♪ >> use your mobile devices ♪ and go to c-span.org for ♪ liveand on-demand to ♪ ♪ follow the transition of ♪ power . ♪ president, president-elect ♪ biden, news conferences ♪ and it coverage at ♪ c-span.org.♪ ♪ >> coming up shortly, vice ♪ president mike pence ♪ holding a rally in georgia ♪ for david perdue kelly ♪ loeffler. ♪ live coverage here at ♪ c-span2. ♪ on tuesday, the balance of♪ ♪ power in the senate will ♪ be decided by the winners ♪ of the two georgia runoff ♪ . ♪ can senators david perdue ♪ and kelly loeffler are ♪ defending gop control of ♪ the chamber. ♪ the democratic challengers ♪ are jon ossoff and rafael ♪ warnock area live coverage

♪ on c-span, c-span.org and ♪ the free c-span radio app. ♪ >> we're back with julia ♪ constance was codirector ♪ senior policy researcher ♪ for the rand panel hejulia ♪ is here to discuss brands ♪ recent study is both ♪ teaching and learning in ♪ america's three secondary ♪ schools e.♪ ♪ julia, good morning.♪ ♪ >> it's a pleasure to be ♪ here.♪ ♪ >> tell us about the study♪ ♪ . ♪ who did you talk to in the♪ ♪ study and what were you ♪ trying to find out ?to ♪ >> our research on how the ♪ covid and the teaching ♪ started in the spring.♪ ♪ use our american educator ♪ panel which are national ♪ drepresentatives survey ♪ panels of teachers and ♪ school leaders to ♪ understand what's been ♪ happening on the ground in ♪ schools and classrooms as ♪ a result of the pandemic ♪ so we certain teachers and

♪ school leaders starting in ♪ may and serving them again ♪ in october asked them what ♪ kind of instructional ♪ approaches school is using ♪ so are the remote, in ♪ person?♪ ♪ how things are going, what ♪ percent of students have ♪ you been able to contact, ♪ what percent of students ♪ are completing their ♪ assignments, what the ♪ ♪ student achievement look and we also asked ♪ ♪ teachers about how they're ♪ feeling.♪ ♪ their stress, how many ♪ hours there working, ♪ concerns were leaving the ♪ profession.♪ ♪ >> one of the things that ♪ taught me in the report is ♪ where you and your ♪ co-author, our findings.♪ ♪ an alarming picture of how ♪ the 2020 2021 school year ♪ is unfolding.♪ ♪ what do you mean my ♪ sentence?♪ ♪ >> we saw a lot of ♪ evidence concerned us when ♪ we got our survey results ♪ back.♪ ♪ lack of evidence in the ♪ spring and fall students ♪ are getting all the ♪ curriculum content ♪ instruction they would ♪ have received in a typical

♪ school year.♪ ♪ we also know many more ♪ children are attending ♪ school as regularly as ♪ they normallywould .♪ ♪ another thing that ♪ concerned us was that ♪ curriculum coverage, ♪ assignment completion and♪ ♪ average daily attendance , ♪ all these things were ♪ worse when we look at ♪ teachers reports in ♪ ♪ schools with higher ♪ poverty more students of ♪ color they also look worse ♪ when we look at teachers ♪ teaching remotely which is ♪ large percentage of school ♪ right now. ♪ the final concern teachers ♪ were reporting or more ng ♪ typically when in really ♪ high percentages reporting ♪ concerns about birth ♪ reporting a likelihood of ♪ leaving the profession so ♪ all these came as a grim ♪ picture for us.♪ ♪ >> were there any ♪ differences between ♪ elementary schools and ♪ secondary schools are the ♪ findings prettyuniform ♪ ♪ across all of the schools ♪ ? ♪ >> findings work uniform.♪

♪ there were a number of ♪ differences between ♪ elementary schools and ♪ secondary schools.♪ ♪ elementary schools seemed ♪ to be doing a little ♪ betterwith assignment ♪ ♪ completion , with students ♪ coming to school.♪ ♪ on the other hand, there ♪ ♪ are some concerns that we ♪ have about elementary ♪ schools because we know ♪ that those children are ♪ smaller.♪ ♪ they are remote, they are ♪ probably greater teacher ♪ need played out in our ♪ survey results teachers in ♪ elementary schools ♪ reported a lot of needs to ♪ support students.♪ ♪ probably because those ♪ students are smaller and ♪ harder connect with when ♪ you are doing things ♪ remotely.♪ ♪ >> du jour study deal with ♪ both public and private ♪ schools where did you look ♪ at one or the other?♪ ♪ >> we were focused on k-12 ♪ public schools so not ♪ private schools for the ♪ study.♪ ♪ >> let's go through some ♪ of the key findings that ♪ you saw in your study.♪

♪ so here's some of the key ♪ findings i want you to ♪ talk.♪ ♪ most schools are entirely a ♪ or partially promote♪ ♪ education . ♪ the students were less ♪ prepared to participate in ♪ grade level work and ♪ teachers were less able to ♪ contact students and there ♪ was less accountability.♪ ♪ before we go, talk about ♪ those three things before ♪ wego further .♪ ♪ >> when we asked school ♪ leaders and teachers ♪ whether their schools were ♪ remote or whether they ♪ were in person or whether ♪ they were somewhere in ♪ between ♪ hybrid model.♪ ♪ about 80 percent reported d♪ that their schools were at ♪ least partially remote and ♪ third totally remote ♪ meeting or not getting any ♪ in personinstruction at ♪ ♪ all . ♪ and our data from this ♪ study as well as other ♪ sources indicated that ♪ schools are higher poverty

♪ and have more students of♪ ♪ color are ♪ disproportionately remote ♪ and why does that matter ? ♪ it matters because ♪ teachers report much ♪ greater need when their ♪ students are learning ♪ remotely so students are ♪ from these high poverty ♪ schools, students of color ♪ are probably not getting ♪ their assignments done as ♪ usual because they are ♪ remote not to mention the ♪ compounded problems of ♪ being in high poverty ♪ schools having lower ♪ assignment rate completion ♪ to begin with so you also ♪ asked me to talk about ♪ students being less ♪ prepared to participate in ♪ grade level work so we ♪ asked teachers how ♪ prepared are your ♪ students? ♪ 66 percent report that ♪ students were less ♪ prepared during the 2021 ♪ school year relative to ♪ lastyear .♪ ♪ 27 percent indicated their ic♪ students were ♪ significantly less ♪ prepared and we saw ♪ teachers in those high ♪ poverty schools were about

♪ 12 twice as likely to say ♪ your students were less ♪ prepared than last year. ♪ and as far as teachers not ♪ being able to contact ♪ students, on average ♪ ♪ teachers reported being ♪ able to contact roughly ♪ four out of every five ♪ students.♪ ♪ those percentages were ♪ much worse than in the ♪ spring now in the fall ♪ they are still students ♪ that are falling through ♪ thecracks .♪ ♪ we also asked teachers ♪ whether they were ♪ assigning letter grades to ♪ students this year. ♪ back in spring, only about ♪ ♪ roughly 30 percent of ♪ teachers said they were ♪ assigning letter grades.♪ ♪ now in the fall about 60 ♪ percent said they are ♪ assigning letter grades ♪ that signal that ♪ instruction may not be as ♪ rigorous.♪ gr♪ there are lots of reasons ♪ not to assign h right now ♪ when students are also ♪ provide accountability so ♪ that's why we say there is ♪ likely less accountability ♪ this year l.♪ ♪ >> let's look at more key ♪ findings from your report ♪ which also found teacher

♪ more out was low with ♪ increased burnout. ♪ there were continued ♪ problems of access to ♪ digital devices the ♪ internet at teachers who ♪ are providing virtual ♪ learning need more ♪ support. ♪ more about those findings.♪ ♪ >> teacher more owl right ♪ now is a real concern ♪ because the teachers leave ♪ the profession in greater ♪ numbers towards the end of ♪ the school year.♪ ♪ school districts are going ♪ to have a lot of plants ea ♪ not only addressing ♪ learning loss but bringing ♪ more teachers back to ♪ their schools.♪ ♪ when we asked teachers in ♪ the spring whether burnout ♪ was a concern for them ♪ about 25 percent of ♪ teachers and it was a ♪ major concern.♪ ♪ we ask again in the fall ♪ and 57 percent said it was ♪ a major concern so that's ♪ way up from the spring.♪ ♪ we also see teachers ♪ feeling the stress are ♪ higher in enthusiasm since ♪ the profession is lower of♪ would be in a typical ♪ school year and was ♪ concerning thing is when

♪ we asked teachers are you ♪ likely to leave the ♪ profession, about seven ♪ ♪ percent teachers are ♪ likely to leave the ♪ profession before tran ♪ covid now so that's on par ♪ with teacher attrition ♪ rate then there were 17 ♪ percent teachers said they ♪ were likely to leave the ♪ profession before covid-19 ♪ but i'm likely to now ♪ that's a large number of ♪ teachers could be leaving ♪ schools and this year.♪ ♪ you also asked about ♪ continued problems ♪ accessing digital devices ♪ andthe internet .♪ ♪ principles in remote ♪ schools that are remote ♪ only reported a higher ♪ proportion of access to ♪ digital devices so that's ♪ good.♪ ♪ but principle in remote ♪ only settings only ♪ reported 86 percent ♪ internet connection at ♪ home so those 14 percent ♪ of students who are ♪ totally remote and don't ♪ have adequate internet ♪ connection, we're not sure ♪ ♪ how they connecting with

♪ their teacher, how they ♪ ♪ are learning the hesame ♪ level as the internet ♪ connection and can connect ♪ from whole.♪ ♪ >> we like to remind our ♪ viewers can take part in ♪ thisconversation .♪ ♪ open up our lives because ♪ we want to hear from so ♪ people for this ♪ conversation so first, our ♪ ♪ first line will be for♪ ♪ parents . ♪ are you seeing with your ♪ children and teachers that ♪ they are working with?♪ ♪ parents, your linux with ♪ the 202 and 48,000.♪ ♪ those teachers not only to ♪ teachers and ♪ administrators, we want to ♪ know what you're going ♪ through so educators, ♪ educators your line will ♪ be 202 748-8000 one.♪ ♪ if you fall into either ♪ one of those categories ♪ and you want to jump in ♪ anyway will be ♪ 202-748-8000 two so 202 ♪ 748-8000 four educators, ♪ everyone else 202-748-8000

♪ two.♪ ♪ remembering always text ♪ 202748 8003 where always ♪ greeting you on facebook ♪ /c-span so let's go to our ♪ phone lines talk to kyle ♪ was calling from buffalo ♪ new york kyle is an ♪ indicator.♪ ♪ good morning. ♪ >> are you there? ♪ i think we lost kyle but ♪ let's go to steve who's♪ ♪ calling from miller place ♪ newyork .♪ ♪ steve, good morning .>> ♪ i teach in the middle ♪ school i teach most of my ♪ classes live area each one ♪ online class remote a.♪ ♪ i wish we would go back to ♪ all remote because i'm ♪ worried about getting ♪ covid. ♪ we had five teachers out ♪ and 100 students in ♪ quarantine because the ♪ teacher has covid.

♪ it's a big mess. ♪ i just wish this old ♪ vaccine would come in soon ♪ and we could get back to ♪ normal.♪ ♪ also i just want to ♪ mention teachers also ♪ depend on coaching, doing ♪ ♪ things after school to ♪ earn a little extra money ♪ to make ends meet none of ♪ that is, there's no money ♪ ♪ from this year might be ♪ another reason why ♪ teachers are thinking of ♪ inthe profession .♪ ♪ >> go and respond, julian.♪ ♪ >> i think steve said what ♪ you're pointing out about ♪ teaching right now.♪ ♪ it's just a tough thing to ♪ be doing.♪ ♪ i also worry about the ♪ fact that teachers don't ♪ have those afterschool ♪ options for getting ♪ additional money.♪ ♪ i hope that what happens ♪ now is that pools get more ♪ money through the stimulus ♪ package at the use to ♪ implement as many safety ♪ precautions as possible, ♪ ♪ to make teachers a little ♪ more comfortable in ♪ schools.♪

♪ there are covid testing ♪ programs happening now ♪ where schools are piloting ♪ things like tests in order ♪ to just be able to test ♪ students when i walk in ♪ the door.♪ ♪ i have a sniffle you can ♪ give them a test to see if ♪ they need to go home they ♪ just have a cold and not ♪ coronavirus.♪ ♪ so i'm hoping that all ♪ those things really get ♪ implemented more and more ♪ in schools so that ♪ teachers feel more ♪ comfortable going to ♪ schools and teaching in♪ ♪ person as well as parents ♪ and families . ♪ >> we have a question for ♪ one of our social media ♪ followers, what impact did ♪ the lack of high-speed ♪ broadband in rural areas ♪ have on the students so ♪ affected?♪ ♪ >> could you repeat that ♪ one more time for me so i ♪ can ensure i question?♪ ♪ >> what impact did the ♪ lack of high-speed ♪ broadband at one students ♪ who did not have ♪ high-speed broadband?♪ ♪ >> there are huge

♪ proportions of students ♪ that don't have that i ♪ accept broadband not only ♪ in rural areas but there ♪ are pockets in rural areas ♪ where students don't have ♪ access as we found in our ♪ city when you don't have ♪ access to the internet ♪ you're not going to get ♪ assignments completed as ♪ readily students who did ♪ so when we asked teachers ♪ what proportion of their ♪ students access to the ♪ internet and ask them ♪ about assignment ♪ completion we found those ♪ two results are correlated ♪ which isn't surprising ♪ because if you can't ♪ connect to the internet ♪ not only going to have ♪ access to that information ♪ but you don't have, you're ♪ ♪ not able to access your ♪ teachers so there are lots ♪ of reasons why broadband ♪ connection is important ♪ and well things i like to ♪ see in the stimulus ♪ package is about $7 ♪ billion is committed to ♪ expanding broadband access ♪ which is great news not ♪ only for schools but for ♪ lots of other reasons and ♪ for workers trying to find

♪ employment at all kinds of ♪ things.♪ ♪ >> let's talk to jordan ♪ who's calling from north ♪ carolina, good morning .♪ ♪ >> good morning, how are ♪ you guys?♪ ♪ >> go and jordan.♪ ♪ >> i know the pandemic is ♪ going on but i wanted to ♪ know how julia feels about ♪ kids going back to school ♪ and waiting until after ♪ this pandemic is over.♪ ♪ >> guest: could you say ♪ that one more time, you ♪ werebreaking up and i'm ♪ ♪ not sure i got your whole ♪ question . ♪ >> caller: i know this is ♪ still going on but how do ♪ you feel when this is all ♪ over with, do you feel ♪ ♪ like kidsshould go back to ♪ ♪ school ? ♪ >> guest: well, i think ♪ kids should be able to go ♪ back to school when their ♪ parents feel safe doing so♪ ♪ . ♪ when schools feel safe ♪ doing so i think one of

♪ hathe issues is that we ♪ haven't had your guidance ♪ on the exact metrics that ♪ are necessary for schools ♪ to go back so what we see ♪ across the united states ♪ is that schools and ♪ districts are adopting all ♪ kinds of metrics for ♪ determining that.♪ ♪ as long as you have ♪ metrics and you consulted ♪ with experts that's a good ♪ thing i think in general ♪ if we could have some ♪ really clear national ♪ guidance on when it feels ♪ safe enough to go back to ♪ that would be useful.♪ ♪ again, also safety ♪ precautions are necessary ♪ not only just testing all ♪ kinds of layered ♪ mitigation.♪ ♪ making sure students are ♪ wearing masks, even adding ♪ ♪ temperature checks at the ♪ beginning of the day. ♪ all kinds of things we ♪ could be doing to make ♪ sure everyone feel safe. ♪ you're asking about when ♪ this pandemic is over, ♪ ♪ when we have a reasonable ♪ number of people ♪ vaccinated, does it feel ♪ ♪ like going back to school ♪ will makesense .s ♪ ♪ i think speaking as a ♪ parenti'm hoping so .♪

♪ i'm hoping everyone is ♪ just and back to school ♪ because i think in person ♪ connection is just final ♪ for children, for their ♪ families.♪ ♪ making sure learning ♪ happens also to provide ♪ that social and emotional ♪ support so i'm hoping that ♪ back to school goes ♪ smoothly when we're ♪ talking about the next ♪ school year.♪ ♪ >> as a parent julia i ♪ completely agree with you ♪ there.♪ ♪ we have another question ♪ from one of our social ♪ media followers who wants ♪ to follow up on the♪ ♪ question of when kids go ♪ back to school . ♪ this followers is working ♪ in e-learning i'm lucky as ♪ our product is used now ♪ hamore than it has everbeen ♪ ♪ . ♪ that said question is if ♪ teachers will implement ♪ long-term changes, ♪ ♪ especially far more online ♪ learning or revert to ♪ tried-and-true methods of ♪ the past.♪ ♪ is there anything about ♪ this virtual or online ♪ learning should go forward ♪ when students actually ♪ returned to school?♪

♪ >> asked a great question ♪ and i sure hope that we ♪ can retain all the things ♪ and that there are a lot ♪ of great things about ♪ learning will be one good ♪ thing i think for me as a ♪ parent and we for this ♪ from other people is that ♪ i think a lot of us have ♪ put in place clear ♪ information about grades. ♪ when i go to my kids ♪ school have a great where ♪ i can see exactly howmy ♪ ♪ child is doing . ♪ i have a much better how they're doing ♪ ♪ did before all these ♪ remote n platforms that have ♪ been put in place to ♪ understand how mykids are ♪ ♪ doing . ♪ i sure hope that we had ♪ been doing that before we ♪ can retain.♪ ♪ i think there is lots of ♪ evidence through history ♪ schools tend to revert to ♪ what's comfortable, to ♪ ♪ what's traditional more ♪ and more are amazing and ♪ innovative platforms ♪ online games and waited ♪ students are learning and

♪ that are being taken ♪ advantage of right now i ♪ hope really continue.♪ ♪ keep going on. ♪ i think in person learning ♪ is so important but there ♪ are lots of innovative ♪ ways s children could be ♪ learning right now and ♪ pass the pandemic through ♪ digital devices and ♪ through games and such.♪ ♪ >> let's go back to our ♪ phone lines and talk to ♪ larry wascalling from ♪ ♪ twentynine palms ♪ california . ♪ good morning.♪ ♪ >> morning. is trumps america.♪ ♪ everyone in america and a ♪ chance to vote for hillary ♪ pand they wanted to punish ♪ her and ozzie were ♪ whatever. ♪ looking is getting ♪ punished now.♪ ♪ what can you say? ♪ women didn't want to ♪ protect their kids by ♪ putting in hillary.♪ ♪ i wanted to take a chance .♪on the truck ♪ now everybody's hungry, ♪ schools don't work.♪ ♪ half the people in america ♪ don't know what neutrality ♪ is but they can make a ♪ semi automatic weapon so i

♪ think i don't know what to ♪ say about.♪ ♪ you guys had a chance to ♪ take care of your own and ♪ you took a chance.♪ ♪ roll the dice and that ♪ what you got for kids see ♪ the lines in floridatexas ♪ ♪ and even california , ♪ people are hungry and so ♪ this is what you guys ♪ wanted.♪ ♪ women of america, next ♪ time wake up.♪ ♪ >> host: respond to that ♪ if you want to julia. >> guest: i'm not sure if that was directed to me or all women or what but there are lots of women that vote politically for someone other than from . i also think that the incoming biden administration in all seriousness, i think they are talking of putting more money into schools and i'm hoping that'sthe case . i think right now the current stimulus, $900 billion . the st56 billion being set

hoaside for schools, maybe a little less than that for eight through 12 schools. is not really going to be enough to find all of the budget problems at school districts are going to have. i don't think it's going to be enough because of the state, a lot of money in the stimulus package, that's not going to states to give to schools to fill all the state budget woes that are going to becoming up . so i'm hoping that more money gets into schools because right now they need and they're going to need it next year as well. >> host: there is $82 billion for schools and colleges in the covid relief bill that's being talked about in washington. do you think that's an adequate amount of money for schools and colleges in the s covid really still ? >> guest: as an education researcher i want to see

education being supported as much as possible. i think it's our future. there are lots of children falling through the cracks and i think right now especially we also need those kids to be able to connect remotely. i am not sure that right now getting $7 billion for broadband access will is right now because schools are still remote so i'm concerned about. i'm really concerned aboutthe coming year . i think it schools could partner with community organizations to put in robust tutoring support, there's not enough money in the stimulus package to do something like that to get tutoring for all students that need it in the coming year there are a lot of reasons why more money with good. >> let's go back to our phone lines and talk to michael was calling from evansville iowa. good morning.

>> caller: this is thefirst time call for me and i'm excited about being on your . my question is that i am an experienced reading buddy, if you're familiar with the program. it's a great program here locally. i have a retiree from the head start program. right now there's limited things that we can do. they prefer obviously not to have us coming in from outside. i thought i was going to be involved in our final program because of publications there , that did not work. when i'm asking is how can we help folks that are obviously there are a lot of people with experience like myself that really want to help.

what's the best way or one of the options for us to help out with the reading programs ? i was specializing in first graders. i understand after a study here that was the area that was suffering the most. i have a real concern. i have no children of my own. i want to do this as a concern citizen. how can i help. >> i wish there were so many more people like you because right now, children need more help than ever. i think a challenge right now schools are just drinking through a firehose had really set up all the programs that are necessary to support children. i do know right now math is an area where we know there is even more learningloss

than reading . that might be because it's art as evil to their children with. i know my children are 14 and 11 and i work to help them but sometimes i need a little prior to my kids the financial work whereas with reading much more comfortable trained to be an english teacher and lots of people are comfortable reading i think children need help in both those areas. i think that would be really important is to do a google search in your area, see what unity organizations offering tutoring, the first thing i do another thing i do is connect with schools. connect with them and askthem for their tutoring programs, i help . but i do think there are lots of unity organizations are also partnering with schools so i think are lots of options out there if you can't find an option and in your area, if you have any new, i would say trying to find a group of people that you can work with maybe set up a tutoring program.

i know that might not be within a lot of people's reach but that is something we are thseeing in a lot of communities. some amazing work happening in real grassroots work to help children and i'm so glad you're willing to help. >>. >> host: we have a comment from one of our social media followers and i'll follow up with a question . this person texted in all k-12 schools immediately. teachers should be no different than other workers. health of our children is suffering. my question to you julia, do you know where teachers fall on the vaccinationschedule . i people want to see the k-12 tools open at least fall but i haven't heard any teachers or being put on that prioritization list for the vaccine. >> is definitely been talk about teachers getting the vaccine . absent at the same time as workers . i think in many states at the

state choice. and i do think it is an important group of people. after healthcare workers, after people in nursing homes , i think teachers are one of the groups being targeted in many states i agree that it's really important to get those teachers back that in so that they can get back to school. also, i think young vaccination, i get things like testing, loeffler testing could be distributed to staff so thatstaff feel more comfortable in school but also to students , there are lots of reasons why we can't force teachers back to school until they have a safe place to go so looking at all the things about the covid infection rates, about safety precautions that schools put in place down the road vaccinations, those are all things and help teachers get back to school to school.

>> go back to our phone lines and talk to cliff was calling from denver colorado. clint, good morning. >> happy new year. i just have a couple of comments. i like sponsors from your guests and educational researcher regarding technology and its acceleration in the classroom . and if your teachers maybe being replaced by technology or at least there being a great reduction fin the need for teachers regarding being replaced by technology.one other comment i have is not teachers and their resistance towards taking the vaccine. i'm wondering if any research regards theirhesitance on receiving the vaccine . i take her comments in response. thank you very much.

>> guest: thanks for those questions. the first about technology taking over. i actually think pandemic has driven home the opposite. in person instruction is really important. our research suggests that when kids are totally remote, it's not enough. maybe that in person connection course when kids are totally remote, they still have a teacher. the teacher is just connecting with them at a distance for the most part. so i do think technology can support teaching in a lot of ways. talk about some of the innovations that technology can bring there's no substitute for agreat teacher . as far as your second question which i believe was about the vaccine and maybe you could review that question one more time to make sure i have. >> i think you have it,he's already dropped off .

>> i do think that there is a lot of hesitancyamong some people to take the vaccine . i'm hoping that as more and more people get a vaccine it will lose confidence and that teachers feel more confident getting that scene because i think course the more people that have vaccine and can feel safe going back in the classroom, the better it is for everybody. >> host: let's go to stephanie was calling from new york new york. stephanie is an educator as well. >> caller: happy new year's to you both. i am currently in full disclosure a fully remote teacher because of health accommodations so i am working fully remote teaching and live streaming daily from at least 8:00 in the morning until four. and then of course there's the general teacher

preparation time or the next day and so forth but my concern is that when this began, there was all of this conversation about all my god . teachers, you are amazing, your wonderful. i'm sorry, i'll never argue with you again now it's mass, do what you need to do for the economy and for the children and the problem is that we give 150 percent to our children at our own expense, pockets and we do it because we lovewe do. i love the children that i serve . >> host: go ahead and respond, julia. >> guest: every time i talk to teachers and i've been talking to them more and more lately i am just blown over by their commitment to children. i think teachers are doing all they can. i agree with you that in cases where there is a high

covid infection rate in the school there's no way to feel safe going to the school unless there are lots of safety measures in place and unless you feel, doing that. i would just say to the teacher and to all teachers that are struggling with being remote that there are a lot of people like me, i'm a parent i they appreciate all the hard work you're doing there's a lot right now going on remotely that is great for kids. >> ..

those teachers who were not teach remote, i think there is a lot you can do to support kids right now, that hoping we can o back to school soon. >> host: lets talk to roy who is calling from park rapids minnesota and roy is also an educator. good morning. >> caller: good morning. i have taught in three states. i tot with a bachelors for a while. went back and got my masters and couldn't even get a job i mean, it was coming to run into a lot of local politics. there's just a few influence. anyway, my point is dvd learning systems have been so good and i've watched school systems all over in three different states through a way dvd learning. what they've done is also thrown away their libraries and put it microwave emitters in classrooms. i don't have apa lot of sympathy for schools.

idm am seeing and administrative foolishness about all this when there's really good ways to do things and just my observations. i would like to hear from julie on this. thank you for hearing me out. >> guest: i think, i'm not sure what dvd learning means but it do think there are a lot of choices that are relegated to schools, the schools have to make onso their own pick some states are doing a lot more to support schools than other states. i think states in particular really need to be supporting schools right now because there's only so much that schools can be doing to support kids. there's only so far they can go. right now we know lots of kids are experiencing trauma at home, are not showing upt for school. when were in the middle of the pandemic itch really hard to search all those children down, find them, and then back to school.

there's lots of other support schools themselves need right now. states, there is a lot of direction and support provided to schools and a lot of the direction is being relegated to the districts, who are in a really tough place right now trying to make decisions for their children without much funding to do so. i think that is going to change with the stimulus coming through. hoping that changes, so that schools can do more, can figure out better how to support kids remotely, can figure out better the safety precautions to put in place to support kids. host: julia, before we run out of time, did you come up with any recommendations for the school systems for the rest of the school year and for the beginning of the new school year? guest: yeah. we really focused on -- and this was before the stimulus came out -- we were focused on schools

needing an infusion of funding to address multiple needs. but particularly to target remote instruction. we know the kids engaged in remote instruction are often in high poverty schools, often students of color, so putting more money into schools to support remote instruction, getting them digital devices, getting them broadband, is really important. also, getting safety precautions in place including covid testing to make sure students and teachers feel safe. the other piece we recommend is just trying to get more data so we really know what is going on, especially on those academic interventions that curb learning loss, that might support students right now. we have some evidence about things that have worked in the past, but right now think that could work remotely, like to drink, we have evidence that could support -- like to drink, we have more evidence that could support them.

we need to see helping students catch up. we also need to know more about teachers' needs. they have a lot of critical needs and we need to. support them can districts collect data on what they need and what they're feeling is an adequate? research, we found teachers were reporting they were not getting adequate support to support students with disabilities, students who are homeless. all those pieces need to be put into place for them to feel comfortable teaching. ask your teachers what they need, what they are lacking. i think that could be an important step for districts. host: let's see if we can get a couple of more calls. john is calling from dade city, florida and john is apparent. caller: hello? host: you are on, john. good morning. caller: good morning. happy new year. i feel a lot of these teacher's

unions are using the covid virus to hold the government hostage for more money? why can so many other people work, bus drivers, people who work in restaurants, , and in young kids the covid virus has proven not to be as dangerous. i do not understand why they cannot go back to work and if they are going to work remotely, why do they want more money? guest: you know, john, i agree that for parents in particular of young children, this is incredibly hard. my kids are older. i do not have to support them as much. i do not know sometimes how parents with young children are doing it. i think some school districts have put in place measures that i think are really important right now to bring elementary

school students back and spread out across spaces so that those elementary students are getting what they need and in a safe place. i think safety is huge right now. a way to serve younger children and, make everyone feel safe i think that is the best combination of factors that can support everyone right now. i agree that elementary kids in particular really need to be back in person. anything the school systems can do to do that would help everybody. host: let's talk to martin calling from dayton, ohio. martin is an educator as well. good morning. caller: i am a reading teacher for sixth, seventh, and eighth grade. i also teach social studies, but it has been a very difficult year. we all know that. for teachers, most would tell

you it is like being your first year teacher. it is that level of stress and anxiety. mostly it is because we do not have them with us all the time. remotely and it is hard to engage kids that way. the motivated students are going to be fine, but the ones you can engage when you have them with you in the classroom, you do not know how much they are getting from it. i am reading a lot of books, great books from great authors because that is what engages them. it is better when you are they classroom. you can really have activities around the books and get them interested, even if they are not readers. i work in a low district and that makes it even tougher. the learning starts at home and sometimes the only learning plays they have is the school.

host: go ahead and respond, julia. guest: yeah, i think you are right there is only so much you can do remotely. it is wonderful you are reading to them. window reading is one into other places and other worlds and helps students and families think beyond the pandemic. even engage with their parents a little bit. i think for elementary kids toents are trying to engage help their children. i think that continues beyond the pandemic. hoping that teachers continue to connect with parents and inform them about how students are doing so that families can work with students, especially during

periods of learning loss like after teachers can get the kids back up speed. calling talked to diane from arkansas. good morning. caller: good morning to you. i am a substitute. i have been substituting the last six years in the local school districts. i believe i am kind of a professional substitute. i am 73 years old so there is no way i am going to substitute in the middle of a pandemic. my question is, and i have worked in schools in texas as 2020 and wes now have a pandemic going across the country. why are schools, which i have , we are not and

agricultural, farming community anymore. the hesitancy to stick to the old calendar just does not make any sense to me. bad whye pandemic is so not delay school opening until march? go into the summer and parents tters in the si summer. i would like to know her opinion why we cannot shift the school months. to the warmer host: summer school. guest: that is a great question. that is a great question and i think some school systems are considering that right now. considering changing their calendars. i think it is really hard to

change calendars because of all the logistics and all the pieces that need to be put in place, and parent expectations about when they need to support their kids. i think right now -- for example, where i live in pittsburgh, during the summer there are all kinds of things in place to get childcare during the summer because that is how the system works, right? i do agree we could take advantage of the summer months. schools close, earlier, are open earlier, their different calendars at different places and thinking about moving into the summer with the school, i think it is a good idea. could be some obstacles i am not thinking of that make that complicated, but i agree we could take advantage of those months and using some of these months to gear up for something like that. host: we go to brad calling from pennsylvania. good morning.

caller: good morning. as a parent and educator i think the one thing this has exposed clearly is the online education does not work. the one parent who called in and teachers not in the school -- why are teachers not in the school the kids? i do nothing we should be a protected class. these kids are safe. the science behind it says so. if, by chance, there was a student who do not feel safe, they could stay home and go i difference cyber route. but i think this has exposed clearly that online learning does not work. teachers should be in the classroom with their kids and as far as the last caller talked about pushing the calendar and performing the calendar and have school,me be a time for

maybe i am just a traditionalist, but we are a 10 month employee. a lot of time the teachers use the summer months for their second job and to carry out some endshose ways of making a meet. host: go ahead and respond, julia. guest: we have sort of build up expectations that jobs and everything around the nine month school year. teachers are expected to work in the summer and there are jobs in the summer. maybe, bit by bit, if the calendar was shifted, it would be easier for teachers to have that 10 month calendar. the kindsat those are of things that make it difficult to shift the school calendar. it is nice to hear from somebody

from latrobe. latrobep very close to and i think there are a lot of schools where school districts feel safe in the covid rates have been lower, but are getting higher. you are right that right now schools are remote and it is not working. that has been driven home by our research in particular. host: would like to thank julia kaufman, senior policy researcher for rand corporation, for coming on this morning in talking about the study on how the pandemic is impacting teaching and learning at america's schools. thank you for julia, thank you so much for being with us this morning. >> guest: thank you. it was such a pleasure to be here. >> coming up shortly vice president mike pence holding a a rally in georgia for republican senators david perdue and kelly loeffler. it was expected to start at noon. running late as you can see that we will have it