it feels like this is a conversation with science. without science we won't be having this conversation but ultimately this is a conversation about ethics because all of technology no technologies come with their own built-in value system it is up to us to infuse our values into at least the most

significant application of those technologies. since the hardcover version came out last april i have a preliminary reference to the first crisper baby who are born. but since then we know there are at least three of these genome ed babies then after that experience the world health organization created its international advisory committee. we are working extremely hard to try to suggest at least what might be a framework for how we think about and apply these very powerful technologies in ways that maximize benefits.

i was honored to be invited to go speak at the vatican about this. people from the vatican are also participating. my view is that this is about the future of our species we need a table is big enough for everybody from religious conservatives at various backgrounds to the diy bio background hackers. we are all in this together. this trend is intersecting with the coronavirus crisis. we've have these kind of pandemics in the past. we have never been able to have those guests get the digital readout of the code. we have never have computer models that could allow us to test different responses. we've never been able to

develop diagnostic test these quickly. they were able to see and watch this viral genome mutate around the world. who is also on this call. is working to bring together the bio banks from around the world to say are there patterns that we can use. we could make smart decisions around once we have that kind of knowledge. developing vaccines. these are people who are saying maybe we could do in a year maybe some are same two

years. they said we didn't know if we could ever achieve it. george is a scientist of the possible. we will ask him what he thinks. and the developing surveillance systems. all of these tools are essential tools and we wouldn't have them but for the incredible with the challenges. how do we optimize the benefits and minify the harm. be hard enough if we were living in some sort of abstract world. we live in a world that is

gonna write about this in the book. it's defined by politics and the political context in which we live. and certainly we have seen that in the political failures the failure of china especially in the first three weeks of this outbreak. the failure of the united states to test and had adequate information that could be provided to the american people. i would say the failure of the world health organization but the failure for decades that was resourcing and empowered and that the mandate to do the job. every human on earth would want it to do. and then the science exists within the context of global power structure between the united states everybody i think in this meeting everyone around the world in a way that

we haven't really gotten since sputnik understanding science. is not just something for professors not just so we can understand the world around us and make sense of things but so we can make smart decisions so we can protect the people we love. and that as the origin of having darwin 23 years ago. my then boss and now good friend who is also on this call richard clarke clark he was telling everyone who would listen. fighting all kinds of internal fights. that is just one little thing. and tragically when 911 happened. you always used to say that to be a really be effective we

have to look around the corner. we have to try to see what's coming. this conversation is definitely we have to get through this crisis. is not just this virus it's not just coronavirus are deadly pathogens it's a whole suite of things that those we had organized ourselves around states and not empowered to do what needs to be done. what the book is trying to do. as the truck pull all of those pieces together if i wanted a science book to feel like it was a story. this was the greatest story of all time.

in this revised paperback. under this story and the first three crisper babies. there is more on deadly pathogens. to understand. my feeling is my package of things that people need to understand. a lot of good books in each of these categories. it also includes the readers guy because people are home i hope they will read the book and talk about it everybody got it. there is a political guide because we have to be asking our elected officials in our government officials what are they doing. as an author, we write a book

once you deliver it becomes everybody else. everybody else owns it. i really hope that whatever the digital equivalent is a people marking up a book and ripping up pages and whatever it is i hope you will use this. they are practically giving it away. the official price is $4.75. and it's amazon price like $3.50. as in you will know nobody in the history and the world had ever made money off of writing books. moments like this. a lot of fear and we all have

a tendency to hunker down in moments like this and really just focus on the things that we have to that are right in front of us. in such a huge and fundamental way. we will have to take a step back and see the big picture. together identify what is our north star and where are we heading and then we can evaluate the decisions we make along the way based on our goal of where were hoping to have. if there is anybody who sees the big picture. and what science has the potential to be an implications of that it is my friend george church. in such an honor for me to have all of my people who are the speakers. i think most people believe he is one of the greatest living scientist at least on this

planet. he certainly is the most creative and forward thinking scientist. not everybody is trying to resuscitate the woolly mammoth. he is today's charles darwin. he grew a beard to look like it. you judge for yourself. and we have discussed we would love for you to share your thoughts. how can i best be used to address the current crisis and be on. it is truly an amazing time. i feel like we need to embrace both the threat of the challenge but we also had to

think about the silver lining. and believe emily the remarkable things that are coming out we are seen lower activity of flu and rsv. in addition to this horrifying one. and it boosts our commitment to having better preventative messed -- medicine in the future. we do not see that spike so much. finally we got it right. the creativity boost that comes from been being under fire. in those could've saved us $2 trillion anywhere up tens of millions of dollars per year on the topic of hacking

darwin and they said. i think they need to sit about -- think about this in general. it doesn't even have to involve dna or rna. it is very far from our ancestors. this includes things like gml insulin. therapy, diagnostic. a zoom that were on right now. many of these things can be considered enhanced literature ancestors. most of them are what is allowing us to have the health that we had right now.

i think that's kind of distracting. it takes decades to program what were seen right now entering to is something that goes much faster. most of our technologies also go much faster. anything is that is engineering of our life. my colleagues and i there divided broadly into therapies let's start with therapies

this is very fast compared to most new drugs which take a decade. it's a frustratingly slow for those of us that are locked down. in the therapy category things like there are receptors that we know of. there is a small molecule. other viruses that can be adapted. many of these have already been approved either for clinical trials or for use. it makes a faster path to those. for vaccines what other things one of the things we've already got different vaccines in the pipeline. thanks to all medical

volunteers and workers. who are put through the front lines of this. they're getting injected either intentionally or through their patients i will take a moment to thank them. the vaccines are tested even though they had been tested on the related viruses the antibodies actually make it possible for the virus to infect cells. they allow them to go to the immune system. we need to be very cognizant since of sense of this as we design antibodies this is not

a highly mutable virus. one immune problem to make this at risk. for the next 12 hours it came from nowhere we are developing organ like systems that may be better with the other models. it may take 18 months to deliver. they could eliminate the problem more than just flatten the curve in 18 months. i think having to do with the way we interact with ourselves and each other. and the environment. every time we see another person outside and were

getting close to the six-foot limit and we see politicians in the same room they should all be wearing masks. we should be taking pictures and documenting just how that is a challenge for all of us to document the pictures and how what we are making progress from this. we are developing rapid home test. these are getting down in the order of a dollar or less per death and they could happen some of them could happen in five minutes and some of them could handle more samples and more accurately even variations that occur. with the logical reactions.

to go back into the workplace you would want to be positive. and the positives you want them to have very low faults you can look like you head in a vice to coronavirus but there is a lot of common cold viruses out there. you have to have a very. more in the news about these zero positive test we need to keep that in mind. all of the above and all of the vaccines and diagnostics.

one of those is a personal genome project. this is your project. anybody can see the data. this is really the moment production a project. we need to head diagnostics that are not just custom for the moment that we have to struggle even in other countries is not clear that it is that they have a high enough sensitivity. in any case we need something where we can be looking in advance at all of the things that are causing us respiratory distress and the drug resistance and so forth.

that is my list of what we can do and what we are doing projects all over the world. we have a way to make any virus this would fit nicely with the jamie book. it's a second to solve our problem in the next couple of weeks but it is a very interesting thing that we can do . i look forward to the conversation that is coming up very soon. thank you both so much for giving us tons of things to think about. i will turn it over to daniel.

i agree with a lot of what you said. so clearly we are going through a moment of seismic change. everyone in the world needs to see the work that they are doing. and we need to support it. the system reproductive history. we are changing the nature of consumption and of life. i particular less sanguine about what is to come out of this moment you've a very lovely phrase starting out. that lacking in fdr at the moment people are providing hope i'm a support and encouragement. that's great. there is other things that governments usually provide. and infrastructure.

concerns for inequality. all of these technologies because they are so pathbreaking it needs some set of guidelines around them. and some concern for who is getting access. who is dying disproportionately. where did the rules for this brave new world come from. can we actually create them ourselves. governments created them. or do we need to rely on our political system. it is a great question. i 100% believe in government. we are now suffering in here in the united states we will be dying in large numbers

because of a systematic failure of our government. it's really a tragedy that the countries that are doing well. they actually trained here that used to be the gold standard for public health. government is not the solution it is a problem i was not at all suggesting that we don't need government i think we are having a crisis of governance on multiple levels and if our government is failing us.

we all need to step up to play a role that most people they don't think it is up to them to prepare for some kind of hypothetical deadly pathogenic outbreak. and you don't adequately fund them. and you let the culture shut down. can you berate them. it's no big deal until there is a fire. and then you have a big problem. we need governance. in the absence of the kind of government we need. we need to come together to make that happen. and the same is true on a global level is not coincidental that there is a total mismatch between the global nature of the problems that we face in the way we are organized to face them. we have not been able to solve issues not just deadly pathogens.

climate change injure destruction of our oceans. all kinds of things. it's because we live in this world where they show that that balance of power was inherently unstable. some brilliant people of a different kind of world. they pooled our sovereignty and the identities that are happening. the countries were willing to give these international organizations the ability to do the job that needed to be done in the international organization and they have all kinds of shortcomings. one of the things i do know that i'm working on now is i drafted out and put out in the world. now we have a big community and 25 countries working on this. the global interdependence.

we have seen this virus which is showing us how connected we are. not just between our countries. and wouldn't it be better if we said hey, this is a virus that affects everybody. how can we work together to solve the problem. i do think this is a transitional moment if we don't come to this realization that governments matter and governance matters on every level individuals alone cannot do it. having said that i had been encouraged by what i have seen just in these last few weeks. seventy new and incredible communities working together. >> thank you everybody. we look at this exceptional

time. we've heard it used 70 times in the context of this case. but also potential technology. the new book is hacking darling. i'm curious if we were to takes take a couple clicks there. how much would we be hacking our future diagnostics and response. and responding to those that might emerge. you can sequence the new coronavirus. and three hours they took it and made it dna. were they were doing our day vaccines. if we could imagine what would be possible as we hack the pandemic response. it is remarkable how fast we can reunite dna the real

bottleneck is no longer reading and writing the dna. it is the testing to make sure that we don't jump ahead but i think we've got that lined up but now you can read and write in an order of a month. and it takes somewhere between 12 months and ten years. just to go back briefly to the government. it is not just government but the reason that the cost and all of these things have come down is largely due to intubation which probably would've come about whether it was capitalistic or government funded or not. a lot of this was funded by industry.

we need good governance of our company. as will is our nation i think it's particularly clear in the question that you just ask. i would just add you are a great person to answer this question. in addition to all of the progress that we are going to make and all of the scientific tools that we need and an exponential is everywhere. when we think about how long it took to go from the bronze age to the iron age. they came out in 2012. the world's first genome edge. science is moving at work

speed. we want to talk a little bit about the science but the superstructure around it. we actually put out a piece last year on this. maybe it is part of the un. the top six or seven really a fundamental threats that we are facing. and certainly deadly pathogens would be one of them. we have this which i've almost certainly had it naturally occurring. it was just a few years ago a team and alberta created a synthetic version.

now it's done for a few thousand dollars. it is democratizing and all of the good guys 99.9% are the good guys like george. but there are bad actors who could have access to this technologies. now is a good example of where you can say this is a good strategy for doing it. why don't we have a un agency that is empowered into resourced and we say it's your job to identify the six or seven. i'm here to develop. with the action plan. have we done that for pathogenic outbreaks we could at least imagine how we would have a responsive system that wouldn't allow everything to break down rather than this

virus there had been a nuclear detonation. we would be having this exact same call. they're in the hands of bad guys. and let's just say there is an ocean collapse. working to save our oceans. imagine if we have an act or system collapse inside of the ocean. they get that we'd be having the same call. how can we solve this problem. it's how we think about and face a long-term systemic approach.

it made them experts. it has been pretty abstract. what are some of the specific ways that they will change in the aftermath of this pandemic. with the way that we collaborate and it might do science that way. you've already seen. companies that would normally keep things as prior prioritize. they will make competing products. whether it's academic in some cases home and corporate. it could change back. that is possible. i think the internet is becoming an much nicer place than it was. it was ideological and it still there. but there is a 1999 business

here going on and the internet. but in the science part i think well have a real boost with the kind of surveillance. i don't think we need the multi national thing. we know what the big threats are. what we need is creative sustainable business models where we can get everybody excited about having something on their phone. having six cameras on their phone. if that is affordable. i agree about equity. we need to have equitable distribution. and bring them down ten millionfold or more. i think that will get a boost. and when it can be great to have a bio weather map.

wouldn't it be great to be able to see national and international scale. things are moving. the drug resistance are. that should be impacting our lives. and this can be a better cooperative pipeline between science and citizens. in citizen science as well. we are interested in whether in gardening and other amateur science. this is something that will really in affect our life. >> as i make the analogy of data donors. even the wearables can be picked up. it can pick up a corona sounding cough and others. in the ways they met for

disease. with universities how might this shape academia and how were doing online education virtualize and otherwise going forward. it has been forced to confront the future must faster than at that we would. education would inevitably move more online. but we've all been forced to in one week we moved 1,142 classes online in a week. we are learning what works and what doesn't work. there are many things that you can do online that may be better than what you can do in the physical space.

i love your point about being data donors. everybody should be taking notes right now because this model will pass in a blur. and how we make it better. how can we take the best parts of online and get out there. for sure online gives you the ability to get access. overnight we have 50,000 registers. we do seem to figure out how to make it as good as possible. >> using this question can i just answer that quickly. in such an important one. i want to give one small example and then i want to go big because when you have that made up name futurists in your title if to prove it every day. is not like my dad as a dr. who has a degree. we completely agree with the

points that they made. it was just might one example. i have an editorial talking about seven rules for virtualizing our life. we need to wreak create the essence of the village the essence of who they left. to compensate for our physical and social distancing. and then two days later someone i never met reached out and we talked and she was starting a company doing something else. what we need to do is build a matching platform that connects retirees with home. with kids sheltering at home in dean of tutors. eight days later we have a prototype and then we have a site and it has gone live. and we've gone out in the world.

life is moving at warp speeds. i think it's a huge profound moment. i don't think our lives are just get a snap back. in the way i see this is it started out as government crisis. if the chinese system had worked as it should have we wouldn't be here. when we set for in 1948. if the united states government and the federal government had done its job we wouldn't be here in this way. the government's crisis became a health crisis. now it's become an economic crisis and i think it is going to grow because life can't fully normalize until there is a vaccine. the economic crisis is becoming a series of government crisis around the world.

they are going to be attacked. if you're a bad guy. let's call it. and we got away with it last time. it's not like you want the united states to play this role. it's the moment that it has really weekend. i think those government crises it is going to morph into a political geo- crisis. that's why we need to be really worried about it. the united kingdom has a same number of soldiers and ships and weapons at the end of 1956 as it did in the beginning. but in the middle of that year was the crisis. a change have artie been happening. it suddenly became clear. the game is open in the game of national governance but

even the whole global power structure. it's hard to make these kind of massive predictions but i think i will do it anyway. this year is the end of the postwar world. historians look back hundred years from now. 2020 something new hopefully started to be created we don't know what that is and that's why coming together to try to imagine it and give it is so important. i think we will send this over. we will try to make a a few more questions. how do you see the future of tele- message evolving. can we imagine in the very near future. with our risk for not just getting the coronavirus but the immune response. it could be crisp rising the

babies at of the future. where might that go. >> i agree with deborah about we don't want to create had and have not. that requires innovation more than anything else. forget to make digital versions of ourselves we can do in such a way that it is dirt cheap. in a certain sense everybody that has any kind of access to smart phones they can access the world's information you can include the personal things. it is biology technology that grows.

for example smallpox is something. it's one of the few technology to everybody and the earth still has access too. no one has to pay even a penny to get a new small pox drug. it is extinct. we need to use that as a lesson of where we need to be going. some will be easier than others. i hope that is where we are going with equitable distribution. and also there will be some. i think there is a growing need for generics there will be things that affect disease.

they will be less extensive because the dominator denominator is so much larger. the cost of clinical trials is spread out over billions of people. these things include vaccines, and affects almost every way that we die prematurely. if we can get some of those things that impact everybody. i can imagine the telemedicine. that can be the lens to picking up disease. and also the delivery of video information. you can reprogram your smart phone with a digital diagnostics.

i think we are seen through this pandemic a bit of a democracy. with the who. it will be on billions of smart phones. for both regular den general done general health and also responding. maybe we will go round robin and close. it's the best we can do at this moment. it is truly global. i remain less optimistic than jamie perhaps. and find out how to use our personal information to make

sure that we get the good out of this crisis this is a once-in-a-lifetime thing. what if this is accelerated. it seems like the number of pandemics is increasing what is the next i hope we don't forget that. let's dribble a couple of dollars. this is really a crisis this

is a crisis of nature invading our space. just more creativity we could be prepared for the next one which may not be a lifetime away. and maybe two years away. that's a happens with the 1918 flu. it was even more serious than the first one. all of the people in the military were always back if they have a really serious disease. i hope that we are paying attention as we are taking notes. i think we have the ability to have that response.

some of the new innovations. even if many folks unfortunately have a lot more morbidity. the things that go out of this. are there and better ways. when folks thought it might be a disaster for a nasa in the johnson space center. this may actually be the finest hour. jamie, take us home as we move into this. >> i want to end on even more hope i just wanted to thank george and deb and daniel. at such an honor for you guys to be with me during this event. thank you. into our cohost. and here is why i feel i feel hope.

a hundred years ago there were 2 billion humans on earth. we have a 20% literacy rate. with 400 million people who could contribute to solving it. that is a 80% literacy rate. they have the potential. to come together to solve these problems. we are this horrible species and we're certainly deployed on the planet. we can do great things that no other species could imagine. that gives me hope. and this may be a call to arms i think this is probably equally the wrong word. but it's an all hands on deck moment for all of us and is touching everyone on earth and everyone has a role to play from big to small.

bringing together the greatest innovators in the world to find new ways to integrate. new ways for us to learn and build new communities. everybody has a role and we have to do this together. and everybody if anybody is sitting home and i guess if you are watching it. you're not binge watching netflix. you are not appreciating the magnitude of this moment but what is required of each of us so that we can mention in the finest hour. this is a terrible time that we can make it our finest hour. and that's why coming together in advance like this and sharing ideas i think is so important that's why i think

weight need to think you thank you and all the participants. how do we get the new edition of your book. >> it is available everywhere. it is an e-book tonight until midnight tonight. and then wherever books are if you go to your local bookstore please be careful where mask. i would just order it if i were you. >> with that thanks for the organizers and the sponsors. we will see you into the future. thank you so much daniel.

here are some of the current best-selling audiobooks according to audible. topping the list to memoirs. first becoming michelle obama. the best-selling book of 2018. that is followed by glenn glendon doyle's untamed. there are the thoughts on the self-discipline. and then in talking to strangers new york and staff writers examine how we miss read strangers words and actions. and wrapping up our look at some of the best-selling nonfiction audiobooks is the former navy seal in republican congressman of texas dan crenshaw that's about overcoming adversity. some of these authors have appeared in book tv and you can watch them online and book tv.org. the president from public affairs. available now in paperback and e-book.

organized by their ranking. from best to worst. and features perspectives into the lives of our nation's chief executive and leadership style. visit our website and order your copy today. wherever books and e-books are sold. npr appeared at the commonwealth club in california. they help promote westward expansion of the united states. jarred john charles fremont was an explorer a man who in the 1840s and 50s in the series of expeditions it was then that western modes congress. it went out as a u.s. army officer.

and mapped other writs. ultimately ended up by chance in california was a treat as people are when they come to california. and then returned a couple of years later to this mexican controlled territory with a party of 60 gunmen in beginning the process of taking over california from mexico. and making it part of the united states. as an explorer he did not actually discover that much that was new he was traveling across the land that have been traversed by native nations for centuries that have been explored by spaniards. that have been explored by for trappers. he did not find all of that much that was actually new but

he made it accessible. and more important he was coming back east to washington where he was based. and writing accounts of his adventures. his job was not to explore the west but to promote the west to entice them to move to the west because that wasn't part of the process of taking over that territory in ensuring that it would become part of the united states. in the process of promoting the american west in 1840s and 50s he also promoted himself. he would write these accounts of the adventures that were just official u.s. army reports. and they would describe the landscape of the rocky mountains. and of the great basin and that he named the vast area ringed in and parts of several

other states. he would also describe the california very beautifully and he became such an extraordinarily famous in and admired individual through the writings and the apparent achievements that in 1850 there was a magazine that was named as one of the three most important world historical figures since jesus christ. it was kind of an american centric list the first of the three figures was christopher columbus who discovered america as they would've sent then. established european contact would be a better way to phrase it i guess. the second was george washington the founder of this country the greatest achievement who got him on the list was his role and his reputation as a conqueror of california.

adding el dorado as the magazine described it to the union. in the united states. he have real talent and real courage and real accomplishments. the most important factor of his fame may have been the person who made it possible to take full advantage of the talent and the times. born when women were allowed to make few choices for themselves jesse found a way to chart their own course. the daughter of the senator who is deeply involved in the west. with the highest levels of the government in media. it was no coincidence that this began to soar a few months after they eloped. when he was 28 and she was 17. i thought as many others did said one of their critics that

jesse was the better man of the two. she helped to write the famous reports serving as secretary and editor and writing partner and occasional ghost writer. she amplified that talent for self-promotion. they were publicizing their journeys. she attracted talented young men into his circle. and last out at enemies. they carried on senators twice their age. and the opinion to presidents even when they did not agree with her. in was gradually recognized in her own right. her timing was as perfect as her husband's. she was pushing the boundaries just as women were beginning to demand a larger place in national life.

the title of his book in perfect union. book tv is television for serious readers all weekend every weekend join us again next saturday beginning at 8:00 a.m. eastern for the best in and nonfiction books. .. .. c-span has unfiltered coverage of the federal response to the coronavirus pandemic with white house briefings, updates from governors and congress and our daily call-in program "washington journal" hearing your thoughts about the coronavirus crisis. if you missed any of our liv