that? they're going to get it because of the segregated in housing and other things they're much more likely to get it if they're in an employed situation. where do they get their spending money from? you know 16, 17-year-olds, they see what the world has to offer. where are they getting that money from? where are the girls getting money from? you know, you look at in the black community the pregnancy rate of teen women one out of ten teen women are pregnant each year. that's down from one of eight a few years ago. but it's still serious. you look at rates of sexually you know there are serious problems and employment helps in these situations because it gets the spending money, but it also gets these soft skills. the second thing that i would

mention is there are number of programs in the high schools to move people in a more vocational way. bob lerman is here. there are apprenticeship programs that should be expanded. there are cte programs that get people into community college occupational programs. those are all fine and good. but if we're talking about the people who aren't at the most risk of not graduating high school, it's really the direct employment. and secondly finding ways to link up, to have partnerships with certificate programs and very narrow occupational programs. and many of those programs are given by the four profits. right? for many people the for-profits

with the worst and they're certainly examples of these for-profits being the worst. but there are, and you mentioned, james rosenbaum. he has positive views of what might be called the best practices for profits. they do much more counselling. they're much more hands on with the students. they're much more direct in getting them the training for direct employment. and i think it brings them out from the cold if there's partnerships. because then you can monitor. you can pick out the best practices. you can pick out the best programs. you can give the counselling to the students to select what's best rather than this draconian attempt to penalize them out of existence. that's where these kids are going to go.

you know, who's going to itt? what's going to devry? even, you know, university of phoenix graduates more blacks than any other school in the industry. there are a whole bunch of these places. and i think for the most at-risk kids, they should be included. yes, the community colleges have programs. but i think it's about time to bring them in from out of the cold. i wouldn't say this, except i'm american enterprise institute. at epi, i'd say something different. but anyway i think that we have to look much more closely at trying to find what goes on in these very chaotic and too often abusive families and that's figuring out how to get some counselling services to these

families and just not use suspension or -- or something that leaves out what's going on in the family. i think we have to realize that it's unfortunate but many of these black men bring their anger and frustrations into the family and things should be done about that. but most importantly, we have to figure out how to have more direct employment and pathways to direct employment while they're teenagers so they don't end up as part of that 50%, 25 to 34-year-olds who are out of work substantially during the year. thank you. [ applause ] >> thank you. good afternoon, everyone. robert thank you and the ai team for inviting me here today. and thank you for hosting this important conversation.

it's also an honor to be on the panel with such distinguished colleagues. i feel bad that i don't have a book that i've authored, but maybe when i leave the white house. i thought i'd share a little bit about why my brother's keeper was created and talk about what's happened in the past year. so you heard today all of the statistics, boys and young men of color not just black boys. you look at latino boys. you look at certain asian american populations. when you look at the boys, they're more likely to be born into low-income families, to live in concentrated poverty to live with one or no participate poor performing schools. when you look at what's happening in schools and courts, they are often times facing harsher penalties and least likely to be give an second chance and we see they're more likely to live in communities with higher crime rates.

whether it's reading at grade level by third grade or graduating from high school or unemployment, you see boys and young men of color double digit behind their peers. then you have black boys make up 6% of the nation's population but more than half of the nation's murder victims. so you sit back and pause and realize there's something in the stream. so we should do something about it. at the same time though i think it's important we don't forget the asset-based framing of boys and young men of color. we all know that phrase, you are what you eat. if you're told over and over again that you're not going anywhere, you start to believe that. as i meet with young people across the country, it's amazing even at an early age how much pressure boys and young men of color feel like they're under. there have recently been studies

that come out that talk about what's positive. one in four black men are veterans. 400,000 black men are active veterans. there are more black men in college than there are in jail. 59% more in fact, nine in ten don't use any drugs or not had substance abuse problems. seven out of ten when they are in the homes are intensive dads. more so than any other race group. changing diapers cooking dinner shuttling kids back and forth to school. so i think it's important as we look at shaping this challenge and also thinking about the solutions to realize that we have a generation of young people that have unique tallents and assets. we should think about the opportunity that we have to engage with a population that's really finding itself

struggling. these statistics are challenging in many ways what led the president to think about creating my brother's keeper, for those of you who have followed the administration this whole idea of an opportunity agenda has been important to the president. a man who saw his family life circumstance change. how do you create ladders into the middle class? but when we looked at the statistics, we realized we needed to pause and do something about it. so the genesis of my brother's keeper was actually after the verdict came out in the tray onvon martin case. you may remember that he tried to explain the anger and angst that young americans were feeling. and he talked candidly about his own experience, talking about how he would walk by a car and

hear the doors lock. the implicit buys that sometimes boys of young men in color face in this country. we needed to figure out how to bolster them. we also had to be honest that there were also barriers that needed to be removed. and we needed to make sure that our kids knew that they mattered. so that was summer of 2013. and he said look i don't have a secret plan. i don't think we're going to create some massive government program here but there has to be something we can do. fast forward to february of 2014, the president launched my brother's keeper. it's an initiative to address the persist tent opportunity gaps and make sure that all young people in communities can reach their full potential. and we are looking at a cradle to college and career strategy. we are laser-focused on evidence based interventions. i ran something called the

social innovation fund to really prove and prove and scale evidence based interventions. when they were looking for someone to run this, they wanted someone who had that appreciation. we have one in eight nonprofits that spend zero dollars on research and innovations. we're going to have to change the way that we think and realize that good is not good enough. for those of us who have been in business there's something that happens where we go completely to heart and lose our head. and we keep artificially sustaining these organizations that have no real impact and counting how many kids went through the door and not who falls through the cracks. and we're looking at six milestones on the path way from childhood to adulthood, where we know if we can have an impact at that level, it can be transform

transformative for boys and young men of color. everything automatic the way from zero starting really early. maternal, early screenings et cetera. reading at grade level by third grade. it's just so important that we get that done. graduating from high school, ready for college and career. completing post-secondary education or training a. successfully entering the workforce and reducing violence and providing a second chance. we can applaud some recent gains that we've made for the nation and even minority populations. i think our graduation right now is 80%. we're still looking at communities that are down at 50%. we had a team in and i think a couple years their graduation rate, a couple years ago, it was 9%. 9% in rochester.

i think they've worked it up to 20% now. we know what education means for your future. and the president talks about it three ways. obviously one there's a moral obligation that we have to make sure that america remains a place where if you work hard and play by the rules, we have a responsibility of helping you succeed. because when you succeed we succeed. and trying to return us to a place where our neighbors kids are our kids. i group up poor, but i lived in a neighborhood where i knew i could knock on either door on both sides of where i lived. i knew i could ride my bike. so just making sure we ramp up that ethic that we have a responsibility for each other. i think the other piece is recognizing that even sometimes you can work really hard and there's still barriers in your way that we have to remove. also that there's an economic imperative not just a moral obligation. the statistics are almost 7

million disconnected youth in this country not in school or not working ages 16 to 24. the vast majority of them happen to be boys and young men of color. the data shows there's a $1.6 trillion loss to associate from a fiscal perspective and a $4.89 trillion class from a social perspective. so if we look at a nation based on production and consumption we've got to make sure that we have boys and young men of color that are producing the next apples, the next big thing in this country and they're incredibly talented. and we also have to ensure 30 40 sfand $50 an hour jobs. the first thing that happened in the president created the my brother's keeper task force which is a task force of almost every single cabinet member and

white house office director that has anything to do with domestic policy. they were challenged with coming up with recommendations to expand effective policies, remove barriers that weren't working. they gave those recommendations to the president in may of last year. i've been tracking incredible work ever since. so department of labor has the american apprenticeship initiative which is working on pathways to employment. we heard about the national guard youth challenge. public/private partnerships, to make sure these disconnected youth are serving and being served at the same time. there's school turnaround corpse. really getting back to that roosevelt idea of getting young people involved by working and getting their hands dirty in the forest and urban forest as well. we're seeing the department of

education and justice issuing new guidance. there was correctional education guidance. secretary duncan and former attorney general holder for an event at a detention facility that was telling juvenile detention centers actually, you have to educate young people. if they have disabilities, whether they're learning or physical they're given certain allowances. and there's a certain amount of time they have to be in the classroom. so just clarifying the rules have been hugely helpful. you saw the policing task force where communities are working to work on law enforcement relationships with communities. and then department of education is working on the school suspension reform piece as well where we're seeing young boys and girls of color being suspended at ridiculously disproportionate rates as early as pre-k. you're now being pulled out of

the school sometimes involving law enforcement. so we're trying to help communities think about those challenges department of health and human services made more money available for mental health. so that's what's happening on the policy side of things. one of the pieces i'm most excited about is the place space work. there's the my brother's keeper community challenge. there are now nearly 200 mayors and county executives that have accepted that challenge. within 180 days, they are convening their community in a very public way and developing local action plans for how they're going to reduce december despairties. mayor nutter was the first to release his plan which will include trying to reduce juvenile arrests. mayor ballard in indianapolis was the second to release a plan. they're looking at doing harlem children's own style

block-by-block work. they have foundation funding to support the executive director for three years. so i'm really excited about that. there's been all sorts of ngos helping these communities. we have webinars and tool kits. it's really create thd great momentum. lastly, there's been a great private sector response. i was just with the ce of of ubs this morning. we are hearing this this is hugely important that their bottom line, fixing out how to get this right. so there's been over $300 million in investments between fill lantpy and the business community. prudential did a big grant around technical assistance and a social enterprise fund that they also launched. nba has a big mentoring campaign. j. p. morgan chase the

fellowship initiative. we've been impressed to see corporate america step up. so the first year has been really about all about building the infrastructure. and now we're really focused on impact and making sure that these communities are ready to report on progress. that we're making sure the federal policy efforts are implemented well and we can report on what's happening. and making sure this work is leading to impact and embedded in a way that this isn't just something that's the president and when we leave in 18 months that this work continues. i'm hopeful and i can see the movement that's built around the country that that will happen. >> thank you to all four of the panelists. i have maybe two or three questions, and then we'll open it up to the audience. so professor patterson, i strung

together some sentences in your book. if i've taken liberties i apologize. and i wanted to read -- give you few of them. you say above all african-americans must find a way of providing a household environment with authoritative care givers and positive role models for their children. we do not propose to tell them what patterns to choose, but we do say a better arrangement must be found if the mass of african-americans are ever to be in the society in which they live. though one now directed at internal social and cultural transformation facilitated to by government and private sector support. we've heard a lot about early childhood development, more

jobs. i'm a government person. i'm familiar with all of these things. these interventions. child support reform. if we do those things, but don't do what you appear to be talking about here, do you think we'll be successful? >> i thought you'd like that passage. but i want to emphasize this is got to be a mutual effort. that is to say the -- the government and the private sector has got to be involve in incentivizing this move. and, yeah, it's -- you know, as a sociologist, i've search around the world to see if we have another situation like this. and i couldn't find any. whether it's in primitive societies or the most liberal societies or so on. there's been many kind of

experiments. there has been israel and other. there's iceland ik thing which intrigued me for a while. but guess what? it's not a problem. the reason it's not a problem is two-fold. eventually most icelandic participate parents do get together. more importantly, they provide those key points in terms of child care. for me i'm right now very focused on the 328 problem. when you look closely at the child rearing arrangement, there have been many excellent works. really detail look at what the arrangements are, whether it's organized arrangement, whether there's a grandmother and so on. the thing is that african-americans do not differ

much in terms of the kids being left alone and so on. the one significant difference is the much higher proportion rely on sibling. and it's like twice as high as the -- so older kids are bringing up younger kids. now -- i tell you why that's problematic. apart from the fact that it's not a great idea to have kids bringing up kids, no matter how responsible they are. it's usually better for the kid doing up the bringing up she becomes responsible it's one of the sources why it is black women are doing so much better than the black man. but that's another issue. you get -- you normalize the idea of kids being authority figures. and for boys, that just streams right into the gang leader being substitute for the sib at home.

that -- that is -- somehow we've got to -- and this is where the government and the private sector become important -- find ways in which we provide institutional framework. after school programs have got to be very important. this is where i would really, really focus. the three to seven problem. we need structures. we know that they work. not as well as they should, but we know that they improve cognitive skiellls. very highly related with reduction in violence. that's where i put my money as far as government support goes. having done all of that seems to me that african-americans have got to work out, and i'm not going to tell them how to do it, there are variations which are possible. but they have to work on a system kwhwhich ensures that

there's adults there supervising the socialization of children. because too of them are being socialized by sib or kids themselves are not being supervised as all. if you wanted me to emphasize one thing, i'd say. as i said i carefully say i'm not going to tell african-americans how to do it. getting married in a suburban two-family way may be not in the cards. but there may be other arrangements which other countries have or what have you. the way i see it, i'm going to leave it to the wisdom of the african-american crowd. but some solution has got to be found. >> anybody else want to comment on that? >> so i think it's -- any reasonable social scientist would agree that family structure is both a cause and a consequence of poverty and in doing the best i can and the work aye done we demonstrate

that the rate of instability and complexity let's say in the bottom third of the become dust distribution is historically unique and unique among rich nations. at no other time in history have we seen such a high rate of turmoil in the family and the evidence is mounting about the affects on kids. so the question is what to do. in doing the best i can, we argue sort of that the key, you know, we know from the fragile family survey right that these couples arrive at the hospital together saying they're going to get married this magic moment. but when we really look in depth, sort of under the hood at what's going on, we find in the bottom third of the income dust contribution, families are really being formed by accident rather than design. very is brief courtships. not, you know, as orlando says,

there's no bedrock. these are not relationships. they became relationships after the fact in response to a surprise pregnancy. the couple doesn't know each other very well, so there's no glue when those hard times come. they break up quickly. about half within the first year of a child's life. men and women in early adulthood are searching for meaning. if they don't have jobs and they don't have other sources of meaning, if they don't feel they matter if they've not been given a meaningful way to contribute, children are going to become that meaning source. child bearing is motivated in fact multiple partner fertility this family go round that men are on, we argue is -- is partly a consequence of the packet that there aren't alternative sources of meaning for men and women.

one other thing i'd like to say. if you want to motivate a young man of color talk to that young man about their kids. i think what we've neglected to notice in this country is how much men have embraced the father role. so, but of course, just at the time they've embraced it they're less and less likely to be able to really claim it in a meaningful way. >> michael, i'm secures about -- sure go ahead. >> always hesitate to do this. but i think kathy is dead wrong. i mean -- >> spice it up. >> i think that this notion that's based on what men say is problematic. it certainly wasn't the narrative that you had in your previous books, in your previous

writing that these men many of them, whatever their rhetoric is that their behavior speaks much differently. and i think it's a balancing act we have to take where, yes, i think they're genuine, they're not lying when they say they want to be this they want to be that. and we should have ways to help them on that path. but we should have no illusion that that's their behavior. that, you know when we look at intimate vie lengths when we look at -- there's this alice gothman book that just came out. while she wants to blame all the problems on the criminal justice system, these men are not nice -- they're cheating, they're irresponsible. and i think we have to be much more honest. and yes, we have to not be tough

love and, you know, like we are with child custody. but i think we have to take a much more honest approach to what their behavior is and not simply what they say in interviews. >> michael, do you want to comment? >> before i give you my question. >> okay. well, one of the things that i'm most fascinated about and pleased by is the example that the president and the first lady set. and i was -- i was so thankful to the new yorker for calling to my attention this dialogue that apparently in the new buyingfy about the first lady that just came out, the first lady was a couple years behind me in school. i knew her brother very well. so i'm very loyal to her out of that concern. but the dialogue goes like this. when barack, would ask if

marriage really matter, she'd say marriage is everything. that's in the new biography about michelle. there was a lot of cooperation involved. what i want to ask you, michael sometimes the president gets blowback when he talks about the example he and michelle has set or the role of fathers in childrens' lives. how do you react to that? how does the white house react to that and what's the current position on the importance of them as role models for the country? >> well, you know, i think the administration has certainly invested quite a bit in healthy fatherhood and healthy relationships. you've heard the president certainly you know around father's day talking about what the data shows, that when kids are growing up in a healthy stable two-parent home, there's also sorts of positive consequences and negative consequences when that doesn't happen. and so that is something that the administration continues to

push. but i think what you hear from the administration is making sure that it's a healthy situation when two folks are coupled together. and so i think that's one. and i think the president's example with the first lady is hugely important for communities across the country. one of the things i notice when i'm talking to folks, whether it's my own family or other folks, they often times refer to the president and first lady by their first names. it's not a disrespect thing. people feel a familiar quality to them. in my grandmother's house next to martin luther king and john f. kennedy is now a picker picture of the president and first lady. >> so now let's turn to policing. both kathy and/or lan doe talked

about the rock in the hard place. so bob or michael and then you guy consist circle back how -- how possible is it that the reaction to the aspects of bad policing will be no policing in areas where many many families and citizens need that protection? >> oh, my goodness. you know one of the inspiring components of my brother's keeper has been -- i've been to many of these local action supplements that they're hosting across the country. on almost every single one, law enforcement is there, they are there in force, they're helping to co-facilitate sessions they're working with young people. almost every time, whether it's a sheriff or a head of public safety, they've stopped me afterwards, saying what can i do, we want to be more involved.

so i think my brother's keeper has created for these communities that are developing these action plans a safe place to have very difficult discussions and also to think about what the long-term planning is, whether it's increasing community policing whether it's expanding athletic league programs, so they're doing this kind of work for the long term as opposed to waiting for crisis to happen. i think that is probably one of the most hugely important thing to think about this now, be honest about the challenges. we also had a group of about 20 cities. they're law enforcement folks with us at the white house about a month ago. they were really thinking about -- public safety in indianapolis is really excited about this. to make sure you're targeting time, attention and resources where it most matters. so i think that is just one of the pieces that incredibly important. i also think the policing report

that came out, the 21st century policing report has been helpful communities. it gives them a set of principle principles that have been developed by this bipartisan diverse group of folks that they ka go back to officials and ask, what are we doing here are we adopting these principles, how far are we away from that. that's really the focus we're trying to put there. >> could i substantiatecipated in one of these meetings. mayor of new orleans had a three-day conference on the issue of violence. and i was so impressed by that. he had the police chief there and quite a few of his left-handers. and they didn't just come in and leave. they were there for the entire length of the conference. it was remarkable seeing community leaders from all over

new orleans as well as quite a few youth in there. it was a really truly remarkable meeting which went on for two and a half days. we discussed the issue and really came up with a wonderful set of suggestion and which the police were very much involved. but recognizing the issue of violence on the other hand, that the community itself has a role to play and need the police. so that was one of the -- if the others are like this we -- we're in for greatly improved situation. >>s kathy or bob? on the policing? >> no. >> no. >> okay. all right. so now we're going to open up for questions from the audience and we'll see what we have. in the back there right there. >> i just have a quick question. i'm sorry -- [ inaudible ] >> okay. >> i just had a question

about -- a question about what you think are the similarities or differences between -- with the trends that you've seen among black youth when you distinguish between african-american families that have been here for hundreds of years versus young immigrant african families? because i have people who tell me -- tla say that, oh, well, african families perform better or the children from those kinds of backgrounds do better. what are your thoughts on that? >> first of all, let me say there's a wonderful chapter in the book on just that subject. first of all, a good part of the relative success, better performance in school and so on of immigrants is a selection problem. africans have one of the highest sort of education levels but we know this is not reflecting

african culture, it's reflecting the immigrant who is a highly selective group. now, on the other hand i don't go to the other extreme which people in -- culture makes no dishes. it's just selection. as was pointed out in this chapter, culture is important, you know, american grown culture. that is to say immigrant notice america, in interacting and taking advantage of a situation in america, do develop the distinctive culture which in fact buffers them, even though they're living right there in the ghettos with the kids and all the problems and so on. so culture does matter. not because indians are bringing over this indian culture.

if that was the case, why are there 500 million poor people in india. but because precisely of the cultural process that interaction for highly-motivated group taking advantage of the american context, creating american immigrant culture which is in fact grown here. and so culture does matter, in that sense. >> yes, sir. right there. >> thank you. i run the jack kemp foundation. thank you for having this and you-all for your perspectives. given that the topic is jobs and policy and the economy and, yes culture matters, but in terms of public policy, government is not exactly a leader on the culture front. what policies can you

specifically say these -- here's the lowest hanging fruit that democrats and republicans can get on board with and -- you may not be surprised that i'm partial to true enterprise zones which from my perspective have been nullized into empowerment seasons which aren't all bad, but they're not enterprise zones which really unleash the aspiration that we want young men in our society and young women to have. so enterprise zones being an example. what are some of the other -- >> we'll have kathie and then michael. and we're looking for low hanging fruit were there are potential for bipartisan consensus. >> so some will be low-hanging and some will be bipartisan. >> whatever that means. >> the first thing we need to do is think carefully about -- and i think you'll like this too,

this process of accidental family formation. we have all the planning in the world and at the bottom -- to say there's a lack of a bedrock, i think is an understatement. we need to figure out how to motivate young women and men to plan their families. i think we could do that with high school curriculum. there's been some experimentation around that. but if you form a family by accident rather than by design you are almost condemned from the the get-go of having a stable family. there's not a lot of support for this idea. it's kind of unusual because i think we're a very family-oriented culture. but the idea that every child should have a mom and a dad and that the culture should honor and treat every fair as if his contributions are important. i could go on all day.

there's very good evidence for that. but these dads are not all or even mainly thugs. that is just not true. robert lerman's path breaking actually research that i've tried to replicate has shown that at any given time a man who ever has a nonmarital birth is actively following on a weekly basis at least one of his nonmarital children. we need to really focus on child support as a formation -- a way that men can claim their right to parent their children. and the third thing i would advocate for is these simple solutions that transform single mother serving institution to fragile family serving institutions. behind every so-called single mother, there's probably a fragile family. we should get dad on the emergency contact form.

>> so i'll be brief. i think there are three things that we've been focused on and seen certainly some bipartisan support, even if it's coming from the private sector. one is just making sure we're filling the jobs of the future. i started my career doing digital divide work and i saw my fair share of resume writing courses. you bring people in and teach them how to write a resume and some soft skills and good luck. what are the jobs of the future of that community or for the nation and how are you making sure you're preparing the population to create path ways to those jobs. one of the big things are stem fields. millions of jobs sitting unfulfilled that we haven't prepared the nation to take on. tech hire is trying to if he kus communities on building those skills and creating pathways. we're also seeing a lot of

coding work that's happening. sometimes you can start getting into a lucrative career without having a four-year degree if you can learn coding skills. that's one piece. this is low-hanging fruit and everyone can agree around that. the second thing is just this idea about upskilling. i've had a chance -- the department of labor has been really focused on this. i've had a chance to see it in so many levels, taking someone that may be a bellman at a hotel and making sure they're getting the skills and training to become the night manager and the manager. but making sure folks are getting the skills to take on higher paying jobs and get more education. and then the third piece i think is second chances. you had so many bad programs with folks getting out of jail and trying to get them a job. now you have efforts like the center for employment opportunities that's an evidence

based program that is beginning to work with folks that are incarcerated while they're still in jail, giving them skills, helping them think about the life afterwards, getting them a job the day after they get out, interacting with the employer. making sure they have money in their pocket in the first week. so i think those are three things that are already beginning to work that if you know we could get more support it could be even bigger and better. >> i want to mention four. i think the private sector can really become involved in what i already emphasized, that after school care and precare. i want to seat the private sector become much more involved in reinforcing that. secondly, job training programs. now i -- one of the chapters in the book we actually studied there's organization which addresses the issue of not so

much how you get a job because it turns -- the problem isn't getting jobs it's keeping jobs. because they lack the soft skills. the emphasis on respect for example, looking around where you walk off the job. there are organizations which are take six weeks, eight weeks to train these people into how you sort of -- how you smile at people, how you present yourself and so on. the one we start is called strive. i'd love to see that upscale more. because actually they work. it turns out these kids do not resent this at all. they welcome it. they want it. third, i strong -- one of the remarkable things about inner city kids is their level of entrepreneurship. it's pretty amazing what's done with hip hop for example, the way in which the internet technology is used. i think that some equivalent of the micro credit system which

has existed all over asia and so on, an american version of this in which these ent parenthesis neurals talent out there in the cities encouraged. people provided with some capital. i'm pretty sure it will work. and finally, we're very impressed in our evaluation of programs that work, the youth opportunity programs i've been -- sort of thing which the president used to do before he became president in fact. quite a few of them have been evaluated and shown to work very well. have sort of very very significant positive consequence. those are four. up upscaling these would be great. >> so we are scheduled to go to 1:30 which we're past. maybe i'll take one more question.

this gentleman right here. but i want to thank everybody for a great panel so far. yes, sir? >> i want to thank everybody. all the panelists. it's been very refreshing. i've been trying to capture this on video because when i get back i want to share it with quite a few people. i'm starting to know why sometimes academics tend to get out of touch because i think often times we're using old and outdated data. i think what michael is talking about, getting out in the field today is going to be the best measure and caliber of trying to set the tenor as to where the dollars should go, as to what the academics need to sometimes come into the trenches or put research dollars in programs

such as what we're doing. we run a program called career innovations of america. our program deals with student-based options personal discovery. i'm working with young people that i'm sitting down talking with and i'm trying to find out what is it they want to do with their lives. we pull all types of discovery programs first. we do personal discovery. which is more subjective in nature. then we do objective discovery which allows us to see what's the divide and the deviations between subjectly what they want and objectively what are the inventories they have right now. and then we attempt to build a pathway from what they say they want to do based on where they are with the various inventories

as it relates -- >> we need a question -- >> as it realities to character. so what i'm trying to put as a question here are there research dollars available for programs that need funding so that we can take models such as mine -- >> i can answer that. >> go ahead. >> that is what i call a quamet what you just did. i have to pitch my old job. we deploy about $70 million a year, not tons of money but pretty good money, to prove, improve and scale evidence-based practices. if you have at least preliminary results, we provide grants between one and $10 million to both do the research and evaluation and increase your level of evidence getting all the way up to randomized control trials as well as scaling. so it's nationalservice.gov.

the president has really been pushing this across the administration. there's the i-3 program that does the same thing. they talk a lot about evidence and evaluation, but the money is so hard to come by. we have 30 to 40% of the budgets on the evaluation piece. i-3 very similar. there are also similar programs at health and human services and funding things like nurse-family partnership. there is money certainly out there from a federal government perspective. also take a look at michelle jolin's organization, america achieves. they have something called money ball. they've been tracking sources to do this kind of work. >> that was very good. also at not redame they're looking for community based programs to partner with and then do strong evaluations that find results. great panel. thank you all for being here.

this is just the beginning of a discussion. we've got lots more to talk about in the coming years. thank you. she embraced the role of first lady and wore the finest fashions and looked like a queen, hosting afternoon parties for politicians. and during the war of 1812, she's credited for saving a portrait of george washington and other valuables from the white house. dolly madison sunday night at 8:00 p.m. eastern on first ladies influence and image. examining the public and private lives of the women who filled the position of first lady. from martha washington to michelle obama. sundays at 8:00 p.m. history. as a compliment to the series cspan's new book is now available. "first ladies." providing lively stories,

creating an illuminating entertaining and inspiring read. it's available as a hard cover or e-book through your favorite bookstore or online book seller. the cdc reports that overdoses from prescription painkillers have reached epidemic proportions. the amount of prescription painkillers pride and sold in the u.s. has nearly quadrupled but there's not been an overall change in the amount of pain that americans report. a house commerce subcommittee will hold a hearing on the issues. witnesses will discuss what federal programs worked and which have not. that will be live on cspan2. now, navy secretary ray mabus gives his take on the future of the navy saying that he's up for whatever plan congress has to modernize the

fleet except for a proposal approved by the house armed services committee this week. the secretary says the navy can't afford to update cruisers at the accelerated pace updated by the committee. this is at the national press club. >> recent pentagon developments show that navy secretary ray mabus sees change ahead for the military branch that he oversees. last week, mabus directed his staff to create an advisory counsel to, quote, assist, accelerate and enable innovation to thrive. the week before he anountsed plans to appoint a new deputy assistant secretary to focus solely on unmanned systems such as aerial drones and robotic submarines. since assuming his post in may 2009 mabus a former governor

of mississippi, hasn't hesitated to try new things. he's got a page on facebook. he has named ships former congress women and labor leader cesar chavez. he's made come mow appearances on the navy crime drama nshlgs cis. despite these new things, there are other things for the navy that remain constant. u.s. vessels are currently deployed to hot spots all over the world. recently, the navy reposition add u.s. carrier battle group in the arabian sea as the security situation in yemen deteriorated. in recent days all eye versus been on the strait as a cargo ship flying the flag of the marshall islands was seized by iranian naval forces. we look forward to hearing how secretary mabus plans to handle

these many challenges, all the while crafting a navy of the future. please join me in giving a warm national press club welcome to secretary of the navy, ray mabus. [ applause ] john thank you so much. and thank all of you for having me here and for being here. i'm only going to call out one person before i start. and that's my predecessor, senator john warner. [ applause ] every secretary of the navy apiera aspires to be john warner. i just want to point out this is john warner the person not john warner the submarine.

but john warner the submarine will be commissioned in august of this year and will spend the next 40 years patrolling the waters of this earth protecting the country that senator warner, secretary warner has served to well and so long. [ applause ] [ applause ] what the navy and marine corps uniquely give this country is presence. being in the right place, not just at the right time but all the time. we get places quicker, we can stay as long as we need to. we take whatever we need with us. and we don't have to ask anyone's permission to get the job done. and part of that presence has

ensured the global economic system for the past 70 years. keeping the sea lanes open for everybody involved in peaceful trade has been the reason that the world's economy is working as well as it does. because 90% of all trade goes by sea. and 95% of all voice communications and all data go under the sea. so the 21st century, very definitely is a maritime century. a choef of navy from asia told me one time that the difference between soldiers and sailors is

that soldiers look down at maps, they see lines, they see boundaries, they see obstacles. sailors look up over the horizon. they see no lines. they see no boundaries. they only want to see what comes next. what comes over that horizon. and our founding fathers understood the necessity for a great navy. in the constitution, in article i, it says that congress has the authority to raise an army, but it has the responsibility to maintain a navy. and in that not so subtle distinction, lies the importance of the united states navy and marine corps. we deploy equally in times of peace and in times of war. we have never be a garrison

force and never will be. there are no permanent homecomings for sailors and marines. we've also been at the forefront of technological and other innovations for as long as we've had a navy. and we'll talk about energy in little while. but we led the country. we moved from sail to coal to coal to oil, we pioneered the use of nuclear. the way that i have tried to organize my thinking and the way that the navy approaches this presence and the responsibilities that we have to this country are four ps, people, our sailors and marines platforms, our ships and our aircraft power, the fuel for those platforms, and partnerships partnerships with the american people,

partnerships with industry, partnerships with our allies around the world. i'm going to start out with platforms. you know --