to the president elect. the gap has been a source of my quick transit, hundreds of thousands of migrants transiting from south america and from the rest of thero world through the gap, , cooperation from the pana and security forces from panama on the issue is essential. and you don't think it creates goodwill with the panamanians who are inclined to be pro-american, to begin with, to say that they are cheating the united states when that impose tolls on come for ships passing through the canal. or that sovereignty over the panama canal speedy we take you back now like to use senate lawmakers will be convening before heading to the capitol rotunda for a ceremony honoring former president jimmy carter.

live coverage on c-span2.

the presiding officer: the senate will come to order.

>> welcome back. we're joined by david was immigration studies director at the cato institute. welcome to "washington journal." >> guest: thanks redmeat. >> host: thank you for joining us. before we get into a conversation a call in the previous are was asking about social security fairness act and a wanted to follow up. we said that was going to be signed tomorrow. it looks like that will be signed later today at about 4:00 eastern is what we're seeing on the schedule and will be covering that live on c-span. just follow up from this point in a previous hour. we are here with to talk about immigration and in particular h1b visas which have been in the news quite a bit because of some disputes within the republican party over what to do about this

program. what is an h-1b visas? >> guest: it is a guest worker visa, temporary legal form of status that allows the skilled foreign workers to work legally in the united states temporarily. it's initially valid for a period of three years to be renewed once but if you are sponsored for green card or permanent resident status in the united united states, you can extended indefinitely until you are able to obtain a green card through the green card process. that's the main gateway for skilled foreign workers to get a foot in the door into the labor market, start a career in the united states. >> host: how does somebody qualify for one of these visas and how long does the process take to get? >> guest: the qualifications are yet to have a bachelor's

degree in a specialty field. you have two be paid the prevailing wage for your area and your occupation come ir skill level, and the united states? >> guest: right. any employer has to pay $15,000 in legal fees either to the the government or to attorneys to file the application on your behalf. and then if you look at it there is a cap. there's 85,000 visas that are made available mainly to for-profit companies, and those companies have to enter a lottery each year at least for the last decade, there's been a lot of since the demand succeed that 85,000 number. even before the start of the fiscal year and demand exceeded and so much so only about 20% of the applicants receive an h-1b visas through the lottery. >> host: these are people who are qualified and after the

process. what kinds of immigrants and nationalities and industries here and the united states rely on this program? >> guest: if you look at the nationalities of the people who are applying, it's about 56% are indians, people from india. then you have chinese about 14%, that's about 75%. in all the other nationalities are much smaller percentage, the others countries. if you look industries and occupations they're doing it's about 80% computer, math and engineering. that's what these workers are overwhelmingly doing in the united states. that's what you're going to see the biggest focus and discussion of what the effects on the labor market. >> host: just for for a bite information about these visas that you mentioned 85,000 of those visas pick 65,000 of those

are just the regular ones with this qualification with another 20,000 limited to applicants with graduate degrees. you were talking highly skilled workers. >> guest: absolute. if you look at their qualifications overall about 70% in the with a master degree. 20,000 are guaranteed to have a master degree, the restaurants like 50-50 come have a masters versus not because if you have mastered increasing your odds of winning the lottery and getting through the process. many of the people who come start out as international students at u.s. universities, a majority of people who get the visa are already in the united states and graduated from a u.s. university and are seeking to stay on with the company that hired them out of grad school. that's sort of the process we see many foreign students go

through. if they can't win the lottery and many of them go back to school, getting masters, the of the state in the united states and then get a few more chances to win the lottery and hopefully stay in the united states long-term. >> host: is a path to citizenship involved with the h-1b visas? >> guest: there is a process by which h-1b visas can. companies have to sponsor the workers so they're sponsored to be on the h-1b visas and then sponsored again to get a green card. that's a very costly and expensive process for employers to go through as well. if you look at only about half of the h-1b visas, h-1b workers in the getting sponsored for a green card. and then i guess that they can continue on in their h-1b status

indefinitely until they are able to obtain a green card under the green card process. if you look at the green card process, it is highly restrictive. so you have about 140,000 visas made available to employer sponsors, immigrants of all types. so it's not just people want h-1b. it's people outside the u.s. it's people in other status, international students who are adjusting, all go through this 140,000 number but half of those 140,000 include spouses and minor children of the workers themselves. so actually really an effective cap of about 70,000 which is less than h-1b issues annually. you end up with a big backlog through this process, about 1.5 million immigrants are waiting for employer-sponsored green cards right now in the backlog. purely because of the cap.

the cap is too low compared to its demand you end up with his big backlog. if not all nationalities being treated equally within the green card to you. i mentioned indians are by far the most common recipient of h-1b visas overclass of the applicants are indian applicants. but if you look at how the green card process works, only 7% can go to any single nationality. so what ends up happening is indians or figure% of the applicants, they only get 7% of the green card and in that being 90% of the people waiting in the backlog. that's why you see so many indian residents, indian h-1b holders in the united states renewing and being a focus of the conversation, not just because they're such a high percentage of the total applicants but because you're stuck in h-1b status really indefinitely. if you look at right now we are

processing people who applied for the green card in 2012, if they are from india. other countries this 2023. so that's a huge disparity between what the process looks like if you're from india versus all other countries because of the country cap situation. and so looking forward we are processing people who applied in 2012 but there's this huge 1.4 million person backlog that is developed since the name of them in here. if look forward we are going at about a century wait for new indian applicants. so basically if you're from india applying for a green card today you are likely never to get a green card unless there's some reform to the process. >> host: one of the reasons this is in the news recently is because of discussions happening amongst members of the republican party as well as new

advisors to president-elect trump. i'll point to a poster from elon musk who says the reason i am an american along with so many critical people who built spacex, tesla, hedges of the companies that made america strong is because of h-1b. can you talk about why he finds himself kind of opposed to some of the republicans on this issue? >> guest: if you look at his story, he came and us as international student at then started a and went on to h-1b. there's a little bit of a gap in his status there that the "washington post" has reported on but -- >> host: the post reported he overstated fisa transit right. well, he didn't actually go to school. he just started the company which really isn't is a ws supposed be doing. then he was able to then get onto it h-1b once he started his company and the company then

sponsored him for the visa. that his process that he went through, and many other founders of companies, look at 55% of the billion dollars startups in the united states were founded by immigrants. and if you look at artificial intelligence companies, 65% of those companies were started by senators. when he's talking vertical positions, ceos, other important, ctls, chief technology officers, these positions overwhelmingly filled by immigrants, skilled immigrant workers. 80% of these billion dollar startups had at least one immigrant in one of these positions within their company. so extremely important to the growth of these types of companies in the united states. >> host: why are some republicans opposed to this program? >> guest: really it's because

of the messaging that they see from the america first maga movement in the united states about well, we have to put u.s. workers first and that the only policy should be that americans do all of the jobs in the economy and any job that goes to a foreign worker then takes away from a job for an american worker, and that's not really how it works. it's not just that they are founding companies which are employing huge numbers of americans through that process, but also if a worker comes in they create value for the country. they produce something of value and then they spend their earnings in the united states and that creates jobs for americans and other positions, in other areas. even if you look within the tech fields that have been so inundated with h-1b, when you look at the jobs he was workers are doing, they tend to move up

into management positions while they are managing the h-1b labor force is coming in and more of an entry-level jobs in that industry. >> host: we will be taking your questions about the h-1b visas program and i skilled immigration. our number for democrats, 202-748-8000. republicans 202-748-8001 independents at 202-748-8002. in addition to some republican pushback against the h-1b visa program, there is also some, i shouldn't say across the aisle, but an independent senator bernie sanders who said on x elon musk is wrong. the main function of the h-1b visa program is not to hire quote the best and the brightest, but rather to replace good paying american jobs with low wage indentured servants from abroad. cheaper labor they hire, the more money the billionaires make.

your thoughts on that as well. >> guest: so they're not indentured. they are obviously highly paid workers. if you look at the median income or median wage for an h-1b worker is about $120,000 a year. that is the 90th percentile for all u.s. workers, meaning they are higher paid than about 90% of workers in the united states. and so it's an accurate to call them low-wage. if the purpose of the visa was to cut labor costs and replace american workers, you would see the h-1b request increase when unemployment goes up. we see the opposite, h-1b requests go down when unemployment increases come though in 2009, 2010 the wasn't even a lottery to allocate the h-1b visas because demand went way down to the great recession.

and it increased again after that as unemployment with the way and demand for workers increased. the other thing you would see is it's all about low-wage workers is that the h-1b would be paid less than comparable u.s. workers. we don't see that either. in fact, we see that they are generally paid more than comparable u.s. workers for the same level of education and experience. in your field. the last thing you would see is they would be paid the exact mandatory minimum. as i mentioned there's a mandatory minimum wage a prevailing wage base on youth worker wages, and if you look at what they are paying, they are paying higher wages than the mandatory minimum, which means they are paying something based on what they negotiated. the workers of themselves agreed to, not just whatever the government mandated. i don't see it as a replacement

for. if a complement to american workers and increases the opportunities for americans both with in tech and outside attack. if you talk about the top 10% of earners, coming into these jobs, increasing employment at the high yet. what are they doing? they're spinning their incomes in the united states and that is increasing employment and metalworkers in the rest of the country all of the 90% benefit by having more workers in the top 10% category. i see it as a benefit to u.s. workers, that's something that's going to harm them or take jobs away from them. >> host: the federation for american immigration reform, a group pretty close to white house incoming come into the white house deputy chief of staff stephan miller who also had a pretty strong role in the first trump administration, has this group the federation for american immigration reform has proposed a series of reforms to

the h-1b visa program in particular. number one prevent employers from bank h-1b visa workers less than americans in the same roles. reward applicants who earned a masters degree or higher from an american university. require employers to demonstrate that they sought american workers and offered positions to qualified ones before turning to h-1b workers, something similar to the other pieces of lower skilled workers. implement more effective enforcement mechanisms and increased investigations including random audits, and then the h-1b guest worker program would be for temporary workers and should not be a pathway to citizenship. what do you think of some of those supposedly rules? >> guest: overall, it's objectionable because it's all about increasing the restrictions on the visas. a lot of it is duplicative. there are already required to be preventing wage which is based on what u.s. workers are paid

for the same positions, controlling for skills and location and all the rest. most of it is unnecessary. you already reward masters degree applicants from u.s. universities, talked about that with a lottery. the last one is the one that's the most dangerous proposal, is making the h-1b purely permanent and essentially forcing out skilled workers after they come in and they can work in the united states and contributing to companies, and then they want to branch out, start a new business, go on with life and get promotions and move on to more productive positions. that would be extremely dangerous. we talked about all of the companies that of informed and founded. there are plenty of critical roles as ceo, cto, different companies. that would be extremely dangerous to our u.s. economy if we adopted a proposal. >> host: lets get your

questions about the h-1b visa program, starting with diane and sun city center florida on online for republicans. good morning, die again. candy turned down the volume on your tv and go ahead with your question, thank you, thank you. other sponsors responsible for the indians that at our colleges that are causing these problems? drama which problems are you referencing, diane? , the flag set aside for different countries instead of the united states. >> guest: well, i mean, just to back up, the h-1b visa is only for people who are employer-sponsored. they are not for college students. they have complete different process where the college is the sponsor for that type of visa. so it wouldn't be responsible for anything that's happening on a college campus.

>> host: let's go to marshall and park ridge illinois on our line for independents. good morning, marshall, thank you for having this topic. i'm calling because i feel strongly that i think the next period of american jobs are about to be shipped to not offshore because it brings the people here but i worked as an administrator several medical centers in the chicago area and witnessed firsthand as a person processing h-1b visas, we brought in some really wonderful individuals, very talented individuals from india and china. and contrary to what your guest is saying, they were not being paid prevailing wage. they were being paid at a level that was akin to a graduate student, but i think for them to having the chance to be an american and bring their families up in america was just a golden ticket.

and so they weren't being paid 120, $150,000. they were being thousand dollars. they were being paid more like $30,000. i want to see if this is something that is listed and the president and his advisers allow this to go through, this will be a detriment to all the american people out there, particularly the nba's better getting hundreds of thousands of dollars in debt and only to find they are now competing with individuals who got their credential overseas and are now here essentially working for $30,000. so i thank you for allowing me to speak. >> guest: it's important to understand that are some different visa programs. mainly if you're a postgrad doing postgraduate training, you will be on the j-1 visa program, which is it's a different visa

program. it's for postgraduate training specifically, different requirements, different rules. i don't know what wage data you're looking at, they are going to be paid what postgraduate people postgraduate training are typically paid for those types of positions. if you look at the bulk of h-1b employment, i guess that its computer bath and engineering 80% of this type of program. if you look at software developers in particular that's the most common occupational category. that category has doubled in employment over the last decade. so we had 100% increase growth in that category, and all that increase, two-thirds has come from u.s. workers pick one-third has come from foreign workers. we seen an increase in foreign workers employment in the most common h-1b category. we've also seen a huge increase in h1, or for u.s. workers in

the same category. i don't see displacement. i see commentary between the two so u.s. workers and foreign workers are both entering the same category whether such great demand. >> host: one of the more outspoken folks opposing the h-1b visa program is former trump advisor stephen bannon who accused the tech companies that are supporting this program of doing so at the expense of american workers. here's a clip of him on tuesday on his podcast. >> and here you can't injure a school, they're to import on it bald-faced lie higher skilled foreign workers, high skilled foreign workers. the skills are not any different than american citizens. don't sit there and lie. you can't fill those spots. you go out of your way, you go

your way to gun deck entire thinks he can do that because mr conflicted the reason reason they have to be compliant in 21st century america we have indentured servitude? as much as that was a scar on the country in the 19th century, and we're doing it here. in front of your eyes and we have billionaires that are worth a fortune there can sit there and look at you all, you're a liar. show enough respect for the citizens of this country to just be honest. let's have a debate. you won't lower wages, i get that. i understand. it's not going to happen but i understand it. >> host: now the counter argument to that coming from another trump advisor vivek ramaswamy he was set up to potentially be a part of the doge initiative said the recent top tech companies often higher foreign-born and first-generation engineers over native americans is it because of an innate american iq deficit, a lazy and wrong explanation.

a key part of it comes down to the c word, culture. tough questions to be a tough answers and if we're serious about fixing the problem we have to confront the truth. our american culture has venerated mediocrity over excellent for way too long. at least since the '90s and likely longer. that doesn't start in college. starts young. culture that celebrates the prom queen over the math olympiad chant or the jock over the valedictorian will not produce the best engineers. two very different thoughts on the program on the h-1b visa program. what should americans take from this? >> guest: i don't agree with either one of those explanations from what's happening. like i said the top fields for the h-1b visa is software developers. we seen two-thirds of the increase over the last decade have come from u.s. workers. u.s. workers are entering this field but we still have a huge

about a demand for these types of jobs. i don't see it as u.s. workers just totally not willing to do this type of work at a don't see it as a job displacement story either. i really see it as there is a, there's a huge demand for these types of services in the united states. it's a benefit to us as americans if we let people work here because they produce goods and services for us. that is the purpose of the economy is too great goods and services that benefit us all. if we restrict h-1b visa or forget about h-1b or foreign workers, just u.s. workers in general. if we have a reduction in our labor force at the nets going to cost us because we are going to less goods and services produced that benefit consumers and ultimately increase our living standards. >> host: this is bar harbor maine on the line for democrats. good morning. >> caller: thank you very

much. i have two points. the first is i think the cato institute used be known as a charles koch foundation it is essentially a victory in his for privatization of just about everything. so that's one thing. the other thing, it's interesting to see bernie sanders and steve bannon both use the word indentured. but what i i would like to sas that these workers are dependent on their employers to staying in this country. and whatever their salaries may be, the corporate culture may be one of fealty and one of compliance in one of less critical. particularly in fields of technology that critical thinking and debate of empirical evidence is very important so that having a workforce

dominated by people on these visas might lead to a less efficient and less effective technology sector which would be terrible. something like the schedule f that's being proposed by russell vought for -- >> host: you've raise a couple interesting points. what to make sure i guess can respond. go ahead and tragic the cato institute spent the cato institute for our entire existence. we've never been the charles koch foundation or institute. charles koch was one of our founders so obviously there is a connection there, he's a member, he was a member of our board is a member of our board but that's not an accurate description of our history. in terms of the issues of dependency on employer, they are not endangered. they can change jobs. about half of all the workers who are starting a new job, and implement in the united states

were people who transferred from another h-1b employer. so you can transfer. it is more difficult and that is an issue that i completely agree with. that's why we need to speed up the process for people to get green cards. people don't mind that they are thankful for their employer who sponsored them. they don't want to be stuck with him forever and have their career put on hold indefinitely. so yes, we should speed up the process for them to get green cards and make sure they're on an equal playing field with u.s. workers. >> host: speaking of the changes, potential changes to the h-1b visa program, the hill has an article talking about how during the biden administration, this story from back in september, dhs overhauled the h-1b visa program with the biden administration announcing a role in mid-december clarifying who can apply for h-1b work visa.

that program to attract international talent has been criticized as too complicated and susceptible to abuse. the numeral expands the definitions of specialty occupation positions and doles out the requirements for nonprofit and governmental research organizations to sponsor h-1b visas, saying that the h-1b visa program was greeted by congress in 1990 and there's no question it needed to be modernized to support our nation's growing economy. the changes followed years of lobbying for more streamlined h-1b, the workforce labor related visas. back to your calls. john is in greendale wisconsin on a line for independents. good morning, john, i am into engineer. i've been engineered for a long time. mostly in software and software testing and software production. so i seen this firsthand. h-1b program is to lower the pay

rates, and oftentimes h-1b people are not necessary trained in engineers like saint india or china. i have some other educational background and they simply get, go through a code accounted for some quick training to get some training that the company wants. and can higher than cheaper. my other question is, or why question is, if this program is wonderful wife hasn't ever been applied to accounts, lawyers, directors of the cato institute, ceos, those all could benefit from the same labor force that's overseas, right? there are ceos in japan they could come and be the ceo. there's directors in japan, china, india, directors of acute institute. that's why question. >> guest: it's interesting you

raise that point. there's an even easier process called the l-1 visa if you're an executive of a business that is a multinational corporation. you can bring your executives over from a foreign branch easily. but as far as research nonprofits like the cato is a dude we from 85,000 cap so the cato institute can, at all of the research nonprofits, can higher through the h-1b program if they have a position that meets the qualifications for the h-1b visa. i personally am competing with anyone who qualify for h-1b visa for my job. >> host: richard is in broken arrow oklahoma on online for republicans. good morning, richard, hi. this may not be perfectly organized but i'll try anyway. i'm a longtime engineer also, more of a chemical engineer, and

in 1976 i was the first in my family to go to college and went and got a degree in chemical engineering and was able to pursue a career in that field. fast-forward to today, i am still teaching a two-year program for process operators here every so often i ran into a kid who really ought to be an engineer because his math skills are better. my whole point is, first year first-time college goers oftentimes it's hard to get scholarships, it's hard to get a lot of things. it's hard to pay for the increased cost of college. whereas, a lot of these folks from foreign countries, for -- come from money and have a lot of money.

you know, they are able to pay for it and i guess my argument is that drives the cost of college. how does someone who's first on the going to college, how does it make it into the engineering world? i see a possible future where we are overloaded with people with h-1b visas. >> host: let's let david respond. >> guest: so the international students pay full tuition in most cases, and actually subsidize the involvement of other students. there have been a number of different studies that have looked at international students in the relationship to the building of universities to enroll more american students. we see involvement increasing alongside decreases in enrollment at the international

student. for that reason and because actually international students, allowing some of the smartest people from around the world to enroll in these universities, actually makes them more attractive places to study because you are doing the best science in the world that's happening here. the best research is happening here because we have the most competitive, the most innovative workforce and student body in the world in s.t.e.m. fields. >> host: arbeit. we're coming up next up we are going to hear from monet who is in new york is actually an h-1b visa holders themselves. good morning. >> caller: my name is monet and i like the last three colors that you had from oklahoma and wisconsin. there was a guy before that,

forgot where he was from. >> host: that's okay. >> caller: of you and the snake really great points and a just curious as to why when we have these conversations that is not across systems. because this is really across systems problem. i have a background in education, and i'm looking at the literacy in math test achievement rates for american students, and it's so low. it's a real problem. critical thinking and applying on problem-solving skills is really poor compared to like finland and a lot of the western european countries that are a little more developed. >> host: monet, before we get david respond can you tell us

about your experience going through the h-1b visa process? , it's just very hard. it's a lot of waiting, a lot of paperwork, a lot of money to get, just to get to the u.s. really. you know, to be able to launch and then it's just like a nailbiting thing because i guess certain companies have more privilege. it must become famous rank the companies some have. >> host: what industry do you work in? , education or what it was information science before. >> guest: yeah, no, it's a great point. education is extremely important part of this whole equation. look, if we were producing twice as many stem phds will just be catching up to the love of stem phds were graduate in china every year.

there's a huge disparity between the u.s. and many of our competitors and allies even in terms of production of stem graduates. so it is a problem. it is one that is something that goes to the entire k-12 and college and university system and postgrad system. and so it's not an issue that i'm going to see their and solve directly. i would just say when you have a foreign workers who come in and contribute in these fields, it does make jobs for americans in those fields. that's one of the basic misconceptions is that this is something that's going to displace american workers are limit the growth of the tech sector for u.s. workers. it's just the opposite. if you prevent foreign companies from hiring foreign workers in the united states, we have seen

an increase offshoring because if you can't hire the most talented people, you are just going to move their operations to a different country. we've seen that happen as a result of the h-1b cap and the decreases in availability of h-1b workers. companies with operations to india. we've seen microsoft open offices in canada and elsewhere around the world. that's a serious problem. it's not going to be something that's going to be resolved in one or two years but it's not the case h-1b visas are preventing u.s. workers from wanting to participate in this deal. it's the opposite, it's creating jobs are u.s. workers in these fields. >> host: thank you very much, david bier is immigration studies directed at the cato institute. i appreciate your time and expertise this morning. >> guest: thank you.

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a short period of time and they may double or more than double. inspired by the election to sell last week we have somebody go from 100 to $2 billion and some of them to do it. they want to let people know about it and they will support data centers daily calorie rate

and artificial intelligence, very big into the data centers and a.i. in particular, the first phase will be in texas, arizona, louisiana, and indiana. thank you very much. >> thank you, mr. president. he was elected november, we've been waiting for years, a very large amount.

we are in countries around the world and we are very excited with leadership and policy in the last four years we've been waiting for this moment in time to invest 20 billion and more than that if the market allows us. >> thank you, so nice. that man knows what he's doing. he knows. so we are going to work with you and make sure everything goes smoothly. if you invest over 1 billion in the united states will give

expedited reviews. it's very prevalent regulations and rules the. 1 million or more but we guaranteed sometimes they of the 12, 13, 15 years. she saw it and where i was approved in a week and one week after spending 14 and a half years trying to get him going nowhere was terrible so been a victim of the years. much of it is stopping across and helping you and everyone and

you can't do anything and underscores the greatest business leaders on earth have a great future. since the election, a lot of positive things have happened. we are inheriting a difficult situation from the outgoing administration and they are trying everything they can to make it more difficult. inflation continues to raise an interest rates are too high and happen disappointed to see the biden administration's attempt to block reforms of the american people. we want every state in one of the popular vote by millions. doubly knows how many and they

are still counting in some areas. can you believe this? horrible. with got to ask still and they get done by 10:00 p.m. or thereabouts. places they are still counting votes really colluding president biden sgt. banning offshore drilling and i will reverse it immediately and we will drill, baby, drill. shaming aligned it will be brought down a low level and that will bring everything of the world. all of the money, trillions, it's like throwing up the milling window. they're just taking money down

into the anybody who wants it. i make it possible for the administration. they are playing with the courts for four years and probably got me more votes because of the highest votes and we had great election and they try and make anybody happy. it's called weaponization and is at a level nobody seen before. i defeated deranged jackets, i guess he's his way back and we

won those cases, the biggest ones the press made such a big deal. we did nothing wrong on anything and the people saw that. it's not easy for republican. when the republican wins by millions all seven of we went by a lot and they have been watching this injustice. the leading world has watched a little agreement will include slavery i'm under a gag order, as vital. united states of america.

mortgage recoveries and we had orders and supreme everything. if he did isis. we had no wars and now i knew going into russia in ukraine i gave you. israel really look at value attack with a horrible way they got up or you would have got out with dignity and strength as opposed to like linear or ethnically party. no arms and no legs. the way they got out was outrageous should level the lower layers of the day level

specifically the taliban. we would have been out respected one reason of it so badly, only out of airplanes when they are 3000 feet in the air. nobody's ever seen like that i think russia went and the state. and that is going to end. i defeated isis. no wars. got starting syria turkey. we would have been gobbling to. the five or 600,000 and i said about people doing that, ukraine.

one nothing. as save file as he lives largely long did we did a great job and will do a little better job. we have people rely on that's like the ocean. if you acre, you have a deal and now multiply that by 25 million acres, that feels like the whole ocean. we have oil and gas more than anybody in the world they took

away 625 million acres of offshore drilling nobody else does that. they think they have it but on day one will have it revoked. if we need to. i don't think we have to go to the courts but if we need to get the clothes. this is the man who says he wants to transition to be. you don't have the judge working hard and bears you because i did nothing wrong. i did absolutely nothing wrong. i wouldn't be standing here right now because nobody has ever won so many cases as i held is the justice department. and lives are being ruined and people and it's a of people all

to influence the election in a fight against a political opponent. we have had that in certain countries is banana republic all and i don't even know if it's on a small level. i'm sure it has but this is the largest ever. he's a mean guy. his picture was perfect because you look at his picture and say that's a bad guy with his purple robe. he shouldn't be allowed to execute people. you i don't know the judge in florida but we will really judge in florida and we won the case,

a brilliant judge with great courage. the radical left. they play the rest and they play hard they say horrible things about judge and prosecutors and some about the only way to get them off my back is to get to the. i think it is illegal what they do. worse than talking to a judge the judge in florida was brilliant and tough and she didn't stand for it. and i don't know her. never met her until the case and i don't even believe i said one word to her she is very strong and brilliant in her opinion was so brilliant, they dropped their appeal. so that is what we are up against so they say we will have transition, all they do is talk.

everything they do is talk. they now we are going to be drilling soon and all sorts of things nobody thought was possible and put down a map, it is massive and that is worth, i've had estimates 40 to 50 trillion, for the national debt essentially throwing it away. if we go 35 trillion, he's taking 50 trillion of value in throwing it out the window. we can't do that. one other thing which is in many

ways worse he wants all gas heaters out of their homes how to improve your in the sky loves electric and we are going to end the electric car mandate. this guy loves electric. we don't have enough electricity and a.i. needs more and he was the get everybody with the electric heater instead of gas. gas is much less expensive than the heat is much better. much better feet, you don't go which will your scratching that's what they want you to the source is much cheaper to operate.

60% of homes apartments gas heaters that he wants them removed. there's something wrong. they also want to go back when you buy don't know what to do. it's called rain. it comes out from heaven. it will do no water comes out of the shower. it just goes to electric so you're in the shower ten times as long. the water comes out of the faucet, to wash her hands. it will go back even stronger i ended that policy. have all the water you want, it makes no difference especially in certain areas, so much water we don't know what to do with it but these are things very little water to go into the dishwater,

dishwasher. they keep it going you and think more border. likewise your washing machine, very little water so when you watch a closing, you have to wash it four times to end up using more we are a party of men since and things i'm telling you now, it's common sense. january 20, we will turn the economy around quickly because when i think of our economy, i think of inflation. we have inflation at the level we've never had before. never anything like it the united states and the rocketship's but it's already doing it. 200 million he said between 200 and i said make it 200. he said sort of yes but it might

be 100 but it might be 200. reading 100,000 jobs, a tremendous a job adjustment. we will build the best centers in the country. this might election, the stock market has set records. the index is broken records for the first time ever. small milosevic urged and it is not 41, he went up 41. the american people's confidence in the economy surged to the highest in history. you want to say invest the

money? they are not in for news coverage. they go in and invest money but it's good to know where the smartest people in the world are investing and they are investing in the united states. we've done this two months of not being there. we haven't been there and it's amazing and really great things respected in all over the world. it was a terrible thing not is the most expensive structure built to disregard logic. we lost 38000 people what they died from malaria.

skittles. they were unable to stop the news. the unit away for relatively. and they charge more for our ships and ships of other countries. they charge more for navies and others. they left us because they we are not stupid anymore the panama canal is under distraction. they violated every aspect of the agreement. they violated. they walked help because it is not being in good repair. somebody from china because china has taken over. china is at both ends of panama now become the never allow to

run for president. of course she shouldn't have either. it had to be two people, not one but they will 3 billion to fix the animal now. one of the most notable structures built our line of the florida and they keep going through in the numbers are staggering. they took it away from us. and they've overcharged our current navy. get nothing those days are over. working with the republican majority in congress will cut taxes and/regulations.

raise wages into symptoms the world has not before we had a big chunk of it but three years prior to covid. the greatest economy in history the most regulations in identical and four years. four times more than any other is in it could and were just getting started. we will impose new tariffs products will be stamped with beautiful words, made in the usa canada subsidized to the tune of about 200 billion a year of the things. they rely on our military.

so many great friends run for prime minister, it will take two seconds but they said what i run for five minutes or correct? is it federal, state governor. i like that better but something will have to be done disabling work mexico. deficit with execute and we hope so : and they are essentially run by the cartels you can't let that happen mexico is really in trouble. a dangerous place and we are pronouncing a future date reason we do most of the work there and it is ours. sort of the opposite of biden doing rid of trillion worth of

assets and will change the name of close of gulf of mexico to the gulf of america which has of the race it covers a lot of territory. gulf of america. a beautiful name is appropriate. allowing millions to pour into our country, they could stop them serious terms on mexico because the drugs coming through our record numbers in mexico and canada. it takes two to tango you never. we have natural resources and

the one. we are number three. report. the clerk: senate resolution 16 to constitute the majority party's membership on certain committees for the 119th congress or until their successors are chosen. the presiding officer: are there any objections to proceeding to the measure? without objection, the senate will proceed to the measure. mr. thune: madam president, i ask unanimous consent the resolution be agreed to, the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table with no intervening action or debate. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. schumer: madam president. the presiding officer: the democratic leader. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent that the senate proceed to the consideration of s. res. 17, which was submitted earlier today. the presiding officer: the clerk will report. the clerk: s. res. 17,

constitute the minority party's membership on certain committees for the 119th congress or until their successor are chosen. the presiding officer: is there objection to proceeding to the measure? without objection, the senate will proceed to the measure. mr. schumer: i ask unanimous consent the resolution be agreed to understand that the motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table, with no intervening action or debate. the presiding officer: without objection. mr. thune: madam president, i understand there there is a bill at the desk and i ask for its first reading. the presiding officer: the clerk will read the title of the bill for the first time. the clerk: s.9, a bill to provide that for power plans of determine for example compliance with title 9 of the education amendments of 1972 in athletics, sex shall be recognized based solely on a person's reproductive biology and genetics at birth. mr. thune: madam president, i now ask for a second reading and for that to place the bill on

the calendar under the provisions of rule 14, i object to my own request. the presiding officer: objection having been heard, the bill will receive its second reading on the next legislative day. mr. thune: madam president, i ask unanimous consent that when the senate completes its business today, it stand adjourned until 11:00 a.m. on wednesday, january 8. that following the prayer and pledge, the journal of proceedings be approved to date, the morning hour be deemed expired, the time for the two leaders be reserved for their use later in the day, and the senate be in a period of morning business with senators permitted to speak therein for up to ten minutes each. the presiding officer: without objection, so ordered. mr. thune: if there is no further business to come before the senate, i ask that it stand adjourned under the previous order. the presiding officer: the senate stands adjourned until

♪♪ president jimmy carter, 39 president of united states nations longest lived. funeral in washington d.c. client states the u.s. capitol rotunda. members of congress. the public of a chance to honor on wednesday as the body remains at the u.s. capitol. the national service will take place at the national cathedral followed by his present in flames georgia.

in jimmy carter's for online democracy he's been. history is it will unfold is billed taken full congress and the new method begins is 47 president of the united states monday january 20 student for live coverage of the presidential inauguration and volatile trade is the oval office the president of the united states. it's date with these and this month. on public coverage of the one making progress in the presidential inauguration and democracy unfold. >> there's an idea, a