we'd like you to weigh in and help us understand what we really do need to do with regard to tax reform. professor, i've enjoyed your remarks very much today. >> thank you. >> of course, phil, it's great to see you again and don. we appreciate all that you've had to say both of you. and it's been a very interesting hearing for me. so with that -- >> thanks, sir. i might say, though, there's no free lunch, but i'm thinking of the tremendous gas development in eastern montana. but also very significant impacts on the community. schools, waste water treatment, clean water. housing, huge adverse impacts. now very positive impacts such as revenue and so forth, but the huge adverse impacts are local communities, law enforcement can't keep up with the boom and bust that's developing in se in

eastern montana. so i do think we all have a role to play together that can help each other with respect to those provisions. let me ask this, has anybody said anything so outrageous that needs a response? either side of the table. >> could i correct an error. >> henry hub is in louisiana. i raeld everyone else here knew that. >> everybody knew that. >> this is obviously very complex, extremely important subject. it's not the last time we're going to be dealing with it. thanks very much for taking the time. hearing's adjourned.

for more information on members of the senate finance committee, check out c-span's congressional directory. a complete guide to the 112th congress. inside you'll find each member of the house and senate.

also information on cabinet members, supreme court justices and the nation's governors. you can pick up a copy for $12.95 plus shipping and handling at cspan.org/shop. today the american constitution society is holding a forum on growing income inequality many the united states and the role of government in addressing the issue. supreme court justice ruth bader ginsberg will be speaking to the gathering at 6:00 p.m. eastern. and you can see it live on our companion network c-span. kenya, indonesia, hawaii, kansas, chicago, and washington. this weekend on book tv, follow david on his journey walking in a president's footsteps. for barack obama the story. sunday starting at 6:00 p.m. eastern, a video record of his travels. then live at 7:30 he takes your calls and questions.

also this weekend on afterwards, conservative commentator blames liberals for an ongoing war on ideas using the tyranny of cliches. >> american politics have been distorded by this idea that the further you move away from the left the closer you get to bad things. one of the bad things is fashist, another one is racist, homophobic, sexist. the best working definition is a conservative who's winning an argument. >> that's sunday night at 9:00 on book tv. this weekend on c-span2. the story behind the star spangled banner. the invasion and burning of washington, d.c. this weekend on american history tv, mark the bicentennial of the start of the war of 1812 from fort mchenry the site which francis scott key could see through the rockets' red glaer. live saturday at 11:00 a.m. eastern. also this weekend more from our series on key political figures

who ran for president and lost, but changed political history. the contenders. sunday at 7:30 p.m. this week with wa three time democratic candidate for president william jennings bryan on american history tv this weekend on c-span3. >> one of the quotes from brian, a white house staffer that i thought was especially inspiring once you realize the magnitude of difference you can make in public life, everything else with pale in comparison. >> it was best put this week when someone from the white house came and said, he said a and said those who think they're crazy enough to change the world are those who actually do. >> he's the same man that christopher was talking about, he said choose carefully and execute relentlessly. that meant a lot to me. too many times we take too many things on and not focussing on the one thing that should be a top priority. >> every year the u.s. senate youth program brings students to washington for a week of government and leadership

education. this year brian kamoie made an impact. he's a senior director on the white house security staff. >> i started with the mind set what is it like to be them? and now that i'm in this role, what could i share with them that either i wish i had known along the way or that they will remember when they leave washington week as you've mentioned is a very intense rapid fire experience. if they leave a few key encouraging messages at a time where you know where it's very easy to be cynical about politics, it's a good thing to encourage young people to pursue public service. >> more with brian kamoie sunday at 8:00 eastern and pacific on c-span. next week on washington journal spotlight on magazines, peter el kin on his fortune magazine article "the last days of mf global", that's the finance firm that was headed by former new jersey governor john corzine.

it collapsed late last year with more than $1.6 billion in customer money missing. you can find a link to the article on your website cspan.org and the author will take your phone calls on c-span starting at 19:15 a.m. eastern wednesday. the u.s. agency for international development distributes humanitarian aid to poor countries. the senate foreign relations top republican richard lugar spoke at a conference that the agency host third-degree week. industry administrator introduced lugar. >> with a deep and meaningful par nership that georgetown has displayed in port nering to produce frontiers in development it really has been a team effort with the georgetown staff, the georgetown team, but thought leaders and the incredibly experienced diplomats and development experts that are part of the georgetown family. so thank you very much. i also want to take a moment to

recognize that this really is an example of a wonderful public-private partnership with partners like the bill and linda gates foundation, the rockefeller foundation, the hulett foundation and the mcarthur foundation all coming doeg to recognize that development is changing and we have a unique opportunity at this point in time to craft a new approach if we come together we listen carefully and we're more creative in our efforts going forward. we didn't try this morning and set out to produce an opening panel with five female heads of state. that that happened coincidently is a signal of the way the world is evolving and changing. we're thrilled to be in the presence of president joyce banda of malawi. president ellen johnson surlee of liberia. the president of coast voe. president mary robinson former president of ireland and

currently global leader in so many regards. and prime minister helen clark, former prime minister of new zealand and currently the head of the u.n. development program. those are just the guests on the next panel. this is going to be an amazing few days if we all take the approach that we're here to listen. we're here to learn from experts. from so many different walks of life and we're here to celebrate the ideas they have to share with us. ideas that we know we'll hear from talented leaders like the admiral. i want to take just a moment to thank steve. u.s. aid's first chief economist in a while and has helped us instill a culture of discipline around a more quantitative and economic growth oriented approach to development. and is responsible really for pulling this together. when steve came to me about a year ago with the basic idea it was rooted in a very simple

concept. the concept is that never before have we had the opportunity to achieve so much together in global development and global health and protecting the world's most vulnerable and contributing to our own national security and economic prosperity along the way. but that in order to live up to the promise we have, the promise articulated by president obama and secretary clinton when they talk of and take actions to elevate development as part of our foreign policy, in order to take advantage of that we do have to do some things differently. we need a new partnership model where we recognize that those abroad whether they are wealthier or less wealthy than our nation, in fact, are our partners with ideas that must and will lead the way to the future. a recognition that partnership involves a much broader slice of american society. whether it's entrepreneurs or

students who are tinkering with development projects or ideas in their garages or major corporate partners that can bring scale and impact in a fundamentally transformational way across the globe. it's a recognition that we need to innovate more in how we do our work than in an age when technology is literally transforming what's possible. we have to be on the cutting edge even if that means taking some risks and trying some things that are new and different. it ultimately is about delivering results. the results we see today are profund. an african growth rate of 3%. the spread of democracy and freedom in human rights is embodied in the leaders that we have here this morning. what the economists just two weeks ago called the largest success story in development recently which is the rapid decline in unnecessary child

death around the world at levels with a focus that is previously been unheard of. and with an aspiration across our country of people who want to commit themselves to this mission including students at georgetown and around this country. so our mission isn't to have the answers over the next few days. it's so start answering the questions. we at u.s. aid on behalf of the community of development experts are eager to listen and learn and change based on what we hear. that leads me to an introduction of today's, this morning's keynote speaker. everyone here knows senator lugar and what he has accomplished through his career. he has long been a champion of what's possible when we project america's leadership around the world in the right way. when we tackle the tough problems whether it's nuclear

threat, food insurt, threats to health and human welfare or dealing with national security challenges in their broadest and most ektive context. in his 36 years of committed service in the senate, he has helped focus the world's attention on these incredibly challenging problems. problems many people thought were not solvable, he goes out and creates both the political basis and the operation model to solve them. he's never been afraid of the world's gravest threats and has led the charge on many of them. and he's always realized that our nation's strength lies not just in its able toy to wage war, but in our capacity to create peace. for that reason we are deeply honored to have senator lugar here, but there's another reason as well. as many people perhaps in my generation would recognize that when you aspire to be in the

field of contributing on the international stage and to international affairs, senator lugar's been one of the most powerful role models of success. and i know that this campus and this administration are packed with people who have come to this place of service looking to senator richard lugar as a role model. a role model whose efforts will be deeply felt for decades to come. senator, we're very personally grateful that you're here this morning and we welcome you to address us, senator richard lugar. [ applause ] >> thank you very much.

thank you. sst certainly a great pleasure and a great honor to join you here today in the frontiers and development conference. i appreciate especially being on this magnificent campus this morning with the president and with raj who i have such a very high regard. i want to thank especially raj for this kind invitation. and his remarkable introduction. as we open the conference we must recognize economic challenges. that tends to shadow other development opportunities. let me get my glasses so i

can -- these economic challenges cast the shadow of development opportunities, investmentsing and practices about which you would liberate. united states continues to struggle with anemic growth. an unemployment rate of more than 8%. our national debt today is approaching $16 trillion. efforts to contain and reverse our bulgt spiral are complicated by financial pressures from an aging population, lengthy military engagements and sometimes partisan politics. many other countries including some who have been important partners in global development face even more stringent economic circumstances. amid these financial threats,

and budgetary realities, it's inevitable that some will question the role of the united states in global development. a few members of congress argue that all foreign assistance should be eliminated. a larger number preserve assistance to israel and some other political popular elements, but would sharply downsized most development aid. almost everyone expects that the united states foreign assistance funding will be constrained for the foreseeable future. this may be true. and certainly planners at u.s. aid must be engaged in efforts to squeeze the maximum value out of every dollar available. but i would assert this morning a development assistance when properly administered remains a bargain for united states national security. and for our own economic and

moral standing in the world. even in the worst of times, the united states remains a wealthy nation with interests in every corner of the globe. foreign assistance is a key component of the united states national security strategy. especially since the tragic events of september 11th, 2001, it's evident that poorly governed states with impoverished populations can pose grave threats to our national security. nations that struggle with severe poverty and corrupt governance are at greater risk from terrorism and instability. wars and extended military operations are enormously expensive in lives and in dollars. we spend hundreds of billions of dollars in recent years fighting wars. and preparing for military

scenarios in underdeveloped regions of the world. if properly targeted foreign assistance programs can mitigate national security risk and improve the united states' connections to peoples and governments. they may well save huge military expenditures down the road. 4 is one of the reasons why the defense department has been a strong advocate of a robust foreign affairs budget in the united states. but beyond the national security heritage, i strongly believe that no global superpower that claims to possess the moral high ground can afford to relinquish its leadership in addressing global disease, hunger and ignorance. more than any other nation, the united states processes a traditional moral identity. that identity is clearly

associated with religious tolerance. democratic governance, freedom of the individual, the promotion of economic opportunity, and resistance to oppression. this set of ideals was espoused in our founding doctrines. and re-affirmed to the sacrifice of our civil war. it was amplified during two word wars in which the united states opposed the forces of aggression and conquest. it was reinvigorated through the struggle of our own civil rights movement. our moral identity has been illuminated by a rhetorical tradition that flows from thomas jefferson and abraham lincoln through wood droe wilson and ronald reagan to the present day. rarely do we take a major foreign policy initiative without some attempt to justify it on moral grounds. rarely our are failed foreign

policies spared morally based criticism. in making this observation, i'm not claiming the united states is the undisputed moral compass of the world. rather i'm saying that no nation is more closely associated with a set of historic moral presets and no nation is judged more meticulously according to its own articulated values. as an observer of global affairs for many decades, i believe this is a good thing. and i believe our moral identity is an essential source of national power. now despite missteps the united states has been and still is a force for good in the world. this is indisputable from any objective point of view. in most respects we have been incredibly generous nation. we have continued to help the former soviet union protect and

then destroy the very nuclear weapons that were once pointed at us. we have helped countries such as south korea and taiwan move from extreme poverty to impressive prosperity through our assistance and our protection our democratic institutions and political and social freedoms have been models for the world. and we have actively helped to nurture democracy in numerous nations. even americans themselves do not fully appreciate the international impact of the examples set by our transparent political debate. and the extraordinary degree of self-kpajs that accompanies american policy decisions. our advocacy has been one of the prime influences for human rights improvements throughout the world. it is telling that china and other nations often cite their

indifference to human rights issues relative to the united states one seeking to establish economic or security ties with a problematic nation. the united states makes sacrifices every day on behalf of human rights. and our state department devotes enormous time and energy to producing country reports on human rights and religious freedom that are studied around the world. i would assert that as a moral nation founded on moral principles we diminish ourselves and our national reputation if we turn our backs on the obvious plight of hundreds of millions of people who are living on less than $1 a day and facing severe risk from hunger and disease. this is not to say that every human being or every country in a desperate circumstances is our responsibility.

but the united states must be a leader in forging the global partnerships and developing the most effective practices to achieve development goals. beyond our own programs, the efforts of other nations and many nongovernmental groups depend on the united states for direction, support, and even validation. as we move forward, and as critical for each of us to make these arguments, we should not be hesitant even in this budgetary environment in the united states to make the national security and moral cases for pure development assistance. further, we should be forthright in explaining that diplomacy and developments are two distinct disciplines. although diplomacy and development often can be mutually re-enforcing at their core they may have different priority.

resource requirements and time horizons. most obviously diplomacy is far more concerned with solving immediate problems usually associated with countries of strategic interest. although we hope that our development efforts will sometimes yield short-term strategic benefits. this is not their primary purpose. in a developed context we are willing to take a much larger view of the world. and devote resources to countries of less or minimal strategic significance at the moment. we are willing to allow the diplomatic and national security benefits of development work to approve over time. and we're willing to engage in missions for purely altruistic reasons. these differences underscore why development must be a goal that

is independent of diplomacy not merely a servant. to maximize our development efforts we will need robust partnerships. while historically nongovernmental organizations have been national partners with u.s. aid as inch meanters we must go beyond these relationships. we should be expanding coordination with other governments, foundations and small businesses, inventors and others who can contribute value. with partnerships built from the ground up at the earliest stages of program development and sound financial structures for sustaining them. we can lempl scars resources for a maximum resources. we must embrace transparency in foreign assistance programs.

we should be forthcoming about the goals. and whether these goals are achieved. second tear clinton and ambassador shaw made an important commitment to transparency with the assistance of the foreign assistance dash board and the announcement the u.s. would join the u.s. aid transparency initiative. but implementation of these efforts is lacking in my judgment and should be accelerated to demonstrate our full commitment to transparency. this is vital to provide taxpayer a clear picture of how the money is used, but also to re-eenforce united states' leadership. transparency helps level the playing field for united states companies.

combats the trupgs that the world bak identified as quote, the single biggest obstacle to economic and social development, end of quote. toward this end, united states government should be moving forward with full implementation of the 2010 carden-lugar amendment which requires all the companies listed on the new york stock exchange to publish their payments to foreign governments for oil, natural gas, and mineral developments. [ applause ] failure to fully impment the language would squander an opportunity to transform the development scenarios, a of resource rich countries that are now mired in poverty. while foreign assistance