there are some balances we need to put on these programs but here's what i know that arizona. if it's causing the state to go broke, and why is a program that is run at the department of education actually flush with cash? the department of education basically said they've managed this program and they said they have a surplus in their budget. if the program is managed by the department of education and the money comes out of the department of education and they have a surplus, it's shocking to me to find out how the state is having its budget broke from what i want you to finish your point but i will read the line related to that in the article. it says esa costs have ballooned from the original estimated price tag of $100 million over two years to more than $400 billion a year, a figure -- >> the senate has been a recess but is now gaveling back into session. we take you there live here on c-span2. the

district of columbia, to be district judge. the presiding officer: the question is on the nomination. is there a sufficient second? there appears to be. the clerk will call the roll. the clerk: ms. baldwin. mr. barrasso. mr. bennet. mrs. blackburn. mr. blumenthal. mr. booker. mr. boozman. mr. braun. mrs. britt. mr. brown. mr. budd. ms. butler. ms. cantwell. mrs. capito. mr. cardin. mr. carper. mr. casey. mr. cassidy. ms. collins. mr. coons. mr. cornyn. ms. cortez masto. mr. cotton. mr. cramer. mr. crapo. mr. cruz. mr. daines. ms. duckworth. mr. durbin. ms. ernst. mr. fetterman.

mrs. fischer. mrs. gillibrand. mr. graham. mr. grassley. mr. hagerty. ms. hassan. mr. hawley. mr. heinrich. mr. helmy. mr. hickenlooper. ms. hirono. mr. hoeven. mrs. hyde-smith. mr. johnson. mr. kaine. mr. kelly. mr. kennedy. mr. king. ms. klobuchar. mr. lankford. mr. lee. mr. lujan.

the possible use of emergency powers by thee president elect.

bicycling team program serves as their senior director. thanks for giving us your time today. >> guest: thanksll had me. >> host: when you the true emergency power a lot of things can emerge. what's the best with understanding what that is to a president? >> guest: that's a great question. emergency powers take different forms in different countries. most countries have provisions in the constitution for emergency regimes where all summer, not all but some of the rights can set aside by the president or the head of the state, prime minister. it's different in this country. we are an outlier. there are no emergency powers granted directly to the president in the constitution. the powers that. look like emergency powers are granted to congress. presidents for the most part rely on congress to provide them with the powers they need to deal with military or economic crises. congress has the net to a number

of the repo laws several of which can come into play in trump's plans to conduct mass deportation. >> host: would be asked by congress to limit the powers of the present or at least limit the scope or how expansive are these powers as a stand currently? >> guest: they can be quite expensive. the power of the trump has referred to explicitly include the power to declare a national emergency, the insurrection act and alien enemies act are each of them is different but to give you a sense, the national emergencies act authorizes the e president yoon kora , natiol emergency. there's no definition of emergency that the president signed an executive order, proclamation to state this emergency. at that point that declaration frees up, unlocks, enhanced powers that are included in more than 150 different provisions of

law the spent almost every imaginable area of governance. whether it's military or economic or agriculture or health, and give you a sense what one of those laws allows the president to take over or shut down communication facilities in this country. we are talking about some very, very potent powers with very few, unfortunately, checks against abuse. >> host: a national emergencies act that you referenced 1976 when it was passed standardize the process of declaring a national emergency. the president can declare that emergency by executive order but the third part talks about congress and their ability to terminate that power. how does that work? >> guest: it works differently now than it did when the law was passed. it included a provision that allowed congress to terminate a national emergency declaration

using what was called a legislative veto and that's a simple majority vote of both houses in the president to status have decided to go into effect. in 1983 the supreme court held legislative vetoes are unconstitutional. today if congress wants to end an emergency declaration it basically has to muster a veto proof supermajority in both houses of congress. they have to pass a law overriding the president likely veto and that as you know is nearly impossible in today's polarized political environment. >> host: could you offer some examples on how previous president had used specifically national emergency powers or using these emergency powers? >> guest: sure. very obvious example would be after 9/11 and i've emergency was declared at the time and it was used to call up reservists and to bolster military strength which is one way emergency powers can be used.

it was also used to impose sanctions on foreign terrorist groups. that's a classic example of an actual emergency in which emergency powers were a properly used. what's concerning to me is that every president since 9/11 has renewed that particular emergency declaration. we are still in a state emergency over 9/11 even though osama bin laden is dead, even though al-qaeda has been decimated and it is being used to sort of prop up military strength, bypassing the usual means by which congress allocates the resources to the military. >> host: viewers, if you want to learn more about these emergency powers on the president and ask our guests about that, 202-748-8000 democrats. 202-748-8001 for republicans and independents 202-748-8002. you can always textus at 202-748-8003.

you referenced it but the president elect saying he's interested in using these powers take the money comes in mass deportation to remind that he was with the president has implied using his powers for and can he do it? >> guest: in terms of declaring a national emergency he has said he will do that. he hasn't said how he would use that declaration. he hasn't specified the particular powers he would then evoke out of the 150 available but we can look what he did in the first administration. he declared a national emergency at the southern border and invoke a power that allows the president to engage in military construction projects, essentially diverting funds from other military projects. so it provides resources military construction and he relied on that to try to secure funds to build the border war. several courts held that that was a misuse of that provision by the time it got to the supreme court that been a change in administration as a whole thing was moot.

we don't know officially whether that was legal or not or lease with the supreme court would have helped. really trump is more likely to be relying on the insurrection act which is a different set of emergency powers, and that allows the president, well, against gives the president tremendous discretion to deploy the military, to deploy federal armed forces inside the united states to quell civil unrest or two execute the law. this is an exception to the general rule that federal armed forces cannot participate in civilian law enforcement activities. but the act allows for statutory expressions and that was insurrection act is. the conversation of whether or not this dilemma would be legal or illegal under the insurrection act as a pretty long conversation. despite the great discretion,

the very broad discretion that the president has under the outcome even the broadest discretion can be abused and i think the video what happens and what trump does, there are legal challenges that could be brought. >> host: this insurrection act you referenced is back to 1807. however previous presidents use of the specific act? >> guest: it hasn't been used previously for immigration enforcement. it's been used in number giveaways probably four categories. what has been to put down rebellions, including during the civil war, for example. it's been used to suppress labor movements and to intervene on behalf of the employer. that was not within the century. it's been used to protect civil rights during reconstruction, and then again during the civil rights era. and then it's been used most

recently, the most recent time is used in 1992. but between 1965-1992 it was used primarily to intervene or to support state and local law enforcement in dealing with the so-called race riots. >> host: reacting to the rodney king decision that came out track to that was most recent use of the insurrection. >> host: president eisenhower used it i think i read or lease in the research. >> guest: right. president eisenhower used it to enforce a federal court order desegregating schools in little rock, arkansas,. >> host: when these powers are used, how does the public react to the use of or least what can you tell us about that? >> guest: i think over time it has become less and less accepted to see the military intervening in civilian life

inside the country. that's why we haven't seen it since 1992, and there's a couple reasons for that. modern sensibilities don't, it just doesn't fit with americans to see tanks rolling into the cities. how we have evolved fascination. i would also say the capacity of police and police departments to handle civil unrest is so much greater than it was when the insurrection act was passed. because at the time there really were no professionalized police department. law enforcement was a very nascent or professional as law enforcement was a nascent concept in this country. really, in order to deal with serious civil unrest or situations like that, it was

often necessary for the militia and as time is going on when police department that have forces that are really the size of army's of smaller countries and have a lot of equipment and technology that's needed that otherwise the military might need to be called in. >> host: this is elizabeth goitein joining us talking about these emergency powers. again you can call on the lines, you can send us the text if you wish at 202-748-8003. if you have a question on republican line from michigan we will start off with ron forgets. good morning. you are on call back seems to me that people have chosen the direction i want to go. are you still there? >> host: you were on. go ahead. >> caller: it seems like the people have chosen the direction they want to go with trump. it seems like that people don't

see the communists, you know, anti-god and trying to do like satan did and use god's word against himself. the law. that's why he loses indian because he never gives up. the arrest of fighting, the democrats are still fighting. they're not going to give up but they will lose in the end. >> host: as far as these emergency powers come you have a specific question for our guest? , why are you against the tracks? why are you against the ways of god? why are you fighting it? >> host: that is ron, the sense that the presently election, he can use powers as he pleases. take it from there. >> guest: he has the right to use the law within the bounds of the law. there are certainly some concerns that could come into play if he were to use the insurrection act, for example,

to have soldiers in the interior of the country conducting arrests. there are very strong legal why that would come could be illegal. he asked act within the bounds of the law. that's obvious i think. bounds of whether he was chosen by electric grid the other point to me is the electorate is not a monolith. people voted for trump for different reasons and i don't think we've any basis to say the majority of people in this country would support trump's use of emergency powers of the insurrection act in this context. i don't think we have evidence to say that. >> host: if the president elect does but this act into play, who could he pull from as far as military or otherwise to achieve these goals, particularly what comes to mass deportation? >> guest: what the law allows is for the president to call up

the militia which in modern terms means he could federalize the national guard. the national guard ordinarily operates under state command and control, the president can federalize and the cap becomes a regular part of the federal armed forces so we can deploy the federalized national guard and also deploy active-duty armed forces as well. there is some question of whether or not the term militia in the law would allow them to actually call on our deputize private militias or other groups of people because the term militia as defined by congress includes not just the organized militia but the unorganized militia which is defined essential as able-bodied males between the ages of 17-45 and a couple of the categories. >> host: what you think about the possibility of pushback against the use of these laws particularly now that both the house and the senate will be in republican hands?

>> guest: it's hard to see how congress is going to intervene because again congress would have to pass a law. there is no mechanism in the insurrection act for congress to otherwise terminate the employmt under the insurrection act. as i said i think there are legal challenges to be brought. there are department of justice opinions interpreting the insurrection act more narrowly than the tests would seem to suggest. the law is quite brought in terms of what it allows but the department of justice historical era said this law must be interpreted consistently with the constitution and with tradition. if you do that it has to be a last resort. has to be a situation where civilian law enforcement has completely broken down, and given that president-elect trump intervened to prevent congress

from passing a bipartisan border security bill, it's going to be hard for him to argue that this is a last resort, that everything else has already been tried. >> host: those legal options you were talking about, can a stupid file but anyone or do some have to standing to go against the president? >> guest: definitely someone has to standing. for example, it trump or to deploy troops in a state over the wishes of the state there are circumstances which vest it might've standing and anyone who is directly affected by the deployment would be able to bring a lawsuit. >> host: let's hear from marco, democrats lie in north carolina. you were on. good morning. >> caller: yes good morning. thank you for taking my call. i wanted to know why the insurrection act is applicable now but not january 6, 2021? >> guest: so the insurrection act testing that's a great

question, first of all. it would have been applicable on january 6th it president trump had chosen to invoke the insurrection act in order to put down the insurrection at the capitol building. he would've been on solid legal ground because by any honest account, that check the boxes in the insurrection act in terms of the criteria. it was an obstruction a federal law because it was preventing the vote count. it was to mastic violence. was in insurrection. even if you want to qual quarrel over the work insurrection a checksum of the boxes in that law. it would have been appropriate. the problem and the concern that top military leaders within trump's administration had was that he might invoke the insurrection act not to suppress the insurrection but to sort of further impede the transition of power. for example, he could have shut

down the capitol building for days or longer on the pretext of keeping the peace, but with the purpose of delay or preventing certification of the votes. >> host: switching to the large idea of emergency powers come if you are, you are texting, if president biden has a putting these powers. >> guest: biden has deploy emergency powers. he declared a national emergency for international drug trafficking, and under that emergency declaration he called up reservists in case there were needed to supplement the military forces to diploid at the border. the military has been at the border for decades, and they have been there assisting the department of homeland security. when the military is assisting simply law enforcement but not

conducting law enforcement itself which is a fine legal distinction, the act doesn't apply. the military has been legally at the border doing some supporting immigration enforcement for decades and by news emergency powers to supplement the manpower available for that. he also relied on emergency powers to forgive student loan debt and that was something the supreme court struck down. >> host: our guest is with us and would ask about these emergency powers, republicans 202-748-8001. democrats 202-748-8000. independents 202-748-8002. let's hear from jean in kentucky, independent line. go ahead. gene in kentucky, good morning. one more time for gene. okay. you talked about it several times, i'm interested in the

name itself. talk about that and described act if you would. >> guest: so it's essentially a group of people who could be rounded up or called up by the sheriff of a county to go pursue somebody who has broken the law. that is a term comes out for you the term policy in the western movies. when the sheriff kersey get a posse to go chase the robber or whoever. that is where that comes from. obviously latin. its meaning in the law at this point is law enforcement essentially. what it says is that it unlawful to use the armed forces as a posse comitatus act or to otherwise execute the longer means using the military. >> host: when you say

military, which branches of the military does it fall? all branches equally or certain branches that are refrain from being part of that traffic basic all branches. u.s. coast guard is not included. other than that it covers pretty much not just the federal armed services but the national guard when called into federal service. >> host: in its used, what situation with the btus that act for some other ask you talked about when it comes to military and of the situations other than defending the country? >> guest: that's a good question. some of these other authorities allowed to form of the military to assist in law enforcement activities, but they don't allow direct participation. it's a very fine distinction but basically courts have held law enforcement activities are things like arrest, searches and seizures. those fall within posse

comitatus but as the military is conducting reconnaissance, if it assuring intelligence, if it's providing or maintaining equipment, that does not fall within posse comitatus. there are plenty of laws that allow the military to support law enforcement in these indirect ways. the insurrection act is different in that it actually is an exception to posse comitatus. allow similitude to participate in law enforcement activities. having said that, there's a department of justice opinion again that says it should be construed to stop short of allowing arrest, because arrests are perhaps the most core law enforcement function because they are part of charging someone with a crime. that is an unsettled legal question whether not the insurrection act allows soldiers to go to people and put them under arrest. >> host: this is robert who joins us from alabama republican

line for our guest. good morning. >> caller: just have a couple of quick questions. the emergency powers act the president has been used several times by several different presidents to enforce federal law. what is the difference between forcing schools to accept desegregation, breaking the law there, and cities who have declared themselves sanctuaries in violation of federal law, stopping federal enforcement from removing illegal aliens? >> guest: essentially they will not cooperate with federal law enforcement come federal immigration enforcement, they are not legally required to

cooperate so, sorry, with federal immigration enforcement. it is different, there's no federal court order that cities are defined when they are sanctuary cities. there was a federal court order that was being defied in little rock and wonder things that department of justice has set interpreting the insurrection act is the conditions need to apply are either in insurrection at the state level where a state has requested assistance, or state and local enforcement has completely broken down, or there is a federal court order that is being defied. little rock falls squarely within that circumstance where sanctuary cities is a different question. >> host: democrat's line, dave is in baltimore. you are on. good morning. >> caller: i was wondering about the seams dangerous the supreme court was striking construct in one part of the national emergency like is a

legislative veto to now maybe they would want the whole thing to be struck down since it would want to give the president those sorts of hours if they couldn't have the final say, right? seems like they cut off the safety guard of the act. is any discussion about this? >> guest: yet. that such a great point. there's been a lot of discussion for the last few years. lawmakers on both sides of the aisle have a working to try to basically replace the legislative veto out of the law with other mechanism for congress to meaningfully be able to step in. there is a bill that passed overwhelmingly out of committees in both the senate and the house on the broad bipartisan basis, unanimous in the house, that would've try to re-create some of the same, a similar mechanism by requiring presidentially declared emergencies to expire

after 30 days unless approved by congress using expedited procedures. those procedures what a lot any member force a vote here it's a simple majority. the senate cannot filibuster. so it tries to re-create as well as congress can this way for congress to terminate a national emergency declaration without having to muster either a 60 vote threshold in the senate or a super majority in the case of having to override the president veto. >> host: when a president decides to use any of his emergency powers, what legal counsel does he turn to to make sure he's on the right standing to use those powers? >> guest: the president has a lot of lawyers at his disposal. he has lawyers from national security council, he has widest counsels counsel office, the department of justice. he can turn to any of them. that is one of the reasons why the people who serve in in a president administration are so important, and the president's

ability and willingness to seek and listened wise counsel is so important. i will leave it there. >> host: let me follow up. if the president has an incoming team of lawyers and if they've been described say as loyalists generally, is that a concern how this president might apply those powers? >> guest: absolutely. there's a reason why the department of justice has a tradition of independents and why the office of legal counsel within the department of justice, he's giving the best legal advice it can rather than simply giving the president the answer the president wants to hear. that's been a long about tradition and there's a lot of concerns about whether politicization of the department of justice will undermine this was a fundamental tenet of the rule of law in the administration. >> host: our guest is a senior director the brennan center for justice libya national security program. tell us about that program.

>> guest: program was said in the aftermath of 9/11, and what we seek to do is advance respective national security policies that respect constitutional values and the rule of law. >> host: let's hear from jim who joins us from connecticut online for independents. you were on. go ahead. >> caller: i just wanted to say that we civilians have a voice when it comes to opinions about using the military to deport migrants you. our sons and daughters in the military don't and must obey orders. and would be denied to exercise their own conscience and the result may be major or minor. i'll take my answer off the air. thank you. >> guest: i mean, these all such great questions. the people who serve in the

military don't have a choice. there is a legal requirement for soldiers, soldiers are not supposed to follow unlawful orders. but that is a very, that's an axiom situation you wouldn't expect a rank-and-file member, servicemember to not follow an order to deploy under the insurrection act, for example. this is one of the reasons why the military is not part of domestic deployments, or deployments to enforce civilian law or to quell civil unrest. there are many servicemembers and retired justices who have gone on record to say this is not what we are trained for. this is not what we signed up to do, but it is also not really

what we are trained for, to handle civilian populations with constitutional rights. it also diverts personnel and resources from the very real overseas threats that we face. there's a real i think since within at least obviously the military is not a monolith either, but the retired generals with whom i spoken in many with gone on record have said this is not what we would prefer to be doing. >> host: from john who joins us from florida, independent line. go ahead, you were on. >> caller: yes. and the presidential act, she mentioned, and she brought it up, that the bipartisan border bill that was killed by a think

she mentioned it was killed i trump, but this bipartisan border bill was just letting people in faster. i am insulted one hear the word bipartisan and there's only like seven people on each side. that doesn't make it bipartisan. so how do you reconcile the liberals that are overtaking the meet the press, the "washington journal"? >> guest: sorry, the something on each side was after, or talk about the vote that happen. that vote was after trump reportedly intervened and encouraged republicans not to vote for him. we don't know what the bill would been otherwise. certainly it was bipartisan in its creation and it did not let people across the border. it was quite the opposite. >> host: when it comes to the president's plan for deportation, fast deportations

as he talked about, he wanted to expand the centers to hold people are building new ones. could he is powers to do that circumventing everything else? >> guest: either existing law without invoking the insurrection act or any other emergency power, the military federal armed forces can provide support to the bylaw thinw enforcement and that's what includes a provision of military bases and equipment. answer without declaring a national emergency the president could make use of military -- to detain immigrants. in fact, the afghan refugees who came to this country after the taliban retake afghanistan, they were housed in military bases. you don't need an emergency declaration for that. the resources available, to do that, you would quickly run into

resource issues, and a national emergency declaration in theory could be used to try to get more resources for that. trump could use the same power used to secure funding for the border wall to secure funding to build additional military bases. as i said, some courts held that was misuse of the military insurrection provision. it's not clear that would withstand a legal challenge but that's one thing the president might try to do. >> host: this is also from john in rhode island, independent line. >> caller: how're you? >> host: go ahead, please. >> caller: my question is does the president have the power or the authority to hold back funding for sanctuary cities? i'm hoping he can. that will make my day. >> guest: that issue was litigated during the first of administration and again in never got to the supreme court.

there was a court that held that he did not have the authority to withhold federal funding another court said he did. we do not get a final answer on that from the supreme court. >> host: you highlighted this but if a state or locality says they want to resist the president wants to use emergency pouts, that might impact the state or locality, how much power does the state or locality had to push back on that? >> guest: to push back on if her tight butt use emergency powers like insurrection act, there's that much states can do in advance to prevent the president from invoking the insurrection act. the state cannot order its national guard not to be federalized. the president can federalize the national guard even if the state objects. however, if the president is violating the law in the course of invoking the insurrection act would appoint national guard forces, the state can challenge about. for some of state has standing.

if chopper to federalize a states national guard in a situation where let's say the state is using the national guard for other purposes, the president comes in the federalize is regard, the statement of standing to bring a legal challenge. it's really a question of how the president uses these powers and it the president is misusing the powers then the states have the opportunity and of the people will have the opportunity to supreme court. >> host: in massachusetts on her life for democrats. richard is up next. >> caller: hello. i'm concerned that this whole discussion ignores the fact that trump has said he would use it emergency powers to oppose anybody who disagrees with them and even to prosecute them and use the army to round them up. it's just impossible to be reasonable about trusting men like that with emergency powers.

that is the root of the problem in american people have fallen for that, and that leads us in this mess. the rest of the discussion of emergency powers is just not, it's avoiding the elephant in the room. thank you. >> guest: we are discussed emergency powers specific in the context of immigration enforcement it absolutely trump has threatened to use emergency powers. he threatened to use the insurrection act to put down her test against his presidency. he said he is use the insurrection act and send it into what he calls crime dens such as new york and chicago. he has threatened -- when there were protests in d.c. and across the country over the police killing of george floyd, president trump said he would invoke the insurrection act for largely peaceful protests. it was not a single mayor or governor who said our state and local law enforcement is

overwhelmed, we need federal forces. but he still wanted to use insurrection act and at the time the acting secretary of defense topically said we should use insurrection act for this. that's pretty much what put a stop to it and one of the reasons why that person was fired. absolutely, i think we of her trump say he would use emergency powers essentially to quash dissent or opposition to his presidency. that is a very frightening and alarming prospect and certainly a situation where legal challenges could and should and will be brought. >> host: from john in new hampshire, independent line. >> caller: you have talked about the insurrection and called it an insurrection. there were no weapons there. if you look back at the hearing that was held, the real hearing, not the january 6th hearing, the hearing that had the chief

of police, stephen london at the time, i'm sorry, stephen -- he will tell you it wasn't an insurrection. he will tell you he didn't have enough resources, that he requested for the event that trump tried to supply these people. i'd would also like to know if you believe as liberals have taken over statehouses across the country, if you believe those were insurrections also? thank you for your time. >> guest: one of the reasons i said it's not necessary to discuss the word insurrection is because the insurrection act itself does not apply only to insurrections and the son of what only to situations where people of weapons. it also applies to obstructions of federal law. i don't think it's worth getting into discussion of what is or isn't an insurrection. it has been quite clear the criteria for the insurrection act were met on january 6th.

>> host: as the new administration comes in next year, what are you watching for? what's a red flag for you? >> guest: trump has said he will declare a national emergency on day one. i think he said that. we can expect to see that. i'm curious i'm not sure this is right word, but which emergency act he wants to invoke. he can later add new powers but then he has to issue an executive order identifying the powers he's going to rely on. i will be looking to see what powers he thinks he can use mass deportation. as i said to are about 15050 different emergency powers. i will say none of them is designed to facilitate deportation. i'm not saying that none of them could possibly be used to free up resources. i think there are legal questions route that that the courts will resolve but because

none of those provisions were designed for that purpose, it is likely that he will be stretching powers beyond what they were intended to be used for in a way that would be legally questionable. i will be looking to see what powers he relies on, and if he invokes the insurrection act he could use it in any number of ways, or he could not use it at all. he could invoke it simply for the shock and awe and he could continue to rely on existing statutory authorities that give him a good amount of, or that allow federal armed forces to support civilian law enforcement in the number of ways. he's been very vague about what he would do under a national emergency declaration, but i did

what he would do under the insurrection act. i will be looking to see those details. i don't know that we'll see them on day one or on day 30 but that's what i'm looking carefully to see. >> host: the website is brennancenter.org. elizabeth goitein is a senior director of the brennan center for justice liberty and national security program here to talk about the presidential emergency powers. thanks for your time. >> guest: thanks.

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under the previous order, the motion to reconsider is considered made and laid upon the table, and the president be immediately notified of the senate's action. under the previous order, the senate will resume consideration of the following nomination, which the clerk will report. the clerk: the judiciary, catherine henry of pennsylvania to be united states district judge for the eastern district of pennsylvania. the presiding officer: question is on the nomination. is there a sufficient second? there appears to be. the clerk will call the roll. vote: the clerk: ms. baldwin. mr. barrasso. mr. bennet. mrs. blackburn. mr. blumenthal. mr. booker. mr. boozman. mr. braun. mrs. britt. mr. brown. mr. budd. ms. butler. ms. cantwell. mrs. capito. mr. cardin. mr. carper. mr. casey. mr. cassidy.

ms. collins. mr. coons. mr. cornyn. vote: the clerk: ms. cortez masto. mr. cotton. mr. cramer. mr. crapo. mr. cruz.

mr. daines. ms. duckworth. mr. durbin. ms. ernst. mr. fetterman. mrs. fischer. mrs. gillibrand. mr. graham. mr. grassley. mr. hagerty. ms. hassan. mr. hawley. mr. heinrich. mr. helmy. mr. hickenlooper. ms. hirono. mr. hoeven. mrs. hyde-smith. mr. johnson. mr. kaine. mr. kelly. mr. kennedy. mr. king. ms. klobuchar. mr. lankford. mr. lee. mr. lujan. ms. lummis. mr. manchin. mr. markey.

mr. marshall. mr. mcconnell. mr. merkley. mr. moran. mr. mullin. ms. murkowski. mr. murphy. mrs. murray. mr. ossoff. mr. padilla. mr. paul. mr. peters. mr. reed. mr. ricketts. mr. risch. mr. romney. ms. rosen. mr. rounds. mr. rubio. mr. sanders. mr. schatz. mr. schmitt. mr. schumer.

the clerk: mr. scott of florida. mr. scott of south carolina. mrs. shaheen. ms. sinema. ms. smith. ms. stabenow. mr. sullivan. mr. tester. mr. thune. mr. tillis. mr. tuberville. mr. van hollen. mr. vance. mr. warner. mr. warnock. ms. warren. mr. welch. mr. whitehouse. mr. wicker. mr. wyden. mr. young.

the clerk: senators voting in the affirmative -- brown, heinrich, lujan, manchin, merkley, murphy, rosen, schatz, smith, welch. senators voting in the negative --

budd, cornyn, cruz, hagerty, hawley, kennedy, lummis, mcconnell, murkowski, tillis, wi we are being the development with what's happening on the ground and it is ironclad and we are committed to that. >> the great concern, is it the perspective of the united

states? >> it is a fluid situation, i'm not going to jump to that, we are watching these developments and okay counterparts. >> every country has its own rules and laws and procedures, i am no expert and how sub koreans work in the ins and outs it is certainly hope and expectation

laws and regulations are abided by the country. >> i'm not going to get ahead of. >> martial law to finish. >> there's obviously a lot in south korea over the day. we want to see this with calls. we will read out the next coming days. >> with the. >> i have no conversation to

read out. >> in march the signature issue. >> were there concerns? >> i'm not going to keep the product of a manic situation. what i can say is we were not notified of the announcement in advance but i think the important thing to remember is at the crux of this is not these two specific units in the bar relationship that we have and

that is ironclad. there is a lot of important work with the republic of korea. we are continuing to watch with great concern and follow developments on the ground and alliance need to be strong and ironclad. let's not get ahead of this. >> as you think they will in a voice with the rule of law in the legislature hoping something would be consistent.

>> can you give more feedback? >> i'm not going to get more specific, both here and united states with calls for meetings to read out. >> i have nothing to preview right now. >> the conversations private and watching these developments and we are engaging our counterparts. >> i will come back to the.

>> encouraging american citizens of. and several hours after. the reason for that delay. >> it is a fluid situation and let me say probably we have no higher priority this is a key i'll have enough faith the offer. the continues to be level one and exercise normal caution but with that said it is right. we would encourage american citizens the best way to stay in touch as the situation develops.

we have 24/7 hotlines used in emergencies. we plan to issue regular updates on the website and we've encouraged citizens to monitor and we will of course update when appropriate. >> would you typically expect to be notified martial law ahead of time? >> i will not speculate on what may or may not happen in these situations. we were not notified with this announcement in advance the unparalleled to another government the leader was honored by the biden

administration and later that foot over the summer, encouraging them to former presidential life, you reminding them of similar human rights? >> any government with a biological government true in the public of korea. if that is our hope and expectations to be resolved peacefully. >> has the united states received threats from north korea in the past 24 hours?

>> i have no threat assessment announce as it relates democrat is the usss but the natural hazard assessments make the letter watching and seeking to counterparts both here in the united states and we have a number of steps about ways in which there is reporting americans amazing information available to them but beyond that, i don't have any other. powerful and expectations that any political resolve will be in accordance to the rule of law.

>> you talk about the u.s. embassy? >> i don't have any changes right now. >> it is notable in this. >> is not for us to characterize. what we are attempting to do is gather the facts the consensus was having underground and monitor as needed.

it's not for us to speculate. it is concerning to us and we are paying attention and we want to see the result peacefully and in line. >> in your statement so far the notion of strategic threat. >> when it comes to the korean peninsula, i'm sure any number

can talk about the destabilizing force in the long litany we have seen with this administration but many years. typically it's not press to draw any conclusion. and it is the posture and beyond that the how to present wanting resolved. >> what is the role?

>> as it relates to defense posture personnel, i know my colleague claire today, i will leave it to them to speak about dod personnel. as it relates to our the black facilities, there is no change in our posture. we have outlined a number of ways in and with the offer of should we need to but probably her kate is ironclad. >> let me just make sure there's nothing else in the region.

>> the reason is because of the children and their relationship. >> that is not on the are okay, i will come back to appear. >> what is happening. >> our partnership we remain committed to that. the emphasis on strengthening

partnerships and alliances and it does not change. we are monitoring the situation and have great concerns. >> i'm not going to speculate. anything else? >> do you think it will be a coordination left. >> there is certainly a hypothetical question.

new evidence in place and putting partners and as i said, a number of priorities between us and certainly at the crux of the peninsula has not changed. we need partners with them and i don't have anything on how that may or may not change. we are continuing to gather the facts and i expect this to be fully resolved. >> no see any posture on this?

>> i will not speak to that kind of assessment. >> follow up with ukraine on that. >> the kind of answered your own or not. >> we are continuing the readout but of course part of it is in communication with other predators.

that is a priority for us as well. >> is a related? >> let me see on now and. did you have something? >> he said there will be a result the department of state. >> i'm not here to offer assessment or draw a conclusion on reasoning behind the decision to speak to. what i'm speaking to his what the united states efforts has

been in gathering as much information as we can on the ground and monitoring these developments of grave concern. we are engaging counterparts here in the united states and want to see it resolved peacefully. i'm not going to make an assessment here. >> when did the government receive the notification? >> we were not notified as it relates. >> i will not fit into the specifics over not notified

ahead. >> in central gaza. is there anything to make sure? >> i've seen the reports and i will leave it to them to speak to that. it would not be for us. if they are true, certainly it would be inconclusive but the number of principles secretary blinken laid out a year ago. our view when it comes to the region so that would most certainly be the case. among them, the canopy any

reduction in the territory of gaza were forced displacement and they must be allowed to return safely as soon as conditions allow so it would be inconsistent with the symbols and i will leave it to the israeli government. >> but certainly you have determining the veracity. >> i don't have it to offer. >> the united states congress. >> i don't have not.

it would be inconsistent in the region. >> and that is by itself for what is going on. it is happening in gaza and any announcement or engagement.

in all these things. and they are obligated. >> we are deeply concerned and continuing to maximize and streamline the crossings and open more crossings to help further address the "humanitarian crisis" in gaza. that is what we continue to engage on for quite some time

and continue to work at this until the very last hour. >> i would take issue with that because over the course of the totality of the conflict when we have seen things and things that are inconsistent, we have said so. and further specific areas in which we have asked when it comes to humanitarian aid.

the work of this secretary helped him walk initial aid in the work of the department and others continue to push. and further enhance humanitarian aid and we have taken action and continue until the last hour of this of demonstration we see things inconsistent with what we want. >> going and so on and earlier in the day and that is the work.

it is a sense of urgency and do it quick. >> we are focusing every time available to bring it to a close and make sure the hostages return home and have a serious conversation the day after. only one president at the time and i'll leave it to you will to ask the tough questions for the next administration.

i'll let them clarify. >> the urgency. >> we continue to operate with the utmost urgency for the from of former president or otherwise. >> yesterday that happened on sunday, yesterday. one aid worker's. >> for anyone. >> we are outdated and wanting

more than concerned in our view and has been must be protected to safely deliver aid of their fellow or anywhere in the world. we will investigate actions and accountability.

>> i'm not going to draw a conclusion to what has happened. we are troubled by this and aid workers need to do the work. >> the new channel. >> it is not. i'm not going to offer a timeline on the. >> early december, is that what you are tracking? >> i'm not going to put a timeline on it. sometimes you don't have a timeline to offer. >> from united states. i will have to double check the specific things.

>> by the united states and partners. congress is five will continue to be implemented. >> you see this is a threat?

>> continues violations the biden's remarks are clear that there is a direct threat. >> do israelis have a right to adjudicate their own violations and act accordingly? >> i'm not going to offer.

the right to self-defense and what any company would do on this, i just don't have anything to offer. >> is it operational? >> that is the question. >> it is not mean it was. >> another way to interpret the. from our perspective we are doing everything we can on the question.

as part about. it has a right to defend itself and make sure they no longer have to bring the world. >> they target lebanon and retaliation. >> i don't have an assessment to offer. our view is the commute holding

it in place and address questions and violations. and make sure they are. >> ahead of the retaliation to have an assessment on the. >> i will go over the ins and outs about. >> will not going to speak to private diplomatic options. all parties need to do everything possible to abide by

cease-fire. through monitoring and implementation. we are committed to helping through this monitoring mechanism. >> providing military aid? >> i have a specific announcement beyond the united states one of the largest supporters but i don't have the specific announcement. >> support a position.

it is providing for them. >> the past 48 to 72 hours underscore if the conflict can only end is a political sentiment? we think it is time to reinvigorate that process the only path forward and certainly our view is no country should take advantage of this and we are engaging with partners and allies and anyone who has power, do everything we can to address de-escalation.

>> they are serious on this. >> the only solution here is reflective of the people and align with 2254. >> do you have any updates? >> november 7, it is for the 23rd time since 2018. an additional 120 days we remain committed to the influence in the region and it is critical to these efforts and it started in the previous administration and iraq develops its own.

>> the focus on iran. >> i think i've spoken a little bit on this. we have seen them progress as a relates to their own production and continues to be the case. i don't have anything to offer today. >> the iraqi prime minister, they said monitoring they will have the security. >> i'm not going to draw any particular conclusion. but we are telling partners is

that from our view, the only solution is consistent with this. we want every country to de-escalate. >> so far they went to the areas in which they have this.

they have reached out to you and they are seeking help. are you offering any support in this regard? >> offering appropriate assistance is vital and we think it is critically important. we have for many many years now been an important and robust provider to those impacted regions. i do not have any specific announcement to offer as it relates to today. we are continuing to monitor that situation will take appropriate steps if we need to. >> earlier you mentioned under the cease-fire, israel has the

right to defend itself. does that seemed like a right transfer? i say this because israel's new defense minister today said if he fails to deter hezbollah from attacking it, the lebanese government will not be immune to the task in the future. >> i think you are asking me to again speak to a hypothetical which i will not engage on. >> is there something in the cease-fire? >> at the crux of this, at the crux of this long conversation that we have been having as it relates to northern israel and southern lebanon resolution 1701 at the center of that is this notion that hezbollah will withdrawal to the river and that likewise israel will return to

the south of the blue line back to israel. again, i think to just pressure the question a little bit, i do not think that there is a desire for israel to invade or attack the lebanese people. what we are talking about is specific acts or incidents of self-defense. certainly not trying to minimize the impact on lebanese civilians i just do not have an assessment to offer on the specific incidents. as it relates to the cease-fire there is a mechanism in place to address violations. at the crux of this, israel, if it is threatened or the security is violated by hezbollah, by a terrorist group, they certainly have the right to their self-defense. >> it is a chicken and the egg. does lebanon then retain that same right?

okay. let's say israel is the aggressor. >> again, we are going down a slippery slope of hypotheticals. it is a bit of a hypothetical because on one side you are talking about a terrorist group that as part of its mission statement has the destruction of israel stamped at the center of that. on the other side, you have israel, a sovereign democratic state. >> lebanon three times. >> part of what we were talking about in part of the cease-fire is for israel at the crux to withdraw to south of the blue line. i think the situations are not totally comparable, but i really appreciate. >> you guys signed today preparing the foreign minister which was provide financial assistance. i'm asking because the ukrainian side is asking to provide more

additional assistance to secure the energy as the energy assistance. getting those results. >> so, in terms of the line item , i do not have a specific steer for you, but what i would say is this is another long step of hours and doing what we can to make sure that ukraine can do what it can to stand on its own 2 feet. the end goal, you've heard the secretary talk a lot about this. making sure ukraine can stand on its own militarily, economically and it can continue to grow and be part of these institutions. i am happy to check specifically if we have some specifics on the budgetary information. >> sorry.

>> we continue to work around the clock to find ways to support ukraine. as you probably saw, alex, as part of the assistance that the president announced, the u.s. is providing another significant package with our partners as they continue to defend against russia. this additional assessment assistance is being provided under presidential authority and it is valued at approximately 725 million. it includes a whole litany of things that we think we will continue to help ukraine defend itself. >> the last remaining defenders. they were supposed to be secretary defenders.

the reports have been detained. it is imperative that human rights defenders everywhere are able to conduct their work free from retribution. releasing all of those unjustly dissed detained. >> failure to secure. >> i will not speculate on the decision-making here. what may or may not have caused this, alex. we are urging to release all of those unjustly detained and cease the crackdown including human rights defenders and journalists.

>> the past couple of hours, before that, how did they handle this? >> we condemned the excessive use of force. exercising their rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and expression. including their ability to peacefully protest. the u.s. is deeply concerned by reports of the detention and recognizing that a free press, we believe, is a cornerstone of a democratic system. calling on all sides to ensure protest remain useful. respecting the rule of human rights and freedoms. >> i will work the room a little bit, alex. go ahead. >> when is the right time for you to impose sanctions. organizing this massive violence on georgia. i am speaking about the founder. >> look, i will not preview or

speculate on any actions. the u.s. may or may not take. what we are focused on right now is engaging the georgian government and emphasizing to them the strong responsibility that they have to respect a rule of law. respect human rights and respect fundamental freedoms. georgia own aspirations. >> go ahead. >> thank you so much. concerned and that the new parliament over violence highlighting over 2000 violent calling for the government discussion with the territories to ensure protection, law and order and freedom of religion. are there any plans to address this concern from the u.s.? >> we are consistent with every government in which we have a

relationship with. we are clear that there needs to be the respect of fundamental freedoms. religious freedom and basic human rights. any kind of protest should be a need to be peaceful. any kind of crackdown, not even crackdown, governments need to respect the rule of law. they need to respect basic human rights as a part of that. that is something that we will continue to emphasize. >> the leader in bangladesh for the intelligence is the member of this. it is a legally arrested, no lawyer in bangladesh willing to stand for this that is because beaten and sent to the hospital.

when you to take any action of this. >> i do not have the details surrounding that case. we continue to stress and emphasize that even those that are in detention need to be afforded appropriate representation they need to be treated with basic fundamental freedoms. >> thank you. a couple of questions on gaza. closing in on an agreement to select the committee and supposedly technical democrats to administer gaza. has the u.s. been coordinating, does it take a position on this process and was it discussed? >> i do not have any further perspectives to offer beyond that. i have seen the reporting as it relates to this announcement, but do not have anything to offer beyond the united states. hamas continuing to play a role

they in any kind of governance and gaza would certainly be troubling for us. >> i just do not have any conversations to read out. >> humanitarian aid. putting it on israel to crackdown on what has been happening with the trucks going into gaza. it cannot allow israel to export those trucks because it is one of the boring. how, in the u.s. opinion should they go about trying to stamp out the alluding and again i guess you already answer the question, has the u.s. been engaged in israel and guidance and support in trying to find a solution? >> we have been engaged in this issue. including of course the united nation. it is a serious area of concern and it's an area of concern where we continue to want to see

more happen and more diligence given. not just, of course, from israel's perspective but the united nations as well. >> this is something we continue to engage with partners. thanks, everybody. . warner, aye the last of two votes.

united states district judge for the district of columbia. senators are now considering whether to confirm the district judge for the eastern district of pennsylvania. live senate coverage here on c-span2

unfortunately, both protections in their court. not seeing much value, for example. this region from thailand to the philippines which is extraordinarily dynamic. an alternative to the chinese. having problems with the chinese in the same way that we are. president obama wanted to link us through a pacific trade agreement. it is a terrible mistake. it leaves an open door for the chinese. that is where the growth is. it is remarkable. they have a tech sector now. well, who would've thought india would've had a tech sector 35 years ago. the world is changing rapidly.

where they are both week is that they tend to be two selections. we will pay dearly in terms of economics what is going on in europe right now. we have to ask ourselves, you know, the appeasement of the 30 s, was it really a good economic choice? the answer is no. we are on the verge of that right now in europe. that could cost us incredibly in terms of defense spending. >> quite simply, if we have to spend much more in defense because we permit putin to achieve victory in the ukraine which he is about to do. then, he will be emboldened. he has his economy on war footing. he spending huge amounts of money on his militaries.

and, in turn, someone will have to match that. or in the end we will have to have him gradually eat up your. that will be very costly to us. americans talk about making chips. they make nothing. they design chips. these are the most powerful chips in the world. the crown jewels of the american economy. according to the model t in the 21st century. they design those chips. they can only be manufactured in taiwan which is just a brush away from china. they can only be manufactured in taiwan with machinery made in the netherlands. the dutch have a lock on the machine tools that make the chips. through the decisions that they made and so forth. we have an economic interest.

a security interest in defending your. we have an economic and security interest in defending taiwan. permitting the access to become stronger and bolder will mean, ultimately, that we will have to defend those places and much higher costs than we would today there is a profound connection between security these days and economics. you know, the nostalgic view is we can live here in splendid isolation, everything that we need on our own. it is worth it not to be engaged in nasty and terrible world. that is just not true. >> no, it is not. hitting the europeans, the europeans are reeling from a lot of bad decisions over the last 25-35 years. they have not invested adequately in their economy. during covert, the equivalent of our counties and states information to berlin about cases and so forth, you know how they did it, by fax.

they did not do it through e-mail or the internet. they did it by fax. they make great 20th century machinery. more capably competing with the chinese on electric vehicles and general motors is. they have not invested in their economies. if you hit 20% tariff and cut off this enormously important market to them, that could send that economy tanking into the ground and ways that we just do not want to see. then, how will they defend themselves in those factories in holland that make those machine tools. if i was confronted by the sanctions we have imposed, by denying them access to the technology, the two assets i most want, the things most important to me, remember ball bearings factories and so they cannot make the machinery, the two assets i really want of the

factory make the ships in taiwan and making the machine tools to make those chips in the netherlands. if we do not defend those, the american economy will look like a very different place. >> when the president talks about trade policy to china and other countries to achieve policy goals, is not a good direction to go to with regards to china? >> yes. >> we have had, well before nafta, since the 60s, a free trade arrangement with canada. there is no american cars. they are canadian-american cars. they go back and forth. you put a 20% tariff on that. you may as well just say the japanese will make all the cars and send them here. because it completely comes up that supply chain. he was writing the script for

donald trump when he said that. who was giving any thought to that? if you look at you he is appointing, he has decided that trade will be handled by the commerce secretary. the trade representative will not be a particularly senior job he will take orders. let nick has no experience whatsoever with trade. probably someone right now is explaining to him what section 337 of the trade act is. you cannot have people like that making those kinds of policies. we are getting a good derivative trader. >> credentials matter. experience matters. defense secretary that does your job, if you look at the hall looking at military faces over the next four years the

structure outnumbered in asia, compensating for that, the distance at which we will have to fight if we have to defend taiwan, someone who has been a platoon leader in the military should be commended for his service, but not handed the keys to the executive, you know, the ceo. >> let me pause for a second. inviting for the next administration. 8001 for republicans. 7,488,000 for democrats. 8002 for independence. you worked at the international trade commission. how does that inform your view of trade now? >> my whole career has been about trade agreements. i wrote my doctorate dissertation. i worked on that through my entire career. it comes and goes. i work on other things. so, that gave me an inside view of how, for example, these laws that trumppr will have to access to impose the terrorists, you have to perform the

investigations to impose the tariffs. my office did the economics on those investigations. i signed off on them. my signature was on those investigations. >> my feeling is that we need people, like, for example, the u.s. trade representative, she is an experienced trade lawyer. she worked the cases. trump's last trade representative really carried the wall. he was put under i believe yellen's authority

the presiding officer: the senator from texas. mr. cornyn: mr. president, are we in a quorum call? the presiding officer: no. mr. cornyn: mr. president, last week i spoke about a few of president trump's excellent choices to lead his foreign policy agenda. today i'd like to highlight a few of the impressive individuals he's tapped to lead his agenda for american energy abundance. at the energy department, the epa, and interior. it's no secret that texas is an energy-producing state. the 30 million people i represent have been suffering from high gas prices along with inflation, higher utility bills under these last four years. from day one of his presidency, president biden made clear that he was taking his cues not from people like my constituents who

had to pay these higher prices but from radical activists looking to further their left-wing climate agenda. he started by cancelling the keystone x.l. pipeline, which would created jobs and help keep gas prices affordable. while texans along with other americans were suffering from high inflation, president biden responded to their pleas by signing into law a so-called inflation-reduction act, which i'd like to point out did nothing to reduce inflation. well, the inflation reduction act in fact added more burdensome regulations and wasteful spending while president biden himself admitted that the law has, quote, less to do with inflation, close quote. adding insult to injury, the epa put into place a tailpipe rule that creates emissions standards so stringent, they practically force consumers to choose

between an electricity vehicle rather than a gas-powered car. of course, that was part of the goal. no one i know of wants to be told by the government what kind of car they have to buy, but consider as well that texans are already having trouble keeping up with their bills due to high inflation. does president biden really think forcing them to buy an expensive electricity vehicle -- electric vehicle or forcing hardworking people who can't afford an electric vehicle even with the subsidy to subsidize wealthier americans so that they can do so? makes no sense whatsoever. final i will by significantly limiting america's lng exports many of which leave the country and travel at that our a -- travel to our allies, president biden gave a gift to president putin and forced our allies to

rely more heavily on russia and saudi arabia for their energy needs. it should be no surprise to the biden administration that texans voted against a president who prioritized keeping radical climate activists happy at the expense of average americans. but with president trump at the helm, i have no doubt that texans will be able to breathe a sigh of relief when it comes to their energy needs. chris wright, who the president has tapped to lead his department of energy, will bring a wealth of experience from the oil and gas sector. he's been an advocate for economic growth and american entrepreneurship. i also look forward to working with former congressman lee zeldin, who the president has chosen to be the administrator of the environmental protection agency. and then there's the former governor of north dakota, doug burgum, an outstanding choice lead the gunpoint of the interior -- the department of the interior. he'll bring a freshspect of from

his track record as goon. i look forward to working with each of these cabinet nominees, and i hope they will embrace the all-of-the-above energy strategy that includes all forms of energy, something that texas has always championed. texas-based companies are making serious strides in energy innovation. every day they're finding new ways to make our most prevalent and affordable energy sources cleaner. but to that end, there is a lot of work that needs to be done to reverse the damage caused by the administration, the current administration. first off, the president's pause on lng exports must be lifted. as many texans know, lng is one of the cleanest sources of energy in the planet. if activists are serious about working in good faith to lower co2 emissions, they should be pushing for more, not less, lng. and that produced 00er in the united states can be provided to

our friends and allies in the world. when our allies can't access american lng, they have to turn elsewhere to enshould surthat they can keep the -- enthat you are that they can -- ensure that they can keep the lights on. while other countries don't have nearly the same environmental standards as we have here. the last thing the united states should do is to cause our allies to rely more on vladimir putin and russia for their energy needs, but that's the consequence of president biden's policies. i spoke yesterday on how china, iran, russia, north korea are working in concert to undermine american interests around the world in a very dangerous situation. it's not an overstatement to say that president biden's ban on lng exports directly advances the interests of this axis of authoritarians. that's dangerous. it's clear that we need to be producing more domestic energy of all kinds to support not only our domestic needs but our friends and allies around the world.

and president trump has made a great choice to help advance that effort. over -- at the department of the interior, i hope that governor burgum will get to work quickly to reform and streamline the permitting process for energy activities on federal lands. this is one of the most serious self-inflicted wounds that the united states government has afflicted on itself. by restricting access to streamlining permitting. another pressing issue for the incoming administration is that nepa is in desperate need of reform. these are the environmental review programs. under the biden administration's unwieldy handling of this process, costs and timelines have been unpredictable, making it nearly impossible to tap the vast natural resources our nation is so abundantly blessed with. my republican colleagues and i stand ready to work with all of

these nominees to reverse the harmful policies of the current administration, like the tailpipe rule, turbo charge energy's sector. i look forward to working with president trump's team, and i'm confident that together we can put the full force of the texas energy specter back on display and once again unleash affordable, reliable, and secure energy right here in america. a senator: mr. president. the presiding officer: the senator from west virginia. mr. manchin: my friends and

colleagues, today i rise with a full heart and overwhelming sense of gratitude. it's been the honor of my life to represent my p great state of west virginia and this great country much ours. 14 years ago i walked in this building not knowing what to expect. i just left the best public service job of my life as the governor of my great state of west virginia. everything i knew about the senate i heard and listened and lrnd from robert -- learned from robert c. byrd. i knew i could never fill his shoes but believed i could continue to bring our commonsense west virginia values. throughout my life as public servant i have seen good people coming together to solve tough problems, sometimes we thought it was impossible but we did it. now as my time here comes to an end, i want you to know that my belief in the potential of this institution and each and every one of you that represent it remains as strong as ever. i've said this.

i believe in you probably more than you believe in yourself at times. you don't come into politics looking for fame or fortune, or at least you shouldn't. you come in because you believe you can make a difference in helping your neighbor, your community, and the country that's given you so very much. i was not elected to take a side. i was not elected to take a side. i was elected to represent all sides. the only side i've ever truly believed in is the american side which i believe we all belong to. that's why i entered public service all those years ago. this was not a dream of mine to be a politician or be in public service. and i can say with a clear conscience that i've always tried to serve the people first. putting country before party, principle before politics. each and every one of us are products of our environment. we are who we are because of who raised us, where we were raised and how we were raised. it never should leave you. it never has. i was raised in farmington, a coal mining town in west virginia, where we learned the

best way to get ahead was to roll up your sleeves and get to work. pretty simple. my grandparents were born in czechoslovakia on my mother's side and italy on my father's side. they all came to the country in certainly of this american dream they heard about. they were thrown into survival mode early on and they wanted a better life for themselves, but most importantly for the generations to follow. they all taught me the value of a good education combined with hard work work and the importance of helping others. always be conscious of your surroundings. from them i learned the core principle, you have a moral obligation to help those who can't help themselves. very clear. but able-bodied people who fall on hard times don't need a continuous handout. what they really need is a hand up to get back in the fight of life. i believe the greatest gift you can give intun when they're struggling is a job. it's not just about earning a

paycheck. it's about dignity and purpose and the hope that goes with. i believe this is true for government too. government is not designed to be your provider. it's designed to be your partner, and the best partner you've ever had. the most effective government programs are the ones that people get to work. they give them a sense of purpose and help and build a better future. during the great depression, and all of us who know our history, do you ever remember the federal government sending anybody a check? not one time did we her that fdr sent checks out. he sent hope and opportunity and we rebuilt america. put people back to work. that is what it's all about. government is there to help you during difficult times. there are americans out there today all over our great country that need a second chance. they really do, and we should give it to them. that's our responsibilities. for example, 1946, the federal government intervened to stop a nationwide coal strike because

it was destroying our economy coming out of the war. something had to be done. in exchange for returning to work, the united mine workers of america received a guarantee from the federal government that their pensions and their health care benefits at that they had worked for and earned would be guaranteed for them for their life. over the next 60 years congress had to step up to make good on this promise as individual coal companies, bankruptcies threatened to take away all they earned. the entire system was on verge of collapse and nearly 100 thousand coal miners not just from my state but over the country and their families were about to lose everything. every one of us stepped up, democrats, republicans, worked together to make sure we fulfill the promise that the government made 60 years ago. but somewhere along the way government stopped being a partner and started being a provider. it's not good for people who end

up trapped in a system of dependency and poverty, which we all have some in our states. some of us have more than others. it's time to put the relationship between government and the people back in its proper place. when i started in the west virginia statehouse of delegates, i was one of 100. one of a hundred. then i went to the state senate and back one of 34. then i became secretary of state and then became governor of the state of west virginia. at every step i asked myself one simple question -- how can i be in a position to help more people in my state? one of a hundred and one of 34 and one of one. and then the opportunity to go to the senate to really do something extraordinary for the whole country, help millions of people. that question has been my compass eventually led me here to the united states and that's exactly why we're all here, i believe. when asked what my politics is, i never hesitate to tell you i'm

fiscally responsible and socialally compassionate. you go back to your child, where you're raised, how you're raised and who raised you. take care of yourself and help others if you can. as secretary of state i started a program called shares. we had to do something because our voting turnout was low and i was the secretary of state. we come up with this program. first of all, we went into the schools because they weren't teaching it, democracy and education and everything that need to be done in the schools wasn't being done. what we had done then, we'd go in there and we taught every high school, every person in west virginia that was 17 years of age and that would turn 18 on or before the general election could vote in the primary at 17 years of age. then we had a contest. jennings randolph was the father of this contest. we put his name on it. what we did, we gave out certificates and schools of

excellence if they got everyone 100% registered. let me tell you what happened there. once we got all the kids involved and got them wanting to vote and now they knew they could at 17 age, they started taking their parents back, grandparents back, aunts and uncles. our voting percentages went up tremendously just to get them enthused. i said we can't get the old dogs back in the barn, in the house, but we can teach those old dogs new tricks. it wasn't about who won or lost. we just wanted to renal ster. we never told them how to register or what party to be in. i saw firsthand what we could accomplish. when i tell you it wasn't exactly my plan to join the senate, when senator byrd passed away in 2010 i had to make one of the toughest political decisions of my life, but i saw an opportunity to serve more people and tackle bigger challenges. that weighed on me heavily. our state was in good shape. i had been there for six years

as governor and we worked together tremendously. i thought we'll come here and work together. i have to admit to you, it was a harder transition than i will expected, coming be here to washington was so humbling. it really was. i came here thinking, we're going to work together like we did in west virginia to solve the nation's problems now. not west virginia's problems, but the nation's problems. but it didn't take long for me to see that the divisions here run pretty deep. so one of my first conversations with harry reid, and his conversations weren't very long, so it was short, he asked me to fund raise for democratic candidates to run against republican senators, which i guess both sides, that's the way -- i didn't know that. where i come from they take you behind the barn and we'll have a conversation. i told him, harry, i'm not going to raise money to attack my friends and colleagues just because they have an r by their name. how do we expect to work

together if i'm working against them when they're in cycle? i said i'm not going to do that. of course i didn't win the popularity contest with harry either, but it sure felt like the right thing to do. equally important, it felt necessary that the senate was going to work on behalf of the people we needed to treat each other with respect. and i try to do that with everybody. i feel strongly about that. i signed an ethics pledge to never campaign again a sitting college. i have other colleagues sitting here that feel the same as i do and i'm looking for more signatures. i think it would be wonderful if we controlled ourselves and didn't campaign against each other. i'm persistent and am going to give it everything i've got for the next how many days i have. despite all this we achieved remarkable things over the past 14 years. we set a new standard for wild

and wonderful p west virginia. my colleague senator capito and i worked on so many things together. the new river gorge became a national park. we just agreed to acquire 2700 acres at the blackwater canyon, the most beautiful venue. we've been trying for 20 years to make this happen and it's final coming to fruition. the whole country can enjoy something, you can't believe how pretty it is. we're anxious to share west virginia with everybody. we maintain west virginia's status as an energy powerhouse. the mountain valley pipeline is flowing. berkshire hathaway has brought new facilities to west virginia and thousands of new clean energy jobs. success in west virginia is part of a larger american story of energy innovation and nndz. we've always been a powerhouse in energy. now we have wind and solar and battery storage. in 2023, america produced more energy than ever. i want you to hear this.

in 2023 we lead the world in energy production. 38 trillion -- 38 thousand cubic feet of natural gas produced, 4.7 trillion barrels of crude oil. 238 million megawatt-hours of solar, and a record 6.4 gigawatts of new batteries installed on the grid. nowhere in the world has that happened but here because of all of us. you can't eliminate your way to a cleaner environment. you can't eliminate, quit using something. you've got to innovate through technology. that's why we funded the regional hydrogen hubs and made sure one of them would be in appalachian region because that is where the powerhouse is. this is one time when california and west virginia agreed on the same thing. they were both in hydrogen hubs. a pothole doesn't care if you're a republican or democrat.

it's going to bust your tire. we need to do something about infrastructure. we did. by focussing on investing on roads, bridges and airports, pipelines and broadband and the infrastructure law which we should be proud of, we not only created jobs but we strengthened the very economic foundation of this nation. we had deferred maintenance for over 30 years but we got the job done. we secured 1.2 billion in broadband to make every resident have access to internet by the end of this decade. we have rough terrain to work in but they're going to get it. we finished funding for quarter h. it's been on the books since 1964. we think we're going to get it done. we've been working a long time at this. with the chips and science act the united states is bringing semiconductor p supply chains

home. we're supporting american innovation, manufacturing and advancing our national security. west virginia, like so many states, is one of the most patriotic states in the nation. we're home to many veterans and servicemembers today. to honor our veterans like each one of you, we fought to expand veterans access to health care and prevented the closure of v.a. facilities in west virginia. every day we work to improve lives of west virginians. we protected health insurance for people with preexisting conditions. for seniors, we established a multifaceted strategy to combat opioid epidemic. that is one thing that we haves to conquer. lastly, since day one in the united states senate, i have worked to be protect, and i want to repeat this, i have worked and i believe with every bone in my body and every fiber in me to preserve the bipartisan foundation of this senate and

that's the 60-vote threshold of the filibuster. i believe with everything in me. i do. each of those victories required senators to come together from both sides to find solutions many these were bills that just made commonsense. when each side could take a step to find common ground, powerful things happened. i have seen more than my share of missed opportunities. legislation that was overwhelmingly supported by the he american public, bills that would have improved the lives of millions of americans, immigration reform, background checks for gins, balancing -- for guns, too many opportunities to fix what is broke with america. not because of any disagreements we might have it. -- have had. these were missed because the politics got in the way of doing our job. it stopped us from doing it. i'm not saying dealing with politics is easy, it's not. it's messy at times.

i've had my share of tough votes, and at times i felt like -- i felt like the whole senate was united in being upset with me. so maybe we did -- maybe we were able to bring you together. i don't know, i tried. any time i was confronted with a tough decision, i know you've heard me say this, i rely on where i came from, how i with was raised and who raised me. i would tell them, i can't explain this back home, it doesn't make sense. i can't vote for it. please don't be upset. it's who i am. and you all have been tolerant at times. if it didn't make sense, i couldn't vote for it. we face stark realities today in the armed services committee, i asked mike mullin, i said what is the greatest threat facing our country. i'd been a governor and not in armed services, and i saw senators shaking their head. i was chomping at the bits.

what's he going to tell me? he never missed a minute. he said our national debt, which is more threatening than any country's military might will take us down first. the national debt will take us down as it has most developed nations in the world. let me tell you today our national debt is $36 trillion and i know there are senators who feel the same as i do, that breaks down to $104,000 for every man, woman and child in america. this is not sustainable. it's terrifying to think by the end of this fiscal year the u.s. will spend more on paying -- interest on our debt than we will to defend our country or help americans everywhere. more on the debt than anything else. our current immigration system is broken. our southern border is a disaster. we must secure our border and support legal immigration. you can't do one with without

the other. you have to be able to move forward. american leadership is standing with our allies and standing up against authoritarianism. we must support israel and ukraine. we have four countries of major concern that we talk about, china, russia, iran, and north korea. all of which are basically challenging the international rules-based order and they do not share our values no matter what we do or say and what we try to entice with them, it's not going to happen. they don't share our values. lastly, inflation is driving our high cost of living and it has to be addressed. we can't kick the can down the road any longer. there's nothing we can't solve if we just start working together. you may not know this, but one of my favorite memories from this place didn't happen in the senate chamber, it happened on the vote. a lot of things happened on the

vote. anyway, i had invited, like i've done a lot. we had senators coming down one day and they're walking down and tom harkin, a very progressive senator from iowa, good friend, and he said, first time i've been on the potomac river. lived here for 30 years and i said, good, tom, we'll have a beverage and get things going on. he saw ted cruz walking down the ramp to get on the boat. heed said i don't -- he said i don't think we can do this. i said, give it a shot. ted got on the vote and before you know it, they were talking, i don't know what they were talking about, it probably wasn't politics, but the next day they started working on some amendments together and doing legislation. and that's just the power of

sitting down and listening and getting to know each other and we don't do that much here. it's hard for us to get together. we know that. we need more of that in washington. i hope you all make an effort to visit with each other, spend a little bit of time. i'm not going anywhere, gang. the boat's still going to be there, call me whenever you want to come down, we'll get together, whatever you want. many of our differences pale in comparisons to the founding fathers, but they understood what was at stake and put their differences aside to put together something extraordinary. with we need to capture that spirit today. to my colleagues, ask yourself, what have i don't for my country today? what have you done, not for your party, donors, with you for -- but for your country? that is the purpose of being here. we have to stop demonizing each other, we have to argue, but not

personalities. george washington warned us about the dangers of the political parties defying our country over 200 years ago and we're living in the world he feared today. the easiest vote to take here is no. we all know that. you can retire pretty handsomely here if you vote no on everything. because you know why? there's never going to be a perfect bill you can always find something wrong. because half of the country is mad at it any way. if you -- you can get by with a no vote. this is a job where you take tough votes and get things done. the process has taught us that americans want to be for something. something that captures the hearts and captures the minds of people that give them something to live for. it's not enough to run against something or someone, be for something. as i look around the chamber and think back on the good times and

bad times, i want you to know i still believe in this system. i really do. i believe in the purpose of what we have. and basically the challenge that we have before us. i believe in the institution of democracy and the need to cherish it. we have created something special here in america and no one ever thought it could be done, especially 240 years and we still can do great things. we ask can have a military that has peace through strength while having compassion, we can have financial stability and prosperity while helping those around the world and people in need. you hear people talking about the american dream like it is a myth. like it's gone. we don't have it anymore. but i'm going to tell you this, i'm standing here, as many of you are here because of that american dream. you don't hear people chasing the china dream or the russian dream. i never heard anyone talk about the china or russian dream.

the american dream is unique. there's nothing like it. think about it. look around. there's nothing like what we've got. it's about freedom and opportunity and the belief if you work hard, play by the rules, you can live a good life and it is the only dream that allows your own destiny. thomas jefferson once said, i like the dreams of the future better than the history of the past. think about that. i like the dreams of the future better than the history of the past. i believe in our future, i believe in the american people, and i believe when we come together great things will happen. we're better because we put around us all of these wonderful people, these staff, as i look around many none of us could do it without them. i have staff currently with me and staff that have moved on and i can only say thank you, i love you.

and with that, they're the backbone, they do all of the hard work and they know that. and i try to say thank you as much as i can, i'm not good at it as much as i should be, but i think they know in their heart how i feel about them. i'm also here with the most important asset of my life, my wife gayle and my family, i have my children, my grandchildren, i have my brothers and sis ergs, my -- sisters, my brothers in law and sisters-in-law. without the support of our family, we couldn't do it. they put up with so much. i wondered why my uncle jimmy, who was a character, why he was missing at so many of the functions, he was always politicking somewhere. i thought woe are more important -- we are more important than that. and then i found i condemned him

for the same thing i was doing. so to my wife and all of you, i want to say, i love you, honey, i who have you all and -- i love you and all of my staff. if you are looking for staff, there are some good people here who you may want to talk to. most will be docked -- the boat will be docked here. any time you want a gathering, give me a call, we'll have a good time, we'll have the dancing and the music. and chuck said something, nice comments on the floor. but he left out one thing. every time we were on the boat, from lee greenwood, proud to be an american, we hug together in a circle. that's what it's all about. that's what the country needs right now, it needs more of us together, respecting each other, working together. so i would like to say this. god has blessed me and blessed

you with the opportunity to do something for a lot of people. they're counting on us and i think the challenges before you will be more daunting than ever before. i believe in you more than you believe in yourself. you are up for the challenge. i believe that. i will be rooting, screaming and hollering for my team. the r's and d's are my team. thank you for the honor of a lifetime to serve in i think the greatest deliberative body has known and ever will know, the united states senate. god bless america and god bless the united states senate.

the presiding officer: the senator from west virginia.

the presiding officer: the senator from west virginia. mrs. capito: yes, mr. president. a few of us have some remarks to make about the honored senator from west virginia, and when he's finished with his hugs, we'll continue.

all right, mr. president. i want to say to my friend, joe manchin, wonderful speech. had a lot of meaning for me as someone who knows you very well, but also to all of us. you've touched everybody's life in this room and many people beyond. so i just want to say a few words about my colleague and my friend, my fellow senator from west virginia. senator joe manchin. in just a few short weeks, senator manchin -- we all call him joe -- will be retiring from the senate. it's safe to say and he's already guaranteed us that it will not be the last time we hear from him. before he leaves i want to take a moment to highlight my perspective of his impressive and successful career for the country and particularly our state of west virginia. i would also like to acknowledge joe's better half gayle, up there, and his wonderful family. gayle has endumped all the hard work that comes with public service in her own right and i would like to personally thank her and both of them as a grate

couple but also a wonderful and beautiful family that you have. i'm so happy that they're here today. it seems like just like yesterday that jove was knocking e -- owe that joe was knocking on my door at 1010wilke drive in charleston, west virginia. he was there to measure the carpet in the house that i was oh owe my husband and i had just purchased as newlyweds. this was over 40 years ago. and he measured that carpet and he told me after i recounted the story to him later, he could lay that carpet today if he needed to. he's serving in his 14th year as united states senator. after serving our state in the house of delegates, in the state senate, secretary of state, as governor, we went through a couple of tragedies, really you tough tragedies when joe was our governor. i can say with maybe one exception, maybe my dad, they might be equal, itch' never seen such a compassionate,

empathetic, and effective governor during really, really tough times. so i'm going to miss working side by side with him but i know the relationship that we've built over these years will continue for years to come. joe has been the senior senator from west virginia for all of my ten years of my tenure and the reality is i got big shoes to fill here. and in case i forget that, joe reminds me of that every single day. sometimes we disagree, but when we disagree, we do it respectfully and on the merits. we might disagree. we don't become disagreeable. the next day we get up and fight for the things we both believe in. and that is to focus our energy on improving the lives of our neighbors. that's how joe sees his constituents. everybody's joe's neighbor. and that's what makes him a relentless advocate for our state. we share the same goals, all of us do, in mind in helping our states, our constituents, and in some ways joe and i served like

a tag team for our state. sometimes he shows up when i can't get there and fills in for me. i show up when he gets there and i can't get there and i'll fill in for him. then we can come from both -- we can do the double press, we come from the democrat side, the republican side. now we have the independent side so we can really press and what that does is having west virginia punching up our weight in the united states senate. it could be back in west virginia jobs, development, fighting for our coal miners, standing up for veterans or addressing the challenges that face our rural communities. joe has always led with conviction and a very steady hand. i don't have time to list all of the efforts and successes that we've been able to work on together and he's done many of these before i got here and way before i even became a senator. umwa pension bill. you mentioned that. new river gorge park and preserve, huge victory for us. economic development issues that

joe mentioned. bipartisan infrastructure law, mountain valley pipeline, appalachian -- it's interesting we have the same sort of recall of the things that we've been able to work on. jesse's law that joe really pushed through in memory of a friend -- a fellow state senator whose daughter lost her life in an overdose. so many, many more. he's enlisted me to help steer him sometimes to get the west virginia victories. i'm so proud of the accomplishments that we've had together. so thank you for that partnership, joe. it's really been important to me. aside from his love of our home state, joe possesses many other qualities worthy of a leader and a statesman. there's much to say about joe manchin. he's a dealmaker for sure. probably started as a salesman. yes. voice of reason, a defender as he said of senate traditions, and as "politico" said, the most powerful man in washington.

what do we think about that, joe? i assume joe would just as well want to be remembered as a good and steady friend. there are people in west virginia who say if you want a friend, get a dog -- i wasn't sure if i was asking to say that in light of your secretary saysor but i said it anyway. i assure you those folks have never met joe manchin. 20 years ago i joined an all-male, all-democrat west virginia delegation here in washington. i joked with joe that i forced them to get out of the male restroom so we could have a delegate meeting. but joe was always a warm and welcoming presence. he always picks up the phone if you need to chat. he's always ready for a joke, that's for sure, and he's been a shoulder to lean on during personal times. when he was governor, joe and gayle manchin invited my whole family back to the governor's mansion where my parents had lived for 12 years to show us around. it was a really special evening. it was a simple and kind gesture

that meant a lot to our whole family. especially my mom and dad. years later at my father's funeral, joe delivered the eulogy and talked about his good friend, my dad, who joe always called chief. joe's always been there for every west virginia family. i'll note that sometimes joe can be just a bit too present. when i'm home in west virginia, he's sometimes like a shadow -- i won't even tell about the last time i saw you. he's sometime like a shadow i can't shake. one night many christmases ago, i was running out of the house with my husband, charlie, and we were late for somewhere we needed to go but the door bell rings. i open the door. it's a group of christmas carollers and lo and behold, there is joe manchin singing christmas carols. i don't know. they must have needed a baritone. i don't know what happened.

but he's always there, even when you don't know when you really need him. and my colleagues can testify he has more energy than anybody i've ever met. he's everywhere. he's always traveling. always has that leg going, too. i've noticed that. and he's always going fast. he has a predigious led foot, one i personally experienced myself riding in motorcycles and in cars with him while traversing the country roads of west virginia. there was the one time we were traveling home late at night together. we had just -- going into beckly and he turned to joe and said, have you ever been stopped for speeding and he said more times than you'd want to know. the reason i asked is i saw the light in the rearview mirror. here he comes. the trooper leans in, takes one look at joe and says hey governor. joe leans over to me and says, look who i got over here. and the trooper says, just be careful going on up the turnpike

but before i leave, can i take a selfie with the two of you. we haven't seen that. i happened to believe every man or woman lucky enough to be elected to the senate embodies the unique qualities of his or her state. that is joe in a nutshell. an honest, caring, hardworking individual with a bit of west virginia appetite for exciting and dangerous. that's because joe's roots run deep in west virginia. he's west virginian through and through. never does his gaze wonder from what he sees as his moral obligation to improve the lives of west virginians. joe's love of the mountain state is the engine that powered his pursuit of public office. and i'm sure it will continue to power his efforts once he leaves. joe may be leaving us but i suspect his presence will continue to be felt in the many lasting relationships he has created over the years of his public service. i'm even more certain that joe

will always be available for that phone call. so congratulations again, joe. it's been a privilege to serve with you. and thank you for everything you've done for our state and our nation. we're very appreciative. ms. collins: mr. president. the presiding officer: the senator from maine. ms. collins: mr. president, senator joe manchin often recalls these words of wisdom from his grandmother. people don't care how much you know until they know how much you care. knowledge and caring define joe's public service, both here in the senate and as governor of his beloved west virginia.

he is always knowledgeable on the issues and offers practical solutions to real problems. he cares so deeply and so personally about the people he serves and just as important, about the values that define america. with our nation increasingly polarized by extremists on both the far left and the far right, joe is something that we need more of, an extreme moderate. as fiercely independent as the people of the mountain state, he has demonstrated time and again the strength to stand against the destructive trend of hyper partisanship.

for joe understands that politics is the art of compromise. he knows that working with those on opposite sides of an issue, figuring out what matters most to each side, and negotiating in good faith produces the best legislation that will withstand the test of time. joe has been such a positive force throughout his senate service. in 2013 he was among the first senators to join in forging an agreement to end a destructive government shutdown that was causing so much harm to our economy and to the faith of the american people who deserved to have their government operating. it was a courageous act for a

freshman senator, but he did it because it was the right thing to do. in his firm stand which we heard about again today against eliminating the filibuster, we see another example of his courage and respect for this hallowed institution. he understands that this long-standing tradition of the senate protects the rights of the minority and produces better legislation because it forces us to work together. joe has also been such a dear friend. and it has been a privilege to work closely with him on so many vital issues. after the turmoil following the 2020 election, we joined together to lead the bipartisan negotiations that produced the

electoral count reform act. joe was also, as we heard from his colleague from west virginia, one of the ten senators who negotiated the historic infrastructure investment and jobs act, the most significant investment in american infrastructure since the establishment of the interstate highway system in the 1950's. he was vital in securing that long, overdue victory for the american people. being an extreme moderate is not a job for the faint of heart. it means taking a lot of inning -- lot of incoming fire from both sides of the political spectrum. but senator joe manchin never

flinches. and he always puts progress and problem solving ahead of partisanship. it has been such an honor to work closely with joe on countless issues and to call him my dear friend. and, yes, i have had some wonderful times on that boat. the details of which will remain forever sealed. i wish him and his wonderful wife, gayle, all of the best in the years to come. and i just have to say, joe, i will miss you so much. thank you, mr. president.

a senator: mr. president. the presiding officer: the senator from wyoming. mr. barrasso: mr. president, i join my colleagues in rising to congratulate senator manchin on his highly successful and impactful career representing his home state of west virginia in the united states senate. we know he's served for 14 years and, mr. president, over the last four years he and i served together -- and he served with great distinction as the chairman of the energy and natural resources committee. i had the honor to work side by side with him as the ranking member of that committee. and i would just like to say that senator manchin has has been a terrific partner -- has been a terrific partner to work with. on issue after issue, joe manchin has demonstrated a resolute commitment to bipartisanship. during his senate career, he has honored the most defining and sacred traditions of this very

body. under his leadership, we have enacted important legislation, bipartisan in nature, that will make america and our allies stronger in not just the years but the decades to come. working together, we enacted the nuclear fuel safety act, legislation to rebuild america's nuclear fuel supply chain. we renewed the compact for free association to ensure that america does not cede ground to china in the indo-pacific. and we enacted a ban on the imports of russian uranium to choke off the funds that putin has used for his war machine. and in july, this very july under his leadership we did what very few people thought was possible -- we actually advanced permitting reform legislation with broad bipartisan support, passing the committee 15-4. none of this would have happened

without joe manchin's patience, his persistence, and his perseverance. so i want to express my personal gratitude to joe manchin and to his entire family. i want to thank him for working with republicans. i want to thank him for his steadfast support of the filibuster. and i want to thank him for putting the american people and this united states senate ahead of any personal or party interests. i know i speak for many, and it was an astounding number of people, senators on the senate floor for his farewell address. when i say we are indebted to him and we're going to miss him. he did important work in this body. he passed impactful legislation, and he leaves us with important lessons for the future. we'll miss you. we wish you the very, very best. thank you, mr. president. . the presiding officer: the

senator from virginia. mr. warner: mr. president, i want to make sure we give a little bit of the democratic response. i had the opportunity to get to know joe and gayle, lisa and i did, when they were governors and joe gave this incredibly moving, important speech. he left out one small part because when he was making the decision to leave -- gayle, as you know, he's described as the best job ever, he called me. and i said, joe, come here and we can do a whole lot of things. and i say to my republican colleagues, he was that independent streak from his first caucus meeting. we had our caucus lunch.

you know, he did not adhere to the freshmen should be seen but not speak. so he got up early on in the lunch and was already complaining about the job. he sat down and i swear to goodness, gayle, we talked about this -- and he got up for a second time because he wanted to remind us that when he was governor of the great state of west virginia, he had two airplanes, a helicopter, and was in control of the whole national guard. and now he's reduced to a junior senator. over the years, he has reminded me often of that call when, as people talked, he sometimes would complain about the process or what was happened to be

happening this week or that week on the floor. and as has been echoed by everyone else, one of the things that joe always stood for and has always been about is this notion we ought to reason together. we have been in more groups or gangs or whatever description you want to have of a bipartisan association. whenever that has happened, in his 14 years in the senate, he has been involved in every one of them. and the list of accomplishments that you laid out and your colleagues, our friends from the republican side laid out, that's a remarkable body of work, and it is a tribute not only to your staff, your family, it's also a tribute to the great people of west virginia and quite honestly, this country is better because of your bipartisan work in the united states senate.

and i join with all of who love you and your -- and i join with all who love you and your family. we know you're not going far. we join efforts of you bringing us together in the future. you're actually glad you cmade that change to come in this body. west virginia is better bore it. this country is better for it. i know it has been a challenge sometimes for the family. but i know they are incredibly proud of the work you've done. i yield the floor. mr. romney: mr. president. the presiding officer: the senator from utah. mr. romney: mr. president, i'm not going to take long because i know we're delayed from a vote, but i had the privilege of working with this young man from west virginia for some time. as a matter of fact, as the chairman of the environment and natural resources committee, he took responsibility for

overseeing the national parks. he'd never been to the state that has five of them, the state of utah. so i invited he and his wife gayle to come visit us in utah and visit some of our national parks. and we walked together and hiked together and he made sure gayle was able to make it through all of the rocks and crevices and see the beauty of our great land, one more state. but i've come to know this man not just by virtue of his physical prowess but pass a man of character. and a number of people have spoken about the legislation he's worked on, and we worked together on several pieces of legislation an accomplished a great -- and accomplished a great deal. but that what has stood out with my experience with joe manchin is he is a man of principle and character. and my life's lesson has been that one person of conscience and character can change a whole

nation. and joe has had that kind of influence on the people of his state and the people around him, the people in this body, and the people even in our nation. so i salute, along with my colleagues, the great senator from the state of west virginia, joe manchin. thank you, my friend. the presiding officer: the senator from west virginia. mr. manchin: i want to thank each and every one of my colleagues, all of you. and it's been an honor of a lifetime. it truly has been. and it's something that i will take with me for the rest of my life and my family will, too. but i really mean this. i think there's so many good people that are serving here and that have served here, will continue to serve in honor, dignity, respect, and making sure that we do the job we're elected to do. with that, let me say to all of you -- thank you for the kindness you've shown me, the friendship. i'm not a big dog persons so i

needed each one of you to be my friend. i appreciate that so much. i with aens to ask unanimous consent -- i want to ask unanimous consent that i can enter into the record a list of all my staff for the last 14 years into the record. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. manchin: and again i say thank you. god bless you for the opportunity and experience of a lifetime. and i love each and every one of you. the presiding officer: the senator from maryland. mr. cardin: mr. president, joe, we're letting you have the last word here. on behalf of the majority leader, i ask the chair to execute the order of november 20 with respect to the weilheimer nomination. the presiding officer: the clerk will report. nomination. the clerk: nomination, the judiciary. gail a. weilheimer of pennsylvania to be united states district judge for the eastern district of pennsylvania. the presiding officer: the question is on the nomination.

is there a sufficient second? there appears to be. the clerk will call the roll. vote: the clerk: ms. baldwin.

those elders who made almost 15,000 handmade ornaments that will decorate the string companion trees during the holiday. it came about with an excitement of the delivery of a promise and a promise that we will hear reflected when roseburg reads her essay. to be selected from all of the 4th graders that participated,

to give her thoughts about what this dream means and i would read the whole essay but it's not fair to rose. congresswoman to toll it took the exact words that i wanted to highlight as reminder that it's a tree that comes from far away from the farthest northern state we are united in love for our country. it's beautiful to celebrate the holidays and to wish a merry christmas and to be here in our nation's capital with a beautiful piece of alaska in front of us. god bless. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen the citizens.

>> good evening everyone. we are so excited to be here this evening to share our tree with you. my. english name is reese and i will introduce myself in our language. [speaking in native tongue] i am ego i am killer whale. we honor our mothers and our grandmothers and my father was of the seepage in people and i'm honored to serve as the tribal administrator for the association which is a local tribal government. i am honored to introduce lou on my right and on the tribal council and her mother of the

eagleton rangel and sandy churchill is on our tribal council and she's the grand camp president of the alaska native sisterhood a significant organization that brought about their citizenship in alaska and then we have greg churchill and the crowd and i wanted no attempt on our tribal council and we have mike. he is a leader at totem carver and one of the artists that created the capitol christmas tree logo. we are honored that the capitol christmas tree comes from the homeland in rangel, alaska. for the people that trees our life givers and they are how we create our canoes our homes and our totems which tell our story. they are a connection to our ancestors and they show our love for our children and those who come after us and i just want to echo what senator murkowski said

about our teaching through technology students. i'm so proud of them and i see a couple of them in the front row here. for creating the first tree across the country to be in the wonderful shape that it's in today. our culture is about balance reciprocity and respect. thank you for allowing us to share part of ourselves love and respect of the nation's capital by sharing our life giver with you. we are going to succeed with love. i will hand the microphone over and he will explain our blessing. [speaking in native tongue]

it's an honor for all of us to be here and we are just so thankful that we get to be part of this process and is seen as their every step of the way. something i think that is common throughout all of alaska and the alaska native culture is whether you are in the north or the southwest in the interior or in the aleutian islands and the southeast it's just a respect and honor for those who take care of us and an acknowledgment that life can be fragile and it can be crashes. when we take from the world around us we had to be thankful and show respect for what we are doing. so part of that process involves when we take down things liketl trees, it's talking to the tree people and to let them know we are making sure that our tools

are sharp so that the pain will be minimized and that we will lay out blankets in black bearskins for it to fall down onto and we are spreading our good intentions and love and peace for the tree people as well as the people that are working with the trees and to talk with the tree people and let them know why we are doing this and what we are doing it for. for this particular tree i think it was an honor to note that this is going to be going acros, the country and seeing the video last night of all the people across, the country is having a great time and i want to acknowledge all the people that have played a role in this process whether the students or everyone at the forest service and everyone here in d.c. that is helped with that process of planning. it's been an honor to see all of the happy faces it to me that embodies that phrase to put on

the bottom of the logo of peace, joy and happiness. we are going to sing two songs in the first one is going to be a paddle song to acknowledge the journey that this went through and we will sing a welcome song to welcome the tree to d.c. and welcome all of you folks. ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪

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[applause] >> ladies and gentlemen the honorable mike johnson, speaker of the united states house of representatives. thank you so much. i don't know how to follow that. that was amazing and thank you for sharing data that and thank you so much moore and ms. austin and our friends from the tribe. thank you. thank you governor dunleavy and i know it's not a short trip from alaska so we want to thank our friends who came this long wait to be here. thanks also to alaska's extraordinary delegation in congress your senators and your members of congress who make great sacrifices to serve an

extraordinary date and one of our favorite and a great thing to share the culture of alaska tonight on capitol hill. i want to reiterate our thanks to the the tribe made history possible to get it here 4000 miles but it's awesome. fred austin and john schenk i'm told and it hasn't been mentioned but i think john made the same trip the last time alaska have the tree here and i'm not sure how many people in the history of united states have made that track twice but that's really something and we are grateful for their hard work. [applause] we love this event every year and it's a great celebration for all the reasons that have been stated. this tree is placed in front of the capitol we remember that this is the peoples house and that means that this tree is truly the people's tree. this holiday season more than 100,000 tourists spoke to her the halls of this monument to

our great republic and as they leave and stand of the national mall and you'll feel to see the tree all the way down the mall and it will be well decorated with lights and ornaments. the likes of this tree symbolizes the likes of this season. as it's been mentioned the light of hope and happiness and tradition a life of joy that comes with having meals with family and friends in the light of gratitude that comes with reflecting on the blessings of the year that has passed in as we dedicate this tree we look up to see the stars and it's a start not unlike the one that guided the three wise men to bethlehem thousands of years ago. these wise men looked at the star in the east and filled with faith and hope and love. they looked beyond the kings of the earth to see the birth of the king of kings of nazareth. it's the duty as representing

the people to follow those examples and look up for wisdom and look to our creator who is so greatly lest our nation and look to him for guidance as we pursue the unity and the well-being of this great and beautiful nation. president ronald reagan once observed quote of all the kings and of all the parliament that ever sat none have done as much to advance the cause of honor and goodwill to all men as the king and because their country seeks peace and because we seek the good of this nation we often reflect the of peace in the way we live our own lives and disowned who shine a light even in the of places. for much of her nation's history christmastime families have gathered in their homes around the christmas tree to open presents in their churches and to celebrate and have a gathered in front of fireplaces and pews with the hope is kindled in the faith is inspired and it's also

where we feel most closely those who are not with us to servicemembers who are stationed overseas to defend our freedom and the americans who were held hostage by a dark regime and in the face of that darkness we invoke the power of for those who find the season bittersweet. we asked they be filled with the warmth of love the promise of peace on earth and goodwill toward all of me when they look at the light of his christmas tree with the candles of the menorahs on their mantle they be filled with love. i would be wrong to light this tree of own and i need the help of someone who knows where this tree comes from far better than i do. you've heard a lot about ms. rowe's burke. i'm going to ask her to join me on the stage. will you come up here ms. rowe's? come over here. give her a round of applause. [applause] you have heard roses the winner of the capitol christmas tree

essay contest and she comes to us all the way from -- he has corrected me twice tonight. she has one of 12 brothers and sisters and everything is bigger in alaska as was said and you made guests for all of them. we are going to ask rose to share the essay that allowed her to win this contest video critic quoted twice in the tear from the author herself. one more hand for rose berg. [applause] this amazing christmas tree is from my home state, alaska. just like alaska it's big and beautiful. it's from the national forest in southeast alaska. this tree represents all of

alaska. the state of alaska is known for its forest, gorgeous mountains and beautiful brush. people from all over our country come to see our wildlife. ferocious bears migrating caribou breaching whales and bald eagles. people from all over the country come to our nation's capital washington d.c.. when they see this majestic christmas tree they will be reminded of our northern state. we are united in love for our country. a christmas tree brings joy to our hearts and made this christmas tree filled the hearts of those who seek it with extreme joy and hope for the future of the united states of america. [cheers and applause]

thee we are going to like this together. are you going to help me with this? rose that was fantastic. you deserve this honor and i would just say when i was in fourth grade i could not speak that well. you are really really great. we are so grateful you made this journey all the way down here. we don't want to wait any longer. would you all join me and we will do a countdown from five down to one and rose and i are going for she is going to flipped the switch here. ready? five, four, three, too one, there you go. [cheers and applause] ♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪

♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ [applause] ladies into him and the honorable tom austin, architect of the capitol. >> all right a good evening great remarks thank you for coming to the ceremony and joining speaker johnson and the alaska delegation the forest service the u.s. air force band and around the applause for the band two. [applause] in the course our youth christmas tree lighter roseburg.

in lighting the christmas tree this tree will be lit from dusk until 11:00 p.m. each night from now until january 1. we encourage you to come back and see the end and all of its splendor. have a good night and a safe and joyful holiday season. thank you all. [applause] ladies and gentlemen this concludes the ceremony. thank youe for attending the united states capital christmas tree lighting ceremony. vote:

[inaudible conversations] hello everybody. i'm happy to be joined by her new leadership team senator

durbin and senator klobuchar in senator booker and i hope all of you had a great thanksgiving. my mom is 96 and we all went to my brothers house in connecticut she saw all of her children, her grandchildren and her great-grandchildren and i hope everyone else had the same happy thanksgiving. as you may know today senate democratic caucus voted unanimously on our new leadership team for the 119th congress. i know that this leadership will help lead our caucus for this time of rebuilding, reflection to help serve the american people. serving as leaders has been one of the greatest honors of our lives. and a large part of that honor is my caucus and inspiring group of people and i love them. they work hard they have different views. everyone talks to each other and

we respect each other and over the last four years when i've been the majority leader we have had one of the most successful senate in decades and that's an large part because of our caucus and i appreciate that very much. we don't agree on everything and we have different philosophies and different backgrounds and every single one of them strives for unity and that's one of the reasons i said we have been successful and after four years of the most productive consequential years the senate has had in decades it's galvanized by faith in this chamber's ability to get things done for the country even when there's division. most of the major bills we have passed the bills like chips and big bills like ira, except ira big bills like infrastructure and gun safety and game marriage was done in a bipartisan way. that's the message for the new senate to get things done and

get the most things done in a bipartisan way. senate democrats will continue to dedicate every ounce of our strength focusing determination to fight and deliver for the american people. as you may know yesterday i sent a letter to incoming republican leader thune urging him to uphold the senate's constitutional duty to provide advice and consent on the senate nominations. we are ready to work with the republicans on the nomination process. each nominee is do the same fair and thorough consideration. the previous nominees of both parties no matter who is president have received. let me repeat what we need to happen is for all the nominees to go through the same process that past nominees have gone there in the senate regardless of party including a full fbi

background investigation and senate review that they had to let the senate know what they found. hold hearings where we get to ask the nominees questions in the course the senate and we will let that process unfold. senator durbin. >> it's an honored to be chosen by my colleagues who served as would have been a hundred 19th congress and i want to thank and congratulate senator schumer for the unified caucus meeting today that led to this decision and we will move together effectively in the past and we will continue to. happy to have my colleague senator klobuchar senator booker is part of this. it's like to repeat what chuck schumer said about the process. mark my words you can't do a speed dating process for president of united states

without any depth embarrassed and things only discovered by a thorough background investigation. they would float the names to the fbi for possible people for the cabinet for a cursory investigation to see if there's anything they missed and if that came up comes up they'd announce it publicly ended deep dark fbi investigation would ensue. the suggestion by some as we will do away with that and some have suggested that in the committee will take a look at it. the judiciary committee does not have the resources of the fbi would want to make certain the people serving this country at the highest most sensitive positions have no background problems and that will jeopardize the service to this country. that's not too much to ask the many to senators privately of spoken with me and said my goodness we can't do away with the fbi check. they won't say it publicly for

obvious reasons but we have two stand for what senator schumer said yesterday that process has served us so well under previous administrations and previous president and had to be honored. we can do our. job in and diligent fashion. senator klobuchar. >> thank you so much chuck and thank you to this incredible team to chuck and to dig into cory. he and i are both running for president at one point and it may or may not be true that we wrote notes to each other during debate across the podium. i will never do do that to chuck under your leadership. i want to first of all talk about what i hope to bring to this and that is that i am someone that believes you need to stand your ground and find

common ground and look for solutions to the american people are crying out for those solutions. i truly appreciate how chuck has emphasized that is part of our goal for the coming year. that we must chart a course to bring the american people what they need and what they want. the same time we had to stand their ground. my colleague mentioned these nominees and the thought that we require fbi checks for prosecutors in the u.s. attorneys office in minnesota or fbi agents in new jersey and these people who are nominated to these agencies wouldn't have the same kind of background review given to us which is our constitutional duty to advise and consent and our jobs to protect and uphold and support and defend the constitution and that's the oath what we taken to exercise that both we must have

that information when we look at these nominees but in addition some of these other policies would be across-the-board terrace for the additional tax cuts for the wealthy are things that are not in the best interest and we don't have the backs of the american people when they do that so i'm looking forward to a spirited debate with our colleagues and always trying to use it as a touchstone that we will find common ground. i'm going to miss my but he's in the background all sitting together for over a decade in that's bob casey and jon tester and sherrod brown. and we are all together in one room. at the same time i know in a number of our races in u.s. senate thanks to chuck's leadership people that worked on these races that are incredible senators we were able to win those races in michigan in arizona and nevada and wisconsin. and in many ways when you look at this election we defied gravity.

we defied gravity that's right and that is what we will continue to do in terms of reaching out to these people and the voters who maybe didn't hear us as well as they should have and that's why i'm so excited to be working with them. >> i want to thank chuck schumer go ahead. i want to thank chuck schumer. it's been incredible for the last four years to work with him and to be included in the lot of the important work of this caucus. the fedexed or nareg four years of accomplishment with joe biden as the president leader of the senate the modern-day lbj -- lbj. he and i had conversations over this last year and for him to

invite me to be part of leadership and for him to trust me in the new role as extraordinary so i want to give him my gratitude and the fellow members of my caucus by affirmation that i can play a role and i look forward to serving on the caucus and the larger mission of advancing our country and advancing the agenda that is focused on americans. thank you. questions. [inaudible] >> i've got nothing for you on that. >> can i follow up on that? s.t.e.m. as i said i have nothing for you on that. [inaudible] thank you i've got nothing for you on that.

>> you talked about the january january 6 entity not establish a precedent >> i've got nothing for you on that. any other subjects? any other subjects? other subjects, funding? go ahead. we are trying to get to see are and we are making good progress on it and hopefully we will get things done by the 20th deadline. i'm confident that will happen. on funding. [inaudible] absolutely not in the report never said it. [inaudible] we we are trying to get it done but the problem is on the

republican side and the republican speaker in the majority and republican minority leader have different views on the top line. until they resolve that we can't get it done. hopefully they will do it by next week. thank you everybody.

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♪♪ ♪♪ ♪♪ mr. president thank you very much. it's good to see you again. i joked with your earlier when i said we biden's are like poor relatives. we show up when we aren't invited to stay longer than we

should and eat all your food and we don't know when to go home. you've been very generous and hospitable. thank you. i'm proud, very proud to be the first american president to visit angola and am deeply proud of everything we have done together to transform our partnership thus far. there's so much we can do. results so far speak for themselves. building in ocean to ocean access railway to connect the continent from west to east for the first time in history. investing in solar energy projects in health angola generate 75% of its clean energy by next year by next year. upgrading the internet and committee patients infrastructure to connect all of angola's high-speed networks in doing that at home ourselves. i compared to when franklin roosevelt took electricity to

rural america it's hard to get by it these days. in business or ranching or anything else without knowing what's going on and when to sell your product is critical. and increasing our agricultural production so that angle lens can feed themselves and quite frankly the rest of the world making a profit doing it providing opportunity in providing muscle to your economy. increased agriculture production cannot only so they can feed themselves but it's hard for people in the country that only have the borders of the pacific and atlantic oceans understand that and it's hard to get a product from one country to another. you can't get there to get their not only to help those people that you help yourself to grow your economy.

and you've heard me say before mr. president the united states is all in on america, all in on. and i think it's a testament to that the assertion i made tea when i saw you that i have made public to you before. you've heard me say it before but the united states is all in on angola and my administration alone has invested over $3 billion in angola this far. the future of the world is here in in angola. during this visit i look forward to discussing how we keep insuring democracy delivers for people. if there is no democracy they don't think they are part of the deal and we have worked hard to establish a democracy. and secondly how can we help those strong ties between our

nations and our businesses and our people? there's a lot to say on all of this and we are prepared and well on our way to answering a lot of those questions. i think you should understand the extent to which we are prepared. as i said to the president hours, we don't think because we are bigger and we are more powerful or smarter we don't think we have all the answers. we are prepared to hear your answers particularly interested international debt financing in a range of other things we are prepared to discuss. thank you very much for your personal welcome and they want to thank all of your colleagues for treating us so well since we have been here and i mean it from the bottom of my heart the future of the world is in. that's not hyperbole. they are going to be a billion people very shortly on this

continent a very diverse continent and another 20 years will be the largest country and economy in the world. so you need to succeed. the more you succeed the more we succeed and the more the world succeeds so thank you for being willing to talk to me and i look forward to a long relationship. thank you very much. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] are nationals -- nations original -- a bloody civil war that nearly tore my nation the park and a long battle with jim crow in the 1960s and the

civil rights and voting rights movement which involve public life to which american cities were burned. to the still unfinished reckoning of injustice in my country today. historians believe people of angola account for a significant number of the shift to america. today millions of african-americans have roots in angola. as i said at the u.s. leaders summit held in washington two years ago are people have a deep and profound connection that forever find and the united states together paid we remember the stolen men women and children who are brought to our shores in and subjected to unimaginable cruelty. here with us today are three americans who are direct descendents of -- the first enslaved americans.

wanda tucker hamilton virginia. are you there? there you are wanda. and her brother vincent [applause] and carlita as well put thank you for being here. we are going to write history not erase history. we have learned this family history on the dinner table and that led to wanda to angola few years ago. she didn't speak the language but that didn't matter. when she arrived she felt something profound like she had come home and that was her comment. she called it the connection without words. ladies and a woman i'm here today to honor that connection between our people and to pay tribute to the generations of angolans in american families like the talkers who have served in government for over 50 years. i know i only look like i'm 40

years old. i've been around and i to admit it for 50 years. but in that 50 years i've learned a lot. most importantly have learned while history can be hidden in cannot and should not be erased. it should be faced. it's our duty to base our history the good, the bad and the the whole truth. that's what great nations do. that's why he chose to speak here at the national acm here today just as they toured it and that's why your presence visited the museum of african-american culture in washington d.c. the second most visited museum in the state. and he did today few years ago. he saw what i see a stark contradiction between my countries founding principals of liberty justice and equality in the way we long treated people of angola and throughout. i've often said america is the

only nation in the world founded on an idea. most countries are based on race or religion jogger for your summer the attribute that the united states is founded on an idea one embedded in our declaration of independence that all men and women are created equal and deserve to be treated equally throughout their lives. it's abundantly clear today we have not lived up to that ideal but we have never fully walked away from it either. that's true in no small part to the determination and dreams of african-americans including angolans americans proud to help build my nation as they rebuild their own families and their own sense of self to they were the forbearers as well resilient faithful even hopeful hopeful the joy would come as it says in the hopeful that our past would not be the story of our future

and hopeful in time the united states would write a different story in partnership with the people who were brought here in from a story of mutual respect and mutual progress. that's the history that brings me here for but the first american president ever to visit angola. over time and i'm proud to be. [applause] over time the relationship between our countries has been transformed from a distance to warmth to build a relationship the strongest it's ever been put out my presidency it's been my goal in the golden state to build a strong partnership with the people of the nation across the continent of. true partnerships and achieving shared goals of bringing to bear the dynamism of america's private-sector and expertise of our government to support aspirations of entrepreneurs

experts and leaders inside and outside of government because we know the challenges that the finest demand leadership. one in four human beings on earth will live in by 2050 and ingenuity determination of young in particular like the young society that is here today will be undeniable forces in that human progress. that's why i'm so lost amid -- optimistic because that generation in no small part will be in their hands in and the hands of people across to expand access to clean energy tackle threats of global health to grow the middle class and in many ways is and will be the world's success and as i said at the u.s.-africa summit united states is all in on africa's future.

two years ago i pledged to deliver $55 million in new investments in and to mobilize american business to close new deals with partners. two years ago we are ahead of schedule. more than 20 heads of u.s. government agencies and members of my cabinet have traveled to delivering over $40 billion in investments thus far and we have announced nearly 1200 new business deals between african-american companies and american companies worth $52 billion including investments in solar energy, telecom global finance infrastructure in partnership with american airlines to expand opportunities for tourism so you don't have the fly to paris to get here. although paris is pretty nice. here in angola united states has

invested $3 billion during my short presidency. we see the bond between our countries across sectors from clean energy health care to sports. american basketball association launched basketball week and angola is the reigning champion. [applause] we see the impact of american culture across culture across the american culture or music to entertainment to fashion to art and so much more. student exchanges between our countries are essential and must increase. students in both countries can be better understanding one another if they know the countries and they've been to the countries i've been educated in other countries and increased that connection makes a big difference. being all in on means making sure voices are heard at the things that matter the most.

we brought in the union as a permanent member in the g20 economy and we insisted on more representation among the monetary fund and other world financial institutions. we will push to ensure the that developing nations do not, do not to choose between paying down unsustainable debt and being able to invest in their own people. we are using our own voice to increase africa's presence in the u.n. security council and the united nations. that should happen. you can clap for that, folks. you should be a map. [applause] the united states continues to be the world's largest provider of humanitarian aid and development assistance and that's going to increase. you know that's the right thing for the world to do and today i'm announcing over $1 billion in humanitarian support for displaced from homes by historic

droughts and food insecurity. [applause] leaders and citizens are seeking more than just a bit seeking investment for united states is expanded our relationship across from assistance to aid. investments in trade from patrons to partners to help bridge the infrastructure gap and i was told by the way when i got elected i could never get an infrastructure bill passed because the last guy eight years saying next month, for your same next month. guess what we have done it. $1,300,000,000,000 of infrastructure. [applause] to narrow the digital divide driving sustainable economic growth and partners understand the right questions in 2024 is not what can the united states do for the people of is what can we do together for the people of.

[applause] nowhere in is a more exciting than here in angola. it starts with our partnership is stronger more more effective than at any point in history. the president had the vision to carry out this relationship to carry this relationship forward and it's a testament to angolans citizens across civil society who have forged strong bonds with your american counterparts and together we are engaged in a major joint project to close the infrastructure gap with the benefit of angola. across the continent americans and the world will all benefit as you have benefited. you can produce much more agriculture and you will increase longevity and increase your impact and profit. building railroad lines in zambia and the drc and

ultimately all the way to the atlantic ocean to the indian ocean. will be the first transcontinental railroad in the biggest american rail investment outside of america and i want to tell you i'm proud of the most pro rail guy in america. i have written over 1,300,000 miles on a daily basis to my work 220 miles a day for the last 50 years. i didn't do it as president because i stayed in the white house but all kidding aside folks we can do this, we can do this. it's in our power. not only to generate employment. allow individual countries to maximize their own domestic resources for the benefits of their people and self-critical minerals of power energy transformation in their fight against climate change. to transport them at her for action of the time in the lower cost. a shipment that took over 45 days will not take 45 hours.

a game-changer and increases profit and opportunities. he represents the right way to advance in full partnership with the country and its people but is part of this project we will install in the clean energy power to power hundreds of thousands of homes expand high-speed internet for millions of angolans which is as consequential today as electricity was two generations ago. we are investing in agriculture and food security filling the needs of countries without agriculture capacity expanding opportunities for countries growing crops and farmers across to new markets expanding opportunity to prosperity and you doing that. united states understands how we invest in is as important as how much we invest and in too many

places the so-called investment was made we were so coming home on a dirt road without electricity and villages without schools in the city without a hospital in the country under crushing debt. we seek a better way, transparent high standard open access to investment to protect workers and the rule of law and the environment. it can be done and it will be done. [applause] folks, the partnership between angola and the united states also extends to supporting peace and security in this region and beyond. i want to thank the president for his leadership in mediation and i want to thank him for angola for speaking out against russia's unprovoked war against ukraine. it matters. it matters when leaders speak out. ladies and gentlemen as you know

i'm in the final weeks of my presidency. you don't have the clout for that. you can if you want. but i wanted to come to angola although i've been chairman of the african-american subcommittee for a long time but i never made it to angola. i don't know exactly what the future will hold i note that future runs through angola, for and i mean that sincerely. [applause] i'm not kidding. of any nation that wants to thrive must work as partners with workers entrepreneurs and businesses here in. i know the connection between our communities are universities are sports are civil society our families are people will only grow deeper. we to stay focused. to nations with a shared history and in human to nations on opposite sides of the cold war in the late part of the 20th century and now to nations standing shoulder-to-shoulder

working together every day for the mutual benefit of our people. it's a reminder that no nation may be the adversary of another trait it's a testament to the human capacity for reconciliation and prove that from the of war there is a way forward. i stand here today and i mean that sincerely and i'm deeply optimistic and by the way 20 years ago when i was the senator had a cranial aneurysm and they got me to the hospital in time. i've remember asking the doctor and he is at your chances are good. it's about 30%. he was deciding whether or not it was congenital or environmental and i said i don't care. do you know what your problem is senator you are congenital optimist. i am at the possibility of

progress lies just beyond the horizon. together we can and will look at the highest aspirations of her our people. we have remember who we are and we are angolans and americans and as i often sit in the american people there's nothing, nothing beyond their capacity for work together in today i say to the people of angola and the people of there's nothing beyond their capacity if we do it together. thank you and god bless you and keep you all safe. thank you, thank you, thank you and thank you for waiting. [applause] thanks everybody. i really mean it. you were very patient. [applause] ..

welcome everybody. glad you are all here. we have the administrator with us, every hand that probably feels like the 24th time probably six or seven times that we appreciate very much your doing it.

i'm very familiar figure to all of us for a hot second we will remind everybody that david mccloskey's in his second term as tsa administrator appointed by president trump reappointed by president biden. we are grateful for your continued service. you will all recall he had a long and distinguished career in the coast guard 33 was in the coast guard. and his last posting was a vice commandant. spent time in the private sector. all that is great and wonderful. the thing i love so much about david is his true commitment to partnership and working with industry. working with organizations like ours and others around town. i think there's something in the coast guard dna that drills partnership in to the essence of

how they operate. it is made a huge, huge difference. so david, thank you very much for the ongoing partnership. very grateful for. the first hard-hitting question of the morning, how did you do so great on thanks giving trouble? what suite it's a growth all of you perhaps echo that partnership. noam element of the aviation system can do as well as we collectively do if we are trying to do it alone. airports, air carriers, other partners in the airports certainly tsa and cbc really successful thanks giving holiday. our busiest day ever was sunday. as we predicted 3.1 million passengers. you do seem to think about that for second 3.1 million people in a 24 hour period if you multiply some things out people generally bring to carry-on items a check the bags in addition that's a lot of things to screen in addition to the people that go

through. i really appreciate all the help the airport teams did in making sure we were aware of flight delays, and issues of that nature. great credit to all of us here. we participate together, todd tt him, and other leaders in aviation every spring in the run-up to the summer travel season. for the past many years we have been unified as a team. we speak for the media as a team we operate as a team and we share the success we achieve as a team. so thank you very much for your help. i would echo thanks to to the team at aaa fabulous colleague, stephanie, the entirety we really appreciate it. >> thank you very much. you've been the administrator for over 2000 days. ten of the busiest days of air travel have occurred this year the 10 busiest days of air

travel have occurred this year. talk a little bit about your travel back, with the challenges are we got through thanksgiving knock on wood. the presiding officer: on this vote the yeas are 50, the nays are 48 and the nomination is confirmed. under the previous order, the motion to reconsider is considered made and laid upon the table, and the president will be immediately notified of the senate's action. p under the previous order, the senate will -- under the previous order, the senate will resume consideration of the following nomination, which the

clerk will report.

at the university of maryland talking about the incoming administration economic policy good morning to you. >> good morning. the corporate when it comes economic policy would you say those are? >> there are certainly populous. in some ways they are similar there is this nostalgia about manufacturing. what to bring out good union jobs in the midwest. a tough line against china. those way similar. leveraging up the economy as we deal the chinese problem the republicans they are classic parts classic republican a buddhist ration. cut spending. raise spending and if they can get with it raise taxes. that does not change much. joe biden did a remarkably good

job connecting us with alliances. it's good for the economy. the protection was in their core. either see much value. osseo is this region from thailand externally dynamic. having problems the chinese the same way we are. it's a terrible mistake. that's where the growth is. who thought india would've had a tech sector 25 or 35 years ago. the world was changing rapidly.

they tend to be too isolationist. we're going to pay dearly in terms of economic what's going on in europe right now. we should have asked our selves, the appeasement of the 30s was a good economic choice and the answer is no. on the verge of that was going to cost us incredibly in terms of defense spending. >> white europe and why defense spending? >> white simply if we have to spend much more on defense because we permit putin to achieve victory in the ukraine, when she's about to do. at the economy on a war footing he spending huge sums of money on his military. it was offense. someone is going to have to match that to graduate ef europe. that's going to be very costly

to us. video nvidia designs chips. the of the crown jewels of the american economy. it's a model t and the twin first century. i could only be manufactured in taiwan could only be manufactured by taiwan the machinery made in the netherlands. the dutch have a lock on her machine tools through certain visionary decisions it made. a security interest in defendint europe. economic and security interest in defending taiwan. permitting the axis to become stronger and bolder will mean

ultimately we will defend these places and a much higher cost than we would today. there is a profound connection between security these days in economics. the nostalgic view of america we can live here in splendid isolation. everything we need on our own. it might cost us a little more but it is worth it not to be engaged in a nasty and terrible world. as i reflected in the current? >> does not. the reeling from a lot of bad decisions over the last 25 or 35 years. they have not invested adequately in the economy. during covid the weight that counties in the equivalent of our counties and states of information to berlin june how they did it? by fax. they did it by fax. the germans make great 20th century machinery.

that no more capable of competing than general motors is. they haven't invested in their economies. if you hit them with the 20% tariff into the ground and always that we just don't want to see. how then how will they defend themselves and those actors in holland? that make the machine tools. confronted by the sanctions we have imposed, by denying them access to the technology the two assets i most want the things that are most important to me. remember ball bearing factors on world war ii we have to bomb the german ball bearing factory so they cannot make the machinery. the two assets i really want are the factors that make those chips in taiwan and make the machine tools to make those in the netherland.

if we don't defend those the american economy is going to look like a very different place. >> the president talks but using trade policy and other countries specifically to achieve policy goals is that a good direction to go to? with regard to china? yes threatening our friends, no. can the automobile sector. there is no american cars. they are canadian-american cars. i put a 20% tariff on that you might as will say the japanese are going to make all the cars and send them here. it can poorly gums up the supply chain. it was written the script for donald trump is going to be handled by the commerce

secretary. trade representative a senior job. no experience whatsoever with trade. someone priced right now is explaining what section iii 37 of the trade act is. you can't have people like that making those kinds of policies. were getting a good derivative. experience matters, defense secretary this is your job -- make if you look at the various and significant challenges the military faces over the next four years in terms of modernization, structure the distance we have to defend taiwan. someone's been a platoon leader

of the ceo. >> to be positive for a second just invite viewers to ask questions about economic policy the next 202-748-8001 for republicans. two 202-748-8000 for democrats to i thousand two for independence. you worked at the district as chief economist for. >> how did that inform your view of trade now? what you have to understand my whole agree about trade agreements and tariffs the structure of the u.s. tariff. on a work to that through my entire career. of help for example the laws trump will have to access. to impose the tariffs you have to perform investigations to impose the tariff. i signed off on them.

my signatures on this investigations. she's going experience trade lawyer. really carried a ball initially put under i believe he quickly -- make it was a the commerce department quickly rustled out away. he knew what he was doing. i believe people should be loyal to donald trump to work in his administration. her june trust surgery to pick it up on the web let's hear it

for milton. go ahead. >> thank you for taking my call. he's going to destroy this economy. he started the trade war with mexico, canada, and china. they are going to be retaliates and. that's going to cost even more jobs and more prices here in america to go up. she talked about mass deportation. lucas or the work in our country right now. who is picking produce and crops from the farmers fields right now? they are illegals but you deport all of them they work in our hotels. >> what's the third point please? >> these people who's going to

do those jobs to prices for produce, prices at restaurants and hotels are going to go to the roof for. >> of got it. you make a good point. i don't expect these tariffs to go into effect. the exception of china. soma does not challenge them in court that is joe biden strategy. donald trump is no more loyalist than joe biden. student loans even though they told me cannot do it. catch me if you can. imposes a 20% tariff what i expect to be challenged in court i do not declare a national emergency on trade and oppose a 20% tariff and less their strong sentiment in the congress that the court president runs in that direction. to get an injunction. tariff on china of the prior investigations he did during his

administration. he got authority from that. you can move pretty quick on that. he does that the right way. probably the most dangerous men and america were not to the u.s. economy is stephen miller. he's the architects of this deport everybody kind of thing. someone is going to have to pick their crops but will dissipate more americans to do it. 40% of the fieldwork in american agriculture illegal immigrants. they are not necessary illegals some are granted temporary asylum cases have to come up in which that may never happen. in macro terms concentrated

agriculture, and hospitality initiative in macro terms. regular program of immigration and population increase from people becoming 18. the u.s. economy can add 80000 workers a month by the summer of 2023 we were surely at full fullemployment unemployment wasl less than 4%. we were just right at there. at that point you can only at 80000 jobs a month. yet from september to september of 23 to 24 we had what her 95000 jobs a month. unless the martians weren't landing in the arizona desert and releasing into the population, workers to pick lettuce and work at hotels at work in construction those are alike the irregular immigrants. some have work permits. many don't.

let's turn this around deporting people beyond found those who have deportation order they haven't left that just sort of disappeared. we could find them apparently. was going to happen is the person cleans the office is going to disappear. construction may stop. the economy. it was more go to the supermarket going to get very interesting at these kind of shortages. the ever goes to the supermarkets who picks the lettuce. the kind of noise in his ear to say the elections was establishing the theme of

government. if he enforces the border and exercise of the kind of deportation policy he needed and barack obama did as opposed to joe biden the economy will continue to function pete doesn't this place is going to grind to a halt. >> only get brian in parent bright in massachusetts are public in mind. >> hi, hello. >> you are on go ahead and precook so yes thank you. i'd like to ask the professor for a comment or an answer to my question. the president-elect campaign promise was to raise tariffs which is bent in the news recently with both canada and mexico. a lot of people lost their jobs at international harvester, i'm sorry, john deere i got that wrong. mr. trump said he is going to raise the tariffs on tractors made by two 100%. it's been reported what you

think of the campaign promise? not 200%, what about all the folks losing jobs at john deere? all i'll take my question online for. >> the larger aspect of tariffs in the agriculture industry. >> retirement tractors 25% was traded generally. numeral are we? one of the problems we have was represented by the uaw. a very supportive and promiscuous attitude toward the uaw with outrageous wage demands and basically leaned on general motors much as he did the folks

that run the docks. as if this money would be readily available. general motors might been able to sustain this wage increases they're getting lots of subsidies to build electric cars. gender is not getting much in the way of doubt to build electric tractors but why is the core structure john deere so competitive these tractors made in america for generations because of their technological sophistication of these tractors today are not the ones you see from the 1940s movie on turner classic movies. these a very sophisticated contraptions become extraordinary technological, people don't realize that. why is in a cost effective to make them here? the entire auto belt has a major problem for it up and down the light from the ceo to the people in the pan plan floor they pay

themselves too much. they simply do. have a great deal of bureaucracy. they learned how to be good government agencies that comply with a lot of regulations. probably one of the toughest thing that mr. muscat and establishing the new car company, had a lot of government subsidies to do it. was learning how to deal these government regulations. so, they become civil servants making cars at very high prices. that doesn't make economic sensitive art. >> is another sector that chris and alabama brings up sin present lex's steel in fairfield, alabama cannot be sold to japan can you exploit that impact decision questioned. >> that's a terrible decision both supported. u.s. steel was kind like the german automobile industry. it needs modernization.

the japanese company was willing to come in, put a lot of money into the facilities and it was willing to provide a lot of technology to modernize it which was sorely needed. the many mills which recycle steel and what i say recycle not just talk about they make steel for the automobile industry which is highly efficient and very competitive. the old integrated make more. that's our lives are not as modern as they could be. there's no particular threat of those jobs leaving. you don't ship steel from across the ocean to make automobiles you do it from down the street, not quite down the street but it's locally sourced. it would not have made much sense the production steel across the ocean.

if you look at the importance of labor in the steel industry is not nearly important as the importance of technology. because of the cost of transportation across the ocean. this is very, very different from vehicles you have to look at economics at the value ratio. the steel weight is relative big compared to the value because it's not. cook's university of maryland, business professor emeritus at margate and wyoming independent line you are up next. margaret in wyoming, hello? one more time for margaret. go ahead margaret you are on. okay let's go to matthew and inmichigan dearborn, michigan democrats line you are on. >> good morning i would like to ask about trumps plan about

crypto. he wants to make crypto a reserve currency and spend 250 billion or trillion. i cannot run for the number. i don't think that's a good idea i like to hear what he thanks about it. >> this is like soma and things donald trump was to control inflation but it was to put on tariffs and notes to grow the economy but he wants to take the immigrants of the labor force. the same thing goes for crypto currency. the u.s. dollar undoing by the reserve currency question work central banks hold dollars around the world to back up the currency they hold some gold but the dollars is what they hold. it's also the transaction currency for most transactions. it is not much of a market for

pesos. to pay for it that way. inside of an exchange or the other there's about 90% of it was on of the world. in order to have that have to have a sound reliable economy whose currency is respected does have the currency. the second thing you have to have is what you call a messaging system. to perform these transactions. citibank has a transaction system those things provide that for the dollar.

you would have to develop an alternative messaging system out of the cryptosystem could come them. a country should have it. some basket of currency would do the job like facebook was proposing that have to get a hole of it and back it up. empowering the crypto world to undermine the dollar. it is encouraging the development of the infrastructure necessary for outside of government system. right now government is controlled money. create the capacity for outside the government system. >> once you comment a piece you wrote today on the dollar setting and this is just the headline saying families could e at $2500.

>> than of the budget deficit. the chinese budget of that thatn we get away with that people need dollars to perform trade. where you can put your money in argentines currency? or the u.s. currency question rick you probably want to find some way to open up a vanguard account and put it here. that requires dollars. those function is dollars. you know a keeper dollars isn't dollars but interest-bearing every 10 year treasury is a nice asset it pays 4% inflation in the night sites is less than that part is going to go up in value in real terms got down. your government is not going you're not worried about the

russian swelling your country. want to keep. to wake up and decided is it like you and take the company. you do not want to keep get the relative as long as i feeling is the pound, the dollar, the yen historically, historically that's worth 2500 to $3000. cooked is go to rick, rick at ad idaho republican line. "life, liberty & levin" publicly i put in my resume for secretary of transportation for president

trump i dropped the debt by 16 trillion in those two weeks. generate a rate 24 hours. coming in from china to the shipping and handling costs. comes into port $619 and 1027 which equates to 51 cents per gallon offset the cost of our shipping in the united states by 1% gm, ford, chrysler, we want to slow down, slow down slowdown. >> will ... what is the question? >> okay. will you look at. [inaudible] to identify

mr. schumer: mr. president. the presiding officer: the majority leader. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the senate consider the following nomination, calendar 848, that the senate vote on the nomination without intervening action or debate, the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table, that the president be immediately notified of the senate's action. the presiding officer: is there objection? without objection. the clerk will report. the clerk: marine corps, brigadier general walker m. field and brigadier general jason woodworth to be major general. the presiding officer: the question occurs on the nomination. all those in favor say aye. all opposed no. the ayes appear to have it. the ayes do have it. the nominations are confirmed. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the senate proceed to legislative session and be in a period of morning business with senators permitted to speak therein for up to ten minutes each. the presiding officer: without objection.

mr. schumer: i have one request for a committee to meet during today's session of the senate. it has the approval of the majority and minority leaders. the presiding officer: duly noted. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent that the appointment at the desk appear separately in the record as if made by the chair. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent that the committee on agriculture, nutrition, and forestry be discharged of s. 2514 and the senate proceed to consideration. the presiding officer: p the clerk will report. the clerk: a bill to control the salinity control act, and so forth and for other purposes. the presiding officer: is there objection to proceeding to the measure? without objection. the committee is discharged. the national will proceed. -- the senate will proceed. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the bill be considered read a third time. i know of no further debate on the bill. the presiding officer: if there is no further debate, the question is on passage of the bill. all those in favor say aye.

opposed no. the ayes appear to have it. the ayes do have it. the bill is passed. mr. schumer: finally, i ask unanimous consent the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the senate proceed to the immediate consideration of calendar 565, h.r. 5536. the presiding officer: the clerk will report. the clerk: calendar number 565, h.r. 5536, an act to require transparency in notices of funding opportunity and for other purposes. the presiding officer: is there objection to proceeding? without objection, the senate will proceed. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the bill be considered read a third time and passed, and motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent that the committee on banking, housing and urban affairs be discharge from further consideration of s. 4243 and the senate proceed to its immediate consideration. the presiding officer: the clerk will report. the clerk: s. 4243, a bill to award posthumously the

congressional gold medal to shirley chisholm. the presiding officer: is there objection to proceeding to the measure? without objection. the committee is discharged and the senate will proceed. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the butler amendment, which is at the desk, be considered and agreed to and the bill as amended be considered read a third time. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: i know of no further debate on the bill as amended. the presiding officer: if there's no further debate, the question is on passage of the bill as amended. all those in favor say aye. is all opposed say no. the ayes appear to have it. the ayes do have it. the bill as amended is passed. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent that the committee on health, education, labor and pensions be discharged from further consideration of s. 5355, the senate proceed to its immediate consideration. the presiding officer: the clerk will report. the clerk: s. 5355, to ensure

that the national advisory council on indian education includes at least one member who is the president of a tribal college or university. the presiding officer: is there objection? without objection. the committee is discharged and the senate will proceed. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the bill be considered read a third time and passed, the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the senate proceeded to the immediate consideration of calendar 47 5, s. 1956. the presiding officer: the clerk will report. the clerk: 475, s. 1956, a bill to improve the commercialization of federal research by domestic manufacturers and for other purposes. the presiding officer: is -- is there objection to proceeding? without objection, the senate will proceed. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the committee-reported substitute manied a be considered and agreed to, the bill as amended be considered read a third time and passed and

the motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the senate proceed to the immediate consideration of calendar 485s. 4107. the presiding officer: the clerk will report. the clerk: clernd number 485, s. 34107 a bill to require amtrak to report to congress information on amtrak compliance and so forth. the presiding officer: is there objection to proceeding to the measure? without objection. mr. schumer: i further ask the committee-reported substitute amendment be agreed to, the bill as amended be considered read a third timed and passed, the motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table with no intervening action or debate. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the senate proceed to the immediate consideration of calendar 479, s. 3277. the presiding officer: the clerk will report. the clerk: 479, s. 3277 to

amend the marine debris act of the national oceanic and atmospheric administration. the presiding officer: is there objection to proceeding to the m measure? without objection, the senate will proceed. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the bill be considered read a third time and passed, the motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: mr. president, i ask unanimous consent the committee on commerce, science, transportation be discharged from further consideration of s. 4569 and the senate proceed to its immediate consideration. the presiding officer: the clerk will report. the clerk: s. 4569, a bill to require covered platforms and for other purposes. the presiding officer: is there objection to proceeding to the measure? without objection. the committee is discharged and the senate will proceed. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent that the cruz-klobuchar substitute amendment at the desk be agreed to, the bill as amended be considered read a

third time. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: i know of no further debate on the bill as amended. the presiding officer: is there further debate? if not, those in favor say aye. all opposed say no. the ayes appear to have it. the ayes do have it. the bill as amended is passed. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent that the committee on rules and administration be discharged from further consideration of h.r. 7764 and the senate proceed to its immediate consideration. the presiding officer: the clerk will report. the clerk: h.r. 7764, an act to establish a commission to study the potential transfer of the whitesman national museum of american jewish history to the signif significantsonian institution and -- significantsonian institution and for other purposes. the presiding officer: without objection, the committee is discharged and the senate will proceed. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent that the bill be

considered read a third time. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: i know of no further debate on the bill. the presiding officer: if there is no further debate the question is on passage of the bill. all those in favor say aye. opposed no. the ayes appear to have it. the ayes do have it. the bill is passed. mr. schumer: finally, i ask unanimous consent that the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the senate proceed to the consideration of s. res. 920 submitted earlier today. the presiding officer: the clerk will report. the clerk: s. res. 920 designating november 2024 as national homeless children and youth awareness month. the presiding officer: is there objection to proceeding? without objection, the senate will proceed. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the resolution be agreed to, the preamble be agreed to, that the motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table, with no intervening

action or debate. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: mr. president, i ask unanimous consent the senate proceed to the consideration of s. res. 921 which is at the desk. the presiding officer: the clerk will report. the clerk: s. res. 921 remembering the december 6, 2019 terrorist attack at naval air station, pensacola, and so forth. the presiding officer: is there objection to proceeding? without objection, the senate will proceed. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the resolution be agreed to, the preamble be agreed to, and that the motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table with no intervening action or debate. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: and finally, mr. president, i ask unanimous consent that when the senate completes its business today it stand adjourned until 10:00 a.m. on wednesday, december 4, that following the prayer and pledge, the journal of proceedings be approved to date, the morning hour deemed expired, the time for the two leaders be reserved for their use later in the day and morning business be closed. following the conclusion of morning business, the senate proceed to executive session to

resume consideration of the anthony j. brindisi nomination. further that cloture motions filed during today's session ripen at 11:45 a.m. further, that cloture motions filed during yesterday's session ripen at 11:45 a.m. finally that if any nominations are confirmed during wednesday's session, the motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table and the president be immediately notified of the senate's action. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: if there is no further business to come before the senate, i ask that it stand adjourned under the previous order. the presiding officer: the senate stands adjourned until senate stands adjourned until the senate today continued working on presidentiden judicial nomination. lawmakers aroved a pair of nominees toe a united states district judge forhe district of columbia and catheri henry to be at u.s. district judge for the eastern dtrict of pennsylvania off the floor at senate democrats elected their leaders

the one heard 19 congress which begins in january. majority leader chuck schumer was reelected later better dick durbin will continue to serve as a whip wit senate democrats and minority next year. senators willontinue to vote on more judicial nominations this week. we'll have more live coverage of its editors returned here on cspan2. ♪ since 1979 in partnership with the cable industry c-span has provided complete coverage of the holes of commerce of the house and senate floors, two congressional hearings, party briefings and committee meetings. c-span gives you a front row seat to how issues are debated and decided with no commentary. no interruptions completely unfiltered. c-span, your unfiltered view of government. ♪ unfiltered view of government.

funded by these television companies and more including cox. >> when connection is needed most, cox is there to help break bring affordable internet to families in need new tech to boys and girls club and support whenever and wherever it matters the most, we will be there. cox cox support c-span as a public service along with these other television providers. giving you a front row seat to cracy. click senate democrats will be in the min next year unanimously elected their new le today for the 119 congressork senator chuck schumer was e senate democratic leader and chair of the democratic conference for illinois senator dick durbin was reelected asemocratic whip. senator amy klobuchar will serve as number three leadership post