we'll do it by negotiations. so. so kind of tried to smooth that over, but that was kind of the politics of the matter. and so that that was kind of the last gasp, though, of tariffs. the smoot-hawley got such a bad name, and ever since it's been held up as this kind of catastrophic policy error that we have moved in more direction of free trade, starting with, i think it's called a reciprocal free trade act or something close to that. in 1934, under fdr. so that's usually up as a bad example. my own point here is that it's import in the total context. i think has been overstated. i'm not the tariff. i'm saying that it's not is somehow the the the bugaboo that it was made to be. thank you. dr. nash. another wonderful lecture. certainly appreciate the clarity. bring us back to herbert.

my question is, you would expect from west michigan, are there any instructive parallel contrasts with the ford presidency? ford, of course, went through a very economic

the presiding officer: the senate will come to order. the clerk will read a communication to the senate. the clerk: washington, d.c., june 26, 2023. to the senate: under the provisions of rule 1, paragraph 3, of the standing rules of the senate, i hereby appoint the honorable mark warner, a senator from the state of virginia, to perform the duties of the chair. signed: patty murray, president pro tempore. the presiding officer: under the previous order, the senate stands adjourned until 10:00 a.m., thursday,