general george washington bid farewell to his officers following the revolutionary war. >> fraun says tavern is at 54 lower manhattan. it was built in 1719 with the delancey family. it was built as a home. a mercantile area. sailors coming in and out, lots of ships. so they never wanted to raise here.family it was rented out by different tenants. mr. hole. tenants was he rented a dancehall. fraunces samuel purchased 54 pearl street and queens head

tavern. being down here in lower anhattan, you were the center of commerce. so it was location, location, location. it was a popular tavern. politics of the time really kicking up and samuel fraunces was a patriot. tavern named after your king and queen was not a good idea. referred to it as sam fraunces' tavern which is know the building as today. kitchen which was very uncommon at the time. and the late 1760s when the politics were happening, very different types of people would meet here the sons of liberty. so the upstair, the second floor fraunces tavern was a private room, the long room for private rentals. traditionally allowed in taverns but if you rented a room, you could have guests.

there are certain things you could find in a tavern like the clay. to smoke, made of you wouldn't bring your own. you come to the tavern, borrow a few of theirs. about germs back them. you share your pipe with the guy before you. lot of hot drink a booze back then. punch warm. one way to warm up your ail laggerhead, a rod iron stick they would keep by to heat up. be taken t rod would rom the fire and put into your pewter mug. at one point, sitting around the able, eating walnuts, having oysters, talking politics. and things might get heated couple of glasses of rum. if you heard the expression laggerheads, it comes from this time period. argument.n

you might think it's going to come to blows. you go to the fire. laggerhead andot you might want to hit the guy silting next to you. it's coming to laggerhea the, s. that might have happened here. samuel would serve one meal a day. family style meal. no menus. predating restaurants. was served. what new the first documented york city tavern slash takeout.nt to do they would put them in earthen pots. food t would seal the inside. st. fraunces did the canning. were here, canned oysters, nuts, pickled, that kind of thing. a business takeout business on site as well. british occupied new

york early on in the war. wall.w the writing on the he knew this was going to happen. he left to new jersey with his and left the loyalist son-in-law to run the tavern. the british captured him in new him back to ought new york where they forced st. prison of war serve one of the british generals at a different location. fraunces was an entrepreneur. he started the tavern, the fancy it was popular. being forced to run for free rubbed him the wrong way. a patriot, he used it to help the cause. he would listen in to what the generals said at the dinner table and report it back army.the copt innocental he saved table scraps and any kind of clothing and give them to the prisoners in new york city. not many people know this, but in the prison ships in new york people, more men ships than on the

battlefield. fraunces was helping the cause. cut to the end of the history throughout the war. sad, sad story a during the war. under british occupation, tarvation, fires, and eventually we all know the end of the story, the americans won he war and the british eventually had to evacuate the city. and just like today when you ring your military to a new area and you set up camp, it doesn't -- you -- the war is the you don't just get up next day and leave. you have to disassemble all of the infrastructure that you've installed. it took a while for the british to actually complete their dismantling and get out. called the evacuation day. washington triumphantly marched to new york city on evacuation day. ships tish got on their and left. and the governor of new york, a dinner nton, hosted nces at sam fr aushgs

tavern. then george washington hosted the special event here at fraunce's tavern, one of the still here today. it was a famous farewell. so washington invited the to fraunces tavern to say good-bye. arms.were brothers in this david and goliath story. they won, they were victorious. and he was -- it was over, it time to go home. so he invited them here to say good-bye. famous.re's a the only primary source document of that farewell is he wrote a memoir. so you're looking at the memoir benjamine engraving of talmet who was a spy in the revolutionary war. this memoir was written in 1830, before benjamin passed away. he documents hiss life, including the life in the war attendance of the things farewell in the long run of

fraunces tavern. he devotes washington from that says, i and washington know, i cannot come to all of you. but if you could come to me. stoic man. a this is the leader, the father of our country. be tears on ims to that evening. atthis -- that happened here this at fraunces tavern that you done today and it's set up as it would have been in the colonial times. the room at o rent fraunces tavern at private have tallies of what was served. if you had a party of 10, there bottles of rum, beer.n number bottles of you paid for your candlesticks and the playing cards. also what they served would have oysters. they claim in the hudson river t the time in the 1700s, the oysters were a foot long. hese are roast beef-sized

oysters, pewter ware from china. public education so not everyone could read or count numbers, so they would use playing cards with symbols. everybody knew this was four because this was four hearts. have number four, it would have four hearts. if you were these a jeptleman in the 1770s. after he sold the tavern, in the 1800s, it had many owners and anagers, a boarding house, a grocery store, three internal fires. and every time someone bought thought oh, they this old building, improve it, another floor on a flat roof, red bricks, a cast iron facade. changes in the 1800s. through all those changes and through the time, it was degrade. to it was going be demoed. recognized ern was as the place where washington

said the farewells. people knew this. there was an uprising. there was enough noun purchase in 1904 to save it from the wrecking ball. 1904ey took this tavern in and hired an architect to peel off the layers of the industrial revolution. what they found was the original chimneys where the would have been, where the located.staircase was they rebuilt fraunces tavern con chully. no blueprints. whenctures of it from 1719 it was built. but the way it is today is most likely very similar to how it built.ave been movement4, there was a to save america's history and so that's a colonial revival. have a colonial revival taste to it as well. floors huing in the below me are original.

so the yellow brick on the found that -- the sons found that when they were doing excavations. they found that and they put back on the outside and bought some new ones to add to complete the facade. so this building is not 100% as washington george walked through these halls. 98% of thelong room, objects in this exhibit are from the colonial period. sons of the revolution in the state of new york still own tavern. they own five buildings on the fraunces tavern block. this society was founded in 1876 society for ical men who have descended from participants.war this society is still very active with a mission to educate about the revolutionary war in that time period. parade.ve a flag day an evacuation day event.

they have a george washington for the ball fundraiser museum every year. they're the underwriters for the museum. 1907 and the museum in they still rupp it today. -- run it today. >> welcome to the mcatee gallery third floor of fraunces tavern museum. his tells the history of the sons of revolution in the state of new york. s had wonderful experience over the last couple taverns through fraunces doing many programming options to educate people of the including ry war, saving fraunces tavern and museum. all flag day parades, talmith day. as well as saving artifacts through the museum and displaying them here for the years.0 segment of a small

the washington collection here at fraunces tavern museum. what you're looking at now is a lock of george washington's hair. been the ject has museum for close to 90 years. s, the fbi was debuting dna testing. media stunt, they gathered locks of supposedly washington's hair from many institutions, including fraunces tavern. they tested this hair to one of ept-- washington's desen descendents. here it's likely to be 50% from george washington's head. the only 50% likely, over the breaks down so it was not possible to pull solid strands. the in this case, you'll also find a tooth fragment.

now, this tooth fragment came to to be a m claiming fragment of george washington's teeth. t's thought that he had wood dentures but the dentures were made of anal and natural materials. you're going to see artifacts that would have een carried by soldiers and officers alike, from the drinking cups made out of animal horn, to their bayonets, their cartridge boxes, leather carry boxes. n the back, you would see they carry that to hold letters and other pieces of documents they ould want to keep safe as well as a cannon ball, shot pouch which you keep your shot in. all made of leather. these artifacts are actually war.the revolutionary in this case, the mcatee see artifacts

relating to nathan hail, the martyred spy of the who was hangedar or being a spy, which was a offense punishable by death. the sons of the revolution had a statue which you'll see in this case, a smaller version. built d a larger version and installed at city hall park in manhattan. sons of the he revolution as they did in new day where nathan hail they go to the statue at city hall park and lay a wreath at the martyred spy. this case details the fraunces tavern at 54 pearl street. articles ewspaper relating to the restoration to site was nd when the dug, the spikes from the original building, and bricks, as an invitation from fraunces opening of tavern museum and restaurant in

1907. he exhibited parts of the frauncese collection at tavern. it had the largest collection of john moore doneesmore paintings anywhere. ago, the paptings were in disrepair. he frames are cracked, there were holes, tears in the paintings. museumlast 10 years, the has a large effort to conserve 37 of the 42 pieces. this conservation effort was hundreds of thousands of dollars and is finally complete. fraunces you can visit of the nd see all beautiful 20th century paptings here. and dunsmore, the painter, was archaeologist and historian. he was a member of the sons of revolution in the state of new york. accurate and are

give a great glimpse into different pieces of the story hat make up the american revolutionary war. painting is one of my favorites. it's called "going to the hunt," depicts george washington at mt. vernon leaving on his horse hunting, which was the -- his sport of choice. and so a lot of the people think loved orge washington horses. while this may be true, his true dogs.n was for his so george washington actually is of thezed as the creator american fox hound by bringing two different types of hunting dogs together. his eorge washington loved dog so much that he kept the ettle so close to the main house in mt. vernon. they would check on it in the morning and at night. this painting depicts george left, the and to his

marquis delafayette. horseback at the encampment f valley forge in the hard winter of 1777-'78. shoes,g soldiers without barely clad, and, yet, in this ainting, you can see a soldier holding his gun extending it. his painting is entitled washington family at mt. vernon, the library. a domestic scene of the father sitting by the fire with his wife and her washy hildren, nellie and as they called him. so george washington and march children of their own. but they did adopt two of their grandchildren. his is a wonderful domestic scene that people are very fond of. by doneesmore which was recently conserved efforts of dr. michael wolf is titled john adams proposing washington for commander in chief. can see washington is the

only man in this scene in uniform. and he's also facing the opposite direction of everyone else. being a humble servant, george washington knew what was about left the room e so that he wouldn't sway anyone's votes for his presence. to depict the dining room. depicts quaker ydia dara in her home being questioned by a british general. ydia daughter was a quaker and pacifist and the british occupied her home which they allowed her to stay in. he general told her and her family they had to go to bed early that night because he was special meeting. solid yeah actually hid and was in on the ten meeting. reported the intelligence

she gathered from that meeting back from the continental army. see e scene, you can there's a garbage can that was overflowing. of dunsmore's favorite unrest.you can see the the garbage can coming out of it tension.aphor for the this painting is titled washington leaving mt. vernon the inauguration, april 16, 1789. see washington holding hands with nellie custis as stands saying good-bye. this scene is interesting ecause when this painting was conserved two years ago, there was an x-ray done at the building. and you can see behind martha, painteds another person there that doneesmore painted over and changed the location of. if you have conservation, you paintings about the

more than what's available to the eye. illustrator from the late 1800s to early 1900s, papted after were the fact of the revolutionary war events. they were not primary sources. during his time of papting was a colonial revival movement. sometimes people would the revolutionary war and some of the paintings depict events that are fatal. they're not events that actually occurred. they tell a wonderful story who served and the tales that could be passed down to current generations. that come ol kids here every day of the week, hose are stories that can be told through dunnsmore's paintings. welcome to the clinton room. this is right across the hall the long room. this room is decorated in the style.list this room -- a room like this, may never have existed in

post 1800.avern but it's popular because of the wallpaper. wallpaper buy this today. there's a copy of this type of wallpaper in the white house. was named after the gentleman over the mantle, the first governor of new york, clinton, that's his sword. the escendents gave wallpaper to fraunces tavern. to the davis gallery, the center for the education in the american revolution. his is known as the flag gallery. as you can see, it's full of flags. here you'll see many flags that looked kind of flag.r to the american and that's because they tell the how the american flag came to be. george's cross, the

american flag and including the betsy ross at the top right. story of the betsy rice is an oral history passed down from family members. but no primary source creating g betsy ross that flag. but it's a well respected and american history. on this side of the room, you'll see colorful flags different shapes from the american flag. hese are french regimental flags. as you may know, the french helped us, the continental army the war with financial support, military support, and supplies. opposite the american flag wall, we found several flags depicting regiments of the army. each would design its own flag and be known by it. the white flag with the bees is an early north carolina flag. the far end you'll see a navy women and ith two

that was the new york third regiment flag. welcome to the gallery. museum. gallery of the currently raiding the attic is posted. this exhibit puts 22 artifacts up for public choice. 5,000 votes are received and the top 10 objects exhibited here in the lobe gallery. so some of the interesting decided hat the people to have exhibited are behind me. so follow me. this is the great seal of the united states. it's not just a painting on wood. it's actually a carriage door george ly from washington's carriage. the interesting thing about this the eagle looks kind of like a turkey. nd there was a debate about

what the national bird should be and benjamin franklin thought it be the wild turkey. this is a customs official being tarred and feathered which is if you were collecting money. so this is from 1774. and it's original to the frame as well. and if anybody ever heard the ong, yankee doodle dandy wearing macaroni in his hat, fashion style from italy and it was not a -- it was negative term to call someone a yankee doodle dandy. tavern museum collecting artifacts since the sons of the revolution in 1876. over 6,000 pieces

including a large collection of as well as archives muskets, e, porcelain, accoutrements. so a vast collection they have fraunces tavern resulting in pottery shards, bones, glass pieces, to arrow heads. and the last pieces is not just to what you see today. very vast and nine galleries in which we exhibit all of the pieces from the collection. collection is open to researchers. has been fully section and the next will be on our website. ou're welcome to come to the museum to have hands on experience with the sources. i was interested in museums in a

early age. i wrote a love poem to george washington when i was 9. i loved the revolutionary war history, i studied in college graduate school and i was lucky enough to get a job here the sonses tavern with of the revolution in the state of new york. you can watch and visit c-span.org. the can artifacts and search engine and browse the topics. labor day, on the c-span etworks, on c-span at 5:30 eastern, an education department summit on bullying in schools. nye the science guy and creation museum founder evolution.ate on c-span 2's book tv. congressman james

clyburn talks about his life in his youth from the jim crow and the leadership in the house of representatives. 8:30, sylvia dukes morris on of fame" on ice claire booth loose. t 10:00 p.m., the author of flash boys discusses the hidden world of high frequency stock trading. on c-span 3's american history 7:15 p.m. eastern time, d-64ican artifacts looks at gulf of tonkin incident that led to the escalation of the vietnam war. at 8:00 p.m., warren hardings's letters.eased love at 9:45, milton friedman. schedule at vision c-span.org and let us know what you think about the programs watching.e call us at 202-626-3400. n twitter, use the #c123 or

e-mail the comments at c-span.org. conversation, like us on facebook, follow us on twitter. week, american history tv's reel america brings you help tell the to story of the 20th century. >> this is the terror that once shadow over e erie the face of the ered. the hydrogen bomb that announced will once again undergo tests by the russians. tests and talks reconvene, the soviets said they testing and even that more horrible weapon. the west.ounced by adlai stevenson expresses the views of the u.s. >> the soviet government's it has decidedat

so resume nuclear tests comes as a profound shock. again, the iron fist of the hopes ofion pushed the peace-loving people. the soviets are attempting to the western powers because we intend to defend our from within, ts they are misjudging the resentment of all nations, large small, against threats and intimidation. this is a dangerous tactic. not deter the united states in its allies but it will negotiations all the more difficult. >> next, on american history tv, supreme court chief justice john roberts discusses the magna on the 800th anniversary. it there was a need, how shaped a young and growing america, the significance today. the annual bar

association's annual meeting in minutes. 20 the hn g. roberts jr. is 17th and current chief justice served nited states and since 2005 having been appointed by president george w. bush. chief justice roberts attended harvard law ge and school where he was managing editor of the harvard law review. a law clerk for judge henry friendly and justice ehnquist before taking a position in the attorney general's office during the reagan administration. the reagan o serve administration and the george h.w. bush administration in the of justice and the ffice of white house counsel before spending 14 years in private law practice. time, he argued 39 cases before the supreme court.