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>> on the debt ceiling and great debate in the country from the laryngoest business organization from the u.s. chamber of commerce. bradley is the executive policy operation there and the ear of members on both sides of the aisle. starting with the debt ceiling, what are youea telling them rigt now as the clock ticks down on whether we're going to breach the debt limit? >> the time is short and everyone was surprised by the june 1 deadline. we should have been working on this weeks ago, but that's in the past now. we have but a few days to reach what will have to be a bipartisan agreement. at the end of the day, it's got to be a deal because the support of republicans in the house, democrats in the senate and obviously the signature of

president biden run up to the debt line and kind of coast in and get it over the line. that's a recipe for miscalculation when you think it'll take you a shorter period of time than it does to round 7:the votes in the house, round up the votes in the senate and get it done we'd like to see them actually turn in their homework a little earlier this time. >> you've seen these count downs utand how concerned are you than previous one s? >> i'm more concerned than in 2011. i was in the room in 2011 and things not well known about that episode despite the policy disagreements between president obama and republicans on capitob hill, we had a very good understanding of working relationships of what it took to get a debt limit deal done in time to avoid a default and both

sides were committed to making sure that we didn't cross that line. this time i'm a little bit more concerned that there may not be enough understanding of what it'll take 20 touchdown catch get a deal passed through -- to get a deal passed through congress and on the president's desk for a signature in time. i'm a bit more worried. >> expo what you mean when you're in the room. >> at that point in time i worked for eric canner and we wered negotiating that 2011 del ironically than with vice president bide and we spent weeks together, leader of house and senate andat vice president trying to find areas of common agreement and talking about some of the very same things they're talking about today. >> kevin mccarthy part of that leadership team back then.ev what's your assessment of how he's handling these discussions as being one of the key voices in the room sitting down with the presidentnt last week? jees doing all the things he needs to do.

there's a lot of skepticism that house republicans could come together and pass the bill. we'll hold it together and if they pass the bill. they understand that's going to require negotiation at this point. he was asking for weeks to get back into the room with the president and thankfully that finally happened. he's done a good job of narrowing the scope of issues for the reasonable bipartisan issues. >> one of the building blocks of the compromise. >> the three. the first rescinding unused covid money and about $60 billion that congress and the administration put out and turns out we didn't need and right thing to do to reclaim that money and president bide season open and second coming up with agreed upon levels of discretionary spending so currently right now there's no caps and up to congress and the

administration on an ad hoc basis year-to-year to decide how much to spend through the annual aprop rations process. appropriations process and looking back in history, one thing that happens and debt limit deal when is you don't have caps is you agree on new spending caps so i think there's a recipe there for the administration and republicans and democrats on capitol hill to come together. third is actually a policy issue and that's more around permitting and there's broad agreement on both the left and the right. it just takes too long to get permits to build anything anymore in this country. can take more time doing paperwork and getting regulatory approval than the time it takes to build a bridge or road. shortening that process and streamlining and something both sides agree on and hope to see it included in the deal. >> is that the most important one to you with the u.s. chamber of commerce. how often have you talked to congress about that issue? >> we've been talking to congress about this issue for

years. esyou know, right now on average it takes you about 7.4 years to get a permit to build a bridge or road in the united states. that's just a federal permitting process. when you think about that, that means that we're going a whole long time before we can build the things we need. if we can take the bridge we're building today. for every million it costs to build the bridge, if we could have started the project five years earlier just because we sped up the permitting process, wewe would save about $170,000 r every million in expenditures. that's real money. the time value of money and savings and it's just the right thing to do for a great country. >> with bradley of -- with neil bradley from the u.s. chamber of commerce and if you wantt to jon do so on phone lines.

....im ... kids. we are proud to represent everyone from small businesses to the largest big. >> the liberty campaign, a push on the issue of immigration. explain. >> we are quite frustrated on two fronts. when the chaos we see on the southern border. and how long it is taking to

gain control the border and making sure people did not come into the country illegally. and illegal immigration system. if you look at one example about how both of these systems are broken. we have people crossing the border illegally today for nay court date that maybe five, seven, some instances 10 years from now to have their claims heard. at the same time we have legally coming into this country you have for example an advanced science degree. they want to come, work, help build businesses here in united states. they are sometimes waiting 12, 13, 15 years before they ever can come into the countryeg illegally. that's an indication both systems are broken we are on congress to do something this year to secure the southern border. and to begin reforming our broken system. should be harder to come into

the country illegally and easier to come into the country legally. >> in your times a day lays out two decades of failure. efforts tome overhaul the system fizzled in congress long before title 42. that is a headlight taking a look back at 2010, 2013, 2018. why has this been such a thorny issue? what did you see when you are on capitol hill and this meetings aspi well? >> in part the problem has become so big when you try to solve it with a comprehensive solution a collapse under its own weight. that's one of the things we've seen. we are much moreh encouraged by taking a more pragmatic bite-size approach to the problem. let's combine something to increase border security with the piece to reform the illegal immigration system. let's buildd confidence what shall republicans and democrats. much of thed american people we

can make progress on this complicated issue in a reasonable responsible action for them he can tackle the next problem we said we want to solve the whole thing in onele comprehensive bill that has the faith the "new york times"in talked about a lot of effort that produces no results. that is what n we cannot allow o afford to happen. tracing two decades of failure on immigration or times as we can find it by going to call and talk to neil brad's morning phone lines are open for you to do so. karen is out of miami, florida independent up first good morning. karen are you with us? >> caller: yes. i want to know what you think about returning bankruptcy rights to student loans? every other type of loan is the right of bankruptcy.

why is congress so against this? >> it's a great question for this is part of a compromise worked out decades ago. while the government a stepped n that allow people to get a college degree. college degree produces more earnings opportunities particulate over the life of someone who achieves a college degree. something that will not be allowed bankruptcy is something the government is stepping in and doing. that's what paul said they could look out it's better than forgiving debt across the board for people who can't don't need a bird to compromise many years ago.

was our biggest concern on student loan forgiveness at this time of inflation broad-based student debt forgiveness was not adjusted to the individual students needs is going to be inflationary. that is the biggest concern. you are talking billions of dollars essentially an wealth transfer that is inflationary. >> plays the cost of college so highe today? and only getting more and more expensive? walked into broken economic in most ways. you think about most things you and i purchased we are the consumer we are also the pair. someone is selling us that good. we are a stickler to make sure we get good in value. we do not want to overpay the things we are spending our money on. we demand transparency. we demand real value and sometimes drive down. the higher education universities are providing the

service. i am consuming the service as a student. but often someone else is paying in that third party payer transaction does not work well with e economics because economs is not concerned by keeping cap pricest down. the consumer is not concerned about driving a value down and the third party payer on there sidelines watching the prices go up. we really have to think about how we reintroduce the fundamental market forces to higher education. >> democrat good morning. >> good morning. the first thing on the student loan there are a lot of poor students who cannot afford to pay their loans back. and i do really feel for them. it is unlike our government. we have politicians who say it is time to pay our bills. we are not going to pay them. i wonder how that would work with your student loan borrowing

company if you call them and say we do not want to pay our bills until we figure out our budget for next year. that is totally ridiculous. also, another thing the republicans are doing to this country this gentleman mentioned, when people come to our border their countries in south america where there is a war. they are bringing their children. they are getting raped and killed along the way. then when they get to our border, what do you want to do to them? you want to turn them around. i think i remember not too long ago when the war broke out in ukraine every country surrounding ukraine that was a democratic country open their borders with open arms. her people came out to the streets and fed them and do what they could because they cared

about the people and they were fleeing a war. >> guest: diane has a great point there. when things are going to have to do to help curtail illegal immigration is people coming into the country illegally is making it easier for people to come into the country legally. when you foreclose all options when there is not a way for someone to have a legal opportunity to come to the unitedun states, they often rest to illegal means. that is why combining more border enforcement in stopping illegal immigration with increasing legal opportunities and illegal immigration we think is the right solution to help address the problems of thehe border. importantly to also help america grow. many more folks coming into a state she open more businesses on main street. to help fill that nearly 10 million open jobs we have it. this is a way to solve all those

problems. she went how many people to be let into the country legal each year where the chamber like to see that number? >> of not focus on a total number of book about million people coming in legally each year. in many cases on the employment -based site doesn't levels that were set in 1990. i don't know about you but i am not driving a car i had a 1990. i'm not using the same personal computer had a 1990. we are a much bigger country and a much different country than we were 33 years ago. but we have the same immigration rules that were written back then that does not make a lot of sense. so for example that is an area where there is a story over the weekend and politico tens of thousands of people who have earned a nursing degree who would love to come to the united states and beat nurses here in the united states.

that program. that hurts these individuals are trying to the right thing and come here but it also hurts our because whenstem people here say there's 10 million open jobs right now are you looking to fill allls of them but not americans? >> no, no, no by the way we have a lot of americans. although we have more open jobs than we do people in the united states looking for work today. that is unusual. if you look back over history, normally we have more people looking for work that we have open jobs. we have a higher unemployment rate. today we have generational low unemployment because for every 100 jobs that are open and semi- sync i went to higher than a help wanted sign is on the window we only have a 60 people out looking forwo work. what this is judy an independent

good morning. >> caller: good morning how are you gentlemen this morning? works doing well what is your question or comment? >> caller: my comment is this. with the influx of illegal immigrants, 85000 children who are accounted unaccounted for lost. we do have laws about children's labor laws whereby neat kids working in places where they shouldn't be. we have sex trafficking we have human trafficking, we have drug trafficking. how does this benefit us in any way, shape, form? there is a thing called indentured servitude people running the border i don't see how it's good for anybody on either side. >> guest: that's exactly right the sagas for anyone to humanitarian crisis. these are people.

in some cases these are children. and none of us should look at what is going on right now and look at the extended consequences of what happened and should feel anything other than anger at this is happening today in the united states. now, to solve this problem we have to update our t policies. the u.s. chamber where leading a business coalition over 430 different groups from all the 50 states thing is time for policymakers republicans and democrats in the building over at the u.s. capitol to figure what we can do to both reform that legal immigration system andd secure the border. the good transistors lots of good ideas out there. that cap the well on the part of our elected officials to start in progress. stu went on the agent of what age children should be working this caught my eye it went in the chambers thought that

lawmakers and i will pass a bill last year week that would allow children to work additional two hours on school days and grant them under age teenagers to serve alcohol at restaurants but senate file awaits the approval of kim reynolds and i with the signature of reynolds the eye what would joint other states that have dial back log senate label child labor protection looking to do so. arkansas pass its youth heart act in march which limited their proper children under 16 to obtain employment certificate before being hired. while makers cross eight states at august 2 weekend youth labor laws. >> is something lawmakers ought to take a hard look at. we obviously do not want children working or teenagers working in dangerous situations. obat the same time, when i was growing up there were lots of opportunities to cut lawns, to be a a paperboy, to work in the family business. having some work even at the age

of 13 or 14 that a teenager can do make some sense. we do not want to have rules that prohibit that blanket. we also don't have rules that are so lax that we are not protecting teenagers, who are in the workplace. pursuant to rhode island mrs. christian lankford democrats good morning. >> good morning, greatat topic. i just wanted to talk a little. as listen to a show yesterday about the immigration. these people trudge through jungles. it's not because i watch the news. but my husband is from another country. and i know what is going on in haiti. visit that country it was 45

minutes from florida why isn't there more help to help the people so they can stay in their country? i know we do not want to send the military. there has to be some kind of trade for something these people can make money to take care of their families. you are sending people t back there that haven't lived there. their resources i'm so upset. sue at those christian and rhode island. not the first caller to bring this up talk about immigration but helping other countries helping folks say in these countries don't try to make that dangerous journey here. space it has to be part of the solution as well. that can take several forms. part of it is helping ensure the drug cartel aren't the ones who are actually running the countries. it has a long history of helping other democratic governments

fight the drug cartels. in 20 years ago the united states started that effort with that country, trade also has to be an important part of it. folks in these countries need economic opportunity. part of that economic opportunity ought to be able to make and sell things into the united states fairly ought to be taken down some of the trade barriers which would allow more job opportunities for people in their homee countries. we went to richard and pittsburgh, pennsylvania independent good morning you are on. >> caller: hey how are you doing? my comment is about our congress. we have 535 total with the senate and the house. what is with these people they vote by party?

i think when we elect them, we elect them to represent the people of the country. that does not seemed like they do much in favor of this. it is like our president. we are proposing a bill about the debt ceiling. detail is something that supposedly our president is going to be too regardless. this is the bsb go through as taxpayers and citizens. i am going to be 77. i was in the military. i was in vietnam. at night here these things about veterans all of the time. and it kind of makes me mad.

still at a couple different issues there. >> guest: unfortunately our politics is more polarized today. they do tend to more often than not evoke the party line. fewer and fewer members of congress who across the aisle and figure out bipartisann solutions. the problem is that we're going going to get anything done and divided government you have to have bipartisan solution. one of the things we trace it back to his wares the risk and reward? for too many elected officials today there's too much risk in being seen working with the other side ofr the aisle and nt enough reward. one of the things we think about at the u.s. chamber that we all have to think about as americans who do not like this levels of polarization, is making sure we are encouraging elected officials to actually find areas of common agreement across the aisle.

we have started an award for members of congress who frequently work across the aisle. he went to reward the behavior that we went to see from our elected officials. >> host: who is an example someone doing that? speak to othert: public and sign don bacon as a republican from nebraska pretty comes on this program. he is willing to take good hard questions but is also looking for solutions. not far from here abigail's bamberger represents the richmond area. it's frustrated with her own party but is known for working across the aisle trying to find durable bipartisan solutions. with kyrsten sinema for example or thom tillis, or todd young. when things happen it's because these folks get together and find bipartisan compromise too. >> about 15 minutes left. chief policy officer the chamber of course the country's largest business c organization.

june can bounce this from today's "washington post" off you? the writer is mark mullin. chief executive at a uk -based bank. he talks about going to a four-day workweek and why he thanks it can work. in november of 2021 we introduce a four-day workweek to our staff cutting three and half hours off each employees workweek while leaving their pay flat unchanged but we figured this investment worked out to 9% cost of each staff member. guess what happened. they were very receptive there's no measurable and productivity. what does that tell us? some buffer in just about every company. i do not believe staff members are lazy but perhaps having fewer hours the work week encourages everyone to be more efficient streamlining some cumbersome processes. what you think? >> this is one about the free enterprise system. if you run a business like this a gentleman does, you see an

opportunity to reward your employees without hurting your efficiency or productivity you have the freedom to make that decision. when it doesn't work for another company they're not forced to abide by the same rules that don't work for them. we are very encouraging of all kinds of experimentation. how many of us thought would be working so much virtually in different sectors before the pandemic. a lot have figured out the ways for their employees to work virtually. u.s. chamber what we are most concerned about is making sure businesses have the freedom without a heavy hand of government to make those decisions and figure out what works best for them and employees. so what you're saying rat like lessee it chamber campaign on a four-day workweek? to kathy in ohio independent you're on on with the a bradley. >> hi good morning. i am loving this conversation

and i want to tell you why. huge answer multiple problems that we have is to restart the civilian conservation corps. while joint to restart? >> caller: we could engage a lot of kids that are students that have student debt to enable them to work off their debts it is they win, win, win situation. additionally if they get immigrants working in. i work in a dental office and have hybrid policies now with the government. we were in network for a regular private insurance company. but medicare has hybridized policies so it's hybridized with ourr network. so it works in our already set up system. we have all kinds of problems.

rip fun sites we have streams that need protected areas around them that need to be rebuilt. we need that need to be rebuilt. all kinds of stuff the civilian conservation corps can do. but what kind of talk is happening about that if any? >> a color brings up an important points for there's a lot of stuff we need to do in this country and we do not the people to do it. that is why the u.s. chamber impart launch this liberty campaign. legal immigration, order control reform. we doha not have enough people o build the bridges, to clean the streams, to work in the businesses that have four higher signs out. our basic fundamental problem is we need more people in the workforce. we need to reform our legal immigration system so it's easier for me too come here illegally and work. that will mean we could address a lot of this issues the caller mentioned. and have a bigger better growing

economy. stew liquidmi raising the minimm federal agency most people into the workforce? speak to the minimum wage is almost irrelevant we look at this point we'll get started wages even at the lowest scale today but look at the minimum wages set by state. i think we could increase the federal minimum wage. adjusted for inflation from the last time it was raised it would have almost zero material impact on the starting wages. our economy has passed by the moment in time that existed. stu and frank in minnesota good morning. >> caller: aisle to no effort is opposing our national sales tax for you can put a 4% national sales tax on everything traded. in theon stock market, bond mart commodities over $40 billion is trade every day which would

raise her four chilean dollars a year. then put a tax on everything else that's traded. everything on the stores you could raise another for julie which give the hla to put it on that balance the budget and added to social security and everythingng else. so why is everyone so opposed to going with the national sales taxho? stuart are you posterior national sales tax? >> guest: from a practical sales point today we do not tax sales at the federal level. many european countries do. instead we rely on income taxes on both labor and capitol gain. if you wanted to raise the most amount of money you ate at the sales tax on top ofsa that. that would be a devastating tax impacts. if you think prices are high today add another layer of tax on our existing level. in the past people talk about

swapping a sales tax for our current system. that is provement really hard to get consensus around. i think what we are at most a focus on theen u.s. chamber is making sure we have low marginal effective tax rates so we can encourage people to invest and work. ultimately that is what we need more of our people investing more people working to contribute to a bigger growing economy. seventy chamber feel about the trump eric tax cuts andac did ty deliver? what's the dead about one year pre-pandemic we saw the effects of that. it was really remarkable. income rose across the board there was the fastest for the lowest income in the united states. we actually saw a shrinking of kithe wealth gap between the richest and the poorest americans. we saw capitol pouring in to all

of these major infrastructure investments in the private sector. importantly we sell the best labor force that we had ever seen in terms of number of people, fewer peoplefe unemployd since the late 1960s. the pandemic blew that up. if you think where we are today in the picture it is clear we are enjoying a lot ofa the benefits of the tax reform. and makes the discussion were going having 2025 a lot of those provisions expire all that moree important. stu and mrs. james in connecticut goodhi morning. it's high thank you. i am very much conservative person. i have my own company and technology for a while. what i have seen i have a question for the chamber of commerce about is seems like that economic policy is always focused on two or three year horizons at most. and i want to specifically speak

to the issue we are dealing with migration. when prospero said all of those years ago enough was the giant sucking sound of all manufacturing leaving united states and going to mexico in many respects he was right. i was against that. but now i look at the north american south american i have friends in venezuela columbia and what is happening is the russians and the chinese are grabbing all the resources in those countries while the american government and i was a specifically under joe biden's spat. what happened? but here is the new enough for north and south america we can start to look at providing manufacturing jobs in these areas using them as a supplyse chain to the united states. i am very afraid my son just got out of the military that wef ce to our supply chain at any kind

of altercation with china we are going to be contacting them asking for the fuses for the bomb we are going to be begging them for penicillin for our soldiers. can you please speak about what is the chamber's position on eight north south american united free trade agreement? where is it goingis quickly? we do not have 10 years. >> guest: raises a really important point. it has been a decade since the united states last joined a trade agreement with any other country. that same decade over the rest of the world had over 100 trade deals. in about 10 years ago ppp involves the entire world around the pacific ocean with the exception of china. i would've been great for

american agricultural producers getting access toic japan and australia. more resilient supply chain that did not rely onth china. and we walked away from that deal. interesting what happened today we are one the outside and chia is the one change it into the trade deal whether it's north and south america, the pacific rim, europe, we do not even have a trade deal with the uk our longest ally. we have to get back into the game of free trade agreements that benefit the united states. we do not have a coherent policy it's a big push and it's a good thing towards renewable low carbon energy. that requires clinical minerals. at the same time we are not permitting the mindset allow us to get the minerals here in the united states which means we are

more reliant onme china. we really have to do a better job of coordinating these policies over the long term so that they work together and be successful. ask neil bradley the chief policy officer the chamber of commerce u.s. chamber.com is ringed by them online. deborah from lexington park maryland line for democrats. hugs hi good morning how are you? works doing well can you turn down your tea be deborah? turn down your tv it's easier to carry that way. >> sorry. go ahead with your question. >> caller: have a two-part statement want to make maybe i i have a solution. see what what is your two-part question go ahead. >> caller: about the immigration process i noticed over the years

that every time the haitians tried to come over because someone mentioned the haitians earlier. every time the haitians try to come overco they were coming ovr by boats and stuff like that but you always send them. back. they have never been able too successfully make it into the united states. so you have all of these people crossing here. why don't you send them back like you send the haitians back? why are they making over your successfully were processing them through. stu went on treating migrants from different countries different ways. >> guest: unfortunates a simple system of our broken immigration atsystem for we do not have a coherent policy to deal with people who are trying to escape violence or extreme poverty but we do o not have avenues for thm to come here illegally and we treat them differently when they arrived illegally.

this is exactly what we're calling on congress to address. thisl will not be fixed for you never fix our broken illegal border system. for our local unless congress gets in the game asserts updating our laws.re what this is jc you are on. >> caller: good morning mr. bradley. i have a question for you on our social security system. it seems they have many immigrants coming to this t country. they do not qualify and reference to the years they have put forth into thein system. there in the full benefits of the social security system. is that something that can be changed? why isn't government doing more to go for people who don't have education on roads on that

letter point the jobs are out there the one thing we most frequently hear as are members of the u.s. chamber regardless of industry. regardless of size. regardless of where they're located in the united states as they are having a hard time filling open jobs. thatca is for engineers, scientists all the redemptive people working construction. there are plenty of opportunities there. i would just say reforming the legal immigration system allowmm for people to come and work here legally would mean more revenue for social security and more revenue for the government without help begin to address the fiscal problems we have. that's not a principal reason to do it but it is an added benefit if we perform. >> is where viewers can go to learn on the u.s. chamber of commerce. n u.s. chamber.com on twitter en felt neil bradley at neil

bradley. always approach at the time. >> guest: thanks for having me. >> he spent as your unfiltered view of government funded by the television companies and more including media come. exit media, whether you live here, or right here, or wait out in the middle of anywhere you should have access to fast reliable internet. that is why we are leading the way. >> media can't support c-span as a public service along with these other television providers. giving a front row seat to democracy. >> next and look up the use of environmental social corporate government practices with investing. then present buying gives the commencement address to howard university's 2023 graduating class. later the library of congress testifies about