tv Rosalynn Carter Interview CSPAN August 18, 2023 7:13pm-8:09pm EDT
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. i didn't tell anybody because we kept it very quiet. and but then once he decided he would do it, that was when he could hardly say i'm going to be president. it was just something that we never ever dreamed would happen. and but it was exciting, i was teexcited about it. i had campaigned the whole last year before the governor's for him and it was horrid and amy was a baby. but i enjoyed it. i learned so much about our state. we have 159 capitals, i knew the capitalof every county . and that's how i got involved in mental health issues, running a campaign in
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virginia. a big mental health facility hospital that had been a big exposc and the mental health assistance guide had been passed. this was 63 and this was 1966 when he first ran forgovernor . we got in late because our leading democratic candidate had a heart attack. but they were moving people out plof the hospital because they had room for 3000, it was awful and were moving them out before they had any facilities and there were no services in the communities and everybody darted talking, what will your husband do if he's elected governor of georgia . i learned so much about what was going on and i worked about mental health and the
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first month the governor's commission on improved services, so when he told me about that i thought this is for me a chance and it was so much fun to me. i loved going into people's homes when we first started campaigning for president i went to florida in both the two primaries we had and i have been working in the office supply business. when we got home from the navy virginia had me. i didn't work the first year but i started helping him and he only had seasonal labor. i started working for him and said why don't you visit the farm i knew how much they
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could get for their corn, we had a corn mill. i loved it. i was so excited and have been able to learn all about georgia and i was able to learn about the country and i thought hewould be a good president . >> mrs. carter, when did you know during that campaignyour husband would be elected ? >> we never doubted it. i don't think anybody in our whole campaign thought we would lose. maybe you have to have that sort of my two men but we campaign all the time just like he was going to win. >> what was the peanut brigade? >> the peanut big day was a lot of our friends, started just in georgia but we would
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campaign and it was worthwhile. they paid their own way. in fact we have no money. everybody in the campaign had to find a house to stay in. they would be able to spend the night with them or either that we had to pay for a hotel. that couldn't happen now cause, not with the money that you have to have even with the nomination. >> rosalynn carter, january 20 1977, what do you remember about that day? >> it was inauguration day. it was exciting. >> whose idea was it to walk? >> he didn't tell me till the night before. didn't tell anybody else except the six or seven other agents .
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the secret service agents didn't notify security. they didn't want him to walk at all but i guess he just thought it was better if i had been anticipating him walking down pennsylvania avenue. that everything would be different if maybe we shouldn't do it if that's why i didn't do it. but anyway it was really wonderful. >> january 20, 1977 you're the first lady of the united states. how do you prepare to become first lady? >> the hard part for me was going from the supply business to thegovernor's mansion, a beautiful governor's mansion . it was the outgoing governor had lived in it for 10 years. authentic furniture all the
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way through and i went to see the governor's wife. and i asked her who did the cooking and she said i do. who served papers, i do. she said i'd like to see your office which she said i don't have one , it's my staff is when she started having an office, in the capital they handled my correspondence. i said do you make speeches and she said i let the governor's mother do that and all that we had in the house were trustees from the prison . first thing i did was hire a housekeeper. and then we talked the prisoners to cook and serve papers and i developed a
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fairly competent staff. we had to hurry because that music club have invited me to entertain van clyburn. he was coming to perform in atlanta and on january 30 we actually moved in the governor's mansion so he had an aunt in this area and i called her because she's an extremely wonderful person and she came to help me. we put tuxedos on the president which was new and different for them and anyway we had a wonderful meeting and then i got her to organize to take people through the governor's mansion because i went the first time state patrolman scouting the tours and i
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thought that didn't suit me so and susie had a list of people that came to help, every day and the mansion was open the way i had to learn everything. had to learn staff, i found an error and my sister that helped me, we for instance when we entertain, one of the first entertainers we had was a man who had read his biographer and his talent and what he did and it sounded perfect. we had alot of racecar drivers , and they were coming with us so we got him and he stood up to sing, he say opera, if you can believe . after that we learned we had
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to audition everybody. when i got to the white house everything was already done. i didn't have to worry about what we were going to serve for any of those things . she would make plans and bring them to me and it was really wonderful. and amy was three years old when we moved to the governor's mansion. she had never known anything else and the governor's mansion the only thing i would say is that you couldn't get from the upstairs where we lived to the kitchen without going through the tourists and any learned three years of age to walk through the tourists like this. she got to where she would walk right straight through them without even seeing them . i remember when we got to the white house and she went to school the first day there was any the way she had done all her life and everybody felt so sorry for her.
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because it was just part of the life and actually after that happened on the first day the press together and decided not to bother me anymore . so that was really wonderful to the white house, we didn't have to worryabout that . >> where did you first meet jimmy carter? >> planes has a population of 634. i think i knew everybody in town. there were no girls my age in town at can i drink some water? i knew him but he was three years olderthan me . but his little sister who was three years younger than i would stay in town if we had a basketball game or some
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event at the school she would stay with her grandmother and she we became close friends. she was my best and growing up. >> this was ruth. and he graduated from high school in 16 and we only kept grades back then and i was 13 . there was no way i ever thought i would go with jimmy carter and i didn't go with him until he came home . before he was first class he came home from the naval academy. and the night before he was going to leave, but ruth and i plotted because i had fallen in love with his photograph on the wall. so she would call me and say he had a month leave and i would go out there and he would be gone and one day we were farmhouse.
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fairly close to the house. and everybody in town used to call school events and things like that one day she said somebody had used that the night before and they were going out. cleanup . and that night i was at church meetings at the door with youth meeting during the week. ruth with her boyfriend drove up and he got out of the car and he asked me to go to the movie with him. i went to the movie with him and went to the railroad station to see him off at nine and we started writing letters to each other at christmas time he asked me to marry him and i told him yes.
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>> i was young and i had promised my father i would go to college. i have not finished college. i went to annapolis at the weekend of the ring dance i don't remember what the it was when i asked him again he asked me again i and i accepted . >> it was july 1946 you said your father diedwhen you were young . >> 13. >> i was always for children, brothers and my sister was four years old . my father developed leukemia. i didn't know he was sick. i had been going to a church camp in the summer and they told me we don't have enough money for him one day i came home from school and my dad asked me if i would still
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like to go to the camp but i didn't know he was going through the oihospital to see what was wrong and he died just maybe that was in maybe may and he died in november. >> how did that affect your roleas the oldest child ? >> everything changed. i was oldest one. my mother had neverwritten a check . she went to college for two years and had a teacher's number, and back then they brought groceries and had planes mercantile company bought clothes and things and they would send the groceries to the house and my dad would pay for it. when he was on his deathbed he called us all in and told my mother that she wanted him to sell the farm and she had
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to because he wanted it all to go to the kids and i think i know. so the next year her mother died. he was an only child. and mama died not even, we have no idea she was sick and my grandmother lived on afarm outside of town . when he came back in she was leaning over. she was crying and she was dead in the chair and somebody call my mother 11 months after my dad had died and she me that depending on him so much. i can't imagine anybody doing that, i was getting ready to go to school and i heard this screening in the hall and it was tough. worked in a grocery store and then worked in the school lunch and when i was in high
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school she worked at a restaurant . >> .. so i was campaigning. i went campaigning after christmas. i came back home and my husband that her brotherto said brothero call me. he went to see my mother. she had to get up every morning at 7:00 a.m. finchch had to come back later in the afternoon. but my grandfather came to live with us when my grandmother died. so my mother had not slept for hours the postmaster did not want to get up early and he did not want to stay late. but anyway. i said mother, don't you enjoy being able to sleepsa in in the morning?
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she said it's not that it's just nobody things i can do good work anymore. that made an impression on me. and so when jimmy was president i became interested in working with mental illness because there were no doctors to care for people with mental illness. i note geriatric doctor. he passed an age discrimination law. the people on the federal government could work as long as they wanted too. people outside could work until they're 75. so i worked a lot on that. >> rosalynn carter you have always been a political partner to your husband, is that a fair statement? >> i've been a partner. >> he was in the navy for seven years after he got married. we had three boys the first two years after the first read onene baby he was gone for two years
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is on battleships. back then had to serve two years before he go. he was gone monday through thursday every week that duty off one night i had to take care of everything. and then when we got home i began working in the farm supply bobusiness. i think that is when we really develop this good partnership we i could advisee him and just developed into a really wonderful partnership. i did not campaign when he ran for the senate. i kept the business while he campaigned. but then, i campaign when he ran for governor that's the first semi campaigned. but then when he got in the governor's race i learned all of the issues and campaigned in did
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the same thing when he is running for president. i think it was the first time, i know lady bird had come through planes and trains. i think it waspe the first time the women had campaigned. i got in the car with a friend and i wanted to know if i could campaign along the way in the towns and pass out brochures, look up the radio w stations. we started going toward antennas because they were radio stations. [laughter] this might be just a music station where they played music. they would have no idea is that my husband is running for president i would like for you to interview me and at the present of what?
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i saidd president of the united states and they'd say you got to be kidding i'd say no i'm not kidding. they have no idea what to ask for the first day was over at five or six questions of things i wanted people to know about jimmy. i came home and said i can do it. what i learned was everybody's the same they want good families, in good homes they want good things for their families. they want a church. usually they wanted a place to worship. g they want to make a living and have a good life. everyone wants the same think tg regions have other things. but just in general people want to be happy and have a good home and a good family. >> in your book first lady from planes, you write you are more political than your husband, what did you mean by that? >> he says what he thanks no matter what it is and sometimes
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i would get on him. because i think you have to be political in a certain way. you have to be honest and you have to say the same things. but still you have to cater to people sometimes i think. know what they want and need to be able to influence them to vote for you. and it is not being dishonest. it's finding out what they want and letting them know how you'ru are going to help them with it. on the things that they want. just being political. but jimmy think something needs to be done, and needs to be done now. ann he was in office. i don't think he ever did anything that was not controversial. [laughter] i didn't like controversy all the time.
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we went rosalynn carter, and the white house to hold press acconferences, traveled solo, acted as the president's emissary. how did you develop the issues you wanted to talk about or became expert at? >> i worked on mental health i have the initiative on mental health. i toured the country. i worked problems of the elderly and a lot of that came from seeing what happened to my mother. because that was in the campaign. but also, and campaigning they took me where there were a lot of democrats. so i went to a lot of nursing homes, facilities for older people. consult what great needs there were in that area so that influenced me. i had to work on immunization in georgia but had good
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immunization program. and dale was a later a senator or he was a senator when jimmy was elected. he was governor at the same time jimmy wasn't at governor's goves conferences the wives wouldr gt together. and betty worked with the centers for disease control on a really good immunization program. she talked me into doing it. and so two weeks after got to the white house she calledd me and of course i was ready to work on immunization in the whitee house. that was one of my great victories.as immunization was required by school-age and only 15 states. there is a little bit if there's an argument about 15 or 17. the first year we were working with betty and secretary we got it in all 50 states. that was exciting. with this big meeting in
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washington i go from one subject to another. we had a big meeting in washington to celebrate with people from all over thene country.y. the next day there's not one word in a paper about it. i was so upset so i called joe i said i know there was a camera there. he said it was ours but nobody was interested in that news the session. i got upset with a prostitute, because they covered my mental health work might the first few meetings i had. then they never showedd up anymore. one of the things i wanted to do was bringt attention to the issue, how terrible it was. and what few services there were. iic think just getting it out in the public, that's what i did in georgia. there's a good program in georgia by the way. but they just did not come.
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i would cover my mental health is just not a sexy issue. and that i did not like. but i never did get very much coverage for it. but we toured the country, found out what was needed and develop legislation. pass the mental health systems act of 1980. it passed through congress one jimmy wasre involuntarily retired from the white house. an incoming president put on a shelf never implemented. one of the greatest disappointment of my l life. now have mental health symposium we have a great program here.
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one of people worked with me in the white house did a comparison of what we did in 1980 with the affordable care act is almost identical. you just past parity was announced here the final regulation, i had parity in the 1980 systems act. things dost not move very fast d mental health i'm so thrilled t now we have the affordable care act coverage we also had integration in the legislation combining mental health and substance abuse. see what you and bet ford work that together? >> that is right. after we left the white house but have go to washington she would get republicans i will get democrats and we m some
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progress. see what your pblems were known as becoming best friends very goodds. the jew and betty ford have the same relationship? >> yes we developed a really good relationship. we went to sadat's funeral after he left the white house. thatnd is when jimmy and gerald ford began talking a lot of time. and how much each one they thought similarly. and i started work withwe bettye developed a really wonderful relationship. stuart mrs. carter therees still several first lady still living. is there a sorority of first ladies in a sense? >> i had a good relationship with betty ford and with lady bird. as long as she was alive.
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that is about it. there has never been a real -- we see each other at events and elaborate dedications but there has neveruh been the closeness that i had with betty ford and lady bird. stay wet when you were first lady had a weekly luncheon with your husband. and would attend cabinet cabinetmeetings what w t purposf that? >> well, i had a luncheon with jimmy. there are always things i wanted to ask him sometimes it was about family and finances and things going on back home. but we also talked about issues. i would say it was mark family and personal things going on. but it gave us time to do that. after we were there until about
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august. jimmy stated -- state in the oval office in the daytime did not go back much at night. he started called at 4:3 p.m. in the afternoon my oice was in the east wing. and it always bent in the white house too. i put in the east wing. he started calling me and said let's go jog, or let's go do something. also i wanted to be home when amy got home from school. so i wasn't scheduling anything of that part of the afternoon. we would job, or exercise, swim and sit on the treatment balcony and talk about what he had done during the day and what i had done during the day. we had a good relationship. but what i learned in the white house was there's no way to know it's happening because of the
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press. you could not learn from newspapers. big mainframe assume the white house nobody had ever use them. doi don't know whether they gott those activated or more. this was a long time ago. but i could not tell. he stepped off the elevator upstairs i would ask him why did you do this? i had to know. i was having press conferences i needed to know. one day when he stepped off of the elevator said why don't you come to cabinet meetings then things.now why we do that is when i started going to cabinet meetings. what a lots of people do not kw is cabinet meets around the room
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he was in a wheelchair. he's not a cabinet member anyway. he was ahead of veteransai affairs. and i went every time i cut that the cabinet met. i thought it was necessary for me too know what was going on and why decisions were made and so forth. so that i can explain to people as i toured around. spit what rosalynn carter did you receive criticism for attending those meetings? and for being the president's emissary? >> i don't think i ever received criticism from the west wing. they knew how close we were and how interested i was. but there was all kinds of criticism. butea you know, i learned while jimmy was senate -- state senate that is the hardest because you know everybody who criticizes
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you. then he expected we need to get to be governor and jimmy was governor for four years when i went to the white house and it was coming but i did not like it but you have to accept the attitude. i think you almost have to appear in the public life, you have to note your husband does is what he thanks is the best possible thing for our country. what i am doing is what i think is the best possible thing for the country. jimmy was in the states and i get so upset. then horry about it. you have to accept that but also my feeling was that they reported things in a way we do not like it was because they didn't know it. they were ignorant about what was going on. at they know why you are doing it and so forth.
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and today there is no way to know it's happening it's talked about all day every day you get the affordable care back to you are so confused by the time we had a meeting. we had people here who really knew what was in the law. it was so good for us. we found regulations, esalen 2008. i'd been talking to her about it. she was a good friend. her father was governor when jimmy was governor and her mother is a good friend. i'm sure her hands were tied by the work white house. they'veon come here as soon as i
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heard i started shaking, this is 33 years after i wanted it. i was so excited. it was emotional. >> was it possible to have a private life in the white house? did the white house feel like home? quick to finallyly come to us almost immediately. we have all beenys campaigning r it all of our boys hadn campaigning.d i had been camng and we were together. we had to have our sons and amy there. we had meals together. we had to make a move if you're not going to be there for dinner you write a check off a little thing so we knew who was going to be there. almost every day when she came
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home from school i took violin classes as i said earlier jimmy knight would jog. it was raining we go to the boat. and amy is like that. we had a fairly good family life. i think it was so precious to us because we had been gone traveling for two years. >> is a white house affect a marriage? >> i think it could. i did not affect ours. we had been partners working together for so long.
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when first lady is notnt particular is strict interested in the same issue it would be very difficult. jimmy could talk to me about all of it. it happens more and more with first lady.ad from the early first slaves were very active. but there are others that were not. >> you look back at previous first lady, who did you admire? who did you emulate? what did you learn from? t what's the closest person i had the closest and only first lady i hadad knowledge of it was lady bird. jimmy was governor she came to georgia and help with the highwood beautification. i just knew her. the main thing she told me it was about to ask her something should they enjoy enjoy it's not going to last long. [laughter] 's or just enjoy it. she did help me a lot.
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everyone said i was like eleanor roosevelt who was quite wonderful. one person had w big impact on y life was margaret mead. i just said is going to work she came to georgia to see me. and we develop this really wonderful relationship. she woulde give me advice. went to canadaa for mental healh meeting. anyway, she was just the neatess emotional forld me. i would like to have met eleanor roosevelt.os >> host: rosalynn carter your husband in 2010 publishes white house diaries. did you keep a diary or journal during the white house years? >> that kept them at different times but did not do much at the beginning but then i started having a secretary put spaces between events and i had a desk in my bedroom and i left it
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there i would go to their home and had who was what was happening and who is going to bei started writing notes and i did that pretty regularly for a while. i have a really good diary about camp david except those notes all the time. from the first day progress of those public? >> no. [laughter] treatment iff and when will they be public? >> i just went through them and edited them. i might not want you to know icalled some of them. it was my personal thoughts along with what was happening. i did not sit in on any of the meetings but i was there the whole time.
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and as soon as we would come out of a meeting i was there. it was incredible. it was from a height of excitement that was going to happen to the depths of despair came home one day we did not know we are going too be there 3 days. until the last few days i had to go into town to do some events for jimmy and some for me. there were some that i had planned. we got back one day this was toward the end. jimmy and hamilton and jodi were in the swimming pool at camp david. and they thought it was. and it was a bad evening. and when jimmy left, when i left on sunday the day they came back jimm' said the day are not were just going to have to end it.
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and we had -- we opened the white house. we had pbs did our events for a while. and i can't remember why had to come in but i had to come in and introduce the artist. and i got a call about halfway through. about happened to the concert. jimmy told me and not even mrs. reagan they did not know for sure. that was interesting. anyway when they came in that night the helicopter landed, it was dark, dust or dark i'm not sure. they came in we are standing by the door of the blue room.
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they came in his late mom what you're going to a down history for this. [laughter] looks really thrilling. >> host: i do think we will see a trend to camp david accord diary book sometime? >> weht might. because actually going to be in washington open in a theater in washington on camp david. early next year i think pickard should be there for? >> i will be there for. >> host: another issue during yourt husband's presidency wantd to ask about ms. desha commits discardedthe iranian crisis. did you keep notes? what we are feeling throughout that whole crisis? how did that affect you as a person? >> iti b was awful. i look back now at memories.
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just waiting for a press conference and iran to say what happened that day because we had no idea what was going on. the only way we knew what was going on was when they would come out and announce it. thinking about it and thinking we met with the families all galong. and thinking about the people whose family members were there. what it was doing to jimmy's presidency. it was awful, it was awful. i would go out and campaign. i had found out earlier when a president goes out he is so surrounded. he speaks to them but he doesn't get close enough to people to have conversations normally like you would otherwise about what the hopes and dreams, what they thought about, what i was doing
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and jimmy and anything we could help them i have learned that early. during hisgo presidency. but i would go out and everybody would take tell the president to do something. tell him he is got to do something i would come home and i would say we why don't you do something? [laughter] nice at what you are we to do? to me too mind the harbors which is what a lot of people were talking about. and then have them bring out one prisoner every day and hang him in public? well maybe that was not the best thing to do. but i wanted and over. and of course he did too. everybody did. every night new tv program started when nobody got over it at all. nobody could get over it just to think about it because it was every day, every night. it wasul awful. i kept up with what i was doing.
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i never stopped doing the things i was doing. >> host: by the time for years got over how tired were you? >> you know, you lose the election in november. that's depressing. but then you are there until january the 20th you have november, december, january, i just wanted to go home. and then when i got home i don't know that i was tired. i guess i was tired but i just remember coming home, boxes to the ceiling we lived on the edge of the woods, we had been gone 10 years because the campaign to the woods had come up around our house. the minds and things we both had agreed to write books when it was overwhelming. i actually did not have time to
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really worry about it. too really mourn it. i think i mourned it before left the white house. ii used to walk her out and say there's might mental health legislation but i think i realize how important it is for a president a second term. by the jimmy carter would not have changed. he would not have changed anything. >> in your birth book first lady fromte planes a close by sayingi would be out on the campaign trail today if jimmy carter would run again. >> after your selection i would have been there. so what you have a grandson his announce for governor of georgia are you g going to be out on the campaign trail? >> i will do whatever he asks me too do. he is a a great young man.
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he graduated from duke university, the peace corps camt home went to law school. within a law firm there and has two terms is a state senator. she went rosalynn carter you've had 33 years post president to y the longest in history. you and president carter been very active. what you think your legacy as first lady? would you like it to be? >> i hope this continued more than just first lady. as for an integral part of our lives. lyme disease and buildingi hope. with mental health issues. i'd improved a little bit i have had great opportunities for so
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long there. and to go through and we have programs in seven different countries. we go to africa two or three times ago year. to go to the villages and now things are going to fruition for perwe've almost eradicated guina worm. to go to a village where there is no longer guinea worm is a celebration. one of the good thing about the carter's is we don't give money to the government. we send a people in to teach, to help people in that country how to do something. we work with the people in the villages. we work with the health department. they do the work of her to go to a village and explained to him about guinea were he got the
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chief to approve that's what you have to do. when they see it or help hear about it from another country they are so happy you are there. was gone from a village are almost gone and the hope it gives to them most the time it's the most they've ever seen it is just so wonderful just to see the hope on their faces. something good is happening. i did not mean to get emotional. >> rosalynn carter we here in atlanta at the carter center for this interview. how much time do you spend in atlanta? >> we scheduled one week a month a year ahead of time to be a bridge most tell me come back more than that like my mental health conference we heard two days. last week and this is might we care. we have to come back more than that. but we schedule that we can
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scrape schedule our travels around it. and we travel. this year i will be introducing how much we are gone. maybe not half, but most of the time is not half the time most the time but it's getting pretty close. i could go to africa something soca wonderful happens. let me tell you one funny story. but global 2000 and artwork in africa we found out at the head of state get credit for what they do. some it gets rid of guinea worm has that wheat crop is grown by
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three times as much is going too. they get so excited the head of state my agriculture program. the word gets around. there was a farmer who had been named farmer of the year. we went to this village. anyway it we are in a village they pulled a plushnd chair and put some blue tarp over it. the whole village came. there was a little girl about halfway through it jim it was saying held up the sign that said go away guinea worm jimmy carter is coming. [laughter] so word gets around we get to that village of other countries
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the word is already around just works magicom sometimes. and gives hope to people who have never had any hope of their lives ever being better. parks finally rosalynn carter what is your advice to future first ladies or first husbands? was the first place i would say enjoy it which is what lady bird told me. i have learned you can do anything you want to print they used to ask me about of the first lady ought to be paid. to be paid i have to do it first lady is supposed to do. but you can do anything you want too. it is such a great soapbox. it's such a great opportunity.
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i would advise any first lady to do what she wanted to do. and another thing i learned you and be criticized no matter what you do. the white house, poured tea, how perceptions and i would have been criticized as much as i was criticized outside for what i did. and i got a lot of criticism. but you learn to live as if. he respected and live with it and never let it influence you. but i would tell them to enjoy it and what you want to do. and in the process i know the first lady will open she wants toen do because women have chand and what women do now is a change of what they did when i grew up. i could be a secretary, a schoolteacher, a librarian, a few things. but now women are more active.
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this dude you want to do and don't worry about criticism. >> thank you. ♪ weekends on cspan2 are an intellectual feast. i reset it american history tv documents america's story and on sunday book tv bring you the latest in nonfiction books and authors. funding for cspan2 consummate telogen companies including media column. folks we believe whether you live here, or right here come our way out in the middle of anywhere should have access. that's all we are leading the way. media column along with these television companies support cspan2 as a public service.
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american history tv saturdays on cspan2 the people and events that tell the american story at 6:00 p.m. eastern librarian of congress carla hayden post the conversation executive order 9981 prohibiting discrimination in the u.s. military also president biden talks a former president executive order accomplish front for minorities doctor determined civil symposium. at 9:30 p.m. on the presidency historian h.w. brandt looks at the jural fort the context of the 1970s. he served as house minority leader vice president and then then-president beard exploring the american story watch american history tv saturday on cspan2. and find a full schedule on your program guide
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