the free mobile video app or online at c-span.org. ♪ this year book tv marks 25 years of shining a spotlight on leading nonfiction authors and their books. author talks, interviews, and festivals. book tv has provided viewers with a front row seat to the latest literary discussions on history, politics and so much more. you can watch book tv every sunday on cspan2 or online apple tv.org. book tv, 25 years of television for serious readers. >> good morning. thank you for getting up everybody and coming to hear me. i really appreciate it. i'm just making sure my sound is good. i'm here under book i wrote

called silent spring revolution. the origins of that book began really when i was a boy. because my mother and father were teachers. the one perk of being as a teacher you get extra summertime. we used our extra summertime as a family. we went all over the united statesr visiting our national parks and seashores. i got to go to yellowstone and yosemite, the olympics, the everglades. we had a pontiac station wagon and a trailer. i grew up in northwest ohio in the midwest. we would then just go see the country. i had asthma as a boy. and it was horrible. wherever i went i was so reinforced by picking up brochures like we used to do in those days and honored i would see the place wasn't saved by theodore roosevelt.

who also had asthma as a boy and would suffer mightily. so i dented by with tr and i realize he ended up as i did more work, 234 million acres, 234 million acres of wild america he created today's u.s. forest service. all these western national forest theodore roosevelt he took and created 51 federal bird with executive. they showed birds are being slaughtered in florida because there was a feathers were put ft any went to coming to hear me too speak between let's just say circa 1900 would have come this morning if you were a would have or not you would've come here a public lecture wearing a bonnet with an ornamental feather in it. there is a feather mafia in florida and the gun all the birds done with the rookeries and they pluck the feathers they

would also steal the eggs. all of these species were dying. nothing screams of federal intervention more than certain environmental things. what good does it do for the audubon society of massachusetts is that we are saving bird species progressive politics and audubon society in massachusetts just for the migratory birds to be shot willy-nilly in slaughtered in florida. the same with eric does not do any good with air quality to say we are ohio and we have a stringent air quality. where i grew up in toledo the factories of detroit or blowing wereblowing and dirt over the oo border. there has to be federal air quality.ty not a river that goes to places and sewage treatment. none of thehe stuff came to untl the book i wrote. the point as i wrote a book called the wilderness warrior theodore roosevelt and the crusade for america, all about

that generation. i called the first wave of environmentalism with conservation. there are differences but for our brief purposes today, let's use the word environment. first reform wave 1909 the progressive era theodore roosevelt who said conservation and environmental is the them is thenumber one concern or country. even above his great white fleet being built in the navy. i wrote that book. when i did it i said there's one other thing, franklin d roosevelt did it too. i know you guys have all heard talks about theodore roosevelt going to try one thing to know about him. theodore roosevelt went to harvard fdr went to harvard. theodore roosevelt was a state legislature in new york, fdr was fdr wasstate legislator in new . you don't roosevelt was governor of new york fdr was governor of new york.

theodore roosevelt big navy that was his obsession. fdr had a big obsession with it. theodore roosevelt said conservation is the most important thing the first new deal with the civilian conservation corps were unemployed americans got paid a dollar a day. compared to 3 billion trees. across america because we had drained all of our wetlands. all of our forests. we had taken and created a dustbowl ecological disaster come off of the great plains left. i should also add theodore roosevelt had a nice eleanor roosevelt and fdr married her. they are tight. when you deal with environmental conservation, those two presidents were giants and i wrote two books on them paid the book i'm here is about the third

wave. incidentally fdr create 800 state parks. 800. i could get into saving big ben national park on d date which he did what he had all the due date maps of big ben work visitor stations are going to be did not gain for the environment conservation but the third wave not have a figure like that. wherever he filled out an application of a tree farmer. he sold christmas trees out of his home. he was born along the hudson river i spent as a life along the hudson was buried on the e hudson was the leader of whate call today the scenic hudson river movement to protect that beautiful incredible waterway. i had a problem where to begin, who to focus on in this book.

i ideally begin 1960 john f. kennedy was running for president at the new frontier. if you y look at the democratic plank that your environment envs tucked in there pretty heavily, pretty firmly because there is a feeling a correct feeling truman and eisenhower did not do enough on the national resources or parks environment. it was a boom, boom, boom postwar industrialization. build it, build it, build it and out candidate was going to be a time out. the great california photographer brought out his book called this is the american. rachel carson i'm going to mention in a minute was riding with a member of the new itfrontier of john f. kennedy. writing environmental planks for the democratic party. and hosted by ethel kennedy, bobby kennedy's wife. bite jackie kennedy hosting her.

i knew where i was ending the book the third wave ended in 1973. not even a question. it ended in 1973 with the triumph of the engaged species act. passing the senate 92 nothing. so you hear about this being a liberal it was american. that same moment almost to the week of the endangered species was a big closing legislation of 73. we had the air oil embargo. opec. fear of gasoline prices energy independence. when a counter revolution that developed stopped racial carson -ism, ralph nader, environmentalism that it gone too far for it gone so far the right said nixon had become a new dealer.

and i will mention why they thought that. out of that counter swing the enterprise institute the heritage k foundation, any federalist society they all are coming to save money. they don't like the federal government regulating them. it's an anti- federal regulation movement that emerges after the environmental movement starts petering out 73. now, instead of candy began my book in 1945, i did not want too. i had people complain to meet they see how fat my book is. i know i could but got it and succeed and gotten away with it. i would have been disingenuous. i would been doing that to be a books. the real history began the days of world war ii once hiroshima gets dropped we talk about is

victory over japan the war has ended we celebrate i would been the street celebrating it. i never criticize truman for his decision to drop the atomic bomb personally. but i also never criticized a lot of people right in my book that said whoa, what does this mean to the planet? the great doctor albert schweitzer what a noble prize and man is just written his doom. this nuclear starts going around the world, and then hershey of the new york and other journalists are showing what radiation did to the people in japan, skin melting. horror shows of what happens with an atomic bomb. it became an anti- nuclear movement. but the end tight nuclear movement got find tomb to be an tight nuclear testing.

one level policy people american atomic energy commission deciding how we stop other countries is all great. there's a group of grassroots american citizens that became the first wave of the environmental movement that said stop blowing nuclear weapons up in nevada. 1945 to 1992 the united states detonated 1054 nuclear test. nevada, boom, boom, boom. do you think people in nevada cared i'm getting radiation? no get your atomic shaker on las vegas you could see it snowing radio fall out. people are doing atomic cocktails. do the nuclear boogie-woogie. we were proud we were at monopoly from 1945 until 1959 the onlyou country in the world with nuclear weapons. we are it, usa.

and that it is back and forth with the arms race. meanwhile we are testing, russia's testing and the planet suffers from it. out of the end tight nuclear group comes a very funny coalition. the biggest leader is william douglas we write about who became fdr supreme court justice 1937. douglas had rushed to say no nagasaki after he saw hiroshima. justice would go and climb the himalayas become a buddhist. collectingng buddhism in all seasons hero dude who else was against after the first was dropped on catholic moral reasons joseph kennedy gets a lot of bad press for being a business guy he went to get the pope involved and bishops involved make sure there's not a

second bob bomb dropped. but another one john f. kennedy red war is over but he immediately took to a writer, head of the saturdaysa review. norman cousins wrote the first book big major essay called is man obsolete due to nuclear weapons? who is a pretty mild. nevertheless heet was saying its not something which should be said but it is a big problem. kennedy loved it. jacket kennedy when you study it like i have closely his career in the navy it's beyond legitimate hero was much more catch-22. kurt get slaughterhouse kind of guy. he sought an absurdity of war pretty saw an absurdity of how a chain of command things could go. he was skeptical of the whole nuclear age. another person opposed to the

atomic bomb was rachel carson. or about nuclear testing. rachel carson was from pennsylvania. a girl growing up on the banks of the allegheny river paid the allegheny river with the glue factory's all around every dirty air, dirty rivers it's a beautiful river in western pennsylvania she would go and collect pinecones write about nature and here books. she put her first essay to get published in saint nicholas magazine. a magazine for kids. she talks about the natural world, the atmosphere. the teacher started recognizing iniziz her you have a gift for science and nature. and a literature. so she goes to a school called chatham for women in the pittsburgh area. decide soon to be ocean apologists. ford ocean science person and has never seen an ocean. even as you graduate from college. she got a scholarship to woods

hole massachusetts which is in walking distance from john f. kennedy's home. if you have not heard about it, was the place if you wanted to study marine life. today in la joya you have the university of california san diego or i live in texas. we have university of texas has a marine center, the gulf of mexico, university of miami's booming and marine science. woods hole is for the intellectuals went. the advanced institute in princeton were brainiacs go to study. you would go there and study the natural sea world. she started setting that the migratory patterns of eels. a lot of people do birds there is no woman in the field of eels. they do have a remarkable journey from africa all the way to the interior rivers of pennsylvania. she started writing columns for the baltimore sun.

she did in advanced degree in zoology at jon hopkins. hired in world war ii to write marine radio scripts that are populations, fish stocks and some pieces about the urchins or ocean observations for radio npr kind of thing before npr was born. she adores the new deal by 1946 she's writing a series called conservation and action. fifty-one first federal bird reservations theater roosevelt read our today's u.s. fish and wildlife. you guys. you all here: 550 national wildlife refugees. they are all around you here. love them. this is government at its best is protecting species, protecting oasis. sometimes we don't realize this is a great gift we got.

she was writing the booklets for them. to tell if you want to go visit sunnys bono tight what birds you would see. what is going on in the echo system, great stuff. she got to close about world war ii being in government that worried her. one was a nuclear issue. the second, ddt.he the other big advancement to another thing that won the war is the bomb. if you were young john f. kennedy or richard nixon or lyndon johnson, anyone on the pacific and europe it made a big difference in the pacific you would've been doused with ddt. ray hosed. i would add to you would have to kill lice, kills mosquitoes. it kills tics. it is a miracle. we take future environmentalists whos was a genius for world war

ii for a country invented the device that would spray ddt appropriately and administered over vast islands in the pacific so our troops would not be attacked with malaria. the problem is rachel carson being in government working on u.s. and maryland where we have a national new guys national wildlife research center were we test chemicals on waterways and eric to see how it affects the wildlife. meaning how it might affect us soon. she knew ddt was toxic to fish and birds. she had read reams of data, documents a pile. she decided she's going to kinda be a whistleblower. one had to go public with reader's digest and they rejected her. they said no way, why? it was big business. it was but by the is department of agriculture, every farm united states is being sprayed with pesticides. it was considered a miracle.

it was as big a powerful lobby the chemical industries oil and gas lobby today. it was s huge. she instead wrote 3c books. if none of you have read receipt trilogy three books about the sea my first being the seat roundup i love all three you can get them and a convenient library of america book one volume i highly recommendy it. nobody writes about ocean conservation, the world of the ocean with the grace notes that ofrachel carson as a literary person. in my mind as henry david thoreau and rachel carson. when you're really getting into how to write about a natural area her writing is much more -- make its two levels advance the national geographical. it's really special. one for big fans or the kennedy family. they left her books. do you know john f. kennedy's mother grew up in concord,

massachusetts man, picnicking in walden pond everyday question at the kennedy kids did not learn to swim in the ocean where they learn to swim in walden pond did you release john f. kennedy's mother made a mission to russia to investigate whether they collected works were in the libraries in russia? do you realize her favorite book and essay was a book called cape cod? all about the outer cape the outer caper son, john f. kennedy would sign as the cape cod national seashore in 1961. and when i sit national seashores when kennedy became president we had one. cape hatteras. hardwoods on coastal areas. if i were present or jimmy carter were present a lot of people say save this many acres of alaska. it is mountain rock.

i'm not criticizing that i'm simply saying for the politics of it. they know who's a politics. kennedy got through seashore real estate for public parks like cape cod. like padre island, texas. point race, california. if you go there now there's all john f. kennedy seashores. because kennedy had read rachel carson rose is a fanatic. the book was under some book called cape cod. that book to help create cape cod national seashore that many decades after his death. and in the mid- 50s the government came up with the report are vanishing shorelines in that report said public beaches disappearing everyone is building condos. the word apartments, hotels, dredging we are going too haveo

open public seashore lands for the public toth enjoy. that movement can be seized on is one big conservation thing. so you got the seashore conservation going. in the 50s, early 60s you've got anti- bombop testing and people are getting sick. and ddt. out of the ddt group a big thing happened a woman named marjorie spock. how many of you here have ever heard of doctor benjamin spock? [laughter] the baby doctor. turn antiwar protester. the baby doctor sister marjorie was an organic farmer. she had a vast part of new york as an organic farm. ahead is assigned to the other's whole foods on every corner of any place you go. she wanted to market to or in the organic she got all these chemicals are putting in her food was not good.

they were blankets spring cdc over her property. and so she claimed my right as an organic farmer has just been taken away fromn you' a constitutional right leave me alone it might land i want to grow organic produce. if any of you went to law school or have a grandkid in law school, it's a great idea. what do i own up above me? how many feet to i have to go when i am not in control? it is interesting. i don't think it's made its way to the supreme court should have. the supreme court voted marjorie spock down, she lost. but william douglas grabbed onto it and wrote a dissent publish and reader's digest that's the birth of environmental law. he triggers the environmental movement with his dissent.

not only hiked the himalayas and wrote a book but bill douglas was writing books called my wilderness but he wrote two books called my wilderness who would trample on the country. and in washington d.c. you go to the canal you might meet the busts. but douglas hiked 186 miles. tim they were going to build a road there. he said it is a scenic cultural and history resource. pate marched 186 miles because the "washington post" said to build a highway. the post said come with me pretty if you hike with me you still want to build the highway grapes. but if you let me show you what you will destroy into the post editors credits they went with him they did not do the whole 186 miles. but they at least want the

justice and they said we've got to come up with something different here we do not want to destroy this. he won. he went his fight the post to back down today it's part of the national park service. it got saved. that is all douglas needed he became environmental activists. i chuckle what a turn on the tv and heard about clarence thomas or conflicts of interest. douglas was a walking conflict of interest. his office and the supreme court was the clearing house for anything environmental in the country before there was an epa. the epa is not created in 1970 there is nowhere to go. if you had an environmental problem out here in palm springs you're not getting action in sacramento, you might send a postcard to douglas. and he woul' respond. he would say give me every document. every information you can. people with these green grass

groups are setting reams of their data about what is going on and local places. douglas would farm it out to the serrai club or howard sennheisr at the wilderness k society and douglas cap hiking and hiking. he hiked in kentucky to stop a dam and he won. he hiked with bobby and ethel kennedy along the olympic peninsula of washington state and one. no road. he went to a buffalo river and arkansas beautiful river where the protest was so big people putting barbed wire across the river so canoes or kayakers would get entangled. there were shootings going on. there is bill douglas condemning down the buffalo. i did not say he's a great supreme court justice okay. [laughter] this is what his life was about. he did not like lawyers or law clerks. he was he is complicated but not environmentalist. in a deep way.

and he won. he should get guts, get out there, protest. and we can win partly won the buffalo richard nixon save the buffalo river from being damned. i could go on with douglas' stunts that al' work. he does not have failure on these things for he brings so much media attention to it. he backs rachel carson who now after spock loses sense rachel carson come here i' all of the legal information. douglas sends her every dirty document he can find on ddt chemical industries. douglas writes a friend in writing i am going to bend the lawhe against the corporation in favor of the environment. bend the law against the corporation. [laughter] [applause] that is guts.

he is in that zone you think doctor king is the oil and protesting? doctor king settled on ddt on that nuclear test martin luther king jr. said over and over again what good does it do to integrate the greenville lunch counter greensboro at lunch counter in north carolina what good does it do to integrate a lunch counter if the milk or drinking has and at the fallout was going across to america. the hard rain varied commoners washington university was lecollecting so exposed to radiation who weren't. perhaps all the legal stuff and she's got all of the whistleblowers u.s. fish and wildlife research lab giving all of their anti- ddt info. she sits down and writes in the late 50s a book that comes out in 1962. it's a one book revolution with douglas spurring it on.

because in that book rachel carson had cancer, breast cancer while she was writing it. she lost all of her hair for going through radiation treatments, no she was going to be dead soon was working against the clock to get her writing done. when it gets done generally 16, douglas says i'll get the kennedys on board. built douglas was really close the kennedy family cannot tell you how close. he tooky, bobby candidate the attorney general as a boy hawk hiking all in siberia to see siberia they hiked all over siberia bobby kennedy, robert f kennedy not to think of today. robert f kennedy and douglas went to siberia and ethel kennedy told me bobby got high fever really high like 104 in the middle of the outthink of siberia, sweating, sick. they could not find penicillin or any kind of medicine to help them. and douglas being a man of

darwin put on his backpack set your sick bobby this is where part company. and it left the bobby to his own fate.. she would not talk to bill douglas for about five years she was so pissed that he left her husband in that state. bobby kennedy loved it he came back bill left me kind of a macho thing. but he never held it against him but she did. the point is douglas told rager you're going to be under attack but we've got your back printer articles get published in the new yorker in june of 62. the chemical industry is not just worried about getting rid of the teeth ddt. they are seeing this as a trick to do hyper- federal regulation on any chemical. what are you dumping in rivers? whereis should chemical waste going this is the big takedown's they got to take carson down the call every name in the book.

sexual smears because he was never married the spinster i iwant even say they are so ugly. and kennedy, to his credit at the podium was asked by the press he said we are going to get to the result of her book. we are going to find out and going to put a panel together. he put the top group panel and it types boom is carson right or is the chemical company right? carson was right. the ddt wars, it was on for 10 years the big chemicals saying we can't't lose this battle. rachel carson dies and 64. kennedy is dead and 63. the ddt battle does not end until 1972. and do you know who is the one who finally abolished as using ddt in the u.s.? richard nixon. he didn't want to his first epa

stood up really strong and told nixon you point to be the head of epa. i have looked at all the stuff we can't use it anymore. nixon's head and going to use it he was livid about it to be honest. to be fair he did it. he's angry i'm going t' lose politically the cost was his sight but he did it. andd after that the revolution kicks it in a big plea for kennedy pics as secretary of interior our finest ever duringi the years we get things like national park created in utah. big a battle for the north cascades in washington state national park. california was ground zero in my book on a lot of the stuff it for example the battle of bodega bay. i don't how you would care or think about nuclear power because it depends on my mood

sometimes. and i understand the complications of all of that with anything nuclear. i will toilet shot it down really was the pacific electric company the california electric company wanted to build the world's biggest atomic campus. at bodega bay california. on the san andreas fault. [laughter] bonehead. they could have found so many other sites they decided to build it right on the ocean along where they would hit the fault line. and the public went nuts the serra club went nuts. everybody says no. again it's the victories of the third. wave. they are waiting for their winning battles they might have a setback on the supreme court but they may win. they are tenacious is coming from all walks of life. before joe with kennedy, let me

tell you kennedy did one of the ecological events in world history. the nuclear test banditry june how w we stop testing weapons in nevada because first off kennedy said norman cousins this fringe a writer who wrote went kennedy was in military uniform that nuclear weapons are a problem. he was a secret between cia, state, defensive back, norman to meet the pope as a fig leaf of where he's headed in the goat meat cruise draft. it is a third party diplomacy of extraordinary kind. cousins arms brokering a deal for nuclear test after the cuban missile crisis. candy serves a great speech at american university but the summer of 63 signed a deal with russia and britain no more atmospheric or underwater

testing. russia cannot blood nuclear weapons and testus them. because of kennedy's treaty. it did allow underground testing. that is another story. the point is kennedy did something in a foreign policyme coldwell and ted sorensen a speechwriter said it's the can kennedy sought as his greatest achievement.on not going to the moon, he thoughtng kennedy stopping the testing of nuclear weapons was his greatest achievement. now lyndon johnson comes in if you want to call them the alt new deal or the bill douglas radicals or whatever you want to call them the environmentalist is often usedy. today. they were worried about lyndon johnson because lyndon had fought against the big seashore battle in texas of the padre island. linda johnson wanted to develop with condos and hotels. suspicious of lyndon.

on the other hand he loved fdr. he loved theodore roosevelt and he is married to lady bird. from 63 to the end of his presidency was a first rate conservation president. the problem with johnson he thought of conservation as america. saving america the beautiful. lyndon johnson signs for the wild scenic river act stopping beautiful rivers from being dan too. today we all owe these incredible scenic rivers. if you go to appalachian trail system the pacific crest trail out here, lyndon johnson. he did the wilderness act. the wilderness act if you look at a map big parts of wilderness a million acres were no roads are allowed to be built. it was born in 1935. our first wilderness unit is kings canyon district parts of kings canyon national park here in california.

that is nikki's duty and adams britain got to fdr. eleanora used to say to environmental people, if you show franklin a beautiful landscape he will say save it. she was so right.he these guys brought these beautiful pictures and they had a million acres without roads at the primitive wilderness in the wesierras. the great lines arer at the art looked at the pictures said he loved that this is early adams fdr saw a young genius and sky with the camera. he said the thing is guys i will never be able to see it too. meaning i am in a wheelchair but i blocked it off no roads, no visitor centers, how will i see these beautiful sites are showing me? what do you say to that? they said oh well and then he signed it. that started the wilderness movement. and by 64 lyndon johnson signs the wilderness acts puts

20 million acres for it no roads roads bring logging, roads bring electricity roads bring incursions from civilization. you can never get man out of nature, guys for the something in the water that we did. there's something flying overhead. it is kind of frontier idealism wilderness but we do it. you got johnson, lady bird. you all must know wildflowers, beautiful she came out here for the road of big serve ceremony to scenic roads without billboards along pacific coast highway. shoot with down the rio grande river and big ben. she went white water rafting in the snake river in idaho. on and on. she is our conservation beautification but she want to call environmentalism she said the lyndon boys would not let me. they wanted the word beautification she said i hated it sounds like a mortician or something putting on lipstick on

a corpse or something but she did not like it but she got stuck with the term beautification because environmental was starting to be seen as a buzzword. they did good work it's an unfortunate vietnam war has clouded. we have celebrated linden on civil rights and npr. he was a very good conservation president xi was an amazing first lady. nixon, how does nixon fit in? coretta 1968. got to know about the environment a little bit.ha no matter what you think out herere it is everywhere but peoe are arguingt it. do you realize nixon getting asked environmental questions he cannot answer. nixon was a land water lawyer from seattle.

nixon went up there up there and went boating with him once came back and said he's really smart he's making money not in my backyard rich people are not running an aluminum factory next them they hired the firm and they would win. and so he became the de facto environmentalist for nixon. they call him a covid green on other issues he was in with the environmental environments. think it's eight days. the santa barbara oil spill happens. now television turn to the nightly news and 67 cronkite and all. this is january 69. nixon is not even in his office i hold tv showing birds the organization in santa barbara get the oil out. bert trapped in oil, paradise in

santa barbara is spoiled. wealthy republican donors lived along the coast of california writing nixon letters, do something. nixon had an interior secretary who told him the exact right thing. he said don't minimize it. don't tell people how bad it is. do not minimize. because it is bad. just say it is bad we will blame johnson a. [laughter] until it nixon did he came on and did it. he's not sure how environmentalism. when he is ready to celebrate neil armstrong on the moon, nixon talking with the astronauts time magazines putting river on fire in ohio. that means you take a match and it goes proof.

this starts talking about there's no epa. you've got no clean water act ayet. and so that is going on. nelson the senator from wisconsin we conceptualized the birthday and nelson comes up with the idea of a teach in for earth day. i have read all these books. after i read earth day books the first one the wholey country le officess everywhere. how does somebody and november have no offices and then april have offices everywhere for earth day? follow the money. where did the money come from? you won't believe art comes from. not some of. it not a hunk, a grant, it's not bill douglas.

it comes from the united automobile workers. funds earth day because big labor big environment work in tandem because he dies it days after in a weird plane crash with his wife in may. he said blue-collar workers we cannot go to yosemite and with the local detroit, michigan, ohio, indiana where our workers are what clean lakes, fishing, hunting, beaches. local. we want to clean. he's a real environmentalist. you're starting to see what time trapped end? i'm a college lecture guys got to forgive me, two minutes. the key here then becomes with earth day the earth day is really growing. paying forng everything. i don't want to be the butt nixon was paranoid to not be the

polluter. he does something really smart. he makes a deal with erlichman. he says you are a grainy. i will sign what you guys produce democrats. it is got scoop jackson office does it. has anything to do with it i am off. this is the triumph of the seattle people. the teams get together they cobbled together national environmental policy act. if you don't know you are t limited. the slower rate would not have been built without it. generate first 1978 san clemente california at the western white house before the football gameba comes on. shocking that following him. the signs which makes environmental impactt statements for construction mandatory real estate commercial development.

what is that due guys? it guarantees environmental law to be a boom industry. to work in a serra club. electives getting higher the environmentalist you make environmental impact statements. it creates environmental law which will lead us tole where we the fourth wave is coming with climate change. nixon decides to split the difference. naked a day off to teach people about earth. he plants a tree on the whiteus house with pat nixon. as the fbi did deep surveillance on the earth day headquarters and the protesters. nixon said there pinko commie's i am worried this is a ruthless

socialist plot it's aimed to make me s look bad. one of the funnier memos when historians read other peoples ps mail for a living out here in california former republican moderate environmental congressman. they are good friends. hehe says pete, you will not believe what the fbi has come up with.. there is nothing enough arias. girls not wearing bras. this old is smooching going on under trees per there were some dogs running, frisbees. it is the most benign surveillance report they've ever seen. they are dying pretty tells i've got to go tell the boss this. after he survives earth day the

state of the union. summer of seven he creates environmental protection agency out of the white house with the help of scoop jackson on the democratic side. they get together, get the language they streamline at all in open stores december 70, becomes the head of the epa. he is a bad cop. his house knew most honest public service i encountered i got to know him well he did his oral history from the university of washington. brown versus topeka? it was not just about legislation but separate but equal is no good now. got to integrate the schools. e it's about making the people comply. you go to little rock and 57 you

complying are you complying? rocco's house is chemical industries we are busting you'v. the feds are bustingin you were ornot following epa standards. or the clean air act which nixon signs in 1970. soon to beat the cold water act of 1972. and so by the time nixon leaves as the end of a revolution that's bipartisan in spirit that has republicans, got to create the wildlife fund. republican side. republican congressman had frank church and environmental environmental senatorssupreme c. it had anti- people like karen at scott king doctor king, bobby

kennedy was a poster board for wild and scenic rivers with the kennedy family to save our rivers. dams were once popular became unpopular big showdown was the grand canyon and the serra club would take out a four page ad and the "new york times" that said would you flood the sistine chapel? that was another environmental victory. we are waiting for the fourth wave right now it has to be global parts would start by generation z. the baby boomers do not need to feel bad by infusing our curriculum with terms like earth science, earth day bead study environment, endangered species. we feel like we aren't losing wt we have educated the planet that we need planetary conservation action. i thought when al gore it might be going on about seven republican senators. we are not there yet. there will be a new went in california may be the leader of

the fourth wave because of the rules on getting fossil fuels with no selling of fossil fuel cars by 2035. thank you. ♪ >> weekends on cspan2 are an intellectual feast. every saturday america history tv documents america's story. and on sunday @booktv brings y the latest nonfiction books and authors. funding for cspan2 comes in these television companies and more. including comcast. >> are you thinking this is just a community center? it is way more than that. comcast is part of 1000 committee centers to create comcast love these support cspan2 as a public service. ♪ book tv, every sunday on

cspan2 features leading authors discussing their latest nonfiction books. at 7:30 p.m. eastern from freedom best former aclu president and new york law school professor shares her book hate where she argues we should combat hate speech with free speech instead of censorship. then at 8:45 p.m.nvestigative journalist the rise of extremist groups in the u.s. and their impact on democracy with his book the age of insurrection. watch book tv every sunday on cspan2. find a full schedule on your program guide or watch online anytime at booktv.org. ♪ this fall watch c-span's new series of books that shaped america. we embarked on a captivating

journey with the library of congress which first created books that shaped america list to explore key works of literature from american history. featured on the series provoke thought one awards, led to significant and are still talked about today. hear from featured renown experts on the profound impact of these iconic works. significant journeys intricately tied to the celebrate authors and their unforgettable books among our featured books common sense by thomas paine but huckleberry finn their eyes were watching god and free to choose but milton and rose freedman. watch our 10 part series books that shaped america. cspan2.org. [background