true in all of these big metropolitan areas getting ever larger every year. atlanta, miami, all the way up the eastern seaboard. not quite as true yet as far north as it is in the west where there's it is in the west where there's constant renewal going on. but these are big seismic shifts in the country. that will have consequences it seems to me. >> tom brokaw, living legend. [ applause ] the 2015 c-span student cam video competition is under way, taupe all middle and high school student to create a 5 to 7-minute documentary with the theme three bafrmg branches and you.

showing how the federal government has affected you or your community. there's 200 cash prizes for student and teaches totaling $100,000. for the list of rules and thousand get started go to studentcam.org. c-span veteran's day coverage begins tuesday morning at 8:30 eastern during washington journal with director verna jones. then at 10:00, the annual uso gala featuring joint chiefs of staff dempsey. then at 11:00, live at arlington national ceremony for the laying of the wreath ceremony at the tomb of the unknowns. then later, selection of the white house medal of honor ceremonies. >> each week american history tvs reel america brings you archival films that help you bring information to the 20th century.

♪ ♪ >> poor barbara, not for her, carefree hours of happy play. nor the busy hours of work and study. what has happened to her that she lies there so hot and feverish? so weak and dizzy? so miserable with suffering and pain? her body is just like a little country that's been invaded by an enemy army.

but the enemy in this case is not the soldier, and can be seen only through a microscope. it's soldiers are the germs of communicable disease. some of these disease-causing organisms are so small that they cannot be seen even with the most powerful microscope. they are detected only because they can pass through the tiny holes of this filter. a communicable disease is one which can be caught from someone else. this means that the germs have to least body of a sick person and enter the body of one who is well. the usual gateway by which they enter is through the mouth or nose. how do germs make the trip from sick to well and thereby spread

disease? they may travel by one of several ways. coughs and sneezes which are not protected send germs in a direct spray. kissing also gives germs a direct short trip. a public drinking cup is a favorite means of travel. water as we find it in nature may have harmful germs in it. if we drink such water without first boiling it, we are giving these germs a free ride into our bodies. milk is the best food there is for us. but if it comes from unhealthy cows in dirty surroundings, or it is handled by people having a communicable disease, it could become a good conveyer of germs. rats and some insects particularly the fly are of great help to germs of certain

diseases by carrying them from filth to the food we eat. you see the germs have several ways of traveling from the sick to the well. as individuals and as a community, we can do many things to help this movement of germs and prevent the spread of disease. a helpful community must have a safe water supply. here we see sedimentation and chlorination, a part of the process of water purification. in rural areas, a sick water supply requirees a properly constructed well, located on higher ground and at a considerable distance from the toilet.

the purity of acidic water supply is further protected by the sanitary treatment of sewage. rendering the waste not injurus to health. in rural areas, the problem of disposal of human waste can be the disposal of a proper septic tank. or if this is impractical by building properly constructed sanitary toilets. care in all steps of handling will help with milk born diseases.

cleanliness in the dairy, keeping cows clean and healthy milkers, sterilized buckets and cans so constructed as to keep off dust and flies all help to bring us safe milk so important in our lives. pasturization which does not take the place of all of the other precautions is one way to make sure that milk is safe. anti-fly measures, particularly in manure places, will help in places where germs travel. tight-fitting screens are effective. not only against flies but also against mosquitos. we can do much to prevent the

spread of disease by keeping away if those who are sick. common sense tells us to stay away from indoor crowds whenever communicable diseases are prevalent. always call the doctor early whenever a communicable disease is suspected. early treatment may lessen the severity of the sickness and halt its further spread. it is the duty of anyone suffering from a contagious disease to remain home until the doctor feels it is safe for him

to go out among other people. some diseases such as smallpox, diphtheria and typhoid fever could be wiped out entirely if each and every one of us took advantage of the time proof protection offered by vaccination and preventive inoculation. one of our best weapons in preventing disease is cleanliness, which is of utmost importance when there is a disease in the house. certainly cleanliness should be observed in all places where food is sold or served.

all dishes used by the public should be sterilized. our hands may pick up germs, the one act of washing hands before going to the toilet and before eating is an invaluable health measure. using plastic cups instead of drinking glasses will help keep down the transmission of disease.

we cannot keep all germs from entering bourd peeps but wise old nature placed within us natural forces capable of fighting the invading army of disease. the better the condition of our health, the stronger this last line of defense against the invader. building up this resistance depends upon a well balanced diet which satisfies all the food requirements of our body. outdoor exercise and the fresh air and sunshine. at least six glasses of water daily.