troops totallying nearly 2,000 men to north america to join in the conflict there even though britain and france rp not yet at war in europe. the british government is thinking that north america is sufficiently important that we have to stop the french possession. we cannot tolerate that. the man woho was appointed the head was a veteran general. general edward braddock. here we see a portrait. braddock entered the seen very

confident. thinking his regulars would carry the day, and not only he thought take fort dusquene and thought march on ward to niagra and other points. no doubt he was overconfident. >> he landed, where did his troops first come. they came to virginia and then moved into maryland, and then northwest ward for fort dusquene. accompanying him were virginia militia men. george washington was at the head of the virginia militia assisting general braddock. we have british colonials working with the british

commander. branddock didn't find everything easily. it took benjamin franklin's intervention to help prokoour wagons and horses for the british army. franklin acted as an agent and advertised in pennsylvania's rule county. basically, his message to the farmers was cooperate with the thing. he is here to defend off his troops, that is. >> you cooperate the king will pay well for your horses and cart. do not be afraid. if you do not cooperate, then

the king's business must be done and you will lose your wagon horses and get nothing. the farmers did cooperate. we have the king with good hard money. here we see the path of braddock from virginia and then maryland along north of the patomic. long journey between the heavy, wooded area. there he enecounters a force op rough lif a,000 inspect enemy cap. they have come out of the fort

duquesne. opposing him was several hundred french soldiers and perhaps 6400 native. people who lived in the ohio country in the vicinity. who believed that france was not strong in the region. they're best bet play in a long with france and strengthening their ties to the french. also significant was the fact that braddock rejected the systems from de and told one delaware chief that the indians would not inhert the line. brad dock and others peopled me needed no neighboring help. he was terribly wrong.

instead he alienated them. some aided a french. the french had other native allies in ohio country. it's western margin and the result was a staggering british defeat. 1000 were either killed or moved over 400 killed out of a force of about 1,400 in the advanced lying and four unwounded. braddock was shocked and killed. mortally wounded after he he died he was buried in the road. >> washington had several forces shot out from under me. it was lucky he survived this

campaign. going alt way back to five-day forecast. in this first major conflict with their respect of colonists involved. there were some french canadians assisting the french war here. it's apparent war is in full tilt. let's move to another important theater of the war. remember, acadia called nova scotia, province of can da. it's in the maritime zone of the

atlantic. also, there was a good native population in acadia mainly of the mick macks and another group as well. the point was the situation was very tricky at the beginning of the war, very uncertain and fought with complex. maybe question go to an overall map of north america to come back and explain this point. in 1713, after the british

conquered and relied on troops to take hold of acadia. in 1713, after war between britain and france. france surrendered acadia to the british. the british will remain that problem, nova scotia. the french were still in the region. first of all, most of the colonies, the great, great majority in acadia were french. second of all, the french retained according to the peace treaty, this island.

it's hard to see it's an island on the map. there's a narrow channel between it and the rest of the nova scotia or acadia. the french did retain this island and this island off the coast of acadia. besides that, this region was also part of french canada. 1713, going back to an earlier french british car after all this was an era of french british conflict. the seven years war that we talk about today is the culmination of this really in the colonial period. the colonies there were french. whap do the british say to the

french then? they basically wanted them to remove. they wanted the french colonies out if they could effect that. then they would bring in british colonists, prosubstantiates a protestants and remove the fremplg capital, if they could. the british military in acadia was week. even though they would have liked to have removed the french catholics if they could have in 1713, they did not. they found more politics and wiser to allow them to remain. and they did remain. basically over the next several decades, the french population grew. it has a very high birthrate,

higher than the number of deaths even though the population was small. nevertheless, it was growing. by the time we're talking about in the 1750s, there were about 13,000 french colonies in the area op acadia and cape read in ireland. this island called the heel san john. in there's about 13,000 french. a couple of things happened to lead to the main tub. that's the expulsion of the acadias. please. the population reached 13,000 french colonies in nova scotia by the 1750s. it's opinion much smaller than

that back 450 years before or 4 years. prince edward ie loonds is today this island here. that's its name in canada. in this period, the french, we have to remember that they first gave colonial names to this region the if french using the name acadia to indicate what we call nova scotia and they call the prince edward island the sound. okay,well, there are several things which determine british authorities on the expulsion of the acadians in the mid 1750s. it occurred during this war in north america, that we talk ed about the beginning and the ohio

country. it was decided it would be in their interest to evict the acadias. who were the main actors and why was the decision taken? what was the acadian position at the time. we can devote a whole classic to ta that. let's go back to the night of acadia. we come to the national of the british. the rational was that a small minority of the acadian. even though living under british rule assisted the french in

warfare in 1740. a small number had assisted the french in warfare in this region in 1754-55. what was the position of most of the acadian settlers. the great majority wanted to stay neutral. they said let us be subject oth king of britain, that's fine. we insist on two conditions, beautiful, up with of these conditions we'll see was the most important. the first condition was we should not be forced to make war against our own countrymen or native indians. we will be loyal. we will not take up wars or arms against britain. nor should we be compelled a subject who take up arms against

the french. we would be loyal toll britain, if we may be neutral. second of all, we expect the brish to expect ourgrt us the r to have as many pooes as we need. the priest should be free to minister to our religious needs. th some give on the question of religion. what the british governor of nova scotia did1753-54 is he said now is the time. there's war with the french. you know it's happening inrgini.

braddocs defeat. question not trust the arcadians.we kw they may give s substantiatesfrench. they must be eliminated. they must be expelled, deported. the key officer there was a governor. governor of nova scotia. lawrence was active with the basic approval of the establish government in london. they give him enough lee way where he could order the evacuation, if he chose. the evacuation only became possible during war, and only

because massachusetts sent 2,000 men to in the region of acadia in the border lands. there was no clear boundary between british and french territory. where were the french forts located here. between acadia and what is the province of new brunswick. there's no clear boundary. in the early 1750s, the french established a couple of forts here. some acadians living in the area, most wanted nothing to do with the conflict. they wanted to keep their land. they would be willing, british subjects, that they were allowed

to be neutral and respected in religion. the british authority, governor lawrence, governor shirp lee in massachusetts and the men of massachusetts said now is the time to strike at acadia. what can we do there? >> if we push out the front, it will be settles there. it's car time. the enny cannot be trusted. the key to the expulsion was the new england invasion assisted and of course, the new englanders were coming to nova scotia. they were to making war against the french forts in the border region. that was what was occurring. if those attacks were sufficiently thep they could go about a wimp pi dog and only

physical the fax were sufficiently. it was wartime again. sure new the new england men, they had some british ships assisting them. they took over the french ka p canadian force. shortly after they were taken out p the year was 1755. it was the summer. the government in nova scotia, the british government decided to go ahead with the evacuation. the only way governor lauren could accomplish that was through the massachusetts true. that is what occurred. it was a very, very sad tragic train of events a report came

out of halifax to boston. we are now upon great and noble scheme of sending the neutral french out of this province who have always been secret enemies and have encouraged the savages to cut our growth. we can't trust them. they may say they want to be neutral and give us intelligence on what the french-canadians were going top they want to retain their property. they don't want top be em prob l embroiled. >> here they were drived to it in a terrible way.

colonel winslow of pa ma. conveyed the news in church and brought into fort. the way the british authorities did this was by subterfuge. it's true high pressure how would they evacuate a population in those days the, with the limit t technology. they said we order all men to meet at this church. you'll be safe. we'll have some discussion. then they said, you are now under arrest. it was done through deceit. it was a calculated policy. they wanted to remove the french, strengthen the british

interest, give room to the new englanders are colonize and have a protestant dominated colony. gentlemen, john wins low said to the french inhabitants. most could not speak english. he said i received governor lawrence, king's commission. is that your snack? you yourself, the whole french inhabitants of these districts are to be removed from this. winslow himself thought it very disagreeable, he wrote was his word. he was not one who went about this task with any smile. rather it was with sorry. he thought it quote, net.

it seemed to be something shocking. one woman riding of her husband at the time and family accounts that her husband remain seated for a long time. his head in his hands. his faith was here. he said not a single word but he began to collect all the objects that could be carried with him. all their livestock, all their physical property was forfeited to the british crown. please.

here is a portrait of colonel winslow of massachusetts who was very much involved in the expulsion under governor lawrence in 1755. this is an illustration by an acadian artist -- canadian artist. imagine what this may have been like when the british passed word to the acadian men gathered in a church that you are now to be expelled. imagining what that scene may have been like. this scene lives in the memory of acadians to the day. it's something important in the history of canada and north

america in general. you can't really separate the history. now where did they go? first of all, it is remarkable that the british gathered some 7,000 men, women and children with the new england men seeing the hardest of the british effort. 7,000 were gathered that year. three years later another 3100 were captured. the total was 10,000. how much remain.

they fled to the woods. they fled to quebec. they fled the other areas nearby. what was the british policy? to beport the acadians not to french canada but rather to send them to the british colony and to various british colonies, just scatter them so they would never poise any danger to britain again. many question whether they pose any significant danger when they were living.

point is they were shipped to the main land colony to south carolina. virginia didn't even want the thousands acadians that the british shipped to them. they said we don't want these poor people. we don't want to support them. the british shipped those to england and to france. those 1,200 people. they shipped the 3000 here to france. of those, 1650 died in crossing the atlantic. ships going down at sea or of mall nourishment and disease and exposure.

they will come to louisiana once that colony will pass from french to spanish governance in the mid to late 1760 and perhaps 2,000 will come, 2,500 will come to louisiana in the mid to late 1760s and re-establish lives in a totally different environment. the descendants still remain in contact. they are from there. that's an important aspect of

the french and indian war. now, what about the fighting in the lake champlain corridor. here we have an interesting image of a chief. he was a mohawk chief for many years. he made a visit. normally where a british coat like that of an officer, but in this case he did. as a badge of honor. that's the british authorities.