club, the place where you are in the know, is adjourned. [applause] [inaudible conversations] >> pulitzer prize winning author geraldine brooks as a guest on "in depth" fiction edition, our live call-in program on sunday october 7 seventh at noon eastn with her most recent book. watch live sunday october 7 at noon to 3 p.m. eastern on booktv, and be sure to watch "in depth" fiction edition next month with author jodi picot and

brad meltzer will be our guest in december on booktv on c-span two. >> good afternoon. welcome to our panel called from the border, people and politics. i'm maryellen fullterton, i'm the interim dean at brooklyn law school for many years i have been a scholar of international refugee law and immigration law. so you can imagine how much i'm looking forward to this panel and how much i enjoyed reading all three of the books that we will have a chance to talk about today. the authors, at the issues of people, borders, politics from multiple perspectives. we had photojournalist on our panel. we had a sociologist on our panel, a creative nonfiction writer on our panel in the course are also many other

things. i think the overwhelming experience t i had while i was reading all ofi these books is that each of them uses art in a profound way to send messages to us as individuals about the borders within us, to us as members of communities about the borders in politics within our communities, and to us as a country which i think is very much defining soul right now. so the border, what do we mean by the border? immediately for many people the u.s.-mexico border pops to mind. and, of course, we will talk about it. all three of our authors have studied it, had visited it, are extremely knowledgeable about it, but onekn of the wonderful things about these three books is that they look at other

borders. stephanie elizondo griest usually points us to u.s. canada border. john moore recognizes the mexico guatemala border in various photographs. manuel pastor acknowledges the borders between california and other states in the united states. they allli talk about borders among us and borders with in us. so to set the context for this program i like to speak just a couple minutes more about some facts. that's what i do as an immigration lawyer. try to get some concrete facts before us and then tried try to explore them and their significance. now, some of these faqs you probably know. others may surprise you first fact, the u.s.-mexico border is 1954 miles long. in contrast, our border with

canada, the land border with canada, is 3980 miles long, so significantly more border up north. i think much more importantly, the fact that everybody should know and doesn't seem to get much press, although aller our authors to touch on in their books, a number of unauthorized entries over the borders of the united states has plummeted in recent years, despite all the talk about migration crisis and people, towards coming across the border and the social dislocation, that may or may not cause it, the facts are that in 2000 there were 1.6 million unauthorized entries into the united states from mexico. by 2011, kind of in the middle of the obama administration, those numbers were down to

325,000. numbers that had not been that most since the early 1970s. through the rest of the obama administration made a deep the beginning of the trump administration the numbers have been around 350,000. i think thead most recent data says last year 2070 there were 310,000 unauthorized entries. so what that means is the crisis we're talking about today is much smaller thann what was normal 15, 20 years ago. another fact that may surprise you, the net outmigration from the united states to mexico has been steadily increasing since 2012. what that means is that are more people every year leaving the united states to go to mexico leaving mexico to come to the united states.

and the demographers think this trend is going to continue. so kind of the movements and the patterns are changing enormously, but the headlines in the news don't seem to reflect that. last little bit of data, immigrants arriving in the united states since 2010, 41% have come from asia, compared to 39% coming from latin america. that's extremely different again from what you see in the news. so with these major shifts in patterns, the stereotypes in the public consciousness needing to be changed, i want to turn to three authors who can begin to convey some of the reality as well as muchh of the complexity of people migration and borders we are going to start farthest

away from the, john moore, a photojournalist for many years, has worked in many countries, many continents and i understand he spent ten years creating this beautiful book, undocumented, immigration and the militarization of the u.s.-mexico border by the way, i was delighted to see that the text, john, is both in spanish and english, tremendous. at a fast john moore to introduce his book first because is going to show us vivid images which will help us set the context, both geographically and otherwise about the discussions we aree going to have. and as he gets ready to show the images i'm going to ask you just a couple of questions to think about in his ten minutes that i am allotting each of the authors, if he could address come one, what was the origin of this book, what gave you the idea of writing this book?

number two, were thereth unexpected challenges in and three,e book, how did you ever secure permission from the border patrol and from the smugglers and from thehe gang members to take their photographs? >> well, that's a lot of territory. i'll start with, where the idea for the book came from in a first place. i have been covering border issues, not just border issues, immigration issues including within the u.s. and in mexico, central america really since 2008 when i moved back to the u.s. after living abroad for many years and other parts of the world, including latin america. i was immediately struck by the human drama along the border, and over the years i have seen things change. back when i started it was primarily men and women come to look for work. we seems especially since 2014 the numbers of familiess coming

across, and specifically as well unaccompanied minors, which are the main group of youths which is been imprisoned. some of you may seen this photo from the summer. that was from one of my trips where i i proposed to the bordr patrol to go along for ride along with them, and family separations have been happening since april and he knew that i i would ever bee able to see famiy separations because thatew alwas happened inde border patrol processing centers. what it did was go out with them while they took people into custody. and as it turned out it was a group that came in late one night, and this image here ended going viral. the way it's captioned is that a group, a girl cries after her mother sat her down as she was being taken into custody, and then taken to a border patrol center for possible separation, which was theib case as as a nr thousands of kids. as pictures take a life of their

own, after they they are released this picture intimately on the cover of time as a kata, not as the original image, and it was a lot of discussion about that as well. naturally photojournalist we always want to have our photographs used exactly how we took them. i'm sure authors want to be quoted that way as well. and so is quite a big debate over whether pictures are honest or not. i think what we can do as photojournalists is photographed honestly, caption correctly, and then send themog out into the world. the world we live in now is one of imagery, imagery which can be used and misused. what i'll do now is i will show you, this picture is not in the book by the way. i took it about three months after the book came out. you'll seell as i show you these pictures here, i start -- this

is the beginning of the book, i edited into six different chapters, and the idea for putting together this in book form really only came out on the eighth of november of 2016. like many people i suspected that hillary clinton would be our next president and the immigration would probably be less in the news. and, of course, that was not the case. to think about and edit in book form that would give a narrative to undocumented immigration. not just from latin america, primarily from latin america however . and as we know, a lot of people come from different parts of theworld and actually overstay their visa . they come from places other than the southern border. this particular work focuses on the reasons why people

leave and what happens to them after they come here. and getting access was yes, a major issue. and in the case of these photographs from central america, these were from honduras. and also the photographs of homicides. this picture is from a couple go which is now one of the homicide capitals of the world or cities and countries that aren't actively at work. the execution rates are absolutely incredible. the number of people who are leaving because of violence and as we've seen under the zero-tolerance policy currently, still in place, domestic violence and gang violence is no longer accepted by the us government as legitimate reasons to ask for asylum so that has changed the landscape dramatically. this boy here is at a memorial service for twoof

his schoolmates . and so from central america and mexico as you can see, people are climbing aboard the beast. it's a network of freight trains that moves through mexico from the southern state of chiapas through mexico city and to different parts of theus-mexico border . and i was able to work and had been living in mexico, based in mexico city for 5 and a half years early in my career so i know my way around but most of the time when i'm working in this environment i'm working with journalists. many of us know this already at the danger that mexican journalists face is far, far greater in any danger i would face going in to work on a

story for a couple weeks, a couple months at a time. there's between 10 and 20 mexican journalists, both reporters, writers and photographers killed every year. and by and large with impunity. we've seen that all through different governments, different administrations and in mexico that has been consistent, that by and large, the narcotraffickers have had in killing journalists. and so i follow people up along the journeys, but many people don't make it to the rio grande. and what we'll do is move a little bit further along. the border, many of us here know is varied and its treacherous, and people have been pushed further and further out as the border patrol and homeland security in general has seen its budgets well in the last few years. really after 2001 our budget started to climb. back in 2007-2008 the border patrol reached up to 20,000

members, and many of them were hired in a very short time span, so a lot of the background checks were not as complete as they should have been. the border patrol specifically had to face lots of issues with agents who were felons, for that matter, and were actually taken out of the academy and taken to jail. there was a news story just in the last two days of an agent who was accused of killing four women in the laredo area, and it continues. people asked me if agents, if the generous support the trump policies. well, they are law enforcement. they will typically support the policies they are told in force. under the obama administration the enforcement regime was in many ways the same but in some key areas different.

so many of the pictures that appear in this book were taken during the obama administration. getting access to photograph, border patrol agents in their academy was especially difficult for me. i was turned down to photograph in the academy numerous times. i went, oftentimes it's door stepping as i get access. i went to speech by the border patrol chief, and he gave the speech and it t went up to him afterwards and is a nice speech, nice listening to you. he said, who are you i said i'm john moore with getty images and i've been covering the border for ten years and i like to get intoes the academy to show the work is going on. he said sure. sometimes had to go directly to the source. this is a vigilante in arizona that's called arizona border recon. they come together to three times a year for a weeklong operation targeting smugglers along the border, and they carry

weapons. although they look the part, they rarely actually catch people along the border. they will call border patrol agents if you find some coming across, but they feell strongly about their desire to help protect the border and i, you know, any law enforcement or military force that doesn't train together will not do anything in the field that's worthwhile and i will just leave it at that. >> these are pictures seen from above. many of the pictures were taken from customs and border protection helicopters. i was able too get access with them over the years. i've been trying to photograph this story in as many angles as possible, and the captions are always very straightforward. when law enforcement asks, when

ask permission for them to go in, i will show the pictures i have shot before and they're usually pretty straightforward. they believe in the work they are doing, and i don't have to tell whether i'm working with law enforcement, to photograph law enforcement, or in going with nonprofits like no more deaths or others who have worked with, humanitarians over the years that helped immigrants along their journey, i don't have to tell anyone that what they're doing is good or that i'm in favor of what they're doing or they're doing a great job. all i have to do is say what you're doing is important and i would like to show it. that's been my key to getting access with many different groups along the way. i can come as i run short of time i i can stop at any point. >> okay, two more minutes. what we'll do, i've also spent a lot of time in immigrant communities within the u.s.

the woman on the left, immigrant mother, undocumented mother, she's an activist in colorado and is done a lot of interesting work over the years for immigrant rights. the object is to humanize all sides of this issue. because when people are demonized, it's very, very hard for any site to reach solutions. as we know health insurance is difficult for many people in this country, especially so for the immigrant community. the next series is relevant today because as we have read in the last few days, it was over 12,000 undocumented, unaccompanied minors and children, some of the children who had been separated from their parents in detention centers and in foster care around the u.s. right now. that number has swollen partly because of people continue to arrive but also because many

parents who would have collected their children earlier at detentionha -- at detention facilities are undocumented cells in the u.s. and they are frankly just afraid to go pick them up. they are afraid they will be detained when you go to pick up the child and then deported. because i.c.e. continues to hang out outside of course buildings and detain people who are doing things that they lawfully need to do. and so it's a very tricky situation for many immigrants to collect their children when they come across as a document. this is the one and only sheriff joe arpaio in arizona, self proclaimed america's toughest sheriff. he lost his bid for reelection and then just lost his bid to be the candidate for the republican party in arizona. this is his tent city jail in

arizona, which has been closed. these images are fromen an i.c.. federal prison. they call it a detention center in california near san bernardino. several pictures from their i was not able to show peoples faces. that's one of the rules. when i'm given ground rules i followed them so i can come back again. hopefully it doesn't impact the message of my story around the way i have to approach it visually in order to maintain my access. and i've flown thehe deportation flights as well. myaccess . i've flown on deportation flights as well. in this case back to guatemala. i went back on a plane with them. this is another deportation here to ponderous and they go daily from mesa arizona and a few other states in the us where ice as of where they gather people from around the country and there will be for instance a flight on monday to guatemala, one to honduras

and one on wednesday to el salvador. but also, it's worth mentioning that combining all of everyone who comes across or over stays their visa as undocumented immigrants, there are far more numbers wise of people who manage to reach their american dream and become citizens. we've seen that there's a great effort right now by the trump administration to lower the number not just of undocumented immigrants and illegal entries but alsolegal immigration as well and the idea is to cut back by half . we will see if we will see if that happens. and -- >> so john, i hate to cut you off because your images are so powerful and beautiful, but i do want to cut you off because i want to have the opportunity for the audience to or from other authors. his book is fabulous.

you got to buy outside after. he's going to be signing it, as all are, afterwards. thank you. if we have time later we can come back to some of those images. our second house today, stephanie elizondo griest, has written many books and when she's going to talk about today and were in for a real treat, she's going to read a little bit from this book is called all the agents and saints. stephanie is a daughter of south texas. she is, like john, lived all over the world, then a foreign correspondent. she is if i got this quick, stephanie, a faculty member of the university of north carolina. carolina. she's a woman of multiple identities and great creativity, and have lots of question quesr but i just want to stop right there and let her read something from her book, which is a very

powerful book that you all want to buy also. >> thank you so much. thank you also very much for being here and thank you for those incredible images. so moving to see. so, , my friends, i from corpus christi, texas,. [inaudible] what? tigers. very, very -- you understand when i mean what i i said hello get out of corpus christi, texas. i embarked on this journey that was about 15 years long. i lived in moscow, beijing, mexico. i traveled all around, wrote a a couple books about those different journeys if. it happened to return home in 2007. no longer viewing my hometown with my childhood lands or my teenage lens that this is a boring place where nothing happens. when i arrived in 2007 i was shocked to discover that south

texas had, in fact, become a major news story and i begin to realize we were surrounded by 5l industries have poisoning all of the marginalized communities within close proximity. i began to realize that corpus christi had just been made the saddest city in america with his profound obesity epidemic. i begin to realize that a border wall was about to split much of this land in two and i begin to think about what it meant. so we are the citizen to not cross the border the border crosses over us so that is what we say. i begin toze document this, our reality. i spent about seven years doing so, so i'm going to read a brief excerpt from south texas and then i'll transition to what happens next after spending seven years in south texas. this is a very difficult except i will read. it takes place in 2012, which is

when i became aware of the fact that south texas was essentially become a graveyard for those who are attempting to cross the crossing, and i've been spending a lot of time in -- 90 miles north of thede board and there'a checkpoint there. basically if you cross over in the texas region you have to go through south 40 in order to go on to houston and from houston that's a major hub is an excellent branches off from houston in different directions. but many people don't make it beyond south 40 because when you arrive undocumented with your coyote they generally pullover and people get out and walk and that walk about 30 miles to avoid the checkpoint which is where the border patrol agents are. they are doing this in mckinney 100-degree temperatures. that one year in that one county, they found 129 bodies. that's just the bodies that are found. i just so happen to be with the

sheriff when they got in a call, they call the codes code 500 and that meant they need to go and retrieve a body. the sheriff looked over and at me and saidok have you got a wek stomach? and i paused and i said nope. i boldly lied and he invited me to come with him on the recovery. and so this is after we -- i'll just start when they announce she's small, probably guatemalan or honduran here she had been out for three days. the two men swaddle her in the sheet, half bones, has to. face tougher into a black body bag with golden zippers. the sheriff and the border patrol agent and out 30 feet. they scan the brush for approximately half a minute. before heading back to their

respective trucks. there is no obvious evidence insight. we leave behind only an empty water bottle and host the beatles. no words are spoken. no rights are given. got to make sure there's no bodily fluid on these because it will sting comey's has been we notice the undertaker struggling with a gurney. together they lay the body back on topic of strap a down and roll into the back of the van. he introduced me to the undertaker. his name is angel. i want to say, how fitting, and applaud his professional graces. but before i can speak, he tells and i'm a writer. angel shakes his head. a lot of people write stories, he said softly. nothing ever gets done. i hear this a lot. it never fails to shatter me.

what are usually brush it off with a smile but there's something outstanding in the woods with a three day dead woman and 95-degree heat that gives me hope that just maybe, just make something will change this time, mine so change can policy will change and a humane immigration law will finally be enacted. although that hope they price into a idealistic miss before i can even articulate it, , there remains a spark of optimism that by virtue of being written about, this t code 500 might be remembered. but even if we never learned her name, whether she's guatemala or honduran or for all we know, chinese, this one member out of the 34 who died before in the 94 who will die after her in this county in this one state can be memorialized in spite of the story. and at the very least i will remember her. this woman who hiked illegally and get annihilated for it, i will remember. what remained of her face and feet when i tried to fall sleep at night, pray that this gets a

something getting done. i wish to say this. i wish to say all of this and a great deal more, but there is time only to feebly smile before angel retreat to the driver seat when he removes a pair of badly soiled gloves. he already knows, he will be back tomorrow, and i will not. so that is what i came to bear witness for seven years in south texas, taking mad notes. and then quite a shock. i was a freelancer at all of this type and i can offer something i had not been offered in about ten years, which was a job. i took the job and it was a job at st. lawrence university which is a university located just about 18 minutes south of the canadian border up in new york,

so about a nine-hour drive straight up north for all of you, and i arrived there and at that point to me like app state nick was basically north of the bronx but this is, dilley thing stopping it is can do that. it's way with her. you all a bit about this which may be can relate to. before arriving, i didn't think the northern borderlandshe to differ more starkly from the one where i grew up, temperatures tended to be 60 degrees apart. south texas feels like a large wet dog sitting on your face. the heat and humidity are that oppressive. the north country smelled like a cat and scratching you. it is thatra this will come that persistent, that extreme. yet the hot sun and the still affect the same way. both return the inward, and when i step intobo the car and get 20 minutes which a bridge that requires a passport to cross into since into a shockingly

different economic strata, i realize i've been here once before. whenever a nearby community is rallying to verify an answer to compensate, and the very same people also battling poverty, obesity and industrial waste, i realized i will once again be caught in the suspension of disbelief. when i read about people getting arrested for smuggling aliens by speedboat and drugs by snowmobile, i realized i get begin living on an edge, in other words, my stay about this remote new world, i realized i know. i'm wondering if anyone out thereal understand what communiy i'm referring to when i say these things. who lives across from cornwall canada? what nation has been there since time immemorial? mohawk, right. so i was i incredibly lucky to make ties to the community and that he can spin every moment there for a year. realize thatan essentially it ws déjà vu, every time i would

return to the community. jus as many do not speak spanish anymore because of elders had it literally beaten out of us, many mohawks have lost the native language mohawk because being forced to endure indian residential school for 100 figures were kids are routinely taken from the families, their hair was cut. they were shaved and forced to learn french or english debateki on which school they were. just as all of my cowboy uncles can we lost our livelihood in south texas, all of the mohawks lost their traditional mode of being which was fishing because just a south texas is surrounded byby petrochemical industries, they are surrounded by superfud site, , alcoa, gm and reynold hoover 30 years dumped all of their waste into the river stream that desperate all the fish, killed all the fish, a toxic waste came out that polluted the air very deeply

that destroyed a lot of the cattle industry that they had at the time. it's also possible to eat things that go there because the land is also so tainted. they also now have a major obesity epidemic as we do in south texas. our youth are imprisoned for smuggling. there's for trading. we contend with the trafficking firearms right to our neighborhoods. i just begin to realize all along about this which is a private tragedy in south texas and then i began to realize this is endemic to what mint street a citizen of thehe borderlands. i will and my little talk with, i'm going to read dash by turgid all, if have weekend, it is night i was way which is no joke but it is an exceptional place to visit and its right there in your state. although they don't consider themselves part of your stay. they are very much their own nation. welcome. you will be under the jurisdiction of the following, canada, the united states the

mohawk nation, the tribal council, the confederacy, new york, on terror, québec, franklin county from st. lawrence county, the new york state police, the mohawk police, the québec police force, the royal canadian mounted police. the federal bureau of investigation, eurosport customs, and coming soon, the national guard. drive carefully, have aro nice day. so this is a community that has been living in a state of existence 500 years and counting. thank you. >> thank you, stephanie. and let me just say -- [applause] as we've seen vivid, visual images, the writing and the power of stuff in these words are incredibly strong, and i encourage you to also acquire this book. now, our third panelist, manuel pastor, sitting right next to

me, is goingsi to talk about his book, state of resistance, what california's dizzying descent and remarkable resurgence means for america's future. little-known fact. manuel is really a native new yorker, but he has been a californian it's the age of six months, so they claim him and he's been incredibly busy and prolific and a born in california. he is a professor of sociology and american studies in ethnicity at the university of southern california. he directs the center for the study of immigration integration and connecting with points stephanie just made. he spent a scholar and an analyst, and if they can activists on environmental and economic challenges that low income urban communities face. he is going to talk to us about his memorable phrase, california is america fast-forward.

>> great. good to be with you and i'm going to start by actually pointing out a few things about undocumented folks, particularly in california. we have about 2.7 undocumented residents in california. interestingly, more than two-thirdste of them have been there for longer than ten years. they are matched about an equal number of us-born citizens who live in the same household as family members, and a smaller number of lawful permanent residents who live in the same household, mixed status. so the phrase often use is undocumented californians, because they are so deeply rooted in the community. and you're right,, the dynamics have dramatically shifted and will continue, partly because the demographic forces have shifted so dramatically, the

fertility rates in mexico have gone way down from a woman having about five or six win over the course of a lifetime 30, 35 years ago to fertility rate of about 2.3 now, which in the united states is 1.7, as those come together we seen this negative migration that you're talking about more mexicans returning to mexico than coming to the w united states which basically means if we build a wall with just pending mexicans and, which i'm sure is not the president intention. but what the book tries to talk about is the art of change in california. because if you think about the united states right now, and excite it has run demographic change, interestingly most of the people for theha most nervos about immigrants don't have them, right next in places like alley which have a lot of immigrants, wow, korean taco

trucks, this is great. but in that anxiety is very similar to what california went through in the early 1990s with the passage of prop 187 in the passage of prop 187 which was a ballot measure that sought to deny undocumented immigrants all sorts of social services including educational services. what people forget is in the early 1990s 45% of the job losses, the job losses in recession in the 1990s occurred in california. and rush limbaugh began his talk rated career in the late 1980s in california. that is perfect studio, demographic anxiety, economic uncertainty, and profiteering from political polarization. we did it first, and we kind of, on the other side in terms of a state which is one of the first two states to raise the minimum

wage to $15 an hour, a state which has finally de- incarcerating after insanity. ast state which finally declared to say to be a secretary of state in terms of lack of cooperation with i.c.e., immigration customs enforcement, and a state which is leading on climate change. with the book tries to do is to talk about that arc of change, the sort of structural economic, demographic and political forces were factors were, but also really the community organizing a social movement, mobilization that took place. it's a great book. you should buy it. even if they be greeted it's about to be made into a major motion picture in which i'll be portrayed by antonio banderas, which -- [laughing] i'm very excited about this. but i want to just pick up on the immigrant part of this for this particular panel. because it's important realize that one thing that happened was

that was a backlash to proposition 187. it caused it caused a lot of people will were lawful permanent resident what not yet become citizens to become citizens. in the late 1990s newly naturalized latinos were voting at high rate than us-born whites. so immediate sort of motivation and political punishment. also there was a big shift in terms of undocumented immigrants realizing that they could engage electorally. they couldn't vote but they could mobilize people to vote by being part of get out the vote efforts. there was also something that went on. there was a big shift that happened in california and now happened nationwide with labor which was seen its numbers declined, recognize that immigrants were open to unionization. they brought with them repertoires from their the own countries from being engaged in unions in social movements. they were facing the challenges of working poverty and los

angeles was only place in the metro area of the country that in a 2000s saw an increase in private-sector unionization as janitors, home care workers and others, sort of unionized. there was a lot of other forces that were going on at the same time and that's kind of what the book is about, but i want to say something about the intentionality of it, and then something that i'm going to go with stephanie and return the book because that seems like something you should do at a book festival. i think in terms of the organizing, there are three things to remember about the organizing that took place, canada taking off from the '90s into contemporary california. number one, it was intersectional. there was a recognition that you couldn't just organize labor or immigrants or african-americans, that you some are needed to organize and intersectional way. it also but realizing you

additional for other peoples struggles. in 2008 when president obama got the majority vote in california but prop eight which outlawed marriage equality also passed, the lgbt community looking at the election results in which latinos and african-americans had voted at a higher rate to pass proposition eight than whites, had voted against marriage equaled at a high risk one reaction could have been to say, my god, we really have to marginalize those communities. but the action was gosh, we are not showing up for immigrant rights and so weal cannot expect immigrants to shop around marriage equality. there was a development something called camp courage, and what if a court a woman who was the first executive director of the national gay and lesbian task force who was one of the organizers of camp courage who at the end of it said, at one of them said, we tricked you into

coming here. you thought it was about marriage equality but it's about immigrant rights, it's about overincarceration, it's about working-class people left behind because we needs to be part ofa struggle. similarly on the immigrant movement a lot of immigrant rights to challenge the catholic charities that it funded them and said we can no longer be quiet about these issues which are affecting a large sector of our population being intersectional. intentional about building power and then being integrated, and integrated needs not just bring together labor and immigrants as i was talking about but also the community organizingan and elections come and understand that you needed to bring people together. let me just do that thing of reading from the book, if i can get myself scrolled to the right part. this is in the middle of the end of the book. so starts with the california

dream emerged from an african grey platforms of opportunity both those who are already in the golden state of those who were still to come. two they took a minute to grade efficient housing to combat growth, were to an economy that could deliver jobs and income for those in the bill, to support a first-class education system to trained workers and leaders for the future. creating the california dream version 2.0 will recognize, or require recognizing that thehe achilles' heel that is plagued both california and the nation is racism. the racism of california's residents got the better of themselves in the 1990s. so if you think about it, that's the challenge facing america. with an economy still stumbling its way out of the great recession, uncertainty about job prospects affecting older and younger workers alike, with both red states like florida and blue states like new york threatened

by rising sea some climate change, 2016 seemed like an appropriate time to come together. instead i california 1990s, voters chose to tear themselves apart in a last gasp of the collapsing racial order as in california, racist and anti-immigrant pandering will cost us in terms of our moral values and social cohesion and also in the dollars and cents of productivity and income, foster discrimination, incarceration and unequal education. the way out of this does not hinge on rejecting bad leaders. it does hinge on rejecting bad leaders, you know who i'm talking about, but this is not enough. too many progressives hope that electing barack obama would turn the american corner, are freeway past racism and social disconnect and towards a sense of common destiny. instead we got political paralysis. as in the golden state in the 1980s and 1990s, a

revitalized right-wing determined determined to progress at bay. jazz, paula, gil scott heron once saying that the only way to go, take this world is to make it what it want to become what it need to be, what it want to be, what it will be. someday you'll see, realizing there ain't no such thing as a superman. the real need us out for a great leader but for many leaders, not for winning at the top of the ticket but for winning across the board. not forgetting our hopes on one speech, one candidate or even one big march, but rather on counting on the grassroots organizing that brings people together face-to-face, race to race, and place to place to see their common future. and that is the blue wave that is now beginning to happen in the 2018 midterms with andrew gilligan, stacy abrams and alana presley, reliance and grassroots organizing because who's going to make the change? not a bunch of leaders.

it's you, it's us. it's all of us. [applause] >> and you can see what that,, both called action and the prescription, why we need to have our third speaker, manuel. i want to say before becomes a major motion picture you should buy this book. it really lays out in both detail and with inspiration how to look at and react to the fracture place our society is right now. it's a wonderful read. if you would join in thanking our authors and remember they will be signing outside the building, their book.k. [applause] thank you. that was terrific.

>> you can watch this and other booktv program from the past 20 years at booktv.org. type the author's name and the word book in the search bar at the top of the page. .. on behalf of the entire staff here at p and p, thank you very much for coming. so in just a few weeks, the us will be marking the17th anniversary of the 9/11 attack . we've been a nation at war