touch with members of congress, federal agencies and state governors. order your copy online today at cspanstore.org. >> coming up, nancy pelosi will speak about extending coronavirus unemployment benefits which are set to expire. later, jill biden at the wife of democratic presidential candidate joe biden will take part in a discussion of the pandemic. she is joined by texas democrats eddie bernice johnson and marc veasey. that will be live at 2:45 p.m. eastern here on c-span2. >> host: dan coats is a research fellow with the american enterprise institute and joins us now to talk about latest report looking at topics regarding parenting. dan cox, good morning and welcome to "washington journal." >> guest: thanks ravi.us i know there's a lot of topics. what we are looking for and will

be hoping to finally comes to the topic of parenting? >> guest: i think it's pretty basic. we have done a lot of polling about what parents think about certain policies, how they view the federal government's response and dr. fauci. we were interested in checking in to see a see a base of our s to become what are they experiencing, what other day to day lives like. the responses we got were pretty grim. >> host: a lot of this if i understand correctly because schools were closing day care, patterson more time at home to get these basic responsibilities. responsibilities. how to factor into the overall results of what u you found? >> guest: that's right. a colleague of mine aei conducted a report about when a lot of the public schools had closed and the majority of them closed about mid-march. if you do the math for parents who can't rely on day care schools are some mechanics now, they were entering month five of people who are working and doing

full-time jobs and taking care of the kids full-time. >> host: when to take a look at these issues to get a sense of who you're talking to come to find what parents are in this report. how do you define that? on aest: this is based national survey so we interviewed all of america's aged 18 and up and this report was based on parents who had a child and housed under under the age of 18. >> host: single parents, to couple families, how does that work? >> guest: yes. across the board with different types of families and different family arrangements. we sawty some pretty significant differences out folks are experiencing parenting during the pandemic. not surprisingly too. households doing much better than single-parent households in terms of feelings of depression, feeling lonely or socially isolated and not having enough time for yourself. the majority of single-parent households express those feelings at least once a week. >> host: will go into that but if you'll want to ask our guests

questions about this topicic we divide the lights differently. if you're bear such own under age of 18 you can call and ask your questions -- one of the things you start off with talking about this, dan cox that was his idea of the level of comfort for returning to school. we could sure t the graph but tk with the numbers about what's been the nubs, parents were telling you about the comfort level that standing ticket back. >> one of the interesting things is this study was conducted back in early june so before we saw the second surge and with school return of the more distant. now it's five, six weeks with a lot of parents and so it's much more of an imminent thing. thinks that shifted a bit but most what i seen is consistent with her own suggest parents are uncomfortable with the idea of sending the kids back to school. we saw this across-the-board but

some express more in than others. mothers were more concerned than positive about syndicates back to school. parents of color were more concerned than white parents. there was also someen racial disparities as well. it's not just the schools. if you look across a variety of different measures, whether it's going to the movies or restaurants, even having some over to your house. parents are some difficult and less comfortable engaging in all these different types of social activities thanta nonpayers. >> host: just to show the chart, 56% ofho those mothers expressing when it comes to syndicate back to school, daycare, very uncomfortable. 24% saying somewhat uncomfortable. 42% of father saying they were very uncomfortable with hisis idea. does this idea about discomfort extend to going to a shopping mall, going to a park, et cetera? how far does ago? >> guest: we asked i think

around ten or 12 different items including playgrounds. so going with your child to the playground. a lot of parents in my neighborhood, certainly but i think about the country for taking the kids to the playground outside, supposed to be safe with the interactivity but again we are seeing a lot of discomfort. being an counter with something does not mean you will not necessarily do but it may mean how you approach ityb would be different. when it comes to schools, , thas a whole different ballgame because it's inside, because the latest research suggests kids as young as ten years old can transmit as well as adults. soso there's a lot of uncertainy around the information and a lot of trepidation and anxiety among pairs. >> host: how much to finances factor into their ability to send a child to day care more than they usually are under a normal circumstance so to speak?

>> guest: it's huge. we are hearing reports of affluent parents trying to start like to own micro schools or pandemic pods where they work with a couple of different families, hire a tutor or a teacher and create their own kind of school and find it where kids are getting professional instruction. that's very expensive and not availableto to the majority of students, certainly not low-income students. we're seeing differences and what we saw in her survey edges of people are faring, sort of emotional managing this crisis, that wealthier parents are unable to manage because have more resources whether to hire nannies or sort of offload some of the principal responsibilities to others. one of the interesting findings in terms of how they spend their time, parents are spending a lot of time just doing basic housework. talk about childcare anddj importance of those

responsibilities for parents but majority of parents said they are sending so many hours a day every day and just keeping the house clean and running. >> host: because we show people the chart of what the parents response but why focus on household work per se? >> guest: if parents are like my, you have your kids are in 20 4/7 is a lot more to clean it, a lot more good being tracked in and just keeping up with basic household chores is a lot more difficult when you have you one in the house. >> host: 26% of of the spiritsf respondents responding say they are spending more than four hours each day doing housecleaning and other activities. goes down to 16% of parents saying it's about three to four hours hours and if you compare to non-parents and parents without children about 40%en of saying they're doing three to four hours of cleaning per day. again there's more to the study if you would ask our guest,

202-748-8000 for those parents under the age of 18, or parents with children under the age of 18 and then all others 202-748-8001. on the political front, and you can factor the skin, daniel cox. there's a story ine the "wall street journal" about the congressional role should be in offering assistance. the highlight the fact is back in march approving the family first coronavirus response act which provides 12 weeks of paid leave for employees or parents of homebound children to the end of 2020. you can talk about the specific or talk about the large aspects of providing that resource. what you think, good thing, i think, is there a next? >> guest: as a parent i think it's kind of a no-brainer. we know about childcare centers will need additional funds if they're going to bring on and installst ppe and all the different things that will be required to w do. i actually have a two-year-old

and a four-year-old who are in day care doctor the daycare just reopened after having to do a whole mess of additional processes and protocols which is expensive. a lot of day care centers and schools are going to need some additional financial support. there's a recent report by another think tank in washington, d.c. that what they found was at least half of all daycare spot in the u.s. could be gone as a result of the pandemic. >> host: this is again daniel cox of the american enterprise institute who serves as a research fellow for the organization that will start off with mark, a parent of kids in new york in amsterdam. you are on with our guest. hello, you are on, how are you today? both of you gentlemen, i should say. mr. cox, i'm try to figure something out and know what is your been able to answer this simple question for me.

what is more valuable or what would cost more, federal aid to keep parents who cannot work home so that they can take care of their kids, or the life of the child? i mean, which one? i know we've seen human capital coming out of the white house as a term. what is the human capital value of a child in america today, according to the american enterprise institute and/or your self? >> guest: right. i mean, this is more ethical question for a lot of folks but i think when you think about the folks that are hurt because of the pandemic, there's been a lot of anecdotal evidence and research that suggests women and mothers are bearing

disproportionally negative impact to their careers. there was a recent study found among parents who could work because they're taking care of the kids come 80% of those are women. we think about the financial toll, economic cost, it's affecting a lot of people across a lot of walks of life. we can't ignore the fact that women are bearing the brunt in terms of their finances and their careers. >> host: fort myers, florida, our line for others. susan, hello. [inaudible] thank you for taking my call. i'm a grandma, 77, world war ii. i understand all the things you're pointing out but i'd like to point out a different type of education that is being transmitted. these children, our children are frightened. the adults in the room are scaring the daylights out of them. between the politics, the covid,

they are frightened and they do not understand. in fact, a lot of the adults don't understand. it's really a sad thing because children learn what you live. you can talk from now until doomsday. they will take their cue from what they see people doing and their behavior. the second point i would like to make is, i like hollywood. i like the entertainment industry and everything, but can they possibly produce any more garbage? everything on that television is violence, sadism and sex. i mean, can't you be funny without being dirty, you know? it's overwhelming and children are victims of this. >> host: thank you very much. if i would just jump on the last

part of, if you want to start the, the role of technology when it comes to the current situation. you can bring in the matter of content as the caller was talking about. >> guest: in terms of the new technology it's been a boon. i think a small release to a lot of pairs. window close to three-quarters of the parents said they use videoconferencing to connect with family and friends. many of whom they don't feel comfortable getting in touch with in person. i think that's been something that's been great. there's been a lot of discussion about how virtual education has a lot of limitations, but in terms of it providing at least available outlet and possibilities for students, it's something we would not have had the opportunity to even do a decade or two ago. >> host: because of who called, is there a generational role in this? she identified herself as a grandmother. iis suppose they could be and assistance to the parents as well.

i know you report may not touch on itt directly but other other studies that show the role of multi-parent or having grandparents and the like involved in this process? >> guest: i think that grandparents and older caregivers have been, , played a critical role for a lot of parents who are struggling, particularly parents who are both working. there was a recent study by the foundation that when we talk about schools reopening at the potential threat, 3.3 million kids are being raised on the households with either older caregivers or grandparents. when we talk about people who are vulnerable, we need to think not just of children and teachers,lk all those those are two groups that are very important but also some of these older caregivers would be at high risk. >> host: on the flipside of that because you talked about parents working from home, what's the flexibility level of employers these days fa period has to stay home to take care of the child gets about in school,

how are employers i guess factoring in? >> guest: we didn't look at that in our particular survey but the evidence we've seen is a lot of employers are being as flexible as they can. so if they can do extended work from home, office hours work, you know, they're tied to make it work for their employees. this can only go on for so long. if youan are a parent taking cae of your kids all day and try to teach a do home learning activities and try to do your work hour after they go to bed between the hours of eight and qam, , there's only so many days we can continue to do and still function as a human being. for a lot of folks we need to see the light at the end of the town and, unfortunately, we don't. the caller earlier question about the anxiety i think a lot of it is engendered by the uncertainty both among kids and

parents. there's a lot of concern about what's going on and what should be done and that's really come from the top down. there hasn't been a consistent response federal response to this. >> host: to the level of anxietyte and issues have talked about because ofnx that, one of the chart you show your mothers showingec mostly about feeling lonely or iceland. can you expand on that? >> guest: one of it has to do with mothers are disproportionately likely to be single, heads of single-parent households which we know that's a really important factor in terms of being a lonely. we know that also from other studies that mothers take on additional both emotional labor and extra physical labor around the house. they are engaged in more of the everydayes activities. those two things are really a large part of the disparity between mothers and fathers in terms of both being lonely and ---- which mothers score

significantly higher, you mentioned the idea of not having time for themselves. to make specific categories, self the press and actually physically trying because of these emotional issues. >> guest: right. we found aem significant numberf mothers and we asked how much in a week so that's a relatively short time and significant number of mother said they cried because of feelings of being overwhelmed or frustrated. less common among men. one of the things we assessed internally and how i talk about this stuff is we didn't i can ask a about feeling angry or other kinds of emotions that are more commonly associated and perhaps -- men are more comfortable in conveying and sharing of surveys. it may just be that women are more comfortable in sharing emotions but that meant and fathers are also in a great deal of emotional distress as well.

they just express it differently. >> host: wet will continue on with the conversation and till the house in in a few minutes. george in ohio. good morning. >> caller: good morning. >> host: you areoo on. go ahead. >> caller: i was calling about yes, , i'm a grandparent and we have a child, grandchild that we had in her home that we raised and stuff withh her mother. i was talking basically about parenting and school. what i'm trying to get at is people were worried about sending the children back to school because of the social environment they come in contact with when they're inwi school tt they don't come in contact with at home. but if they are in school under conditions, they will not have the social compatible with their friends like they would under normal conditions. as far as the social distancing and wearing the mask and all that, those are all good things,

but when youl send your child back to school under those conditions they are not going to be able to socialize with all the friends a like they normally would. people have to look at it, well, when they send their children back to school, okay, under the circumstances, they will not get the social occurrence with the friends like they normally would. those are things that you just have to not delete out the window at this moment. when people are trying to teach the children at home, okay, their social system at home with her family, okay, is good, as with her friends. they are still able to communicate with the friends over the phone, over the internet, and so they are still being able to socialize with the friends, just not in person. so i being safe in school and doing the things the cdc and the local governments want us to do in school is a good thing. so parents -- send their children back to school for the

simple reason of getting the social accommodations with their friends is not going to be what they think it is. because they are not going to get that. it's just a matter of you have to be able to protect your child at all costs. and when you have something like this and people say it doesn't affect children. it does, okay? in certain circumstances. you want to be one of those one to send your child to school and did you get the virus and it does affect them? how are you going toet feel lex you are going to feel worse, okay? because you're not protecting your child. those who want to send the child back to school for the simple reason of their not getting the social accommodation of their peers, okay, look, this is going to pass at one time. kids are going to be able to go back to school. i mean, i am optimistic. i am optimistic this is something we are going to have

to face, our country has faced these things before ever going to face a and we will come out of this. >> host:fa i don't mean to interrupt, only because were theing short on time but child you're raising at home, is that because of covid related issues? >> caller: yes, how old is the child? >> caller: 12. >> host: these techniques that socialization things like that, is that what you are applying to your own grandchild? >> caller: yes. >> host: how is that working? >> caller: it's working good, bob. my grandchild, she socialize with all her friends, over the phone, over the internet so she still socializes and she's in contact with them. so this idea that when you do send your child back to school it's for the purpose of not the inner learning but being with the friends. that's what they're missing. >> host: gotcha. that's george.

mr. cox, i kept them on long but go ahead if you want to add to that. >> guest: one of the things that struck me as i call it was like he was just like how difficult logistics are of creating an entire newti sort of school environment that can minimize the transmission. in her own daycare they sent us a five-page list of new processest and protocols they e engaged in, and all the schools want to figure out what to do. there's different age ranges, given activities and needs, social needs, medication. so it's really a herculean task for a lot of these teachers and administrators, particularly if they're not receiving any additional funding to do so. i think it'sec a real challenge. for a parent every single parent is going to try to do what's best interest of their own child. so if you're not comfortable sending their children to school, if they have any way not

to do that they are not going to do that if they are not comfortable. >> host: from michigan our line forot others. ron, good morning. >> caller:, good morning, mr. cox. i am a retired teacher after teaching for 32 years. i'm not going to address all the levels because we are dealing with a very competent situation, but one of the things that we did when ie was teaching school was when we wanted to change our academic structure, we contacted numerous schools across the united states and we use that information that they gave us for subject matter, reviewed the subject matter and adopted what we felt was applicable to our situation. i am questioning as to why our country doesn't or maybe they have, only i'm not aware of it, contacted countries throughout the world to find out how they are adapting their educational system to the covid crisis?

anything possibly that could be a beginning for us to pick from and use it adaptable in our communities. i think if that was being emphasized a little bit more, i think possibly you could even do it within our own country and then we won't have to spend so much time scratching her head as to what we should and should not do. i will wait to hear from your comment, thank you. >> guest: that'st: ousley right, there's a lot to learn from countries that have done things right and learn from countries that are done wrong. even within the u.s. and are communities and states that a done things better than others. there's a lot of learning that can be done and help guide us for the future. one of the real challenges of covid was since this is a new disease is a lot of uncertainty about transmission, what are the best ways to prevent it.

and now there's a consensus in terms of mask wearing, that we know that mask wearing is important. m unfortunately, we have been slower to adapt to it than a lot of other countries, and i think we're seeing the result. >> host: this is daniel cox with american enterprise institute. that report online bywa the what if you want to go to the website. mr. cox, out of all the things we've talked about we'll have about a minute or so left, is or something else interesting that you found the thing we didn't talk about interesting that was found in the report? >> guest: again, i think when you think about how parents are doing, again, there's been so much focus on the policy environment and what people think about school. but in terms of their emotional well-being, a lot of parents are really struggling. children, too. i think a lot in research should look at that. we also didn't look at this

particularly and our report but we will look at it moving forward is what is the state of americanmo marriages? this pandemic has actually put a lot of stress on american marriages, financial stress, stress of raising children, dealing with extended family and other caregivers, all creates the stress environment. we are really interested in saying how the state of american marriages are faring. i think i'm worried the news may not be good. >> host: if you want to find the report online come if you go to the website of our guest, aei.org, and you can see some of the research from daniel cox and the rest of the people involved as report on parenting at american enterprise institute. thanks for your time. >> guest: thank you. >> house speaker nancy pelosi will talk about extending coronavirus unemployment benefits which are set to expire your live coverage starts at one p.m. eastern. later, jill biden the wife of democratic presidential

candidate joe biden will take part in a discussion on the pandemic. she is joined by texas democrats eddie bernice johnson and marc veasey. that will be live at 2:45 p.m. eastern here on c-span2. >> booktv on c-span2 has top nonfiction books and authors every weekend. coming up this weekend sunday at 4:30 p.m. eastern penson university professor and author of begin again, and it's urgent lessons for our own on race in america. he is joined with author, activist and harvard university professor cornel west. watch booktv on c-span2 this weekend.

>> we are waiting for briefing with house speaker nancy pelosi to get started. she will be talk about extending unemployment benefits due to the coronavirus pandemic. you are watching live coverage on c-span2. [inaudible conversations] ..

[silence] [silence] [silence]