climate. nearly 300 days of sunshine a year. semiaridrrific climate, and also because of a great opportunity for recreation. a tremendous trail and park system. you can spend every day and something equivalent to the national park right outside your back door. shortly after settlement colorado springs in 1871, we became known as destination for people with tuberculosis. tuberculosis, in the 19 century, was the leading killer in the united states. it affected just about everybody in the country. during the early years, the only treatment that was offered to people with newly diagnosed tuberculosis was to go out west and to seek a cure. people would come to colorado springs on the recommendation of

a doctor, who would tell them to go chase the cure, get out of your urban environment and leave your job in a factory and to go seek health care. what made colorado springs in particular, attractive for "lungers" was the fresh air and the sunshine. we promoted it as a destination for people with tuberculosis. it was one of our first and only industries -- health care. colorado springs was founded in a place without a major industry and health care became the major industry. formerly the 1880's through the nation 40's. -- 1940's. in the early years, they would take the waters and spend time in the great outdoors and using

those methods was a form of treatment. after the founding in 1871, a new method for treating it was developed and that was called the sanatorium movement. they were less active when cash way of treating the disease. it was managed health care in which you were under the close supervision of doctors and nurses who provided a daily regimen of rest, fresh air, an excellent diet, monitoring by health care professionals. those things combined help to lead to a cure 60% of the time. we have a rich collection related to tuberculosis treatment and the health care

industry and one of them is this cola bottle. it contains the bulk of our mineral springs in the area and you can still go there today. we packaged a lot of water and the water initially was one of the key reasons why people came here, what they called promenading from spring to spring. commercial activities was a result of tb patients who came and stayed. one example of that is a man named van briggle.

he was a potter who came here to escape tuberculosis. he was supposed to stop working in clay, but couldn't get away from it. this is a photo of him working on a piece of his cup. -- the chalice cup. it was one of his most recognizable pieces. one international claim we have, we have one of the cups from his pottery in our collection. this is from 1920. it has been an active part of our community since since he -- since he came to colorado springs.

it is collectible all across the world. people come from all over the world to visit the museum today to do research. colorado springs market itself for health care. this is one of the pamphlets put together by the chamber of commerce from the early 20th century. we promoted ourselves all over the country and the world as a destination for people with health care issues, especially tuberculosis. we marketed ourselves as location that was free from all germ life. i do not know if that claim would hold water today. the museum owns and interprets an original tb hut. there would have been similar huts in all of the sanatoriums

around the community. they are patterned off of american indian teepees. especially yute teepees. he designed these for natural airflow. it flows from the bottom up to the top to maximize the amount of fresh air. one patient assigned to each of these huts. there may be colonies of hundreds of these at each of the sanatoriums. they are designed to isolate patients, to help them understand the communicable nature of the disease and to teach them about sanitary conditions and health care practices so that when they go back to their homes, to their jobs and families, they can help to spread that information instead of the disease. the sanatorium era lasted from

the late 1880's until after world war ii. an antibiotic was discovered to treat tuberculosis chemically. as opposed to the age-old method of fresh air, sunshine, and food. by the end of world war ii, this part of our history was coming to an end. what had been a major industry was going away. what we did was we attracted the military and today, colorado springs is affiliated with military, five major installations here in colorado springs. including the u.s. air force academy. that part of our history, this idea of colorado springs as a military town is simply an evolution for colorado springs as a health resort.

c-span'sut where vehicles are going next. >> the berlin wall fell 25 years ago on november 9, 1989. we will revisit that historic day on sunday, beginning at 8:00 p.m. eastern with archival c-span video featuring george h.w. bush from the oval office, reaction from senate leaders bob dole and george mitchell, and speeches from presidential candidates in 1963 and reagan in 1987 that galvanized berliners

and the free world. congress met in a december 1865, the occupation of the south, resignation of wartime powers, and transition to peace gave rise to tension between republican and democratic members of both houses. gregory downes explains how they navigated those challenges. this is a portion of the 2014 civil war symposium, hosted by the u.s. capital historical society. it is about 45 minutes. >> our next speaker is gregory downs who is an associate professor of history at the city college and graduate center of the city university of new york and his first book was :declarations of the pendants the long reconstruction of popular politics in the south,