar. here is a virtually unknown candidate and even the mayor of atlanta, mayor jackson, said this is not the jimmy carter i know and maybe we got the wrong guy. he was saved by one absolutely crucial thing. andrew young had been the first congressman elected from the deep south since reconstruction and i had helped him in my late white, friend. i called in the office that you know carter and know that he's not a racist. andy got martin luther king's senior junior had already been

assassinated, head of the ebenezer baptist church to carter and had a big rally in the piedmont park in atlanta and danny king embraced jimmy and said we know you're a good man and we support you. the other in a general election was the playboy interview. would bite. >> advised him to give an interview to playboy? >> not many volunteers who will say they recommended it. [laughter] this is one case where is not me. it was a secretary and his medications and why? it was because they had the sense as we were broadening to go countrywide that he was seen as an uptight baptist. they had to show he was a real guy. what better place to do that than playboy? actually, the interview was

basic policy questions, the ones unite worked on with the list dozens of policy but as a reporter was leaving his house in planes carter thought his tape recorder was off and so as he's going out the door he said by the way, you are a baptist but what is the baptist view of sex? thinking the tape recorder was off he said well, jesus said that a man and woman in marriage not have sex outside of marriage but men are have left a lost in their hearts. there's a provocative model on the front with carter lust in your heart. here the whole image that had been build up any realistic image of a happily married man with a real religious man was busted and that all was a big setback. >> but he overcame that and ultimately move forward. he gets nomination in new york city but before the nomination

can be given help a vice president. why did he mondale? >> for several reasons. first, thorough interviewing process done by his lawyer in atlanta. mondale one for several reasons. first, he did his homework. he read carter's book and everything about him. the chemistry was there both by joe and his wife and they needed a northern liberal someone who was experience in the senate and someone who is strong with the constituency groups he was weak with, jews, organized labor and liberals but there is a humorous part to this, too. there were several other candidates who buy for the job. one made the mistake of saying by the way, jimmy, you should know thinking this would help, one of my distant relatives was

general sherman. the march through georgia is still remembered to the state and that did not help. the other one said i want you to know that one of my favorite foods is blue eyed peas. [laughter] >> right. so -- >> mondale did not say blue eyed peas. >> so then the campaign against the incumbent but not elected president gerald ford and there were presidential debates. now, they're never been presidential debates before except in john kennedy's 1960 but why did carter and who challenge to for the debates and how do you prepare carter for the debates? >> we challenged ford because we thought it was important to go on to a national stage and demonstrate we could go to toe. you and i help prepare books for them and i have to say again in

one of my mistakes as i prepared a briefing book cannot exaggerate that was 6 inches thick. that's not how you briefed a president for a debate. you give him questions and answers and he refused also out of hubris practice, absolutely the practice. the first question and the first debate in philadelphia was the softball. we run against the quote unquote for a session against unemployment and high inflation. the first question predictable was mr. carter, what would you do for the economy and he totally blew the answer. i almost fell off my chair. what saved us was the second debate. in the second debate which was the foreign policy debate, ford was asked the following question. what do you think about soviet domination of eastern europe? we were in the cold war. ford says there is no soviet domination.

max franco from "the new york times" says did i hear you correctly are you saying the soviet union does not dominate eastern europe and said yes, that's funny. he meant but carter last onto it and said i think that check americans and polish americans and ukrainian americans would very much disagree and of course they do. ford did not realize and interviewed jim baker one of the people interviewed was his campaign manager and he said for three days they trafficked against ford and he made a great mistake and needed to apologize and he didn't and that really turns the tables and showed this one term georgia governor could handle the job as well as a 25 year commitment in the white house. >> carter gets elected and when he is elected okay i had a secret group that was very and

election tradition group and am now going to have them on the transition and then there was people working the campaign's what happened between the two groups clashing about who would run the transition? >> it was a forerunner of the organizational problems that i like to talk about in the white house because unbeknownst to us carter had asked jack watson, a talented attorney to have a separate transition group working on the same policies you and i were working on in the trenches but you work 24 hours a day, seven days a week and you candidate wins expect to have a major job but so does the people in this other transition route there was a tremendous clash between them. it was resolved only in the last two days before we took over. on a more positive note during a transition mondale reluctantly decided to run for vice president because his mentor,

hubert humphrey had been humiliated lyndon johnson. humiliated, not allowed into meetings and often waited a half hour for the vice president of the united states in front of the staff for a meeting and he was not given access to secret documents and he wanted to make sure that did not happen so he sent carter into transition a memo with two requests access to all papers, access to all meetings, one-on-one luncheons in the white house and carter approved every one of them and added one additional one. that is anyone who knows anything about real estate, location, location and it's the same in politics. he moved the vice president to where it is today right down the hall in the west wing and that location set everything about mondale stature. carter did not know most of the people he selected but how did he select the cabinet?

>> the cabinet was selected in part by his de facto chief of staff. mondale got a lot of the people he had known, adams and others into the position and the key to positions and here was my first disagreement. as he was coming into office. i was the only campaign aide who carter allowed to sit in on the postelection cia briefings. he was now president-elect. during one of the breaks in the briefings we went off to the side of the house and he said stuart, i think of appointing fans as secretary of state and steve as national security advisor but because i coordinated all policy i worked on foreign policy and i said, either one would be great for that position but together they would be poison. it will not work.

he said why? i said because sai is a dove on the soviet union and the other one is a quarter and have great difficulty reconciling it. i like differences of opinion and i can handle it. it created a dissonance on foreign policy is not resolved until the soviets invaded afghanistan christmas 1979 when carter clearly landed into the hard-line camp of [inaudible]. he was criticized early on for having a bunch of georgians who were inexperienced and you worked in the white house but still only 34 years old and the other were younger than you. to think carter made a mistake and having so many georgians who had no experience especially at 33 -- [laughter] >> yes, the answer is every president brings his campaign staff with him. it's the [inaudible] the

difference is those are people who knew washington and who had themselves been in the congress or insubstantial positions. carter came in without any experience but brought people into the white house in the top aides would never been in the white house and made the fatal error of thinking that the real problem with watergate was bob, nixon's chief of staff kept everyone away and that was not the problem. the problem was he was a crook. [laughter] the chief of staff is essential. ford, although after nixon became president, he many congressmen do not want a chief of staff either. the first weeks of the four presidency were chaotic. mack cheney to meet one of the interviews that they gave cheney a broken bicycle wheel when he

is going out to show the system that ford had and that ford adopted where five or six presidential's had equal access and there's no chief of staff was wrong and he left that broken bicycle wheel in the office is that it's a mistake, don't do it but carter did not listen and he did not have a chief of staff and did not have an experience chief of staff. reagan learned the lesson. what did. >> what did reagan do when he won? >> he was also an experienced who had jim baker, kim he was george hw bush's chief of staff and made all the different. >> he is the first democratic president in the ears and congress controlled by the democrats and the democrats did whatever carter wants, was that right? or did not happen that way?

>> maybe if it was republican but this is a democrat. >> why did they like him better? >> first of all, they did. one of the things that i try to picture is that he was unsuccessful in congress. congress passed almost 70% of his legislation and just under the% of the legendary lyndon johnson. the problem was however that he proposed david so much at the same time so many priorities, tax reform, health insurance and so forth, panama canal, treaties that he got lost and he had not the capacity of showing that half of [inaudible] was a victory. compromise became difficult to be achieved enormous amount but there was always paled in comparison to what we had proposed. the democratic party was very much split between he had two bases, southern conservatives and the northern liberals. in the senate in particular the

house with tip o'neill they passed everything. the senate became an indian burial ground for the legislation because of the division. we achieved a lot but it was done with a lot of blood on the table. >> what about carter's working style? did he like to call the staff in and ask questions? >> david, you been a ceo and you interviewed ceos for your program and the president of the united states was chief executive officer of the largest enterprise in the world. trillions of dollars of revenue, of the managers and tens of millions of employees but the president constitutionally has few powers in his commander-in-chief. that is it. carter failed to recognize he was his weakness and strength for reasons i mentioned in a minute.

he failed to realize the president has to be a politician in chief. he is to take the week constitutional powers, he his party, cook's people to support him, smooths, do the small favors, notes on birthdays, project here and there to get a vote and he great difficult to doing that and saw the job as an academic job. he made decisions by written memorandum and he read voraciously. he always wanted more and he would circle misspellings and the manicurist and it's better than what we see in tweets -- [laughter] but it was a problem. the human contact on decisions is important and empowers cabinet officers in congress but when they see the president what he can see the pressures personally in the best way to convince the president was to put it this way. >> he had been carter's

principal supporter in aid and the genius behind the 76 campaign and he said stuart, i'll give you an early lesson. never say mr. president, this decision will help you politically or you will lose. he had a very odd view of politics. he was a ferocious campaigner but he wanted to do what he considered the right thing politically and then hope that the political chips ultimately would fall this way. again failing to recognize you have to marry politics and policy all the time so again, we never said mr. president, this decision will help you but that was his weakness but his strength. because of that he was willing to take on issues others were not, panama canal, middle east peace process the energy policy knowing it would hurt him politically and knowing it would

be buddy. >> did he a brief agenda prove people of using the tennis courts? that was a rumor always. >> this is such a myth. the fact is he was incredibly generous to us as a staff. he did things no other president did. he allowed his senior staff to have camp david which, by the way, you almost sold as a way of saving money but he let us use that on weekends which was a godsend. he let his staff use the tennis courts and only said set up so i'm not at the same time and the notion that he micromanaged the schedule is incorrect. it fit in with this notion of excessive attention to detail and next of huge generosity to the staff. >> let's talk about his greatest success, camp david. he tried to get in the middle of the middle east peace process and invited people to kill statement and do they think that was a good idea how did he pull it off over 13 days? >> person have you made a historic trip to jerusalem to

start the process and then an impasse developed and they couldn't resolve their differences. he wanted everything back from sinai. in an act of desperation, carter thinking that his whole historic effort would fail the risk that almost all of his advisers advised him not to. he invited them to the presidential retreat at camp david. through 13 agonizing days and nights carter personally wrote 20 draft in a negotiated with the private start israel and with the .-dot because they were two scorpions in a bottle. they never met the first day in the last. then he added to personal touches and compared that with some of the summits we've seen. number one, the first of the sundaes of the 13 days he took them to gettysburg battlefield to demonstrate the five wars

were enough. sadat was a general. he knew the charge and he was so moved he verbatim to the gettysburg address. then the last sunday we were close on agreement but not near and he said i've had it no more comprises. i've a plane waiting for me. he said get me out of here. he called it a luscious concentration camp. carter, knowing this would blow up the middle east in his own presidency, knowing what vacant lot which was his grandchildren got eight photographs of himse himself, sadat personally autographed and walk them over to his cabin and handed them to him and saw tears well up in his eyes as he read each of his grandchildren seems to put his bags down and said i'll make one last try. the rest is history. >> they got the agreement and came down to the white house -- [applause] but it time for carter to go

back to the middle east -- >> everyone thanks the end was camp david. david was the framework. was in a binding treaty. it was three months to finish it with six months they still had so carter took another risk. this was unanimously opposed. he went back to the region to try to put this back into a formal treaty and again it look like we had failed. the last day carter is an the king david hotel, has his bags packed and the airspace was cleared for air force one and he calls and says mr. president, i like to see you for progress. carter alex making it says in the lobby would you please entertain the prime minister while i get dressed and ready and so big and says this is a famous detail and he says i understand this and he says no, not for the reason to think but

i believe this hotel up during the british occupation and he said don't worry i won't do it but that breakfast feel that we had a treaty that was not been violated in any iota for 40 years central to israel's security and the 40 years that it's not been violated in egypt. >> why is it that carter is not that popular? >> this is for me. as a member of the jewish committee. he's a president that gave israel first piece with the most powerful arab enemy, egypt who broke the facts of the arab boycott with the legislation, who is the unquestioned father of the holocaust memorial museum and who championed the cause of soviet jury and got a doubling of immigration and saved a life during the trial. and who saved 50000 iranian jews during the ayatollah ring.

and yet, he gets the lowest percentage of jewish votes of any democratic candidate. why? first, to achieve that peace in the middle east there was a lot of class that had to be broken and pressure was put on israel. second, he had very difficult relations with rabin and begin. he was the first could 30 years of by ministers who said israel had a claim to everything between the mediterranean and the jordan. this was very difficult for him to accept. there were repeated clashes and most important perhaps, he analogized the plight of the palestinians to the plight of the african-americans with whom he grew up on the county that was two thirds black where he played with them but not go to school with them. he said to me in my interview the white police tweeted blacks

better than the idf tweeted the palestinians. i argued with him but that was his belief that he sought to civil rights lenses and then the final who came 30 years after he left with his book apartheid in that field -- >> let switch to the iranian hostage crisis. the shah leaves iran and carter lets him come into the united states and why did he let him do that and why did carter not do anything from one year in terms of the hostages leaving the white house and how did he make the hostage crisis such a big thank? >> is not fair to blame carter for the iranian revolution anymore that would be fair to blame eisenhower for the revolution or obama but we made huge mistakes. the first was letting the shot

in for medical treatment. this was the worst failure in intelligence history. the cia did not know that the principal ally we had put back on the throne in 1953 had lost his political support at home and was getting cancer treatments for five years. he wants to come in for cancer treatments. carter is the last holdout and he said to us pointblank, i think if we let him in the radicals will try to capture our hostages. everyone said, including rockefeller, and kissinger who are organizing that you can't let an ally of 30 years down. he let him in and hostages but the second mistake was i recommended and [inaudible] recommended immediate military action, not mine the bombing but keeping the oil from coming out. he refused that the hostage families and my first priority is getting remodeled out safe and sound. he did but a great political cause. he pulled himself up in the white house and that showed that

he was a prisoner, hostage himself and the failed rescue efforts do not presidency it was not do to a few helicopters but order to more than was ordered by the military because foreign military services have never practiced the whole exercise. >> despite these problems carter was the nominee of the party and had a contest with ted kennedy. had he not run, carter might have been a soccer candidate? >> no question. reagan challenged him in his book the party and it was over national health insurance was was not affordable at this time. kennedy never reconciled after the convention. no holding of hands he did not campaign with him actively. that would've made a huge difference. at the end it was inflation and the hostage crisis. >> i remember thinking and we wanted to run against ronald

reagan because he was 69 how can anyone 69 possibly be able to do anything and i was 69 so now it doesn't look as bad as it did then. [laughter] why did he want to run against ronald reagan? >> we thought he was a trigger-happy cowboy, grade b movie star from california. [inaudible] he said you are underestimating this guy. he's a great politician. we did not realize how great he was. what happened was we got outfoxed and was up the debate. we agreed with only eight days left to debate him. that debate was failed because it away the fear factor. we had inflation because we had the iran crisis, all the good things we've done had [inaudible]'s we ran a negative campaign against him and he was loquacious and sincere, articulate and it away the fear factor.

arpels went down but here's the interesting thing which no one recognizes. the last weekend before the tuesday election by all independent polls we were even our head so a halo effect reagan got from the debates had evaporated and this is when iran comes again. chicago, 3:00 o'clock in the morning at the hilton, white house calls and says be ready in 45 minutes. the president is going back to my house and there's a new offer from the iranian. effective not to go. i thank you can look at it here. it's not going to be satisfactory. it wasn't that he went back and thought the whole thing back and his polls collapsed. all the good things, energy security, greatest environmental president ever and the other claws and modern vice presiden presidency, china normalization, human rights and foreign policy, all the things were forgotten

because of the hostage crisis. >> how is jimmy carter celtic? >> it is remarkable. these 94 in october, october 1. he notes three years ago he had melanoma and we thought it was the end. i went down to see him and was a day or two before he got immunotherapy which is a new precision medicine that is not like chemotherapy but activate the immune system and three years later, knock on wood, he's as good as ever. he travels and articulate and given a new lease on life. it is a wonderful way -- [applause] >> well, we've not had time for questions because we ran out of time but i hope you think it was an interesting story. i highly recommend this book. stuart eizensta on president carter, thank you. [applause]