to perpetuate a heritage that the rangers bring to us. it is sort of like high noon, they are regarded as the people taking on overwhelming odds, because of what is right, what is just, what should be done. people come here to immerse themselves on here so that they can make a real-life texas ranger. >> find out why are c-span slocum content vehicles are going next, online at www.c-span.org. you're watching american history tv. all we can, every weekend, on c-span3. >> in 1983, former president nixon sat down with ray gannon.

there were nine conversations over several months with topics ranging to watergate and his resignation. up next on the presidency, gannon draws from the clips leading up to and after his departure from office on august 9, 1974. he recalls working with nixon on his memoirs. this runs about one hour and 20 minutes. >> let me not hold up this great program. we have the director of the lyndon baines johnson library, and we have frank gannon who was a white house staffer during the nixon administered. let's not hold them up. [applause] >> welcome, everybody. tonight, we are going to see some very little-seen interviews

with richard nixon conducted by frank gannon. what strikes me about these clips is a richard nixon i have never seen before. i have seen nixon talk about some of the things that you will see in these clips, but i have never seen richard nixon as relaxed as i have seen him on this. nixon was often very pugnacious when it came to the press, as was seen in his interview with frost which was later shown in

the play and the movie "frost/nixon." frank gannon is very relaxed and provides insight that is a testament to the relationship that he had with nixon. i want to start off by asking you a little bit about that relationship. you were in the white house during the latter part of the nixon administration. what led you to the white house and to work for the 37th president of the united states?

and i want to ask, before frank response, we are going to see photographs of frank, which will take them down memory lane and will provide cues to talking about his experience in the white house and with president nixon. and this is our first one. [laughter] >> just to wake everybody up. [laughter] >> this is pretty self-explanatory. i would directly to the white house from the adult entertainment industry. [laughter] this was the official -- everyone, when you joined the staff, you went down to the office and the photographer's office, and you got an official close of the photograph taken. this is my official publicity photograph. i have several thousand of them. i don't think it was ever used anywhere, except they give several thousands of copies to me, so i think i have them.

this was taken, and i joined -- i began as a white house fellow. mark, is the director of the johnson library, and he has come from austan today -- austin today, and i'm very grateful he has done that. this year is the 50th anniversary of the white house fellows program. it was adjusted by kennedy and enacted by johnson. i was a white house fellow in the class of '71, and i came to the white house down from new york in the august month of 1971. this is me here. let's move on quickly. [laughter] this is me in the oval office in december of '73, and this is to establish that i am not making

this all up. well, i am making a lot of this up. [laughter] no, i was actually there. these are tough photos, because the abullent lad in that office picture in 1973, actually this is august 8, 1974. i am in ron ziegler's office. ollie atkins, who had photographed the nixon family for years, even before the white house, just roamed around the west wing pictures of whatever he saw. so this was me kind of on deathwatch, city enron's office. i saw this earlier, -- sitting in ron's office. i saw this earlier, and behind this curtain is nixon and sadat at the pyramids. it had just been taken five or

six weeks before. in the last several weeks before president nixon resigned, he had gone to the middle east and have been hailed in cairo and alexandria, and then went to syria, the first president to visit syria. then he went to saudi arabia and the to israel. he squared circle of israel and egypt in one trip and ended up in jordan. he came back for a week and then went to russia. so that is that day. this was, i have no idea why i was sent in there, because there was nothing i could do. this was the oval office. i went in, i guess to supervise, two people who knew exactly what they were doing and had done it before. these were techs who had set up the oval office for the resignation speech.

the president wanted to speak, and spoke as he says in the resignation speech, this was the 37th president and this was the 37th time he was speaking from the oval office. you can go into the oval office and see that they put down the papers, or whatever they were, to protect the rug. and they moved the flakes from behind to near the desk to be near the bookcase. and then they would put a scram behind, or not a scrim, but a curtain behind. and then they put a brown top on the top of the desk. so the president could have been speaking from the ramada inn in braille -- in brea. so that was the prep that was done in the oval office. that was the death watch and this is the postmortem. this was after the resignation

speech. we watch that on the set in ron's office. that is diane sawyer, that is ron, and that is me. >> we are now going to see some clips from the interview that frank has with president nixon in 1984, or 1983. this all leads up to the very dark days of early august, 1974. frank, talk about what we are about to see. there are four different sets of clips. frank will give some concept around them. and then we will roll them.

so talk about the first set that we will see. >> these clips are available on the nixon library website. in preparing them, i think of it as an omar -- an homage to ken burns. there are title cards to explain what they are. so i went to be the human title card here to set them up. that if you go to the library website, you can see them, and they will have a much more sustained explanation -- and they will have a much more suciscnt -- succinct explanation. what nixon is telling me in this is on the 23rd of july -- although this is the first of august -- but he is saying on the 23rd of july that he got the news. this will be a slightly longer explanation than the rest of these.

but to set it up, the house judiciary committee was getting ready to vote on the articles of impeachment. the math was unrelenting. there were 38 members, 31 democrats -- 21 democrats and 17 republicans. of the 21 democrats, 18 were solid vote for impeachment. there were three possible swing votes, people who at least had not committed themselves previously if they were going to vote for impeachment. they happened to be three southern democrats and they were very influential within the committee. they were considered to be very thoughtful people. if they held, if they did not vote for impeachment, this was a

very last-ditch hope. but it was the only hope in town. so the math was that the congressional relations people came up and said it was possible to maybe hold 16 of the 17 -- 17 of the 21 democrats. there was massive there were you to keep one republican only keep to democrats, or keep all the votes -- the math was a hail mary play. on the 23rd of july, nixon gets word that all three southern democrats were going to vote for impeachment. so this was the hail mary play. so there was the talk to call walter flowers, the alabama southern democrat, and see if he could influence him to vote

against impeachment. so nixon is on the phone in the oval office. it was a very curious conversation. wallace kept saying i can't hear you. and then he kept saying things louder, and then he realized that he said that walter did not want to hear him. then he said, i will be praying for you. then he looked at hague and said, well, al, there goes the presidency. before the tapes were released, he knew he could not survive as president. so in the first clip, he describes what he did as a result of that realization. the second clip, when he decides he has to resign, he decides he has to tell his family. he has two intermediaries with his family. one is rosemary woods, a longtime friend of the family.

so that is on the first of august. on the second of august, the president will talk about bringing the family to the lincoln sitting room. he wants to read the transcript of what became known as the smoking gun tape. it was the tape of the conversation in the oval office and neck halderman -- nick halderman in 1972. this tape made, in nixonian phrases, the presidency in operative -- inoperative. the tape was going to be released three days later. they were in the sitting room, and he tells his family what they are about to read. the transcripts. and the result is that the family think it is survivable and they don't think he's should -- he should resign, and mrs. nixon is particularly adamant that he should not resign.

>> the 23rd of july, i knew that we could not survive. however, when i got back to washington, in my usual methodical way, people think it is methodical and i guess it is, i decided i should put done the pros and cons of what options i had. i had a sheet of paper on that which refreshed my memory. it was rather interesting when i read it today so many years later. one said i could resign now. to select a way for impeachment and resign then. and three said i could go to trial in the senate. that would take about six months. resigning now is the option i

did not want to do above everything else, personally. i am a fighter. i just did not want to quit. also, i thought it would be an admission of guilt, which of course, it was. also, i felt it would send a terribly bad precedent for the future. i hoped no other future would route -- no other president would resign in the future. what i would do with the house voting for impeachment would be to put all of my supporters on the spot and make them vote for impeachment. the third option was to go through the senate with a hearing and a trial, i should say, for six months. i knew that that was unacceptable. unacceptable, from the standpoint of the country, the country could not afford to have a crippled, half time president. particularly in this time, when i recall in 1973, things were not as bad as things are now,

the soviet union was not as difficult. -- was very difficult. i just could not risk that. so after making those notes, i in my own mind decided that there was no choice. so the next day, the first day of august, as the weeks before i finally made my resignation speech. i got ed hague and told him that i felt there was no choice but to resign. that night i was i i told hank and -- i told hague and ziegler. i went out into the sequoia with him to have a satisfactory outcome of the heat astern, you can't do it. you just can't do it. i said, well, with the writing. then i said some i said to my

family. the painful thing. we all met in the lincoln sitting room, as i recall. she came down, patricia, and julie. i had the 23rd tape transcripts, because i thought it was important that they would see just what the problems were. it was causing concern. had it not been a 23rd tape transcript, we still would have resigned. as we know, the three democrats had been lost. but nevertheless, this was the final blow. the final nail in the coffin. although you don't need another nail when you are already in the coffin. which we were. she was very quiet about it. listening to others, which she usually does. but she came down very emphatically against resigning. you have to remember that during

the fund crisis, i suggested i turn in my resignation to eisenhower. and she said, you can't do that. she said, you are going to be able to survive and get your supporters to support you in the final campaign. and on this occasion, she was a fighter to the last. she was the last to give up. she was the last to give up on the fund thing, she was the last give up in 1960, and she was the last to give up here. >> so this next batch of clips takes us to august 5. >> from august 5 to august 7. so they went to camp david for the weekend, and we pick up again on the fifth. that is the monday night, the

night that the smoking gun tape was released from the white house. on that night, the nixon family with rose woods went to camp david. patricia, and julie, and david eisenhower, his sons and laws -- sons-in-law, and they left. after the tapes were released, the president did what he did. that is the fifth. now he had decided to resign on several days earlier. the senior white house staff knew. that afternoon, l hague -- al hague gives a succinct description of that point her and he finds a note on his pillow.

that is the sixth. on the seventh, the family had the last dinner at the white house on the solarium, which is on the third floor of the family quarters, and it is hidden by the portico. it is a room that is essentially all glass walls, and there is a balcony that looks down on to the elipse. after that dinner, the president goes to the lincoln sitting room to work, and after midnight he calls his press secretary ron ziegler to talk about final arrangements for the next morning. >> we decided that night to go

out for one last ride on the sequoia. that was a rather you read right, i would -- rather eerie ride, i would say. we talked about what patricia woods call the subject -- patricia would call "the subject." talked about how rose was handling inquiries from the press, she was very effective. so the evening ended rather puzzling. then i went down below to stretch out -- rather pleasantly. then i went down below to stretch out and think about all these things. rose got a call from al haig, and she read from her shorthand notes. it is about as we expected.

i kind of winced as some of the names were read off of those who had left my support. i understood it, but i felt -- i look back at the time where i campaigned for them, and supported them, and it cut. but i did understand it. i did not hold it against them. then she read off that the cabinet was standing firm, for the most part. and then she left the room. so i just turned off the light and closed my eyes. mrs. nixon was very perceptive however. after our night on the sequoia, even though she had not been officially told that the decision was final, she had started to sort the clothing and start packing. so the three days from monday night till we left on friday

morning, she did not sleep at all. she was packing five and a half years of clothes and mementos, and preparing herself for leaving. as it is between people who are very close, you don't have to say it publicly or even privately. things unspoken say it even more strongly. i knew the cabinet well. i knew from what i had heard from al hague and others, that they would like the opportunity to present their views and to logging me to make the decision. i respect of the but i was not about to allow them to get me to resign. it had to be my own decision taken at my own way at the right time. i did not want to give them that opportunity. the second reason was even more

important, however. there could not have been a. of 48 hours -- a period of 48 hours where it was going to be known that i was going to be resigning. i know that many of them probably did not appreciate the fact that i did not tell him, just as many did not appreciate the fact that i did not tell them i was going to china. but at times you have to keep your counsel, and i felt that at the time, this was one of those times. right after the cabinet meeting, i asked henry to come in, and i told him of course. we had to inform foreign governments of course, that sort of thing. he supported the decision, he regretted it, but it was asking too much to ask me to be dishonored, as he would put it, to have me go to trial for six

months. it was a tuesday afternoon. i said to general haig that i would resign, but it would be with dignity and no rancor. your exit will be as worthy as your opponents are unworthy, he said. and then i thought a minute and said, well al, i really screwed it up, didn't tie? -- didn't i? he did not have to answer. when i arrived in the room, i knew it was pretty tense. i can always tell with mrs. nixon, or the time with the fund -- nixon, remember the time with the fund, and she had this pain

in her neck. when she saw me, she put on a great act. i guess it was an act. she got up and threw her arms around me. she said, we are all very proud of you. well, i did not know quite what to say. ollie took portraits of me, and i said, i think it would be nice of you to take a picture of you and me in the rose garden, and patricia said, i will go with you daddy. so i would with patricia down to the road garden -- rose garden. we were able to think back to a happier time, back to 1971, when she and eddie were married in the rose garden. what a beautiful occasion it was

for all of us. she was as beautiful, i think more so then and even now, then she was then. -- than she was then. i said to ollie that we would have the picture, i put on a bold front and try to arrange it in my usual way, you stand here, you stand here, you stand according like so you want be cut out of the picture, ollie was very quick because tears were brimming and everybody -- eyes. -- everybody's eyes. and then julie could not stand

it, and she threw her arms around me and said, i love you so much daddy. at that time i could not say much either. that was way past midnight. as ron was leaving, he had been a loyal fellow and so forth, and i had really never given him a tour, but i wanted him to see through my eyes. i had all of the lights turned off and the queen's bedroom.

also in the lincoln's bedroom, and in the yellow room, and so on and so forth. so i walked through the rooms and showed them to him and explained a little bit by the history, and he seemed moved by it. he said simply, you have had a great presidency, sir. >> so now we get to the darkest of the dark days. august 8, when president nixon announces to the nation that he is resigning from office, and august 9, the data he departs

from the white house and flies back to san clemente. talk about what we are going to see here. >> we will see into separate sections, the august 8, which was a thursday, at 11:00 in the morning, he meets with vice president ford in the office to officially inform the vice president in 24 hours, 25 hours, he will become the president. and then that evening, at 9:00, he gives the resignation speech. after it, henry kissinger comes in and asks, there was a tradition, and henry would walk the president back the 500 feet or what ever it is from the oval

office to the residents of the white house in itself. and so this night, henry comes and asks if he could do the same on this occasion. >> tough for him. tougher for me. we had worked together for many years. he had come to congress just a year after me. we had fought many good battles and one most -- and won most, lost a few. i told him i thought that the country would be in very good hands. i told him it was important to keep henry kissinger, and he agreed, and i told him i thought we had a very fine cabinet. as i was leaving, i said, i meant to tell you something. i said, i remember so well one of the last conversations i had with president eisenhower. in fact, the last conversation i had with him before i was

inaugurated. he called me on the phone. he said he wanted to wish me well. and then he went on to say, his voice broke a bit when he said it, you know, i have only one regret on this great day. this is the last time that i can ever call you dick, mr. president. and i said, gerry, this is the last time i can ever call you gerry, mr. president. and it brought tears to her eyes. -- our eyes. after the speech, i went over to the residence to read henry came up to me -- residence. henry came up to me, and he said, i have always done this after the big speeches. as we got to the door, he said, mr. president, history is going to record that you were a great president.

i said, henry, that will depend on who writes the history. i went upstairs, and all of the family was gathered in the hall. as i came in, david said, i don't see how you did it, i don't see how you did it. and then suddenly, they all got up and came around and just surrounded me. it was sort of a huddle, but the family embraced and said nothing and saying everything. and then patricia said, daddy, your coat is wet, your coat is wet through. i began to have a chill. the room had been so hot and the temperature so great that i was perspiring through the suit, the same suit, incidentally, that i had worn to moscow and spoken on television to the russian people

in 1972. soon the chill went away, and i went down to the lincoln room and made a few calls to people. i heard the chanting outside. it reminded me of the vietnam days. except this chnt was -- chant was "jail to the chief, jail to the chief!" it did not bother me. i understood it. >> i think we have one more pod. one more batch of clips that relate to august 9. >> yes, the last day in the white house. the last half-day in the white house. the president slept fitfully for a couple of hours, and then woke up on that last morning, friday morning, and the family then said goodbye to the white house

staff, which was a tearful goodbye. the white house actually had a staff of the house, the butlers and the maids, the next development down and spoke to each of them. and the nixon went back to the lincoln sitting room to prepare for his farewell speech, which was going to be made -- was made -- at 9:00 in the east room to read it was a good buy speech -- farewell speech to the staff. al haig comes in with one minor house speaking -- minor housekeeping detail. he describes leaving the white house.

>> went to bed. did not sleep very well. i woke up with a start the next morning. the last morning. i wondered if i had overslept. i look to my watch and it was only 4:00. i tossed and turned and then i got up. i walked to the kitchen. i got a bite to eat. johnny johnson, a white house butler was there, and i said johnny, what are you doing here so early? and he said, it is and early mr. present, it is almost 6:00. i looked at my watch, as a matter of fact, the same watch i have here, and the battery had run out. worn out. at 4:00 on the last ar was in office. by that time, i was worn out -- on the last day i was in office. why that time, i was worn out -- by that time, i was worn out, too. patricia said she was glad that

people were able to see daddy as he really was. he had spoken from the heart, and i had spoken of pride, there had never been an example of anybody profiting. told them that they must not allow what has happened to discourage them or affect them. we learn from our defeats. life is not over because you suffer defeat. just some of the philosophical guidelines that enriched and guided me in my life. i try to share them. i spoke to my parents, my old man, as i recall. my mother. my mother was a saint. my old man was not just a common man, he was a next her and her man. that was about it.

went back down to the lincoln room, l hay -- al haig knocked on the door. it was perhaps for him, the most difficult meeting we had. for me it was not easy. he brought to me in peace of paper with one lie on it, and it had the statement, "i hereby resign the office of the president of the united states." so i signed it and he took it out. i worked on a speech until it was time to go down. very emotional speech. i recall speaking from the heart. tricia later in her diary, which she let me see, wrote that for

the first time, she was glad that people were able to see daddy as he really was. spoke from the heart, thanked them for what they done, expressed my pride in the fact that this administration had never been an example from anybody profiting in this office. told them that they must not allow what had happened to me to discourage them.

life is not over because you suffer defeat. just some of the philosophical guidelines that enriched and guided me in my life. i try to share them. i spoke to my parents, my old man, as i recall. my mother. my mother was a saint. my old man was not just a common man, he was a next her and her man. that was about it. we were guided by the secret service and the west -- and the rest.

jerry ford, he was going to be president in two hours. betty ford was standing with him. saidok hands with him and -- i said,ted you when i appointed you, i knew i was going to leave the country in good hands. he said, thank you mr. president. and i said, goodbye, mr. president. and then betty ford said, have a nice trip, dick. then mrs. nixon came out to the plane. julie was not going to be able to go to california with us. tricia was at the bottom of the ramp leading up to the entrance of the helicopter. everyone got into the helicopter, i turned around, and there was the crowd out there on the lawn as it had been in so many cases before. i kind of raised my hand, i did

not know if it was a salute or a wave, and that was it. i turned and went in and set down on the plane. i heard the engines world up, i closed my eyes, i was pretty tired and had been up all my. thinking and so forth. -- had been up all night. thinking and so forth. as the helicopter flew off, i heard mrs. nixon speaking to no one in particular but to everyone. she said, so sad. it is so sad.

and then as the helicopter went on, i must say i did not have any feeling of bitterness or rancor or self-pity. when i heard my speech, i saw people watching me give my speech, and tears were streaming down their cheeks, and how fortunate i was to have such marvelous people, such good people, in our administration. i thought of julie down there. and patricia and ed and mrs. nixon. no one, believe me, no one could have had a more supportive, loving, kind family and how lucky i was there. as the helicopter moved onto

andrews, my thoughts would go to the other times. we went there on the way to china. we went there twice on the way to russia, to the mideast, to europe, to around the world. i found myself thinking, and this is also rather characteristic of may, not about the past, but about the future. what could i do now? what could i do to see that these great initiatives that we had began could continue? and that is the way that it was. i think perhaps the best description of how i felt then, and frankly it is the description of my philosophy generally, of a little cufflink that i had received.

i received a little card, with a three by five, -- a little couplet that i had received during a received a little card, a three by five, with a little couplet on it. slain.rt, but i am not i shall lay me down and bleed but i shall rise and fight again. that is the story of my life.

>> so frank, you were a witness to these incidences. you were there when it happened. you were not in the east room when president nixon bid farewell to his staff. you are at andrews air force base on air force one. can you tell me about the experience at that moment? >> we had, after the resignation speech, we were in the west wing, and i was getting ready to go home. one of the secret service agents came in that i knew, and said that we were -- that the office was going to be swept for president ford in a couple of hours. until then, it was kind of a free zone, and if i wanted to go in, i could. so i went in, and i was alone in the oval office and sat in his chair. and as i told mark earlier, looked through his desks for -- desk for souvenir tie clasps and pens. i had to be out at andrews at

8:00. the only people who could go on the helicopter, which we have right out here at the library, or the family, -- were the family, the president, mr. ziegler, and the doctor. the doctor went on every trip. so the people who were going to be on the plane, the people on air force one, had to be at andrews at 8:00. i had a curious sort of out of body experience, because after the speech finished, we were all sitting there and watching the post-speech commentary, and i am

watching it, and then in my peripheral vision, it cuts to andrews, and it says the president's helicopter just arrives. and so we got out of the cab and fast. the plane took off at 817 -- 8:17. this is a picture of what would have then a completely filled cabin. it was like a ghost -- it was like the flying dutchman -- it was like a ghost plane. back there is ron ziegler and me and diane sawyer. and it was -- the president said in the earlier thing, by the time the speech was over, they

did not know what was happening, they just went where people told him to go. i think similarly, ron, diane, and i were just numbed by that point. the whole weekend just been surreal. 24 hour days. so just mentally, emotionally, and physically draining. i the time we got onto the plane, it was just -- by the time we got onto the plane, it was just exhausting. >> what was the flight like from andrews to san clemente? and by the time you're over missouri by 12:00 noon, president nixon became former president nixon as gerald ford was sworn in at the east room. >> the president had come back about an hour into the flight -- the president came back and talked to, i think there were five or eight of us in this forward cabin.

the next cap and was empty, which was the staff cabin, and what was the press cabin was empty. and then there were the secret service. so he came back. he went back and talked to the secret service. he came and talked to us, and he stopped and talked to me. he saw that i had had the foresight to get the seat next to the pretty girl. [laughter] and then he thanked all of us for what we had done in the white house and for coming with him on this trip. we had been told, the people who were going, on the monday, so the fifth of august, ron ziegler had asked me if the president were to resign, would i be willing to go to san clemente for a month? anybody that went would be gearing tea that their job in

the white house and the ford white house would be capped. so by going, you would not lose your job. -- kept. so by going, you would not lose her job. he said to keep it quiet. so i guess we had known from that monday on that it was a possibility, but we were finally told on thursday, on the morning of the day before, and the flight was surreal. there was a touching moment as we were flying, we were getting ready to land at el toro, the captain had sent a worker back, and we had seen the five, cars were backed up four or five miles waiting to get off at the

el toro exit. that was very moving. we landed at el toro, and the president made a couple of remarks, and that was it. >> so you worked for nixon. your month extended well beyond a month. you are at san clemente for a while. >> of course, it was a real roller coaster. we went out for a month. that extended for various reasons for six months of the official transition, every president is allowed by statute. of course, the nixon -- those six months, he resigned on august 8, and on september 8,

president ford issued a pardon, so there was a whole flurry of events. i was called on to draft the war work on the draft of the pardon statement. that was -- draft or work on the fraft of the pardon statement. just on your library depends on docents, they depended on us for the thousands of pieces of mail the cayman the mail for months. -- mail that came in the mail for months. and then he got sick. he got very sick. then he went back in. and then he began a. of just touchy health from the fall of 1973 until the fall of 1974 and then until the fall of

1975, for some months there it was touch and go. doctors said that they did not want to get our hopes up because he might not make it. that occupied us. as he began to get better and the. of the transition and it, for various reasons, mainly financial, and he knew that in order to pay his bills, which were staggering, he had half a million dollars in legal bills that he was responsible for after he left the white house, so in order to pay his bills, it was an exquisite dilemma. in order to pay his hills, essentially his lawyers' bills, he had to go on television and write a book. i will -- what his lawyers said was, whatever you do, don't go

on television and don't write a book. [laughter] i was the research assistant on the official life of winston churchill written by his son. and so we set our book offices up the same way that churchill's book offices were set up. these with through the world crises and the second world war, so i knew how randall set that up. so nixon knew that that could of it -- that experience could have affected it. he asked if i would stay on an organized the research and writing of his memoirs. so that is what i did. this is a picture of my parents

who came to visit. this was us in the former western white house office where they met the president. the man to nixon's immediate right is a clean-shaven gannon. he had given an immediate pardon to his mustache. [laughter] >> i wish i had known the things that i know now, and i am just not talking about my hair. but we are going to see a picture shortly, or maybe next, of the staff. we were wonderful people and he was lucky to have us, and he appreciated that. but you would think on august 8, if you had the nixon staff, it would take us to the convention center, and there was 300 of us

in the white house and 2500 of us in the executive ranch, but on august 9, this was the western white house staff or it you see friends of the library here will recognize the two bookends, jack brennan on one side. and four in from the left, friends of the library would recognized lowie goft. he still comes up into the library.