you had millions of people saying this is better and cheaper. this is worse and more expensive. which will i choose? by then it was too late for them to respond. businesses need to look earlier in the lifecycle of new technology and life cycle of new technologies and recognize even before there will be a lothere of experiments going on. many are visible. market.n the things like kick starter and crowd funding platforms are allowing you to see how people playing with new technologies. we say that's the moment that you should get worried. technology is changing the way companies are doing usiness, monday on "the communicators" at 8:00 p.m. 2.stern on c-span artifacts," merican part two of our visit to the

museum in langeley, virginia. the curator begins in the gallery.'s >> this is the directors gallery. normally the director selects the artist who will do his portrait after he leaves office. we're standing here in front of the portrait of george herbert walker bush, who was director of central intelligence at a particularly difficult time in our history, follow the pike and church committee hearings back in 1975. the agency was under investigation by congress and morale was pretty low here at

the time. he is the first member of congress to serve as director, sent over by the president to help repair those relationships between c.i.a. and congress. the oversight committees come out of this investigation as well. the senate select committee on intelligence and the house permanent select committee on intelligence. he was with us just 10 days shy of the year. heed like to have stayed on. a couple things to note on his watch. he established a practice that we still use today which is called competitive analysis, where the agency would generate analysis on a given subject and then set up another team to attack that theory. so we think osama bin laden is in that compound at abadabad. if he's not, what explains it. another thing that took urgency on his watch was c.i.a. briefings to the presidential candidates.

it was truman who started it. truman didn't want his successor, president eisenhower, to be as uninformed as he felt he was. remember truman didn't even know about the manhattan project. so truman establishes the c.i.a. briefings, but on his watch it takes a newer urgency. 15 years ago this month we renamed the coming pound the george bush center for intelligence. and we've sent an artifact out to the 41 library at college station, texas, it is the original legislation signed by president clinton, renaming the compound after george herbert walker bush. >> when you say the compound what does that mean? >> that means 258 acres here at langley, virginia. a site that has an intelligence history that goes back to the civil war, reconnaisance balloons were launched from here. it's a high plateau over the potomac and washington. there are the remnants of two civil war camps on the property

and over the years as we built those new buildings the construction projects have turned up civil war era relics that we have in our collection. president eisenhower laid the corner stone for this original building on the 3rd of november, 1959. the george washington parkway was extended as part of the original construction machine. and we old objects in our collection related to the corner stone laying ceremony. we have the trowel that president eisenhower and alan dulles used that day to lay the mud. two years later the building is ready to occupy. and in his remarks at the dedication of the building, alan dulles includes a bible quote. that bible quote says, ye shall know the truth and the truth have make you free. then dulles asked that that be carved into the fabric of our building, because for mr. dulles truth and freedom are the pillars upon which c.i.a.'s work is built. so 1961 is when we begin

occupying the building, the same year the we are lynn wall went up. president reagan broke ground for the new building in 1984, that building was ready to occupy in '88. we during the cold war different options for collection platforms were explored including those that the animal kingdom might present. so behind us is the case of our animal spies. and the largest object in the case is aquiline, this was a u.a.v. developed in the late 60's, meant look look like an eagle that could be folded into migration flocks that might fly over a hard target area to provide oblique imagery or electronic capture, any number of different platforms could potentially have been put on a piece like. this it was in

development for about six years and no operational vehicle was ever deployed to the field. but certainly the lessons learned informed future u.a.v. programs. from up in the air collecting with aquiline and its sister the pigeon camera, we also go below the ocean, but let talk about the pigeon camera first. because pigeons have been around for a couple centuries. they flew microfiche into paris. the germans invented the pigeon cam rap in the early 1980's and it was used during ward war -- world war i. there's no such thing as technology that's too old for espionage. we frequently revisit technologist. in the 1970's, c.i.a. needed low level imagery over a hard target

area. and we developed a program. we found in working with pigeons there are challenges, soon as we strapped a camera on our bird they became operational, to the civilian pigeons the operational bird no longer looked the same with that camera hanging off of its chest. so in their little bird brains, the profile had changed, so the civilian pigeons would attack the operational birds. plus a hawk likes a tasty morsel of pigeon now and then, we had one operation lost to a hawk. plus pigeons are sensitive to their environment, they don't like change and when it came time to ship them to the area, they got so stressed out they molted. so from up in the air to below the water surface we're also

collecting intelligence. we have a robotic catfish. there are two exemplars of this, one is traveling to the american people right now. and the one in the cage is probably the prototype. and during vietnam era we developed what are called seismic intruder devices and made them look like ordinary debris that you would find along a jungle trail. if you look closely at ours, one seems to resemble a piece of tiger dung, so as the trucks and troops came down the ho chi minh trail the vibrations could be counted, sent to a listening post and then transmitted for collection. additionally in this case we have a very unique kind of concealment. if you and i need to communicate with one another, case officer to agent, one of the most difficult sensitive dangerous ways for us to do that is face

to face. then we both risk being compromised. so we will develop impersonal means of communication, like codes or covert communications equipment, or dead drops. and we want our dead drops to be totally inoctober you with us, we don't want them to draw any kind of attention. or we want them to be particularly disgusting so no one will touch them. in this case we might have hit the disgusting part because this is a rat concealment and was used for operations in mass okay. the only creature that will go anywhere near a moscow rat is a hungry moscow cat. but we thought of that as well. so as you are issued your rat dead drop, you're also given a bottle of tabasco sauce, so you can lace that rat with the tabasco sauce and hopefully the cats won't bother it. these are just some of the animals that have been involved in espionage. we're in the intelligence art

gallery and we don't always have an artifact or an object to catapult us into that part of our history. so 10 years ago we started an intelligence art collection. inspired by the painting collections in the military services, and we're standing next to our first painting in the collection which is entitled earthquake's final flight. this painting captures an operation in 1954, the place is -- the book is called a small place. the french can't resupply their troops and they reach out to the united states, and the u.s. air force provides c119 flying boxcars, u.s. markings have been painted out with french markings, and c.i.a. provides the pilots through its proprietary airline, civil air transport. 36 cat pilots flew 682 missions during about a two and a half month period. in the spring of 1954. many of those flights flown through murderous antiaircraft fire. this painting captures a flight that took place on the 6th of

may, 1954, flying that day was a legendary cat pilot by the name of james mcgovern. his copilot was wallace buford. the french kicker ran to the back of the open cargo bay to check the dam to the stablizer, noted that the port engine had been knocked out and was streaming oil. this aircraft does not like to flay on one engine, but they kept it in the air for 45 minutes until it finally crashed inside laos where the wreckage remained unrecovered until 2002. finally a team was allowed to go in there and recover the remains. he was buried at arlington. we received a few pieces of the aircraft, you could imagine after that many years there wasn't much left. these two combat casualties were the first american deaths in the conflict we call the vietnam war. in is a story of two young men. drew dix is just 23, a young

special forces staff sergeant on his way to vietnam in 1967 when his assignment changed and instead he's sent to work under the auspices of the lone c.i.a. paramilitary officer. jim is 27. jim is in charge of c.i. appears role pacification perhaps and one of these is called provincial reconnaisance unit. they are forces that the agency has recruited in to help us take down the viet cong infrastructure, and drew is con in to take command of that unit. along the night of 30-31 january, 1968, drew and jim have been picking up anomalies in viet cong activity, but most of their troops have again home to celebrate a holiday. so drew takes a handful of the p.r.u.'s and a couple of navy seals and goes up along the border to recon itsnoiter. >> that same time the provincial capital was invaded.

he radioed to drew, you got to get back, we're under attract. drew breaks it back in. when he arrives jim says maggie is missing, a friend of there's who is an american nurse in the city. so what do these two men do but jump in a jeep and go off to save her. when they get to her house it's occupanted by the viet cong and they get her out. they fought a series of battles in the city with just a handful of of troops. they rescued another 13 civilians, captured one of the highest ranking viet cong captured during the war. at the end the c.i.a. recent natural supervisor said drew deserves nothing less tonight

medal of honor, and he took it. a year later staff sergeant drew dix received the first special forces noncommissioned officer medal of honor. now on the back of this med awful honor it says military assistance command vietnam combined studies division. this is the only c.i.a. medal of honor. he received a commission to first lieutenant, retired as a major. then went up to alaska, owned and operated a bush service flying in the alaskan interior. and then became alaska's deputy homeland security. jim finished his career in c.i.a. paramilitary operations, retired in 1998. two weeks after the attacks on our country. jim was out in the war zone. you don't get to meet men like

this every day. jim received the distinguished intelligence cross which is our highest award for valor like our medal of honor. only 34 have been presented. we're in what we call the afghan gallery, this is an exhibit on c.i.a.'s role in operation enduring freedom. a role that was carried out in the days and weeks after the attacks on our country on 9/11. the c.i.a. team entered afghanistan on the 26th of september. 15 days after the attacks. one of the reasons we were able to go in so quickly is that we had a contingency plan on the shelf for doing just this. and on the 14th of september, director tenant briefed president bush on the c.i.a. contingency and the president said i want c.i.a. on the ground. the second team into afghanistan entered just weeks later on the

17th of october. this team has a different kind of mission, a tactical mission. their job is to set up an intelligence shield across the top five provinces of afghanistan, and working with native partners to collect intelligence to shape the battlefield. when i interviewed the head of that second team in, he confided to me that as they flew in, they were going over their mission, they knew it was to link up with a native insurge than sit, train them and run operations with them. he said we all looked at one another and said it feels like we're working for general donovan. he said the more it changes the more it stays the same. so what's what gave us the idea

for this exhibit, is to position photographs and objects 60 years separating each and it's a very powerful lesson. gives us our legacy, and it capitalizes our history. the model makers used hundreds of pieces of all sorts of intelligence to make this model as accurate as possible. a seven to one scale model of the abadabad compound. it was used to brief the policy makers, to brief president obama and used by the assault team to plan their raid. two additional copies were made for historical record, and this is our copy. i think we got the best feedback we could have hoped to receive. when every single one of the assault team returned alive, and when we debrissed them they said they felt like we'd been there before. the first helicopter landed here, the second helicopter was

to drop the team onto the villa. then a number of things happened. first of all, we have a stealth helicopter whose flight characteristics have been modified. they are coming in. hot and heavy. they go into a hover over the villa, the rotors are turning, air is directed down into the compound, probably hits these walls. comes back up over the aircraft and it's called setting with power, the more he tries to power out of it the faster down he'll go. american helicopters rotate counterclockwise, which is why we ended up over here. everybody got off alive. the entire raid lasted 39 minutes. the weapon we have displayed in this part of the gallery was recovered from the third floor of the compound, by the assault team during the raid. we find in to be a very powerful object. it has an media sit oz an

immediacy to it. but even more than that, this one object represents for us here at c.i.a. the taskings of three presidents to do everything possible to bring down al qaeda. the president's daily briefing is the most exclusively publication in the world. and our job as agency officers is to collect intelligence that matters and get it to the policy makers so they can make informed decisions about our national security. we do this through a number of publications, we're looking at the most exclusive publication right now. this has an interesting history. it goes back to truman's day. it was truman who asked for a briefing that he could carry with him, it was called the

daily summary. he asked for it in 1946. and then he wanted a weekly summary. so he did that, we always taylor the brief force the first customers. the president decides who else will receive the briefing in addition to him. and that changes from administration to administration. president kennedy wasn't happy with the f.a. format, he wanted a check list of the most critical national security intelligence that we had at the time. so we created the president's intelligence check list, or the pickle. picl. president ford was the first to get one on one briefings with the c.i.a. traveling with the president on 9/11, there in the classroom, with president bush when he received the phone call that the tower has been hit, on air force one for the next 13 hours until

the president came back to andrews, was the c.i.a. briefer. in 2004 we had the intelligence reform and terrorism prevention act. that piece of legislation is the first sweeping changes to the intelligence community. as a result of that, the position of director national intelligence is created and the p.d.b. staff is now moved up to the d. in i. level. they still contribute over 90% of the briefing, but now other members of the intelligence community also contribute to the briefing. today president obama receives his briefing on a tablet. as you can imagine, our current operations are still highly classified. so those objects that we might collect into the collection would be highly classified as well. so in our world, tangible objects are not considered to be

official u.s. government records. there are therefore they are not part of that 25 or 50-year automatic declassification effort. if we want to try to tell the story of a classified program through classified tangibles, then we have to make sure that there are no agency equities that could be compromised by our telling that story. and there's an internal review process for the equity holder. the director of science and technology will have to agree that the technology can be put on display. the information that we write about that must be reviewed by the publication's review board. and then released by that particular director's review and release mechanism. so there's a great deal of oversight and it's a good partnership that we have with

these various equity holders to make sure that we tell a complete story, an accurate story in our museums all official visits to the central intelligence agency begin and end here in the memorial lobby in the only headquarters building. this lobby contains a number of commemorative pieces to our history. not only the o.s.s. memorial, commemorating the loss of 116o.s.s.ers at the beginning of our country's first nondepartmental intelligence agency, to this memorial which commemorates 107 of c.i.a.'s fallen, dating back to 1950 when we lost our first officer. across these 107, there are representatives from all four direct torts, but a look at the book of honor will show you that not every star has a name next to it. there are still 27 of our colleagues who even in death

cannot be publicly acknowledged because those national security equities that they worked are still sensitive. every year we'll review the remaining 27 and if the equities change so we can add the name, we'll do so at the time of our memorial service. this year is the 40th year anniversary of the memorial wall. representatives from every directorate, as i said. the youngest is a woman, bar ba roberts, the first at the mal officer killed in the line of duty and the youngest star at age 21, killed in vietnam in 1965. there is a wide diversity of our officers here on the wall. there are three african-americans, two native americans, two asian americans and one persian american. and there are nine of our colleagues who have never come home, including our first star, doug

mccaron. i think it's important to note that every new agency officer starts their career right here in front of the memorial wall. they take the oath of office to serve our country and this agency, standing right here with 107 stars our fallen colleagues looking at them and the father of central intelligence across the way observing their joining this organization. these 107 fallen for us capture the ethos that awful us try to live by on a daily basis, that includes service, excellence, integrity, courage, team work, and stewardship. if you read the stories behind the stars on the wall you will find examples of all of those values that all of us try to carry with us as we go through our careers and as we serve our

nation. through the work that we do here at the central intelligence agency. >> for more information about the c.i.a. museum, visit their website, cia.gov. you can watch american history tv's american artifacts programs online any time. this is american history tv. all weekend, every weekend. >> on may 13, 1939, the trans-atlantic liner departed >> new book "sunday's at 8:00" againson.retchen more >> what roles should the government play in subsidizing housing. you want to subsidize housing, and the populace agrees should ething we subsidize, put it on the balance sheet and make it clear and make everybody aware of how much it's costing. but when you deliver it through third-party